tapps-agents 3.5.40__py3-none-any.whl → 3.6.0__py3-none-any.whl

tapps_agents/experts/knowledge/user-experience/usability-heuristics.md

@@ -1,337 +1,337 @@
-# Nielsen's Usability Heuristics
-
-## Overview
-
-Jakob Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics are a set of general principles for interaction design. These heuristics provide a framework for evaluating and improving the usability of user interfaces.
-
-## The 10 Heuristics
-
-### 1. Visibility of System Status
-The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Show current state
-- Provide progress indicators
-- Loading states
-- Status messages
-- Clear feedback
-
-**Examples:**
-- Progress bars for file uploads
-- Loading spinners
-- "Saving..." messages
-- Breadcrumb navigation
-- Active page indicators
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- No loading indicators
-- Unclear current location
-- No status updates
-- Silent failures
-- Unclear progress
-
-### 2. Match Between System and the Real World
-The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Use familiar language
-- Follow real-world conventions
-- Natural order
-- Familiar metaphors
-- User terminology
-
-**Examples:**
-- "Shopping cart" for e-commerce
-- "Trash" or "Recycle bin" for deletion
-- Calendar interface
-- File folder metaphor
-- Natural language forms
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Technical jargon
-- System terminology
-- Unfamiliar concepts
-- Unnatural order
-- Confusing labels
-
-### 3. User Control and Freedom
-Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Undo functionality
-- Cancel buttons
-- Escape routes
-- Clear exits
-- Reversible actions
-
-**Examples:**
-- Undo/Redo buttons
-- Cancel in dialogs
-- Back button
-- Close buttons
-- Exit without saving
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- No undo option
-- Trapped in dialogs
-- No cancel button
-- Irreversible actions
-- No escape route
-
-### 4. Consistency and Standards
-Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Consistent terminology
-- Standard conventions
-- Platform guidelines
-- Familiar patterns
-- Predictable behavior
-
-**Examples:**
-- Consistent button labels
-- Standard icons
-- Platform conventions
-- Consistent navigation
-- Familiar patterns
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Inconsistent labels
-- Different patterns
-- Non-standard conventions
-- Unpredictable behavior
-- Mixed terminology
-
-### 5. Error Prevention
-Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Prevent errors
-- Validate input
-- Confirm destructive actions
-- Provide constraints
-- Clear instructions
-
-**Examples:**
-- Input validation
-- Confirmation dialogs
-- Disabled invalid options
-- Format hints
-- Constraint messages
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- No validation
-- No confirmations
-- Unclear instructions
-- Easy to make mistakes
-- No prevention
-
-### 6. Recognition Rather Than Recall
-Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Show options
-- Visible information
-- Icons with labels
-- Contextual help
-- Examples provided
-
-**Examples:**
-- Dropdown menus
-- Icons with text
-- Tooltips
-- Contextual help
-- Visible history
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Hidden options
-- Icons without labels
-- No help available
-- Must remember information
-- Invisible features
-
-### 7. Flexibility and Efficiency of Use
-Accelerators — unseen by the novice user — may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Keyboard shortcuts
-- Customizable interface
-- Power user features
-- Multiple ways to accomplish tasks
-- Efficiency features
-
-**Examples:**
-- Keyboard shortcuts
-- Customizable toolbars
-- Quick actions
-- Macros
-- Batch operations
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- No shortcuts
-- No customization
-- Only one way to do things
-- Slow for experts
-- No efficiency features
-
-### 8. Aesthetic and Minimalist Design
-Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Remove clutter
-- Focus on essentials
-- Clean design
-- Clear hierarchy
-- Minimal interface
-
-**Examples:**
-- Clean layouts
-- Focused content
-- Progressive disclosure
-- Collapsible sections
-- Minimal navigation
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Cluttered interface
-- Too much information
-- Unclear hierarchy
-- Distracting elements
-- Overwhelming design
-
-### 9. Help Users Recognize, Diagnose, and Recover from Errors
-Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Clear error messages
-- Plain language
-- Specific problems
-- Constructive solutions
-- Helpful guidance
-
-**Examples:**
-- "Email address is invalid" not "Error 404"
-- Specific error descriptions
-- Suggested solutions
-- Helpful links
-- Recovery options
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Technical error codes
-- Vague messages
-- No solutions
-- Unhelpful errors
-- Confusing messages
-
-### 10. Help and Documentation
-Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation.
-
-**Principles:**
-- Easy to find
-- Searchable
-- Task-focused
-- Clear instructions
-- Contextual help
-
-**Examples:**
-- Help menus
-- Tooltips
-- Contextual help
-- Video tutorials
-- FAQ sections
-
-**Common Violations:**
-- Hard to find
-- Not searchable
-- Unclear instructions
-- No help available
-- Outdated documentation
-
-## Applying the Heuristics
-
-### Evaluation Process
-1. Review each heuristic
-2. Identify violations
-3. Prioritize issues
-4. Suggest improvements
-5. Test solutions
-
-### Heuristic Evaluation
-- Expert review
-- Systematic evaluation
-- Document findings
-- Rate severity
-- Recommend fixes
-
-### Severity Ratings
-- **0**: Not a usability problem
-- **1**: Cosmetic problem
-- **2**: Minor usability problem
-- **3**: Major usability problem
-- **4**: Usability catastrophe
-
-## Best Practices
-
-### 1. Regular Evaluation
-- Conduct heuristic evaluations
-- Review against heuristics
-- Identify issues early
-- Continuous improvement
-
-### 2. Team Training
-- Train team on heuristics
-- Share knowledge
-- Apply consistently
-- Reference in reviews
-
-### 3. User Testing
-- Combine with user testing
-- Validate findings
-- Prioritize issues
-- Test solutions
-
-### 4. Documentation
-- Document violations
-- Track improvements
-- Share findings
-- Maintain records
-
-## Common Patterns
-
-### Error Prevention Pattern
-```html
-<input type="email" 
-       required 
-       pattern="[a-z0-9._%+-]+@[a-z0-9.-]+\.[a-z]{2,}$"
-       aria-invalid="false"
-       aria-describedby="email-help">
-<span id="email-help">Enter a valid email address</span>
-```
-
-### Status Feedback Pattern
-```html
-<div role="status" aria-live="polite">
-  <span class="spinner"></span>
-  Saving changes...
-</div>
-```
-
-### Undo Pattern
-```html
-<button onclick="undo()" aria-label="Undo last action">
-  Undo
-</button>
-```
-
-## Best Practices Summary
-
-1. **Visibility**: Always show system status
-2. **Real World**: Use familiar language
-3. **User Control**: Provide undo and escape
-4. **Consistency**: Follow standards
-5. **Error Prevention**: Prevent mistakes
-6. **Recognition**: Show, don't require recall
-7. **Flexibility**: Support all user levels
-8. **Minimalism**: Remove clutter
-9. **Error Recovery**: Helpful error messages
-10. **Documentation**: Easy to find help
-
+# Nielsen's Usability Heuristics
+
+## Overview
+
+Jakob Nielsen's 10 Usability Heuristics are a set of general principles for interaction design. These heuristics provide a framework for evaluating and improving the usability of user interfaces.
+
+## The 10 Heuristics
+
+### 1. Visibility of System Status
+The system should always keep users informed about what is going on, through appropriate feedback within reasonable time.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Show current state
+- Provide progress indicators
+- Loading states
+- Status messages
+- Clear feedback
+
+**Examples:**
+- Progress bars for file uploads
+- Loading spinners
+- "Saving..." messages
+- Breadcrumb navigation
+- Active page indicators
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- No loading indicators
+- Unclear current location
+- No status updates
+- Silent failures
+- Unclear progress
+
+### 2. Match Between System and the Real World
+The system should speak the users' language, with words, phrases and concepts familiar to the user, rather than system-oriented terms.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Use familiar language
+- Follow real-world conventions
+- Natural order
+- Familiar metaphors
+- User terminology
+
+**Examples:**
+- "Shopping cart" for e-commerce
+- "Trash" or "Recycle bin" for deletion
+- Calendar interface
+- File folder metaphor
+- Natural language forms
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Technical jargon
+- System terminology
+- Unfamiliar concepts
+- Unnatural order
+- Confusing labels
+
+### 3. User Control and Freedom
+Users often choose system functions by mistake and will need a clearly marked "emergency exit" to leave the unwanted state without having to go through an extended dialogue.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Undo functionality
+- Cancel buttons
+- Escape routes
+- Clear exits
+- Reversible actions
+
+**Examples:**
+- Undo/Redo buttons
+- Cancel in dialogs
+- Back button
+- Close buttons
+- Exit without saving
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- No undo option
+- Trapped in dialogs
+- No cancel button
+- Irreversible actions
+- No escape route
+
+### 4. Consistency and Standards
+Users should not have to wonder whether different words, situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform conventions.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Consistent terminology
+- Standard conventions
+- Platform guidelines
+- Familiar patterns
+- Predictable behavior
+
+**Examples:**
+- Consistent button labels
+- Standard icons
+- Platform conventions
+- Consistent navigation
+- Familiar patterns
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Inconsistent labels
+- Different patterns
+- Non-standard conventions
+- Unpredictable behavior
+- Mixed terminology
+
+### 5. Error Prevention
+Even better than good error messages is a careful design which prevents a problem from occurring in the first place.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Prevent errors
+- Validate input
+- Confirm destructive actions
+- Provide constraints
+- Clear instructions
+
+**Examples:**
+- Input validation
+- Confirmation dialogs
+- Disabled invalid options
+- Format hints
+- Constraint messages
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- No validation
+- No confirmations
+- Unclear instructions
+- Easy to make mistakes
+- No prevention
+
+### 6. Recognition Rather Than Recall
+Minimize the user's memory load by making objects, actions, and options visible. The user should not have to remember information from one part of the dialogue to another.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Show options
+- Visible information
+- Icons with labels
+- Contextual help
+- Examples provided
+
+**Examples:**
+- Dropdown menus
+- Icons with text
+- Tooltips
+- Contextual help
+- Visible history
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Hidden options
+- Icons without labels
+- No help available
+- Must remember information
+- Invisible features
+
+### 7. Flexibility and Efficiency of Use
+Accelerators — unseen by the novice user — may often speed up the interaction for the expert user such that the system can cater to both inexperienced and experienced users.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Keyboard shortcuts
+- Customizable interface
+- Power user features
+- Multiple ways to accomplish tasks
+- Efficiency features
+
+**Examples:**
+- Keyboard shortcuts
+- Customizable toolbars
+- Quick actions
+- Macros
+- Batch operations
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- No shortcuts
+- No customization
+- Only one way to do things
+- Slow for experts
+- No efficiency features
+
+### 8. Aesthetic and Minimalist Design
+Dialogues should not contain information which is irrelevant or rarely needed. Every extra unit of information in a dialogue competes with the relevant units of information and diminishes their relative visibility.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Remove clutter
+- Focus on essentials
+- Clean design
+- Clear hierarchy
+- Minimal interface
+
+**Examples:**
+- Clean layouts
+- Focused content
+- Progressive disclosure
+- Collapsible sections
+- Minimal navigation
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Cluttered interface
+- Too much information
+- Unclear hierarchy
+- Distracting elements
+- Overwhelming design
+
+### 9. Help Users Recognize, Diagnose, and Recover from Errors
+Error messages should be expressed in plain language (no codes), precisely indicate the problem, and constructively suggest a solution.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Clear error messages
+- Plain language
+- Specific problems
+- Constructive solutions
+- Helpful guidance
+
+**Examples:**
+- "Email address is invalid" not "Error 404"
+- Specific error descriptions
+- Suggested solutions
+- Helpful links
+- Recovery options
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Technical error codes
+- Vague messages
+- No solutions
+- Unhelpful errors
+- Confusing messages
+
+### 10. Help and Documentation
+Even though it is better if the system can be used without documentation, it may be necessary to provide help and documentation.
+
+**Principles:**
+- Easy to find
+- Searchable
+- Task-focused
+- Clear instructions
+- Contextual help
+
+**Examples:**
+- Help menus
+- Tooltips
+- Contextual help
+- Video tutorials
+- FAQ sections
+
+**Common Violations:**
+- Hard to find
+- Not searchable
+- Unclear instructions
+- No help available
+- Outdated documentation
+
+## Applying the Heuristics
+
+### Evaluation Process
+1. Review each heuristic
+2. Identify violations
+3. Prioritize issues
+4. Suggest improvements
+5. Test solutions
+
+### Heuristic Evaluation
+- Expert review
+- Systematic evaluation
+- Document findings
+- Rate severity
+- Recommend fixes
+
+### Severity Ratings
+- **0**: Not a usability problem
+- **1**: Cosmetic problem
+- **2**: Minor usability problem
+- **3**: Major usability problem
+- **4**: Usability catastrophe
+
+## Best Practices
+
+### 1. Regular Evaluation
+- Conduct heuristic evaluations
+- Review against heuristics
+- Identify issues early
+- Continuous improvement
+
+### 2. Team Training
+- Train team on heuristics
+- Share knowledge
+- Apply consistently
+- Reference in reviews
+
+### 3. User Testing
+- Combine with user testing
+- Validate findings
+- Prioritize issues
+- Test solutions
+
+### 4. Documentation
+- Document violations
+- Track improvements
+- Share findings
+- Maintain records
+
+## Common Patterns
+
+### Error Prevention Pattern
+```html
+<input type="email" 
+       required 
+       pattern="[a-z0-9._%+-]+@[a-z0-9.-]+\.[a-z]{2,}$"
+       aria-invalid="false"
+       aria-describedby="email-help">
+<span id="email-help">Enter a valid email address</span>
+```
+
+### Status Feedback Pattern
+```html
+<div role="status" aria-live="polite">
+  <span class="spinner"></span>
+  Saving changes...
+</div>
+```
+
+### Undo Pattern
+```html
+<button onclick="undo()" aria-label="Undo last action">
+  Undo
+</button>
+```
+
+## Best Practices Summary
+
+1. **Visibility**: Always show system status
+2. **Real World**: Use familiar language
+3. **User Control**: Provide undo and escape
+4. **Consistency**: Follow standards
+5. **Error Prevention**: Prevent mistakes
+6. **Recognition**: Show, don't require recall
+7. **Flexibility**: Support all user levels
+8. **Minimalism**: Remove clutter
+9. **Error Recovery**: Helpful error messages
+10. **Documentation**: Easy to find help
+