superquantx 0.1.0__py3-none-any.whl

superquantx/backends/braket_backend.py

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+"""AWS Braket backend implementation for SuperQuantX.
+
+This module provides integration with Amazon Braket for quantum computing
+on AWS quantum hardware and simulators.
+"""
+
+import logging
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from .base_backend import BaseBackend
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+# Try to import AWS Braket
+try:
+    from braket.circuits import Circuit as BraketCircuit
+    from braket.circuits import Gate, Instruction
+    from braket.circuits.gates import *
+    from braket.devices import LocalSimulator
+    try:
+        from braket.aws import AwsDevice
+        AWS_AVAILABLE = True
+    except:
+        AWS_AVAILABLE = False
+    BRAKET_AVAILABLE = True
+except ImportError:
+    BRAKET_AVAILABLE = False
+    AWS_AVAILABLE = False
+    BraketCircuit = None
+    LocalSimulator = None
+
+class BraketBackend(BaseBackend):
+    """AWS Braket backend for quantum computing operations.
+    
+    This backend provides access to AWS Braket's quantum devices including
+    local simulators, managed simulators, and QPU hardware from IonQ, Rigetti,
+    and other providers available on AWS.
+    
+    Args:
+        device: Device name or ARN (e.g., 'local:braket/braket_sv', 'arn:aws:braket::device/qpu/ionq/ionQdevice')
+        shots: Number of measurement shots
+        aws_session: Optional AWS session for authentication
+        s3_folder: S3 bucket folder for results (required for hardware)
+        **kwargs: Additional device configuration
+        
+    Example:
+        >>> # Local simulator
+        >>> backend = BraketBackend(device='local:braket/braket_sv')
+        >>> 
+        >>> # AWS hardware (requires authentication)
+        >>> backend = BraketBackend(
+        ...     device='arn:aws:braket::device/qpu/ionq/ionQdevice',
+        ...     s3_folder=('my-bucket', 'quantum-results')
+        ... )
+
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        device: str = 'local:braket/braket_sv',
+        shots: int = 1024,
+        aws_session = None,
+        s3_folder: Optional[Tuple[str, str]] = None,
+        **kwargs
+    ) -> None:
+        if not BRAKET_AVAILABLE:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "AWS Braket not available. Install with: pip install amazon-braket-sdk"
+            )
+
+        self.device_name = device
+        self.aws_session = aws_session
+        self.s3_folder = s3_folder
+        self._device = None
+
+        super().__init__(device=device, shots=shots, **kwargs)
+
+    def _initialize_backend(self) -> None:
+        """Initialize AWS Braket backend and device."""
+        try:
+            if self.device_name.startswith('local:'):
+                # Local simulator
+                simulator_name = self.device_name.split('local:')[1]
+                self._device = LocalSimulator(simulator_name)
+                logger.info(f"Initialized Braket local simulator: {simulator_name}")
+
+            elif self.device_name.startswith('arn:aws:braket'):
+                # AWS hardware/managed simulators
+                if not AWS_AVAILABLE:
+                    raise ImportError("AWS Braket cloud access not available")
+
+                self._device = AwsDevice(
+                    arn=self.device_name,
+                    aws_session=self.aws_session
+                )
+                logger.info(f"Initialized AWS Braket device: {self.device_name}")
+
+                # Verify S3 folder for hardware
+                if 'qpu' in self.device_name.lower() and not self.s3_folder:
+                    logger.warning("QPU devices typically require S3 folder for results")
+
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(f"Invalid device name: {self.device_name}")
+
+            self.capabilities = {
+                'supports_measurements': True,
+                'supports_parameterized_circuits': True,
+                'supports_classical_control': False,  # Limited support
+                'max_qubits': self._get_max_qubits(),
+                'native_gates': self._get_native_gates(),
+            }
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to initialize Braket backend: {e}")
+            raise
+
+    def _get_max_qubits(self) -> int:
+        """Get maximum number of qubits for the device."""
+        if hasattr(self._device, 'properties'):
+            try:
+                return self._device.properties.paradigm.qubit_count
+            except:
+                pass
+        # Default estimates
+        if 'sv' in self.device_name:
+            return 34  # SV1 simulator
+        elif 'tn1' in self.device_name:
+            return 50  # TN1 tensor network
+        elif 'dm1' in self.device_name:
+            return 17  # DM1 density matrix
+        else:
+            return 30  # Conservative estimate for hardware
+
+    def _get_native_gates(self) -> List[str]:
+        """Get native gates supported by the device."""
+        # Common Braket gates
+        return [
+            'i', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'h', 's', 'si', 't', 'ti',
+            'rx', 'ry', 'rz', 'cnot', 'cz', 'cy', 'swap',
+            'iswap', 'pswap', 'phaseshift', 'cphaseshift',
+            'ccnot', 'cswap'
+        ]
+
+    # ========================================================================
+    # Core Circuit Operations
+    # ========================================================================
+
+    def create_circuit(self, n_qubits: int) -> BraketCircuit:
+        """Create a Braket quantum circuit."""
+        if n_qubits > self._get_max_qubits():
+            logger.warning(f"Requested {n_qubits} qubits exceeds device limit")
+
+        return BraketCircuit()
+
+    def add_gate(self, circuit: BraketCircuit, gate: str, qubits: Union[int, List[int]],
+                 params: Optional[List[float]] = None) -> BraketCircuit:
+        """Add a quantum gate to the circuit."""
+        if isinstance(qubits, int):
+            qubits = [qubits]
+
+        params = params or []
+
+        # Map gate names to Braket gates
+        gate_mapping = {
+            'i': I, 'x': X, 'y': Y, 'z': Z, 'h': H,
+            's': S, 'sdg': Si, 't': T, 'tdg': Ti,
+            'rx': RX, 'ry': RY, 'rz': RZ,
+            'cnot': CNot, 'cx': CNot, 'cz': CZ, 'cy': CY,
+            'swap': Swap, 'iswap': ISwap,
+            'ccnot': CCNot, 'toffoli': CCNot,
+            'cswap': CSwap, 'fredkin': CSwap
+        }
+
+        gate_lower = gate.lower()
+        if gate_lower not in gate_mapping:
+            raise ValueError(f"Gate '{gate}' not supported in Braket backend")
+
+        gate_class = gate_mapping[gate_lower]
+
+        try:
+            if len(params) == 0:
+                # Parameter-less gates
+                if len(qubits) == 1:
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(gate_class(), qubits[0]))
+                elif len(qubits) == 2:
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(gate_class(), qubits))
+                elif len(qubits) == 3:
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(gate_class(), qubits))
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError(f"Too many qubits for gate {gate}")
+
+            else:
+                # Parameterized gates
+                if gate_lower in ['rx', 'ry', 'rz']:
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(gate_class(params[0]), qubits[0]))
+                elif gate_lower == 'phaseshift':
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(PhaseShift(params[0]), qubits[0]))
+                elif gate_lower == 'cphaseshift':
+                    circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(CPhaseShift(params[0]), qubits))
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError(f"Parameters not supported for gate {gate}")
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to add gate {gate} to circuit: {e}")
+            raise
+
+        return circuit
+
+    def add_measurement(self, circuit: BraketCircuit, qubits: Union[int, List[int]]) -> BraketCircuit:
+        """Add measurement instructions to specified qubits."""
+        if isinstance(qubits, int):
+            qubits = [qubits]
+
+        # Braket doesn't use explicit measurement instructions in circuits
+        # Measurements are handled during task submission
+        # Store measurement info for later use
+        if not hasattr(circuit, '_measurement_qubits'):
+            circuit._measurement_qubits = set()
+        circuit._measurement_qubits.update(qubits)
+
+        return circuit
+
+    def execute_circuit(self, circuit: BraketCircuit, shots: Optional[int] = None) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Execute quantum circuit and return results."""
+        shots = shots or self.shots
+
+        try:
+            # Get measurement qubits (all qubits if not specified)
+            if hasattr(circuit, '_measurement_qubits'):
+                measure_qubits = sorted(circuit._measurement_qubits)
+            else:
+                # Measure all qubits that have gates applied
+                measure_qubits = list(range(circuit.qubit_count))
+
+            # Add measurement to circuit copy
+            measured_circuit = circuit.copy()
+            for qubit in measure_qubits:
+                measured_circuit.add_instruction(Instruction(Measure(), qubit))
+
+            # Execute task
+            if self.s3_folder and hasattr(self._device, 'run'):
+                # AWS device with S3 storage
+                task = self._device.run(measured_circuit, shots=shots, s3_destination_folder=self.s3_folder)
+                result = task.result()
+            else:
+                # Local simulator
+                task = self._device.run(measured_circuit, shots=shots)
+                result = task.result()
+
+            # Process measurement results
+            measurement_counts = result.measurement_counts
+
+            # Convert to standard format
+            counts = {}
+            for bitstring, count in measurement_counts.items():
+                counts[bitstring] = count
+
+            return {
+                'counts': counts,
+                'shots': shots,
+                'success': True,
+                'measurement_qubits': measure_qubits,
+                'task_arn': getattr(task, 'id', 'local'),
+                'device': self.device_name,
+            }
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Circuit execution failed: {e}")
+            return {
+                'counts': {},
+                'shots': shots,
+                'success': False,
+                'error': str(e),
+                'device': self.device_name,
+            }
+
+    # ========================================================================
+    # Algorithm-Specific Operations
+    # ========================================================================
+
+    def create_parameterized_circuit(self, n_qubits: int, n_params: int) -> Tuple[BraketCircuit, List[str]]:
+        """Create a parameterized quantum circuit for variational algorithms."""
+        circuit = self.create_circuit(n_qubits)
+
+        # Create parameter names
+        param_names = [f"theta_{i}" for i in range(n_params)]
+
+        # Store parameter info
+        circuit._param_names = param_names
+        circuit._n_params = n_params
+
+        return circuit, param_names
+
+    def bind_parameters(self, circuit: BraketCircuit, param_values: Dict[str, float]) -> BraketCircuit:
+        """Bind parameter values to parameterized circuit."""
+        # Braket handles parameterization differently - would need custom implementation
+        # For now, create a new circuit with bound parameters
+        bound_circuit = circuit.copy()
+
+        # This is a simplified implementation
+        # In practice, you'd need to track parameterized gates and substitute values
+        logger.warning("Parameter binding in Braket backend is simplified")
+
+        return bound_circuit
+
+    def expectation_value(self, circuit: BraketCircuit, observable: Union[str, np.ndarray],
+                         shots: Optional[int] = None) -> float:
+        """Calculate expectation value of observable."""
+        shots = shots or self.shots
+
+        try:
+            # Simple implementation for Pauli observables
+            if isinstance(observable, str):
+                if observable.upper() == 'Z':
+                    # Measure in Z basis
+                    result = self.execute_circuit(circuit, shots)
+                    counts = result['counts']
+
+                    # Calculate <Z> expectation
+                    expectation = 0.0
+                    total_counts = sum(counts.values())
+
+                    for bitstring, count in counts.items():
+                        # Z expectation: +1 for |0>, -1 for |1>
+                        prob = count / total_counts
+                        if bitstring == '0' or (len(bitstring) > 0 and bitstring[0] == '0'):
+                            expectation += prob
+                        else:
+                            expectation -= prob
+
+                    return expectation
+                else:
+                    logger.warning(f"Observable {observable} not fully implemented")
+                    return 0.0
+            else:
+                logger.warning("Matrix observables not implemented")
+                return 0.0
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Expectation value calculation failed: {e}")
+            return 0.0
+
+    # ========================================================================
+    # Backend Information
+    # ========================================================================
+
+    def get_backend_info(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get information about the Braket backend."""
+        info = {
+            'backend_name': 'braket',
+            'device': self.device_name,
+            'provider': 'AWS Braket',
+            'shots': self.shots,
+            'capabilities': self.capabilities,
+            'local_simulator': self.device_name.startswith('local:'),
+        }
+
+        if hasattr(self._device, 'properties'):
+            try:
+                props = self._device.properties
+                info.update({
+                    'device_type': getattr(props, 'deviceType', 'unknown'),
+                    'provider_name': getattr(props, 'providerName', 'AWS'),
+                    'max_qubits': getattr(props.paradigm, 'qubit_count', 'unknown') if hasattr(props, 'paradigm') else 'unknown',
+                })
+            except:
+                pass
+
+        return info
+
+    def get_version_info(self) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        """Get version information for Braket dependencies."""
+        import braket
+        return {
+            'braket_sdk': getattr(braket, '__version__', 'unknown'),
+            'backend_version': '1.0.0',
+        }
+
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """Check if the backend is available and properly configured."""
+        return BRAKET_AVAILABLE and self._device is not None
+
+    def get_circuit_info(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        """Get information about circuit execution capabilities."""
+        return {
+            'max_qubits': self._get_max_qubits(),
+            'native_gates': self._get_native_gates(),
+            'supports_mid_circuit_measurement': False,
+            'supports_reset': False,
+            'supports_conditional': False,
+        }
+
+    def _get_n_qubits(self, circuit: BraketCircuit) -> int:
+        """Get number of qubits in Braket circuit."""
+        return circuit.qubit_count
+
+    def get_statevector(self, circuit: BraketCircuit) -> np.ndarray:
+        """Get statevector from Braket circuit."""
+        try:
+            # Use local simulator for statevector
+            from braket.devices import LocalSimulator
+            sv_device = LocalSimulator("braket_sv")
+
+            # Execute without measurements for statevector
+            task = sv_device.run(circuit, shots=0)
+            result = task.result()
+
+            if hasattr(result, 'get_value_by_result_type'):
+                from braket.circuits.result_types import StateVector
+                return result.get_value_by_result_type(StateVector())
+            else:
+                logger.warning("Statevector not available")
+                return np.zeros(2**circuit.qubit_count, dtype=complex)
+
+        except Exception as e:
+            logger.error(f"Failed to get statevector: {e}")
+            return np.zeros(2**circuit.qubit_count, dtype=complex)