webruby 0.2.7 → 0.9.1

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/mrblib/hash.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,88 @@
 class Hash
+
+  #  ISO does not define Hash#each_pair, so each_pair is defined in gem.
+  alias each_pair each
+
+  ##
+  # call-seq:
+  # Hash[ key, value, ... ] -> new_hash
+  # Hash[ [ [key, value], ... ] ] -> new_hash
+  # Hash[ object ] -> new_hash
+  #
+  # Creates a new hash populated with the given objects.
+  #
+  # Similar to the literal <code>{ _key_ => _value_, ... }</code>. In the first
+  # form, keys and values occur in pairs, so there must be an even number of
+  # arguments.
+  #
+  # The second and third form take a single argument which is either an array
+  # of key-value pairs or an object convertible to a hash.
+  #
+  # Hash["a", 100, "b", 200] #=> {"a"=>100, "b"=>200}
+  # Hash[ [ ["a", 100], ["b", 200] ] ] #=> {"a"=>100, "b"=>200}
+  # Hash["a" => 100, "b" => 200] #=> {"a"=>100, "b"=>200}
+  #
+
+  def self.[](*object)
+    length = object.length
+    if length == 1
+      o = object[0]
+      if o.respond_to?(:to_hash)
+        h = Hash.new
+        object[0].to_hash.each { |k, v| h[k] = v }
+        return h
+      elsif o.respond_to?(:to_a)
+        h = Hash.new
+        o.to_a.each do |i|
+          raise ArgumentError, "wrong element type #{i.class} (expected array)" unless i.respond_to?(:to_a)
+          k, v = nil
+          case i.size
+          when 2
+            k = i[0]
+            v = i[1]
+          when 1
+            k = i[0]
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "invalid number of elements (#{i.size} for 1..2)"
+          end
+          h[k] = v
+        end
+        return h
+      end
+    end
+    unless length % 2 == 0
+      raise ArgumentError, 'odd number of arguments for Hash'
+    end
+    h = Hash.new
+    0.step(length - 2, 2) do |i|
+      h[object[i]] = object[i + 1]
+    end
+    h
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # call-seq:
+  #     hsh.merge!(other_hash)                                 -> hsh
+  #     hsh.merge!(other_hash){|key, oldval, newval| block}    -> hsh
+  #
+  #  Adds the contents of _other_hash_ to _hsh_.  If no block is specified,
+  #  entries with duplicate keys are overwritten with the values from
+  #  _other_hash_, otherwise the value of each duplicate key is determined by
+  #  calling the block with the key, its value in _hsh_ and its value in
+  #  _other_hash_.
+  #
+  #     h1 = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200 }
+  #     h2 = { "b" => 254, "c" => 300 }
+  #     h1.merge!(h2)   #=> {"a"=>100, "b"=>254, "c"=>300}
+  #
+  #     h1 = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200 }
+  #     h2 = { "b" => 254, "c" => 300 }
+  #     h1.merge!(h2) { |key, v1, v2| v1 }
+  #                     #=> {"a"=>100, "b"=>200, "c"=>300}
+  #
+
   def merge!(other, &block)
-    raise "can't convert argument into Hash" unless other.respond_to?(:to_hash)
+    raise TypeError, "can't convert argument into Hash" unless other.respond_to?(:to_hash)
     if block
       other.each_key{|k|
         self[k] = (self.has_key?(k))? block.call(k, self[k], other[k]): other[k]
@@ -10,4 +92,162 @@ class Hash
     end
     self
   end
+
+  alias update merge!
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.fetch(key [, default] )       -> obj
+  #     hsh.fetch(key) {| key | block }   -> obj
+  #
+  #  Returns a value from the hash for the given key. If the key can't be
+  #  found, there are several options: With no other arguments, it will
+  #  raise an <code>KeyError</code> exception; if <i>default</i> is
+  #  given, then that will be returned; if the optional code block is
+  #  specified, then that will be run and its result returned.
+  #
+  #     h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200 }
+  #     h.fetch("a")                            #=> 100
+  #     h.fetch("z", "go fish")                 #=> "go fish"
+  #     h.fetch("z") { |el| "go fish, #{el}"}   #=> "go fish, z"
+  #
+  #  The following example shows that an exception is raised if the key
+  #  is not found and a default value is not supplied.
+  #
+  #     h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200 }
+  #     h.fetch("z")
+  #
+  #  <em>produces:</em>
+  #
+  #     prog.rb:2:in `fetch': key not found (KeyError)
+  #      from prog.rb:2
+  #
+
+  def fetch(key, none=NONE, &block)
+    unless self.key?(key)
+      if block
+        block.call
+      elsif none != NONE
+        none
+      else
+        raise RuntimeError, "Key not found: #{key}"
+      end
+    else
+      self[key]
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.delete_if {| key, value | block }  -> hsh
+  #     hsh.delete_if                          -> an_enumerator
+  #
+  #  Deletes every key-value pair from <i>hsh</i> for which <i>block</i>
+  #  evaluates to <code>true</code>.
+  #
+  #  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+  #
+  #     h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200, "c" => 300 }
+  #     h.delete_if {|key, value| key >= "b" }   #=> {"a"=>100}
+  #
+
+  def delete_if(&block)
+    return to_enum :delete_if unless block_given?
+
+    self.each do |k, v|
+      self.delete(k) if block.call(k, v)
+    end 
+    self
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hash.flatten -> an_array
+  #     hash.flatten(level) -> an_array
+  #
+  #  Returns a new array that is a one-dimensional flattening of this
+  #  hash. That is, for every key or value that is an array, extract
+  #  its elements into the new array.  Unlike Array#flatten, this
+  #  method does not flatten recursively by default.  The optional
+  #  <i>level</i> argument determines the level of recursion to flatten.
+  #
+  #     a =  {1=> "one", 2 => [2,"two"], 3 => "three"}
+  #     a.flatten    # => [1, "one", 2, [2, "two"], 3, "three"]
+  #     a.flatten(2) # => [1, "one", 2, 2, "two", 3, "three"]
+  #
+
+  def flatten(level=1)
+    self.to_a.flatten(level)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.invert -> new_hash
+  #
+  #  Returns a new hash created by using <i>hsh</i>'s values as keys, and
+  #  the keys as values.
+  #
+  #     h = { "n" => 100, "m" => 100, "y" => 300, "d" => 200, "a" => 0 }
+  #     h.invert   #=> {0=>"a", 100=>"m", 200=>"d", 300=>"y"}
+  #
+
+  def invert
+    h = Hash.new
+    self.each {|k, v| h[v] = k }
+    h
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.keep_if {| key, value | block }  -> hsh
+  #     hsh.keep_if                          -> an_enumerator
+  #
+  #  Deletes every key-value pair from <i>hsh</i> for which <i>block</i>
+  #  evaluates to false.
+  #
+  #  If no block is given, an enumerator is returned instead.
+  #
+
+  def keep_if(&block)
+    return to_enum :keep_if unless block_given?
+
+    keys = []
+    self.each do |k, v|
+      unless block.call([k, v])
+        self.delete(k)
+      end
+    end
+    self
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.key(value)    -> key
+  #
+  #  Returns the key of an occurrence of a given value. If the value is
+  #  not found, returns <code>nil</code>.
+  #
+  #     h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200, "c" => 300, "d" => 300 }
+  #     h.key(200)   #=> "b"
+  #     h.key(300)   #=> "c"
+  #     h.key(999)   #=> nil
+  #
+
+  def key(val)
+    self.each do |k, v|
+      return k if v == val
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  #  call-seq:
+  #     hsh.to_h     -> hsh or new_hash
+  #
+  #  Returns +self+. If called on a subclass of Hash, converts
+  #  the receiver to a Hash object.
+  #
+  def to_h
+    self
+  end
 end

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/src/hash-ext.c

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #include "mruby.h"
 #include "mruby/array.h"
 #include "mruby/hash.h"
-#include "mruby/khash.h"
 
 /*
  * call-seq:
@@ -20,27 +19,21 @@
  *   h.values_at("cow", "cat")  #=> ["bovine", "feline"]
  */
 
-mrb_value
-mrb_hash_values_at(mrb_state *mrb, int argc, mrb_value *argv, mrb_value hash)
-{
-    mrb_value result = mrb_ary_new_capa(mrb, argc);
-    long i;
-
-    for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
-        mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, mrb_hash_get(mrb, hash, argv[i]));
-    }
-    return result;
-}
-
 static mrb_value
 hash_values_at(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value hash)
 {
-  mrb_value *argv;
-  int argc;
+  mrb_value *argv, result;
+  mrb_int argc, i;
+  int ai;
 
   mrb_get_args(mrb, "*", &argv, &argc);
-
-  return mrb_hash_values_at(mrb, argc, argv, hash);
+  result = mrb_ary_new_capa(mrb, argc);
+  ai = mrb_gc_arena_save(mrb);
+  for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+    mrb_ary_push(mrb, result, mrb_hash_get(mrb, hash, argv[i]));
+    mrb_gc_arena_restore(mrb, ai);
+  }
+  return result;
 }
 
 void
@@ -49,8 +42,7 @@ mrb_mruby_hash_ext_gem_init(mrb_state *mrb)
   struct RClass *h;
 
   h = mrb->hash_class;
-
-  mrb_define_method(mrb, h, "values_at",              hash_values_at,       MRB_ARGS_ANY());
+  mrb_define_method(mrb, h, "values_at", hash_values_at, MRB_ARGS_ANY());
 }
 
 void

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-hash-ext/test/hash.rb

@@ -1,12 +1,50 @@
 ##
 # Hash(Ext) Test
 
+assert('Hash.[] Hash') do
+  a = Hash['a_key' => 'a_value']
+
+  assert_equal({'a_key' => 'a_value'}, a)
+end
+
+assert('Hash.[] [ [ ["b_key", "b_value" ] ] ]') do
+  a = Hash[ [ ['b_key', 'b_value'] ] ]
+
+  assert_equal({'b_key' => 'b_value'}, a)
+
+  a = Hash[ [ ] ]
+
+  assert_equal({}, a)
+
+  assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+    Hash[ [ ['b_key', 'b_value', 'b_over'] ] ]
+  end
+
+  assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+    Hash[ [ [] ] ]
+  end
+end
+
+assert('Hash.[] "c_key", "c_value"') do
+  a = Hash['c_key', 'c_value', 'd_key', 1]
+
+  assert_equal({'c_key' => 'c_value', 'd_key' => 1}, a)
+
+  a = Hash[]
+
+  assert_equal({}, a)
+
+  assert_raise(ArgumentError) do
+    Hash['d_key']
+  end
+end
+
 assert('Hash#merge!') do
   a = { 'abc_key' => 'abc_value', 'cba_key' => 'cba_value' }
   b = { 'cba_key' => 'XXX',  'xyz_key' => 'xyz_value' }
 
   result_1 = a.merge! b
-  
+
   a = { 'abc_key' => 'abc_value', 'cba_key' => 'cba_value' }
   result_2 = a.merge!(b) do |key, original, new|
     original
@@ -16,9 +54,108 @@ assert('Hash#merge!') do
                'xyz_key' => 'xyz_value' }, result_1)
   assert_equal({'abc_key' => 'abc_value', 'cba_key' => 'cba_value',
                'xyz_key' => 'xyz_value' }, result_2)
+
+  assert_raise(TypeError) do
+    { 'abc_key' => 'abc_value' }.merge! "a"
+  end
 end
 
 assert('Hash#values_at') do
   h = { "cat" => "feline", "dog" => "canine", "cow" => "bovine" }
   assert_equal ["bovine", "feline"], h.values_at("cow", "cat")
+
+  keys = []
+  (0...1000).each { |v| keys.push "#{v}" }
+  h = Hash.new { |hash,k| hash[k] = k }
+  assert_equal keys, h.values_at(*keys)
+end
+
+assert('Hash#fetch') do
+  h = { "cat" => "feline", "dog" => "canine", "cow" => "bovine" }
+  assert_equal "feline", h.fetch("cat")
+  assert_equal "mickey", h.fetch("mouse", "mickey")
+  assert_equal "minny", h.fetch("mouse"){"minny"}
+  begin
+    h.fetch("gnu")
+  rescue => e
+    assert_kind_of(StandardError, e);
+  end
+end
+
+assert("Hash#delete_if") do
+  base = { 1 => 'one', 2 => false, true => 'true', 'cat' => 99 }
+  h1   = { 1 => 'one', 2 => false, true => 'true' }
+  h2   = { 2 => false, 'cat' => 99 }
+  h3   = { 2 => false }
+
+  h = base.dup
+  assert_equal(h, h.delete_if { false })
+  assert_equal({}, h.delete_if { true })
+
+  h = base.dup
+  assert_equal(h1, h.delete_if {|k,v| k.instance_of?(String) })
+  assert_equal(h1, h)
+
+  h = base.dup
+  assert_equal(h2, h.delete_if {|k,v| v.instance_of?(String) })
+  assert_equal(h2, h)
+
+  h = base.dup
+  assert_equal(h3, h.delete_if {|k,v| v })
+  assert_equal(h3, h)
+
+  h = base.dup
+  n = 0
+  h.delete_if {|*a|
+    n += 1
+    assert_equal(2, a.size)
+    assert_equal(base[a[0]], a[1])
+    h.shift
+    true
+  }
+  assert_equal(base.size, n)
+end
+
+assert("Hash#flatten") do
+  a =  {1=> "one", 2 => [2,"two"], 3 => [3, ["three"]]}
+  assert_equal [1, "one", 2, [2, "two"], 3, [3, ["three"]]], a.flatten
+  assert_equal [[1, "one"], [2, [2, "two"]], [3, [3, ["three"]]]], a.flatten(0)
+  assert_equal [1, "one", 2, [2, "two"], 3, [3, ["three"]]], a.flatten(1)
+  assert_equal [1, "one", 2, 2, "two", 3, 3, ["three"]], a.flatten(2)
+  assert_equal [1, "one", 2, 2, "two", 3, 3, "three"], a.flatten(3)
+end
+
+assert("Hash#invert") do
+  h = { 1 => 'one', 2 => 'two', 3 => 'three',
+        true => 'true', nil => 'nil' }.invert
+  assert_equal 1, h['one']
+  assert_equal true, h['true']
+  assert_equal nil, h['nil']
+
+  h = { 'a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 1 }.invert
+  assert_equal(2, h.length)
+  assert_include(%w[a c], h[1])
+  assert_equal('b', h[2])
+end
+
+assert("Hash#keep_if") do
+  h = { 1 => 2, 3 => 4, 5 => 6 }
+  assert_equal({3=>4,5=>6}, h.keep_if {|k, v| k + v >= 7 })
+  h = { 1 => 2, 3 => 4, 5 => 6 }
+  assert_equal({ 1 => 2, 3=> 4, 5 =>6} , h.keep_if { true })
+end
+
+assert("Hash#key") do
+  h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200, "c" => 300, "d" => 300, nil => 'nil', 'nil' => nil }
+  assert_equal "b", h.key(200)
+  assert_equal "c", h.key(300)
+  assert_nil h.key(999)
+  assert_nil h.key('nil')
+  assert_equal 'nil', h.key(nil)
+end
+
+assert("Hash#to_h") do
+  h = { "a" => 100, "b" => 200 }
+  assert_equal Hash, h.to_h.class
+  assert_equal h, h.to_h
 end

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/mrbgem.rake

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+MRuby::Gem::Specification.new('mruby-kernel-ext') do |spec|
+  spec.license = 'MIT'
+  spec.author  = 'mruby developers'
+  spec.summary = 'extensional Kernel module'
+end

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/src/kernel.c

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+#include "mruby.h"
+#include "mruby/error.h"
+#include "mruby/array.h"
+#include "mruby/hash.h"
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     __method__         -> symbol
+ *
+ *  Returns the name at the definition of the current method as a
+ *  Symbol.
+ *  If called outside of a method, it returns <code>nil</code>.
+ *
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_method(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_callinfo *ci = mrb->c->ci;
+  ci--;
+  if (ci->mid)
+    return mrb_symbol_value(ci->mid);
+  else
+    return mrb_nil_value();
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     Integer(arg,base=0)    -> integer
+ *
+ *  Converts <i>arg</i> to a <code>Fixnum</code>.
+ *  Numeric types are converted directly (with floating point numbers
+ *  being truncated).    <i>base</i> (0, or between 2 and 36) is a base for
+ *  integer string representation.  If <i>arg</i> is a <code>String</code>,
+ *  when <i>base</i> is omitted or equals to zero, radix indicators
+ *  (<code>0</code>, <code>0b</code>, and <code>0x</code>) are honored.
+ *  In any case, strings should be strictly conformed to numeric
+ *  representation. This behavior is different from that of
+ *  <code>String#to_i</code>.  Non string values will be converted using
+ *  <code>to_int</code>, and <code>to_i</code>. Passing <code>nil</code>
+ *  raises a TypeError.
+ *
+ *     Integer(123.999)    #=> 123
+ *     Integer("0x1a")     #=> 26
+ *     Integer(Time.new)   #=> 1204973019
+ *     Integer("0930", 10) #=> 930
+ *     Integer("111", 2)   #=> 7
+ *     Integer(nil)        #=> TypeError
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_integer(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_value arg;
+  mrb_int base = 0;
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o|i", &arg, &base);
+  return mrb_convert_to_integer(mrb, arg, base);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     Float(arg)    -> float
+ *
+ *  Returns <i>arg</i> converted to a float. Numeric types are converted
+ *  directly, the rest are converted using <i>arg</i>.to_f. 
+ *
+ *     Float(1)           #=> 1.0
+ *     Float(123.456)     #=> 123.456
+ *     Float("123.456")   #=> 123.456
+ *     Float(nil)         #=> TypeError
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_float(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_value arg;
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &arg);
+  return mrb_Float(mrb, arg);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     String(arg)   -> string
+ *
+ *  Returns <i>arg</i> as an <code>String</code>.
+ *
+ *  First tries to call its <code>to_str</code> method, then its to_s method.
+ *
+ *     String(self)        #=> "main"
+ *     String(self.class)  #=> "Object"
+ *     String(123456)      #=> "123456"
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_string(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_value arg, tmp;
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &arg);
+  tmp = mrb_check_convert_type(mrb, arg, MRB_TT_STRING, "String", "to_str");
+  if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
+    tmp = mrb_check_convert_type(mrb, arg, MRB_TT_STRING, "String", "to_s");
+  }
+  return tmp;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     Array(arg)    -> array
+ *
+ *  Returns +arg+ as an Array.
+ *
+ *  First tries to call Array#to_ary on +arg+, then Array#to_a.
+ *
+ *     Array(1..5)   #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+ *
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_array(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_value arg, tmp;
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &arg);
+  tmp = mrb_check_convert_type(mrb, arg, MRB_TT_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
+  if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
+    tmp = mrb_check_convert_type(mrb, arg, MRB_TT_ARRAY, "Array", "to_a");
+  }
+  if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
+    return mrb_ary_new_from_values(mrb, 1, &arg);
+  }
+
+  return tmp;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  call-seq:
+ *     Hash(arg)    -> hash
+ *
+ *  Converts <i>arg</i> to a <code>Hash</code> by calling
+ *  <i>arg</i><code>.to_hash</code>. Returns an empty <code>Hash</code> when
+ *  <i>arg</i> is <tt>nil</tt> or <tt>[]</tt>.
+ *
+ *     Hash([])          #=> {}
+ *     Hash(nil)         #=> {}
+ *     Hash(key: :value) #=> {:key => :value}
+ *     Hash([1, 2, 3])   #=> TypeError
+ */
+static mrb_value
+mrb_f_hash(mrb_state *mrb, mrb_value self)
+{
+  mrb_value arg, tmp;
+
+  mrb_get_args(mrb, "o", &arg);
+  if (mrb_nil_p(arg)) {
+    return mrb_hash_new(mrb);
+  }
+  tmp = mrb_check_convert_type(mrb, arg, MRB_TT_HASH, "Hash", "to_hash");
+  if (mrb_nil_p(tmp)) {
+    if (mrb_array_p(arg) && RARRAY_LEN(arg) == 0) {
+      return mrb_hash_new(mrb);
+    }
+    mrb_raisef(mrb, E_TYPE_ERROR, "can't convert %S into Hash",
+      mrb_str_new_cstr(mrb, mrb_obj_classname(mrb, arg)));
+  }
+  return tmp;
+}
+
+void
+mrb_mruby_kernel_ext_gem_init(mrb_state *mrb)
+{
+  struct RClass *krn = mrb->kernel_module;
+
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "fail", mrb_f_raise, MRB_ARGS_OPT(2));
+  mrb_define_method(mrb, krn, "__method__", mrb_f_method, MRB_ARGS_NONE());
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "Integer", mrb_f_integer, MRB_ARGS_ANY());
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "Float", mrb_f_float, MRB_ARGS_REQ(1));
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "String", mrb_f_string, MRB_ARGS_REQ(1));
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "Array", mrb_f_array, MRB_ARGS_REQ(1));
+  mrb_define_module_function(mrb, krn, "Hash", mrb_f_hash, MRB_ARGS_REQ(1));
+}
+
+void
+mrb_mruby_kernel_ext_gem_final(mrb_state *mrb)
+{
+}

data/modules/mruby/mrbgems/mruby-kernel-ext/test/kernel.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+assert('Kernel.fail, Kernel#fail') do
+  assert_raise(RuntimeError) { fail }
+  assert_raise(RuntimeError) { Kernel.fail }
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#__method__') do
+  assert_equal(:m, Class.new {def m; __method__; end}.new.m)
+  assert_equal(:m, Class.new {define_method(:m) {__method__}}.new.m)
+  c = Class.new do
+    [:m1, :m2].each do |m|
+      define_method(m) do
+        __method__
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  assert_equal(:m1, c.new.m1)
+  assert_equal(:m2, c.new.m2)
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#Integer') do
+  assert_equal(123, Integer(123.999))
+  assert_equal(26, Integer("0x1a"))
+  assert_equal(930, Integer("0930", 10))
+  assert_equal(7, Integer("111", 2))
+  assert_raise(TypeError) { Integer(nil) }
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#Float') do
+  assert_equal(1.0, Float(1))
+  assert_equal(123.456, Float(123.456))
+  assert_equal(123.456, Float("123.456"))
+  assert_raise(TypeError) { Float(nil) }
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#String') do
+  assert_equal("main", String(self))
+  assert_equal("Object", String(self.class))
+  assert_equal("123456", String(123456))
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#Array') do
+  assert_equal([1], Kernel.Array(1))
+  assert_equal([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], Kernel.Array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))
+  assert_equal([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], Kernel.Array(1..5))
+  assert_equal([[:a, 1], [:b, 2], [:c, 3]], Kernel.Array({a:1, b:2, c:3}))
+end
+
+assert('Kernel#Hash') do
+  assert_equal({}, Hash([]))
+  assert_equal({}, Hash(nil))
+  assert_equal({:key => :value}, Hash(key: :value))
+  assert_raise(TypeError) { Hash([1, 2, 3]) }
+end