x_ite 8.8.7 → 8.9.0

package/docs/_posts/components/NURBS/NurbsSurfaceInterpolator.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: NurbsSurfaceInterpolator
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-NURBS
 categories: [components, NURBS]
 tags: [NurbsSurfaceInterpolator, NURBS]
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tags: [NurbsSurfaceInterpolator, NURBS]
 
 NurbsSurfaceInterpolator describes a 3D NURBS curve and outputs interpolated position and normal values.
 
-The NurbsSurfaceInterpolator node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *children.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The NurbsSurfaceInterpolator node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *children.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -29,11 +29,23 @@ The NurbsSurfaceInterpolator node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its def
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFVec2f [in] **set_fraction** <small>(-∞,∞)</small>
 
-Setting fraction in range [0,1] selects input key for corresponding keyValue output, computing a 3D position on the curve.
+Setting *fraction* in range [0,1] selects input key for corresponding keyValue output, computing a 3D position on the curve.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- *set_fraction* values are typically in same range interval as values in the key array. Response to an input *set_fraction* value less than minimum is equivalent to minimum key, and response to an input *set_fraction* value greater than maximum is equivalent to maximum key.
+
+#### Warning
+
+- It is an error to define this transient inputOnly field in an X3D file, instead only use it a destination for ROUTE events.
 
 ### SFInt32 [ ] **uOrder** 3 <small>[2,∞)</small>
 
@@ -69,22 +81,30 @@ Output values for linear interpolation, each corresponding to knots.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **controlPoint** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
-Input/Output field controlPoint.
+Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify control points for NURBS geometry definitions.
 
 ### SFVec3f [out] **normal_changed**
 
-Linearly interpolated output value determined by current key time and corresponding keyValue pair.
+Computationaly interpolated output value determined by current key time and corresponding keyValue pair.
+
+#### Warning
+
+- It is an error to define this transient outputOnly field in an X3D file, instead only use it a source for ROUTE events.
 
 ### SFVec3f [out] **position_changed**
 
-Linearly interpolated output value determined by current key time and corresponding keyValue pair.
+Computationaly interpolated output value determined by current key time and corresponding keyValue pair.
+
+#### Warning
+
+- It is an error to define this transient outputOnly field in an X3D file, instead only use it a source for ROUTE events.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hint
 
-- The SFNode controlPoints field can contain a single Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node.
+- The SFNode controlPoint field can contain a single Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node.
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of NurbsSurfaceInterpolator](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSurfaceInterpolator){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of NurbsSurfaceInterpolator node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSurfaceInterpolator){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/NURBS/NurbsSweptSurface.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: NurbsSweptSurface
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-NURBS
 categories: [components, NURBS]
 tags: [NurbsSweptSurface, NURBS]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [NurbsSweptSurface, NURBS]
 
 ## Overview
 
-NurbsSweptSurface contains a crossSectionCurve [X3DNurbsControlCurveNode] and a trajectoryCurve [NurbsCurve].
+NurbsSweptSurface uses a trajectoryCurve path to describe a generalized surface that is swept by a crossSectionCurve.
 
-The NurbsSweptSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The NurbsSweptSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,15 +30,21 @@ The NurbsSweptSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default co
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -46,24 +52,35 @@ Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), s
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **ccw** TRUE
 
-*ccw* = counterclockwise: ordering of vertex coordinates orientation.
+*ccw* defines clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of vertex coordinates, which in turn defines front/back orientation of polygon normals according to Right-Hand Rule (RHR).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- *ccw* false can reverse solid (backface culling) and normal-vector orientation.
+- A good debugging technique for problematic polygons is to try changing the value of *ccw*, which can reverse solid effects (single-sided backface culling) and normal-vector direction.
+- [Clockwise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwise){:target="_blank"}
+
+#### Warning
+
+- Consistent and correct ordering of left-handed or right-handed point sequences is important throughout the coord array of point values.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **crossSectionCurve** NULL <small>[X3DNurbsControlCurveNode]</small>
 
-Input/Output field crossSectionCurve.
+Defines cross-section of the surface traced about the trajectoryCurve axis.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **trajectoryCurve** NULL <small>[NurbsCurve]</small>
 
-Input/Output field trajectoryCurve.
+Describes the center-line path using a NurbsCurve node, oriented so that it is defined counterclockwise when looking down the −Y axis, thus defining a concept of inside and outside.
+
+## Advisories
+
+### Hint
+
+- Conceptually it is the NURBS equivalent of Extrusion but permits the use of non-closed cross sections.
 
 ## Example
 
 <x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/NURBS/NurbsSweptSurface/NurbsSweptSurface.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of NurbsSweptSurface](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSweptSurface){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of NurbsSweptSurface node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSweptSurface){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/NURBS/NurbsSwungSurface.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: NurbsSwungSurface
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-NURBS
 categories: [components, NURBS]
 tags: [NurbsSwungSurface, NURBS]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [NurbsSwungSurface, NURBS]
 
 ## Overview
 
-NurbsSwungSurface contains a profileCurve [X3DNurbsControlCurveNode] and a trajectoryCurve [X3DNurbsControlCurveNode].
+NurbsSwungSurface contains a profileCurve and a trajectoryCurve [X3DNurbsControlCurveNode].
 
-The NurbsSwungSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The NurbsSwungSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,15 +30,21 @@ The NurbsSwungSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default co
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -46,20 +52,25 @@ Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), s
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **ccw** TRUE
 
-*ccw* = counterclockwise: ordering of vertex coordinates orientation.
+*ccw* defines clockwise/counterclockwise ordering of vertex coordinates, which in turn defines front/back orientation of polygon normals according to Right-Hand Rule (RHR).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
+
+- A good debugging technique for problematic polygons is to try changing the value of *ccw*, which can reverse solid effects (single-sided backface culling) and normal-vector direction.
+- [Clockwise](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clockwise){:target="_blank"}
+
+#### Warning
 
-- *ccw* false can reverse solid (backface culling) and normal-vector orientation.
+- Consistent and correct ordering of left-handed or right-handed point sequences is important throughout the coord array of point values.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **profileCurve** NULL <small>[X3DNurbsControlCurveNode]</small>
 
-Input/Output field profileCurve.
+2D curve in the yz-plane that describes the cross-sectional shape of the object.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **trajectoryCurve** NULL <small>[X3DNurbsControlCurveNode]</small>
 
-Input/Output field trajectoryCurve.
+2D curve in the xz-plane that describes path over which to trace the cross-section.
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of NurbsSwungSurface](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSwungSurface){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of NurbsSwungSurface node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsSwungSurface){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/NURBS/NurbsTextureCoordinate.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: NurbsTextureCoordinate
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-NURBS
 categories: [components, NURBS]
 tags: [NurbsTextureCoordinate, NURBS]
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tags: [NurbsTextureCoordinate, NURBS]
 
 NurbsTextureCoordinate describes a 3D NURBS surface in the parametric domain of its surface host, specifying mapping of texture onto the surface.
 
-The NurbsTextureCoordinate node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *texCoord.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The NurbsTextureCoordinate node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *texCoord.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -28,7 +28,11 @@ The NurbsTextureCoordinate node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its defau
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFInt32 [ ] **uOrder** 3 <small>[2,∞)</small>
 
@@ -66,12 +70,12 @@ Output values for linear interpolation, each corresponding to knots.
 
 *controlPoint* defines a set of control points of dimension uDimension by vDimension, and defines a mesh where the points do not have uniform spacing.
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hint
 
-- The SFNode controlPoints field can contain a single Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node.
+- The SFNode controlPoint field can contain a single Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node.
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of NurbsTextureCoordinate](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsTextureCoordinate){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of NurbsTextureCoordinate node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsTextureCoordinate){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/NURBS/NurbsTrimmedSurface.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: NurbsTrimmedSurface
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-NURBS
 categories: [components, NURBS]
 tags: [NurbsTrimmedSurface, NURBS]
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ tags: [NurbsTrimmedSurface, NURBS]
 
 NurbsTrimmedSurface generates texture coordinates from a Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) surface.
 
-The NurbsTrimmedSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available since X3D version 3.0 or later.
+The NurbsTrimmedSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default container field is *geometry.* It is available from X3D version 3.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -31,23 +31,29 @@ The NurbsTrimmedSurface node belongs to the **NURBS** component and its default
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFInt32 [in, out] **uTessellation** 0 <small>(-∞,∞)</small>
 
-Hint for surface tesselation.
+Hint for surface tessellation.
 
 ### SFInt32 [in, out] **vTessellation** 0 <small>(-∞,∞)</small>
 
-Hint for surface tesselation.
+Hint for surface tessellation.
 
 ### SFBool [ ] **solid** TRUE
 
-Setting solid true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting solid false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
+Setting *solid* true means draw only one side of polygons (backface culling on), setting *solid* false means draw both sides of polygons (backface culling off).
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- If in doubt, use solid='false' for maximum visibility.
+- Mnemonic "this geometry is *solid* like a brick" (you don't render the inside of a brick).
+- If in doubt, use *solid*='false' for maximum visibility.
+- (X3D version 4.0 draft) accessType relaxed to inputOutput in order to support animation and visualization.
 
 #### Warning
 
@@ -87,28 +93,32 @@ Knot vector, where size = number of control points + order of curve.
 
 ### MFDouble [in, out] **weight** [ ] <small>(0,∞)</small>
 
-Vector assigning relative weight value to each control point.
+Vector assigning relative *weight* value to each control point.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **texCoord** NULL <small>[X3DTextureCoordinateNode|NurbsTextureCoordinate]</small>
 
-Input/Output field texCoord.
+Single contained NurbsTextureCoordinate, TextureCoordinate, TextureCoordinateGenerator or MultiTextureCoordinate node that can specify coordinates for texture mapping onto corresponding geometry.
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **controlPoint** NULL <small>[X3DCoordinateNode]</small>
 
-Input/Output field controlPoint.
+Single contained Coordinate or CoordinateDouble node that can specify control points for NURBS geometry definitions.
 
 ### MFNode [in] **addTrimmingContour**
 
-Input field addTrimmingContour.
+Input field *addTrimmingContour*.
 
 ### MFNode [in] **removeTrimmingContour**
 
-Input field removeTrimmingContour.
+Input field *removeTrimmingContour*.
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **trimmingContour** [ ] <small>[Contour2D]</small>
 
-Input/Output field trimmingContour.
+A set of Contour2D nodes are used as trimming loops.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- If no trimming contours are defined, NurbsTrimmedSurface has same semantics as NurbsPatchSurface node.
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of NurbsTrimmedSurface](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsTrimmedSurface){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of NurbsTrimmedSurface node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/nurbs.html#NurbsTrimmedSurface){:target="_blank"}

package/docs/_posts/components/Navigation/Billboard.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: Billboard
-date: 2022-01-07
+date: 2023-01-07
 nav: components-Navigation
 categories: [components, Navigation]
 tags: [Billboard, Navigation]
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ tags: [Billboard, Navigation]
 
 ## Overview
 
-Billboard is a Grouping node that can contain most nodes. Content faces the user, rotating about the specified axis. Set axisOfRotation=0 0 0 to fully face the user's camera.
+Billboard is a Grouping node that can contain most nodes. Contained child geometry faces the user, rotating about the specified axis. Set axisOfRotation=0 0 0 to fully face the user's camera.
 
-The Billboard node belongs to the **Navigation** component and its default container field is *children.* It is available since X3D version 2.0 or later.
+The Billboard node belongs to the **Navigation** component and its default container field is *children.* It is available from X3D version 2.0 or higher.
 
 ## Hierarchy
 
@@ -30,7 +30,11 @@ The Billboard node belongs to the **Navigation** component and its default conta
 
 ### SFNode [in, out] **metadata** NULL <small>[X3DMetadataObject]</small>
 
-Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, but they can be accessed via the ECMAScript interface.
+Information about this node can be contained in a MetadataBoolean, MetadataDouble, MetadataFloat, MetadataInteger, MetadataString or MetadataSet node.
+
+#### Hint
+
+- [X3D Architecture 7.2.4 Metadata](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/core.html#Metadata){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFVec3f [in, out] **axisOfRotation** 0 1 0 <small>(-∞,∞)</small>
 
@@ -44,10 +48,10 @@ Metadata are not part of the X3D world and not interpreted by the X3D browser, b
 
 Whether or not renderable content within this node is visually displayed.
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- The visible field has no effect on animation behaviors, event passing or other non-visual characteristics.
-- Content must be visible to be collidable and to be pickable.
+- The *visible* field has no effect on animation behaviors, event passing or other non-visual characteristics.
+- Content must be *visible* to be collidable and to be pickable.
 
 ### SFBool [in, out] **bboxDisplay** FALSE
 
@@ -61,31 +65,43 @@ Whether to display bounding box for associated geometry, aligned with world coor
 
 Bounding box size is usually omitted, and can easily be calculated automatically by an X3D player at scene-loading time with minimal computational cost. Bounding box size can also be defined as an optional authoring hint that suggests an optimization or constraint.
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
 - Can be useful for collision computations or inverse-kinematics (IK) engines.
+- Precomputation and inclusion of bounding box information can speed up the initialization of large detailed models, with a corresponding cost of increased file size.
+- [X3D Architecture, 10.2.2 Bounding boxes](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/grouping.html#BoundingBoxes){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Architecture, 10.3.1 X3DBoundedObject](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/grouping.html#X3DBoundedObject){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### SFVec3f [ ] **bboxCenter** 0 0 0 <small>(-∞,∞)</small>
 
-Bounding box center: optional hint for position offset from origin of local coordinate system.
+Bounding box center accompanies bboxSize and provides an optional hint for bounding box position offset from origin of local coordinate system.
+
+#### Hints
+
+- Precomputation and inclusion of bounding box information can speed up the initialization of large detailed models, with a corresponding cost of increased file size.
+- [X3D Architecture, 10.2.2 Bounding boxes](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/grouping.html#BoundingBoxes){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Architecture, 10.3.1 X3DBoundedObject](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/grouping.html#X3DBoundedObject){:target="_blank"}
 
 ### MFNode [in] **addChildren**
 
-Input field addChildren.
+Input field *addChildren*.
 
 ### MFNode [in] **removeChildren**
 
-Input field removeChildren.
+Input field *removeChildren*.
 
 ### MFNode [in, out] **children** [ ] <small>[X3DChildNode]</small>
 
-Grouping nodes contain a list of children nodes.
+Grouping nodes contain an ordered list of *children* nodes.
 
-#### Hint
+#### Hints
 
-- Each grouping node defines a coordinate space for its children, relative to the coordinate space of its parent node. Thus transformations accumulate down the scene graph hierarchy.
+- Each grouping node defines a coordinate space for its *children*, relative to the coordinate space of its parent node. Thus transformations accumulate down the scene graph hierarchy.
+- InputOnly MFNode addChildren field can append new X3DChildNode nodes via a ROUTE connection, duplicate input nodes (i.e. matching DEF, USE values) are ignored.
+- InputOnly MFNode removeChildren field can remove nodes from the *children* list, unrecognized input nodes (i.e. nonmatching DEF, USE values) are ignored.
+- [X3D Architecture 10.2.1 Grouping and *children* node types](https://www.web3d.org/specifications/X3Dv4Draft/ISO-IEC19775-1v4-CD1/Part01/components/grouping.html#GroupingAndChildrenNodes){:target="_blank"}
 
-## Description
+## Advisories
 
 ### Hints
 
@@ -100,6 +116,6 @@ Grouping nodes contain a list of children nodes.
 
 <x3d-canvas src="https://create3000.github.io/media/examples/Navigation/Billboard/Billboard.x3d" update="auto"></x3d-canvas>
 
-## External Links
+## See Also
 
-- [X3D Specification of Billboard](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/navigation.html#Billboard){:target="_blank"}
+- [X3D Specification of Billboard node](https://www.web3d.org/documents/specifications/19775-1/V4.0/Part01/components/navigation.html#Billboard){:target="_blank"}