passagemath-gap-pkg-semigroups 10.6.30__cp312-abi3-macosx_13_0_arm64.whl

gap/pkg/semigroups/gap/attributes/dual.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#############################################################################
+##
+##  attributes/dual.gd
+##  Copyright (C) 2018-2022                              James D. Mitchell
+##                                                              Finn Smith
+##
+##  Licensing information can be found in the README file of this package.
+##
+#############################################################################
+##
+
+DeclareCategory("IsDualSemigroupElement", IsAssociativeElement);
+DeclareCategoryCollections("IsDualSemigroupElement");
+DeclareAttribute("DualSemigroup", IsSemigroup);
+
+# TODO (major release): remove "Rep" and update docs
+DeclareCategory("IsDualSemigroupRep",
+                IsDualSemigroupElementCollection and IsSemigroup);
+
+DeclareAttribute("DualSemigroupOfFamily", IsFamily);
+DeclareAttribute("AntiIsomorphismDualSemigroup", IsSemigroup);
+DeclareGlobalFunction("UnderlyingElementOfDualSemigroupElement");
+
+InstallTrueMethod(IsDualSemigroupRep,
+                  IsSemigroup and IsDualSemigroupElementCollection);

gap/pkg/semigroups/gap/attributes/dual.gi

@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+#############################################################################
+##
+##  attributes/dual.gi
+##  Copyright (C) 2018-2022                              James D. Mitchell
+##                                                              Finn Smith
+##
+##  Licensing information can be found in the README file of this package.
+##
+#############################################################################
+##
+
+# This file contains an implementation of dual semigroups. We only provide
+# enough functionality to allow dual semigroups to work as semigroups. This is
+# to avoid having to install versions of every function in Semigroups specially
+# for dual semigroup representations. In some cases special functions would be
+# faster.
+
+InstallMethod(DualSemigroup, "for a semigroup",
+[IsSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local fam, dual, filts, type, map;
+
+  if IsDualSemigroupRep(S) then
+    if HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup(S) then
+      return Semigroup(List(GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S),
+                            UnderlyingElementOfDualSemigroupElement));
+    fi;
+    ErrorNoReturn("this dual semigroup cannot be constructed ",
+                  "without knowing generators");
+  fi;
+
+  fam  := NewFamily("DualSemigroupElementsFamily", IsDualSemigroupElement);
+  dual := rec();
+  ObjectifyWithAttributes(dual,
+                          NewType(CollectionsFamily(fam),
+                                  IsSemigroup and
+                                  IsWholeFamily and
+                                  IsDualSemigroupRep and
+                                  IsAttributeStoringRep),
+                          DualSemigroup,
+                          S,
+                          CanUseGapFroidurePin,
+                          CanUseFroidurePin(S));
+
+  filts := IsDualSemigroupElement;
+  if IsMultiplicativeElementWithOne(Representative(S)) then
+    filts := filts and IsMultiplicativeElementWithOne;
+  fi;
+
+  type       := NewType(fam, filts);
+  fam!.type  := type;
+
+  SetDualSemigroupOfFamily(fam, dual);
+  SetElementsFamily(FamilyObj(dual), fam);
+
+  if HasIsFinite(S) then
+    SetIsFinite(dual, IsFinite(S));
+  fi;
+
+  if IsTransformationSemigroup(S) then
+    map := AntiIsomorphismDualSemigroup(dual);
+    SetAntiIsomorphismTransformationSemigroup(dual, map);
+  fi;
+
+  if HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup(S) then
+    SetGeneratorsOfSemigroup(dual,
+                             List(GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S),
+                                  x -> SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(dual,
+                                                                         x)));
+  fi;
+
+  if HasGeneratorsOfMonoid(S) then
+    SetGeneratorsOfMonoid(dual,
+                          List(GeneratorsOfMonoid(S),
+                               x -> SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(dual,
+                                                                      x)));
+  fi;
+  return dual;
+end);
+
+SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC := function(S, s)
+  if not IsDualSemigroupElement(s) then
+    return Objectify(ElementsFamily(FamilyObj(S))!.type, [s]);
+  fi;
+  return s![1];
+end;
+
+InstallMethod(AntiIsomorphismDualSemigroup, "for a semigroup",
+[IsSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local dual, inv, iso;
+
+  dual := DualSemigroup(S);
+  iso  := x -> SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(dual, x);
+  inv  := x -> SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(S, x);
+  return MappingByFunction(S, dual, iso, inv);
+end);
+
+InstallGlobalFunction(UnderlyingElementOfDualSemigroupElement,
+function(s)
+  if not IsDualSemigroupElement(s) then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the argument is not an element represented as a dual ",
+                  "semigroup element");
+  fi;
+  return s![1];
+end);
+
+################################################################################
+## Technical methods
+################################################################################
+
+InstallMethod(OneMutable, "for a dual semigroup element",
+[IsDualSemigroupElement and IsMultiplicativeElementWithOne],
+function(s)
+  local S, x;
+  S := DualSemigroupOfFamily(FamilyObj(s));
+  x := SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(DualSemigroup(S), s);
+  return SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(S, OneMutable(x));
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(MultiplicativeNeutralElement, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep],
+10,  # add rank to beat enumeration methods
+function(S)
+  local m;
+  m := MultiplicativeNeutralElement(DualSemigroup(S));
+  if m <> fail then
+    return SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(S, m);
+  fi;
+  return fail;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(Representative, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep],
+function(S)
+  if HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup(S) then
+    return GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S)[1];
+  fi;
+  return SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(S, Representative(DualSemigroup(S)));
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(Size, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep],
+10,  # add rank to beat enumeration methods
+S -> Size(DualSemigroup(S)));
+
+InstallMethod(AsList, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep],
+10,  # add rank to beat enumeration methods
+S -> List(DualSemigroup(S), s -> SEMIGROUPS.DualSemigroupElementNC(S, s)));
+
+InstallMethod(\*, "for dual semigroup elements",
+IsIdenticalObj,
+[IsDualSemigroupElement, IsDualSemigroupElement],
+{x, y} -> Objectify(FamilyObj(x)!.type, [y![1] * x![1]]));
+
+InstallMethod(\=, "for dual semigroup elements",
+IsIdenticalObj,
+[IsDualSemigroupElement, IsDualSemigroupElement],
+{x, y} -> x![1] = y![1]);
+
+InstallMethod(\<, "for dual semigroup elements",
+IsIdenticalObj,
+[IsDualSemigroupElement, IsDualSemigroupElement],
+{x, y} -> x![1] < y![1]);
+
+InstallMethod(ViewObj, "for dual semigroup elements",
+[IsDualSemigroupElement], PrintObj);
+
+InstallMethod(PrintObj, "for dual semigroup elements",
+[IsDualSemigroupElement],
+function(x)
+  Print("<", ViewString(x![1]), " in the dual semigroup>");
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(ViewObj, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep], PrintObj);
+
+InstallMethod(PrintObj, "for a dual semigroup",
+[IsDualSemigroupRep],
+function(S)
+  Print("<dual semigroup of ",
+        ViewString(DualSemigroup(S)),
+        ">");
+end);
+
+# InstallMethod(ViewString, "for dual semigroup elements",
+# [IsDualSemigroupElement], PrintString);
+#
+# InstallMethod(PrintString, "for dual semigroup elements",
+# [IsDualSemigroupElement],
+# x -> StringFormatted("<{!v} in the dual semigroup>", x![1]);
+#
+# InstallMethod(ViewString, "for a dual semigroup",
+# [IsDualSemigroupRep], PrintString);
+#
+# InstallMethod(PrintString, "for a dual semigroup",
+# [IsDualSemigroupRep],
+# S -> StringFormatted("<dual semigroup of {!v}>", DualSemigroup(S));
+
+InstallMethod(ChooseHashFunction, "for a dual semigroup element and int",
+[IsDualSemigroupElement, IsInt],
+function(x, data)
+  local H, hashfunc;
+
+  H        := ChooseHashFunction(x![1], data);
+  hashfunc := {a, b} -> H.func(a![1], b);
+  return rec(func := hashfunc, data := H.data);
+end);

gap/pkg/semigroups/gap/attributes/factor.gd

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+############################################################################
+##
+##  attributes/factor.gd
+##  Copyright (C) 2013-2022                              James D. Mitchell
+##
+##  Licensing information can be found in the README file of this package.
+##
+#############################################################################
+##
+
+DeclareOperation("MinimalFactorization",
+                 [IsSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement]);
+DeclareOperation("NonTrivialFactorization",
+                 [IsSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement]);
+DeclareOperation("Factorization", [IsLambdaOrb, IsPosInt, IsPerm]);
+DeclareOperation("Factorization", [IsSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement]);
+DeclareOperation("TraceSchreierTreeForward", [IsSemigroupData, IsPosInt]);

gap/pkg/semigroups/gap/attributes/factor.gi

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+#############################################################################
+##
+##  attributes/factor.gi
+##  Copyright (C) 2013-2022                              James D. Mitchell
+##
+##  Licensing information can be found in the README file of this package.
+##
+#############################################################################
+##
+
+# This file contains methods relating to factorising elements of a semigroup
+# over its generators.
+
+# this is declared in the library, but there is no method for semigroups in the
+# library.
+
+InstallMethod(Factorization,
+"for semigroup with CanUseFroidurePin and multiplicative element",
+[IsSemigroup and CanUseFroidurePin, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+MinimalFactorization);
+
+InstallMethod(NonTrivialFactorization,
+"for semigroup with CanUseFroidurePin and multiplicative element",
+[IsSemigroup and CanUseFroidurePin, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local gens, pos, gr, verts, i, j, y;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  elif HasIndecomposableElements(S)
+      and x in IndecomposableElements(S) then
+    return fail;
+  fi;
+
+  # if <x> is not a generator of <S>, then any factorization is non-trivial
+  gens := GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S);
+  pos := Position(gens, x);
+  if pos = fail then
+    return Factorization(S, x);
+  elif IsIdempotent(x) then
+    return [pos, pos];
+  fi;
+
+  pos := PositionCanonical(S, x);
+  gr  := RightCayleyDigraph(S);
+  verts := InNeighboursOfVertex(gr, pos);
+  if IsEmpty(verts) then
+    return fail;
+  fi;
+  i := verts[1];
+  j := Position(OutNeighboursOfVertex(gr, i), pos);
+  y := EnumeratorCanonical(S)[i];
+  return Concatenation(MinimalFactorization(S, y), [j]);
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(NonTrivialFactorization,
+"for an acting semigroup with generators and multiplicative element",
+[IsActingSemigroup and HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local factorization, id, gens, data, pos, graph, j, i;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  elif HasIndecomposableElements(S)
+      and x in IndecomposableElements(S) then
+    return fail;
+  fi;
+
+  factorization := Factorization(S, x);
+  if not IsTrivial(factorization) then
+    return factorization;
+  fi;
+
+  # Attempt to find a right identity for x.
+  id := RightIdentity(S, x);
+  if id <> fail then
+    return Concatenation(factorization, Factorization(S, id));
+  fi;
+
+  # {x} is a non-reg trivial R-class.
+  Assert(1, IsTrivial(RClass(S, x)) and not IsRegularGreensClass(RClass(S, x)));
+
+  # Attempt to find a left identity for x.
+  id := LeftIdentity(S, x);
+  if id <> fail then
+    return Concatenation(Factorization(S, id), factorization);
+  fi;
+
+  # {x} is a non-reg trivial D-class. Either {x} is maximal or <x> is redundant.
+  Assert(1, IsTrivial(DClass(S, x)) and not IsRegularDClass(DClass(S, x)));
+
+  # If <x> is redundant, we can decompose <x> as a left multiple of some other
+  # R-class rep of the semigroup
+  gens := GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S);
+  data := SemigroupData(S);
+  Enumerate(data);
+  pos := Position(data, x);
+  graph := OrbitGraph(data);
+  for j in [2 .. Length(data)] do
+    for i in [1 .. Length(gens)] do
+      if graph[j][i] = pos then
+        # x = gens[i] * RClassReps(S)[j - 1].
+        return Concatenation([i], Factorization(S, data[j][4]));
+      fi;
+    od;
+  od;
+
+  # {x} is a maximal D-class and is therefore an indecomposable element.
+  return fail;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(NonTrivialFactorization,
+"for an acting inverse semigroup rep with generators and element",
+[IsInverseActingSemigroupRep and HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup,
+ IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local pos;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  fi;
+  pos := Position(GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S), x);
+  if pos = fail then
+    return Factorization(S, x);
+  fi;
+  return [pos, -pos, pos];
+end);
+
+# factorisation of Schutzenberger group element, the same method works for
+# ideals
+
+InstallMethod(Factorization, "for a lambda orbit, scc index, and perm",
+[IsLambdaOrb, IsPosInt, IsPerm],
+function(o, m, p)
+  local gens, scc, lookup, orbitgraph, genstoapply, lambdaperm, rep, bound, G,
+  factors, nr, stop, uword, u, adj, vword, v, x, iso, word, epi, out, k, l, i;
+
+  if not IsBound(o!.factors) then
+    o!.factors      := [];
+    o!.factorgroups := [];
+  fi;
+
+  if not IsBound(o!.factors[m]) then
+    gens        := o!.gens;
+    scc         := OrbSCC(o)[m];
+    lookup      := o!.scc_lookup;
+    orbitgraph  := OrbitGraph(o);
+    genstoapply := [1 .. Length(gens)];
+    lambdaperm  := LambdaPerm(o!.parent);
+    rep         := LambdaOrbRep(o, m);
+    bound       := Size(LambdaOrbSchutzGp(o, m));
+
+    G           := Group(());
+    factors     := [];
+    nr          := 0;
+    stop        := false;
+
+    for k in scc do
+      uword := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCForward(o, m, k);
+      u     := EvaluateWord(o, uword);
+      adj   := orbitgraph[k];
+
+      for l in genstoapply do
+        if IsBound(adj[l]) and lookup[adj[l]] = m then
+          vword := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCBack(o, m, adj[l]);
+          v     := EvaluateWord(o, vword);
+          x     := lambdaperm(rep, rep * u * gens[l] * v);
+          if bound = 1 or not x in G then
+            G := ClosureGroup(G, x);
+            nr := nr + 1;
+            factors[nr] := Concatenation(uword, [l], vword);
+            if Size(G) = bound then
+              stop := true;
+              break;
+            fi;
+          fi;
+        fi;
+      od;
+      if stop then
+        break;
+      fi;
+    od;
+    o!.factors[m]      := factors;
+    o!.factorgroups[m] := G;
+  else
+    factors := o!.factors[m];
+    G       := o!.factorgroups[m];
+  fi;
+
+  if not p in G then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 3rd argument <p> does not belong to the ",
+                  "Schutzenberger group");
+  elif IsEmpty(factors) then
+    # No elt of the semigroup stabilizes the relevant lambda value.  Therefore
+    # the Schutzenberger group is trivial, and corresponds to the action of an
+    # adjoined identity. No element of the semigroup acts like <p> = ().
+    return fail;
+  fi;
+
+  # express <elt> as a word in the generators of the Schutzenberger group
+  if (not IsInverseActingSemigroupRep(o!.parent)) and Size(G) <= 1024 then
+    iso := IsomorphismTransformationSemigroup(G);
+    word := MinimalFactorization(Range(iso), p ^ iso);
+  else
+    # Note that in this case the word potentially contains inverses of
+    # generators and we do not have a good way, in general, of finding words in
+    # the original generators of the semigroup that equal the inverse of a
+    # generator of the Schutzenberger group.
+    if p = () then
+      # When p = (), LetterRepAssocWord gives the empty word. The case p = () is
+      # only used by NonTrivialFactorization, which requires a non-empty word.
+      # Return [k, -k] (i.e. kk^-1), where k is gen with smallest order in G.
+      v := infinity;
+      for i in [1 .. Length(GeneratorsOfGroup(G))] do
+        x := Order(G.(i));
+        if x < v then
+          k := i;
+          v := x;
+        fi;
+      od;
+      word := [k, -k];
+    else
+      epi := EpimorphismFromFreeGroup(G);
+      word := LetterRepAssocWord(PreImagesRepresentativeNC(epi, p));
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  # convert group generators to semigroup generators
+  out := [];
+  for i in word do
+    if i > 0 then
+      Append(out, factors[i]);
+    elif IsInverseActingSemigroupRep(o!.parent) then
+      Append(out, Reversed(factors[-i]) * -1);
+    else
+      Append(out, Concatenation(List([1 .. Order(G.(-i)) - 1],
+                                x -> factors[-i])));
+    fi;
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# returns a word in the generators of the parent of <data> equal to the R-class
+# representative stored in <data!.orbit[pos]>.
+
+# Notes: the code is more complicated than you might think since the R-class
+# reps are obtained from earlier reps by left multiplication but the orbit
+# multipliers correspond to right multiplication.
+
+# This method does not work for ideals!
+
+InstallMethod(TraceSchreierTreeForward, "for semigroup data and pos int",
+[IsSemigroupData, IsPosInt],
+function(data, pos)
+  local word1, word2, schreiergen, schreierpos, schreiermult, orb;
+
+  word1 := [];  # the word obtained by tracing schreierpos and schreiergen
+                # (left multiplication)
+  word2 := [];  # the word corresponding to multipliers applied (if any)
+                # (right multiplication)
+
+  schreiergen := data!.schreiergen;
+  schreierpos := data!.schreierpos;
+  schreiermult := data!.schreiermult;
+
+  orb := data!.orbit;
+
+  while pos > 1 do
+    Add(word1, schreiergen[pos]);
+    Append(word2,
+           Reversed(TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCBack(orb[pos][3],
+                                               orb[pos][2],
+                                               schreiermult[pos])));
+    pos := schreierpos[pos];
+  od;
+
+  Append(word1, Reversed(word2));
+  return word1;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(Factorization,
+"for an acting semigroup with generators and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup and HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local pos, o, l, m, scc, data, rep, word1, word2, p;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  else
+    pos := Position(S, x);  # position in the current data structure if any
+    if pos <> fail then
+      return MinimalFactorization(S, x);
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  o := Enumerate(LambdaOrb(S));
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(x));
+  m := OrbSCCLookup(o)[l];
+  scc := OrbSCC(o)[m];
+
+  data := SemigroupData(S);
+  pos := Position(data, x);                     # Not <fail> since <f> in <s>
+  rep := data[pos][4];                          # rep of R-class of <f>
+
+  word1 := TraceSchreierTreeForward(data, pos);  # A word equal to <rep>
+
+  # Compensate for the action of the multipliers, if necessary
+  if l <> scc[1] then
+    word2 := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCForward(o, m, l);
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x *
+                       LambdaInverse(S)(o[scc[1]],
+                                        EvaluateWord(o!.gens, word2)));
+  else
+    word2 := [];
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x);
+  fi;
+
+  if IsOne(p) then
+    # No need to factorise <p>
+    Append(word1, word2);
+    return word1;
+  fi;
+
+  # factorize the group element <p> over the generators of <s>
+  Append(word1, Factorization(o, m, p));
+  Append(word1, word2);
+
+  return word1;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(Factorization,
+"for an acting inverse semigroup rep with generators and element",
+IsCollsElms,
+[IsInverseActingSemigroupRep and HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup,
+ IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local pos, o, gens, l, m, scc, word1, k, rep, word2, p;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  else
+    pos := Position(S, x);  # position in the current data structure if any
+    if pos <> fail then
+      return MinimalFactorization(S, x);
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(S);
+  gens := o!.gens;
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(x));
+  m := OrbSCCLookup(o)[l];
+  scc := OrbSCC(o)[m];
+
+  # find the R-class rep
+  word1 := TraceSchreierTreeForward(o, scc[1]);
+  # lambda value is ok, but rho value is wrong
+  k := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(EvaluateWord(gens, word1)));
+  # take rho value of <word1> back to 1st position in scc
+  word1 := Concatenation(TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCForward(o, m, k), word1);
+
+  # take rho value of <word1> forwards to rho value of <f>
+  k := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(x));
+  word1 := Concatenation(TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCBack(o, m, k), word1);
+  # <rep> is an R-class rep for the R-class of <f>
+  rep := EvaluateWord(gens, word1);
+
+  # compensate for the action of the multipliers
+  if l <> scc[1] then
+    word2 := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCForward(o, m, l);
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x *
+                       LambdaInverse(S)(o[scc[1]], EvaluateWord(gens, word2)));
+  else
+    word2 := [];
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x);
+  fi;
+
+  if IsOne(p) then
+    Append(word1, word2);
+    return word1;
+  fi;
+
+  # factorize the group element <p> over the generators of <s>
+  Append(word1, Factorization(o, m, p));
+  Append(word1, word2);
+
+  return word1;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(Factorization,
+"for a regular acting semigroup with generators and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup and IsRegularSemigroup and HasGeneratorsOfSemigroup,
+ IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  local pos, o, gens, l, word1, rep, m, scc, k, word2, p;
+
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) must belong to the ",
+                  "1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  else
+    pos := Position(S, x);  # position in the current data structure if any
+    if pos <> fail then
+      return MinimalFactorization(S, x);
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  o := RhoOrb(S);
+  Enumerate(o);
+  gens := o!.gens;
+  l := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(x));
+
+  # find the R-class rep
+  word1 := TraceSchreierTreeBack(o, l);
+  # rho value is ok but lambda value is wrong
+  # trace back to get forward since this is a left orbit
+  rep := EvaluateWord(gens, word1);
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(S);
+  Enumerate(o);
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(x));
+  m := OrbSCCLookup(o)[l];
+  scc := OrbSCC(o)[m];
+
+  k := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(rep));
+  word2 := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCBack(o, m, k);
+  rep := rep * EvaluateWord(gens, word2);  # the R-class rep of the R-class of f
+  Append(word1, word2);                    # and this word equals rep
+
+  # compensate for the action of the multipliers
+  if l <> scc[1] then
+    word2 := TraceSchreierTreeOfSCCForward(o, m, l);
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x *
+                       LambdaInverse(S)(o[scc[1]], EvaluateWord(gens, word2)));
+  else
+    word2 := [];
+    p := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x);
+  fi;
+
+  if IsOne(p) then
+    Append(word1, word2);
+    return word1;
+  fi;
+
+  # factorize the group element <p> over the generators of <s>
+  Append(word1, Factorization(o, m, p));
+  Append(word1, word2);
+
+  return word1;
+end);