numpy 1.9.3__zip → 1.10.0__zip

numpy-1.10.0.post2/numpy/core/src/multiarray/nditer_constr.c

@@ -0,0 +1,3160 @@
+/*
+ * This file implements the construction, copying, and destruction
+ * aspects of NumPy's nditer.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 by Mark Wiebe (mwwiebe@gmail.com)
+ * The Univerity of British Columbia
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2011 Enthought, Inc
+ *
+ * See LICENSE.txt for the license.
+ */
+#define NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_API_VERSION
+
+/* Indicate that this .c file is allowed to include the header */
+#define NPY_ITERATOR_IMPLEMENTATION_CODE
+#include "nditer_impl.h"
+
+#include "arrayobject.h"
+#include "templ_common.h"
+
+/* Internal helper functions private to this file */
+static int
+npyiter_check_global_flags(npy_uint32 flags, npy_uint32* itflags);
+static int
+npyiter_check_op_axes(int nop, int oa_ndim, int **op_axes,
+                        npy_intp *itershape);
+static int
+npyiter_calculate_ndim(int nop, PyArrayObject **op_in,
+                       int oa_ndim);
+static int
+npyiter_check_per_op_flags(npy_uint32 flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags);
+static int
+npyiter_prepare_one_operand(PyArrayObject **op,
+                        char **op_dataptr,
+                        PyArray_Descr *op_request_dtype,
+                        PyArray_Descr** op_dtype,
+                        npy_uint32 flags,
+                        npy_uint32 op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags);
+static int
+npyiter_prepare_operands(int nop,
+                    PyArrayObject **op_in,
+                    PyArrayObject **op,
+                    char **op_dataptr,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                    npy_uint32 flags,
+                    npy_uint32 *op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                    npy_int8 *out_maskop);
+static int
+npyiter_check_casting(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                    NPY_CASTING casting,
+                    npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags);
+static int
+npyiter_fill_axisdata(NpyIter *iter, npy_uint32 flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                    char **op_dataptr,
+                    npy_uint32 *op_flags, int **op_axes,
+                    npy_intp *itershape);
+static void
+npyiter_replace_axisdata(NpyIter *iter, int iop,
+                      PyArrayObject *op,
+                      int op_ndim, char *op_dataptr,
+                      int *op_axes);
+static void
+npyiter_compute_index_strides(NpyIter *iter, npy_uint32 flags);
+static void
+npyiter_apply_forced_iteration_order(NpyIter *iter, NPY_ORDER order);
+static void
+npyiter_flip_negative_strides(NpyIter *iter);
+static void
+npyiter_reverse_axis_ordering(NpyIter *iter);
+static void
+npyiter_find_best_axis_ordering(NpyIter *iter);
+static PyArray_Descr *
+npyiter_get_common_dtype(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                        npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags, PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                        PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes,
+                        int only_inputs);
+static PyArrayObject *
+npyiter_new_temp_array(NpyIter *iter, PyTypeObject *subtype,
+                npy_uint32 flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                int op_ndim, npy_intp *shape,
+                PyArray_Descr *op_dtype, int *op_axes);
+static int
+npyiter_allocate_arrays(NpyIter *iter,
+                        npy_uint32 flags,
+                        PyArray_Descr **op_dtype, PyTypeObject *subtype,
+                        npy_uint32 *op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                        int **op_axes);
+static void
+npyiter_get_priority_subtype(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                            npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                            double *subtype_priority, PyTypeObject **subtype);
+static int
+npyiter_allocate_transfer_functions(NpyIter *iter);
+
+
+/*NUMPY_API
+ * Allocate a new iterator for multiple array objects, and advanced
+ * options for controlling the broadcasting, shape, and buffer size.
+ */
+NPY_NO_EXPORT NpyIter *
+NpyIter_AdvancedNew(int nop, PyArrayObject **op_in, npy_uint32 flags,
+                 NPY_ORDER order, NPY_CASTING casting,
+                 npy_uint32 *op_flags,
+                 PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes,
+                 int oa_ndim, int **op_axes, npy_intp *itershape,
+                 npy_intp buffersize)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NPY_ITFLAG_IDENTPERM;
+    int idim, ndim;
+    int iop;
+
+    /* The iterator being constructed */
+    NpyIter *iter;
+
+    /* Per-operand values */
+    PyArrayObject **op;
+    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype;
+    npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags;
+    char **op_dataptr;
+
+    npy_int8 *perm;
+    NpyIter_BufferData *bufferdata = NULL;
+    int any_allocate = 0, any_missing_dtypes = 0, need_subtype = 0;
+
+    /* The subtype for automatically allocated outputs */
+    double subtype_priority = NPY_PRIORITY;
+    PyTypeObject *subtype = &PyArray_Type;
+
+#if NPY_IT_CONSTRUCTION_TIMING
+    npy_intp c_temp,
+            c_start,
+            c_check_op_axes,
+            c_check_global_flags,
+            c_calculate_ndim,
+            c_malloc,
+            c_prepare_operands,
+            c_fill_axisdata,
+            c_compute_index_strides,
+            c_apply_forced_iteration_order,
+            c_find_best_axis_ordering,
+            c_get_priority_subtype,
+            c_find_output_common_dtype,
+            c_check_casting,
+            c_allocate_arrays,
+            c_coalesce_axes,
+            c_prepare_buffers;
+#endif
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_start);
+
+    if (nop > NPY_MAXARGS) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+            "Cannot construct an iterator with more than %d operands "
+            "(%d were requested)", (int)NPY_MAXARGS, (int)nop);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Before 1.8, if `oa_ndim == 0`, this meant `op_axes != NULL` was an error.
+     * With 1.8, `oa_ndim == -1` takes this role, while op_axes in that case
+     * enforces a 0-d iterator. Using `oa_ndim == 0` with `op_axes == NULL`
+     * is thus deprecated with version 1.8.
+     */
+    if ((oa_ndim == 0) && (op_axes == NULL)) {
+        char* mesg = "using `oa_ndim == 0` when `op_axes` is NULL is "
+                     "deprecated. Use `oa_ndim == -1` or the MultiNew "
+                     "iterator for NumPy <1.8 compatibility";
+        if (DEPRECATE(mesg) < 0) {
+            /* 2013-02-23, 1.8 */
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        oa_ndim = -1;
+    }
+
+    /* Error check 'oa_ndim' and 'op_axes', which must be used together */
+    if (!npyiter_check_op_axes(nop, oa_ndim, op_axes, itershape)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_check_op_axes);
+
+    /* Check the global iterator flags */
+    if (!npyiter_check_global_flags(flags, &itflags)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_check_global_flags);
+
+    /* Calculate how many dimensions the iterator should have */
+    ndim = npyiter_calculate_ndim(nop, op_in, oa_ndim);
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_calculate_ndim);
+
+    /* Allocate memory for the iterator */
+    iter = (NpyIter*)
+                PyObject_Malloc(NIT_SIZEOF_ITERATOR(itflags, ndim, nop));
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_malloc);
+
+    /* Fill in the basic data */
+    NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) = itflags;
+    NIT_NDIM(iter) = ndim;
+    NIT_NOP(iter) = nop;
+    NIT_MASKOP(iter) = -1;
+    NIT_ITERINDEX(iter) = 0;
+    memset(NIT_BASEOFFSETS(iter), 0, (nop+1)*NPY_SIZEOF_INTP);
+
+    op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+    op_dtype = NIT_DTYPES(iter);
+    op_itflags = NIT_OPITFLAGS(iter);
+    op_dataptr = NIT_RESETDATAPTR(iter);
+
+    /* Prepare all the operands */
+    if (!npyiter_prepare_operands(nop, op_in, op, op_dataptr,
+                        op_request_dtypes, op_dtype,
+                        flags,
+                        op_flags, op_itflags,
+                        &NIT_MASKOP(iter))) {
+        PyObject_Free(iter);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    /* Set resetindex to zero as well (it's just after the resetdataptr) */
+    op_dataptr[nop] = 0;
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_prepare_operands);
+
+    /*
+     * Initialize buffer data (must set the buffers and transferdata
+     * to NULL before we might deallocate the iterator).
+     */
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        bufferdata = NIT_BUFFERDATA(iter);
+        NBF_SIZE(bufferdata) = 0;
+        memset(NBF_BUFFERS(bufferdata), 0, nop*NPY_SIZEOF_INTP);
+        memset(NBF_PTRS(bufferdata), 0, nop*NPY_SIZEOF_INTP);
+        memset(NBF_READTRANSFERDATA(bufferdata), 0, nop*NPY_SIZEOF_INTP);
+        memset(NBF_WRITETRANSFERDATA(bufferdata), 0, nop*NPY_SIZEOF_INTP);
+    }
+
+    /* Fill in the AXISDATA arrays and set the ITERSIZE field */
+    if (!npyiter_fill_axisdata(iter, flags, op_itflags, op_dataptr,
+                                        op_flags, op_axes, itershape)) {
+        NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_fill_axisdata);
+
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        /*
+         * If buffering is enabled and no buffersize was given, use a default
+         * chosen to be big enough to get some amortization benefits, but
+         * small enough to be cache-friendly.
+         */
+        if (buffersize <= 0) {
+            buffersize = NPY_BUFSIZE;
+        }
+        /* No point in a buffer bigger than the iteration size */
+        if (buffersize > NIT_ITERSIZE(iter)) {
+            buffersize = NIT_ITERSIZE(iter);
+        }
+        NBF_BUFFERSIZE(bufferdata) = buffersize;
+
+        /*
+         * Initialize for use in FirstVisit, which may be called before
+         * the buffers are filled and the reduce pos is updated.
+         */
+        NBF_REDUCE_POS(bufferdata) = 0;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If an index was requested, compute the strides for it.
+     * Note that we must do this before changing the order of the
+     * axes
+     */
+    npyiter_compute_index_strides(iter, flags);
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_compute_index_strides);
+
+    /* Initialize the perm to the identity */
+    perm = NIT_PERM(iter);
+    for(idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+        perm[idim] = (npy_int8)idim;
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If an iteration order is being forced, apply it.
+     */
+    npyiter_apply_forced_iteration_order(iter, order);
+    itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_apply_forced_iteration_order);
+
+    /* Set some flags for allocated outputs */
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        if (op[iop] == NULL) {
+            /* Flag this so later we can avoid flipping axes */
+            any_allocate = 1;
+            /* If a subtype may be used, indicate so */
+            if (!(op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_NO_SUBTYPE)) {
+                need_subtype = 1;
+            }
+            /*
+             * If the data type wasn't provided, will need to
+             * calculate it.
+             */
+            if (op_dtype[iop] == NULL) {
+                any_missing_dtypes = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If the ordering was not forced, reorder the axes
+     * and flip negative strides to find the best one.
+     */
+    if (!(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_FORCEDORDER)) {
+        if (ndim > 1) {
+            npyiter_find_best_axis_ordering(iter);
+        }
+        /*
+         * If there's an output being allocated, we must not negate
+         * any strides.
+         */
+        if (!any_allocate && !(flags & NPY_ITER_DONT_NEGATE_STRIDES)) {
+            npyiter_flip_negative_strides(iter);
+        }
+        itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_find_best_axis_ordering);
+
+    if (need_subtype) {
+        npyiter_get_priority_subtype(nop, op, op_itflags,
+                                     &subtype_priority, &subtype);
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_get_priority_subtype);
+
+    /*
+     * If an automatically allocated output didn't have a specified
+     * dtype, we need to figure it out now, before allocating the outputs.
+     */
+    if (any_missing_dtypes || (flags & NPY_ITER_COMMON_DTYPE)) {
+        PyArray_Descr *dtype;
+        int only_inputs = !(flags & NPY_ITER_COMMON_DTYPE);
+
+        op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+        op_dtype = NIT_DTYPES(iter);
+
+        dtype = npyiter_get_common_dtype(nop, op,
+                                    op_itflags, op_dtype,
+                                    op_request_dtypes,
+                                    only_inputs);
+        if (dtype == NULL) {
+            NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (flags & NPY_ITER_COMMON_DTYPE) {
+            NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Replacing all data types\n");
+            /* Replace all the data types */
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+                if (op_dtype[iop] != dtype) {
+                    Py_XDECREF(op_dtype[iop]);
+                    Py_INCREF(dtype);
+                    op_dtype[iop] = dtype;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Setting unset output data types\n");
+            /* Replace the NULL data types */
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+                if (op_dtype[iop] == NULL) {
+                    Py_INCREF(dtype);
+                    op_dtype[iop] = dtype;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Py_DECREF(dtype);
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_find_output_common_dtype);
+
+    /*
+     * All of the data types have been settled, so it's time
+     * to check that data type conversions are following the
+     * casting rules.
+     */
+    if (!npyiter_check_casting(nop, op, op_dtype, casting, op_itflags)) {
+        NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_check_casting);
+
+    /*
+     * At this point, the iteration order has been finalized. so
+     * any allocation of ops that were NULL, or any temporary
+     * copying due to casting/byte order/alignment can be
+     * done now using a memory layout matching the iterator.
+     */
+    if (!npyiter_allocate_arrays(iter, flags, op_dtype, subtype, op_flags,
+                            op_itflags, op_axes)) {
+        NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_allocate_arrays);
+
+    /*
+     * Finally, if a multi-index wasn't requested,
+     * it may be possible to coalesce some axes together.
+     */
+    if (ndim > 1 && !(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_HASMULTIINDEX)) {
+        npyiter_coalesce_axes(iter);
+        /*
+         * The operation may have changed the layout, so we have to
+         * get the internal pointers again.
+         */
+        itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+        ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+        op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+        op_dtype = NIT_DTYPES(iter);
+        op_itflags = NIT_OPITFLAGS(iter);
+        op_dataptr = NIT_RESETDATAPTR(iter);
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_coalesce_axes);
+
+    /*
+     * Now that the axes are finished, check whether we can apply
+     * the single iteration optimization to the iternext function.
+     */
+    if (!(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER)) {
+        NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+        if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_EXLOOP) {
+            if (NIT_ITERSIZE(iter) == NAD_SHAPE(axisdata)) {
+                NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_ONEITERATION;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (NIT_ITERSIZE(iter) == 1) {
+            NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_ONEITERATION;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If REFS_OK was specified, check whether there are any
+     * reference arrays and flag it if so.
+     */
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_REFS_OK) {
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            PyArray_Descr *rdt = op_dtype[iop];
+            if ((rdt->flags & (NPY_ITEM_REFCOUNT |
+                                     NPY_ITEM_IS_POINTER |
+                                     NPY_NEEDS_PYAPI)) != 0) {
+                /* Iteration needs API access */
+                NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_NEEDSAPI;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If buffering is set without delayed allocation */
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        if (!npyiter_allocate_transfer_functions(iter)) {
+            NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        if (!(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_DELAYBUF)) {
+            /* Allocate the buffers */
+            if (!npyiter_allocate_buffers(iter, NULL)) {
+                NpyIter_Deallocate(iter);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+
+            /* Prepare the next buffers and set iterend/size */
+            npyiter_copy_to_buffers(iter, NULL);
+        }
+    }
+
+    NPY_IT_TIME_POINT(c_prepare_buffers);
+
+#if NPY_IT_CONSTRUCTION_TIMING
+    printf("\nIterator construction timing:\n");
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_START(c_start);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_check_op_axes);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_check_global_flags);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_calculate_ndim);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_malloc);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_prepare_operands);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_fill_axisdata);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_compute_index_strides);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_apply_forced_iteration_order);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_find_best_axis_ordering);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_get_priority_subtype);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_find_output_common_dtype);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_check_casting);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_allocate_arrays);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_coalesce_axes);
+    NPY_IT_PRINT_TIME_VAR(c_prepare_buffers);
+    printf("\n");
+#endif
+
+    return iter;
+}
+
+/*NUMPY_API
+ * Allocate a new iterator for more than one array object, using
+ * standard NumPy broadcasting rules and the default buffer size.
+ */
+NPY_NO_EXPORT NpyIter *
+NpyIter_MultiNew(int nop, PyArrayObject **op_in, npy_uint32 flags,
+                 NPY_ORDER order, NPY_CASTING casting,
+                 npy_uint32 *op_flags,
+                 PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes)
+{
+    return NpyIter_AdvancedNew(nop, op_in, flags, order, casting,
+                            op_flags, op_request_dtypes,
+                            -1, NULL, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+/*NUMPY_API
+ * Allocate a new iterator for one array object.
+ */
+NPY_NO_EXPORT NpyIter *
+NpyIter_New(PyArrayObject *op, npy_uint32 flags,
+                  NPY_ORDER order, NPY_CASTING casting,
+                  PyArray_Descr* dtype)
+{
+    /* Split the flags into separate global and op flags */
+    npy_uint32 op_flags = flags & NPY_ITER_PER_OP_FLAGS;
+    flags &= NPY_ITER_GLOBAL_FLAGS;
+
+    return NpyIter_AdvancedNew(1, &op, flags, order, casting,
+                            &op_flags, &dtype,
+                            -1, NULL, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+/*NUMPY_API
+ * Makes a copy of the iterator
+ */
+NPY_NO_EXPORT NpyIter *
+NpyIter_Copy(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+    int out_of_memory = 0;
+
+    npy_intp size;
+    NpyIter *newiter;
+    PyArrayObject **objects;
+    PyArray_Descr **dtypes;
+
+    /* Allocate memory for the new iterator */
+    size = NIT_SIZEOF_ITERATOR(itflags, ndim, nop);
+    newiter = (NpyIter*)PyObject_Malloc(size);
+
+    /* Copy the raw values to the new iterator */
+    memcpy(newiter, iter, size);
+
+    /* Take ownership of references to the operands and dtypes */
+    objects = NIT_OPERANDS(newiter);
+    dtypes = NIT_DTYPES(newiter);
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        Py_INCREF(objects[iop]);
+        Py_INCREF(dtypes[iop]);
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate buffers and make copies of the transfer data if necessary */
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        NpyIter_BufferData *bufferdata;
+        npy_intp buffersize, itemsize;
+        char **buffers;
+        NpyAuxData **readtransferdata, **writetransferdata;
+
+        bufferdata = NIT_BUFFERDATA(newiter);
+        buffers = NBF_BUFFERS(bufferdata);
+        readtransferdata = NBF_READTRANSFERDATA(bufferdata);
+        writetransferdata = NBF_WRITETRANSFERDATA(bufferdata);
+        buffersize = NBF_BUFFERSIZE(bufferdata);
+
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            if (buffers[iop] != NULL) {
+                if (out_of_memory) {
+                    buffers[iop] = NULL;
+                }
+                else {
+                    itemsize = dtypes[iop]->elsize;
+                    buffers[iop] = PyArray_malloc(itemsize*buffersize);
+                    if (buffers[iop] == NULL) {
+                        out_of_memory = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (readtransferdata[iop] != NULL) {
+                if (out_of_memory) {
+                    readtransferdata[iop] = NULL;
+                }
+                else {
+                    readtransferdata[iop] =
+                          NPY_AUXDATA_CLONE(readtransferdata[iop]);
+                    if (readtransferdata[iop] == NULL) {
+                        out_of_memory = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (writetransferdata[iop] != NULL) {
+                if (out_of_memory) {
+                    writetransferdata[iop] = NULL;
+                }
+                else {
+                    writetransferdata[iop] =
+                          NPY_AUXDATA_CLONE(writetransferdata[iop]);
+                    if (writetransferdata[iop] == NULL) {
+                        out_of_memory = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Initialize the buffers to the current iterindex */
+        if (!out_of_memory && NBF_SIZE(bufferdata) > 0) {
+            npyiter_goto_iterindex(newiter, NIT_ITERINDEX(newiter));
+
+            /* Prepare the next buffers and set iterend/size */
+            npyiter_copy_to_buffers(newiter, NULL);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (out_of_memory) {
+        NpyIter_Deallocate(newiter);
+        PyErr_NoMemory();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return newiter;
+}
+
+/*NUMPY_API
+ * Deallocate an iterator
+ */
+NPY_NO_EXPORT int
+NpyIter_Deallocate(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags;
+    /*int ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);*/
+    int iop, nop;
+    PyArray_Descr **dtype;
+    PyArrayObject **object;
+
+    if (iter == NULL) {
+        return NPY_SUCCEED;
+    }
+
+    itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+    dtype = NIT_DTYPES(iter);
+    object = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+
+    /* Deallocate any buffers and buffering data */
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        NpyIter_BufferData *bufferdata = NIT_BUFFERDATA(iter);
+        char **buffers;
+        NpyAuxData **transferdata;
+
+        /* buffers */
+        buffers = NBF_BUFFERS(bufferdata);
+        for(iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop, ++buffers) {
+            PyArray_free(*buffers);
+        }
+        /* read bufferdata */
+        transferdata = NBF_READTRANSFERDATA(bufferdata);
+        for(iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop, ++transferdata) {
+            if (*transferdata) {
+                NPY_AUXDATA_FREE(*transferdata);
+            }
+        }
+        /* write bufferdata */
+        transferdata = NBF_WRITETRANSFERDATA(bufferdata);
+        for(iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop, ++transferdata) {
+            if (*transferdata) {
+                NPY_AUXDATA_FREE(*transferdata);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Deallocate all the dtypes and objects that were iterated */
+    for(iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop, ++dtype, ++object) {
+        Py_XDECREF(*dtype);
+        Py_XDECREF(*object);
+    }
+
+    /* Deallocate the iterator memory */
+    PyObject_Free(iter);
+
+    return NPY_SUCCEED;
+}
+
+/* Checks 'flags' for (C|F)_ORDER_INDEX, MULTI_INDEX, and EXTERNAL_LOOP,
+ * setting the appropriate internal flags in 'itflags'.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on error.
+ */
+static int
+npyiter_check_global_flags(npy_uint32 flags, npy_uint32* itflags)
+{
+    if ((flags & NPY_ITER_PER_OP_FLAGS) != 0) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "A per-operand flag was passed as a global flag "
+                    "to the iterator constructor");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Check for an index */
+    if (flags & (NPY_ITER_C_INDEX | NPY_ITER_F_INDEX)) {
+        if ((flags & (NPY_ITER_C_INDEX | NPY_ITER_F_INDEX)) ==
+                    (NPY_ITER_C_INDEX | NPY_ITER_F_INDEX)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator flags C_INDEX and "
+                    "F_INDEX cannot both be specified");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_HASINDEX;
+    }
+    /* Check if a multi-index was requested */
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_MULTI_INDEX) {
+        /*
+         * This flag primarily disables dimension manipulations that
+         * would produce an incorrect multi-index.
+         */
+        (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_HASMULTIINDEX;
+    }
+    /* Check if the caller wants to handle inner iteration */
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_EXTERNAL_LOOP) {
+        if ((*itflags) & (NPY_ITFLAG_HASINDEX | NPY_ITFLAG_HASMULTIINDEX)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator flag EXTERNAL_LOOP cannot be used "
+                    "if an index or multi-index is being tracked");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_EXLOOP;
+    }
+    /* Ranged */
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_RANGED) {
+        (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_RANGE;
+        if ((flags & NPY_ITER_EXTERNAL_LOOP) &&
+                                    !(flags & NPY_ITER_BUFFERED)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator flag RANGED cannot be used with "
+                    "the flag EXTERNAL_LOOP unless "
+                    "BUFFERED is also enabled");
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    /* Buffering */
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_BUFFERED) {
+        (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER;
+        if (flags & NPY_ITER_GROWINNER) {
+            (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_GROWINNER;
+        }
+        if (flags & NPY_ITER_DELAY_BUFALLOC) {
+            (*itflags) |= NPY_ITFLAG_DELAYBUF;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+npyiter_check_op_axes(int nop, int oa_ndim, int **op_axes,
+                        npy_intp *itershape)
+{
+    char axes_dupcheck[NPY_MAXDIMS];
+    int iop, idim;
+
+    if (oa_ndim < 0) {
+        /*
+         * If `oa_ndim < 0`, `op_axes` and `itershape` are signalled to
+         * be unused and should be NULL. (Before NumPy 1.8 this was
+         * signalled by `oa_ndim == 0`.)
+         */
+        if (op_axes != NULL || itershape != NULL) {
+            PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "If 'op_axes' or 'itershape' is not NULL in the iterator "
+                    "constructor, 'oa_ndim' must be zero or greater");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (oa_ndim > NPY_MAXDIMS) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "Cannot construct an iterator with more than %d dimensions "
+                "(%d were requested for op_axes)",
+                (int)NPY_MAXDIMS, oa_ndim);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    if (op_axes == NULL) {
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "If 'oa_ndim' is zero or greater in the iterator "
+                "constructor, then op_axes cannot be NULL");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Check that there are no duplicates in op_axes */
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        int *axes = op_axes[iop];
+        if (axes != NULL) {
+            memset(axes_dupcheck, 0, NPY_MAXDIMS);
+            for (idim = 0; idim < oa_ndim; ++idim) {
+                npy_intp i = axes[idim];
+                if (i >= 0) {
+                    if (i >= NPY_MAXDIMS) {
+                        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                "The 'op_axes' provided to the iterator "
+                                "constructor for operand %d "
+                                "contained invalid "
+                                "values %d", (int)iop, (int)i);
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                    else if (axes_dupcheck[i] == 1) {
+                        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                "The 'op_axes' provided to the iterator "
+                                "constructor for operand %d "
+                                "contained duplicate "
+                                "value %d", (int)iop, (int)i);
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        axes_dupcheck[i] = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+npyiter_calculate_ndim(int nop, PyArrayObject **op_in,
+                       int oa_ndim)
+{
+    /* If 'op_axes' is being used, force 'ndim' */
+    if (oa_ndim >= 0 ) {
+        return oa_ndim;
+    }
+    /* Otherwise it's the maximum 'ndim' from the operands */
+    else {
+        int ndim = 0, iop;
+
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            if (op_in[iop] != NULL) {
+                int ondim = PyArray_NDIM(op_in[iop]);
+                if (ondim > ndim) {
+                    ndim = ondim;
+                }
+            }
+
+        }
+
+        return ndim;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Checks the per-operand input flags, and fills in op_itflags.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+npyiter_check_per_op_flags(npy_uint32 op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags)
+{
+    if ((op_flags & NPY_ITER_GLOBAL_FLAGS) != 0) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "A global iterator flag was passed as a per-operand flag "
+                    "to the iterator constructor");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Check the read/write flags */
+    if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_READONLY) {
+        /* The read/write flags are mutually exclusive */
+        if (op_flags & (NPY_ITER_READWRITE|NPY_ITER_WRITEONLY)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Only one of the iterator flags READWRITE, "
+                    "READONLY, and WRITEONLY may be "
+                    "specified for an operand");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        *op_itflags = NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ;
+    }
+    else if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_READWRITE) {
+        /* The read/write flags are mutually exclusive */
+        if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_WRITEONLY) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Only one of the iterator flags READWRITE, "
+                    "READONLY, and WRITEONLY may be "
+                    "specified for an operand");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        *op_itflags = NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ|NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE;
+    }
+    else if(op_flags & NPY_ITER_WRITEONLY) {
+        *op_itflags = NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE;
+    }
+    else {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "None of the iterator flags READWRITE, "
+                "READONLY, or WRITEONLY were "
+                "specified for an operand");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Check the flags for temporary copies */
+    if (((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) &&
+                (op_flags & (NPY_ITER_COPY |
+                           NPY_ITER_UPDATEIFCOPY)) == NPY_ITER_COPY) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "If an iterator operand is writeable, must use "
+                "the flag UPDATEIFCOPY instead of "
+                "COPY");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* Check the flag for a write masked operands */
+    if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_WRITEMASKED) {
+        if (!((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "The iterator flag WRITEMASKED may only "
+                "be used with READWRITE or WRITEONLY");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if ((op_flags & NPY_ITER_ARRAYMASK) != 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "The iterator flag WRITEMASKED may not "
+                "be used together with ARRAYMASK");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        *op_itflags |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED;
+    }
+
+    if ((op_flags & NPY_ITER_VIRTUAL) != 0) {
+        if ((op_flags & NPY_ITER_READWRITE) == 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "The iterator flag VIRTUAL should be "
+                "be used together with READWRITE");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        *op_itflags |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_VIRTUAL;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepares a a constructor operand.  Assumes a reference to 'op'
+ * is owned, and that 'op' may be replaced.  Fills in 'op_dataptr',
+ * 'op_dtype', and may modify 'op_itflags'.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+npyiter_prepare_one_operand(PyArrayObject **op,
+                        char **op_dataptr,
+                        PyArray_Descr *op_request_dtype,
+                        PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                        npy_uint32 flags,
+                        npy_uint32 op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags)
+{
+    /* NULL operands must be automatically allocated outputs */
+    if (*op == NULL) {
+        /* ALLOCATE or VIRTUAL should be enabled */
+        if ((op_flags & (NPY_ITER_ALLOCATE|NPY_ITER_VIRTUAL)) == 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator operand was NULL, but neither the "
+                    "ALLOCATE nor the VIRTUAL flag was specified");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_ALLOCATE) {
+            /* Writing should be enabled */
+            if (!((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                        "Automatic allocation was requested for an iterator "
+                        "operand, but it wasn't flagged for writing");
+                return 0;
+            }
+            /*
+             * Reading should be disabled if buffering is enabled without
+             * also enabling NPY_ITER_DELAY_BUFALLOC.  In all other cases,
+             * the caller may initialize the allocated operand to a value
+             * before beginning iteration.
+             */
+            if (((flags & (NPY_ITER_BUFFERED |
+                            NPY_ITER_DELAY_BUFALLOC)) == NPY_ITER_BUFFERED) &&
+                    ((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                        "Automatic allocation was requested for an iterator "
+                        "operand, and it was flagged as readable, but "
+                        "buffering  without delayed allocation was enabled");
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            /* If a requested dtype was provided, use it, otherwise NULL */
+            Py_XINCREF(op_request_dtype);
+            *op_dtype = op_request_dtype;
+        }
+        else {
+            *op_dtype = NULL;
+        }
+
+        /* Specify bool if no dtype was requested for the mask */
+        if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_ARRAYMASK) {
+            if (*op_dtype == NULL) {
+                *op_dtype = PyArray_DescrFromType(NPY_BOOL);
+                if (*op_dtype == NULL) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        *op_dataptr = NULL;
+
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /* VIRTUAL operands must be NULL */
+    if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_VIRTUAL) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "Iterator operand flag VIRTUAL was specified, "
+                "but the operand was not NULL");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+
+    if (PyArray_Check(*op)) {
+
+        if ((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE
+            && PyArray_FailUnlessWriteable(*op, "operand array with iterator "
+                                           "write flag set") < 0) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_ZEROSIZE_OK) && PyArray_SIZE(*op) == 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iteration of zero-sized operands is not enabled");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        *op_dataptr = PyArray_BYTES(*op);
+        /* PyArray_DESCR does not give us a reference */
+        *op_dtype = PyArray_DESCR(*op);
+        if (*op_dtype == NULL) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator input operand has no dtype descr");
+            return 0;
+        }
+        Py_INCREF(*op_dtype);
+        /*
+         * If references weren't specifically allowed, make sure there
+         * are no references in the inputs or requested dtypes.
+         */
+        if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_REFS_OK)) {
+            PyArray_Descr *dt = PyArray_DESCR(*op);
+            if (((dt->flags & (NPY_ITEM_REFCOUNT |
+                           NPY_ITEM_IS_POINTER)) != 0) ||
+                    (dt != *op_dtype &&
+                        (((*op_dtype)->flags & (NPY_ITEM_REFCOUNT |
+                                             NPY_ITEM_IS_POINTER))) != 0)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                        "Iterator operand or requested dtype holds "
+                        "references, but the REFS_OK flag was not enabled");
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+        /*
+         * Checking whether casts are valid is done later, once the
+         * final data types have been selected.  For now, just store the
+         * requested type.
+         */
+        if (op_request_dtype != NULL) {
+            /* We just have a borrowed reference to op_request_dtype */
+            Py_INCREF(op_request_dtype);
+            /* If the requested dtype is flexible, adapt it */
+            PyArray_AdaptFlexibleDType((PyObject *)(*op), PyArray_DESCR(*op),
+                                        &op_request_dtype);
+            if (op_request_dtype == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            /* Store the requested dtype */
+            Py_DECREF(*op_dtype);
+            *op_dtype = op_request_dtype;
+        }
+
+        /* Check if the operand is in the byte order requested */
+        if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_NBO) {
+            /* Check byte order */
+            if (!PyArray_ISNBO((*op_dtype)->byteorder)) {
+                PyArray_Descr *nbo_dtype;
+
+                /* Replace with a new descr which is in native byte order */
+                nbo_dtype = PyArray_DescrNewByteorder(*op_dtype, NPY_NATIVE);
+                Py_DECREF(*op_dtype);
+                *op_dtype = nbo_dtype;
+
+                NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Setting NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST "
+                                    "because of NPY_ITER_NBO\n");
+                /* Indicate that byte order or alignment needs fixing */
+                *op_itflags |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+            }
+        }
+        /* Check if the operand is aligned */
+        if (op_flags & NPY_ITER_ALIGNED) {
+            /* Check alignment */
+            if (!PyArray_ISALIGNED(*op)) {
+                NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Setting NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST "
+                                    "because of NPY_ITER_ALIGNED\n");
+                *op_itflags |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+            }
+        }
+        /*
+         * The check for NPY_ITER_CONTIG can only be done later,
+         * once the final iteration order is settled.
+         */
+    }
+    else {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "Iterator inputs must be ndarrays");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Process all the operands, copying new references so further processing
+ * can replace the arrays if copying is necessary.
+ */
+static int
+npyiter_prepare_operands(int nop, PyArrayObject **op_in,
+                    PyArrayObject **op,
+                    char **op_dataptr,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                    npy_uint32 flags,
+                    npy_uint32 *op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                    npy_int8 *out_maskop)
+{
+    int iop, i;
+    npy_int8 maskop = -1;
+    int any_writemasked_ops = 0;
+
+    /*
+     * Here we just prepare the provided operands.
+     */
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        op[iop] = op_in[iop];
+        Py_XINCREF(op[iop]);
+        op_dtype[iop] = NULL;
+
+        /* Check the readonly/writeonly flags, and fill in op_itflags */
+        if (!npyiter_check_per_op_flags(op_flags[iop], &op_itflags[iop])) {
+            goto fail_iop;
+        }
+
+        /* Extract the operand which is for masked iteration */
+        if ((op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_ARRAYMASK) != 0) {
+            if (maskop != -1) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                        "Only one iterator operand may receive an "
+                        "ARRAYMASK flag");
+                goto fail_iop;
+            }
+
+            maskop = iop;
+            *out_maskop = iop;
+        }
+
+        if (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_WRITEMASKED) {
+            any_writemasked_ops = 1;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * Prepare the operand.  This produces an op_dtype[iop] reference
+         * on success.
+         */
+        if (!npyiter_prepare_one_operand(&op[iop],
+                        &op_dataptr[iop],
+                        op_request_dtypes ? op_request_dtypes[iop] : NULL,
+                        &op_dtype[iop],
+                        flags,
+                        op_flags[iop], &op_itflags[iop])) {
+            goto fail_iop;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If all the operands were NULL, it's an error */
+    if (op[0] == NULL) {
+        int all_null = 1;
+        for (iop = 1; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            if (op[iop] != NULL) {
+                all_null = 0;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (all_null) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "At least one iterator operand must be non-NULL");
+            goto fail_nop;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (any_writemasked_ops && maskop < 0) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "An iterator operand was flagged as WRITEMASKED, "
+                "but no ARRAYMASK operand was given to supply "
+                "the mask");
+        goto fail_nop;
+    }
+    else if (!any_writemasked_ops && maskop >= 0) {
+        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                "An iterator operand was flagged as the ARRAYMASK, "
+                "but no WRITEMASKED operands were given to use "
+                "the mask");
+        goto fail_nop;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+
+  fail_nop:
+    iop = nop;
+  fail_iop:
+    for (i = 0; i < iop; ++i) {
+        Py_XDECREF(op[i]);
+        Py_XDECREF(op_dtype[i]);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static const char *
+npyiter_casting_to_string(NPY_CASTING casting)
+{
+    switch (casting) {
+        case NPY_NO_CASTING:
+            return "'no'";
+        case NPY_EQUIV_CASTING:
+            return "'equiv'";
+        case NPY_SAFE_CASTING:
+            return "'safe'";
+        case NPY_SAME_KIND_CASTING:
+            return "'same_kind'";
+        case NPY_UNSAFE_CASTING:
+            return "'unsafe'";
+        default:
+            return "<unknown>";
+    }
+}
+
+
+static int
+npyiter_check_casting(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                    NPY_CASTING casting,
+                    npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags)
+{
+    int iop;
+
+    for(iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT1("Iterator: Checking casting for operand %d\n",
+                            (int)iop);
+#if NPY_IT_DBG_TRACING
+        printf("op: ");
+        if (op[iop] != NULL) {
+            PyObject_Print((PyObject *)PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]), stdout, 0);
+        }
+        else {
+            printf("<null>");
+        }
+        printf(", iter: ");
+        PyObject_Print((PyObject *)op_dtype[iop], stdout, 0);
+        printf("\n");
+#endif
+        /* If the types aren't equivalent, a cast is necessary */
+        if (op[iop] != NULL && !PyArray_EquivTypes(PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]),
+                                                     op_dtype[iop])) {
+            /* Check read (op -> temp) casting */
+            if ((op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ) &&
+                        !PyArray_CanCastArrayTo(op[iop],
+                                          op_dtype[iop],
+                                          casting)) {
+                PyObject *errmsg;
+                errmsg = PyUString_FromFormat(
+                        "Iterator operand %d dtype could not be cast from ",
+                        (int)iop);
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyObject_Repr((PyObject *)PyArray_DESCR(op[iop])));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyUString_FromString(" to "));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyObject_Repr((PyObject *)op_dtype[iop]));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyUString_FromFormat(" according to the rule %s",
+                                npyiter_casting_to_string(casting)));
+                PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_TypeError, errmsg);
+                Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                return 0;
+            }
+            /* Check write (temp -> op) casting */
+            if ((op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) &&
+                        !PyArray_CanCastTypeTo(op_dtype[iop],
+                                          PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]),
+                                          casting)) {
+                PyObject *errmsg;
+                errmsg = PyUString_FromString(
+                        "Iterator requested dtype could not be cast from ");
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyObject_Repr((PyObject *)op_dtype[iop]));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyUString_FromString(" to "));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyObject_Repr((PyObject *)PyArray_DESCR(op[iop])));
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg,
+                        PyUString_FromFormat(", the operand %d dtype, "
+                                "according to the rule %s",
+                                (int)iop,
+                                npyiter_casting_to_string(casting)));
+                PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_TypeError, errmsg);
+                Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Setting NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST "
+                                "because the types aren't equivalent\n");
+            /* Indicate that this operand needs casting */
+            op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Checks that the mask broadcasts to the WRITEMASK REDUCE
+ * operand 'iop', but 'iop' never broadcasts to the mask.
+ * If 'iop' broadcasts to the mask, the result would be more
+ * than one mask value per reduction element, something which
+ * is invalid.
+ *
+ * This check should only be called after all the operands
+ * have been filled in.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on error.
+ */
+static int
+check_mask_for_writemasked_reduction(NpyIter *iter, int iop)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+    int maskop = NIT_MASKOP(iter);
+
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata;
+
+    axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+
+    for(idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+        npy_intp maskstride, istride;
+
+        istride = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop];
+        maskstride = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[maskop];
+
+        /*
+         * If 'iop' is being broadcast to 'maskop', we have
+         * the invalid situation described above.
+         */
+        if (maskstride != 0 && istride == 0) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                    "Iterator reduction operand is WRITEMASKED, "
+                    "but also broadcasts to multiple mask values. "
+                    "There can be only one mask value per WRITEMASKED "
+                    "element.");
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Fills in the AXISDATA for the 'nop' operands, broadcasting
+ * the dimensionas as necessary.  Also fills
+ * in the ITERSIZE data member.
+ *
+ * If op_axes is not NULL, it should point to an array of ndim-sized
+ * arrays, one for each op.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
+ */
+static int
+npyiter_fill_axisdata(NpyIter *iter, npy_uint32 flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                    char **op_dataptr,
+                    npy_uint32 *op_flags, int **op_axes,
+                    npy_intp *itershape)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+    int maskop = NIT_MASKOP(iter);
+
+    int ondim;
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata;
+    PyArrayObject **op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter), *op_cur;
+    npy_intp broadcast_shape[NPY_MAXDIMS];
+
+    /* First broadcast the shapes together */
+    if (itershape == NULL) {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+            broadcast_shape[idim] = 1;
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+            broadcast_shape[idim] = itershape[idim];
+            /* Negative shape entries are deduced from the operands */
+            if (broadcast_shape[idim] < 0) {
+                broadcast_shape[idim] = 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        op_cur = op[iop];
+        if (op_cur != NULL) {
+            npy_intp *shape = PyArray_DIMS(op_cur);
+            ondim = PyArray_NDIM(op_cur);
+
+            if (op_axes == NULL || op_axes[iop] == NULL) {
+                /*
+                 * Possible if op_axes are being used, but
+                 * op_axes[iop] is NULL
+                 */
+                if (ondim > ndim) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                            "input operand has more dimensions than allowed "
+                            "by the axis remapping");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                for (idim = 0; idim < ondim; ++idim) {
+                    npy_intp bshape = broadcast_shape[idim+ndim-ondim],
+                                      op_shape = shape[idim];
+                    if (bshape == 1) {
+                        broadcast_shape[idim+ndim-ondim] = op_shape;
+                    }
+                    else if (bshape != op_shape && op_shape != 1) {
+                        goto broadcast_error;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                int *axes = op_axes[iop];
+                for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+                    int i = axes[idim];
+                    if (i >= 0) {
+                        if (i < ondim) {
+                            npy_intp bshape = broadcast_shape[idim],
+                                              op_shape = shape[i];
+                            if (bshape == 1) {
+                                broadcast_shape[idim] = op_shape;
+                            }
+                            else if (bshape != op_shape && op_shape != 1) {
+                                goto broadcast_error;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                    "Iterator input op_axes[%d][%d] (==%d) "
+                                    "is not a valid axis of op[%d], which "
+                                    "has %d dimensions ",
+                                    (int)iop, (int)(ndim-idim-1), (int)i,
+                                    (int)iop, (int)ondim);
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /*
+     * If a shape was provided with a 1 entry, make sure that entry didn't
+     * get expanded by broadcasting.
+     */
+    if (itershape != NULL) {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+            if (itershape[idim] == 1 && broadcast_shape[idim] != 1) {
+                goto broadcast_error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+
+    if (ndim == 0) {
+        /* Need to fill the first axisdata, even if the iterator is 0-d */
+        NAD_SHAPE(axisdata) = 1;
+        NAD_INDEX(axisdata) = 0;
+        memcpy(NAD_PTRS(axisdata), op_dataptr, NPY_SIZEOF_INTP*nop);
+        memset(NAD_STRIDES(axisdata), 0, NPY_SIZEOF_INTP*nop);
+    }
+
+    /* Now process the operands, filling in the axisdata */
+    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+        npy_intp bshape = broadcast_shape[ndim-idim-1];
+        npy_intp *strides = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata);
+
+        NAD_SHAPE(axisdata) = bshape;
+        NAD_INDEX(axisdata) = 0;
+        memcpy(NAD_PTRS(axisdata), op_dataptr, NPY_SIZEOF_INTP*nop);
+
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            op_cur = op[iop];
+
+            if (op_axes == NULL || op_axes[iop] == NULL) {
+                if (op_cur == NULL) {
+                    strides[iop] = 0;
+                }
+                else {
+                    ondim = PyArray_NDIM(op_cur);
+                    if (bshape == 1) {
+                        strides[iop] = 0;
+                        if (idim >= ondim &&
+                                    (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_NO_BROADCAST)) {
+                            goto operand_different_than_broadcast;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (idim >= ondim ||
+                                    PyArray_DIM(op_cur, ondim-idim-1) == 1) {
+                        strides[iop] = 0;
+                        if (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_NO_BROADCAST) {
+                            goto operand_different_than_broadcast;
+                        }
+                        /* If it's writeable, this means a reduction */
+                        if (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) {
+                            if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_REDUCE_OK)) {
+                                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                        "output operand requires a "
+                                        "reduction, but reduction is "
+                                        "not enabled");
+                                return 0;
+                            }
+                            if (!(op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ)) {
+                                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                        "output operand requires a "
+                                        "reduction, but is flagged as "
+                                        "write-only, not read-write");
+                                return 0;
+                            }
+                            /*
+                             * The ARRAYMASK can't be a reduction, because
+                             * it would be possible to write back to the
+                             * array once when the ARRAYMASK says 'True',
+                             * then have the reduction on the ARRAYMASK
+                             * later flip to 'False', indicating that the
+                             * write back should never have been done,
+                             * and violating the strict masking semantics
+                             */
+                            if (iop == maskop) {
+                                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                        "output operand requires a "
+                                        "reduction, but is flagged as "
+                                        "the ARRAYMASK operand which "
+                                        "is not permitted to be the "
+                                        "result of a reduction");
+                                return 0;
+                            }
+
+                            NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                            op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        strides[iop] = PyArray_STRIDE(op_cur, ondim-idim-1);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                int *axes = op_axes[iop];
+                int i = axes[ndim-idim-1];
+                if (i >= 0) {
+                    if (bshape == 1 || op_cur == NULL) {
+                        strides[iop] = 0;
+                    }
+                    else if (PyArray_DIM(op_cur, i) == 1) {
+                        strides[iop] = 0;
+                        if (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_NO_BROADCAST) {
+                            goto operand_different_than_broadcast;
+                        }
+                        /* If it's writeable, this means a reduction */
+                        if (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) {
+                            if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_REDUCE_OK)) {
+                                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                        "output operand requires a reduction, but "
+                                        "reduction is not enabled");
+                                return 0;
+                            }
+                            if (!(op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ)) {
+                                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                        "output operand requires a reduction, but "
+                                        "is flagged as write-only, not "
+                                        "read-write");
+                                return 0;
+                            }
+                            NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                            op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        strides[iop] = PyArray_STRIDE(op_cur, i);
+                    }
+                }
+                else if (bshape == 1) {
+                    strides[iop] = 0;
+                }
+                else {
+                    strides[iop] = 0;
+                    /* If it's writeable, this means a reduction */
+                    if (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) {
+                        if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_REDUCE_OK)) {
+                            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                    "output operand requires a reduction, but "
+                                    "reduction is not enabled");
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                        if (!(op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ)) {
+                            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                    "output operand requires a reduction, but "
+                                    "is flagged as write-only, not "
+                                    "read-write");
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                        op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+    }
+
+    /* Now fill in the ITERSIZE member */
+    NIT_ITERSIZE(iter) = 1;
+    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+        if (npy_mul_with_overflow_intp(&NIT_ITERSIZE(iter),
+                    NIT_ITERSIZE(iter), broadcast_shape[idim])) {
+            if ((itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_HASMULTIINDEX) &&
+                    !(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_HASINDEX) &&
+                    !(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER)) {
+                /*
+                 * If RemoveAxis may be called, the size check is delayed
+                 * until either the multi index is removed, or GetIterNext
+                 * is called.
+                 */
+                NIT_ITERSIZE(iter) = -1;
+                break;
+            }
+            else {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "iterator is too large");
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /* The range defaults to everything */
+    NIT_ITERSTART(iter) = 0;
+    NIT_ITEREND(iter) = NIT_ITERSIZE(iter);
+
+    return 1;
+
+broadcast_error: {
+        PyObject *errmsg, *tmp;
+        npy_intp remdims[NPY_MAXDIMS];
+        char *tmpstr;
+
+        if (op_axes == NULL) {
+            errmsg = PyUString_FromString("operands could not be broadcast "
+                                          "together with shapes ");
+            if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+                if (op[iop] != NULL) {
+                    tmp = convert_shape_to_string(PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]),
+                                                    PyArray_DIMS(op[iop]),
+                                                    " ");
+                    if (tmp == NULL) {
+                        Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                    PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                    if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (itershape != NULL) {
+                tmp = PyUString_FromString("and requested shape ");
+                if (tmp == NULL) {
+                    Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+                tmp = convert_shape_to_string(ndim, itershape, "");
+                if (tmp == NULL) {
+                    Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+            }
+            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_ValueError, errmsg);
+            Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+        }
+        else {
+            errmsg = PyUString_FromString("operands could not be broadcast "
+                                          "together with remapped shapes "
+                                          "[original->remapped]: ");
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+                if (op[iop] != NULL) {
+                    int *axes = op_axes[iop];
+
+                    tmpstr = (axes == NULL) ? " " : "->";
+                    tmp = convert_shape_to_string(PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]),
+                                                    PyArray_DIMS(op[iop]),
+                                                    tmpstr);
+                    if (tmp == NULL) {
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+                    PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                    if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                        return 0;
+                    }
+
+                    if (axes != NULL) {
+                        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+                            npy_intp i = axes[idim];
+
+                            if (i >= 0 && i < PyArray_NDIM(op[iop])) {
+                                remdims[idim] = PyArray_DIM(op[iop], i);
+                            }
+                            else {
+                                remdims[idim] = -1;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        tmp = convert_shape_to_string(ndim, remdims, " ");
+                        if (tmp == NULL) {
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                        PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                        if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                            return 0;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (itershape != NULL) {
+                tmp = PyUString_FromString("and requested shape ");
+                if (tmp == NULL) {
+                    Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+                tmp = convert_shape_to_string(ndim, itershape, "");
+                if (tmp == NULL) {
+                    Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+                PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+                if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+            }
+            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_ValueError, errmsg);
+            Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+operand_different_than_broadcast: {
+        npy_intp remdims[NPY_MAXDIMS];
+        PyObject *errmsg, *tmp;
+
+        /* Start of error message */
+        if (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_READONLY) {
+            errmsg = PyUString_FromString("non-broadcastable operand "
+                                          "with shape ");
+        }
+        else {
+            errmsg = PyUString_FromString("non-broadcastable output "
+                                          "operand with shape ");
+        }
+        if (errmsg == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Operand shape */
+        tmp = convert_shape_to_string(PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]),
+                                        PyArray_DIMS(op[iop]), "");
+        if (tmp == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+        if (errmsg == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        /* Remapped operand shape */
+        if (op_axes != NULL && op_axes[iop] != NULL) {
+            int *axes = op_axes[iop];
+
+            for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+                npy_intp i = axes[ndim-idim-1];
+
+                if (i >= 0 && i < PyArray_NDIM(op[iop])) {
+                    remdims[idim] = PyArray_DIM(op[iop], i);
+                }
+                else {
+                    remdims[idim] = -1;
+                }
+            }
+
+            tmp = PyUString_FromString(" [remapped to ");
+            if (tmp == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+            if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            tmp = convert_shape_to_string(ndim, remdims, "]");
+            if (tmp == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+            if (errmsg == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        tmp = PyUString_FromString(" doesn't match the broadcast shape ");
+        if (tmp == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+        if (errmsg == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        /* Broadcast shape */
+        tmp = convert_shape_to_string(ndim, broadcast_shape, "");
+        if (tmp == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&errmsg, tmp);
+        if (errmsg == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_ValueError, errmsg);
+        Py_DECREF(errmsg);
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Replaces the AXISDATA for the iop'th operand, broadcasting
+ * the dimensions as necessary.  Assumes the replacement array is
+ * exactly the same shape as the original array used when
+ * npy_fill_axisdata was called.
+ *
+ * If op_axes is not NULL, it should point to an ndim-sized
+ * array.
+ */
+static void
+npyiter_replace_axisdata(NpyIter *iter, int iop,
+                      PyArrayObject *op,
+                      int op_ndim, char *op_dataptr,
+                      int *op_axes)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata0, *axisdata;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata;
+    npy_int8 *perm;
+    npy_intp baseoffset = 0;
+
+    perm = NIT_PERM(iter);
+    axisdata0 = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+
+    /*
+     * Replace just the strides which were non-zero, and compute
+     * the base data address.
+     */
+    axisdata = axisdata0;
+
+    if (op_axes != NULL) {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            npy_int8 p;
+            int i;
+            npy_intp shape;
+
+            /* Apply the perm to get the original axis */
+            p = perm[idim];
+            if (p < 0) {
+                i = op_axes[ndim+p];
+            }
+            else {
+                i = op_axes[ndim-p-1];
+            }
+
+            if (0 <= i && i < op_ndim) {
+                shape = PyArray_DIM(op, i);
+                if (shape != 1) {
+                    npy_intp stride = PyArray_STRIDE(op, i);
+                    if (p < 0) {
+                        /* If the perm entry is negative, flip the axis */
+                        NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop] = -stride;
+                        baseoffset += stride*(shape-1);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop] = stride;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            npy_int8 p;
+            int i;
+            npy_intp shape;
+
+            /* Apply the perm to get the original axis */
+            p = perm[idim];
+            if (p < 0) {
+                i = op_ndim+p;
+            }
+            else {
+                i = op_ndim-p-1;
+            }
+
+            if (i >= 0) {
+                shape = PyArray_DIM(op, i);
+                if (shape != 1) {
+                    npy_intp stride = PyArray_STRIDE(op, i);
+                    if (p < 0) {
+                        /* If the perm entry is negative, flip the axis */
+                        NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop] = -stride;
+                        baseoffset += stride*(shape-1);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop] = stride;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    op_dataptr += baseoffset;
+
+    /* Now the base data pointer is calculated, set it everywhere it's needed */
+    NIT_RESETDATAPTR(iter)[iop] = op_dataptr;
+    NIT_BASEOFFSETS(iter)[iop] = baseoffset;
+    axisdata = axisdata0;
+    /* Fill at least one axisdata, for the 0-d case */
+    NAD_PTRS(axisdata)[iop] = op_dataptr;
+    NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+    for (idim = 1; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+        NAD_PTRS(axisdata)[iop] = op_dataptr;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Computes the iterator's index strides and initializes the index values
+ * to zero.
+ *
+ * This must be called before the axes (i.e. the AXISDATA array) may
+ * be reordered.
+ */
+static void
+npyiter_compute_index_strides(NpyIter *iter, npy_uint32 flags)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_intp indexstride;
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata;
+
+    /*
+     * If there is only one element being iterated, we just have
+     * to touch the first AXISDATA because nothing will ever be
+     * incremented. This also initializes the data for the 0-d case.
+     */
+    if (NIT_ITERSIZE(iter) == 1) {
+        if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_HASINDEX) {
+            axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+            NAD_PTRS(axisdata)[nop] = 0;
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (flags & NPY_ITER_C_INDEX) {
+        sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+        axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+        indexstride = 1;
+        for(idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            npy_intp shape = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+
+            if (shape == 1) {
+                NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[nop] = 0;
+            }
+            else {
+                NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[nop] = indexstride;
+            }
+            NAD_PTRS(axisdata)[nop] = 0;
+            indexstride *= shape;
+        }
+    }
+    else if (flags & NPY_ITER_F_INDEX) {
+        sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+        axisdata = NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(NIT_AXISDATA(iter), ndim-1);
+        indexstride = 1;
+        for(idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, -1)) {
+            npy_intp shape = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+
+            if (shape == 1) {
+                NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[nop] = 0;
+            }
+            else {
+                NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[nop] = indexstride;
+            }
+            NAD_PTRS(axisdata)[nop] = 0;
+            indexstride *= shape;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * If the order is NPY_KEEPORDER, lets the iterator find the best
+ * iteration order, otherwise forces it.  Indicates in the itflags that
+ * whether the iteration order was forced.
+ */
+static void
+npyiter_apply_forced_iteration_order(NpyIter *iter, NPY_ORDER order)
+{
+    /*npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);*/
+    int ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    switch (order) {
+    case NPY_CORDER:
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_FORCEDORDER;
+        break;
+    case NPY_FORTRANORDER:
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_FORCEDORDER;
+        /* Only need to actually do something if there is more than 1 dim */
+        if (ndim > 1) {
+            npyiter_reverse_axis_ordering(iter);
+        }
+        break;
+    case NPY_ANYORDER:
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_FORCEDORDER;
+        /* Only need to actually do something if there is more than 1 dim */
+        if (ndim > 1) {
+            PyArrayObject **op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+            int forder = 1;
+
+            /* Check that all the array inputs are fortran order */
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop, ++op) {
+                if (*op && !PyArray_CHKFLAGS(*op, NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS)) {
+                   forder = 0;
+                   break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (forder) {
+                npyiter_reverse_axis_ordering(iter);
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    case NPY_KEEPORDER:
+        /* Don't set the forced order flag here... */
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function negates any strides in the iterator
+ * which are negative.  When iterating more than one
+ * object, it only flips strides when they are all
+ * negative or zero.
+ */
+static void
+npyiter_flip_negative_strides(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_intp istrides, nstrides = NAD_NSTRIDES();
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata, *axisdata0;
+    npy_intp *baseoffsets;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+    int any_flipped = 0;
+
+    axisdata0 = axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    baseoffsets = NIT_BASEOFFSETS(iter);
+    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+        npy_intp *strides = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata);
+        int any_negative = 0;
+
+        /*
+         * Check the signs of all the operand strides.
+         */
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            if (strides[iop] < 0) {
+                any_negative = 1;
+            }
+            else if (strides[iop] != 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        /*
+         * If at least one stride is negative and none are positive,
+         * flip all the strides for this dimension.
+         */
+        if (any_negative && iop == nop) {
+            npy_intp shapem1 = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata) - 1;
+
+            for (istrides = 0; istrides < nstrides; ++istrides) {
+                npy_intp stride = strides[istrides];
+
+                /* Adjust the base pointers to start at the end */
+                baseoffsets[istrides] += shapem1 * stride;
+                /* Flip the stride */
+                strides[istrides] = -stride;
+            }
+            /*
+             * Make the perm entry negative so get_multi_index
+             * knows it's flipped
+             */
+            NIT_PERM(iter)[idim] = -1-NIT_PERM(iter)[idim];
+
+            any_flipped = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If any strides were flipped, the base pointers were adjusted
+     * in the first AXISDATA, and need to be copied to all the rest
+     */
+    if (any_flipped) {
+        char **resetdataptr = NIT_RESETDATAPTR(iter);
+
+        for (istrides = 0; istrides < nstrides; ++istrides) {
+            resetdataptr[istrides] += baseoffsets[istrides];
+        }
+        axisdata = axisdata0;
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            char **ptrs = NAD_PTRS(axisdata);
+            for (istrides = 0; istrides < nstrides; ++istrides) {
+                ptrs[istrides] = resetdataptr[istrides];
+            }
+        }
+        /*
+         * Indicate that some of the perm entries are negative,
+         * and that it's not (strictly speaking) the identity perm.
+         */
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) = (NIT_ITFLAGS(iter)|NPY_ITFLAG_NEGPERM) &
+                            ~NPY_ITFLAG_IDENTPERM;
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+npyiter_reverse_axis_ordering(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_intp i, temp, size;
+    npy_intp *first, *last;
+    npy_int8 *perm;
+
+    size = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop)/NPY_SIZEOF_INTP;
+    first = (npy_intp*)NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    last = first + (ndim-1)*size;
+
+    /* This loop reverses the order of the AXISDATA array */
+    while (first < last) {
+        for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+            temp = first[i];
+            first[i] = last[i];
+            last[i] = temp;
+        }
+        first += size;
+        last -= size;
+    }
+
+    /* Store the perm we applied */
+    perm = NIT_PERM(iter);
+    for(i = ndim-1; i >= 0; --i, ++perm) {
+        *perm = (npy_int8)i;
+    }
+
+    NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) &= ~NPY_ITFLAG_IDENTPERM;
+}
+
+static NPY_INLINE npy_intp
+intp_abs(npy_intp x)
+{
+    return (x < 0) ? -x : x;
+}
+
+static void
+npyiter_find_best_axis_ordering(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_intp ax_i0, ax_i1, ax_ipos;
+    npy_int8 ax_j0, ax_j1;
+    npy_int8 *perm;
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+    int permuted = 0;
+
+    perm = NIT_PERM(iter);
+
+    /*
+     * Do a custom stable insertion sort.  Note that because
+     * the AXISDATA has been reversed from C order, this
+     * is sorting from smallest stride to biggest stride.
+     */
+    for (ax_i0 = 1; ax_i0 < ndim; ++ax_i0) {
+        npy_intp *strides0;
+
+        /* 'ax_ipos' is where perm[ax_i0] will get inserted */
+        ax_ipos = ax_i0;
+        ax_j0 = perm[ax_i0];
+
+        strides0 = NAD_STRIDES(NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(axisdata, ax_j0));
+        for (ax_i1 = ax_i0-1; ax_i1 >= 0; --ax_i1) {
+            int ambig = 1, shouldswap = 0;
+            npy_intp *strides1;
+
+            ax_j1 = perm[ax_i1];
+
+            strides1 = NAD_STRIDES(NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(axisdata, ax_j1));
+
+            for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+                if (strides0[iop] != 0 && strides1[iop] != 0) {
+                    if (intp_abs(strides1[iop]) <=
+                                            intp_abs(strides0[iop])) {
+                        /*
+                         * Set swap even if it's not ambiguous already,
+                         * because in the case of conflicts between
+                         * different operands, C-order wins.
+                         */
+                        shouldswap = 0;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        /* Only set swap if it's still ambiguous */
+                        if (ambig) {
+                            shouldswap = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    /*
+                     * A comparison has been done, so it's
+                     * no longer ambiguous
+                     */
+                    ambig = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            /*
+             * If the comparison was unambiguous, either shift
+             * 'ax_ipos' to 'ax_i1' or stop looking for an insertion
+             * point
+             */
+            if (!ambig) {
+                if (shouldswap) {
+                    ax_ipos = ax_i1;
+                }
+                else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Insert perm[ax_i0] into the right place */
+        if (ax_ipos != ax_i0) {
+            for (ax_i1 = ax_i0; ax_i1 > ax_ipos; --ax_i1) {
+                perm[ax_i1] = perm[ax_i1-1];
+            }
+            perm[ax_ipos] = ax_j0;
+            permuted = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* Apply the computed permutation to the AXISDATA array */
+    if (permuted == 1) {
+        npy_intp i, size = sizeof_axisdata/NPY_SIZEOF_INTP;
+        NpyIter_AxisData *ad_i;
+
+        /* Use the index as a flag, set each to 1 */
+        ad_i = axisdata;
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(ad_i, 1)) {
+            NAD_INDEX(ad_i) = 1;
+        }
+        /* Apply the permutation by following the cycles */
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+            ad_i = NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(axisdata, idim);
+
+            /* If this axis hasn't been touched yet, process it */
+            if (NAD_INDEX(ad_i) == 1) {
+                npy_int8 pidim = perm[idim];
+                npy_intp tmp;
+                NpyIter_AxisData *ad_p, *ad_q;
+
+                if (pidim != idim) {
+                    /* Follow the cycle, copying the data */
+                    for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+                        pidim = perm[idim];
+                        ad_q = ad_i;
+                        tmp = *((npy_intp*)ad_q + i);
+                        while (pidim != idim) {
+                            ad_p = NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(axisdata, pidim);
+                            *((npy_intp*)ad_q + i) = *((npy_intp*)ad_p + i);
+
+                            ad_q = ad_p;
+                            pidim = perm[(int)pidim];
+                        }
+                        *((npy_intp*)ad_q + i) = tmp;
+                    }
+                    /* Follow the cycle again, marking it as done */
+                    pidim = perm[idim];
+
+                    while (pidim != idim) {
+                        NAD_INDEX(NIT_INDEX_AXISDATA(axisdata, pidim)) = 0;
+                        pidim = perm[(int)pidim];
+                    }
+                }
+                NAD_INDEX(ad_i) = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        /* Clear the identity perm flag */
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) &= ~NPY_ITFLAG_IDENTPERM;
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculates a dtype that all the types can be promoted to, using the
+ * ufunc rules.  If only_inputs is 1, it leaves any operands that
+ * are not read from out of the calculation.
+ */
+static PyArray_Descr *
+npyiter_get_common_dtype(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                        npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags, PyArray_Descr **op_dtype,
+                        PyArray_Descr **op_request_dtypes,
+                        int only_inputs)
+{
+    int iop;
+    npy_intp narrs = 0, ndtypes = 0;
+    PyArrayObject *arrs[NPY_MAXARGS];
+    PyArray_Descr *dtypes[NPY_MAXARGS];
+    PyArray_Descr *ret;
+
+    NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Getting a common data type from operands\n");
+
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        if (op_dtype[iop] != NULL &&
+                    (!only_inputs || (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ))) {
+            /* If no dtype was requested and the op is a scalar, pass the op */
+            if ((op_request_dtypes == NULL ||
+                            op_request_dtypes[iop] == NULL) &&
+                                            PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]) == 0) {
+                arrs[narrs++] = op[iop];
+            }
+            /* Otherwise just pass in the dtype */
+            else {
+                dtypes[ndtypes++] = op_dtype[iop];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (narrs == 0) {
+        npy_intp i;
+        ret = dtypes[0];
+        for (i = 1; i < ndtypes; ++i) {
+            if (ret != dtypes[i])
+                break;
+        }
+        if (i == ndtypes) {
+            if (ndtypes == 1 || PyArray_ISNBO(ret->byteorder)) {
+                Py_INCREF(ret);
+            }
+            else {
+                ret = PyArray_DescrNewByteorder(ret, NPY_NATIVE);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            ret = PyArray_ResultType(narrs, arrs, ndtypes, dtypes);
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        ret = PyArray_ResultType(narrs, arrs, ndtypes, dtypes);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocates a temporary array which can be used to replace op
+ * in the iteration.  Its dtype will be op_dtype.
+ *
+ * The result array has a memory ordering which matches the iterator,
+ * which may or may not match that of op.  The parameter 'shape' may be
+ * NULL, in which case it is filled in from the iterator's shape.
+ *
+ * This function must be called before any axes are coalesced.
+ */
+static PyArrayObject *
+npyiter_new_temp_array(NpyIter *iter, PyTypeObject *subtype,
+                npy_uint32 flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                int op_ndim, npy_intp *shape,
+                PyArray_Descr *op_dtype, int *op_axes)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_int8 *perm = NIT_PERM(iter);
+    npy_intp new_shape[NPY_MAXDIMS], strides[NPY_MAXDIMS],
+             stride = op_dtype->elsize;
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata;
+    npy_intp sizeof_axisdata;
+    npy_intp i;
+
+    PyArrayObject *ret;
+
+    /*
+     * There is an interaction with array-dtypes here, which
+     * generally works. Let's say you make an nditer with an
+     * output dtype of a 2-double array. All-scalar inputs
+     * will result in a 1-dimensional output with shape (2).
+     * Everything still works out in the nditer, because the
+     * new dimension is always added on the end, and it cares
+     * about what happens at the beginning.
+     */
+
+    /* If it's a scalar, don't need to check the axes */
+    if (op_ndim == 0) {
+        Py_INCREF(op_dtype);
+        ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(subtype, op_dtype, 0,
+                               NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
+
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    sizeof_axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+
+    /* Initialize the strides to invalid values */
+    for (i = 0; i < NPY_MAXDIMS; ++i) {
+        strides[i] = NPY_MAX_INTP;
+    }
+
+    if (op_axes != NULL) {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            npy_int8 p;
+
+            /* Apply the perm to get the original axis */
+            p = perm[idim];
+            if (p < 0) {
+                i = op_axes[ndim+p];
+            }
+            else {
+                i = op_axes[ndim-p-1];
+            }
+
+            if (i >= 0) {
+                NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT3("Iterator: Setting allocated stride %d "
+                                    "for iterator dimension %d to %d\n", (int)i,
+                                    (int)idim, (int)stride);
+                strides[i] = stride;
+                if (shape == NULL) {
+                    new_shape[i] = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+                    stride *= new_shape[i];
+                    if (i >= ndim) {
+                        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                "automatically allocated output array "
+                                "specified with an inconsistent axis mapping");
+                        return NULL;
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    stride *= shape[i];
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                if (shape == NULL) {
+                    /*
+                     * If deleting this axis produces a reduction, but
+                     * reduction wasn't enabled, throw an error
+                     */
+                    if (NAD_SHAPE(axisdata) != 1) {
+                        if (!(flags & NPY_ITER_REDUCE_OK)) {
+                            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                    "output requires a reduction, but "
+                                    "reduction is not enabled");
+                            return NULL;
+                        }
+                        if (!((*op_itflags) & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ)) {
+                            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                                    "output requires a reduction, but "
+                                    "is flagged as write-only, not read-write");
+                            return NULL;
+                        }
+
+                        NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Indicating that a "
+                                          "reduction is occurring\n");
+                        /* Indicate that a reduction is occurring */
+                        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                        (*op_itflags) |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim, NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1)) {
+            npy_int8 p;
+
+            /* Apply the perm to get the original axis */
+            p = perm[idim];
+            if (p < 0) {
+                i = op_ndim + p;
+            }
+            else {
+                i = op_ndim - p - 1;
+            }
+
+            if (i >= 0) {
+                NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT3("Iterator: Setting allocated stride %d "
+                                    "for iterator dimension %d to %d\n", (int)i,
+                                    (int)idim, (int)stride);
+                strides[i] = stride;
+                if (shape == NULL) {
+                    new_shape[i] = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+                    stride *= new_shape[i];
+                }
+                else {
+                    stride *= shape[i];
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * If custom axes were specified, some dimensions may not have been used.
+     * Add the REDUCE itflag if this creates a reduction situation.
+     */
+    if (shape == NULL) {
+        /* Ensure there are no dimension gaps in op_axes, and find op_ndim */
+        op_ndim = ndim;
+        if (op_axes != NULL) {
+            for (i = 0; i < ndim; ++i) {
+                if (strides[i] == NPY_MAX_INTP) {
+                    if (op_ndim == ndim) {
+                        op_ndim = i;
+                    }
+                }
+                /*
+                 * If there's a gap in the array's dimensions, it's an error.
+                 * For example, op_axes of [0,2] for the automatically
+                 * allocated output.
+                 */
+                else if (op_ndim != ndim) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
+                            "automatically allocated output array "
+                            "specified with an inconsistent axis mapping");
+                    return NULL;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        for (i = 0; i < op_ndim; ++i) {
+            if (strides[i] == NPY_MAX_INTP) {
+                npy_intp factor, new_strides[NPY_MAXDIMS],
+                         itemsize;
+
+                /* Fill in the missing strides in C order */
+                factor = 1;
+                itemsize = op_dtype->elsize;
+                for (i = op_ndim-1; i >= 0; --i) {
+                    if (strides[i] == NPY_MAX_INTP) {
+                        new_strides[i] = factor * itemsize;
+                        factor *= shape[i];
+                    }
+                }
+
+                /*
+                 * Copy the missing strides, and multiply the existing strides
+                 * by the calculated factor.  This way, the missing strides
+                 * are tighter together in memory, which is good for nested
+                 * loops.
+                 */
+                for (i = 0; i < op_ndim; ++i) {
+                    if (strides[i] == NPY_MAX_INTP) {
+                        strides[i] = new_strides[i];
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        strides[i] *= factor;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If shape was NULL, set it to the shape we calculated */
+    if (shape == NULL) {
+        shape = new_shape;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate the temporary array */
+    Py_INCREF(op_dtype);
+    ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(subtype, op_dtype, op_ndim,
+                               shape, strides, NULL, 0, NULL);
+    if (ret == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* Make sure all the flags are good */
+    PyArray_UpdateFlags(ret, NPY_ARRAY_UPDATE_ALL);
+
+    /* Double-check that the subtype didn't mess with the dimensions */
+    if (subtype != &PyArray_Type) {
+        if (PyArray_NDIM(ret) != op_ndim ||
+                    !PyArray_CompareLists(shape, PyArray_DIMS(ret), op_ndim)) {
+            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError,
+                    "Iterator automatic output has an array subtype "
+                    "which changed the dimensions of the output");
+            Py_DECREF(ret);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+npyiter_allocate_arrays(NpyIter *iter,
+                        npy_uint32 flags,
+                        PyArray_Descr **op_dtype, PyTypeObject *subtype,
+                        npy_uint32 *op_flags, npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                        int **op_axes)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    int idim, ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);
+    int iop, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    int check_writemasked_reductions = 0;
+
+    NpyIter_BufferData *bufferdata = NULL;
+    PyArrayObject **op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+
+    if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+        bufferdata = NIT_BUFFERDATA(iter);
+    }
+
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        /*
+         * Check whether there are any WRITEMASKED REDUCE operands
+         * which should be validated after all the strides are filled
+         * in.
+         */
+        if ((op_itflags[iop] &
+                (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED | NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE)) ==
+                        (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED | NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE)) {
+            check_writemasked_reductions = 1;
+        }
+
+        /* NULL means an output the iterator should allocate */
+        if (op[iop] == NULL) {
+            PyArrayObject *out;
+            PyTypeObject *op_subtype;
+            int ondim = ndim;
+
+            /* Check whether the subtype was disabled */
+            op_subtype = (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_NO_SUBTYPE) ?
+                                                &PyArray_Type : subtype;
+
+            /* Allocate the output array */
+            out = npyiter_new_temp_array(iter, op_subtype,
+                                        flags, &op_itflags[iop],
+                                        ondim,
+                                        NULL,
+                                        op_dtype[iop],
+                                        op_axes ? op_axes[iop] : NULL);
+            if (out == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            op[iop] = out;
+
+            /*
+             * Now we need to replace the pointers and strides with values
+             * from the new array.
+             */
+            npyiter_replace_axisdata(iter, iop, op[iop], ondim,
+                    PyArray_DATA(op[iop]), op_axes ? op_axes[iop] : NULL);
+
+            /* New arrays are aligned and need no cast */
+            op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED;
+            op_itflags[iop] &= ~NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+        }
+        /*
+         * If casting is required, the operand is read-only, and
+         * it's an array scalar, make a copy whether or not the
+         * copy flag is enabled.
+         */
+        else if ((op_itflags[iop] & (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST |
+                         NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ |
+                         NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE)) == (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST |
+                                                   NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ) &&
+                          PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]) == 0) {
+            PyArrayObject *temp;
+            Py_INCREF(op_dtype[iop]);
+            temp = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(
+                                        &PyArray_Type, op_dtype[iop],
+                                        0, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
+            if (temp == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if (PyArray_CopyInto(temp, op[iop]) != 0) {
+                Py_DECREF(temp);
+                return 0;
+            }
+            Py_DECREF(op[iop]);
+            op[iop] = temp;
+
+            /*
+             * Now we need to replace the pointers and strides with values
+             * from the temporary array.
+             */
+            npyiter_replace_axisdata(iter, iop, op[iop], 0,
+                    PyArray_DATA(op[iop]), NULL);
+
+            /*
+             * New arrays are aligned need no cast, and in the case
+             * of scalars, always have stride 0 so never need buffering
+             */
+            op_itflags[iop] |= (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED |
+                                  NPY_OP_ITFLAG_BUFNEVER);
+            op_itflags[iop] &= ~NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+            if (itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) {
+                NBF_STRIDES(bufferdata)[iop] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        /* If casting is required and permitted */
+        else if ((op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST) &&
+                   (op_flags[iop] & (NPY_ITER_COPY|NPY_ITER_UPDATEIFCOPY))) {
+            PyArrayObject *temp;
+            int ondim = PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]);
+
+            /* Allocate the temporary array, if possible */
+            temp = npyiter_new_temp_array(iter, &PyArray_Type,
+                                        flags, &op_itflags[iop],
+                                        ondim,
+                                        PyArray_DIMS(op[iop]),
+                                        op_dtype[iop],
+                                        op_axes ? op_axes[iop] : NULL);
+            if (temp == NULL) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * If the data will be read, copy it into temp.
+             * TODO: It might be possible to do a view into
+             *       op[iop]'s mask instead here.
+             */
+            if (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ) {
+                if (PyArray_CopyInto(temp, op[iop]) != 0) {
+                    Py_DECREF(temp);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+            /* If the data will be written to, set UPDATEIFCOPY */
+            if (op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) {
+                Py_INCREF(op[iop]);
+                if (PyArray_SetUpdateIfCopyBase(temp, op[iop]) < 0) {
+                    Py_DECREF(temp);
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            Py_DECREF(op[iop]);
+            op[iop] = temp;
+
+            /*
+             * Now we need to replace the pointers and strides with values
+             * from the temporary array.
+             */
+            npyiter_replace_axisdata(iter, iop, op[iop], ondim,
+                    PyArray_DATA(op[iop]), op_axes ? op_axes[iop] : NULL);
+
+            /* The temporary copy is aligned and needs no cast */
+            op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED;
+            op_itflags[iop] &= ~NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+        }
+        else {
+            /*
+             * Buffering must be enabled for casting/conversion if copy
+             * wasn't specified.
+             */
+            if ((op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST) &&
+                                  !(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER)) {
+                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                        "Iterator operand required copying or buffering, "
+                        "but neither copying nor buffering was enabled");
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * If the operand is aligned, any buffering can use aligned
+             * optimizations.
+             */
+            if (PyArray_ISALIGNED(op[iop])) {
+                op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* Here we can finally check for contiguous iteration */
+        if (op_flags[iop] & NPY_ITER_CONTIG) {
+            NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+            npy_intp stride = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop];
+
+            if (stride != op_dtype[iop]->elsize) {
+                NPY_IT_DBG_PRINT("Iterator: Setting NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST "
+                                    "because of NPY_ITER_CONTIG\n");
+                op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST;
+                if (!(itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER)) {
+                    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
+                            "Iterator operand required buffering, "
+                            "to be contiguous as requested, but "
+                            "buffering is not enabled");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * If no alignment, byte swap, or casting is needed,
+         * the inner stride of this operand works for the whole
+         * array, we can set NPY_OP_ITFLAG_BUFNEVER.
+         */
+        if ((itflags & NPY_ITFLAG_BUFFER) &&
+                                !(op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_CAST)) {
+            NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+            if (ndim <= 1) {
+                op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_BUFNEVER;
+                NBF_STRIDES(bufferdata)[iop] = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop];
+            }
+            else if (PyArray_NDIM(op[iop]) > 0) {
+                npy_intp stride, shape, innerstride = 0, innershape;
+                npy_intp sizeof_axisdata =
+                                    NIT_AXISDATA_SIZEOF(itflags, ndim, nop);
+                /* Find stride of the first non-empty shape */
+                for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+                    innershape = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+                    if (innershape != 1) {
+                        innerstride = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop];
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+                }
+                ++idim;
+                NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+                /* Check that everything could have coalesced together */
+                for (; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
+                    stride = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata)[iop];
+                    shape = NAD_SHAPE(axisdata);
+                    if (shape != 1) {
+                        /*
+                         * If N times the inner stride doesn't equal this
+                         * stride, the multi-dimensionality is needed.
+                         */
+                        if (innerstride*innershape != stride) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            innershape *= shape;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    NIT_ADVANCE_AXISDATA(axisdata, 1);
+                }
+                /*
+                 * If we looped all the way to the end, one stride works.
+                 * Set that stride, because it may not belong to the first
+                 * dimension.
+                 */
+                if (idim == ndim) {
+                    op_itflags[iop] |= NPY_OP_ITFLAG_BUFNEVER;
+                    NBF_STRIDES(bufferdata)[iop] = innerstride;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (check_writemasked_reductions) {
+        for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+            /*
+             * Check whether there are any WRITEMASKED REDUCE operands
+             * which should be validated now that all the strides are filled
+             * in.
+             */
+            if ((op_itflags[iop] &
+                    (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED | NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE)) ==
+                        (NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED | NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE)) {
+                /*
+                 * If the ARRAYMASK has 'bigger' dimensions
+                 * than this REDUCE WRITEMASKED operand,
+                 * the result would be more than one mask
+                 * value per reduction element, something which
+                 * is invalid. This function provides validation
+                 * for that.
+                 */
+                if (!check_mask_for_writemasked_reduction(iter, iop)) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The __array_priority__ attribute of the inputs determines
+ * the subtype of any output arrays.  This function finds the
+ * subtype of the input array with highest priority.
+ */
+static void
+npyiter_get_priority_subtype(int nop, PyArrayObject **op,
+                            npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags,
+                            double *subtype_priority,
+                            PyTypeObject **subtype)
+{
+    int iop;
+
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        if (op[iop] != NULL && op_itflags[iop] & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ) {
+            double priority = PyArray_GetPriority((PyObject *)op[iop], 0.0);
+            if (priority > *subtype_priority) {
+                *subtype_priority = priority;
+                *subtype = Py_TYPE(op[iop]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static int
+npyiter_allocate_transfer_functions(NpyIter *iter)
+{
+    npy_uint32 itflags = NIT_ITFLAGS(iter);
+    /*int ndim = NIT_NDIM(iter);*/
+    int iop = 0, nop = NIT_NOP(iter);
+
+    npy_intp i;
+    npyiter_opitflags *op_itflags = NIT_OPITFLAGS(iter);
+    NpyIter_BufferData *bufferdata = NIT_BUFFERDATA(iter);
+    NpyIter_AxisData *axisdata = NIT_AXISDATA(iter);
+    PyArrayObject **op = NIT_OPERANDS(iter);
+    PyArray_Descr **op_dtype = NIT_DTYPES(iter);
+    npy_intp *strides = NAD_STRIDES(axisdata), op_stride;
+    PyArray_StridedUnaryOp **readtransferfn = NBF_READTRANSFERFN(bufferdata),
+                        **writetransferfn = NBF_WRITETRANSFERFN(bufferdata);
+    NpyAuxData **readtransferdata = NBF_READTRANSFERDATA(bufferdata),
+               **writetransferdata = NBF_WRITETRANSFERDATA(bufferdata);
+
+    PyArray_StridedUnaryOp *stransfer = NULL;
+    NpyAuxData *transferdata = NULL;
+    int needs_api = 0;
+
+    for (iop = 0; iop < nop; ++iop) {
+        npyiter_opitflags flags = op_itflags[iop];
+        /*
+         * Reduction operands may be buffered with a different stride,
+         * so we must pass NPY_MAX_INTP to the transfer function factory.
+         */
+        op_stride = (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_REDUCE) ? NPY_MAX_INTP :
+                                                   strides[iop];
+
+        /*
+         * If we have determined that a buffer may be needed,
+         * allocate the appropriate transfer functions
+         */
+        if (!(flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_BUFNEVER)) {
+            if (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_READ) {
+                int move_references = 0;
+                if (PyArray_GetDTypeTransferFunction(
+                                        (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED) != 0,
+                                        op_stride,
+                                        op_dtype[iop]->elsize,
+                                        PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]),
+                                        op_dtype[iop],
+                                        move_references,
+                                        &stransfer,
+                                        &transferdata,
+                                        &needs_api) != NPY_SUCCEED) {
+                    goto fail;
+                }
+                readtransferfn[iop] = stransfer;
+                readtransferdata[iop] = transferdata;
+            }
+            else {
+                readtransferfn[iop] = NULL;
+            }
+            if (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITE) {
+                int move_references = 1;
+
+                /* If the operand is WRITEMASKED, use a masked transfer fn */
+                if (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_WRITEMASKED) {
+                    int maskop = NIT_MASKOP(iter);
+                    PyArray_Descr *mask_dtype = PyArray_DESCR(op[maskop]);
+
+                    /*
+                     * If the mask's stride is contiguous, use it, otherwise
+                     * the mask may or may not be buffered, so the stride
+                     * could be inconsistent.
+                     */
+                    if (PyArray_GetMaskedDTypeTransferFunction(
+                                (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED) != 0,
+                                op_dtype[iop]->elsize,
+                                op_stride,
+                                (strides[maskop] == mask_dtype->elsize) ?
+                                                mask_dtype->elsize :
+                                                NPY_MAX_INTP,
+                                op_dtype[iop],
+                                PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]),
+                                mask_dtype,
+                                move_references,
+                                (PyArray_MaskedStridedUnaryOp **)&stransfer,
+                                &transferdata,
+                                &needs_api) != NPY_SUCCEED) {
+                        goto fail;
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    if (PyArray_GetDTypeTransferFunction(
+                                        (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED) != 0,
+                                        op_dtype[iop]->elsize,
+                                        op_stride,
+                                        op_dtype[iop],
+                                        PyArray_DESCR(op[iop]),
+                                        move_references,
+                                        &stransfer,
+                                        &transferdata,
+                                        &needs_api) != NPY_SUCCEED) {
+                        goto fail;
+                    }
+                }
+                writetransferfn[iop] = stransfer;
+                writetransferdata[iop] = transferdata;
+            }
+            /* If no write back but there are references make a decref fn */
+            else if (PyDataType_REFCHK(op_dtype[iop])) {
+                /*
+                 * By passing NULL to dst_type and setting move_references
+                 * to 1, we get back a function that just decrements the
+                 * src references.
+                 */
+                if (PyArray_GetDTypeTransferFunction(
+                                        (flags & NPY_OP_ITFLAG_ALIGNED) != 0,
+                                        op_dtype[iop]->elsize, 0,
+                                        op_dtype[iop], NULL,
+                                        1,
+                                        &stransfer,
+                                        &transferdata,
+                                        &needs_api) != NPY_SUCCEED) {
+                    goto fail;
+                }
+                writetransferfn[iop] = stransfer;
+                writetransferdata[iop] = transferdata;
+            }
+            else {
+                writetransferfn[iop] = NULL;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            readtransferfn[iop] = NULL;
+            writetransferfn[iop] = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If any of the dtype transfer functions needed the API, flag it */
+    if (needs_api) {
+        NIT_ITFLAGS(iter) |= NPY_ITFLAG_NEEDSAPI;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+
+fail:
+    for (i = 0; i < iop; ++i) {
+        if (readtransferdata[iop] != NULL) {
+            NPY_AUXDATA_FREE(readtransferdata[iop]);
+            readtransferdata[iop] = NULL;
+        }
+        if (writetransferdata[iop] != NULL) {
+            NPY_AUXDATA_FREE(writetransferdata[iop]);
+            writetransferdata[iop] = NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#undef NPY_ITERATOR_IMPLEMENTATION_CODE