interscript-maps 2.4.2 → 2.5.0

data/maps/bgnpcgn-per-Arab-Latn-1958.imp

@@ -1,312 +0,0 @@
-metadata {
-  authority_id: bgnpcgn
-  id: 1958
-  language: iso-639-2:per
-  # prs stands for Dari (https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/prs&_ga=GA1.2.2054538372.1574092823)
-  source_script: Arab
-  destination_script: Latn
-  name: Transliteration System for Persian (1958)
-  url: https://github.com/interscript/interscript/files/5180821/BGN_Romanization_Guide_1964_persian_1958.pdf
-  creation_date: 1958
-  confirmation_date: 1958
-  description: |
-    The BGN/PCGN 1958 System for the Persian alphabet was
-    adopted by the BGN in 1946 and by the PCGN In 1958. It Is
-    used for the romanization of standard geographic names in
-    Iran.
-    The Persian alphabet is the same as the Arabic alphabet
-    except for the addition of four consonant symbols for
-    sounds which do not occur in Arabic. Therefore, the same
-    conversion values are used for the Persian alphabet as for
-    the Arabic alphabet wherever phonetically valid. Where
-    letters common to the two alphabets have different
-    pronunciation in the two languages, conversion values
-    reflecting the Persian pronunciation are provided in the
-    Persian system.
-    It may be noted that neither the system of pointing nor the
-    conversion values for vowels and diphthongs are the same
-    for Persian as for Arabic.
-    Persian presents the same problems of vowel pointing as
-    Arabic in that the short vowel symbols necessary for the
-    proper rendering of short vowels, long vowels, and
-    diphthongs are almost always omitted from written Persian.
-    It follows that, in order to produce transliterations in
-    terms of standard written Persian, the transliterator must
-    be able to identify the words used in names and must know
-    their standard written Persian spelling, their proper vowel
-    pointing, and how to eliminate peculiarities due to
-    dialectical variation.
-    The notes and special rules explain details of
-    transliteration not stated in the tables.
-
-  notes:
-    - |
-      1)The Persian writing system, in its generally used form,
-      employs only the symbols found in Table I, and the alef maddeh
-      (آ) of Table II. The symbols in column 1 of Table II are
-      traditional auxiliary symbols used by Persians only
-      sporadically to indicate the exact reading of a given word.
-      In the case of i, ū, ey and ow, a choice of symbology
-      exists, one system adhering to the Arabic tradition, the
-      other being a modification of it. Likewise, there are two
-      ways of writing alef maq§ureh. The BGN/PCGN transliteration
-      system presupposes forms fully pointed with the Persian
-      symbols represented in Table II, though these are omitted
-      from the examples given below.
-
-    - 2) Alef ( أ ) occurs with the following uses
-      a. Initially, it indicates that the word begins with a vowel or
-      diphthong, and the alef itself is not transliterated, e.g.,
-      انجيرة Anjīreh, ايواني Eyvānī
-      b. Initially with maddeh ( آ ),it indicates ā, e.g., آبادان Ābādān.
-      c. Medially and finally. it represents ā, e.g., e.g., آبادان Ābādān,
-       توكا Tūkā.
-      d.	With hamzeh. See Note 5.
-
-
-    - 3) Where special considerations are paramount, the sub-dot
-      may be used in place of the cedilla
-
-    - 4) The two-letter symbols kh, zh, sh, and gh are convenient
-      for use and easily comprehensible. The infrequent sequences
-      of kāf, ze, sīn, and gāf followed by he can be unequivocally
-      transliterated for bibliographical purposes by the use of a
-      slant line (“shilling,” “solidus") to separate true h from
-      a preceding k, z, s, or	g; that is,	kh represents khe, but
-      k/h stands for kāf followed by he.
-
-    - 5) Hamzeh (ء)	is	not regarded as a letter of the Persian
-      alphabet, but as a diacritic mark, and as such is not
-      always expressed in actual writing. In fully pointed words,
-      however, it appears in several graphic forms, standing
-      alone or written in conjunction with alef, vav, or ye (the
-      ye in this instance being undotted). All these forms are
-      transliterated simply with the apostrophe in the form
-      resembling a small raised figure 9 (’)	,e.g., جزء Joz’
-      صفراء şafrā’, مأخذ ma’khaz̄, مؤتمن mu’taman, پائين pā’īn Occasionally a word may
-      appear pointed according to the strict Arabic tradition so
-      as to indicate an initial hamzeh. This initial hamzeh is
-      never transliterated, but only the vowel which it carries,
-      e.g., •Jfi , whether pointed	or	0	.	is "transliterated
-      simply Anjireh.	' Hamzeh is also sometimes written over
-      final he or ye to represent the -ye form of the eg&feh, cf.
-      Note 8.
-
-    - 6) Alef maddeh is used initially to indicate ā, e.g., آبادان Ābādān
-      Noninitially it indicates ’ā in words of Arabic origin,
-      and must be so transliterated, e.g., قرآن Qor’ān, مآب ma’āb
-
-    - 7) Tashdid ( ّ) indicates doubling of the consonant over which
-      it is written and is represented in transliteration by writing
-      the consonant twice, e.g محمّد Mohammad The sequence kasreh ye ye
-      is transliterated īy.In names of Arabic origin containing the
-      definite article, the vowel of the article is transliterated according
-      to its Persian pronunciation and the lam, when followed by a “sun letter”
-      (t, s̄, d, z̄, r, s, sh, ẕ, ţ, z̧, ţ, z̧, l, n) is assimilated. The article
-      is written in lower case and separate from the preceding and following word,
-      e.g., Zeyn od Din, but *£4 . Zeyn ed Dīn. Cf. Special Rule 1.
-
-    - 8) The relational (ezafeh) suffix	is	transliterated -e after final consonants
-      (except for silent h). After silent h and after vowels, it is transliterated
-      -ye. It is usually not expressed in Persian writing after a consonant
-      (kasreh being understood), e.g., كوهِ مَرغٌوب Kuh-e Marghūb. After final alef or vav
-      it is written with ye (ي), e.g., بايِ آب	Pa-ye Ab,	جويِ آس Jū-ye Ās.	After	ye (ي)
-      and silent he it is written as hamzeh over the letter, e.g., دَهَانهٴ مَمبَر Dahāneh-ye Mambar,
-      سَلَيٴ بُذٌرگ Salasi-ye Bozorrg.
-
-
-
-    -  1.	In Persian names of Arabic origin, the word division
-      used for transliterating Arabic will obtain, except that
-      names ending in the word Allah will be written solid and
-      the a of Allah will be replaced by o, e.g.,	The Arabic
-      definite article when not subject to assimilation will be
-      written al in name-initial position but usually, ol
-      elsewhere, e.g., Al JJal but 2u ol Faqar. Cf. Note 7 above.
-
-    - 2. In Persian names in general, in sequences of name
-      elements pronounced as a single unit, division into
-      separate words will be made after Persian letters written
-      in the word final form. (But see the Rule immediately
-      below.)
-
-    - 3. The word abad which occurs very frequently at
-      the end of place names will be written solid with the
-      preceding word; e.g., Allahabad, not Allah Abad.
-
-    - 4. Persian derivational endings such as vand and Turkish and other
-      endings such as lar, li and lu will be written solid with
-      the preceding word, whether so written in Persian script or
-      not.
-
-    - 5. The letter he, when used in Turkish fashion for
-      word internal e, will be transliterated eh as usual but
-      will be written solid with the remainder of the word.
-
-    - 6. Kheplus vdv followed by long vowel or khe plus vdv followed
-      by gammeh will be rendered khv although the v is not
-      pronounced.
-}
-
-tests {
-  test "اَنجِيرة", "Anjīreh"
-  test "اِيْوَانِي", "Eyvānī"
-  test "آبادان", "Ābādān"
-  test "تُوكا", "Tūkā"
-  test "آبادان", "Ābādān"
-  test "قُرآن", "Qor’ān"
-  test "مَآب", "Ma’āb"
-  test "مُحَمَّد", "Moḩammad"
-  test "كُوهِ مَرغُوب", "Kūh-e Marghūb"
-  test "پَايِ آب", "Pā-ye Āb"
-  test "جُويِ آس", "Jū-ye Ās"
-  test "دَهَانِهٴ مَمبَر", "Dahāneh-ye Mambar"
-  test "سَلَسِيٴ بُذُرگ", "Salasī-ye Boz̄org"
-  test "عَبداللَّه", "‘Abdollāh"
-  test "ذُو الفَقَار", "Z̄ū ol Faqār"
-  test "اللَّه آبَاد", "Allāhābād"
-  test "اِيران", "Īrān"
-}
-
-stage {
-
-  # CHARACTERS
-  parallel {
-
-    sub space + "\u0622\u0628\u064E\u0627\u062F", "ābād" # Special Rule 3
-
-    sub "\u064e", "", after: "\u0629" # َ fatha followed by ta' marboota
-    sub "\u064e", "", after: "a" + any("h|t") # َ fatha followed by ta' marboota, handling different order of conversion
-
-    # pointing
-    sub "\u064e", "a" # َ fatha
-    sub "\u0650", "e" # ِ kasra
-    sub "\u064f", "o" # ُ damma
-    sub "\u064e\u0627", "ā" # ـَا fatha followed by ا
-    sub "\u0649\u0670", "á" # ىٰ
-    sub "\u0622", "’ā" # آ
-    sub boundary + "\u0622", "ā" # آ
-    sub "\u0650" + any("\u064a|\u06cc"), "ī" # ـِي kasra followed by ي
-    # '\u0650\u06cc' : 'ī' # ـِي kasra followed by ي
-    sub "\u064f\u0648", "ū" # ـُو damma followed by و
-    sub "\u064e" + any("\u064a|\u06cc") + "\u0652", "ey" # ـَيْ
-    sub "\u0650" + any("\u064a|\u06cc") + "\u0652", "ey" # ـِيْ
-    sub "\u064e\u0648", "ow" # ـَو
-    sub "\u0652", "" # ْ sokoon
-    sub "\u0650\u064a\u0651", "īy" # ـِيّ
-    sub any("\u0654|\u0674"), "-e" # ٴ ezafeh
-    sub any("\u0654|\u0674"), "-ye", before: any("\u064a|\u0647") # ٴ ezafeh
-    sub "\u0650" + boundary, "-e" # ِ kasra
-    sub any("\u064a|\u06cc") + "\u0650" + boundary, "-ye" # ِ kasra
-    # shadda
-
-    sub "\u0628\u0651", "bb" # ب
-    sub "\u062a\u0651", "tt" # ت
-    sub "\u062b\u0651", "s̄s̄" # ث
-    sub "\u062c\u0651", "jj" # ج
-    sub "\u062d\u0651", "ḩḩ" # ح
-    sub "\u062e\u0651", "kh" # خ
-    sub "\u062f\u0651", "dd" # د
-    sub "\u0630\u0651", "z̄z̄" # ذ
-    sub "\u0631\u0651", "rr" # ر
-    sub "\u0632\u0651", "zz" # ز
-    sub "\u0633\u0651", "ss" # س
-    sub "\u0634\u0651", "sh" # ش
-    sub "\u0635\u0651", "şş" # ص
-    sub "\u0636\u0651", "ẕẕ" # ض
-    sub "\u0637\u0651", "ţţ" # ط
-    sub "\u0638\u0651", "z̧z̧" # ظ
-    sub "\u063a\u0651", "gh" # غ
-    sub "\u0641\u0651", "ff" # ف
-    sub "\u0642\u0651", "qq" # ق
-    sub "\u0643\u0651", "kk" # ك
-    sub "\u0644\u0651", "ll" # ل
-    sub "\u0645\u0651", "mm" # م
-    sub "\u0646\u0651", "nn" # ن
-    sub "\u0647\u0651", "hh" # ه
-    sub "\u0648\u0651", "vv" # و
-    sub "\u064a\u0651", "yy" # ي
-
-    sub "\u0659", "ê"
-
-    # ta' marboota
-    sub "\u0629", "eh"
-
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644", "al " # ال
-    sub space + boundary + "\u0627\u0644", " ol " # ال #special Rule 1
-    sub "\ufdf2", "Allāh" # See note 5
-    sub "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647", "Allāh"
-    sub "\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u064e\u0647", "ollāh", not_before: boundary # Special Rule 1
-    # '\uFE8E' : ''  # ﺎ
-
-    # Sun letters
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062a" + maybe("\u0651"), "at t" # الت
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062b" + maybe("\u0651"), "as̄ s̄" # الث
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u062f" + maybe("\u0651"), "ad d" # الد
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0630" + maybe("\u0651"), "az̄ z̄" # الذ
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0631" + maybe("\u0651"), "ar r" # الر
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0632" + maybe("\u0651"), "az z" # الز
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0633" + maybe("\u0651"), "as s" # الس
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0634" + maybe("\u0651"), "ash sh" # الش
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0635" + maybe("\u0651"), "aş ş" # الص
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0636" + maybe("\u0651"), "aẕ ẕ" # الض
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0637" + maybe("\u0651"), "aţ ţ" # الط
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0638" + maybe("\u0651"), "az̧ z̧" # الظ
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0644" + maybe("\u0651"), "al l" # الل
-    sub boundary + "\u0627\u0644\u0646" + maybe("\u0651"), "an n" # الن
-
-
-    sub "\u0621", "’" # ء
-    sub "\u0626", "’" # ئ
-
-    sub "\u0623", "" # أ
-    sub "\u0625", "" # إ
-    sub "\u0627", "ā" # ا
-    sub boundary + "\u0627", "" # ا
-
-    # consonant characters
-
-    sub "\u0628", "b" # ب
-    sub "\u067E", "p" # پ
-    sub "\u062a", "t" # ت
-    sub "\u062B", "s̄" # ث
-    sub "\u062c", "j" # ج
-    sub "\u0686", "ch" # ‫چ‬
-    sub "\u062d", "ḩ" # ح
-    sub "\u062e", "kh" # خ
-    sub "\u062f", "d" # د
-    sub "\u0630", "z̄" # ذ
-    sub "\u0631", "r" # ر
-    sub "\u0632", "z" # ز
-    sub "\u0698", "zh" # ‫ژ‬
-    sub "\u0633", "s" # س
-    sub "\u0634", "sh" # ش
-    sub "\u0635", "ş" # ص
-    sub "\u0636", "ẕ" # ض
-    sub "\u0637", "ţ" # ط
-    sub "\u0638", "z̧" # ظ
-    sub "\u0639", "‘" # ع
-    sub "\u063a", "gh" # غ
-    sub "\u0641", "f" # ف
-    sub "\u0642", "q" # ق
-    sub "\u0643", "k" # ك
-    sub "\u06A9", "k" # ک
-    sub "\u06AF", "g" # ‫گ‬
-    sub "\u0644", "l" # ل
-    sub "\u0645", "m" # م
-    sub "\u0646", "n" # ن
-    sub "\u0647", "h" # ه
-    sub "\u0648", "v" # و
-    sub "\u064a", "y" # ي
-    sub "\u0649", "y" # ي
-    sub "\u06D0", "ē" # ې
-    sub "\u06CD", "êy" # ‫ۍ‬
-  }
-
-  # POSTRULES
-  sub any("\u0061".."\uFFFF"), upcase, before: boundary, not_before: boundary + any("‘’'-")
-
-  sub " Ol", " ol"
-
-
-}