com.googler.python 1.0.0

package/python3.4.2/lib/python3.4/site-packages/pkg_resources.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2719 @@
+"""
+Package resource API
+--------------------
+
+A resource is a logical file contained within a package, or a logical
+subdirectory thereof.  The package resource API expects resource names
+to have their path parts separated with ``/``, *not* whatever the local
+path separator is.  Do not use os.path operations to manipulate resource
+names being passed into the API.
+
+The package resource API is designed to work with normal filesystem packages,
+.egg files, and unpacked .egg files.  It can also work in a limited way with
+.zip files and with custom PEP 302 loaders that support the ``get_data()``
+method.
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import time
+import re
+import imp
+import zipfile
+import zipimport
+import warnings
+import stat
+import functools
+import pkgutil
+import token
+import symbol
+import operator
+import platform
+from pkgutil import get_importer
+
+try:
+    from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse
+except ImportError:
+    from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse
+
+try:
+    frozenset
+except NameError:
+    from sets import ImmutableSet as frozenset
+try:
+    basestring
+    next = lambda o: o.next()
+    from cStringIO import StringIO as BytesIO
+except NameError:
+    basestring = str
+    from io import BytesIO
+    def execfile(fn, globs=None, locs=None):
+        if globs is None:
+            globs = globals()
+        if locs is None:
+            locs = globs
+        exec(compile(open(fn).read(), fn, 'exec'), globs, locs)
+
+# capture these to bypass sandboxing
+from os import utime
+try:
+    from os import mkdir, rename, unlink
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = True
+except ImportError:
+    # no write support, probably under GAE
+    WRITE_SUPPORT = False
+
+from os import open as os_open
+from os.path import isdir, split
+
+# Avoid try/except due to potential problems with delayed import mechanisms.
+if sys.version_info >= (3, 3) and sys.implementation.name == "cpython":
+    import importlib._bootstrap as importlib_bootstrap
+else:
+    importlib_bootstrap = None
+
+try:
+    import parser
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+def _bypass_ensure_directory(name, mode=0x1FF):  # 0777
+    # Sandbox-bypassing version of ensure_directory()
+    if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+        raise IOError('"os.mkdir" not supported on this platform.')
+    dirname, filename = split(name)
+    if dirname and filename and not isdir(dirname):
+        _bypass_ensure_directory(dirname)
+        mkdir(dirname, mode)
+
+
+_state_vars = {}
+
+def _declare_state(vartype, **kw):
+    g = globals()
+    for name, val in kw.items():
+        g[name] = val
+        _state_vars[name] = vartype
+
+def __getstate__():
+    state = {}
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in _state_vars.items():
+        state[k] = g['_sget_'+v](g[k])
+    return state
+
+def __setstate__(state):
+    g = globals()
+    for k, v in state.items():
+        g['_sset_'+_state_vars[k]](k, g[k], v)
+    return state
+
+def _sget_dict(val):
+    return val.copy()
+
+def _sset_dict(key, ob, state):
+    ob.clear()
+    ob.update(state)
+
+def _sget_object(val):
+    return val.__getstate__()
+
+def _sset_object(key, ob, state):
+    ob.__setstate__(state)
+
+_sget_none = _sset_none = lambda *args: None
+
+
+def get_supported_platform():
+    """Return this platform's maximum compatible version.
+
+    distutils.util.get_platform() normally reports the minimum version
+    of Mac OS X that would be required to *use* extensions produced by
+    distutils.  But what we want when checking compatibility is to know the
+    version of Mac OS X that we are *running*.  To allow usage of packages that
+    explicitly require a newer version of Mac OS X, we must also know the
+    current version of the OS.
+
+    If this condition occurs for any other platform with a version in its
+    platform strings, this function should be extended accordingly.
+    """
+    plat = get_build_platform()
+    m = macosVersionString.match(plat)
+    if m is not None and sys.platform == "darwin":
+        try:
+            plat = 'macosx-%s-%s' % ('.'.join(_macosx_vers()[:2]), m.group(3))
+        except ValueError:
+            pass    # not Mac OS X
+    return plat
+
+__all__ = [
+    # Basic resource access and distribution/entry point discovery
+    'require', 'run_script', 'get_provider',  'get_distribution',
+    'load_entry_point', 'get_entry_map', 'get_entry_info', 'iter_entry_points',
+    'resource_string', 'resource_stream', 'resource_filename',
+    'resource_listdir', 'resource_exists', 'resource_isdir',
+
+    # Environmental control
+    'declare_namespace', 'working_set', 'add_activation_listener',
+    'find_distributions', 'set_extraction_path', 'cleanup_resources',
+    'get_default_cache',
+
+    # Primary implementation classes
+    'Environment', 'WorkingSet', 'ResourceManager',
+    'Distribution', 'Requirement', 'EntryPoint',
+
+    # Exceptions
+    'ResolutionError','VersionConflict','DistributionNotFound','UnknownExtra',
+    'ExtractionError',
+
+    # Parsing functions and string utilities
+    'parse_requirements', 'parse_version', 'safe_name', 'safe_version',
+    'get_platform', 'compatible_platforms', 'yield_lines', 'split_sections',
+    'safe_extra', 'to_filename', 'invalid_marker', 'evaluate_marker',
+
+    # filesystem utilities
+    'ensure_directory', 'normalize_path',
+
+    # Distribution "precedence" constants
+    'EGG_DIST', 'BINARY_DIST', 'SOURCE_DIST', 'CHECKOUT_DIST', 'DEVELOP_DIST',
+
+    # "Provider" interfaces, implementations, and registration/lookup APIs
+    'IMetadataProvider', 'IResourceProvider', 'FileMetadata',
+    'PathMetadata', 'EggMetadata', 'EmptyProvider', 'empty_provider',
+    'NullProvider', 'EggProvider', 'DefaultProvider', 'ZipProvider',
+    'register_finder', 'register_namespace_handler', 'register_loader_type',
+    'fixup_namespace_packages', 'get_importer',
+
+    # Deprecated/backward compatibility only
+    'run_main', 'AvailableDistributions',
+]
+
+class ResolutionError(Exception):
+    """Abstract base for dependency resolution errors"""
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return self.__class__.__name__+repr(self.args)
+
+class VersionConflict(ResolutionError):
+    """An already-installed version conflicts with the requested version"""
+
+class DistributionNotFound(ResolutionError):
+    """A requested distribution was not found"""
+
+class UnknownExtra(ResolutionError):
+    """Distribution doesn't have an "extra feature" of the given name"""
+_provider_factories = {}
+
+PY_MAJOR = sys.version[:3]
+EGG_DIST = 3
+BINARY_DIST = 2
+SOURCE_DIST = 1
+CHECKOUT_DIST = 0
+DEVELOP_DIST = -1
+
+def register_loader_type(loader_type, provider_factory):
+    """Register `provider_factory` to make providers for `loader_type`
+
+    `loader_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 ``module.__loader__``,
+    and `provider_factory` is a function that, passed a *module* object,
+    returns an ``IResourceProvider`` for that module.
+    """
+    _provider_factories[loader_type] = provider_factory
+
+def get_provider(moduleOrReq):
+    """Return an IResourceProvider for the named module or requirement"""
+    if isinstance(moduleOrReq,Requirement):
+        return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
+    try:
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    except KeyError:
+        __import__(moduleOrReq)
+        module = sys.modules[moduleOrReq]
+    loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+    return _find_adapter(_provider_factories, loader)(module)
+
+def _macosx_vers(_cache=[]):
+    if not _cache:
+        import platform
+        version = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+        # fallback for MacPorts
+        if version == '':
+            import plistlib
+            plist = '/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist'
+            if os.path.exists(plist):
+                if hasattr(plistlib, 'readPlist'):
+                    plist_content = plistlib.readPlist(plist)
+                    if 'ProductVersion' in plist_content:
+                        version = plist_content['ProductVersion']
+
+        _cache.append(version.split('.'))
+    return _cache[0]
+
+def _macosx_arch(machine):
+    return {'PowerPC':'ppc', 'Power_Macintosh':'ppc'}.get(machine,machine)
+
+def get_build_platform():
+    """Return this platform's string for platform-specific distributions
+
+    XXX Currently this is the same as ``distutils.util.get_platform()``, but it
+    needs some hacks for Linux and Mac OS X.
+    """
+    try:
+        # Python 2.7 or >=3.2
+        from sysconfig import get_platform
+    except ImportError:
+        from distutils.util import get_platform
+
+    plat = get_platform()
+    if sys.platform == "darwin" and not plat.startswith('macosx-'):
+        try:
+            version = _macosx_vers()
+            machine = os.uname()[4].replace(" ", "_")
+            return "macosx-%d.%d-%s" % (int(version[0]), int(version[1]),
+                _macosx_arch(machine))
+        except ValueError:
+            # if someone is running a non-Mac darwin system, this will fall
+            # through to the default implementation
+            pass
+    return plat
+
+macosVersionString = re.compile(r"macosx-(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+darwinVersionString = re.compile(r"darwin-(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)-(.*)")
+get_platform = get_build_platform   # XXX backward compat
+
+
+def compatible_platforms(provided,required):
+    """Can code for the `provided` platform run on the `required` platform?
+
+    Returns true if either platform is ``None``, or the platforms are equal.
+
+    XXX Needs compatibility checks for Linux and other unixy OSes.
+    """
+    if provided is None or required is None or provided==required:
+        return True     # easy case
+
+    # Mac OS X special cases
+    reqMac = macosVersionString.match(required)
+    if reqMac:
+        provMac = macosVersionString.match(provided)
+
+        # is this a Mac package?
+        if not provMac:
+            # this is backwards compatibility for packages built before
+            # setuptools 0.6. All packages built after this point will
+            # use the new macosx designation.
+            provDarwin = darwinVersionString.match(provided)
+            if provDarwin:
+                dversion = int(provDarwin.group(1))
+                macosversion = "%s.%s" % (reqMac.group(1), reqMac.group(2))
+                if dversion == 7 and macosversion >= "10.3" or \
+                        dversion == 8 and macosversion >= "10.4":
+
+                    #import warnings
+                    #warnings.warn("Mac eggs should be rebuilt to "
+                    #    "use the macosx designation instead of darwin.",
+                    #    category=DeprecationWarning)
+                    return True
+            return False    # egg isn't macosx or legacy darwin
+
+        # are they the same major version and machine type?
+        if provMac.group(1) != reqMac.group(1) or \
+                provMac.group(3) != reqMac.group(3):
+            return False
+
+        # is the required OS major update >= the provided one?
+        if int(provMac.group(2)) > int(reqMac.group(2)):
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    # XXX Linux and other platforms' special cases should go here
+    return False
+
+
+def run_script(dist_spec, script_name):
+    """Locate distribution `dist_spec` and run its `script_name` script"""
+    ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+    name = ns['__name__']
+    ns.clear()
+    ns['__name__'] = name
+    require(dist_spec)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+run_main = run_script   # backward compatibility
+
+def get_distribution(dist):
+    """Return a current distribution object for a Requirement or string"""
+    if isinstance(dist,basestring): dist = Requirement.parse(dist)
+    if isinstance(dist,Requirement): dist = get_provider(dist)
+    if not isinstance(dist,Distribution):
+        raise TypeError("Expected string, Requirement, or Distribution", dist)
+    return dist
+
+def load_entry_point(dist, group, name):
+    """Return `name` entry point of `group` for `dist` or raise ImportError"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
+
+def get_entry_map(dist, group=None):
+    """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_map(group)
+
+def get_entry_info(dist, group, name):
+    """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+    return get_distribution(dist).get_entry_info(group, name)
+
+
+class IMetadataProvider:
+
+    def has_metadata(name):
+        """Does the package's distribution contain the named metadata?"""
+
+    def get_metadata(name):
+        """The named metadata resource as a string"""
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(name):
+        """Yield named metadata resource as list of non-blank non-comment lines
+
+       Leading and trailing whitespace is stripped from each line, and lines
+       with ``#`` as the first non-blank character are omitted."""
+
+    def metadata_isdir(name):
+        """Is the named metadata a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def metadata_listdir(name):
+        """List of metadata names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+    def run_script(script_name, namespace):
+        """Execute the named script in the supplied namespace dictionary"""
+
+
+class IResourceProvider(IMetadataProvider):
+    """An object that provides access to package resources"""
+
+    def get_resource_filename(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_stream(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def get_resource_string(manager, resource_name):
+        """Return a string containing the contents of `resource_name`
+
+        `manager` must be an ``IResourceManager``"""
+
+    def has_resource(resource_name):
+        """Does the package contain the named resource?"""
+
+    def resource_isdir(resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource a directory?  (like ``os.path.isdir()``)"""
+
+    def resource_listdir(resource_name):
+        """List of resource names in the directory (like ``os.listdir()``)"""
+
+
+class WorkingSet(object):
+    """A collection of active distributions on sys.path (or a similar list)"""
+
+    def __init__(self, entries=None):
+        """Create working set from list of path entries (default=sys.path)"""
+        self.entries = []
+        self.entry_keys = {}
+        self.by_key = {}
+        self.callbacks = []
+
+        if entries is None:
+            entries = sys.path
+
+        for entry in entries:
+            self.add_entry(entry)
+
+    def add_entry(self, entry):
+        """Add a path item to ``.entries``, finding any distributions on it
+
+        ``find_distributions(entry, True)`` is used to find distributions
+        corresponding to the path entry, and they are added.  `entry` is
+        always appended to ``.entries``, even if it is already present.
+        (This is because ``sys.path`` can contain the same value more than
+        once, and the ``.entries`` of the ``sys.path`` WorkingSet should always
+        equal ``sys.path``.)
+        """
+        self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry, [])
+        self.entries.append(entry)
+        for dist in find_distributions(entry, True):
+            self.add(dist, entry, False)
+
+    def __contains__(self,dist):
+        """True if `dist` is the active distribution for its project"""
+        return self.by_key.get(dist.key) == dist
+
+    def find(self, req):
+        """Find a distribution matching requirement `req`
+
+        If there is an active distribution for the requested project, this
+        returns it as long as it meets the version requirement specified by
+        `req`.  But, if there is an active distribution for the project and it
+        does *not* meet the `req` requirement, ``VersionConflict`` is raised.
+        If there is no active distribution for the requested project, ``None``
+        is returned.
+        """
+        dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+        if dist is not None and dist not in req:
+            raise VersionConflict(dist,req)     # XXX add more info
+        else:
+            return dist
+
+    def iter_entry_points(self, group, name=None):
+        """Yield entry point objects from `group` matching `name`
+
+        If `name` is None, yields all entry points in `group` from all
+        distributions in the working set, otherwise only ones matching
+        both `group` and `name` are yielded (in distribution order).
+        """
+        for dist in self:
+            entries = dist.get_entry_map(group)
+            if name is None:
+                for ep in entries.values():
+                    yield ep
+            elif name in entries:
+                yield entries[name]
+
+    def run_script(self, requires, script_name):
+        """Locate distribution for `requires` and run `script_name` script"""
+        ns = sys._getframe(1).f_globals
+        name = ns['__name__']
+        ns.clear()
+        ns['__name__'] = name
+        self.require(requires)[0].run_script(script_name, ns)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield distributions for non-duplicate projects in the working set
+
+        The yield order is the order in which the items' path entries were
+        added to the working set.
+        """
+        seen = {}
+        for item in self.entries:
+            if item not in self.entry_keys:
+                # workaround a cache issue
+                continue
+
+            for key in self.entry_keys[item]:
+                if key not in seen:
+                    seen[key]=1
+                    yield self.by_key[key]
+
+    def add(self, dist, entry=None, insert=True):
+        """Add `dist` to working set, associated with `entry`
+
+        If `entry` is unspecified, it defaults to the ``.location`` of `dist`.
+        On exit from this routine, `entry` is added to the end of the working
+        set's ``.entries`` (if it wasn't already present).
+
+        `dist` is only added to the working set if it's for a project that
+        doesn't already have a distribution in the set.  If it's added, any
+        callbacks registered with the ``subscribe()`` method will be called.
+        """
+        if insert:
+            dist.insert_on(self.entries, entry)
+
+        if entry is None:
+            entry = dist.location
+        keys = self.entry_keys.setdefault(entry,[])
+        keys2 = self.entry_keys.setdefault(dist.location,[])
+        if dist.key in self.by_key:
+            return      # ignore hidden distros
+
+        self.by_key[dist.key] = dist
+        if dist.key not in keys:
+            keys.append(dist.key)
+        if dist.key not in keys2:
+            keys2.append(dist.key)
+        self._added_new(dist)
+
+    def resolve(self, requirements, env=None, installer=None):
+        """List all distributions needed to (recursively) meet `requirements`
+
+        `requirements` must be a sequence of ``Requirement`` objects.  `env`,
+        if supplied, should be an ``Environment`` instance.  If
+        not supplied, it defaults to all distributions available within any
+        entry or distribution in the working set.  `installer`, if supplied,
+        will be invoked with each requirement that cannot be met by an
+        already-installed distribution; it should return a ``Distribution`` or
+        ``None``.
+        """
+
+        requirements = list(requirements)[::-1]  # set up the stack
+        processed = {}  # set of processed requirements
+        best = {}  # key -> dist
+        to_activate = []
+
+        while requirements:
+            req = requirements.pop(0)   # process dependencies breadth-first
+            if req in processed:
+                # Ignore cyclic or redundant dependencies
+                continue
+            dist = best.get(req.key)
+            if dist is None:
+                # Find the best distribution and add it to the map
+                dist = self.by_key.get(req.key)
+                if dist is None:
+                    if env is None:
+                        env = Environment(self.entries)
+                    dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, self, installer)
+                    if dist is None:
+                        #msg = ("The '%s' distribution was not found on this "
+                        #       "system, and is required by this application.")
+                        #raise DistributionNotFound(msg % req)
+
+                        # unfortunately, zc.buildout uses a str(err)
+                        # to get the name of the distribution here..
+                        raise DistributionNotFound(req)
+                to_activate.append(dist)
+            if dist not in req:
+                # Oops, the "best" so far conflicts with a dependency
+                raise VersionConflict(dist,req) # XXX put more info here
+            requirements.extend(dist.requires(req.extras)[::-1])
+            processed[req] = True
+
+        return to_activate    # return list of distros to activate
+
+    def find_plugins(self, plugin_env, full_env=None, installer=None,
+            fallback=True):
+        """Find all activatable distributions in `plugin_env`
+
+        Example usage::
+
+            distributions, errors = working_set.find_plugins(
+                Environment(plugin_dirlist)
+            )
+            map(working_set.add, distributions)  # add plugins+libs to sys.path
+            print 'Could not load', errors        # display errors
+
+        The `plugin_env` should be an ``Environment`` instance that contains
+        only distributions that are in the project's "plugin directory" or
+        directories. The `full_env`, if supplied, should be an ``Environment``
+        contains all currently-available distributions.  If `full_env` is not
+        supplied, one is created automatically from the ``WorkingSet`` this
+        method is called on, which will typically mean that every directory on
+        ``sys.path`` will be scanned for distributions.
+
+        `installer` is a standard installer callback as used by the
+        ``resolve()`` method. The `fallback` flag indicates whether we should
+        attempt to resolve older versions of a plugin if the newest version
+        cannot be resolved.
+
+        This method returns a 2-tuple: (`distributions`, `error_info`), where
+        `distributions` is a list of the distributions found in `plugin_env`
+        that were loadable, along with any other distributions that are needed
+        to resolve their dependencies.  `error_info` is a dictionary mapping
+        unloadable plugin distributions to an exception instance describing the
+        error that occurred. Usually this will be a ``DistributionNotFound`` or
+        ``VersionConflict`` instance.
+        """
+
+        plugin_projects = list(plugin_env)
+        plugin_projects.sort()  # scan project names in alphabetic order
+
+        error_info = {}
+        distributions = {}
+
+        if full_env is None:
+            env = Environment(self.entries)
+            env += plugin_env
+        else:
+            env = full_env + plugin_env
+
+        shadow_set = self.__class__([])
+        list(map(shadow_set.add, self))   # put all our entries in shadow_set
+
+        for project_name in plugin_projects:
+
+            for dist in plugin_env[project_name]:
+
+                req = [dist.as_requirement()]
+
+                try:
+                    resolvees = shadow_set.resolve(req, env, installer)
+
+                except ResolutionError:
+                    v = sys.exc_info()[1]
+                    error_info[dist] = v    # save error info
+                    if fallback:
+                        continue    # try the next older version of project
+                    else:
+                        break       # give up on this project, keep going
+
+                else:
+                    list(map(shadow_set.add, resolvees))
+                    distributions.update(dict.fromkeys(resolvees))
+
+                    # success, no need to try any more versions of this project
+                    break
+
+        distributions = list(distributions)
+        distributions.sort()
+
+        return distributions, error_info
+
+    def require(self, *requirements):
+        """Ensure that distributions matching `requirements` are activated
+
+        `requirements` must be a string or a (possibly-nested) sequence
+        thereof, specifying the distributions and versions required.  The
+        return value is a sequence of the distributions that needed to be
+        activated to fulfill the requirements; all relevant distributions are
+        included, even if they were already activated in this working set.
+        """
+        needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
+
+        for dist in needed:
+            self.add(dist)
+
+        return needed
+
+    def subscribe(self, callback):
+        """Invoke `callback` for all distributions (including existing ones)"""
+        if callback in self.callbacks:
+            return
+        self.callbacks.append(callback)
+        for dist in self:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def _added_new(self, dist):
+        for callback in self.callbacks:
+            callback(dist)
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        return (
+            self.entries[:], self.entry_keys.copy(), self.by_key.copy(),
+            self.callbacks[:]
+        )
+
+    def __setstate__(self, e_k_b_c):
+        entries, keys, by_key, callbacks = e_k_b_c
+        self.entries = entries[:]
+        self.entry_keys = keys.copy()
+        self.by_key = by_key.copy()
+        self.callbacks = callbacks[:]
+
+
+class Environment(object):
+    """Searchable snapshot of distributions on a search path"""
+
+    def __init__(self, search_path=None, platform=get_supported_platform(), python=PY_MAJOR):
+        """Snapshot distributions available on a search path
+
+        Any distributions found on `search_path` are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.
+
+        `platform` is an optional string specifying the name of the platform
+        that platform-specific distributions must be compatible with.  If
+        unspecified, it defaults to the current platform.  `python` is an
+        optional string naming the desired version of Python (e.g. ``'3.3'``);
+        it defaults to the current version.
+
+        You may explicitly set `platform` (and/or `python`) to ``None`` if you
+        wish to map *all* distributions, not just those compatible with the
+        running platform or Python version.
+        """
+        self._distmap = {}
+        self._cache = {}
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.python = python
+        self.scan(search_path)
+
+    def can_add(self, dist):
+        """Is distribution `dist` acceptable for this environment?
+
+        The distribution must match the platform and python version
+        requirements specified when this environment was created, or False
+        is returned.
+        """
+        return (self.python is None or dist.py_version is None
+            or dist.py_version==self.python) \
+            and compatible_platforms(dist.platform,self.platform)
+
+    def remove(self, dist):
+        """Remove `dist` from the environment"""
+        self._distmap[dist.key].remove(dist)
+
+    def scan(self, search_path=None):
+        """Scan `search_path` for distributions usable in this environment
+
+        Any distributions found are added to the environment.
+        `search_path` should be a sequence of ``sys.path`` items.  If not
+        supplied, ``sys.path`` is used.  Only distributions conforming to
+        the platform/python version defined at initialization are added.
+        """
+        if search_path is None:
+            search_path = sys.path
+
+        for item in search_path:
+            for dist in find_distributions(item):
+                self.add(dist)
+
+    def __getitem__(self,project_name):
+        """Return a newest-to-oldest list of distributions for `project_name`
+        """
+        try:
+            return self._cache[project_name]
+        except KeyError:
+            project_name = project_name.lower()
+            if project_name not in self._distmap:
+                return []
+
+        if project_name not in self._cache:
+            dists = self._cache[project_name] = self._distmap[project_name]
+            _sort_dists(dists)
+
+        return self._cache[project_name]
+
+    def add(self,dist):
+        """Add `dist` if we ``can_add()`` it and it isn't already added"""
+        if self.can_add(dist) and dist.has_version():
+            dists = self._distmap.setdefault(dist.key,[])
+            if dist not in dists:
+                dists.append(dist)
+                if dist.key in self._cache:
+                    _sort_dists(self._cache[dist.key])
+
+    def best_match(self, req, working_set, installer=None):
+        """Find distribution best matching `req` and usable on `working_set`
+
+        This calls the ``find(req)`` method of the `working_set` to see if a
+        suitable distribution is already active.  (This may raise
+        ``VersionConflict`` if an unsuitable version of the project is already
+        active in the specified `working_set`.)  If a suitable distribution
+        isn't active, this method returns the newest distribution in the
+        environment that meets the ``Requirement`` in `req`.  If no suitable
+        distribution is found, and `installer` is supplied, then the result of
+        calling the environment's ``obtain(req, installer)`` method will be
+        returned.
+        """
+        dist = working_set.find(req)
+        if dist is not None:
+            return dist
+        for dist in self[req.key]:
+            if dist in req:
+                return dist
+        return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install
+
+    def obtain(self, requirement, installer=None):
+        """Obtain a distribution matching `requirement` (e.g. via download)
+
+        Obtain a distro that matches requirement (e.g. via download).  In the
+        base ``Environment`` class, this routine just returns
+        ``installer(requirement)``, unless `installer` is None, in which case
+        None is returned instead.  This method is a hook that allows subclasses
+        to attempt other ways of obtaining a distribution before falling back
+        to the `installer` argument."""
+        if installer is not None:
+            return installer(requirement)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        """Yield the unique project names of the available distributions"""
+        for key in self._distmap.keys():
+            if self[key]: yield key
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        """In-place addition of a distribution or environment"""
+        if isinstance(other,Distribution):
+            self.add(other)
+        elif isinstance(other,Environment):
+            for project in other:
+                for dist in other[project]:
+                    self.add(dist)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Can't add %r to environment" % (other,))
+        return self
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        """Add an environment or distribution to an environment"""
+        new = self.__class__([], platform=None, python=None)
+        for env in self, other:
+            new += env
+        return new
+
+
+AvailableDistributions = Environment    # XXX backward compatibility
+
+
+class ExtractionError(RuntimeError):
+    """An error occurred extracting a resource
+
+    The following attributes are available from instances of this exception:
+
+    manager
+        The resource manager that raised this exception
+
+    cache_path
+        The base directory for resource extraction
+
+    original_error
+        The exception instance that caused extraction to fail
+    """
+
+
+class ResourceManager:
+    """Manage resource extraction and packages"""
+    extraction_path = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.cached_files = {}
+
+    def resource_exists(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Does the named resource exist?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).has_resource(resource_name)
+
+    def resource_isdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Is the named resource an existing directory?"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_isdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_filename(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a true filesystem path for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_filename(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_stream(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return a readable file-like object for specified resource"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_stream(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_string(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """Return specified resource as a string"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).get_resource_string(
+            self, resource_name
+        )
+
+    def resource_listdir(self, package_or_requirement, resource_name):
+        """List the contents of the named resource directory"""
+        return get_provider(package_or_requirement).resource_listdir(
+            resource_name
+        )
+
+    def extraction_error(self):
+        """Give an error message for problems extracting file(s)"""
+
+        old_exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
+        cache_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+
+        err = ExtractionError("""Can't extract file(s) to egg cache
+
+The following error occurred while trying to extract file(s) to the Python egg
+cache:
+
+  %s
+
+The Python egg cache directory is currently set to:
+
+  %s
+
+Perhaps your account does not have write access to this directory?  You can
+change the cache directory by setting the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment
+variable to point to an accessible directory.
+""" % (old_exc, cache_path)
+        )
+        err.manager = self
+        err.cache_path = cache_path
+        err.original_error = old_exc
+        raise err
+
+    def get_cache_path(self, archive_name, names=()):
+        """Return absolute location in cache for `archive_name` and `names`
+
+        The parent directory of the resulting path will be created if it does
+        not already exist.  `archive_name` should be the base filename of the
+        enclosing egg (which may not be the name of the enclosing zipfile!),
+        including its ".egg" extension.  `names`, if provided, should be a
+        sequence of path name parts "under" the egg's extraction location.
+
+        This method should only be called by resource providers that need to
+        obtain an extraction location, and only for names they intend to
+        extract, as it tracks the generated names for possible cleanup later.
+        """
+        extract_path = self.extraction_path or get_default_cache()
+        target_path = os.path.join(extract_path, archive_name+'-tmp', *names)
+        try:
+            _bypass_ensure_directory(target_path)
+        except:
+            self.extraction_error()
+
+        self._warn_unsafe_extraction_path(extract_path)
+
+        self.cached_files[target_path] = 1
+        return target_path
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _warn_unsafe_extraction_path(path):
+        """
+        If the default extraction path is overridden and set to an insecure
+        location, such as /tmp, it opens up an opportunity for an attacker to
+        replace an extracted file with an unauthorized payload. Warn the user
+        if a known insecure location is used.
+
+        See Distribute #375 for more details.
+        """
+        if os.name == 'nt' and not path.startswith(os.environ['windir']):
+            # On Windows, permissions are generally restrictive by default
+            #  and temp directories are not writable by other users, so
+            #  bypass the warning.
+            return
+        mode = os.stat(path).st_mode
+        if mode & stat.S_IWOTH or mode & stat.S_IWGRP:
+            msg = ("%s is writable by group/others and vulnerable to attack "
+                "when "
+                "used with get_resource_filename. Consider a more secure "
+                "location (set with .set_extraction_path or the "
+                "PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable)." % path)
+            warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning)
+
+    def postprocess(self, tempname, filename):
+        """Perform any platform-specific postprocessing of `tempname`
+
+        This is where Mac header rewrites should be done; other platforms don't
+        have anything special they should do.
+
+        Resource providers should call this method ONLY after successfully
+        extracting a compressed resource.  They must NOT call it on resources
+        that are already in the filesystem.
+
+        `tempname` is the current (temporary) name of the file, and `filename`
+        is the name it will be renamed to by the caller after this routine
+        returns.
+        """
+
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            # Make the resource executable
+            mode = ((os.stat(tempname).st_mode) | 0x16D) & 0xFFF # 0555, 07777
+            os.chmod(tempname, mode)
+
+    def set_extraction_path(self, path):
+        """Set the base path where resources will be extracted to, if needed.
+
+        If you do not call this routine before any extractions take place, the
+        path defaults to the return value of ``get_default_cache()``.  (Which
+        is based on the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, with various
+        platform-specific fallbacks.  See that routine's documentation for more
+        details.)
+
+        Resources are extracted to subdirectories of this path based upon
+        information given by the ``IResourceProvider``.  You may set this to a
+        temporary directory, but then you must call ``cleanup_resources()`` to
+        delete the extracted files when done.  There is no guarantee that
+        ``cleanup_resources()`` will be able to remove all extracted files.
+
+        (Note: you may not change the extraction path for a given resource
+        manager once resources have been extracted, unless you first call
+        ``cleanup_resources()``.)
+        """
+        if self.cached_files:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Can't change extraction path, files already extracted"
+            )
+
+        self.extraction_path = path
+
+    def cleanup_resources(self, force=False):
+        """
+        Delete all extracted resource files and directories, returning a list
+        of the file and directory names that could not be successfully removed.
+        This function does not have any concurrency protection, so it should
+        generally only be called when the extraction path is a temporary
+        directory exclusive to a single process.  This method is not
+        automatically called; you must call it explicitly or register it as an
+        ``atexit`` function if you wish to ensure cleanup of a temporary
+        directory used for extractions.
+        """
+        # XXX
+
+def get_default_cache():
+    """Determine the default cache location
+
+    This returns the ``PYTHON_EGG_CACHE`` environment variable, if set.
+    Otherwise, on Windows, it returns a "Python-Eggs" subdirectory of the
+    "Application Data" directory.  On all other systems, it's "~/.python-eggs".
+    """
+    try:
+        return os.environ['PYTHON_EGG_CACHE']
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+
+    if os.name!='nt':
+        return os.path.expanduser('~/.python-eggs')
+
+    app_data = 'Application Data'   # XXX this may be locale-specific!
+    app_homes = [
+        (('APPDATA',), None),       # best option, should be locale-safe
+        (('USERPROFILE',), app_data),
+        (('HOMEDRIVE','HOMEPATH'), app_data),
+        (('HOMEPATH',), app_data),
+        (('HOME',), None),
+        (('WINDIR',), app_data),    # 95/98/ME
+    ]
+
+    for keys, subdir in app_homes:
+        dirname = ''
+        for key in keys:
+            if key in os.environ:
+                dirname = os.path.join(dirname, os.environ[key])
+            else:
+                break
+        else:
+            if subdir:
+                dirname = os.path.join(dirname,subdir)
+            return os.path.join(dirname, 'Python-Eggs')
+    else:
+        raise RuntimeError(
+            "Please set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE enviroment variable"
+        )
+
+def safe_name(name):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard distribution name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric/. characters are replaced with a single '-'.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', name)
+
+
+def safe_version(version):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard version string
+
+    Spaces become dots, and all other non-alphanumeric characters become
+    dashes, with runs of multiple dashes condensed to a single dash.
+    """
+    version = version.replace(' ','.')
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '-', version)
+
+
+def safe_extra(extra):
+    """Convert an arbitrary string to a standard 'extra' name
+
+    Any runs of non-alphanumeric characters are replaced with a single '_',
+    and the result is always lowercased.
+    """
+    return re.sub('[^A-Za-z0-9.]+', '_', extra).lower()
+
+
+def to_filename(name):
+    """Convert a project or version name to its filename-escaped form
+
+    Any '-' characters are currently replaced with '_'.
+    """
+    return name.replace('-','_')
+
+
+class MarkerEvaluation(object):
+    values = {
+        'os_name': lambda: os.name,
+        'sys_platform': lambda: sys.platform,
+        'python_full_version': lambda: sys.version.split()[0],
+        'python_version': lambda:'%s.%s' % (sys.version_info[0], sys.version_info[1]),
+        'platform_version': platform.version,
+        'platform_machine': platform.machine,
+        'python_implementation': platform.python_implementation,
+    }
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_invalid_marker(cls, text):
+        """
+        Validate text as a PEP 426 environment marker; return an exception
+        if invalid or False otherwise.
+        """
+        try:
+            cls.evaluate_marker(text)
+        except SyntaxError:
+            return cls.normalize_exception(sys.exc_info()[1])
+        return False
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def normalize_exception(exc):
+        """
+        Given a SyntaxError from a marker evaluation, normalize the error message:
+         - Remove indications of filename and line number.
+         - Replace platform-specific error messages with standard error messages.
+        """
+        subs = {
+            'unexpected EOF while parsing': 'invalid syntax',
+            'parenthesis is never closed': 'invalid syntax',
+        }
+        exc.filename = None
+        exc.lineno = None
+        exc.msg = subs.get(exc.msg, exc.msg)
+        return exc
+
+    @classmethod
+    def and_test(cls, nodelist):
+        # MUST NOT short-circuit evaluation, or invalid syntax can be skipped!
+        return functools.reduce(operator.and_, [cls.interpret(nodelist[i]) for i in range(1,len(nodelist),2)])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def test(cls, nodelist):
+        # MUST NOT short-circuit evaluation, or invalid syntax can be skipped!
+        return functools.reduce(operator.or_, [cls.interpret(nodelist[i]) for i in range(1,len(nodelist),2)])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def atom(cls, nodelist):
+        t = nodelist[1][0]
+        if t == token.LPAR:
+            if nodelist[2][0] == token.RPAR:
+                raise SyntaxError("Empty parentheses")
+            return cls.interpret(nodelist[2])
+        raise SyntaxError("Language feature not supported in environment markers")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def comparison(cls, nodelist):
+        if len(nodelist)>4:
+            raise SyntaxError("Chained comparison not allowed in environment markers")
+        comp = nodelist[2][1]
+        cop = comp[1]
+        if comp[0] == token.NAME:
+            if len(nodelist[2]) == 3:
+                if cop == 'not':
+                    cop = 'not in'
+                else:
+                    cop = 'is not'
+        try:
+            cop = cls.get_op(cop)
+        except KeyError:
+            raise SyntaxError(repr(cop)+" operator not allowed in environment markers")
+        return cop(cls.evaluate(nodelist[1]), cls.evaluate(nodelist[3]))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_op(cls, op):
+        ops = {
+            symbol.test: cls.test,
+            symbol.and_test: cls.and_test,
+            symbol.atom: cls.atom,
+            symbol.comparison: cls.comparison,
+            'not in': lambda x, y: x not in y,
+            'in': lambda x, y: x in y,
+            '==': operator.eq,
+            '!=': operator.ne,
+        }
+        if hasattr(symbol, 'or_test'):
+            ops[symbol.or_test] = cls.test
+        return ops[op]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def evaluate_marker(cls, text, extra=None):
+        """
+        Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker on CPython 2.4+.
+        Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
+        Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
+
+        This implementation uses the 'parser' module, which is not implemented on
+        Jython and has been superseded by the 'ast' module in Python 2.6 and
+        later.
+        """
+        return cls.interpret(parser.expr(text).totuple(1)[1])
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _markerlib_evaluate(cls, text):
+        """
+        Evaluate a PEP 426 environment marker using markerlib.
+        Return a boolean indicating the marker result in this environment.
+        Raise SyntaxError if marker is invalid.
+        """
+        import _markerlib
+        # markerlib implements Metadata 1.2 (PEP 345) environment markers.
+        # Translate the variables to Metadata 2.0 (PEP 426).
+        env = _markerlib.default_environment()
+        for key in env.keys():
+            new_key = key.replace('.', '_')
+            env[new_key] = env.pop(key)
+        try:
+            result = _markerlib.interpret(text, env)
+        except NameError:
+            e = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            raise SyntaxError(e.args[0])
+        return result
+
+    if 'parser' not in globals():
+        # Fall back to less-complete _markerlib implementation if 'parser' module
+        # is not available.
+        evaluate_marker = _markerlib_evaluate
+
+    @classmethod
+    def interpret(cls, nodelist):
+        while len(nodelist)==2: nodelist = nodelist[1]
+        try:
+            op = cls.get_op(nodelist[0])
+        except KeyError:
+            raise SyntaxError("Comparison or logical expression expected")
+        return op(nodelist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def evaluate(cls, nodelist):
+        while len(nodelist)==2: nodelist = nodelist[1]
+        kind = nodelist[0]
+        name = nodelist[1]
+        if kind==token.NAME:
+            try:
+                op = cls.values[name]
+            except KeyError:
+                raise SyntaxError("Unknown name %r" % name)
+            return op()
+        if kind==token.STRING:
+            s = nodelist[1]
+            if s[:1] not in "'\"" or s.startswith('"""') or s.startswith("'''") \
+                    or '\\' in s:
+                raise SyntaxError(
+                    "Only plain strings allowed in environment markers")
+            return s[1:-1]
+        raise SyntaxError("Language feature not supported in environment markers")
+
+invalid_marker = MarkerEvaluation.is_invalid_marker
+evaluate_marker = MarkerEvaluation.evaluate_marker
+
+class NullProvider:
+    """Try to implement resources and metadata for arbitrary PEP 302 loaders"""
+
+    egg_name = None
+    egg_info = None
+    loader = None
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        self.loader = getattr(module, '__loader__', None)
+        self.module_path = os.path.dirname(getattr(module, '__file__', ''))
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return BytesIO(self.get_resource_string(manager, resource_name))
+
+    def get_resource_string(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return self._get(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_resource(self, resource_name):
+        return self._has(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def has_metadata(self, name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._has(self._fn(self.egg_info,name))
+
+    if sys.version_info <= (3,):
+        def get_metadata(self, name):
+            if not self.egg_info:
+                return ""
+            return self._get(self._fn(self.egg_info,name))
+    else:
+        def get_metadata(self, name):
+            if not self.egg_info:
+                return ""
+            return self._get(self._fn(self.egg_info,name)).decode("utf-8")
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self, name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+    def resource_isdir(self,resource_name):
+        return self._isdir(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_isdir(self,name):
+        return self.egg_info and self._isdir(self._fn(self.egg_info,name))
+
+    def resource_listdir(self,resource_name):
+        return self._listdir(self._fn(self.module_path,resource_name))
+
+    def metadata_listdir(self,name):
+        if self.egg_info:
+            return self._listdir(self._fn(self.egg_info,name))
+        return []
+
+    def run_script(self,script_name,namespace):
+        script = 'scripts/'+script_name
+        if not self.has_metadata(script):
+            raise ResolutionError("No script named %r" % script_name)
+        script_text = self.get_metadata(script).replace('\r\n','\n')
+        script_text = script_text.replace('\r','\n')
+        script_filename = self._fn(self.egg_info,script)
+        namespace['__file__'] = script_filename
+        if os.path.exists(script_filename):
+            execfile(script_filename, namespace, namespace)
+        else:
+            from linecache import cache
+            cache[script_filename] = (
+                len(script_text), 0, script_text.split('\n'), script_filename
+            )
+            script_code = compile(script_text,script_filename,'exec')
+            exec(script_code, namespace, namespace)
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _isdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _listdir(self, path):
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for unregistered loader type"
+        )
+
+    def _fn(self, base, resource_name):
+        if resource_name:
+            return os.path.join(base, *resource_name.split('/'))
+        return base
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        if hasattr(self.loader, 'get_data'):
+            return self.loader.get_data(path)
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Can't perform this operation for loaders without 'get_data()'"
+        )
+
+register_loader_type(object, NullProvider)
+
+
+class EggProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider based on a virtual filesystem"""
+
+    def __init__(self,module):
+        NullProvider.__init__(self,module)
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+    def _setup_prefix(self):
+        # we assume here that our metadata may be nested inside a "basket"
+        # of multiple eggs; that's why we use module_path instead of .archive
+        path = self.module_path
+        old = None
+        while path!=old:
+            if path.lower().endswith('.egg'):
+                self.egg_name = os.path.basename(path)
+                self.egg_info = os.path.join(path, 'EGG-INFO')
+                self.egg_root = path
+                break
+            old = path
+            path, base = os.path.split(path)
+
+class DefaultProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Provides access to package resources in the filesystem"""
+
+    def _has(self, path):
+        return os.path.exists(path)
+
+    def _isdir(self,path):
+        return os.path.isdir(path)
+
+    def _listdir(self,path):
+        return os.listdir(path)
+
+    def get_resource_stream(self, manager, resource_name):
+        return open(self._fn(self.module_path, resource_name), 'rb')
+
+    def _get(self, path):
+        stream = open(path, 'rb')
+        try:
+            return stream.read()
+        finally:
+            stream.close()
+
+register_loader_type(type(None), DefaultProvider)
+
+if importlib_bootstrap is not None:
+    register_loader_type(importlib_bootstrap.SourceFileLoader, DefaultProvider)
+
+
+class EmptyProvider(NullProvider):
+    """Provider that returns nothing for all requests"""
+
+    _isdir = _has = lambda self,path: False
+    _get = lambda self,path: ''
+    _listdir = lambda self,path: []
+    module_path = None
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        pass
+
+empty_provider = EmptyProvider()
+
+
+def build_zipmanifest(path):
+    """
+    This builds a similar dictionary to the zipimport directory
+    caches.  However instead of tuples, ZipInfo objects are stored.
+
+    The translation of the tuple is as follows:
+      * [0] - zipinfo.filename on stock pythons this needs "/" --> os.sep
+              on pypy it is the same (one reason why distribute did work
+              in some cases on pypy and win32).
+      * [1] - zipinfo.compress_type
+      * [2] - zipinfo.compress_size
+      * [3] - zipinfo.file_size
+      * [4] - len(utf-8 encoding of filename) if zipinfo & 0x800
+              len(ascii encoding of filename) otherwise
+      * [5] - (zipinfo.date_time[0] - 1980) << 9 |
+               zipinfo.date_time[1] << 5 | zipinfo.date_time[2]
+      * [6] - (zipinfo.date_time[3] - 1980) << 11 |
+               zipinfo.date_time[4] << 5 | (zipinfo.date_time[5] // 2)
+      * [7] - zipinfo.CRC
+    """
+    zipinfo = dict()
+    zfile = zipfile.ZipFile(path)
+    #Got ZipFile has not __exit__ on python 3.1
+    try:
+        for zitem in zfile.namelist():
+            zpath = zitem.replace('/', os.sep)
+            zipinfo[zpath] = zfile.getinfo(zitem)
+            assert zipinfo[zpath] is not None
+    finally:
+        zfile.close()
+    return zipinfo
+
+
+class ZipProvider(EggProvider):
+    """Resource support for zips and eggs"""
+
+    eagers = None
+
+    def __init__(self, module):
+        EggProvider.__init__(self,module)
+        self.zipinfo = build_zipmanifest(self.loader.archive)
+        self.zip_pre = self.loader.archive+os.sep
+
+    def _zipinfo_name(self, fspath):
+        # Convert a virtual filename (full path to file) into a zipfile subpath
+        # usable with the zipimport directory cache for our target archive
+        if fspath.startswith(self.zip_pre):
+            return fspath[len(self.zip_pre):]
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath,self.zip_pre)
+        )
+
+    def _parts(self,zip_path):
+        # Convert a zipfile subpath into an egg-relative path part list
+        fspath = self.zip_pre+zip_path  # pseudo-fs path
+        if fspath.startswith(self.egg_root+os.sep):
+            return fspath[len(self.egg_root)+1:].split(os.sep)
+        raise AssertionError(
+            "%s is not a subpath of %s" % (fspath,self.egg_root)
+        )
+
+    def get_resource_filename(self, manager, resource_name):
+        if not self.egg_name:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "resource_filename() only supported for .egg, not .zip"
+            )
+        # no need to lock for extraction, since we use temp names
+        zip_path = self._resource_to_zip(resource_name)
+        eagers = self._get_eager_resources()
+        if '/'.join(self._parts(zip_path)) in eagers:
+            for name in eagers:
+                self._extract_resource(manager, self._eager_to_zip(name))
+        return self._extract_resource(manager, zip_path)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _get_date_and_size(zip_stat):
+        size = zip_stat.file_size
+        date_time = zip_stat.date_time + (0, 0, -1)  # ymdhms+wday, yday, dst
+        #1980 offset already done
+        timestamp = time.mktime(date_time)
+        return timestamp, size
+
+    def _extract_resource(self, manager, zip_path):
+
+        if zip_path in self._index():
+            for name in self._index()[zip_path]:
+                last = self._extract_resource(
+                    manager, os.path.join(zip_path, name)
+                )
+            return os.path.dirname(last)  # return the extracted directory name
+
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+
+        if not WRITE_SUPPORT:
+            raise IOError('"os.rename" and "os.unlink" are not supported '
+                          'on this platform')
+        try:
+
+            real_path = manager.get_cache_path(
+                self.egg_name, self._parts(zip_path)
+            )
+
+            if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                return real_path
+
+            outf, tmpnam = _mkstemp(".$extract", dir=os.path.dirname(real_path))
+            os.write(outf, self.loader.get_data(zip_path))
+            os.close(outf)
+            utime(tmpnam, (timestamp,timestamp))
+            manager.postprocess(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            try:
+                rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+
+            except os.error:
+                if os.path.isfile(real_path):
+                    if self._is_current(real_path, zip_path):
+                        # the file became current since it was checked above,
+                        #  so proceed.
+                        return real_path
+                    elif os.name=='nt':     # Windows, del old file and retry
+                        unlink(real_path)
+                        rename(tmpnam, real_path)
+                        return real_path
+                raise
+
+        except os.error:
+            manager.extraction_error()  # report a user-friendly error
+
+        return real_path
+
+    def _is_current(self, file_path, zip_path):
+        """
+        Return True if the file_path is current for this zip_path
+        """
+        timestamp, size = self._get_date_and_size(self.zipinfo[zip_path])
+        if not os.path.isfile(file_path):
+            return False
+        stat = os.stat(file_path)
+        if stat.st_size!=size or stat.st_mtime!=timestamp:
+            return False
+        # check that the contents match
+        zip_contents = self.loader.get_data(zip_path)
+        f = open(file_path, 'rb')
+        file_contents = f.read()
+        f.close()
+        return zip_contents == file_contents
+
+    def _get_eager_resources(self):
+        if self.eagers is None:
+            eagers = []
+            for name in ('native_libs.txt', 'eager_resources.txt'):
+                if self.has_metadata(name):
+                    eagers.extend(self.get_metadata_lines(name))
+            self.eagers = eagers
+        return self.eagers
+
+    def _index(self):
+        try:
+            return self._dirindex
+        except AttributeError:
+            ind = {}
+            for path in self.zipinfo:
+                parts = path.split(os.sep)
+                while parts:
+                    parent = os.sep.join(parts[:-1])
+                    if parent in ind:
+                        ind[parent].append(parts[-1])
+                        break
+                    else:
+                        ind[parent] = [parts.pop()]
+            self._dirindex = ind
+            return ind
+
+    def _has(self, fspath):
+        zip_path = self._zipinfo_name(fspath)
+        return zip_path in self.zipinfo or zip_path in self._index()
+
+    def _isdir(self,fspath):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(fspath) in self._index()
+
+    def _listdir(self,fspath):
+        return list(self._index().get(self._zipinfo_name(fspath), ()))
+
+    def _eager_to_zip(self,resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.egg_root,resource_name))
+
+    def _resource_to_zip(self,resource_name):
+        return self._zipinfo_name(self._fn(self.module_path,resource_name))
+
+register_loader_type(zipimport.zipimporter, ZipProvider)
+
+
+class FileMetadata(EmptyProvider):
+    """Metadata handler for standalone PKG-INFO files
+
+    Usage::
+
+        metadata = FileMetadata("/path/to/PKG-INFO")
+
+    This provider rejects all data and metadata requests except for PKG-INFO,
+    which is treated as existing, and will be the contents of the file at
+    the provided location.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,path):
+        self.path = path
+
+    def has_metadata(self,name):
+        return name=='PKG-INFO'
+
+    def get_metadata(self,name):
+        if name=='PKG-INFO':
+            f = open(self.path,'rU')
+            metadata = f.read()
+            f.close()
+            return metadata
+        raise KeyError("No metadata except PKG-INFO is available")
+
+    def get_metadata_lines(self,name):
+        return yield_lines(self.get_metadata(name))
+
+
+class PathMetadata(DefaultProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for egg directories
+
+    Usage::
+
+        # Development eggs:
+
+        egg_info = "/path/to/PackageName.egg-info"
+        base_dir = os.path.dirname(egg_info)
+        metadata = PathMetadata(base_dir, egg_info)
+        dist_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(egg_info))[0]
+        dist = Distribution(basedir,project_name=dist_name,metadata=metadata)
+
+        # Unpacked egg directories:
+
+        egg_path = "/path/to/PackageName-ver-pyver-etc.egg"
+        metadata = PathMetadata(egg_path, os.path.join(egg_path,'EGG-INFO'))
+        dist = Distribution.from_filename(egg_path, metadata=metadata)
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, path, egg_info):
+        self.module_path = path
+        self.egg_info = egg_info
+
+
+class EggMetadata(ZipProvider):
+    """Metadata provider for .egg files"""
+
+    def __init__(self, importer):
+        """Create a metadata provider from a zipimporter"""
+
+        self.zipinfo = build_zipmanifest(importer.archive)
+        self.zip_pre = importer.archive+os.sep
+        self.loader = importer
+        if importer.prefix:
+            self.module_path = os.path.join(importer.archive, importer.prefix)
+        else:
+            self.module_path = importer.archive
+        self._setup_prefix()
+
+_declare_state('dict', _distribution_finders = {})
+
+def register_finder(importer_type, distribution_finder):
+    """Register `distribution_finder` to find distributions in sys.path items
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `distribution_finder` is a callable that, passed a path
+    item and the importer instance, yields ``Distribution`` instances found on
+    that path item.  See ``pkg_resources.find_on_path`` for an example."""
+    _distribution_finders[importer_type] = distribution_finder
+
+
+def find_distributions(path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible via `path_item`"""
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    finder = _find_adapter(_distribution_finders, importer)
+    return finder(importer, path_item, only)
+
+def find_eggs_in_zip(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """
+    Find eggs in zip files; possibly multiple nested eggs.
+    """
+    if importer.archive.endswith('.whl'):
+        # wheels are not supported with this finder
+        # they don't have PKG-INFO metadata, and won't ever contain eggs
+        return
+    metadata = EggMetadata(importer)
+    if metadata.has_metadata('PKG-INFO'):
+        yield Distribution.from_filename(path_item, metadata=metadata)
+    if only:
+        return  # don't yield nested distros
+    for subitem in metadata.resource_listdir('/'):
+        if subitem.endswith('.egg'):
+            subpath = os.path.join(path_item, subitem)
+            for dist in find_eggs_in_zip(zipimport.zipimporter(subpath), subpath):
+                yield dist
+
+register_finder(zipimport.zipimporter, find_eggs_in_zip)
+
+def find_nothing(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    return ()
+register_finder(object,find_nothing)
+
+def find_on_path(importer, path_item, only=False):
+    """Yield distributions accessible on a sys.path directory"""
+    path_item = _normalize_cached(path_item)
+
+    if os.path.isdir(path_item) and os.access(path_item, os.R_OK):
+        if path_item.lower().endswith('.egg'):
+            # unpacked egg
+            yield Distribution.from_filename(
+                path_item, metadata=PathMetadata(
+                    path_item, os.path.join(path_item,'EGG-INFO')
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            # scan for .egg and .egg-info in directory
+            for entry in os.listdir(path_item):
+                lower = entry.lower()
+                if lower.endswith('.egg-info') or lower.endswith('.dist-info'):
+                    fullpath = os.path.join(path_item, entry)
+                    if os.path.isdir(fullpath):
+                        # egg-info directory, allow getting metadata
+                        metadata = PathMetadata(path_item, fullpath)
+                    else:
+                        metadata = FileMetadata(fullpath)
+                    yield Distribution.from_location(
+                        path_item,entry,metadata,precedence=DEVELOP_DIST
+                    )
+                elif not only and lower.endswith('.egg'):
+                    for dist in find_distributions(os.path.join(path_item, entry)):
+                        yield dist
+                elif not only and lower.endswith('.egg-link'):
+                    entry_file = open(os.path.join(path_item, entry))
+                    try:
+                        entry_lines = entry_file.readlines()
+                    finally:
+                        entry_file.close()
+                    for line in entry_lines:
+                        if not line.strip(): continue
+                        for item in find_distributions(os.path.join(path_item,line.rstrip())):
+                            yield item
+                        break
+register_finder(pkgutil.ImpImporter,find_on_path)
+
+if importlib_bootstrap is not None:
+    register_finder(importlib_bootstrap.FileFinder, find_on_path)
+
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_handlers={})
+_declare_state('dict', _namespace_packages={})
+
+
+def register_namespace_handler(importer_type, namespace_handler):
+    """Register `namespace_handler` to declare namespace packages
+
+    `importer_type` is the type or class of a PEP 302 "Importer" (sys.path item
+    handler), and `namespace_handler` is a callable like this::
+
+        def namespace_handler(importer,path_entry,moduleName,module):
+            # return a path_entry to use for child packages
+
+    Namespace handlers are only called if the importer object has already
+    agreed that it can handle the relevant path item, and they should only
+    return a subpath if the module __path__ does not already contain an
+    equivalent subpath.  For an example namespace handler, see
+    ``pkg_resources.file_ns_handler``.
+    """
+    _namespace_handlers[importer_type] = namespace_handler
+
+def _handle_ns(packageName, path_item):
+    """Ensure that named package includes a subpath of path_item (if needed)"""
+    importer = get_importer(path_item)
+    if importer is None:
+        return None
+    loader = importer.find_module(packageName)
+    if loader is None:
+        return None
+    module = sys.modules.get(packageName)
+    if module is None:
+        module = sys.modules[packageName] = imp.new_module(packageName)
+        module.__path__ = []
+        _set_parent_ns(packageName)
+    elif not hasattr(module,'__path__'):
+        raise TypeError("Not a package:", packageName)
+    handler = _find_adapter(_namespace_handlers, importer)
+    subpath = handler(importer,path_item,packageName,module)
+    if subpath is not None:
+        path = module.__path__
+        path.append(subpath)
+        loader.load_module(packageName)
+        module.__path__ = path
+    return subpath
+
+def declare_namespace(packageName):
+    """Declare that package 'packageName' is a namespace package"""
+
+    imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        if packageName in _namespace_packages:
+            return
+
+        path, parent = sys.path, None
+        if '.' in packageName:
+            parent = '.'.join(packageName.split('.')[:-1])
+            declare_namespace(parent)
+            if parent not in _namespace_packages:
+                __import__(parent)
+            try:
+                path = sys.modules[parent].__path__
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise TypeError("Not a package:", parent)
+
+        # Track what packages are namespaces, so when new path items are added,
+        # they can be updated
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(parent,[]).append(packageName)
+        _namespace_packages.setdefault(packageName,[])
+
+        for path_item in path:
+            # Ensure all the parent's path items are reflected in the child,
+            # if they apply
+            _handle_ns(packageName, path_item)
+
+    finally:
+        imp.release_lock()
+
+def fixup_namespace_packages(path_item, parent=None):
+    """Ensure that previously-declared namespace packages include path_item"""
+    imp.acquire_lock()
+    try:
+        for package in _namespace_packages.get(parent,()):
+            subpath = _handle_ns(package, path_item)
+            if subpath: fixup_namespace_packages(subpath,package)
+    finally:
+        imp.release_lock()
+
+def file_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    """Compute an ns-package subpath for a filesystem or zipfile importer"""
+
+    subpath = os.path.join(path_item, packageName.split('.')[-1])
+    normalized = _normalize_cached(subpath)
+    for item in module.__path__:
+        if _normalize_cached(item)==normalized:
+            break
+    else:
+        # Only return the path if it's not already there
+        return subpath
+
+register_namespace_handler(pkgutil.ImpImporter,file_ns_handler)
+register_namespace_handler(zipimport.zipimporter,file_ns_handler)
+
+if importlib_bootstrap is not None:
+    register_namespace_handler(importlib_bootstrap.FileFinder, file_ns_handler)
+
+
+def null_ns_handler(importer, path_item, packageName, module):
+    return None
+
+register_namespace_handler(object,null_ns_handler)
+
+
+def normalize_path(filename):
+    """Normalize a file/dir name for comparison purposes"""
+    return os.path.normcase(os.path.realpath(filename))
+
+def _normalize_cached(filename,_cache={}):
+    try:
+        return _cache[filename]
+    except KeyError:
+        _cache[filename] = result = normalize_path(filename)
+        return result
+
+def _set_parent_ns(packageName):
+    parts = packageName.split('.')
+    name = parts.pop()
+    if parts:
+        parent = '.'.join(parts)
+        setattr(sys.modules[parent], name, sys.modules[packageName])
+
+
+def yield_lines(strs):
+    """Yield non-empty/non-comment lines of a ``basestring`` or sequence"""
+    if isinstance(strs,basestring):
+        for s in strs.splitlines():
+            s = s.strip()
+            if s and not s.startswith('#'):     # skip blank lines/comments
+                yield s
+    else:
+        for ss in strs:
+            for s in yield_lines(ss):
+                yield s
+
+LINE_END = re.compile(r"\s*(#.*)?$").match         # whitespace and comment
+CONTINUE = re.compile(r"\s*\\\s*(#.*)?$").match    # line continuation
+DISTRO = re.compile(r"\s*((\w|[-.])+)").match    # Distribution or extra
+VERSION = re.compile(r"\s*(<=?|>=?|==|!=)\s*((\w|[-.])+)").match  # ver. info
+COMMA = re.compile(r"\s*,").match               # comma between items
+OBRACKET = re.compile(r"\s*\[").match
+CBRACKET = re.compile(r"\s*\]").match
+MODULE = re.compile(r"\w+(\.\w+)*$").match
+EGG_NAME = re.compile(
+    r"(?P<name>[^-]+)"
+    r"( -(?P<ver>[^-]+) (-py(?P<pyver>[^-]+) (-(?P<plat>.+))? )? )?",
+    re.VERBOSE | re.IGNORECASE
+).match
+
+component_re = re.compile(r'(\d+ | [a-z]+ | \.| -)', re.VERBOSE)
+replace = {'pre':'c', 'preview':'c','-':'final-','rc':'c','dev':'@'}.get
+
+def _parse_version_parts(s):
+    for part in component_re.split(s):
+        part = replace(part,part)
+        if not part or part=='.':
+            continue
+        if part[:1] in '0123456789':
+            yield part.zfill(8)    # pad for numeric comparison
+        else:
+            yield '*'+part
+
+    yield '*final'  # ensure that alpha/beta/candidate are before final
+
+def parse_version(s):
+    """Convert a version string to a chronologically-sortable key
+
+    This is a rough cross between distutils' StrictVersion and LooseVersion;
+    if you give it versions that would work with StrictVersion, then it behaves
+    the same; otherwise it acts like a slightly-smarter LooseVersion. It is
+    *possible* to create pathological version coding schemes that will fool
+    this parser, but they should be very rare in practice.
+
+    The returned value will be a tuple of strings.  Numeric portions of the
+    version are padded to 8 digits so they will compare numerically, but
+    without relying on how numbers compare relative to strings.  Dots are
+    dropped, but dashes are retained.  Trailing zeros between alpha segments
+    or dashes are suppressed, so that e.g. "2.4.0" is considered the same as
+    "2.4". Alphanumeric parts are lower-cased.
+
+    The algorithm assumes that strings like "-" and any alpha string that
+    alphabetically follows "final"  represents a "patch level".  So, "2.4-1"
+    is assumed to be a branch or patch of "2.4", and therefore "2.4.1" is
+    considered newer than "2.4-1", which in turn is newer than "2.4".
+
+    Strings like "a", "b", "c", "alpha", "beta", "candidate" and so on (that
+    come before "final" alphabetically) are assumed to be pre-release versions,
+    so that the version "2.4" is considered newer than "2.4a1".
+
+    Finally, to handle miscellaneous cases, the strings "pre", "preview", and
+    "rc" are treated as if they were "c", i.e. as though they were release
+    candidates, and therefore are not as new as a version string that does not
+    contain them, and "dev" is replaced with an '@' so that it sorts lower than
+    than any other pre-release tag.
+    """
+    parts = []
+    for part in _parse_version_parts(s.lower()):
+        if part.startswith('*'):
+            if part<'*final':   # remove '-' before a prerelease tag
+                while parts and parts[-1]=='*final-': parts.pop()
+            # remove trailing zeros from each series of numeric parts
+            while parts and parts[-1]=='00000000':
+                parts.pop()
+        parts.append(part)
+    return tuple(parts)
+class EntryPoint(object):
+    """Object representing an advertised importable object"""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, module_name, attrs=(), extras=(), dist=None):
+        if not MODULE(module_name):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid module name", module_name)
+        self.name = name
+        self.module_name = module_name
+        self.attrs = tuple(attrs)
+        self.extras = Requirement.parse(("x[%s]" % ','.join(extras))).extras
+        self.dist = dist
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        s = "%s = %s" % (self.name, self.module_name)
+        if self.attrs:
+            s += ':' + '.'.join(self.attrs)
+        if self.extras:
+            s += ' [%s]' % ','.join(self.extras)
+        return s
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "EntryPoint.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    def load(self, require=True, env=None, installer=None):
+        if require: self.require(env, installer)
+        entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
+        for attr in self.attrs:
+            try:
+                entry = getattr(entry,attr)
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise ImportError("%r has no %r attribute" % (entry,attr))
+        return entry
+
+    def require(self, env=None, installer=None):
+        if self.extras and not self.dist:
+            raise UnknownExtra("Can't require() without a distribution", self)
+        list(map(working_set.add,
+            working_set.resolve(self.dist.requires(self.extras),env,installer)))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse(cls, src, dist=None):
+        """Parse a single entry point from string `src`
+
+        Entry point syntax follows the form::
+
+            name = some.module:some.attr [extra1,extra2]
+
+        The entry name and module name are required, but the ``:attrs`` and
+        ``[extras]`` parts are optional
+        """
+        try:
+            attrs = extras = ()
+            name,value = src.split('=',1)
+            if '[' in value:
+                value,extras = value.split('[',1)
+                req = Requirement.parse("x["+extras)
+                if req.specs: raise ValueError
+                extras = req.extras
+            if ':' in value:
+                value,attrs = value.split(':',1)
+                if not MODULE(attrs.rstrip()):
+                    raise ValueError
+                attrs = attrs.rstrip().split('.')
+        except ValueError:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "EntryPoint must be in 'name=module:attrs [extras]' format",
+                src
+            )
+        else:
+            return cls(name.strip(), value.strip(), attrs, extras, dist)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_group(cls, group, lines, dist=None):
+        """Parse an entry point group"""
+        if not MODULE(group):
+            raise ValueError("Invalid group name", group)
+        this = {}
+        for line in yield_lines(lines):
+            ep = cls.parse(line, dist)
+            if ep.name in this:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate entry point", group, ep.name)
+            this[ep.name]=ep
+        return this
+
+    @classmethod
+    def parse_map(cls, data, dist=None):
+        """Parse a map of entry point groups"""
+        if isinstance(data,dict):
+            data = data.items()
+        else:
+            data = split_sections(data)
+        maps = {}
+        for group, lines in data:
+            if group is None:
+                if not lines:
+                    continue
+                raise ValueError("Entry points must be listed in groups")
+            group = group.strip()
+            if group in maps:
+                raise ValueError("Duplicate group name", group)
+            maps[group] = cls.parse_group(group, lines, dist)
+        return maps
+
+
+def _remove_md5_fragment(location):
+    if not location:
+        return ''
+    parsed = urlparse(location)
+    if parsed[-1].startswith('md5='):
+        return urlunparse(parsed[:-1] + ('',))
+    return location
+
+
+class Distribution(object):
+    """Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry w/metadata"""
+    PKG_INFO = 'PKG-INFO'
+
+    def __init__(self, location=None, metadata=None, project_name=None,
+            version=None, py_version=PY_MAJOR, platform=None,
+            precedence=EGG_DIST):
+        self.project_name = safe_name(project_name or 'Unknown')
+        if version is not None:
+            self._version = safe_version(version)
+        self.py_version = py_version
+        self.platform = platform
+        self.location = location
+        self.precedence = precedence
+        self._provider = metadata or empty_provider
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_location(cls,location,basename,metadata=None,**kw):
+        project_name, version, py_version, platform = [None]*4
+        basename, ext = os.path.splitext(basename)
+        if ext.lower() in _distributionImpl:
+            # .dist-info gets much metadata differently
+            match = EGG_NAME(basename)
+            if match:
+                project_name, version, py_version, platform = match.group(
+                    'name','ver','pyver','plat'
+                )
+            cls = _distributionImpl[ext.lower()]
+        return cls(
+            location, metadata, project_name=project_name, version=version,
+            py_version=py_version, platform=platform, **kw
+        )
+
+    hashcmp = property(
+        lambda self: (
+            getattr(self,'parsed_version',()),
+            self.precedence,
+            self.key,
+            _remove_md5_fragment(self.location),
+            self.py_version,
+            self.platform
+        )
+    )
+    def __hash__(self): return hash(self.hashcmp)
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp < other.hashcmp
+    def __le__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp <= other.hashcmp
+    def __gt__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp > other.hashcmp
+    def __ge__(self, other):
+        return self.hashcmp >= other.hashcmp
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        if not isinstance(other, self.__class__):
+            # It's not a Distribution, so they are not equal
+            return False
+        return self.hashcmp == other.hashcmp
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    # These properties have to be lazy so that we don't have to load any
+    # metadata until/unless it's actually needed.  (i.e., some distributions
+    # may not know their name or version without loading PKG-INFO)
+
+    @property
+    def key(self):
+        try:
+            return self._key
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._key = key = self.project_name.lower()
+            return key
+
+    @property
+    def parsed_version(self):
+        try:
+            return self._parsed_version
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._parsed_version = pv = parse_version(self.version)
+            return pv
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        try:
+            return self._version
+        except AttributeError:
+            for line in self._get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO):
+                if line.lower().startswith('version:'):
+                    self._version = safe_version(line.split(':',1)[1].strip())
+                    return self._version
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Missing 'Version:' header and/or %s file" % self.PKG_INFO, self
+                )
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            dm = self.__dep_map = {None: []}
+            for name in 'requires.txt', 'depends.txt':
+                for extra,reqs in split_sections(self._get_metadata(name)):
+                    if extra:
+                        if ':' in extra:
+                            extra, marker = extra.split(':',1)
+                            if invalid_marker(marker):
+                                reqs=[] # XXX warn
+                            elif not evaluate_marker(marker):
+                                reqs=[]
+                        extra = safe_extra(extra) or None
+                    dm.setdefault(extra,[]).extend(parse_requirements(reqs))
+            return dm
+
+    def requires(self,extras=()):
+        """List of Requirements needed for this distro if `extras` are used"""
+        dm = self._dep_map
+        deps = []
+        deps.extend(dm.get(None,()))
+        for ext in extras:
+            try:
+                deps.extend(dm[safe_extra(ext)])
+            except KeyError:
+                raise UnknownExtra(
+                    "%s has no such extra feature %r" % (self, ext)
+                )
+        return deps
+
+    def _get_metadata(self,name):
+        if self.has_metadata(name):
+            for line in self.get_metadata_lines(name):
+                yield line
+
+    def activate(self,path=None):
+        """Ensure distribution is importable on `path` (default=sys.path)"""
+        if path is None: path = sys.path
+        self.insert_on(path)
+        if path is sys.path:
+            fixup_namespace_packages(self.location)
+            list(map(declare_namespace, self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt')))
+
+    def egg_name(self):
+        """Return what this distribution's standard .egg filename should be"""
+        filename = "%s-%s-py%s" % (
+            to_filename(self.project_name), to_filename(self.version),
+            self.py_version or PY_MAJOR
+        )
+
+        if self.platform:
+            filename += '-'+self.platform
+        return filename
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        if self.location:
+            return "%s (%s)" % (self,self.location)
+        else:
+            return str(self)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        try: version = getattr(self,'version',None)
+        except ValueError: version = None
+        version = version or "[unknown version]"
+        return "%s %s" % (self.project_name,version)
+
+    def __getattr__(self,attr):
+        """Delegate all unrecognized public attributes to .metadata provider"""
+        if attr.startswith('_'):
+            raise AttributeError(attr)
+        return getattr(self._provider, attr)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_filename(cls,filename,metadata=None, **kw):
+        return cls.from_location(
+            _normalize_cached(filename), os.path.basename(filename), metadata,
+            **kw
+        )
+
+    def as_requirement(self):
+        """Return a ``Requirement`` that matches this distribution exactly"""
+        return Requirement.parse('%s==%s' % (self.project_name, self.version))
+
+    def load_entry_point(self, group, name):
+        """Return the `name` entry point of `group` or raise ImportError"""
+        ep = self.get_entry_info(group,name)
+        if ep is None:
+            raise ImportError("Entry point %r not found" % ((group,name),))
+        return ep.load()
+
+    def get_entry_map(self, group=None):
+        """Return the entry point map for `group`, or the full entry map"""
+        try:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            ep_map = self._ep_map = EntryPoint.parse_map(
+                self._get_metadata('entry_points.txt'), self
+            )
+        if group is not None:
+            return ep_map.get(group,{})
+        return ep_map
+
+    def get_entry_info(self, group, name):
+        """Return the EntryPoint object for `group`+`name`, or ``None``"""
+        return self.get_entry_map(group).get(name)
+
+    def insert_on(self, path, loc = None):
+        """Insert self.location in path before its nearest parent directory"""
+
+        loc = loc or self.location
+        if not loc:
+            return
+
+        nloc = _normalize_cached(loc)
+        bdir = os.path.dirname(nloc)
+        npath= [(p and _normalize_cached(p) or p) for p in path]
+
+        for p, item in enumerate(npath):
+            if item==nloc:
+                break
+            elif item==bdir and self.precedence==EGG_DIST:
+                # if it's an .egg, give it precedence over its directory
+                if path is sys.path:
+                    self.check_version_conflict()
+                path.insert(p, loc)
+                npath.insert(p, nloc)
+                break
+        else:
+            if path is sys.path:
+                self.check_version_conflict()
+            path.append(loc)
+            return
+
+        # p is the spot where we found or inserted loc; now remove duplicates
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                np = npath.index(nloc, p+1)
+            except ValueError:
+                break
+            else:
+                del npath[np], path[np]
+                p = np  # ha!
+
+        return
+
+    def check_version_conflict(self):
+        if self.key=='setuptools':
+            return      # ignore the inevitable setuptools self-conflicts  :(
+
+        nsp = dict.fromkeys(self._get_metadata('namespace_packages.txt'))
+        loc = normalize_path(self.location)
+        for modname in self._get_metadata('top_level.txt'):
+            if (modname not in sys.modules or modname in nsp
+                    or modname in _namespace_packages):
+                continue
+            if modname in ('pkg_resources', 'setuptools', 'site'):
+                continue
+            fn = getattr(sys.modules[modname], '__file__', None)
+            if fn and (normalize_path(fn).startswith(loc) or
+                       fn.startswith(self.location)):
+                continue
+            issue_warning(
+                "Module %s was already imported from %s, but %s is being added"
+                " to sys.path" % (modname, fn, self.location),
+            )
+
+    def has_version(self):
+        try:
+            self.version
+        except ValueError:
+            issue_warning("Unbuilt egg for "+repr(self))
+            return False
+        return True
+
+    def clone(self,**kw):
+        """Copy this distribution, substituting in any changed keyword args"""
+        for attr in (
+            'project_name', 'version', 'py_version', 'platform', 'location',
+            'precedence'
+        ):
+            kw.setdefault(attr, getattr(self,attr,None))
+        kw.setdefault('metadata', self._provider)
+        return self.__class__(**kw)
+
+    @property
+    def extras(self):
+        return [dep for dep in self._dep_map if dep]
+
+
+class DistInfoDistribution(Distribution):
+    """Wrap an actual or potential sys.path entry w/metadata, .dist-info style"""
+    PKG_INFO = 'METADATA'
+    EQEQ = re.compile(r"([\(,])\s*(\d.*?)\s*([,\)])")
+
+    @property
+    def _parsed_pkg_info(self):
+        """Parse and cache metadata"""
+        try:
+            return self._pkg_info
+        except AttributeError:
+            from email.parser import Parser
+            self._pkg_info = Parser().parsestr(self.get_metadata(self.PKG_INFO))
+            return self._pkg_info
+
+    @property
+    def _dep_map(self):
+        try:
+            return self.__dep_map
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.__dep_map = self._compute_dependencies()
+            return self.__dep_map
+
+    def _preparse_requirement(self, requires_dist):
+        """Convert 'Foobar (1); baz' to ('Foobar ==1', 'baz')
+        Split environment marker, add == prefix to version specifiers as
+        necessary, and remove parenthesis.
+        """
+        parts = requires_dist.split(';', 1) + ['']
+        distvers = parts[0].strip()
+        mark = parts[1].strip()
+        distvers = re.sub(self.EQEQ, r"\1==\2\3", distvers)
+        distvers = distvers.replace('(', '').replace(')', '')
+        return (distvers, mark)
+
+    def _compute_dependencies(self):
+        """Recompute this distribution's dependencies."""
+        from _markerlib import compile as compile_marker
+        dm = self.__dep_map = {None: []}
+
+        reqs = []
+        # Including any condition expressions
+        for req in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Requires-Dist') or []:
+            distvers, mark = self._preparse_requirement(req)
+            parsed = next(parse_requirements(distvers))
+            parsed.marker_fn = compile_marker(mark)
+            reqs.append(parsed)
+
+        def reqs_for_extra(extra):
+            for req in reqs:
+                if req.marker_fn(override={'extra':extra}):
+                    yield req
+
+        common = frozenset(reqs_for_extra(None))
+        dm[None].extend(common)
+
+        for extra in self._parsed_pkg_info.get_all('Provides-Extra') or []:
+            extra = safe_extra(extra.strip())
+            dm[extra] = list(frozenset(reqs_for_extra(extra)) - common)
+
+        return dm
+
+
+_distributionImpl = {
+    '.egg': Distribution,
+    '.egg-info': Distribution,
+    '.dist-info': DistInfoDistribution,
+    }
+
+
+def issue_warning(*args,**kw):
+    level = 1
+    g = globals()
+    try:
+        # find the first stack frame that is *not* code in
+        # the pkg_resources module, to use for the warning
+        while sys._getframe(level).f_globals is g:
+            level += 1
+    except ValueError:
+        pass
+    from warnings import warn
+    warn(stacklevel = level+1, *args, **kw)
+
+
+def parse_requirements(strs):
+    """Yield ``Requirement`` objects for each specification in `strs`
+
+    `strs` must be an instance of ``basestring``, or a (possibly-nested)
+    iterable thereof.
+    """
+    # create a steppable iterator, so we can handle \-continuations
+    lines = iter(yield_lines(strs))
+
+    def scan_list(ITEM,TERMINATOR,line,p,groups,item_name):
+
+        items = []
+
+        while not TERMINATOR(line,p):
+            if CONTINUE(line,p):
+                try:
+                    line = next(lines)
+                    p = 0
+                except StopIteration:
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        "\\ must not appear on the last nonblank line"
+                    )
+
+            match = ITEM(line,p)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError("Expected "+item_name+" in",line,"at",line[p:])
+
+            items.append(match.group(*groups))
+            p = match.end()
+
+            match = COMMA(line,p)
+            if match:
+                p = match.end() # skip the comma
+            elif not TERMINATOR(line,p):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "Expected ',' or end-of-list in",line,"at",line[p:]
+                )
+
+        match = TERMINATOR(line,p)
+        if match: p = match.end()   # skip the terminator, if any
+        return line, p, items
+
+    for line in lines:
+        match = DISTRO(line)
+        if not match:
+            raise ValueError("Missing distribution spec", line)
+        project_name = match.group(1)
+        p = match.end()
+        extras = []
+
+        match = OBRACKET(line,p)
+        if match:
+            p = match.end()
+            line, p, extras = scan_list(
+                DISTRO, CBRACKET, line, p, (1,), "'extra' name"
+            )
+
+        line, p, specs = scan_list(VERSION,LINE_END,line,p,(1,2),"version spec")
+        specs = [(op,safe_version(val)) for op,val in specs]
+        yield Requirement(project_name, specs, extras)
+
+
+def _sort_dists(dists):
+    tmp = [(dist.hashcmp,dist) for dist in dists]
+    tmp.sort()
+    dists[::-1] = [d for hc,d in tmp]
+
+
+class Requirement:
+    def __init__(self, project_name, specs, extras):
+        """DO NOT CALL THIS UNDOCUMENTED METHOD; use Requirement.parse()!"""
+        self.unsafe_name, project_name = project_name, safe_name(project_name)
+        self.project_name, self.key = project_name, project_name.lower()
+        index = [(parse_version(v),state_machine[op],op,v) for op,v in specs]
+        index.sort()
+        self.specs = [(op,ver) for parsed,trans,op,ver in index]
+        self.index, self.extras = index, tuple(map(safe_extra,extras))
+        self.hashCmp = (
+            self.key, tuple([(op,parsed) for parsed,trans,op,ver in index]),
+            frozenset(self.extras)
+        )
+        self.__hash = hash(self.hashCmp)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        specs = ','.join([''.join(s) for s in self.specs])
+        extras = ','.join(self.extras)
+        if extras: extras = '[%s]' % extras
+        return '%s%s%s' % (self.project_name, extras, specs)
+
+    def __eq__(self,other):
+        return isinstance(other,Requirement) and self.hashCmp==other.hashCmp
+
+    def __contains__(self,item):
+        if isinstance(item,Distribution):
+            if item.key != self.key: return False
+            if self.index: item = item.parsed_version  # only get if we need it
+        elif isinstance(item,basestring):
+            item = parse_version(item)
+        last = None
+        compare = lambda a, b: (a > b) - (a < b) # -1, 0, 1
+        for parsed,trans,op,ver in self.index:
+            action = trans[compare(item,parsed)] # Indexing: 0, 1, -1
+            if action=='F':
+                return False
+            elif action=='T':
+                return True
+            elif action=='+':
+                last = True
+            elif action=='-' or last is None:   last = False
+        if last is None: last = True    # no rules encountered
+        return last
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return self.__hash
+
+    def __repr__(self): return "Requirement.parse(%r)" % str(self)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def parse(s):
+        reqs = list(parse_requirements(s))
+        if reqs:
+            if len(reqs)==1:
+                return reqs[0]
+            raise ValueError("Expected only one requirement", s)
+        raise ValueError("No requirements found", s)
+
+state_machine = {
+    #       =><
+    '<': '--T',
+    '<=': 'T-T',
+    '>': 'F+F',
+    '>=': 'T+F',
+    '==': 'T..',
+    '!=': 'F++',
+}
+
+
+def _get_mro(cls):
+    """Get an mro for a type or classic class"""
+    if not isinstance(cls,type):
+        class cls(cls,object): pass
+        return cls.__mro__[1:]
+    return cls.__mro__
+
+def _find_adapter(registry, ob):
+    """Return an adapter factory for `ob` from `registry`"""
+    for t in _get_mro(getattr(ob, '__class__', type(ob))):
+        if t in registry:
+            return registry[t]
+
+
+def ensure_directory(path):
+    """Ensure that the parent directory of `path` exists"""
+    dirname = os.path.dirname(path)
+    if not os.path.isdir(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
+
+def split_sections(s):
+    """Split a string or iterable thereof into (section,content) pairs
+
+    Each ``section`` is a stripped version of the section header ("[section]")
+    and each ``content`` is a list of stripped lines excluding blank lines and
+    comment-only lines.  If there are any such lines before the first section
+    header, they're returned in a first ``section`` of ``None``.
+    """
+    section = None
+    content = []
+    for line in yield_lines(s):
+        if line.startswith("["):
+            if line.endswith("]"):
+                if section or content:
+                    yield section, content
+                section = line[1:-1].strip()
+                content = []
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid section heading", line)
+        else:
+            content.append(line)
+
+    # wrap up last segment
+    yield section, content
+
+def _mkstemp(*args,**kw):
+    from tempfile import mkstemp
+    old_open = os.open
+    try:
+        os.open = os_open   # temporarily bypass sandboxing
+        return mkstemp(*args,**kw)
+    finally:
+        os.open = old_open  # and then put it back
+
+
+# Set up global resource manager (deliberately not state-saved)
+_manager = ResourceManager()
+def _initialize(g):
+    for name in dir(_manager):
+        if not name.startswith('_'):
+            g[name] = getattr(_manager, name)
+_initialize(globals())
+
+# Prepare the master working set and make the ``require()`` API available
+_declare_state('object', working_set = WorkingSet())
+try:
+    # Does the main program list any requirements?
+    from __main__ import __requires__
+except ImportError:
+    pass # No: just use the default working set based on sys.path
+else:
+    # Yes: ensure the requirements are met, by prefixing sys.path if necessary
+    try:
+        working_set.require(__requires__)
+    except VersionConflict:     # try it without defaults already on sys.path
+        working_set = WorkingSet([])    # by starting with an empty path
+        for dist in working_set.resolve(
+            parse_requirements(__requires__), Environment()
+        ):
+            working_set.add(dist)
+        for entry in sys.path:  # add any missing entries from sys.path
+            if entry not in working_set.entries:
+                working_set.add_entry(entry)
+        sys.path[:] = working_set.entries   # then copy back to sys.path
+
+require = working_set.require
+iter_entry_points = working_set.iter_entry_points
+add_activation_listener = working_set.subscribe
+run_script = working_set.run_script
+run_main = run_script   # backward compatibility
+# Activate all distributions already on sys.path, and ensure that
+# all distributions added to the working set in the future (e.g. by
+# calling ``require()``) will get activated as well.
+add_activation_listener(lambda dist: dist.activate())
+working_set.entries=[]
+list(map(working_set.add_entry,sys.path)) # match order