cluaupp 1.0.0 → 1.3.0

package/templates/game/libs/TopbarPlus/init.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+--!strict
+-- Cluaupp TopbarPlus — typed border. Public value is Icon.
+
+local Impl = require(script._impl)
+
+export type Icon = Impl.Icon
+
+return Impl

package/templates/game/libs/Twinkle/init.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+--!strict
+--[=[
+	@class Twinkle
+	UI motion without TweenService boilerplate: fade, slide, zoom, bounce, button styles.
+	Inspired by [Twinkle](https://devforum.roblox.com/t/twinkle-free-powerful-ui-animator-module/4512304).
+]=]
+local TweenService = game:GetService("TweenService")
+
+export type HoverType = "Lift" | "Bounce" | "Grow"
+export type PressType = "Shrink" | "Punch"
+export type TweenProps = {
+	BackgroundTransparency: number?,
+	TextTransparency: number?,
+	Position: UDim2?,
+	Size: UDim2?,
+}
+
+local Twinkle = {}
+
+local function tween(inst: Instance, info: TweenInfo, props: TweenProps): Tween
+	local t = TweenService:Create(inst, info, props)
+	t:Play()
+	return t
+end
+
+local function infoOf(speed: number?, style: Enum.EasingStyle?, dir: Enum.EasingDirection?): TweenInfo
+	return TweenInfo.new(speed or 0.25, style or Enum.EasingStyle.Quad, dir or Enum.EasingDirection.Out)
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within Twinkle
+	@param element GuiObject
+	@param show boolean
+	@param speed number?
+]=]
+function Twinkle.Fade(element: GuiObject, show: boolean, speed: number?)
+	element.Visible = true
+	tween(element, infoOf(speed), { BackgroundTransparency = if show then 0 else 1 })
+	if element:IsA("TextLabel") or element:IsA("TextButton") or element:IsA("TextBox") then
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed), { TextTransparency = if show then 0 else 1 })
+	end
+	if not show then
+		task.delay(speed or 0.25, function()
+			element.Visible = false
+		end)
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within Twinkle
+	@param element GuiObject
+	@param show boolean
+	@param speed number?
+]=]
+function Twinkle.FrameSlide(element: GuiObject, show: boolean, speed: number?)
+	local original = element.Position
+	if show then
+		element.Visible = true
+		element.Position = original + UDim2.fromOffset(0, 24)
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed), { Position = original, BackgroundTransparency = 0 })
+	else
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed), { Position = original + UDim2.fromOffset(0, 24), BackgroundTransparency = 1 })
+		task.delay(speed or 0.25, function()
+			element.Visible = false
+			element.Position = original
+		end)
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within Twinkle
+	@param element GuiObject
+	@param show boolean
+	@param speed number?
+]=]
+function Twinkle.FrameZoom(element: GuiObject, show: boolean, speed: number?)
+	local original = element.Size
+	if show then
+		element.Visible = true
+		element.Size = UDim2.new(original.X.Scale * 0.9, original.X.Offset, original.Y.Scale * 0.9, original.Y.Offset)
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed, Enum.EasingStyle.Back), { Size = original })
+	else
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed), {
+			Size = UDim2.new(original.X.Scale * 0.9, original.X.Offset, original.Y.Scale * 0.9, original.Y.Offset),
+		})
+		task.delay(speed or 0.25, function()
+			element.Visible = false
+			element.Size = original
+		end)
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within Twinkle
+	@param element GuiObject
+	@param speed number?
+	@param bouncePercent number?
+]=]
+function Twinkle.FrameBounce(element: GuiObject, speed: number?, bouncePercent: number?)
+	local original = element.Size
+	local percent = bouncePercent or 0.08
+	local bigger = UDim2.new(
+		original.X.Scale * (1 + percent),
+		original.X.Offset,
+		original.Y.Scale * (1 + percent),
+		original.Y.Offset
+	)
+	local t = tween(element, infoOf(speed or 0.12, Enum.EasingStyle.Quad, Enum.EasingDirection.Out), { Size = bigger })
+	t.Completed:Connect(function()
+		tween(element, infoOf(speed or 0.12, Enum.EasingStyle.Quad, Enum.EasingDirection.In), { Size = original })
+	end)
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within Twinkle
+	@param element GuiObject
+	@param hoverType string? -- Lift | Bounce | Grow
+	@param pressType string? -- Shrink | Punch
+	@param scalePercent number?
+]=]
+function Twinkle.SetButtonStyle(element: GuiObject, hoverType: HoverType?, pressType: PressType?, scalePercent: number?)
+	local original = element.Size
+	local originalPos = element.Position
+	local percent = scalePercent or 0.06
+	if element:IsA("GuiButton") then
+		element.MouseEnter:Connect(function()
+			if hoverType == "Lift" then
+				tween(element, infoOf(0.12), { Position = originalPos + UDim2.fromOffset(0, -4) })
+			else
+				Twinkle.FrameBounce(element, 0.1, percent)
+			end
+		end)
+		element.MouseLeave:Connect(function()
+			tween(element, infoOf(0.12), { Position = originalPos, Size = original })
+		end)
+		element.MouseButton1Down:Connect(function()
+			if pressType == "Punch" then
+				Twinkle.FrameBounce(element, 0.08, percent * 1.4)
+			else
+				local smaller = UDim2.new(
+					original.X.Scale * (1 - percent),
+					original.X.Offset,
+					original.Y.Scale * (1 - percent),
+					original.Y.Offset
+				)
+				tween(element, infoOf(0.08), { Size = smaller })
+			end
+		end)
+		element.MouseButton1Up:Connect(function()
+			tween(element, infoOf(0.1), { Size = original })
+		end)
+	end
+end
+
+export type Twinkle = typeof(Twinkle)
+
+return Twinkle

package/templates/game/libs/VfxUtil/init.luau

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+--!strict
+--[=[
+	@class VfxUtil
+	Emit, play, stop, scale, and clone visual-effect templates (ParticleEmitter,
+	Beam, Trail, Sound, Animation). There was no public GitHub for
+	lucaschaibub/vfx-util; this is the full Cluaupp system.
+
+	```lua
+	VfxUtil.Emit(attachment, 12)
+	local clone = VfxUtil.CloneOnto(template, character.HumanoidRootPart)
+	VfxUtil.Play(clone)
+	task.delay(2, function()
+		VfxUtil.DestroyAfter(clone, 0.4)
+	end)
+	```
+]=]
+local Debris = game:GetService("Debris")
+
+local VfxUtil = {}
+
+export type EffectInstance = ParticleEmitter | Beam | Trail | Sound | Fire | Smoke | Sparkles
+
+local function isEffect(inst: Instance): boolean
+	return inst:IsA("ParticleEmitter")
+		or inst:IsA("Beam")
+		or inst:IsA("Trail")
+		or inst:IsA("Sound")
+		or inst:IsA("Fire")
+		or inst:IsA("Smoke")
+		or inst:IsA("Sparkles")
+end
+
+local function collect(root: Instance): { Instance }
+	local found = {}
+	if isEffect(root) then
+		table.insert(found, root)
+	end
+	for _, child in root:GetDescendants() do
+		if isEffect(child) then
+			table.insert(found, child)
+		end
+	end
+	return found
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	@param root Instance -- Attachment, Part, or a folder of emitters
+	@param count number? -- particles to emit; default 8
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.Emit(root: Instance, count: number?)
+	local amount = count or 8
+	for _, inst in collect(root) do
+		if inst:IsA("ParticleEmitter") then
+			inst:Emit(amount)
+		elseif inst:IsA("Sound") then
+			inst:Play()
+		elseif inst:IsA("Beam") or inst:IsA("Trail") then
+			inst.Enabled = true
+		elseif inst:IsA("Fire") or inst:IsA("Smoke") or inst:IsA("Sparkles") then
+			inst.Enabled = true
+		end
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	Enables looping emitters / beams / trails and plays sounds.
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.Play(root: Instance)
+	for _, inst in collect(root) do
+		if inst:IsA("ParticleEmitter") or inst:IsA("Beam") or inst:IsA("Trail") then
+			inst.Enabled = true
+		elseif inst:IsA("Sound") then
+			inst:Play()
+		elseif inst:IsA("Fire") or inst:IsA("Smoke") or inst:IsA("Sparkles") then
+			inst.Enabled = true
+		end
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.Stop(root: Instance)
+	for _, inst in collect(root) do
+		if inst:IsA("ParticleEmitter") or inst:IsA("Beam") or inst:IsA("Trail") then
+			inst.Enabled = false
+		elseif inst:IsA("Sound") then
+			inst:Stop()
+		elseif inst:IsA("Fire") or inst:IsA("Smoke") or inst:IsA("Sparkles") then
+			inst.Enabled = false
+		end
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	@param template Instance
+	@param parent Instance
+	@return Instance
+	Clones a VFX template onto `parent` (Attachment / BasePart / Model).
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.CloneOnto(template: Instance, parent: Instance): Instance
+	local clone = template:Clone()
+	if clone:IsA("Attachment") and parent:IsA("BasePart") then
+		clone.Parent = parent
+	elseif clone:IsA("BasePart") and parent:IsA("Model") then
+		clone.Parent = parent
+	else
+		clone.Parent = parent
+	end
+	return clone
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	Scales NumberSequence / NumberRange particle sizes by `factor`.
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.Scale(root: Instance, factor: number)
+	for _, inst in collect(root) do
+		if inst:IsA("ParticleEmitter") then
+			local size = inst.Size
+			local keys = {}
+			for index, keypoint in size.Keypoints do
+				keys[index] = NumberSequenceKeypoint.new(keypoint.Time, keypoint.Value * factor, keypoint.Envelope * factor)
+			end
+			inst.Size = NumberSequence.new(keys)
+			local spread = inst.SpreadAngle
+			inst.SpreadAngle = Vector2.new(spread.X * factor, spread.Y * factor)
+		elseif inst:IsA("Sound") then
+			inst.PlaybackSpeed = math.clamp(inst.PlaybackSpeed * factor, 0.1, 4)
+		end
+	end
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	Stops effects then destroys the instance after `lifetime` seconds.
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.DestroyAfter(root: Instance, lifetime: number?)
+	local delayTime = lifetime or 1
+	task.delay(delayTime * 0.6, function()
+		if root.Parent then
+			VfxUtil.Stop(root)
+		end
+	end)
+	Debris:AddItem(root, delayTime)
+end
+
+--[=[
+	@within VfxUtil
+	One-shot: clone, emit, destroy.
+]=]
+function VfxUtil.Burst(template: Instance, parent: Instance, count: number?, lifetime: number?): Instance
+	local clone = VfxUtil.CloneOnto(template, parent)
+	VfxUtil.Emit(clone, count)
+	VfxUtil.DestroyAfter(clone, lifetime or 2)
+	return clone
+end
+
+export type VfxUtil = typeof(VfxUtil)
+
+return VfxUtil

package/templates/game/src/server/leaderstats.server.clpp

@@ -1,29 +1,29 @@
 #pragma strict
 #include <clpp/roblox.clh>
 
-void CreateLeaderstats(Player* player) {
-	if (player::FindFirstChild("leaderstats") != null) {
+void CreateLeaderstats(Player player) {
+	if (player.FindFirstChild("leaderstats") != null) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	Folder* leaderstats = new Folder(player);
+	Folder leaderstats = new Folder(player);
 	leaderstats.Name = "leaderstats";
 
-	IntValue* coins = new IntValue(leaderstats);
+	IntValue coins = new IntValue(leaderstats);
 	coins.Name = "Coins";
 	coins.Value = 0;
 
-	IntValue* level = new IntValue(leaderstats);
+	IntValue level = new IntValue(leaderstats);
 	level.Name = "Level";
 	level.Value = 0;
 }
 
 void init() {
-	Players* players = GetService<Players>();
+	Players players = GetService<Players>();
 
-	for (Player* player : players::GetPlayers()) {
+	for (Player player in players.GetPlayers()) {
 		CreateLeaderstats(player);
 	}
 
-	players::PlayerAdded::Connect(CreateLeaderstats);
+	players.PlayerAdded~>Connect(CreateLeaderstats);
 }

package/docs/README.md

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# Cluaupp documentation
-
-The live handbook is **[GitHub Pages](https://kartzrbx.github.io/Cluaupp/docs/)**. Language course: **[CL++](https://kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP/)**.
-
-## Start
-
-1. [Intro](intro.md)
-2. [Getting started](getting-started.md)
-3. [CLI](cli.md)
-4. [Config](config.md)
-5. [IntelliSense](intellisense.md) — `clpp install`
-6. [Migration](migration.md) — `.cpp` → `.clpp`
-
-## Language
-
-Syntax lives in CL++. Cluaupp [syntax](syntax.md) is a short map of operators and file tags.
-
-## Structure
-
-- [Architecture](architecture.md) — one file in, one file out
-- [OOP / file tags](oop/file-tags.md)
-
-## Roblox
-
-- [Libraries](libraries/index.md)
-- [Examples](examples/index.md)
-- [Comparison](comparison.md)

package/docs/architecture.md

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Architecture
-sidebar_position: 15
----
-
-# One file in, one file out
-
-roblox-ts decides **what instance you get** from a filename **key**. Cluaupp does the same for **CL++**.
-
-| Key | Rojo instance | Default output |
-| --- | --- | --- |
-| `*.server.clpp` | Script | `*.server.luau` |
-| `*.client.clpp` | LocalScript | `*.client.luau` |
-| `*.plugin.clpp` | Plugin Script | `*.plugin.luau` |
-| `.clp` / untagged `.clpp` | ModuleScript | `Name.luau` |
-| `.clh` | ModuleScript | `Name.luau` |
-
-```
-src/server/leaderstats.server.clpp  →  out/server/leaderstats.server.luau
-src/client/hud.client.clpp          →  out/client/hud.client.luau
-src/shared/config.clp               →  out/shared/config.luau
-src/shared/PlayerData.clh           →  out/shared/PlayerData.luau
-```
-
-`"architecture": true` (ForeverHD `Main` / Managers folders) is **not** generated in Cluaupp 1.0. `clpp` compiles each file; this CLI maps libraries and writes `out/`.
-
-`--!strict` is opt-in: `#pragma strict` or `"strict": true` in `cluaupp.config.json`.
-
-Language: [kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP](https://kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP/). File tags: [OOP](oop/file-tags.md).

package/docs/cli.md

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# CLI
-
-```
-cluaupp <command> [folder]
-```
-
-Cluaupp orchestrates **CL++ → Luau**. It does not parse the language. `clpp` (on PATH) compiles each `.clpp` / `.clp` / `.clh`; Cluaupp post-processes and writes `out/`.
-
-## `cluaupp init [folder]`
-
-Creates `src/server`, `src/client`, `src/shared`, Rojo, `rokit.toml`, and a CL++ scaffold. Then run `clpp install` for editor IntelliSense.
-
-## `cluaupp build [folder]`
-
-Compiles `src/**/*.{clpp,clp,clh}` into `out/`. One tagged file becomes one Luau instance.
-
-```bash
-cluaupp build
-cluaupp build --format --analyze
-cluaupp build --input ./src/server/boot.server.clpp --output ./out/boot.server.luau
-```
-
-`--format` runs StyLua; `--analyze` runs `luau-analyze`.
-
-If `clpp` is missing: install [CL++](https://github.com/KartzRbx/CLPP) or set `CLPP_PATH`.
-
-## `cluaupp watch [folder]`
-
-Rebuilds on save. Does not write `out/` while compile fails.
-
-## `cluaupp language`
-
-Prints `clpp api manifest` (extensions, tags, operators).
-
-## `cluaupp intellisense` / `cluaupp lsp`
-
-Delegates to CL++ (`clpp install`). Cluaupp only writes `files.associations` for `clpp`.
-
-## `cluaupp --version` / `--help`

package/docs/comparison.md

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-# Why Cluaupp
-
-## vs roblox-ts
-
-[roblox-ts](https://roblox-ts.com/) transpiles TypeScript → Luau. Cluaupp does the same job for **[CL++](https://kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP/)**: one familiar syntax, readable Luau, Roblox APIs as in Studio.
-
-`*.server.clpp` → Script, `*.client.clpp` → LocalScript, untagged → ModuleScript.
-
-## vs C++ → WASM
-
-Cluaupp never compiles native C++ or WASM. The language compiler is `clpp` (Rust). This package is init / Rojo / CluauppLibs.
-
-## When to use what
-
-| Goal | Tool |
-| --- | --- |
-| Game in TypeScript | roblox-ts |
-| Game in CL++ | **Cluaupp** + [`clpp`](https://github.com/KartzRbx/CLPP) |
-| Language reference | [kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP](https://kartzrbx.github.io/CLPP/) |

package/docs/config.md

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-# Configuration
-
-File: `cluaupp.config.json` at the game root (next to `src/`).
-
-```json
-{
-	"rootDir": "src",
-	"outDir": "out",
-	"strict": false,
-	"architecture": false
-}
-```
-
-| Field | Default | Effect |
-| --- | --- | --- |
-| `rootDir` | `"src"` | Where `.clpp` / `.clp` / `.clh` live |
-| `outDir` | `"out"` | Where Luau is written |
-| `strict` | `false` | Prefix `--!strict` when `clpp` did not already (overridden by `#pragma`) |
-| `architecture` | `false` | Ignored in 1.0 (always one file in, one file out) |
-
-## Rojo
-
-The template maps:
-
-- `out/server` → `ServerScriptService.Cluaupp`
-- `out/client` → `StarterPlayer.StarterPlayerScripts.Cluaupp`
-- `out/shared` → `ReplicatedStorage.Cluaupp`
-- `libs` → `ReplicatedStorage.CluauppLibs`
-
-`*.server.clpp` → `*.server.luau` (Script). `*.client.clpp` → LocalScript. `.clp` / `.clh` → ModuleScript.

package/docs/cpp-advanced.md

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
----
-title: Advanced Cluaupp
-sidebar_position: 14
----
-
-# Advanced Cluaupp
-
-The subset is intentional. What exists is enough for game scripts; what is missing is listed so you do not fight the compiler.
-
-## Supported
-
-- Functions, prototypes (headers only), `if` / `else` / `while` / range-`for` / `switch` (`case`, `default`, `break`)
-- `struct` types + `Class::` methods in a sibling `.h` / `.cpp`
-- `new Class(parent)`, `GetService<T>()`, `::` statics (`CFrame::lookAt`, `Enum::Material::Plastic`)
-- `static_cast<T>(x)`, `(void)x`, lambdas in `Connect` / `Add`
-- `static` / `constexpr` / `inline` specifiers, `LuaArray<T>`, `string_concat`
-- `->` methods and properties, `.` members, `Connect`
-- `const`, `auto`, `nullptr`, arithmetic, `&&` `||` `!=`, string `+`
-- Quoted includes, `.h` / `.hpp` as sources
-- Libraries via `#include <cluaupp/libs/...>` → `require(CluauppLibs.*)`
-
-## Not supported (yet)
-
-Full C++: templates besides `GetService<T>` / `static_cast` / `LuaArray`, `class` bodies as emitted metatables, `std::`, overloading as two runtimes, C-style `for`, macros, pointer arithmetic, JSX.
-
-If you need a custom type, it is usually a **ModuleScript in shared** (a `.cpp` of functions) or a Wally package, not a C++ class the compiler would lower to a metatable.
-
-## `::` vs `:` vs `.`
-
-| C++ | Luau | When |
-| --- | --- | --- |
-| `CFrame::lookAt(a, b)` | `CFrame.lookAt(a, b)` | datatype / enum / module static |
-| `MathUtils::Lerp(a, b, t)` | `MathUtils.Lerp(a, b, t)` | Cluaupp module function |
-| `Module3D::Attach3D(frame, model)` | `Module3D:Attach3D(frame, model)` | Module3D’s colon API |
-| `player->FindFirstChild("x")` | `player:FindFirstChild("x")` | Instance method |
-| `player->Name` | `player.Name` | property |
-| `janitor->Add(conn)` | `janitor:Add(conn)` | library method |
-
-## Init
-
-If a file defines `void init()`, Cluaupp calls `init()` at the end of the `.luau`. Use that as the Script / LocalScript entry. Shared modules should **not** define `init()` unless you want them to run on require.
-
-## Mixing extra Wally packages
-
-CluauppLibs already contains the full Janitor, Fusion, Cmdr, DataServiceV2, … systems (copied from GitHub into `runtime/`). Add Wally only for packages that are **not** in CluauppLibs. Headers in `include/cluaupp/libs/` match the shipped Luau.
-
-```cpp
-#include <cluaupp/libs/dataservice.hpp>
-
-void Grant(Player* player, int amount) {
-	Data* data = DataService::Server.WaitFor(player);
-	if (data == nullptr) {
-		return;
-	}
-	int coins = data->Get(DataService::Server.Paths.Currencies.Money);
-	data->Set(DataService::Server.Paths.Currencies.Money, coins + amount);
-}
-```
-
-`Paths.Currencies.Money` exists because **your** Template passed to `Init` had that field. Full copies: [Examples](examples/index.md).
-
-## Performance notes
-
-- Prefer `const` and locals over recomputing in `RenderStepped`.
-- `Net` already uses `buffer`. Batch when you can; do not fire per-heartbeat for every NPC.
-- Module3D is a ViewportFrame — fine for shops and inventory, not for cloning the whole map (same advice as the [original Module3D thread](https://devforum.roblox.com/t/module3d-v61-viewportframe-implementation/207383)).
-- Janitor `Cleanup` is O(tracked objects). Link to the Instance that owns the scope instead of a global janitor for the whole server.
-
-## Good C++ conduct that still applies
-
-1. **Initialize everything.** `int coins;` without a value is a bug; write `int coins = 0`.
-2. **Small functions.** One behavior, named after the behavior.
-3. **No magic numbers.** `const int MAX_INVENTORY = 20`.
-4. **Early return.** Flatten `if` pyramids.
-5. **Headers declare, scripts define.** Prototypes in `.h`, bodies in `.cpp`.
-6. **Do not share mutable statics across server and client** — use Net or DataService.
-
-See also: [syntax](syntax.md) (complete subset), [print and cout](print-cout.md), [libraries](libraries/index.md), [OOP](oop/index.md), [examples](examples/index.md), [comparison](comparison.md). Optimization notes on the site: [Optimization](https://kartzrbx.github.io/Cluaupp/docs/optimization.html).

package/docs/cpp-const.md

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
----
-title: const and immutability
-sidebar_position: 11
----
-
-# const and immutability
-
-A value that must not change should say so. In C++ that is `const`. Cluaupp emits Luau `const`, not `local x <const>`.
-
-```cpp
-const int STARTING_COINS = 0;
-const double GRAVITY = 196.2;
-```
-
-```luau
-const STARTING_COINS: number = 0
-const GRAVITY: number = 196.2
-```
-
-## Why it is a safety feature
-
-- Leaderstat starting values, product IDs, remote names, and animation speeds are configuration. If they are `local`, a later line can overwrite them by accident.
-- Reviewers see `const` and skip “could this mutate?”.
-- Luau `--!strict` rejects assignment to `const`.
-
-## What to keep mutable
-
-Player-owned numbers (`coins`, `combo`), UI state, and Janitor instances. Everything else defaults to `const` until you have a reason.
-
-```cpp
-const string REMOTE_COINS = "Coins";
-int coins = 0;
-
-void AddCoins(int amount) {
-	coins = coins + amount;
-}
-```
-
-`REMOTE_COINS` is a protocol name — immutable. `coins` is session state — mutable.
-
-## Immutability for tables and Instances
-
-`const` on a pointer does not freeze the Instance. `const Folder* stats` still has a mutable `Name` in Roblox. Treat “do not rebind the variable” and “do not mutate the object” as two separate decisions. For objects, prefer:
-
-- Create, parent, configure once, then only read.
-- Put mutations behind one function (`SetCoins`) instead of writing `coins.Value` from five scripts.
-
-## DataService paths
-
-Path tokens (`"Currencies.Coins"`) should be `const string` or a shared header. Never concatenate remote or datastore keys from user input.
-
-Next: [safety](cpp-safety.md).