interscript-maps 2.4.2 → 2.5.0

data/maps/bgnpcgn-prs-Arab-Latn-yaghoubi.imp

@@ -1,445 +0,0 @@
-metadata {
-  authority_id: bgnpcgn
-  id: yaghoubi
-  language: iso-639-3:prs
-  # prs stands for Dari (https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/prs&_ga=GA1.2.2054538372.1574092823)
-  source_script: Arab
-  destination_script: Latn
-  name: National Romanization System for Afghanistan -- Yaghoubi (2007)
-  url: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/693661/ROMANIZATION_FOR_AFGHANISTAN.pdf
-  creation_date: 2007
-  confirmation_date: 2017-11
-  description: |
-    This romanization system agreed by BGN and PCGN in November 2007,
-    accommodates the linguistic complexity of Afghanistan as manifest in
-    its geographical names.
-
-    The following tabulation shows the original Perso-Arabic script with
-    accompanying Unicode value (columns 1a and b), the Yaghoubi
-    romanization (column 2), the BGN/PCGN romanization with accompanying
-    Unicode value (columns 3a and b), an English phonetic example (column
-    4), and an example toponym (columns 5b and c).
-
-    [The Yaghoubi romanization system was developed in 1959 by
-    Muzaffarud Din Yaqubi (commonly seen as Yaghoubi). It is a native
-    official system designed to reflect Afghan names, both Dari and Pashto,
-    and both pronunciation and genuine linguistic truth.]
-
-    The tables function as both a romanization system for Afghanistan (i.e.
-    with access to the original script, these tables can be applied to get
-    a standardized Roman result - moving from columns 1 to 3) and as a
-    means of converting the available Yaghoubi Roman-script spellings, as
-    appear on the Fairchild Aerial Surveys map series, to standard BGN/PCGN
-    spellings (moving from columns 2 to 3).
-
-    The points used in Arabic to mark short vowels and certain other
-    diacritical marks are infrequently written in Afghanistan.
-    Consequently, a reference source may sometimes be required to aid
-    correct identification of the standard spellings and proper vowels and
-    elimination of dialectal and idiosyncratic variations. In the interests
-    of clarity, the example columns show script with vowel pointing from
-    Arabic to indicate the short vowels that are included alongside the
-    unpointed form that will usually be encountered. However it should be
-    noted that the pronunciation of short vowels will vary.
-
-    Note: it is recommended that a font such as Scheherazade, available
-    from www.sil.org, which includes the Unicode extended Arabic sub-range,
-    be used to view this system. [Please note that the identification of a
-    particular font does not represent an endorsement of any specific
-    product or manufacturer.]
-
-  notes:
-    - |
-      Alif (ا) should be romanized as follows:
-
-      a. Initially, it indicates that the word begins with a vowel or
-        diphthong; the alif itself is not romanized, but rather the short vowel
-        it “carr es” is romanized; e.g., ميړ أَسَلم ژرَندَه → Mī Aslam Zhrandah
-      b. When it carries a maddah (آ) (see vowel table, row 6), it
-        represents ā; e.g., آب بَند → Āb Band.
-      c. Medially and finally it represents ā (see vowel table, row 5);
-        e.g., ماڼۍ → Māṉêy
-      d. Medially and finally in words of Arabic origin, alif may serve
-        as the bearer of hamzah, e.g. رأس → ra’s.
-
-    - Occasionally the letter sequences سه ,زه ,که, and گه occur without
-      intervening vowels. They may be romanized k·h, z·h, s·h, and g·h in
-      order to differentiate these romanizations from the digraphs kh, zh,
-      sh, and gh, which are used to represent the letters ش ,ژ ,خ, and غ.
-      Additionally, the Pashto letters څ and ځ, routinely romanized ts and
-      dz, may be alternatively romanized s and z تس when for special reasons
-      it is desired that confusion be avoided with the character sequences
-      (ts) and دز (dz), respectively.
-
-    - "The vagaries of written Afghan languages, as pertains to spacing
-      and word division, are addressed as follows:
-      Spaces may be added to or subtracted from Afghan words written in
-      Arabic script, for the purposes of standardization. This is
-      particularly relevant when the words are hand-written, are rendered
-      “art st cally”, or express other s ch non-standard flourishes, as long
-      as the sense of the toponym, word, or phrase is not compromised.
-      Romanized toponyms are typically divided into constituent words
-      (spaces and other grammatical rules applied) when those words can stand
-      independently, for purposes of standardization and minimization of
-      confusion, particularly in situations where Afghan writers are
-      inconsistent in their application of spacing and word breaks. When the
-      Afghan word or suffix is only used in combination with other nouns or
-      adjectives, then it should be appended to the preceding word in its
-      romanization. This includes (but is not limited to) - ābā , -zaī, -zā
-      ah, - ū, -wand, -gaī, -kaī, -pūr, - ēsh, -lar, -lī, -lū and ullāh, as,
-      for example, seen in Raḩmatābād (رحمت آباد) and Raḩmatullāh (رحمت االله),
-      but Raḩmat Khēl (رحمتخيل) and Raḩmat Shahr (رحمتشهر)."
-
-    - The one-letter words د (Pashto) and و (Dari) are romanized dê and
-      wa, respectively.
-
-    - The word الله, meaning God, should always be romanized Allāh,
-      except as specified in note 3. Note that the Unicode value FDF2 spells
-      Allāh, but omits the alif in some common fonts, including Times New
-      Roman. If in doubt, try in Arial Unicode MS to verify. Also note that
-      the “dagger al f” ( ) above the second ل (lām) n the ord الله, is not
-      written but should be romanized ā, like a full-size alif.
-
-    - In names of Arabic origin, the l of the definite article al s ass m
-      lated before the ‘s n letters’ , , , , r, z, s, sh, ş, ẕ, , z, l and n.
-      In its romanization, the article should be separated from the name it
-      precedes and should not be capitalized except at the beginning of a
-      name, e.g. جبل السراج→ Jabal
-      as Sarāj
-
-    - In Arabic names, a shaddah, ّ is used to denote the doubling of a
-      particular consonant character, e.g. ُم َح َمد → Muḩammad. Ho ever, n
-      Pashto th s ‘do bl ng’ s freq ently om tted n both Perso- Arabic script
-      and the resulting romanization. Guidance on doubling may be taken from
-      an authoritative names source, such as an Afghan government source or
-      Pashto dictionary; for example, it is usual to see Ḩājī without and
-      ‘Abbās with the doubled consonant. The doubled y consonant is almost
-      always retained, as in Sayyid or Qayyūm.
-
-    - In Afghan names which contain an iẕāfah, it should be romanized as
-      -e or –ye according to
-      common pronunciation, but generally, -e is used if the preceding word
-      ends with a consonant other
-      than silent heh, and -ye if the preceding word ends with a vowel
-      sound e.g. غر ِحصار → Ghar-e ِ
-      Ḩ şār; َقل َع ٔه َنو → Qal‘ah-ye Now. Scholarly sources indicate that
-      heh is silent in darah and qal‘ah (thus darah-ye, qal‘ah-ye), but
-      lightly spoken in kōh and chāh (thus kōh-e, chāh-e).
-
-    - The character sequence خو, where followed by ا or ی should be
-      romanized khwā or khwī, although the w is either not pronounced, or
-      only weakly so, as in خواجه → khwājah.
-
-    - Plural nouns ending in -hā or -ān should always be romanized as a
-      single word, regardless of whether a space appears in a Perso-Arabic
-      script source.
-
-    - Unicode values listed in the tables above are required to ensure
-      standardization and to minimize confusion from competing
-      representations of a given character. It should be noted that the
-      Persian Unicode value 0643 or FEDA( ك Unicode value 06A9) is
-      recommended rather than the Arabic( ک or FED9), the Persian گ (Unicode
-      value 06AF) is recommended rather than ګ (Unicode value 06AB) or ڰ
-      (Unicode value 06B0) or ك (Unicode value 0643 or FEDA or FED9), and the
-      Pashto character ځ (Unicode value 0681) is recommended rather than the
-      heh with a dot above and a dot below (no Unicode value). For the letter ی
-      in its many variations, care must be exercised to follow this romanization
-      guide's recommendations to eliminate confusion for search engines
-      and software. BGN/PCGN does not use the Unicode encoding FEEF for the
-      character ی in any Afghan word.
-
-    - |
-      An inventory of letter-diacritic combinations in addition to the
-      unmodified letters of the basic Roman script is:
-
-        ‘ (U+2018)
-        Ā (U+0100)
-        Á (U+00C1)
-        Ḏ (U+0044+0031)
-        Ē (U+9112)
-        Ê (U+00CA)
-        Ḩ (U+1E28)
-        Ī (U+012A)
-        N-bar-top (U+004E+0304)
-        Ō (U+014C)
-        R-bar-bottom (U+0052+0031)
-        Ş (U+015E)
-        S-bar-top (U+0053+0304)
-        Ṯ (U+0054+0031)
-        Ţ (U+0162)
-        Ū (U+918A)
-        Z-comma-bottom (U+005A+0327)
-        Z-bar-top (U+005A+0304)
-        Ẕ (U+005A+0331)
-        ẔH (U+005A+0048+035F)
-
-
-        ʼ (U+2019)
-        ā (U+0101)
-        á (U+00E1)
-        ḏ (U+0064+00031)
-        ē (U+0113)
-        ê (U+00EA)
-        ḩ (U+1E29)
-        ī (U+912B)
-        n-bar-top (U+004E+0304)
-        ō (U+014D)
-        r-bar-bottom (U+0072+0031)
-        ş (U+015F)
-        s-bar-top (U+0073+0304)
-        ṯ (U+0074+0031)
-        ţ (U+0163)
-        ū (U+918B)
-        z-comma-bottom (U+007A+0327)
-        z-bar-top (U+007A+0304)
-        ẕ (U+007A+0331)
-        zh-under-bar (U+007A+0068+035F)
-
-    - The Romanization columns show only lowercase forms but, when
-      romanizing, uppercase and lowercase Roman letters as appropriate should
-      be used.
-}
-
-tests {
-  test "بَغْلَان", "baghlān"
-  test "پُوټَكَى", "pōtakay"
-  test "شِيرِين تَگَاب", "šīṟīn t̄agāb"
-  test "کُوْټ", "kōt"
-  test "ثَابِر", "s̄ābiṟ"
-  test "جَبَل السَرَاج", "jabal as saṟāj"
-}
-
-stage {
-
-  # CHARACTERS
-  parallel {
-
-    # Vowel, Diphthong and Diacritical Characters
-
-    # Or 'ē'. The character ی should be romanized ay or ē according to
-    # its root language or local pronunciation. In case of uncertainty a
-    # reference source (such as the Fairchild Aerial Surveys map series, or a
-    # BGN/PCGN approved policy document/list of recommended spellings) should
-    # be consulted.
-    sub "\u06CC", "ay"
-
-    sub "\u06D0", "ē" # Or 'ay'
-    sub "\u06CC", "ay" # Or 'āy'.
-
-    # Both the combination ay and aī are available to romanize this
-    # character according to its root language or local pronunciation. In
-    # cases where the sound is uncertain ay is the default romanization in
-    # BGN/PCGN standardization procedures
-    sub "\u06CC", "ā"
-
-    sub "\u06CD", "əy" # Or 'ay'
-    sub "\u0621", "’"
-    sub "\u0674", any(["-i-", "e", "ī"])
-
-    # Other Diacritical Marks and Language Conventions
-
-    sub "\u0627", "ay" # Or 'āy'
-    sub "\u06CC", "ya" # Or 'yā'
-
-    sub "\u0648", "w"
-    sub "\u06C0", '. . .h-e'
-
-
-
-    # special rules
-
-    sub space, "", after: "\u0622\u0628\u064E\u0627\u062F" # space followed by abad is removed
-    sub "\ufdf2", "Allāh" # See note 5
-
-    # pointing
-
-    sub "\u064E", any(["a", "â"]) # fatha
-
-    sub "\u064e", "", after: "\u0629" # َ fatha followed by ta' marboota
-    sub "\u064e", "", after: "a" + any("h|t") # َ fatha followed by ta' marboota, handling different order of conversion
-
-    # Both e and i are available to romanize this short vowel,
-    # depending on local usage and/or root language. In cases where the sound
-    # is uncertain, i is the default romanization in BGN/PCGN standardization
-    # procedures.
-    sub "\u0650", any(["i", "e"])
-
-    sub "\u0650" + boundary, "-e" # ِ kasra at the end of a word
-
-    # Both o and u are available to romanize this short vowel,
-    # depending on local usage and/or root language. In cases where the sound
-    # is uncertain, u is the default romanization in BGN/PCGN standardization
-    # procedures.
-    sub "\u064f", any(["u", "o"]) # ُ damma
-
-    # An alif with mad ( آ ) is written only in the initial position by
-    # BGN/PCGN standardization procedures, in keeping with Persian language
-    # family standards of use of the Arabic alphabet. The same letter written
-    # in a medial or final position is written . . .
-    sub "\u064e\u0627", "ā" # ـَا fatha followed by ا
-    sub "\u0622", "ā" # آ
-
-    sub "\u0659", any(["ə", "ê"]) # ٙ madda
-
-    sub "\u0648", "ō"
-
-    sub "\u0648", any(["u", "ū"])
-
-    sub "\u064e\u0648", any(["aw", "āw"]) # ـَو
-
-    sub "\u06CC", "i" # Or 'ī'
-
-    sub "\u0649\u0670", "ā" # ىٰ
-
-
-    sub "\u0652", "" # ْ sokoon
-
-    # special pointed letters
-    sub "\u0639\u064e", "‘a" # عَ
-    sub "\u0639\u0650", "‘i" # عِ
-    sub "\u0639\u064f", "‘ū" # عُ
-    # handle MacOS regex difference
-    sub "\u0639\u064f\u0648", "‘ū" # عُو damma followed by و
-
-    sub "\u0650\u064a", "ī" # ـِي kasra followed by ي
-    sub "\u0650\u06cc", "ī" # ـِي kasra followed by ي
-    sub "\u0650\u064a\u0651\u064e", "īy" # ـِيَّ
-    sub "\u0650\u064a", "iy", after: any(["\u064e", "u064f"]) # ـِي kasra followed by ي
-    sub "\u064f\u0648", "ō" # ـُو damma followed by و
-    sub "\u064e\u0649", "ay" # ـَى fatha followed by ى which is ا not ي
-    sub "\u064e\u0648\u0652", "aw" # ـَوْ
-    sub "\u064e\u0648", "ow" # ـَو
-    sub "\u064e\u064a\u0652", "ay" # ـَيْ
-    sub "\u0650\u06cc\u0651\u064e", "īy" # ـِيَّ
-    sub "\u064e\u064a", "aī" # ـَي
-    sub "\u064e\u06cc", "aī" # ـَي
-    sub "\u0674", "-e" # ٴ
-    sub "\u0654", "-e" #  ٔ
-    # - '-ye'
-
-
-
-    # ta' marboota
-    sub "\u0629", "at" # ة in the middle of the sentence
-    sub "\u0629" + line_end, "ah"
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-    sub "\u0629", "ah", before: boundary + "\u0627\u0644" + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff") + any("\u0600".."\u06ff")
-
-
-    # shadda
-
-    sub "\u0628\u0651", "bb" # ب
-    sub "\u062a\u0651", "tt" # ت
-    sub "\u062b\u0651", "thth" # ث
-    sub "\u062c\u0651", "jj" # ج
-    sub "\u062d\u0651", "ẖẖ" # ح
-    sub "\u062e\u0651", "khkh" # خ
-    sub "\u062f\u0651", "dd" # د
-    sub "\u0630\u0651", "z̄z̄" # ذ
-    sub "\u0631\u0651", "rr" # ر
-    sub "\u0632\u0651", "zz" # ز
-    sub "\u0633\u0651", "ss" # س
-    sub "\u0634\u0651", "sh" # ش
-    sub "\u0635\u0651", "şş" # ص
-    sub "\u0636\u0651", "ḏḏ" # ض
-    sub "\u0637\u0651", "ţţ" # ط
-    sub "\u0638\u0651", "z̧z̧" # ظ
-    sub "\u063a\u0651", "ghgh" # غ
-    sub "\u0641\u0651", "ff" # ف
-    sub "\u0642\u0651", "qq" # ق
-    sub "\u0643\u0651", "kk" # ك
-    sub "\u0644\u0651", "ll" # ل
-    sub "\u0645\u0651", "mm" # م
-    sub "\u0646\u0651", "nn" # ن
-    sub "\u0647\u0651", "hh" # ه
-    sub "\u0648\u0651", "ww" # و
-    sub "\u064a\u0651", "yy" # ي
-
-
-    sub "\u0621", "’" # ء
-    sub "\u0626", "’" # ئ
-
-    sub "\u0623", "" # أ
-    sub "\u0625", "" # إ
-    sub "\u0627", "ā" # ا
-
-    # See note B
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644", "al " # ال
-    # '\uFE8E' : ''  # ﺎ
-
-
-    # Sun letters
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062a" + maybe("\u0651"), "at̄ t̄" # الت
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062b" + maybe("\u0651"), "as̄ s̄" # الث
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062f" + maybe("\u0651"), "aḏ ḏ" # الد
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0630" + maybe("\u0651"), "az̄ z̄" # الذ
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0631" + maybe("\u0651"), "aṟ ṟ" # الر
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0632" + maybe("\u0651"), "az z" # الز
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0633" + maybe("\u0651"), "as s" # الس
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0634" + maybe("\u0651"), "aš š" # الش
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0635" + maybe("\u0651"), "as̱ s̱" # الص
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0636" + maybe("\u0651"), "ad͟z d͟z" # الض
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0637" + maybe("\u0651"), "aṯ ṯ" # الط
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0638" + maybe("\u0651"), "aẕ ẕ" # الظ
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0644" + maybe("\u0651"), "al l" # الل
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0646" + maybe("\u0651"), "an n" # الن
-
-    # consonant characters
-
-    sub "\u0628", "b" # ب
-    sub "\u067E", "p" # پ
-    sub "\u062A", "t̄" # ت
-    sub "\u067C", "t" # ټ
-    sub "\u062B", "s̄" # ث
-    sub "\u062C", "j" # ج
-    sub "\u0686", "č" # ‫چ‬
-
-    # The variant form ج is seen infrequently and does not have a single Unicode encoding.
-    sub "\u0681", "j̄" # Note 2 # ‫ځ
-    sub "\u0685", "c" # Note 2 # ‫څ
-
-    sub "\u062D", "ẖ" # ح
-    sub "\u062E", "kh" # خ
-    sub "\u062F", "ḏ" # د
-    sub "\u0689", "d" # ‫ډ‬
-    sub "\u0630", "z̄" # ذ
-    sub "\u0631", "ṟ" # ر
-    sub "\u0693", "r" # ړ
-    sub "\u0632", "z" # ز
-    sub "\u0698", "ž" # ‫ژ‬
-    sub "\u0696", "ž̲" # ږ
-    sub "\u0633", "s" # س
-    sub "\u0634", "š" # ش
-    sub "\u069A", "š̱" # ښ
-    sub "\u0635", "s̱" # ص
-    sub "\u0636", "d͟z" # ض
-    sub "\u0637", "ṯ" # ط
-    sub "\u0638", "ẕ" # ظ
-    sub "\u0639", "’" # ع
-    sub "\u063A", "gh" # غ
-    sub "\u0641", "f" # ف
-    sub "\u0642", "q" # ق
-    sub "\u0643", "k" # ك
-    sub "\u06A9", "k" # ک
-    sub "\u06AF", "g" # گ
-    sub "\u0644", "l" # ل‫‬
-    sub "\u0645", "m" # م
-    sub "\u0646", "n" # ن
-    sub "\u06BC", "ṉ" # ڼ
-    sub "\u0648", "w" # و
-    sub "\u0647", "h" # ه
-    sub "\u0649", "y" # ي
-    sub "\u064a", "y" # ي
-  }
-
-}