@umacloud/knowledge 1.0.1
This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
- package/00-governance/governance-capabilities.md +557 -0
- package/00-governance/knowledge-map.md +39 -0
- package/00-governance/maintenance-policy.md +76 -0
- package/00-governance/review-checklist.md +81 -0
- package/README.md +13 -0
- package/ai/01-standards/agent-development-complete.md +691 -0
- package/ai/01-standards/llm-application-complete.md +488 -0
- package/ai/01-standards/mlops-complete.md +798 -0
- package/ai/01-standards/prompt-engineering-complete.md +646 -0
- package/ai/01-standards/rag-architecture-complete.md +649 -0
- package/ai/02-playbooks/llm-evaluation-playbook.md +847 -0
- package/ai/03-checklists/ai-project-checklist.md +215 -0
- package/ai/04-antipatterns/ai-antipatterns.md +661 -0
- package/ai/05-cases/case-rag-production.md +147 -0
- package/ai/06-glossary/ai-glossary.md +162 -0
- package/ai/agent-evaluation-benchmark.md +53 -0
- package/ai/ai-agent-memory-context-management.md +41 -0
- package/ai/ai-cost-capacity-optimization-playbook.md +42 -0
- package/ai/ai-data-security-and-compliance-playbook.md +37 -0
- package/ai/ai-domain-index-and-checklist.md +40 -0
- package/ai/ai-governance-maturity-model.md +50 -0
- package/ai/ai-model-selection-and-routing-strategy.md +47 -0
- package/ai/ai-observability-and-oncall-runbook.md +52 -0
- package/ai/ai-rag-engineering-playbook.md +42 -0
- package/ai/ai-red-team-and-safety-evaluation.md +42 -0
- package/ai/ai-release-readiness-and-rollback-gate.md +42 -0
- package/ai/llm-agent-engineering-deep-dive.md +57 -0
- package/ai/prompt-and-tool-guardrails.md +52 -0
- package/api/01-standards/enterprise-api-standards.md +198 -0
- package/api/01-standards/rest-api-design-guide.md +63 -0
- package/api/02-playbooks/api-pagination-playbook.md +93 -0
- package/api/02-playbooks/graphql-production-playbook.md +176 -0
- package/api/03-checklists/api-review-checklist.md +55 -0
- package/api/04-antipatterns/api-antipatterns.md +112 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/api-gateway-patterns.md +496 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/cloud-native-patterns.md +644 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/distributed-systems-patterns.md +591 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/event-driven-architecture.md +595 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/microservices-patterns-complete.md +968 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/microservices-patterns.md +495 -0
- package/architecture/01-standards/system-design-interview.md +664 -0
- package/architecture/02-playbooks/microservices-patterns-playbook.md +137 -0
- package/architecture/02-playbooks/migration-playbook.md +780 -0
- package/architecture/02-playbooks/system-design-playbook.md +779 -0
- package/architecture/03-checklists/architecture-decision-checklist.md +297 -0
- package/architecture/04-antipatterns/architecture-antipatterns.md +417 -0
- package/architecture/05-cases/case-netflix-microservices.md +413 -0
- package/architecture/06-glossary/architecture-glossary.md +164 -0
- package/architecture/adr-template-and-examples.md +38 -0
- package/architecture/api-gateway-deep-dive.md +1291 -0
- package/architecture/configuration-management.md +1162 -0
- package/architecture/distributed-transactions.md +1220 -0
- package/architecture/microservices-complete.md +735 -0
- package/architecture/resilience-and-disaster-patterns.md +37 -0
- package/architecture/service-governance.md +1198 -0
- package/architecture/system-architecture-deep-dive.md +37 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/analytics-and-growth.md +65 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/api-and-error-conventions.md +120 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/application-layering-and-packaging.md +160 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/auth-implementation.md +104 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/backend-framework-idioms.md +74 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/background-jobs-and-async.md +66 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/caching-strategies-complete.md +390 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/config-and-observability.md +77 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/data-modeling-and-persistence.md +94 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/django-complete.md +1765 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/email-and-notifications.md +64 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/fastapi-complete.md +925 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/file-upload-and-storage.md +66 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/graphql-api-complete.md +416 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/llm-application-standard.md +78 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/message-queue-patterns.md +379 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/microservices-and-distributed.md +78 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/nestjs-complete.md +2167 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/payment-integration.md +80 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/rate-limiting-complete.md +451 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/realtime-and-websocket.md +65 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/search-and-filtering.md +64 -0
- package/backend/01-standards/spring-boot-complete.md +445 -0
- package/backend/02-playbooks/api-design-playbook.md +718 -0
- package/backend/02-playbooks/email-send-playbook.md +130 -0
- package/backend/02-playbooks/file-upload-s3-playbook.md +153 -0
- package/backend/02-playbooks/typescript-enterprise-playbook.md +133 -0
- package/backend/02-playbooks/websocket-realtime-playbook.md +154 -0
- package/backend/03-checklists/api-launch-checklist.md +189 -0
- package/backend/04-antipatterns/backend-antipatterns.md +1051 -0
- package/blockchain/01-standards/blockchain-basics.md +557 -0
- package/blockchain/01-standards/smart-contract-development.md +1315 -0
- package/cicd/01-standards/deployment-and-delivery-standard.md +96 -0
- package/cicd/01-standards/github-actions-complete.md +473 -0
- package/cicd/01-standards/release-and-store-submission.md +75 -0
- package/cicd/02-playbooks/cicd-pipeline-playbook.md +144 -0
- package/cicd/02-playbooks/release-management-playbook.md +605 -0
- package/cicd/03-checklists/pipeline-security-checklist.md +168 -0
- package/cicd/04-antipatterns/cicd-antipatterns.md +589 -0
- package/cicd/05-cases/case-deployment-automation.md +221 -0
- package/cicd/05-cases/case-gitops-transformation.md +212 -0
- package/cicd/06-glossary/cicd-glossary.md +114 -0
- package/cicd/cicd-blueprint-deep-dive.md +38 -0
- package/cicd/release-readiness-gate.md +37 -0
- package/cloud-native/01-standards/container-security.md +741 -0
- package/cloud-native/01-standards/kubernetes-complete.md +812 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/api-gateway-playbook.md +155 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/gitops-with-argocd.md +760 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/k8s-troubleshooting-playbook.md +1942 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/message-queue-playbook.md +129 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/multicloud-governance.md +726 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/serverless-patterns.md +788 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/service-mesh-playbook.md +612 -0
- package/cloud-native/02-playbooks/terraform-iac-playbook.md +143 -0
- package/cloud-native/03-checklists/container-security-checklist.md +431 -0
- package/cloud-native/03-checklists/k8s-production-readiness-checklist.md +460 -0
- package/cloud-native/04-antipatterns/container-antipatterns.md +660 -0
- package/cloud-native/04-antipatterns/k8s-antipatterns.md +743 -0
- package/cloud-native/05-cases/case-k8s-migration.md +478 -0
- package/cloud-native/05-cases/case-k8s-scaling.md +642 -0
- package/cloud-native/05-cases/case-k8s-security-incident.md +397 -0
- package/cloud-native/06-glossary/cloud-native-glossary.md +337 -0
- package/cross-platform/01-standards/cross-platform-frameworks.md +83 -0
- package/cross-platform/01-standards/platform-selection-and-architecture.md +77 -0
- package/data/01-standards/elasticsearch-complete.md +2098 -0
- package/data/01-standards/postgresql-complete.md +1613 -0
- package/data/01-standards/redis-complete.md +1527 -0
- package/data/02-playbooks/database-optimization-playbook.md +403 -0
- package/data/02-playbooks/elasticsearch-production-playbook.md +132 -0
- package/data/03-checklists/database-launch-checklist.md +187 -0
- package/data/04-antipatterns/database-antipatterns.md +873 -0
- package/data/05-cases/case-database-migration.md +310 -0
- package/data/06-glossary/database-glossary.md +440 -0
- package/data/data-governance-and-modeling-deep-dive.md +39 -0
- package/data-engineering/01-standards/airflow-complete.md +523 -0
- package/data-engineering/01-standards/kafka-complete.md +1521 -0
- package/data-engineering/02-playbooks/spark-etl-playbook.md +496 -0
- package/data-engineering/03-checklists/pipeline-launch-checklist.md +194 -0
- package/data-engineering/04-antipatterns/data-pipeline-antipatterns.md +684 -0
- package/data-engineering/05-cases/case-real-time-pipeline.md +355 -0
- package/data-engineering/06-glossary/data-engineering-glossary.md +429 -0
- package/database/01-standards/database-schema-standards.md +147 -0
- package/database/02-playbooks/postgresql-optimization-quick.md +52 -0
- package/database/02-playbooks/postgresql-performance-optimization.md +58 -0
- package/database/02-playbooks/postgresql-production-playbook.md +146 -0
- package/database/02-playbooks/redis-caching-playbook.md +117 -0
- package/database/03-checklists/database-review-checklist.md +50 -0
- package/database/04-antipatterns/database-antipatterns.md +112 -0
- package/design/01-standards/ui-design-system-complete.md +423 -0
- package/design/02-playbooks/design-handoff-playbook.md +254 -0
- package/design/02-playbooks/design-review-playbook.md +388 -0
- package/design/03-checklists/design-review-checklist.md +246 -0
- package/design/04-antipatterns/design-antipatterns.md +378 -0
- package/design/05-cases/case-design-system-adoption.md +328 -0
- package/design/06-glossary/design-glossary.md +329 -0
- package/design/ui-full-lifecycle-cross-platform-playbook.md +571 -0
- package/design/ux-system-deep-dive.md +38 -0
- package/design-systems/00-craft-rules.md +71 -0
- package/design-systems/aesthetic-families.md +43 -0
- package/design-systems/anti-ai-slop.md +162 -0
- package/design-systems/bold-geometric.md +120 -0
- package/design-systems/brutalist-bold.md +103 -0
- package/design-systems/editorial-clean.md +109 -0
- package/design-systems/glass-aurora.md +108 -0
- package/design-systems/modern-minimal.md +145 -0
- package/design-systems/premium-luxury.md +106 -0
- package/design-systems/product-type-design-map.md +48 -0
- package/design-systems/soft-warm.md +123 -0
- package/design-systems/tech-utility.md +113 -0
- package/desktop/01-standards/desktop-app-standard.md +72 -0
- package/desktop/01-standards/desktop-design.md +71 -0
- package/development/00-governance/document-template.md +41 -0
- package/development/01-standards/api-versioning-strategies.md +432 -0
- package/development/01-standards/authentication-patterns-complete.md +479 -0
- package/development/01-standards/css-architecture-complete.md +550 -0
- package/development/01-standards/database-migration-strategies.md +484 -0
- package/development/01-standards/elasticsearch-complete.md +347 -0
- package/development/01-standards/git-complete.md +371 -0
- package/development/01-standards/golang-complete.md +1565 -0
- package/development/01-standards/graphql-complete.md +298 -0
- package/development/01-standards/javascript-bundlers-complete.md +469 -0
- package/development/01-standards/javascript-typescript-complete.md +528 -0
- package/development/01-standards/jest-complete.md +275 -0
- package/development/01-standards/linux-complete.md +234 -0
- package/development/01-standards/logging-observability-complete.md +526 -0
- package/development/01-standards/microservices-communication.md +502 -0
- package/development/01-standards/mongodb-complete.md +406 -0
- package/development/01-standards/oauth2-complete.md +285 -0
- package/development/01-standards/performance-optimization-complete.md +289 -0
- package/development/01-standards/playwright-complete.md +247 -0
- package/development/01-standards/postgresql-complete.md +456 -0
- package/development/01-standards/pytest-complete.md +340 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-async-programming.md +902 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-complete.md +956 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-decorators-complete.md +799 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-design-patterns.md +2854 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-packaging-distribution.md +420 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-testing-strategies.md +607 -0
- package/development/01-standards/python-web-frameworks-comparison.md +471 -0
- package/development/01-standards/redis-complete.md +317 -0
- package/development/01-standards/rest-api-complete.md +316 -0
- package/development/01-standards/rust-complete.md +578 -0
- package/development/01-standards/typescript-advanced-types.md +1513 -0
- package/development/01-standards/web-security-complete.md +292 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/api-design-playbook.md +810 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/database-migration-playbook.md +580 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/debugging-playbook.md +692 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/feature-delivery-playbook.md +430 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/incident-hotfix-playbook.md +387 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/performance-optimization-playbook.md +531 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/performance-tuning-playbook.md +652 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/refactor-playbook.md +403 -0
- package/development/02-playbooks/release-playbook.md +469 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/architecture-review-checklist.md +168 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/data-migration-checklist.md +157 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/oncall-handover-checklist.md +173 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/pr-checklist.md +158 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/production-readiness-checklist.md +190 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/release-readiness-checklist.md +154 -0
- package/development/03-checklists/security-review-checklist.md +182 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/api-antipatterns.md +657 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/architecture-antipatterns.md +686 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/backend-antipatterns.md +648 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/cicd-antipatterns.md +540 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/code-smell-antipatterns.md +571 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/data-antipatterns.md +658 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/database-antipatterns.md +578 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/frontend-antipatterns.md +635 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/reliability-antipatterns.md +700 -0
- package/development/04-antipatterns/security-antipatterns.md +747 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-api-version-migration.md +428 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-authorization-hardening.md +383 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-bluegreen-rollback.md +466 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-cache-snowball-protection.md +485 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-ci-cd-pipeline.md +544 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-database-scaling.md +500 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-db-hotspot-optimization.md +487 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-incident-mttr-reduction.md +563 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-microservice-migration.md +375 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-performance-optimization.md +406 -0
- package/development/05-cases/case-security-incident-response.md +345 -0
- package/development/06-glossary/full-stack-glossary.md +166 -0
- package/development/09-maturity/quarterly-audit-template.md +35 -0
- package/development/11-ui-excellence/ui-aesthetic-system.md +41 -0
- package/development/11-ui-excellence/ui-engineering-excellence.md +435 -0
- package/development/12-scenarios/development-scenarios-guide.md +565 -0
- package/development/13-implementation-assets/implementation-toolkit.md +282 -0
- package/development/13-implementation-assets/knowledge-gates-execution.md +43 -0
- package/development/14-full-lifecycle/software-lifecycle-gates.md +511 -0
- package/development/15-lifecycle-templates/project-templates-collection.md +791 -0
- package/development/api-contract-and-versioning-guide.md +36 -0
- package/development/api-governance-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/backend-engineering-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/code-review-quality-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/concurrency-reliability-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/database-engineering-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/engineering-effectiveness-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/engineering-standards-deep-dive.md +38 -0
- package/development/frontend-engineering-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/performance-capacity-complete.md +43 -0
- package/development/refactor-migration-complete.md +42 -0
- package/development/refactoring-and-techdebt-playbook.md +37 -0
- package/development/security-in-development-complete.md +43 -0
- package/devops/01-standards/cicd-pipeline-complete.md +262 -0
- package/devops/01-standards/docker-complete.md +1490 -0
- package/devops/01-standards/github-actions-complete.md +337 -0
- package/devops/01-standards/kubernetes-complete.md +638 -0
- package/devops/01-standards/terraform-complete.md +2117 -0
- package/devops/02-playbooks/docker-compose-playbook.md +233 -0
- package/devops/02-playbooks/docker-k8s-production-playbook.md +186 -0
- package/devops/02-playbooks/docker-production-playbook.md +952 -0
- package/edge-iot/01-standards/edge-iot-complete.md +473 -0
- package/experts/architect/api-design.md +178 -0
- package/experts/architect/methodology.md +124 -0
- package/experts/architect/security.md +75 -0
- package/experts/backend-lead/methodology.md +216 -0
- package/experts/devops/methodology.md +160 -0
- package/experts/frontend-lead/methodology.md +178 -0
- package/experts/product-manager/industry/ecommerce.md +43 -0
- package/experts/product-manager/industry/saas.md +40 -0
- package/experts/product-manager/methodology.md +97 -0
- package/experts/qa-lead/methodology.md +123 -0
- package/experts/qa-lead/test-strategy.md +128 -0
- package/experts/uiux-designer/methodology.md +125 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/accessibility-complete.md +532 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/accessibility-standard.md +74 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/admin-dashboard-and-crud.md +72 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/design-tokens-complete.md +444 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/forms-and-validation.md +77 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/frontend-architecture-and-layering.md +119 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/i18n-and-localization.md +65 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/nextjs-complete.md +451 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/react-complete.md +713 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/react-hooks-complete-guide.md +1100 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/react-hooks-complete.md +1171 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/seo-and-web-vitals.md +77 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/state-management-complete.md +444 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/vue-complete.md +499 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/vue3-complete.md +2002 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/web-framework-best-practices.md +64 -0
- package/frontend/01-standards/web-performance-complete.md +495 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/accessibility-a11y-playbook.md +161 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/frontend-performance-playbook.md +707 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/i18n-internationalization-playbook.md +120 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/performance-optimization-playbook.md +163 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/react-nextjs-production-playbook.md +167 -0
- package/frontend/02-playbooks/react-state-management-playbook.md +173 -0
- package/frontend/03-checklists/component-quality-checklist.md +166 -0
- package/frontend/03-checklists/frontend-launch-checklist.md +299 -0
- package/frontend/04-antipatterns/frontend-antipatterns.md +886 -0
- package/frontend/05-cases/case-performance-optimization.md +274 -0
- package/harmony/01-standards/harmonyos-arkts-standard.md +75 -0
- package/harmony/01-standards/harmonyos-design.md +65 -0
- package/high-quality-engineering-playbook.md +54 -0
- package/incident/01-standards/incident-response-complete.md +303 -0
- package/incident/02-playbooks/chaos-engineering-playbook.md +883 -0
- package/incident/02-playbooks/postmortem-playbook.md +398 -0
- package/incident/03-checklists/incident-readiness-checklist.md +181 -0
- package/incident/04-antipatterns/incident-antipatterns.md +490 -0
- package/incident/05-cases/case-cascade-failure.md +176 -0
- package/incident/06-glossary/incident-glossary.md +114 -0
- package/incident/postmortem-and-response-deep-dive.md +39 -0
- package/industries/ecommerce/ecommerce-complete.md +631 -0
- package/industries/education/education-complete.md +555 -0
- package/industries/fintech/fintech-complete.md +501 -0
- package/industries/gaming/gaming-complete.md +587 -0
- package/industries/healthcare/healthcare-complete.md +452 -0
- package/low-code/01-standards/low-code-complete.md +944 -0
- package/miniprogram/01-standards/ai-common-mistakes.md +61 -0
- package/miniprogram/01-standards/miniprogram-custom-navbar-capsule.md +77 -0
- package/miniprogram/01-standards/miniprogram-design.md +61 -0
- package/miniprogram/01-standards/miniprogram-standard.md +81 -0
- package/mobile/01-standards/android-material-design.md +70 -0
- package/mobile/01-standards/flutter-complete.md +384 -0
- package/mobile/01-standards/ios-design-hig.md +78 -0
- package/mobile/01-standards/mobile-app-standard.md +85 -0
- package/mobile/01-standards/react-native-complete.md +352 -0
- package/mobile/02-playbooks/mobile-cross-platform-playbook.md +175 -0
- package/mobile/02-playbooks/mobile-performance.md +473 -0
- package/mobile/03-checklists/mobile-release-checklist.md +234 -0
- package/mobile/04-antipatterns/mobile-antipatterns.md +798 -0
- package/mobile/05-cases/case-app-performance.md +500 -0
- package/mobile/05-cases/case-app-startup-optimization.md +218 -0
- package/mobile/06-glossary/mobile-glossary.md +484 -0
- package/observability/01-standards/observability-standards.md +103 -0
- package/observability/02-playbooks/prometheus-grafana-playbook.md +135 -0
- package/observability/02-playbooks/structured-logging-playbook.md +73 -0
- package/observability/03-checklists/observability-checklist.md +54 -0
- package/observability/04-antipatterns/observability-antipatterns.md +106 -0
- package/operations/01-standards/prometheus-monitoring-complete.md +1578 -0
- package/operations/02-playbooks/capacity-planning-playbook.md +620 -0
- package/operations/03-checklists/production-launch-checklist.md +365 -0
- package/operations/04-antipatterns/operations-antipatterns.md +664 -0
- package/operations/05-cases/case-sre-practices.md +581 -0
- package/operations/06-glossary/operations-glossary.md +120 -0
- package/operations/aiops-anomaly-detection.md +758 -0
- package/operations/capacity-planning.md +1061 -0
- package/operations/chaos-engineering.md +659 -0
- package/operations/incident-command-system.md +38 -0
- package/operations/observability-complete.md +442 -0
- package/operations/slo-sli-playbook.md +517 -0
- package/operations/sre-operations-deep-dive.md +39 -0
- package/package.json +8 -0
- package/performance/01-standards/performance-and-scalability.md +80 -0
- package/performance/01-standards/performance-standards.md +156 -0
- package/performance/02-playbooks/query-optimization-playbook.md +103 -0
- package/performance/03-checklists/performance-checklist.md +56 -0
- package/performance/04-antipatterns/performance-antipatterns.md +146 -0
- package/product/01-standards/product-management-complete.md +285 -0
- package/product/02-playbooks/feature-launch-playbook.md +207 -0
- package/product/02-playbooks/user-research-playbook.md +532 -0
- package/product/03-checklists/feature-launch-checklist.md +275 -0
- package/product/04-antipatterns/product-antipatterns.md +355 -0
- package/product/05-cases/case-mvp-to-scale.md +384 -0
- package/product/06-glossary/product-glossary.md +462 -0
- package/product/feature-prioritization-framework.md +40 -0
- package/product/kpi-and-metric-tree.md +37 -0
- package/product/product-discovery-and-prd-deep-dive.md +41 -0
- package/quantum/01-standards/quantum-complete.md +1186 -0
- package/security/01-standards/api-security-complete.md +511 -0
- package/security/01-standards/container-runtime-security.md +574 -0
- package/security/01-standards/data-protection-gdpr.md +543 -0
- package/security/01-standards/owasp-top10-complete.md +1890 -0
- package/security/01-standards/secure-coding-baseline.md +90 -0
- package/security/01-standards/supply-chain-security.md +441 -0
- package/security/01-standards/web-security-checklist.md +108 -0
- package/security/01-standards/zero-trust-architecture.md +521 -0
- package/security/02-playbooks/auth-sso-playbook.md +166 -0
- package/security/02-playbooks/incident-response-security-playbook.md +588 -0
- package/security/02-playbooks/owasp-api-security-playbook.md +129 -0
- package/security/02-playbooks/payment-integration-playbook.md +119 -0
- package/security/02-playbooks/penetration-testing-playbook.md +517 -0
- package/security/03-checklists/security-audit-checklist.md +356 -0
- package/security/04-antipatterns/security-coding-antipatterns.md +580 -0
- package/security/05-cases/case-log4shell-incident.md +537 -0
- package/security/05-cases/case-major-breaches.md +468 -0
- package/security/06-glossary/security-glossary.md +212 -0
- package/security/compliance-automation.md +993 -0
- package/security/container-security.md +680 -0
- package/security/devsecops-complete.md +426 -0
- package/security/sast-dast-sca.md +775 -0
- package/security/secrets-management.md +594 -0
- package/security/security-architecture-deep-dive.md +37 -0
- package/security/threat-modeling-stride-playbook.md +40 -0
- package/seed-templates/auth-system.md +59 -0
- package/seed-templates/blog-content.md +94 -0
- package/seed-templates/dashboard.md +89 -0
- package/seed-templates/docs-site.md +73 -0
- package/seed-templates/e-commerce.md +50 -0
- package/seed-templates/saas-landing.md +92 -0
- package/seed-templates/settings-page.md +51 -0
- package/testing/01-standards/test-strategy-and-layering.md +83 -0
- package/testing/01-standards/testing-strategy-complete.md +422 -0
- package/testing/01-standards/unit-testing-best-practices.md +118 -0
- package/testing/02-playbooks/e2e-testing-playbook.md +988 -0
- package/testing/02-playbooks/testing-strategy-playbook.md +126 -0
- package/testing/03-checklists/test-strategy-checklist.md +208 -0
- package/testing/04-antipatterns/testing-antipatterns.md +718 -0
- package/testing/05-cases/case-testing-transformation.md +300 -0
- package/testing/06-glossary/testing-glossary.md +110 -0
- package/testing/risk-based-test-matrix.md +36 -0
- package/testing/testing-strategy-deep-dive.md +37 -0
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---
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id: performance-standards
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title: 性能优化标准(前后端)
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domain: performance
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category: 01-standards
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difficulty: advanced
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tags: [performance, optimization, database, query, index, cache, frontend, lcp, bundle, cdn, lazy-loading]
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quality_score: 92
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maintainer: platform-team@umadev.com
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last_updated: 2026-06-14
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---
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# 性能优化标准
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## 数据库性能
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### 索引策略
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```sql
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-- B-tree(默认):等值查询、范围查询、排序
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_id ON orders(user_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_created_at ON orders(created_at DESC);
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-- 复合索引:多列查询(顺序很重要!最左前缀)
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CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_status ON orders(user_id, status, created_at);
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-- GIN:JSONB / 全文搜索 / 数组
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CREATE INDEX idx_products_attrs ON products USING GIN(attrs);
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-- 部分索引:只索引活跃数据
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CREATE INDEX idx_active_orders ON orders(user_id) WHERE status != 'cancelled';
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```
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### 查询优化
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```sql
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-- ❌ SELECT * 返回不需要的列
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SELECT * FROM users WHERE team_id = 123;
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-- ✅ 只选需要的列
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SELECT id, name, email FROM users WHERE team_id = 123;
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-- ❌ COUNT(*) 做分页 total(大表慢)
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SELECT COUNT(*) FROM orders WHERE user_id = 123;
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-- ✅ 估算总数(大表)
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SELECT reltuples::bigint FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'orders';
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-- ❌ N+1:循环内查子资源
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-- ✅ JOIN 或批量 IN
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SELECT o.*, u.name FROM orders o JOIN users u ON o.user_id = u.id WHERE o.status = 'pending';
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```
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### 连接池
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```
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# PostgreSQL 连接池配置
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max_connections: 100
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pool_size: 20 # 应用连接池
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pool_max_overflow: 10
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pool_recycle: 3600 # 1小时回收防泄漏
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statement_timeout: 30000 # 30s 超时
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```
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## 缓存策略
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### 多层缓存
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```
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浏览器缓存 → CDN → 应用缓存(Redis) → 数据库缓存 → 数据库
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```
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### Redis 缓存模式
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```python
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# Cache-Aside(最常用)
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def get_user(user_id):
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# 1. 查缓存
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cached = redis.get(f"user:{user_id}")
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if cached:
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return json.loads(cached)
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# 2. 查数据库
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user = db.query(User).get(user_id)
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# 3. 写缓存(带 TTL)
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redis.setex(f"user:{user_id}", 300, json.dumps(user.to_dict()))
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return user
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# Write-Through(写时更新缓存)
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def update_user(user_id, data):
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user = db.update(User, user_id, data)
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redis.setex(f"user:{user_id}", 300, json.dumps(user.to_dict()))
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```
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89
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### 缓存失效
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- TTL 失效(5-60 分钟)
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- 主动失效(数据变更时删除缓存键)
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92
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- LRU 淘汰(内存不足时)
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94
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## 前端性能
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95
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96
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### Core Web Vitals 目标
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| 指标 | 目标 | 测量 |
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|------|------|------|
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| LCP(最大内容绘制) | < 2.5s | 首屏最大元素渲染时间 |
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| INP(交互延迟) | < 200ms | 用户交互到响应时间 |
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| CLS(布局偏移) | < 0.1 | 视觉稳定性 |
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102
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|
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103
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### Bundle 优化
|
|
104
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```javascript
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105
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// ❌ 全量导入
|
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106
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import _ from 'lodash';
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107
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|
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108
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// ✅ 按需导入
|
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109
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import debounce from 'lodash/debounce';
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110
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|
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111
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// ✅ 动态导入(代码分割)
|
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112
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const Chart = lazy(() => import('./Chart'));
|
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113
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+
|
|
114
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// ✅ 路由级分割
|
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115
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const Dashboard = lazy(() => import('./pages/Dashboard'));
|
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116
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+
```
|
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117
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|
|
118
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### 图片优化
|
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119
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+
```html
|
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120
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<!-- ❌ 不优化的原图 -->
|
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121
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<img src="/photos/big.jpg">
|
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122
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+
|
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123
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+
<!-- ✅ 响应式 + 懒加载 + 现代格式 -->
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124
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<img
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125
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src="/photos/medium.avif"
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srcset="/photos/small.avif 480w, /photos/medium.avif 800w, /photos/large.avif 1200w"
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127
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sizes="(max-width: 600px) 480px, 800px"
|
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128
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loading="lazy"
|
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129
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decoding="async"
|
|
130
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width="800" height="600"
|
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131
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+
/>
|
|
132
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+
```
|
|
133
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+
|
|
134
|
+
### API 响应优化
|
|
135
|
+
```http
|
|
136
|
+
# 启用 gzip/brotli 压缩
|
|
137
|
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Content-Encoding: br
|
|
138
|
+
|
|
139
|
+
# 条件请求(304 Not Modified)
|
|
140
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ETag: "abc123"
|
|
141
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Cache-Control: public, max-age=300
|
|
142
|
+
|
|
143
|
+
# 字段过滤
|
|
144
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GET /api/users?fields=id,name,email
|
|
145
|
+
```
|
|
146
|
+
|
|
147
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## 性能预算
|
|
148
|
+
|
|
149
|
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| 资源 | 预算 |
|
|
150
|
+
|------|------|
|
|
151
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+
| JS bundle | < 150KB (gzip) |
|
|
152
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| CSS | < 30KB (gzip) |
|
|
153
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+
| 图片 | < 200KB (首屏) |
|
|
154
|
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| 字体 | < 50KB |
|
|
155
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| API 响应 | p95 < 200ms |
|
|
156
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| 数据库查询 | p95 < 50ms |
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
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1
|
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---
|
|
2
|
+
id: query-optimization-playbook
|
|
3
|
+
title: 数据库查询优化实战手册
|
|
4
|
+
domain: performance
|
|
5
|
+
category: 02-playbooks
|
|
6
|
+
difficulty: advanced
|
|
7
|
+
tags: [performance, database, postgresql, query, optimization, index, explain, analyze, n-plus-1, pagination, cache]
|
|
8
|
+
quality_score: 92
|
|
9
|
+
maintainer: platform-team@umadev.com
|
|
10
|
+
last_updated: 2024-06-14
|
|
11
|
+
---
|
|
12
|
+
|
|
13
|
+
# 数据库查询优化实战手册
|
|
14
|
+
|
|
15
|
+
## 诊断工具:EXPLAIN ANALYZE
|
|
16
|
+
|
|
17
|
+
```sql
|
|
18
|
+
-- 查看真实执行计划(实际跑一遍)
|
|
19
|
+
EXPLAIN ANALYZE
|
|
20
|
+
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE user_id = 123 ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 20;
|
|
21
|
+
|
|
22
|
+
-- 关键看:
|
|
23
|
+
-- Seq Scan(全表扫描)→ 需要索引
|
|
24
|
+
-- Index Scan(索引扫描)→ 好
|
|
25
|
+
-- Bitmap Heap Scan(批量索引)→ 还行
|
|
26
|
+
-- Sort(内存排序)→ 可能需要索引
|
|
27
|
+
-- Nested Loop(JOIN)→ 大表可能慢
|
|
28
|
+
```
|
|
29
|
+
|
|
30
|
+
## 常见优化模式
|
|
31
|
+
|
|
32
|
+
### 1. 全表扫描 → 加索引
|
|
33
|
+
```sql
|
|
34
|
+
-- EXPLAIN 显示 Seq Scan
|
|
35
|
+
EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT * FROM orders WHERE status = 'pending';
|
|
36
|
+
-- → 加索引
|
|
37
|
+
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_status ON orders(status);
|
|
38
|
+
```
|
|
39
|
+
|
|
40
|
+
### 2. 大 OFFSET 分页 → cursor 分页
|
|
41
|
+
```sql
|
|
42
|
+
-- ❌ OFFSET 10000 扫 10020 行
|
|
43
|
+
SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY id OFFSET 10000 LIMIT 20;
|
|
44
|
+
|
|
45
|
+
-- ✅ WHERE 直接定位(扫 20 行)
|
|
46
|
+
SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > 5000 ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
|
|
47
|
+
```
|
|
48
|
+
|
|
49
|
+
### 3. N+1 → 批量查询
|
|
50
|
+
```python
|
|
51
|
+
# ❌ 100 用户 = 101 次 DB 查询
|
|
52
|
+
for u in users:
|
|
53
|
+
u.profile = db.query("SELECT * FROM profiles WHERE user_id=?", u.id)
|
|
54
|
+
|
|
55
|
+
# ✅ 1 次查全部
|
|
56
|
+
profiles = db.query("SELECT * FROM profiles WHERE user_id IN %s", user_ids)
|
|
57
|
+
```
|
|
58
|
+
|
|
59
|
+
### 4. COUNT(*) 慢 → 估算
|
|
60
|
+
```sql
|
|
61
|
+
-- ❌ 精确 COUNT(大表几秒)
|
|
62
|
+
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM orders WHERE status = 'pending';
|
|
63
|
+
|
|
64
|
+
-- ✅ 统计信息估算(毫秒)
|
|
65
|
+
SELECT reltuples::bigint FROM pg_class WHERE relname='orders';
|
|
66
|
+
|
|
67
|
+
-- ✅ 或维护一个计数器表
|
|
68
|
+
UPDATE counters SET count = count + 1 WHERE table_name = 'orders' AND status = 'pending';
|
|
69
|
+
```
|
|
70
|
+
|
|
71
|
+
### 5. 慢 JOIN → 物化视图 / 缓存
|
|
72
|
+
```sql
|
|
73
|
+
-- ❌ 复杂 JOIN 每次都算
|
|
74
|
+
SELECT o.*, u.name, p.title FROM orders o
|
|
75
|
+
JOIN users u ON o.user_id = u.id
|
|
76
|
+
JOIN products p ON o.product_id = p.id
|
|
77
|
+
WHERE o.status = 'pending';
|
|
78
|
+
|
|
79
|
+
-- ✅ 物化视图定期刷新
|
|
80
|
+
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW order_summary AS
|
|
81
|
+
SELECT o.*, u.name, p.title FROM ...;
|
|
82
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+
REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW CONCURRENTLY order_summary;
|
|
83
|
+
```
|
|
84
|
+
|
|
85
|
+
## 连接池配置
|
|
86
|
+
|
|
87
|
+
```python
|
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88
|
+
# SQLAlchemy 示例
|
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89
|
+
engine = create_engine(url,
|
|
90
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+
pool_size=20, # 常驻连接数
|
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91
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+
max_overflow=10, # 突发连接
|
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92
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+
pool_pre_ping=True, # 使用前检查连接活性
|
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93
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+
pool_recycle=3600, # 1 小时回收(防 "server closed the connection")
|
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94
|
+
)
|
|
95
|
+
```
|
|
96
|
+
|
|
97
|
+
## 查询超时
|
|
98
|
+
|
|
99
|
+
```sql
|
|
100
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+
-- PostgreSQL 语句级超时
|
|
101
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+
SET statement_timeout = '30s';
|
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102
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+
SELECT ...; -- 超过 30s 自动取消
|
|
103
|
+
```
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
|
|
|
1
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+
---
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|
2
|
+
id: performance-checklist
|
|
3
|
+
title: 性能审查清单
|
|
4
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+
domain: performance
|
|
5
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+
category: 03-checklists
|
|
6
|
+
difficulty: intermediate
|
|
7
|
+
tags: [performance, checklist, database, frontend, cache, index, bundle, lcp, lazy-loading, query, redis]
|
|
8
|
+
quality_score: 88
|
|
9
|
+
maintainer: platform-team@umadev.com
|
|
10
|
+
last_updated: 2024-06-14
|
|
11
|
+
---
|
|
12
|
+
|
|
13
|
+
# 性能审查清单
|
|
14
|
+
|
|
15
|
+
## 数据库
|
|
16
|
+
- [ ] 没有 Seq Scan(全表扫描)→ 所有查询命中索引
|
|
17
|
+
- [ ] 没有 N+1 查询 → 用 JOIN / eager loading / batch
|
|
18
|
+
- [ ] list 端点有 LIMIT + 分页
|
|
19
|
+
- [ ] COUNT(*) 大表用估算
|
|
20
|
+
- [ ] 连接池大小合理(20 基础 + 10 突发)
|
|
21
|
+
- [ ] 查询有超时(statement_timeout 30s)
|
|
22
|
+
- [ ] 慢查询日志已启用
|
|
23
|
+
|
|
24
|
+
## 缓存
|
|
25
|
+
- [ ] 热点数据有缓存(Redis / 内存)
|
|
26
|
+
- [ ] 缓存有 TTL(不永久缓存)
|
|
27
|
+
- [ ] 写操作更新缓存(cache-aside 或 write-through)
|
|
28
|
+
- [ ] 缓存击穿防护(singleflight 或互斥锁)
|
|
29
|
+
- [ ] 缓存有降级策略(Redis 挂了仍能服务)
|
|
30
|
+
|
|
31
|
+
## 前端
|
|
32
|
+
- [ ] JS bundle < 150KB(gzip)
|
|
33
|
+
- [ ] 路由级代码分割(lazy import)
|
|
34
|
+
- [ ] 图片用 AVIF/WebP + 响应式 srcset
|
|
35
|
+
- [ ] 图片懒加载(loading="lazy")
|
|
36
|
+
- [ ] 字体用 font-display: swap
|
|
37
|
+
- [ ] 关键 CSS 内联(首屏不阻塞)
|
|
38
|
+
|
|
39
|
+
## API 响应
|
|
40
|
+
- [ ] 启用 gzip/brotli 压缩
|
|
41
|
+
- [ ] 响应有 ETag + Cache-Control
|
|
42
|
+
- [ ] 大响应支持字段过滤(?fields=id,name)
|
|
43
|
+
- [ ] p95 < 200ms
|
|
44
|
+
- [ ] 无阻塞调用(重操作走异步队列)
|
|
45
|
+
|
|
46
|
+
## Core Web Vitals
|
|
47
|
+
- [ ] LCP < 2.5s
|
|
48
|
+
- [ ] INP < 200ms
|
|
49
|
+
- [ ] CLS < 0.1
|
|
50
|
+
- [ ] TTFB < 600ms
|
|
51
|
+
|
|
52
|
+
## 资源使用
|
|
53
|
+
- [ ] CPU 使用率 < 70%(常态)
|
|
54
|
+
- [ ] 内存使用率 < 80%(常态)
|
|
55
|
+
- [ ] 数据库连接池 < 80%
|
|
56
|
+
- [ ] 磁盘 IOPS 在预算内
|
|
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
|
|
|
1
|
+
---
|
|
2
|
+
id: performance-antipatterns
|
|
3
|
+
title: 性能反模式(避坑指南)
|
|
4
|
+
domain: performance
|
|
5
|
+
category: 04-antipatterns
|
|
6
|
+
difficulty: intermediate
|
|
7
|
+
tags: [performance, antipattern, frontend, backend, database, cache, bundle, waterfall, debounce, memoization, lazy-loading]
|
|
8
|
+
quality_score: 88
|
|
9
|
+
maintainer: platform-team@umadev.com
|
|
10
|
+
last_updated: 2024-06-14
|
|
11
|
+
---
|
|
12
|
+
|
|
13
|
+
# 性能反模式(避坑指南)
|
|
14
|
+
|
|
15
|
+
## 前端
|
|
16
|
+
|
|
17
|
+
### 1. 巨型 bundle(不分割)
|
|
18
|
+
```javascript
|
|
19
|
+
// ❌ 全量导入 + 单 chunk
|
|
20
|
+
import _ from 'lodash'; // 70KB
|
|
21
|
+
import moment from 'moment'; // 70KB
|
|
22
|
+
import * as Icons from 'lucide'; // 全部图标!
|
|
23
|
+
|
|
24
|
+
// ✅ 按需导入 + 路由分割
|
|
25
|
+
import debounce from 'lodash/debounce'; // 1KB
|
|
26
|
+
import { format } from 'date-fns'; // 7KB
|
|
27
|
+
import { Search } from 'lucide-react'; // 单图标
|
|
28
|
+
const Settings = lazy(() => import('./Settings')); // 路由分割
|
|
29
|
+
```
|
|
30
|
+
|
|
31
|
+
### 2. 渲染瀑布(阻塞渲染的 CSS/JS)
|
|
32
|
+
```html
|
|
33
|
+
<!-- ❌ CSS 阻塞渲染 + JS 阻塞解析 -->
|
|
34
|
+
<head>
|
|
35
|
+
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/all.css"> <!-- 200KB,渲染阻塞 -->
|
|
36
|
+
<script src="/analytics.js"></script> <!-- 解析阻塞 -->
|
|
37
|
+
</head>
|
|
38
|
+
|
|
39
|
+
<!-- ✅ 关键 CSS 内联 + JS 异步 -->
|
|
40
|
+
<head>
|
|
41
|
+
<style>/* 关键 CSS 内联 */</style>
|
|
42
|
+
<link rel="preload" href="/rest.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'">
|
|
43
|
+
<script src="/analytics.js" defer></script>
|
|
44
|
+
</head>
|
|
45
|
+
```
|
|
46
|
+
|
|
47
|
+
### 3. 不用 key 的列表渲染
|
|
48
|
+
```jsx
|
|
49
|
+
// ❌ 无 key → React 每次全量 diff(慢)
|
|
50
|
+
{items.map(item => <Row data={item} />)}
|
|
51
|
+
|
|
52
|
+
// ✅ 稳定 key → React 精准 diff(快)
|
|
53
|
+
{items.map(item => <Row key={item.id} data={item} />)}
|
|
54
|
+
```
|
|
55
|
+
|
|
56
|
+
### 4. 不防抖的高频事件
|
|
57
|
+
```jsx
|
|
58
|
+
// ❌ 每次按键都发请求(打字 10 字 = 10 次请求)
|
|
59
|
+
<input onChange={e => search(e.target.value)} />
|
|
60
|
+
|
|
61
|
+
// ✅ 防抖(停止输入 300ms 后才请求)
|
|
62
|
+
<input onChange={e => debouncedSearch(e.target.value)} />
|
|
63
|
+
const debouncedSearch = useMemo(() => debounce(search, 300), []);
|
|
64
|
+
```
|
|
65
|
+
|
|
66
|
+
## 后端
|
|
67
|
+
|
|
68
|
+
### 5. 同步阻塞做重操作
|
|
69
|
+
```python
|
|
70
|
+
# ❌ 请求内发邮件 / 处理图片(用户等 10s)
|
|
71
|
+
@app.post("/register")
|
|
72
|
+
def register(data):
|
|
73
|
+
user = create_user(data)
|
|
74
|
+
send_welcome_email(user) # 阻塞 5s
|
|
75
|
+
resize_avatar(user) # 阻塞 5s
|
|
76
|
+
return user # 用户等了 10s
|
|
77
|
+
|
|
78
|
+
# ✅ 异步队列(用户立刻拿到响应)
|
|
79
|
+
@app.post("/register")
|
|
80
|
+
def register(data):
|
|
81
|
+
user = create_user(data)
|
|
82
|
+
enqueue_job("send_welcome_email", user.id) # 毫秒
|
|
83
|
+
enqueue_job("resize_avatar", user.id) # 毫秒
|
|
84
|
+
return user # 用户等了 200ms
|
|
85
|
+
```
|
|
86
|
+
|
|
87
|
+
### 6. 无缓存的重复计算
|
|
88
|
+
```python
|
|
89
|
+
# ❌ 每次请求都算排行榜(重查询)
|
|
90
|
+
@app.get("/leaderboard")
|
|
91
|
+
def leaderboard():
|
|
92
|
+
return db.query("SELECT ... ORDER BY score DESC LIMIT 100") # 2s
|
|
93
|
+
|
|
94
|
+
# ✅ 缓存 + 后台刷新
|
|
95
|
+
@app.get("/leaderboard")
|
|
96
|
+
@cache(ttl=300) # 缓存 5 分钟
|
|
97
|
+
def leaderboard():
|
|
98
|
+
return db.query("...")
|
|
99
|
+
```
|
|
100
|
+
|
|
101
|
+
### 7. 无连接池
|
|
102
|
+
```python
|
|
103
|
+
# ❌ 每次请求新建数据库连接(TCP 握手 + 认证 ~50ms)
|
|
104
|
+
def query(sql):
|
|
105
|
+
conn = psycopg2.connect(url) # 50ms 开销
|
|
106
|
+
result = conn.execute(sql)
|
|
107
|
+
conn.close()
|
|
108
|
+
return result
|
|
109
|
+
|
|
110
|
+
# ✅ 连接池复用(~1ms 获取已建连接)
|
|
111
|
+
pool = create_connection_pool(url, size=20)
|
|
112
|
+
def query(sql):
|
|
113
|
+
with pool.get_conn() as conn:
|
|
114
|
+
return conn.execute(sql)
|
|
115
|
+
```
|
|
116
|
+
|
|
117
|
+
### 8. 未设置查询超时
|
|
118
|
+
```python
|
|
119
|
+
# ❌ 慢查询无限等待(连接池耗尽)
|
|
120
|
+
db.execute("SELECT * FROM big_table") # 可能跑 10 分钟
|
|
121
|
+
|
|
122
|
+
# ✅ 语句级超时(30s 自动取消)
|
|
123
|
+
db.execute("SET statement_timeout = 30000")
|
|
124
|
+
db.execute("SELECT * FROM big_table") # 超 30s 取消
|
|
125
|
+
```
|
|
126
|
+
|
|
127
|
+
## 数据库
|
|
128
|
+
|
|
129
|
+
### 9. SELECT * 返回不需要的列
|
|
130
|
+
```sql
|
|
131
|
+
-- ❌ 传输 + 序列化不需要的列(BLOB/JSONB 很大)
|
|
132
|
+
SELECT * FROM products WHERE category = 'electronics';
|
|
133
|
+
|
|
134
|
+
-- ✅ 只查需要的列
|
|
135
|
+
SELECT id, name, price_cents FROM products WHERE category = 'electronics';
|
|
136
|
+
```
|
|
137
|
+
|
|
138
|
+
### 10. 应用层排序(不在 SQL 里排)
|
|
139
|
+
```python
|
|
140
|
+
# ❌ 查全部 → Python 排序(内存爆炸 + 慢)
|
|
141
|
+
products = db.query("SELECT * FROM products")
|
|
142
|
+
sorted_products = sorted(products, key=lambda p: p.price, reverse=True)
|
|
143
|
+
|
|
144
|
+
# ✅ SQL 排序(利用索引,快)
|
|
145
|
+
products = db.query("SELECT * FROM products ORDER BY price DESC")
|
|
146
|
+
```
|