numpy 1.9.3__zip → 1.10.0__zip

numpy-1.9.3/numpy/core/src/multiarray/shape.c

@@ -1,1141 +0,0 @@
-#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
-#include <Python.h>
-#include "structmember.h"
-
-#define NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API NPY_API_VERSION
-#define _MULTIARRAYMODULE
-#include "numpy/arrayobject.h"
-#include "numpy/arrayscalars.h"
-
-#include "numpy/npy_math.h"
-
-#include "npy_config.h"
-
-#include "npy_pycompat.h"
-
-#include "ctors.h"
-
-#include "shape.h"
-
-static int
-_fix_unknown_dimension(PyArray_Dims *newshape, npy_intp s_original);
-
-static int
-_attempt_nocopy_reshape(PyArrayObject *self, int newnd, npy_intp* newdims,
-                        npy_intp *newstrides, int is_f_order);
-
-static void
-_putzero(char *optr, PyObject *zero, PyArray_Descr *dtype);
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * Resize (reallocate data).  Only works if nothing else is referencing this
- * array and it is contiguous.  If refcheck is 0, then the reference count is
- * not checked and assumed to be 1.  You still must own this data and have no
- * weak-references and no base object.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Resize(PyArrayObject *self, PyArray_Dims *newshape, int refcheck,
-               NPY_ORDER order)
-{
-    npy_intp oldsize, newsize;
-    int new_nd=newshape->len, k, n, elsize;
-    int refcnt;
-    npy_intp* new_dimensions=newshape->ptr;
-    npy_intp new_strides[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    size_t sd;
-    npy_intp *dimptr;
-    char *new_data;
-    npy_intp largest;
-
-    if (!PyArray_ISONESEGMENT(self)) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                "resize only works on single-segment arrays");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize == 0) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                "Bad data-type size.");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    newsize = 1;
-    largest = NPY_MAX_INTP / PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize;
-    for(k = 0; k < new_nd; k++) {
-        if (new_dimensions[k] == 0) {
-            break;
-        }
-        if (new_dimensions[k] < 0) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                    "negative dimensions not allowed");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        newsize *= new_dimensions[k];
-        if (newsize <= 0 || newsize > largest) {
-            return PyErr_NoMemory();
-        }
-    }
-    oldsize = PyArray_SIZE(self);
-
-    if (oldsize != newsize) {
-        if (!(PyArray_FLAGS(self) & NPY_ARRAY_OWNDATA)) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                    "cannot resize this array: it does not own its data");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-
-        if (refcheck) {
-            refcnt = PyArray_REFCOUNT(self);
-        }
-        else {
-            refcnt = 1;
-        }
-        if ((refcnt > 2)
-                || (PyArray_BASE(self) != NULL)
-                || (((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->weakreflist != NULL)) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                    "cannot resize an array that "\
-                    "references or is referenced\n"\
-                    "by another array in this way.  Use the resize function");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-
-        if (newsize == 0) {
-            sd = PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize;
-        }
-        else {
-            sd = newsize*PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize;
-        }
-        /* Reallocate space if needed */
-        new_data = PyDataMem_RENEW(PyArray_DATA(self), sd);
-        if (new_data == NULL) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError,
-                    "cannot allocate memory for array");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        ((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->data = new_data;
-    }
-
-    if ((newsize > oldsize) && PyArray_ISWRITEABLE(self)) {
-        /* Fill new memory with zeros */
-        elsize = PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize;
-        if (PyDataType_FLAGCHK(PyArray_DESCR(self), NPY_ITEM_REFCOUNT)) {
-            PyObject *zero = PyInt_FromLong(0);
-            char *optr;
-            optr = PyArray_BYTES(self) + oldsize*elsize;
-            n = newsize - oldsize;
-            for (k = 0; k < n; k++) {
-                _putzero((char *)optr, zero, PyArray_DESCR(self));
-                optr += elsize;
-            }
-            Py_DECREF(zero);
-        }
-        else{
-            memset(PyArray_BYTES(self)+oldsize*elsize, 0, (newsize-oldsize)*elsize);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (PyArray_NDIM(self) != new_nd) {
-        /* Different number of dimensions. */
-        ((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->nd = new_nd;
-        /* Need new dimensions and strides arrays */
-        dimptr = PyDimMem_RENEW(PyArray_DIMS(self), 3*new_nd);
-        if (dimptr == NULL) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_MemoryError,
-                    "cannot allocate memory for array");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        ((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->dimensions = dimptr;
-        ((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->strides = dimptr + new_nd;
-    }
-
-    /* make new_strides variable */
-    sd = (size_t) PyArray_DESCR(self)->elsize;
-    sd = (size_t) _array_fill_strides(new_strides, new_dimensions, new_nd, sd,
-            PyArray_FLAGS(self), &(((PyArrayObject_fields *)self)->flags));
-    memmove(PyArray_DIMS(self), new_dimensions, new_nd*sizeof(npy_intp));
-    memmove(PyArray_STRIDES(self), new_strides, new_nd*sizeof(npy_intp));
-    Py_INCREF(Py_None);
-    return Py_None;
-}
-
-/*
- * Returns a new array
- * with the new shape from the data
- * in the old array --- order-perspective depends on order argument.
- * copy-only-if-necessary
- */
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * New shape for an array
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Newshape(PyArrayObject *self, PyArray_Dims *newdims,
-                 NPY_ORDER order)
-{
-    npy_intp i;
-    npy_intp *dimensions = newdims->ptr;
-    PyArrayObject *ret;
-    int ndim = newdims->len;
-    npy_bool same, incref = NPY_TRUE;
-    npy_intp *strides = NULL;
-    npy_intp newstrides[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    int flags;
-
-    if (order == NPY_ANYORDER) {
-        order = PyArray_ISFORTRAN(self);
-    }
-    else if (order == NPY_KEEPORDER) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                "order 'K' is not permitted for reshaping");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    /*  Quick check to make sure anything actually needs to be done */
-    if (ndim == PyArray_NDIM(self)) {
-        same = NPY_TRUE;
-        i = 0;
-        while (same && i < ndim) {
-            if (PyArray_DIM(self,i) != dimensions[i]) {
-                same=NPY_FALSE;
-            }
-            i++;
-        }
-        if (same) {
-            return PyArray_View(self, NULL, NULL);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * fix any -1 dimensions and check new-dimensions against old size
-     */
-    if (_fix_unknown_dimension(newdims, PyArray_SIZE(self)) < 0) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    /*
-     * sometimes we have to create a new copy of the array
-     * in order to get the right orientation and
-     * because we can't just re-use the buffer with the
-     * data in the order it is in.
-     * NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING: size check is unnecessary when set.
-     */
-    if ((PyArray_SIZE(self) > 1) &&
-        ((order == NPY_CORDER && !PyArray_IS_C_CONTIGUOUS(self)) ||
-         (order == NPY_FORTRANORDER && !PyArray_IS_F_CONTIGUOUS(self)))) {
-        int success = 0;
-        success = _attempt_nocopy_reshape(self, ndim, dimensions,
-                                          newstrides, order);
-        if (success) {
-            /* no need to copy the array after all */
-            strides = newstrides;
-        }
-        else {
-            PyObject *newcopy;
-            newcopy = PyArray_NewCopy(self, order);
-            if (newcopy == NULL) {
-                return NULL;
-            }
-            incref = NPY_FALSE;
-            self = (PyArrayObject *)newcopy;
-        }
-    }
-    /* We always have to interpret the contiguous buffer correctly */
-
-    /* Make sure the flags argument is set. */
-    flags = PyArray_FLAGS(self);
-    if (ndim > 1) {
-        if (order == NPY_FORTRANORDER) {
-            flags &= ~NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS;
-            flags |= NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS;
-        }
-        else {
-            flags &= ~NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS;
-            flags |= NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS;
-        }
-    }
-
-    Py_INCREF(PyArray_DESCR(self));
-    ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(Py_TYPE(self),
-                                       PyArray_DESCR(self),
-                                       ndim, dimensions,
-                                       strides,
-                                       PyArray_DATA(self),
-                                       flags, (PyObject *)self);
-
-    if (ret == NULL) {
-        goto fail;
-    }
-
-    if (incref) {
-        Py_INCREF(self);
-    }
-    if (PyArray_SetBaseObject(ret, (PyObject *)self)) {
-        Py_DECREF(ret);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    PyArray_UpdateFlags(ret, NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS | NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS);
-    return (PyObject *)ret;
-
- fail:
-    if (!incref) {
-        Py_DECREF(self);
-    }
-    return NULL;
-}
-
-
-
-/* For back-ward compatability -- Not recommended */
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * Reshape
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Reshape(PyArrayObject *self, PyObject *shape)
-{
-    PyObject *ret;
-    PyArray_Dims newdims;
-
-    if (!PyArray_IntpConverter(shape, &newdims)) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    ret = PyArray_Newshape(self, &newdims, NPY_CORDER);
-    PyDimMem_FREE(newdims.ptr);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-
-static void
-_putzero(char *optr, PyObject *zero, PyArray_Descr *dtype)
-{
-    if (!PyDataType_FLAGCHK(dtype, NPY_ITEM_REFCOUNT)) {
-        memset(optr, 0, dtype->elsize);
-    }
-    else if (PyDataType_HASFIELDS(dtype)) {
-        PyObject *key, *value, *title = NULL;
-        PyArray_Descr *new;
-        int offset;
-        Py_ssize_t pos = 0;
-        while (PyDict_Next(dtype->fields, &pos, &key, &value)) {
-            if NPY_TITLE_KEY(key, value) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(value, "Oi|O", &new, &offset, &title)) {
-                return;
-            }
-            _putzero(optr + offset, zero, new);
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        npy_intp i;
-        for (i = 0; i < dtype->elsize / sizeof(zero); i++) {
-            Py_INCREF(zero);
-            NPY_COPY_PYOBJECT_PTR(optr, &zero);
-            optr += sizeof(zero);
-        }
-    }
-    return;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * attempt to reshape an array without copying data
- *
- * This function should correctly handle all reshapes, including
- * axes of length 1. Zero strides should work but are untested.
- *
- * If a copy is needed, returns 0
- * If no copy is needed, returns 1 and fills newstrides
- *     with appropriate strides
- *
- * The "is_f_order" argument describes how the array should be viewed
- * during the reshape, not how it is stored in memory (that
- * information is in PyArray_STRIDES(self)).
- *
- * If some output dimensions have length 1, the strides assigned to
- * them are arbitrary. In the current implementation, they are the
- * stride of the next-fastest index.
- */
-static int
-_attempt_nocopy_reshape(PyArrayObject *self, int newnd, npy_intp* newdims,
-                        npy_intp *newstrides, int is_f_order)
-{
-    int oldnd;
-    npy_intp olddims[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    npy_intp oldstrides[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    npy_intp np, op, last_stride;
-    int oi, oj, ok, ni, nj, nk;
-
-    oldnd = 0;
-    /*
-     * Remove axes with dimension 1 from the old array. They have no effect
-     * but would need special cases since their strides do not matter.
-     */
-    for (oi = 0; oi < PyArray_NDIM(self); oi++) {
-        if (PyArray_DIMS(self)[oi]!= 1) {
-            olddims[oldnd] = PyArray_DIMS(self)[oi];
-            oldstrides[oldnd] = PyArray_STRIDES(self)[oi];
-            oldnd++;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*
-      fprintf(stderr, "_attempt_nocopy_reshape( (");
-      for (oi=0; oi<oldnd; oi++)
-      fprintf(stderr, "(%d,%d), ", olddims[oi], oldstrides[oi]);
-      fprintf(stderr, ") -> (");
-      for (ni=0; ni<newnd; ni++)
-      fprintf(stderr, "(%d,*), ", newdims[ni]);
-      fprintf(stderr, "), is_f_order=%d)\n", is_f_order);
-    */
-
-
-    np = 1;
-    for (ni = 0; ni < newnd; ni++) {
-        np *= newdims[ni];
-    }
-    op = 1;
-    for (oi = 0; oi < oldnd; oi++) {
-        op *= olddims[oi];
-    }
-    if (np != op) {
-        /* different total sizes; no hope */
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    if (np == 0) {
-        /* the current code does not handle 0-sized arrays, so give up */
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    /* oi to oj and ni to nj give the axis ranges currently worked with */
-    oi = 0;
-    oj = 1;
-    ni = 0;
-    nj = 1;
-    while (ni < newnd && oi < oldnd) {
-        np = newdims[ni];
-        op = olddims[oi];
-
-        while (np != op) {
-            if (np < op) {
-                /* Misses trailing 1s, these are handled later */
-                np *= newdims[nj++];
-            } else {
-                op *= olddims[oj++];
-            }
-        }
-
-        /* Check whether the original axes can be combined */
-        for (ok = oi; ok < oj - 1; ok++) {
-            if (is_f_order) {
-                if (oldstrides[ok+1] != olddims[ok]*oldstrides[ok]) {
-                     /* not contiguous enough */
-                    return 0;
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                /* C order */
-                if (oldstrides[ok] != olddims[ok+1]*oldstrides[ok+1]) {
-                    /* not contiguous enough */
-                    return 0;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /* Calculate new strides for all axes currently worked with */
-        if (is_f_order) {
-            newstrides[ni] = oldstrides[oi];
-            for (nk = ni + 1; nk < nj; nk++) {
-                newstrides[nk] = newstrides[nk - 1]*newdims[nk - 1];
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            /* C order */
-            newstrides[nj - 1] = oldstrides[oj - 1];
-            for (nk = nj - 1; nk > ni; nk--) {
-                newstrides[nk - 1] = newstrides[nk]*newdims[nk];
-            }
-        }
-        ni = nj++;
-        oi = oj++;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Set strides corresponding to trailing 1s of the new shape.
-     */
-    if (ni >= 1) {
-        last_stride = newstrides[ni - 1];
-    }
-    else {
-        last_stride = PyArray_ITEMSIZE(self);
-    }
-    if (is_f_order) {
-        last_stride *= newdims[ni - 1];
-    }
-    for (nk = ni; nk < newnd; nk++) {
-        newstrides[nk] = last_stride;
-    }
-
-    /*
-      fprintf(stderr, "success: _attempt_nocopy_reshape (");
-      for (oi=0; oi<oldnd; oi++)
-      fprintf(stderr, "(%d,%d), ", olddims[oi], oldstrides[oi]);
-      fprintf(stderr, ") -> (");
-      for (ni=0; ni<newnd; ni++)
-      fprintf(stderr, "(%d,%d), ", newdims[ni], newstrides[ni]);
-      fprintf(stderr, ")\n");
-    */
-
-    return 1;
-}
-
-static int
-_fix_unknown_dimension(PyArray_Dims *newshape, npy_intp s_original)
-{
-    npy_intp *dimensions;
-    npy_intp i_unknown, s_known;
-    int i, n;
-    static char msg[] = "total size of new array must be unchanged";
-
-    dimensions = newshape->ptr;
-    n = newshape->len;
-    s_known = 1;
-    i_unknown = -1;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-        if (dimensions[i] < 0) {
-            if (i_unknown == -1) {
-                i_unknown = i;
-            }
-            else {
-                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                                "can only specify one"  \
-                                " unknown dimension");
-                return -1;
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            s_known *= dimensions[i];
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (i_unknown >= 0) {
-        if ((s_known == 0) || (s_original % s_known != 0)) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, msg);
-            return -1;
-        }
-        dimensions[i_unknown] = s_original/s_known;
-    }
-    else {
-        if (s_original != s_known) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, msg);
-            return -1;
-        }
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- *
- * return a new view of the array object with all of its unit-length
- * dimensions squeezed out if needed, otherwise
- * return the same array.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Squeeze(PyArrayObject *self)
-{
-    PyArrayObject *ret;
-    npy_bool unit_dims[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    int idim, ndim, any_ones;
-    npy_intp *shape;
-
-    ndim = PyArray_NDIM(self);
-    shape = PyArray_SHAPE(self);
-
-    any_ones = 0;
-    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
-        if (shape[idim] == 1) {
-            unit_dims[idim] = 1;
-            any_ones = 1;
-        }
-        else {
-            unit_dims[idim] = 0;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* If there were no ones to squeeze out, return the same array */
-    if (!any_ones) {
-        Py_INCREF(self);
-        return (PyObject *)self;
-    }
-
-    ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_View(self, NULL, &PyArray_Type);
-    if (ret == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    PyArray_RemoveAxesInPlace(ret, unit_dims);
-
-    /*
-     * If self isn't not a base class ndarray, call its
-     * __array_wrap__ method
-     */
-    if (Py_TYPE(self) != &PyArray_Type) {
-        PyArrayObject *tmp = PyArray_SubclassWrap(self, ret);
-        Py_DECREF(ret);
-        ret = tmp;
-    }
-
-    return (PyObject *)ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Just like PyArray_Squeeze, but allows the caller to select
- * a subset of the size-one dimensions to squeeze out.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_SqueezeSelected(PyArrayObject *self, npy_bool *axis_flags)
-{
-    PyArrayObject *ret;
-    int idim, ndim, any_ones;
-    npy_intp *shape;
-
-    ndim = PyArray_NDIM(self);
-    shape = PyArray_SHAPE(self);
-
-    /* Verify that the axes requested are all of size one */
-    any_ones = 0;
-    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
-        if (axis_flags[idim] != 0) {
-            if (shape[idim] == 1) {
-                any_ones = 1;
-            }
-            else {
-                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                        "cannot select an axis to squeeze out "
-                        "which has size greater than one");
-                return NULL;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* If there were no axes to squeeze out, return the same array */
-    if (!any_ones) {
-        Py_INCREF(self);
-        return (PyObject *)self;
-    }
-
-    ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_View(self, NULL, &PyArray_Type);
-    if (ret == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    PyArray_RemoveAxesInPlace(ret, axis_flags);
-
-    /*
-     * If self isn't not a base class ndarray, call its
-     * __array_wrap__ method
-     */
-    if (Py_TYPE(self) != &PyArray_Type) {
-        PyArrayObject *tmp = PyArray_SubclassWrap(self, ret);
-        Py_DECREF(ret);
-        ret = tmp;
-    }
-
-    return (PyObject *)ret;
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * SwapAxes
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_SwapAxes(PyArrayObject *ap, int a1, int a2)
-{
-    PyArray_Dims new_axes;
-    npy_intp dims[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    int n, i, val;
-    PyObject *ret;
-
-    if (a1 == a2) {
-        Py_INCREF(ap);
-        return (PyObject *)ap;
-    }
-
-    n = PyArray_NDIM(ap);
-    if (n <= 1) {
-        Py_INCREF(ap);
-        return (PyObject *)ap;
-    }
-
-    if (a1 < 0) {
-        a1 += n;
-    }
-    if (a2 < 0) {
-        a2 += n;
-    }
-    if ((a1 < 0) || (a1 >= n)) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                        "bad axis1 argument to swapaxes");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    if ((a2 < 0) || (a2 >= n)) {
-        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                        "bad axis2 argument to swapaxes");
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    new_axes.ptr = dims;
-    new_axes.len = n;
-
-    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-        if (i == a1) {
-            val = a2;
-        }
-        else if (i == a2) {
-            val = a1;
-        }
-        else {
-            val = i;
-        }
-        new_axes.ptr[i] = val;
-    }
-    ret = PyArray_Transpose(ap, &new_axes);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * Return Transpose.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Transpose(PyArrayObject *ap, PyArray_Dims *permute)
-{
-    npy_intp *axes, axis;
-    npy_intp i, n;
-    npy_intp permutation[NPY_MAXDIMS], reverse_permutation[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-    PyArrayObject *ret = NULL;
-    int flags;
-
-    if (permute == NULL) {
-        n = PyArray_NDIM(ap);
-        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-            permutation[i] = n-1-i;
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        n = permute->len;
-        axes = permute->ptr;
-        if (n != PyArray_NDIM(ap)) {
-            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                            "axes don't match array");
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-            reverse_permutation[i] = -1;
-        }
-        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-            axis = axes[i];
-            if (axis < 0) {
-                axis = PyArray_NDIM(ap) + axis;
-            }
-            if (axis < 0 || axis >= PyArray_NDIM(ap)) {
-                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                                "invalid axis for this array");
-                return NULL;
-            }
-            if (reverse_permutation[axis] != -1) {
-                PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
-                                "repeated axis in transpose");
-                return NULL;
-            }
-            reverse_permutation[axis] = i;
-            permutation[i] = axis;
-        }
-    }
-
-    flags = PyArray_FLAGS(ap);
-
-    /*
-     * this allocates memory for dimensions and strides (but fills them
-     * incorrectly), sets up descr, and points data at PyArray_DATA(ap).
-     */
-    Py_INCREF(PyArray_DESCR(ap));
-    ret = (PyArrayObject *)
-        PyArray_NewFromDescr(Py_TYPE(ap),
-                             PyArray_DESCR(ap),
-                             n, PyArray_DIMS(ap),
-                             NULL, PyArray_DATA(ap),
-                             flags,
-                             (PyObject *)ap);
-    if (ret == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    /* point at true owner of memory: */
-    Py_INCREF(ap);
-    if (PyArray_SetBaseObject(ret, (PyObject *)ap) < 0) {
-        Py_DECREF(ret);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    /* fix the dimensions and strides of the return-array */
-    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-        PyArray_DIMS(ret)[i] = PyArray_DIMS(ap)[permutation[i]];
-        PyArray_STRIDES(ret)[i] = PyArray_STRIDES(ap)[permutation[i]];
-    }
-    PyArray_UpdateFlags(ret, NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS | NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS |
-                        NPY_ARRAY_ALIGNED);
-    return (PyObject *)ret;
-}
-
-/*
- * Sorts items so stride is descending, because C-order
- * is the default in the face of ambiguity.
- */
-static int _npy_stride_sort_item_comparator(const void *a, const void *b)
-{
-    npy_intp astride = ((const npy_stride_sort_item *)a)->stride,
-            bstride = ((const npy_stride_sort_item *)b)->stride;
-
-    /* Sort the absolute value of the strides */
-    if (astride < 0) {
-        astride = -astride;
-    }
-    if (bstride < 0) {
-        bstride = -bstride;
-    }
-
-    if (astride == bstride) {
-        /*
-         * Make the qsort stable by next comparing the perm order.
-         * (Note that two perm entries will never be equal)
-         */
-        npy_intp aperm = ((const npy_stride_sort_item *)a)->perm,
-                bperm = ((const npy_stride_sort_item *)b)->perm;
-        return (aperm < bperm) ? -1 : 1;
-    }
-    if (astride > bstride) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-    return 1;
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- *
- * This function populates the first ndim elements
- * of strideperm with sorted descending by their absolute values.
- * For example, the stride array (4, -2, 12) becomes
- * [(2, 12), (0, 4), (1, -2)].
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT void
-PyArray_CreateSortedStridePerm(int ndim, npy_intp *strides,
-                        npy_stride_sort_item *out_strideperm)
-{
-    int i;
-
-    /* Set up the strideperm values */
-    for (i = 0; i < ndim; ++i) {
-        out_strideperm[i].perm = i;
-        out_strideperm[i].stride = strides[i];
-    }
-
-    /* Sort them */
-    qsort(out_strideperm, ndim, sizeof(npy_stride_sort_item),
-                                    &_npy_stride_sort_item_comparator);
-}
-
-static NPY_INLINE npy_intp
-s_intp_abs(npy_intp x)
-{
-    return (x < 0) ? -x : x;
-}
-
-
-
-/*
- * Creates a sorted stride perm matching the KEEPORDER behavior
- * of the NpyIter object. Because this operates based on multiple
- * input strides, the 'stride' member of the npy_stride_sort_item
- * would be useless and we simply argsort a list of indices instead.
- *
- * The caller should have already validated that 'ndim' matches for
- * every array in the arrays list.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT void
-PyArray_CreateMultiSortedStridePerm(int narrays, PyArrayObject **arrays,
-                        int ndim, int *out_strideperm)
-{
-    int i0, i1, ipos, ax_j0, ax_j1, iarrays;
-
-    /* Initialize the strideperm values to the identity. */
-    for (i0 = 0; i0 < ndim; ++i0) {
-        out_strideperm[i0] = i0;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * This is the same as the custom stable insertion sort in
-     * the NpyIter object, but sorting in the reverse order as
-     * in the iterator. The iterator sorts from smallest stride
-     * to biggest stride (Fortran order), whereas here we sort
-     * from biggest stride to smallest stride (C order).
-     */
-    for (i0 = 1; i0 < ndim; ++i0) {
-
-        ipos = i0;
-        ax_j0 = out_strideperm[i0];
-
-        for (i1 = i0 - 1; i1 >= 0; --i1) {
-            int ambig = 1, shouldswap = 0;
-
-            ax_j1 = out_strideperm[i1];
-
-            for (iarrays = 0; iarrays < narrays; ++iarrays) {
-                if (PyArray_SHAPE(arrays[iarrays])[ax_j0] != 1 &&
-                            PyArray_SHAPE(arrays[iarrays])[ax_j1] != 1) {
-                    if (s_intp_abs(PyArray_STRIDES(arrays[iarrays])[ax_j0]) <=
-                            s_intp_abs(PyArray_STRIDES(arrays[iarrays])[ax_j1])) {
-                        /*
-                         * Set swap even if it's not ambiguous already,
-                         * because in the case of conflicts between
-                         * different operands, C-order wins.
-                         */
-                        shouldswap = 0;
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        /* Only set swap if it's still ambiguous */
-                        if (ambig) {
-                            shouldswap = 1;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    /*
-                     * A comparison has been done, so it's
-                     * no longer ambiguous
-                     */
-                    ambig = 0;
-                }
-            }
-            /*
-             * If the comparison was unambiguous, either shift
-             * 'ipos' to 'i1' or stop looking for an insertion point
-             */
-            if (!ambig) {
-                if (shouldswap) {
-                    ipos = i1;
-                }
-                else {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /* Insert out_strideperm[i0] into the right place */
-        if (ipos != i0) {
-            for (i1 = i0; i1 > ipos; --i1) {
-                out_strideperm[i1] = out_strideperm[i1-1];
-            }
-            out_strideperm[ipos] = ax_j0;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * Ravel
- * Returns a contiguous array
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Ravel(PyArrayObject *arr, NPY_ORDER order)
-{
-    PyArray_Dims newdim = {NULL,1};
-    npy_intp val[1] = {-1};
-
-    newdim.ptr = val;
-
-    if (order == NPY_ANYORDER) {
-        order = PyArray_ISFORTRAN(arr) ? NPY_FORTRANORDER : NPY_CORDER;
-    }
-    else if (order == NPY_KEEPORDER) {
-        if (PyArray_IS_C_CONTIGUOUS(arr)) {
-            order = NPY_CORDER;
-        }
-        else if (PyArray_IS_F_CONTIGUOUS(arr)) {
-            order = NPY_FORTRANORDER;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (order == NPY_CORDER && PyArray_IS_C_CONTIGUOUS(arr)) {
-        return PyArray_Newshape(arr, &newdim, NPY_CORDER);
-    }
-    else if (order == NPY_FORTRANORDER && PyArray_IS_F_CONTIGUOUS(arr)) {
-        return PyArray_Newshape(arr, &newdim, NPY_FORTRANORDER);
-    }
-    /* For KEEPORDER, check if we can make a flattened view */
-    else if (order == NPY_KEEPORDER) {
-        npy_stride_sort_item strideperm[NPY_MAXDIMS];
-        npy_intp stride;
-        int i, ndim = PyArray_NDIM(arr);
-
-        PyArray_CreateSortedStridePerm(PyArray_NDIM(arr),
-                                PyArray_STRIDES(arr), strideperm);
-
-        stride = strideperm[ndim-1].stride;
-        for (i = ndim-1; i >= 0; --i) {
-            if (strideperm[i].stride != stride) {
-                break;
-            }
-            stride *= PyArray_DIM(arr, strideperm[i].perm);
-        }
-
-        /* If all the strides matched a contiguous layout, return a view */
-        if (i < 0) {
-            PyArrayObject *ret;
-
-            stride = strideperm[ndim-1].stride;
-            val[0] = PyArray_SIZE(arr);
-
-            Py_INCREF(PyArray_DESCR(arr));
-            ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(Py_TYPE(arr),
-                               PyArray_DESCR(arr),
-                               1, val,
-                               &stride,
-                               PyArray_BYTES(arr),
-                               PyArray_FLAGS(arr),
-                               (PyObject *)arr);
-            if (ret == NULL) {
-                return NULL;
-            }
-
-            PyArray_UpdateFlags(ret,
-                        NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS|NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS);
-            Py_INCREF(arr);
-            if (PyArray_SetBaseObject(ret, (PyObject *)arr) < 0) {
-                Py_DECREF(ret);
-                return NULL;
-            }
-
-            return (PyObject *)ret;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return PyArray_Flatten(arr, order);
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- * Flatten
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-PyArray_Flatten(PyArrayObject *a, NPY_ORDER order)
-{
-    PyArrayObject *ret;
-    npy_intp size;
-
-    if (order == NPY_ANYORDER) {
-        order = PyArray_ISFORTRAN(a) ? NPY_FORTRANORDER : NPY_CORDER;
-    }
-
-    size = PyArray_SIZE(a);
-    Py_INCREF(PyArray_DESCR(a));
-    ret = (PyArrayObject *)PyArray_NewFromDescr(Py_TYPE(a),
-                               PyArray_DESCR(a),
-                               1, &size,
-                               NULL,
-                               NULL,
-                               0, (PyObject *)a);
-    if (ret == NULL) {
-        return NULL;
-    }
-
-    if (PyArray_CopyAsFlat(ret, a, order) < 0) {
-        Py_DECREF(ret);
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    return (PyObject *)ret;
-}
-
-/* See shape.h for parameters documentation */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT PyObject *
-build_shape_string(npy_intp n, npy_intp *vals)
-{
-    npy_intp i;
-    PyObject *ret, *tmp;
-
-    /*
-     * Negative dimension indicates "newaxis", which can
-     * be discarded for printing if it's a leading dimension.
-     * Find the first non-"newaxis" dimension.
-     */
-    i = 0;
-    while (i < n && vals[i] < 0) {
-        ++i;
-    }
-
-    if (i == n) {
-        return PyUString_FromFormat("()");
-    }
-    else {
-        ret = PyUString_FromFormat("(%" NPY_INTP_FMT, vals[i++]);
-        if (ret == NULL) {
-            return NULL;
-        }
-    }
-
-    for (; i < n; ++i) {
-        if (vals[i] < 0) {
-            tmp = PyUString_FromString(",newaxis");
-        }
-        else {
-            tmp = PyUString_FromFormat(",%" NPY_INTP_FMT, vals[i]);
-        }
-        if (tmp == NULL) {
-            Py_DECREF(ret);
-            return NULL;
-        }
-
-        PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&ret, tmp);
-        if (ret == NULL) {
-            return NULL;
-        }
-    }
-
-    tmp = PyUString_FromFormat(")");
-    PyUString_ConcatAndDel(&ret, tmp);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-/*NUMPY_API
- *
- * Removes the axes flagged as True from the array,
- * modifying it in place. If an axis flagged for removal
- * has a shape entry bigger than one, this effectively selects
- * index zero for that axis.
- *
- * WARNING: If an axis flagged for removal has a shape equal to zero,
- *          the array will point to invalid memory. The caller must
- *          validate this!
- *          If an axis flagged for removal has a shape larger then one,
- *          the aligned flag (and in the future the contiguous flags),
- *          may need explicite update.
- *          (check also NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING)
- *
- * For example, this can be used to remove the reduction axes
- * from a reduction result once its computation is complete.
- */
-NPY_NO_EXPORT void
-PyArray_RemoveAxesInPlace(PyArrayObject *arr, npy_bool *flags)
-{
-    PyArrayObject_fields *fa = (PyArrayObject_fields *)arr;
-    npy_intp *shape = fa->dimensions, *strides = fa->strides;
-    int idim, ndim = fa->nd, idim_out = 0;
-
-    /* Compress the dimensions and strides */
-    for (idim = 0; idim < ndim; ++idim) {
-        if (!flags[idim]) {
-            shape[idim_out] = shape[idim];
-            strides[idim_out] = strides[idim];
-            ++idim_out;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /* The final number of dimensions */
-    fa->nd = idim_out;
-
-    /* May not be necessary for NPY_RELAXED_STRIDES_CHECKING (see comment) */
-    PyArray_UpdateFlags(arr, NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS | NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS);
-}