vehicles 0.4.1 → 0.8.0

data/data/plates/ca-pe.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+# plates/ca-pe.yml — Prince Edward Island, Canada (PRD-PLATES gate L2/L3, Canada east wave).
+#
+# THE SMALLEST CANADIAN PROVINCE AND, PER PLATE, THE MOST INVENTIVE: Prince
+# Edward Island has changed its base design roughly every decade since 1973, has
+# won the Automobile License Plate Collectors Association's "Plate of the Year"
+# once, once coded its serials BY COUNTY, and in 2022 became the only province in
+# this wave to issue a distinct electric-vehicle base rather than a colour change
+# or a prefix. It is also the province whose current base has a GOVERNMENT NEWS
+# RELEASE behind it, which is more than Ontario, Nova Scotia or New Brunswick can
+# say.
+#
+# FOUR STRUCTURAL FACTS THAT SHAPE THIS FILE
+#
+# 1. THE ACT STATES THE PLATE'S CONTENT AND ONE PLATE ONLY. Highway Traffic Act
+#    s. 20(1), verbatim: "The Registrar, upon registering a vehicle, shall issue A
+#    NUMBER PLATE for the vehicle to its owner." Singular. s. 20(2), verbatim:
+#    "Every number plate shall have displayed thereon the registration number
+#    assigned to the vehicle for which it is issued, the name of the province,
+#    which may be abbreviated, the number of the year for which it is issued, and
+#    such other information as the Minister may by order require." That is
+#    word-for-word New Brunswick's MVA s. 29(2) — two Maritime statutes with an
+#    identical content rule, which is a shared drafting ancestry rather than a
+#    coincidence, and worth recording because it means the same three mandatory
+#    elements govern both provinces.
+#
+# 2. THE TRUCK-TRACTOR INVERSION IS IN THE ACT, IN TWO LINES. s. 21(1.1): "Subject
+#    to subsection (2), the number plate issued for a motor vehicle shall be
+#    attached to the REAR thereof." s. 21(2): "The number plate issued for a
+#    truck-tractor shall be attached to the FRONT thereof." Florida
+#    (§ 320.0706 F.S.), Nova Scotia (N.S. Reg. 173/95 s. 2(2)) and Québec
+#    (Règlement art. 8) each reach the same result by a different route; Prince
+#    Edward Island states it in the barest possible form.
+#
+# 3. THE PLATE FOLLOWS THE OWNER, AND s. 21(4) SAYS SO. Verbatim: "Where the
+#    ownership of a registered vehicle passes from the registered owner, the vendor
+#    shall detach and RETAIN the number plates FOR HIS USE ON A VEHICLE REGISTERED
+#    IN HIS NAME." s. 21(5) then gives a purchaser seven days to run a newly bought
+#    vehicle on a plate already issued to them for the same class of vehicle. Same
+#    posture as Ontario (plates/ca-on.yml) and Nova Scotia (plates/ca-ns.yml);
+#    opposite of New Brunswick, whose MVA s. 29(2) assigns the number to the
+#    vehicle.
+#
+# 4. STACKED CHARACTERS ARE REAL HERE, AND THEY ARE PART OF THE SERIAL. Prince
+#    Edward Island's commercial and service-vehicle plates print a two-letter class
+#    code STACKED at the left of the plate — "CV" and "SV" — in half-height
+#    characters. AAMVA Ed. 3 is explicit that "If stacked characters are used, they
+#    are part of the official license plate number. No more than two characters are
+#    to be stacked", and this file follows it: the stacked pair is spelled in the
+#    pattern as ordinary leading characters, and the fact that it is printed
+#    stacked is recorded in `design`. A normaliser that drops stacked characters
+#    will silently corrupt every Prince Edward Island commercial plate.
+#
+# SEPARATOR NOTE (PRD-PLATES §2.6): the gap in a Prince Edward Island serial is
+# occupied by the PROVINCIAL CREST — a graphic separator, like Ontario's crown.
+# It is an emblem (see `design.emblem`), never part of the serial. Every `pattern`
+# spells the gap as the emitted space; every regex accepts it as optional.
+jurisdiction: ca-pe
+authority:
+  name: Highway Safety Division, Department of Transportation and Infrastructure (Prince Edward Island); registration transacted through Access PEI
+  url: "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/information/transportation-and-infrastructure/highway-safety"
+binding: owner
+binding_note: >-
+  HTA s. 21(4), verbatim: "Where the ownership of a registered vehicle passes from
+  the registered owner, the vendor shall detach and retain the number plates for
+  his use on a vehicle registered in his name." s. 21(5): a purchaser "may attach
+  to the vehicle any valid number plate issued to the person for the same class of
+  vehicle as the purchased vehicle and may operate the vehicle with such plate
+  attached for a period of up to seven days pending the registration of the
+  transfer of ownership." The plate is the registrant's. s. 20(3) still makes it
+  Crown property: "Number plates issued to any person under this section shall
+  remain at all times the property of the Crown."
+instrument:
+  statute: "Highway Traffic Act, R.S.P.E.I. 1988, c. H-5 — ss. 1 (definitions, incl. 'number plate' and 'restricted number plate'), 20 (number plate), 21 (attachment), 41-42 (dealer's number plates), 60-62 (use, lending, offences)"
+  currency: "the consolidation read is marked 'Current to: May 29, 2026'"
+  sources:
+    - "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # Highway Traffic Act consolidation, current to 29 May 2026, fetched and text-extracted 2026-08-02 — every statutory quotation in this file"
+  licence: >-
+    The Highway Traffic Act is an EDICT OF GOVERNMENT and its text is
+    uncopyrightable (PRD-PLATES §4). Every verbatim quotation of statute in this
+    file is of that text.
+  fetch_note: >-
+    princeedwardisland.ca serves the STATUTE PDF freely but sits behind a Radware
+    bot-defence on its HTML pages: the 16 November 2022 news release announcing the
+    current base returned a security-verification page to a direct fetch and to
+    WebFetch on 2026-08-02, and was read instead through the Internet Archive
+    (snapshot 20231201163420). The release's text quoted in this file came through
+    that archive copy.
+
+artwork_risk:
+  posture: crown-copyright-asserted
+  basis: >-
+    Prince Edward Island asserts Crown copyright on its web content. No provincial
+    open licence covering plate ARTWORK was located. The statute TEXT is free as an
+    edict of government and is quoted freely; nothing else is assumed.
+  emblem_rule: >-
+    PRD-PLATES §3 placeholder default applies. The provincial escutcheon used as
+    the serial separator, the Province House facsimile on the 2013 base and the
+    provincial coat of arms are rendered `placeholder`. The escutcheon and arms
+    carry protection independent of copyright; unresearched, flagged.
+
+common:
+  statutory_content:
+    text: >-
+      HTA s. 20(2), verbatim: "Every number plate shall have displayed thereon the
+      registration number assigned to the vehicle for which it is issued, the name
+      of the province, which may be abbreviated, the number of the year for which it
+      is issued, and such other information as the Minister may by order require."
+    definition: >-
+      HTA s. 1(l), verbatim: "'number plate' includes any proof of registration
+      issued by the department and required to be affixed to a motor vehicle,
+      trailer or semi-trailer." A definition wide enough to swallow a sticker, which
+      is how the annual "number of the year" element in s. 20(2) is satisfied on a
+      permanent plate.
+    source: "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA ss. 1(l), 20(1)-(5)"
+  display:
+    text: >-
+      HTA s. 21, verbatim in part: "(1.1) Subject to subsection (2), the number
+      plate issued for a motor vehicle shall be attached to the rear thereof.
+      (2) The number plate issued for a truck-tractor shall be attached to the front
+      thereof. (3) Every number plate shall at all times be securely fastened in a
+      horizontal position to the vehicle for which it is issued so as to prevent the
+      plate from swinging and at a height of not less than 300 mm from the ground
+      measuring from the bottom of such plate, in a place and position clearly
+      visible and legible and shall be maintained free from foreign materials."
+    obscuring: >-
+      s. 21(3.1), verbatim: "No person shall operate a vehicle on a highway if the
+      number plate displayed on the vehicle is covered, in whole or in part, by any
+      covering, device, sticker, inscription, sign or other thing placed on or
+      around the number plate which conceals, or reduces the legibility of, any
+      information contained on the number plate, INCLUDING THE REGISTRATION
+      EXPIRATION STICKER." Note the closing words: Prince Edward Island expressly
+      protects the sticker as part of the readable plate.
+    must_display: >-
+      s. 20(5), verbatim: "No person shall operate on a highway a vehicle which does
+      not display (a) a valid number plate; (b) a valid transit permit issued
+      pursuant to section 52 of this Act; or (c) a valid temporary permit issued
+      pursuant to regulations passed under clause 312(c) of this Act."
+    source: "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA ss. 20(5), 21(1)-(5), 60, 61"
+  dimensions:
+    note: >-
+      NO PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND INSTRUMENT PRESCRIBES A PLATE SIZE. The Act states a
+      minimum MOUNTING HEIGHT (300 mm) and nothing about the plate itself. The
+      6 in x 12 in North American convention is recorded on the series below as
+      `plate_basis: convention`. Contrast plates/ca-ns.yml, where the size is in the
+      regulations in centimetres.
+  charset:
+    note: >-
+      NO PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND INSTRUMENT STATES A SERIAL ALPHABET OR ANY LETTER
+      EXCLUSION. The Act delegates everything past the three s. 20(2) elements to
+      ministerial order and no such order was located. Every arrangement in this
+      file is therefore `secondary-wikipedia`, and no `regex_strict` is authored
+      anywhere in this file — the absence is deliberate and is not a claim that no
+      exclusions exist.
+    historical_county_coding: >-
+      RECORDED BECAUSE IT IS THE ONLY GEOGRAPHIC DECODE PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND HAS
+      EVER HAD, and because it is long dead: on the 1993-1997 "Anne of Green Gables"
+      base the first character coded the COUNTY OF ISSUANCE — K for Kings County, P
+      for Prince County, Q for Queens County, with Queens overflowing into Q1 234
+      and QB C12 forms after QZ 999. The 1997 base dropped county coding entirely.
+      A parse API must not read a modern Prince Edward Island serial as geographic;
+      it must read a 1993-1997 one that way. Both facts are the article's.
+    source_secondary: "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY (PRD-PLATES §4, owner override 2026-08-02), read 2026-08-02: every serial arrangement in this file, the county coding and the base dates"
+
+classes_not_modelled:
+  motorcycle:
+    exists: true
+    mechanism: >-
+      Prince Edward Island issues motorcycle plates; the article's own table carries
+      a motorcycle row for the current 2013-present base with the SERIAL FORMAT CELL
+      EMPTY, and gives A1 23 for the 1997-2007 base.
+    why_not_modelled: >-
+      NO CURRENT ARRANGEMENT IS STATED BY ANY SOURCE, primary or secondary. The 2022
+      base's motorcycle form is unrecorded even in the secondary. Inventing one was
+      declined; recorded as a gap, and it is the largest single gap in this file.
+    sources:
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # the motorcycle row, whose current-base serial cell is blank"
+  personalized:
+    exists: true
+    mechanism: >-
+      The article records personalized plates from 2013 with the option of the
+      Province House graphic, describing the serial budget only as "unlimited" and
+      the rule as "Any personalized plates are allowed so long as text is not
+      offensive; can also be low digit."
+    why_not_modelled: >-
+      "Unlimited" is not a grammar and no Prince Edward Island instrument or agency
+      page stating a character budget could be read (the province's HTML pages sit
+      behind a bot defence — see `instrument.fetch_note`). Contrast
+      plates/ca-on.yml, where ServiceOntario publishes 2-8 and 2-5, and
+      plates/ca-ns.yml, where the regulation publishes 2-7 and 2-6. Recorded as a
+      gap rather than guessed.
+  conservation_and_food_island:
+    exists: true
+    mechanism: >-
+      Government of Prince Edward Island news release, 16 November 2022, verbatim:
+      "Since 2013, Island residents have been able to purchase a wildlife
+      conservation plate and the funds from the sale of those plates are donated to
+      the Wildlife Conservation Fund. Conservation plates will still be available in
+      the new plate design. Additionally, Island residents will have the new option
+      to purchase a Canada's Food Island license plate. All proceeds from the sale
+      of these plates will be donated to Island Food Banks." Fees, same release:
+      "$5 for a new license plate and $10 for a conservation or Canada's Food Island
+      plate".
+    why_not_modelled: >-
+      PRD-PLATES §2.5 keeps individual specialty DESIGNS out of v1, and neither
+      programme's serial grammar is stated anywhere. The programmes are indexed here
+      with the government's own words instead.
+    sources:
+      - "https://web.archive.org/web/20231201163420/https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/news/province-unveils-new-license-plates  # Government of Prince Edward Island news release 'Province unveils new license plates', 16 November 2022, read via the Internet Archive 2026-08-02"
+  prorate_irp:
+    exists: true
+    mechanism: "The article records a P-prefixed PRP series (P1 234) running on every base since 1997 — Prince Edward Island's International Registration Plan plates."
+    why_not_modelled: "The current-base arrangement is carried in the article as a rowspan from the 1997 form and is not separately stated; the P prefix is not corroborated by any instrument. Recorded as a gap."
+
+series:
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # THE CURRENT STANDARD SERIES — 2022, and it has a news release behind it.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-standard-2022
+    class: standard
+    categories: [car, van, truck]
+    period: { start: 2022 }
+    period_evidence: agency-stated-date
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "999 LLL"
+      regex: '\A\d{3} ?[A-Z]{3}\z'
+      charset:
+        notes: >-
+          Three numerals, the crest, three letters. No exclusion is stated by any
+          source and no `regex_strict` is authored — see `common.charset`.
+      progression: >-
+        The 16 November 2022 news release explains the change in the Minister's own
+        words: "It has been almost a decade since Prince Edward Island introduced a
+        new license plate design and it is time for a refresh. The traditional,
+        simple design will allow greater visibility AS WE START GETTING INTO 6-DIGIT
+        NUMBERING." That is an agency statement that the serial LENGTHENED to six
+        characters with this base — the predecessor ran five and six — and it is the
+        only progression claim in this file from a government source.
+      separator_note: "the gap carries the provincial crest, a graphic; `pattern` spells the emitted space and `regex` accepts it as optional"
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#00843D"
+      colour_note: >-
+        GREEN LETTERS ON WHITE, per the article; the news release describes the
+        design only as "traditional, simple" and gives no colour. Both hexes are
+        observed. Prince Edward Island is the only province in the Canada east wave
+        whose STANDARD plate is green-on-white — which matters, because green is the
+        ELECTRIC-vehicle signal in Ontario and Québec. A green Prince Edward Island
+        serial means nothing about powertrain; the Island's EV plate inverts the
+        colours instead (see ca-pe-electric-2022).
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["CANADA"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder, description: "provincial crest as the serial separator; a small Canadian flag at bottom left" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      display: "ONE plate, REAR (HTA ss. 20(1), 21(1.1)); FRONT for a truck-tractor (s. 21(2))"
+    variants:
+      - name: "French-language base (ÎLE-DU-PRINCE-ÉDOUARD)"
+        format: { pattern: "999 LLL", regex: '\A\d{3} ?[A-Z]{3}\z' }
+        note: >-
+          Per the article, the same base with 'ÎLE-DU-PRINCE-ÉDOUARD' screened at
+          the top, "available as an alternate choice for Francophone Prince Edward
+          Islanders" — an alternative BASE, not an alternative slogan, which is how
+          Prince Edward Island differs from Ontario's two-slogan approach.
+    rollout:
+      first_available: "late December 2022"
+      text: >-
+        News release, verbatim: "The cost will remain at $5 for a new license plate
+        and $10 for a conservation or Canada's Food Island plate and will be
+        available in LATE DECEMBER 2022 at Access PEI locations across the province.
+        People will not be required to purchase a new design plate upon renewal if
+        their current plate is in good condition."
+      note: >-
+        THE LAST SENTENCE IS THE MODELLING FACT: there is no forced re-plating, so
+        the 2013 base below is not merely still on the road but still LAWFULLY
+        CURRENT, and the two series genuinely overlap. That is the parallel-issuance
+        case PRD-PLATES §2.2 contemplates.
+    sources:
+      - "https://web.archive.org/web/20231201163420/https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/news/province-unveils-new-license-plates  # Government of Prince Edward Island news release, 16 November 2022: the new design, the first-ever distinct electric-vehicle plate, the 6-digit numbering statement, the late-December-2022 availability, the fees and the no-forced-replacement rule — all quoted above. Read via the Internet Archive 2026-08-02; the live page is behind a bot defence."
+      - "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA s. 20(1) (one plate), s. 20(2) (the content rule), s. 20(3) (Crown property), s. 21(1.1),(2) (rear, and front for a truck-tractor), s. 21(3),(3.1) (300 mm, no obscuring)"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the 123 ABC arrangement, the green-on-white colours, the crest separator and the French-language alternate base"
+    notes: >-
+      THE BEST-DATED STANDARD SERIES IN THE CANADA EAST WAVE, and it took the
+      smallest province to produce it: a government news release, dated 16 November
+      2022, announcing the base, its availability "in late December 2022", its fee,
+      the parallel electric plate and the fact that no motorist is forced to
+      re-plate. Hence `period_evidence: agency-stated-date` rather than
+      `secondary-wikipedia`, which every other standard series in this wave carries.
+      What the release does NOT give is the serial ARRANGEMENT: 123 ABC is the
+      article's, and the release supports only the LENGTH ("as we start getting into
+      6-digit numbering"). That split is the honest state of the evidence and is why
+      `format` is not graded as highly as `period`.
+
+  - id: ca-pe-standard-2013
+    class: standard
+    categories: [car, van, truck]
+    period: { start: 2013 }
+    period_evidence: secondary-wikipedia
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "99 9LL"
+      regex: '\A\d{2} ?\d[A-Z]{2}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "no exclusion stated; no strict twin authored" }
+      progression: "the article's issuance record runs 10 1AA to 99 9ZZ on this arrangement, then A1 01A to C7 56G on the second, which is why the 2022 base moved to six characters"
+    variants:
+      - name: "six-character arrangement on the same base"
+        format: { pattern: "L9 99L", regex: '\A[A-Z]\d ?\d{2}[A-Z]\z' }
+        note: "the article records A1 23B alongside 12 3AB on the 2013 base, the second taking over when the first exhausted at 99 9ZZ. A variant rather than a series because the base, the period and everything else are identical (PRD-PLATES §2.3)."
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#8B6F47"
+      colour_note: "embossed LIGHT BROWN numerals on reflective white, per the article — a genuinely unusual serial colour and one no other plate in this dataset carries. Observed; no instrument states it."
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Birthplace of Confederation", "Berceau de la Confédération"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder, description: "a screened facsimile of Province House at the left and the provincial coat of arms in the centre" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      display: "ONE plate, REAR (HTA ss. 20(1), 21(1.1))"
+    sources:
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the 2013 Province House base, the light-brown serial, the 12 3AB and A1 23B arrangements, the bilingual Birthplace of Confederation / Berceau de la Confédération slogans and the issuance ranges"
+      - "https://web.archive.org/web/20231201163420/https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/news/province-unveils-new-license-plates  # the 2022 release's 'almost a decade since Prince Edward Island introduced a new license plate design' corroborates a 2013-vintage predecessor to the year, from a government source"
+    notes: >-
+      ONE SERIES BACK, and the only series in this file whose date is corroborated
+      SIDEWAYS BY A GOVERNMENT SOURCE: the 2022 news release says the previous design
+      had been in service "almost a decade", which puts its introduction in 2013 and
+      matches the article exactly. The grade stays `secondary-wikipedia` because the
+      release does not name the year, but the corroboration is real and is recorded.
+      STILL CURRENT ON THE ROAD BY DESIGN: the release states motorists "will not be
+      required to purchase a new design plate upon renewal if their current plate is
+      in good condition", so this series has no end year — the overlap with
+      ca-pe-standard-2022 is the province's own policy, not a modelling artefact.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # ELECTRIC — the first distinct EV BASE in the Canada east wave.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-electric-2022
+    class: electric
+    categories: [car, van, truck]
+    period: { start: 2022 }
+    period_evidence: agency-stated-date
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "999 9EV"
+      regex: '\A\d{3} ?\dEV\z'
+      charset:
+        notes: >-
+          THE LITERAL "EV" IS THE PROGRAMME MARKER and sits at the END of the serial
+          rather than the start — the inverse of Ontario's leading GV/GW/VE block.
+          Three numerals, the crest, a numeral and the letters EV. The arrangement is
+          the article's; the EXISTENCE of the class is the government's.
+      format_note: >-
+        THE THIRD CANADIAN APPROACH TO ELECTRIC PLATES, and this file now records
+        all three: Ontario changes the SERIAL (a GV/GW/VE prefix — parseable from a
+        string); Québec changes the LETTERING COLOUR and leaves the serial alone
+        (parseable from an image only); Prince Edward Island changes BOTH — a
+        distinct green base AND a literal EV in the serial. Britain, for comparison,
+        changes neither (plates/gb.yml gb-green-zev-2020: a green flash beside an
+        unchanged mark).
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#00843D", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#FFFFFF"
+      colour_note: >-
+        WHITE SERIAL ON A GREEN FIELD — the standard base inverted, which is an
+        elegant piece of design and a strong photographic signal. Observed, per the
+        article; the news release confirms the plate exists and describes no colour.
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["ELECTRIC VEHICLE"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder, description: "provincial escutcheon in the centre as the serial separator; Canadian flag at bottom left" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      display: "ONE plate, REAR (HTA ss. 20(1), 21(1.1))"
+    variants:
+      - name: "French-language electric base"
+        format: { pattern: "999 9EV", regex: '\A\d{3} ?\dEV\z' }
+        note: "the article records a French counterpart, as for the standard base"
+    sources:
+      - "https://web.archive.org/web/20231201163420/https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/en/news/province-unveils-new-license-plates  # Government of Prince Edward Island news release, 16 November 2022, verbatim: 'The province of Prince Edward Island is introducing a new design for its license plates and FOR THE FIRST TIME, THERE WILL BE A DISTINCT PLATE FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES.' — the agency's own words, and the basis for period.start and for period_evidence"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the white-on-green design, the ELECTRIC VEHICLE slogan, the 123 4EV arrangement and the French counterpart"
+    notes: >-
+      "FOR THE FIRST TIME, THERE WILL BE A DISTINCT PLATE FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES" —
+      the government's own sentence, which dates this series to the same 16 November
+      2022 release as the standard base and earns `period_evidence:
+      agency-stated-date`. The ARRANGEMENT is the article's. Authored as its own
+      series rather than a variant because BOTH the design and the format differ from
+      ca-pe-standard-2022, which is the PRD-PLATES §2.3 test twice over.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # COMMERCIAL — and the stacked-character case.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-commercial-2013
+    class: standard
+    categories: [truck, van]
+    period: { start: 2013 }
+    period_evidence: secondary-wikipedia
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "CVL9 999"
+      regex: '\ACV[A-Z]\d ?\d{3}\z'
+      charset:
+        notes: >-
+          THE STACKED PAIR IS PART OF THE SERIAL. The article records the format as
+          CVC1 234 with the note "Letters CV are stacked on left" — two half-height
+          characters printed one above the other at the left edge, followed by the
+          rest of the serial at full height. AAMVA Ed. 3: "If stacked characters are
+          used, they are part of the official license plate number. No more than two
+          characters are to be stacked." This file therefore spells CV as ordinary
+          leading characters in `pattern` and `regex`, and records the stacking in
+          `design.stacked_characters`. A NORMALISER THAT DROPS THEM WILL CORRUPT
+          EVERY PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND COMMERCIAL PLATE, which is why the fact is
+          stated twice.
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#8B6F47"
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Birthplace of Confederation"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder, description: "Province House facsimile at the left" }
+      stacked_characters: { present: true, count: 2, content: "CV", position: "left edge, half height, one above the other", note: "part of the official plate number per AAMVA Ed. 3 §, recorded here so a renderer lays them out correctly and a parser does not discard them" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      display: "ONE plate, REAR (HTA ss. 20(1), 21(1.1)); FRONT if the vehicle is a truck-tractor (s. 21(2)) — which in a commercial fleet is common, so the front-plate case is not exotic here"
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA s. 21(2): the truck-tractor front-plate rule, which bites hardest on this class"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the CVC1 234 commercial format on the 2013 base and the stacked-CV note"
+      - "https://www.aamva.org/getmedia/646bcc8a-219b-47d8-b5cd-726240473163/License-Plate-Standard-Edition-3_September-2025-Update.pdf  # AAMVA License Plate Standard Edition 3 (September 2025): stacked characters are part of the official plate number, maximum two. Voluntary recommended practice, not law in any Canadian province — cited for the NORMALISATION rule, not as a Prince Edward Island requirement."
+    notes: >-
+      THE STACKED-CHARACTER CASE OF THE CANADA EAST WAVE. `class: standard` because
+      the vocabulary has no commercial member. Format and period are the article's;
+      the display rule is statutory. Note that the article's own rendering, "CVC1
+      234", is ambiguous about where the stacked pair ends — this file reads it as
+      CV stacked plus C1 234, which is the reading the accompanying note ("Letters CV
+      are stacked on left") supports, and flags the reading as a modelling decision
+      so a verifier can check it against a photograph.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # SERVICE VEHICLE — the second stacked-pair series.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-service-2013
+    class: government
+    categories: [car, van, truck]
+    period: { start: 2013 }
+    period_evidence: secondary-wikipedia
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "SV99 999"
+      regex: '\ASV\d{2} ?\d{3}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "SV stacked at the left, then five numerals. Same stacked-character treatment as ca-pe-commercial-2013 and the same warning applies." }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#8B6F47"
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Birthplace of Confederation"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder }
+      stacked_characters: { present: true, count: 2, content: "SV", position: "left edge, half height" }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+    sources:
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the SV12 345 service-vehicle format on the 2013 base, with SV stacked; the earlier SV A12 form on the 1997-2012 bases"
+    notes: >-
+      `class: government` is the least-wrong member of the vocabulary for a Prince
+      Edward Island "Service Vehicle" plate, and the choice is flagged: the article
+      does not say who holds them, and no instrument names the class. If a verifier
+      establishes that the class is commercial rather than governmental, the class
+      value moves and the id stays (PRD-QUALITY I-5/I-6). Entirely secondary.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # TRAILER.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-trailer-2013
+    class: trailer
+    categories: [trailer, semitrailer]
+    period: { start: 2013 }
+    period_evidence: secondary-wikipedia
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: 'T\LR99T99'
+      regex: '\ATLR\d{2}T\d{2}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "the literal TLR opens the serial and a further literal T sits between the two digit pairs — an unusual shape, and the article gives it as TLR12T34 with no note about stacking. NOTE THE PATTERN ESCAPE: the L in TLR is a literal L, so the pattern writes `\L` (PRD-PLATES §2.2, owner ruling 2026-08-02), single-quoted so YAML keeps the backslash" }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#8B6F47"
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Birthplace of Confederation"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+      display: "ONE plate, REAR — HTA s. 1(l) brings a trailer and a semi-trailer inside the definition of 'number plate', and s. 21(1.1) puts the plate on the rear"
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA s. 1(l): 'number plate' includes proof of registration required to be affixed to 'a motor vehicle, trailer or semi-trailer'"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the TLR12T34 trailer format on the 2013 base, replacing 12 3AT from 1997"
+    notes: >-
+      THE ODDEST SERIAL SHAPE IN THE CANADA EAST WAVE — a three-letter literal
+      prefix and an infixed literal T — and it is entirely secondary. Authored
+      because a shape that unusual is highly diagnostic when it appears, and because
+      recording it costs nothing that a flag does not cover.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # DEALER — the one non-passenger class the ACT describes.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-dealer
+    class: dealer
+    categories: [car, van, truck, trailer]
+    period: { start: 1988 }
+    period_evidence: statutory-authority-undated
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: 'D\LR9999'
+      regex: '\ADLR ?\d{4}\z'
+      charset: { notes: "the literal DLR is the class marker; four numerals follow. The L is escaped as `\L` in the pattern because L is the DSL's letter token (PRD-PLATES §2.2). The arrangement is the article's; that the plate must carry a distinguishing letter or device is STATUTORY — see `statutory_basis`." }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFD100", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#C8102E"
+      colour_note: "RED SERIAL ON REFLECTIVE YELLOW per the article — the only non-white field in this file and instantly diagnostic. Observed; no instrument states it."
+      legend_top: "Prince Edward Island"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Dealer"]
+      emblem: { present: false, rendered: placeholder }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+    binding: business
+    statutory_basis:
+      text: >-
+        HTA s. 41, verbatim: "Dealer's number plates shall bear letters or other
+        devices thereon to distinguish them from number plates issued to persons
+        other than dealers; such dealer's number plates shall be TRANSFERABLE FROM
+        ONE VEHICLE TO ANOTHER VEHICLE BY THE DEALER, but vehicles with a dealer's
+        number plate displayed thereon shall not be used for any other purpose than
+        for the trial and adjustment of the vehicle, or for its demonstration to a
+        prospective buyer, or for some purpose incidental to the motor vehicle
+        business of the dealer, and in no case shall a motor vehicle trailer or
+        semi-trailer displaying the dealer's number plates be rented for hire or used
+        by any person for the purpose of conveying passengers or freight or be
+        operated for private use."
+      note: >-
+        A STATUTE THAT REQUIRES A CLASS MARKER WITHOUT NAMING IT — "letters or other
+        devices thereon to distinguish them" — which is exactly the level of
+        specificity the Prince Edward Island Act operates at throughout, and which
+        the article's DLR prefix is consistent with. s. 42(1) then makes it an
+        offence to operate a dealer-plated vehicle on a highway at all, except as
+        s. 42(2) provides.
+    sources:
+      - "https://www.princeedwardisland.ca/sites/default/files/legislation/h-05-highway_traffic_act.pdf  # HTA ss. 41-42: the distinguishing-marker requirement, the transferability rule, the permitted-use list and the operating prohibition — quoted above; s. 35 (dealer's trade licence and number plate); s. 51 (regulations respecting dealer's number plates and licences)"
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the DLR1234 arrangement and the red-on-yellow colours"
+    notes: >-
+      THE ONLY PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND NON-PASSENGER CLASS THE ACT ITSELF DESCRIBES,
+      and the description is a good one: s. 41 requires a distinguishing marker,
+      makes the plate transferable between vehicles by the dealer (hence `binding:
+      business`), and enumerates the permitted uses. period.start 1988 is the year
+      of the Revised Statutes edition the section sits in (R.S.P.E.I. 1988, c. H-5,
+      itself carrying "R.S.P.E.I. 1974, Cap. H-6, s.41") — a FLOOR, not a start,
+      hence `statutory-authority-undated`. The DLR arrangement and the colours are
+      the article's.
+
+  # =========================================================================
+  # VOLUNTEER FIREFIGHTER.
+  # =========================================================================
+  - id: ca-pe-firefighter-2013
+    class: specialty
+    categories: [car, van, truck]
+    period: { start: 2013 }
+    period_evidence: secondary-wikipedia
+    matching: strict
+    format:
+      pattern: "99 9FL"
+      regex: '\A\d{2} ?\dF[A-Z]\z'
+      charset: { notes: "two numerals, the crest, a numeral and the literal F followed by one letter. The article records the letter blocks in use as FD to FS, which is an allocation fact rather than a grammar fact and is not encoded." }
+    design:
+      plate: { w: 12, h: 6, unit: in, plate_basis: convention }
+      background: { color: "#FFFFFF", finish: retroreflective, hex_basis: observed }
+      foreground: "#8B6F47"
+      legend_top: "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND"
+      legend_bottom_options: ["Birthplace of Confederation"]
+      emblem: { present: true, rendered: placeholder }
+      band: { side: none }
+      rear_differs: false
+    sources:
+      - "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Prince_Edward_Island  # TAGGED SECONDARY: the volunteer-firefighter series from 1993 (A12), through 1A1 on the 1997 and 2007 bases, to 12 3FA on the 2013 base with blocks FD to FS"
+    notes: >-
+      `class: specialty` for the same reason as Nova Scotia's firefighter plate: the
+      vocabulary has no firefighter member and PRD-PLATES §2.3 forbids inventing
+      one. Entirely secondary. Worth authoring because the embedded literal F makes
+      the shape recognisable, and because the Canada east wave now carries a
+      firefighter series in two provinces — Nova Scotia's with a statutory grammar
+      (LLL9, N.S. Reg. 49/91) and Prince Edward Island's with none — which is a
+      useful contrast for a verifier calibrating how much these secondaries are
+      worth.