blockmine 1.24.0 → 1.27.0

package/.claude/skills/cloud-engineering/resources/aws-patterns.md

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-# AWS Patterns
-
-Comprehensive guide to Amazon Web Services (AWS) covering core services, architectural patterns, Well-Architected Framework, and best practices for building scalable, reliable, and secure cloud infrastructure.
-
-## Table of Contents
-
-- [AWS Service Overview](#aws-service-overview)
-- [Compute Services](#compute-services)
-- [Storage Services](#storage-services)
-- [Database Services](#database-services)
-- [Networking Services](#networking-services)
-- [Container Services](#container-services)
-- [Serverless Services](#serverless-services)
-- [Well-Architected Framework](#well-architected-framework)
-- [Common Patterns](#common-patterns)
-- [Best Practices](#best-practices)
-- [Anti-Patterns](#anti-patterns)
-
-## AWS Service Overview
-
-### Service Categories
-
-```
-Compute:         EC2, Lambda, ECS, EKS, Fargate, Batch
-Storage:         S3, EBS, EFS, Glacier, Storage Gateway
-Database:        RDS, DynamoDB, Aurora, ElastiCache, Neptune
-Networking:      VPC, Route 53, CloudFront, Direct Connect, API Gateway
-Security:        IAM, KMS, Secrets Manager, WAF, Shield
-Monitoring:      CloudWatch, X-Ray, CloudTrail
-DevOps:          CodePipeline, CodeBuild, CodeDeploy
-Analytics:       Athena, EMR, Kinesis, Redshift, QuickSight
-```
-
-## Compute Services
-
-### EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)
-
-**Instance Types:**
-```
-General Purpose (T3, M5):     Balanced CPU/memory
-Compute Optimized (C5):       CPU-intensive workloads
-Memory Optimized (R5, X1):    In-memory databases, caching
-Storage Optimized (I3, D2):   High disk throughput
-GPU Instances (P3, G4):       ML training, graphics
-```
-
-**Example: Auto Scaling Group with Launch Template:**
-```hcl
-# launch_template.tf
-resource "aws_launch_template" "app" {
-  name_prefix   = "app-server-"
-  image_id      = data.aws_ami.amazon_linux_2.id
-  instance_type = "t3.medium"
-
-  vpc_security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.app.id]
-
-  iam_instance_profile {
-    name = aws_iam_instance_profile.app.name
-  }
-
-  user_data = base64encode(templatefile("${path.module}/user_data.sh", {
-    region = var.region
-  }))
-
-  block_device_mappings {
-    device_name = "/dev/xvda"
-
-    ebs {
-      volume_size           = 50
-      volume_type           = "gp3"
-      iops                  = 3000
-      throughput            = 125
-      encrypted             = true
-      delete_on_termination = true
-    }
-  }
-
-  metadata_options {
-    http_endpoint               = "enabled"
-    http_tokens                 = "required"  # IMDSv2
-    http_put_response_hop_limit = 1
-  }
-
-  tag_specifications {
-    resource_type = "instance"
-
-    tags = {
-      Name        = "app-server"
-      Environment = var.environment
-      ManagedBy   = "terraform"
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-# auto_scaling.tf
-resource "aws_autoscaling_group" "app" {
-  name                = "app-asg"
-  vpc_zone_identifier = var.private_subnet_ids
-  target_group_arns   = [aws_lb_target_group.app.arn]
-  health_check_type   = "ELB"
-  health_check_grace_period = 300
-
-  min_size         = 2
-  max_size         = 10
-  desired_capacity = 3
-
-  launch_template {
-    id      = aws_launch_template.app.id
-    version = "$Latest"
-  }
-
-  # Scaling policies
-  dynamic "tag" {
-    for_each = {
-      Name        = "app-server"
-      Environment = var.environment
-    }
-    content {
-      key                 = tag.key
-      value               = tag.value
-      propagate_at_launch = true
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-# Target tracking scaling policy
-resource "aws_autoscaling_policy" "cpu" {
-  name                   = "cpu-target-tracking"
-  autoscaling_group_name = aws_autoscaling_group.app.name
-  policy_type            = "TargetTrackingScaling"
-
-  target_tracking_configuration {
-    predefined_metric_specification {
-      predefined_metric_type = "ASGAverageCPUUtilization"
-    }
-    target_value = 70.0
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### Lambda (Serverless Compute)
-
-**Example: Lambda Function with Layers:**
-```hcl
-# lambda_function.tf
-resource "aws_lambda_function" "api_handler" {
-  filename         = "lambda.zip"
-  function_name    = "api-handler"
-  role            = aws_iam_role.lambda.arn
-  handler         = "index.handler"
-  source_code_hash = filebase64sha256("lambda.zip")
-  runtime         = "nodejs18.x"
-
-  memory_size = 256
-  timeout     = 30
-
-  # Environment variables
-  environment {
-    variables = {
-      TABLE_NAME   = aws_dynamodb_table.main.name
-      REGION       = var.region
-      STAGE        = var.environment
-      LOG_LEVEL    = "info"
-    }
-  }
-
-  # VPC configuration for private resources
-  vpc_config {
-    subnet_ids         = var.private_subnet_ids
-    security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.lambda.id]
-  }
-
-  # Shared libraries
-  layers = [
-    aws_lambda_layer_version.dependencies.arn,
-    "arn:aws:lambda:${var.region}:580247275435:layer:LambdaInsightsExtension:14"
-  ]
-
-  # Tracing
-  tracing_config {
-    mode = "Active"
-  }
-
-  # Reserved concurrency
-  reserved_concurrent_executions = 10
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-}
-
-# Lambda layer for dependencies
-resource "aws_lambda_layer_version" "dependencies" {
-  filename   = "layer.zip"
-  layer_name = "api-dependencies"
-
-  compatible_runtimes = ["nodejs18.x"]
-
-  description = "Shared dependencies for API functions"
-}
-
-# CloudWatch Logs
-resource "aws_cloudwatch_log_group" "lambda" {
-  name              = "/aws/lambda/${aws_lambda_function.api_handler.function_name}"
-  retention_in_days = 14
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Storage Services
-
-### S3 (Simple Storage Service)
-
-**Example: S3 Bucket with Best Practices:**
-```hcl
-resource "aws_s3_bucket" "data" {
-  bucket = "company-data-${var.environment}-${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}"
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-    Purpose     = "application-data"
-  }
-}
-
-# Versioning for data protection
-resource "aws_s3_bucket_versioning" "data" {
-  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
-
-  versioning_configuration {
-    status = "Enabled"
-  }
-}
-
-# Encryption at rest
-resource "aws_s3_bucket_server_side_encryption_configuration" "data" {
-  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
-
-  rule {
-    apply_server_side_encryption_by_default {
-      sse_algorithm     = "aws:kms"
-      kms_master_key_id = aws_kms_key.s3.arn
-    }
-    bucket_key_enabled = true
-  }
-}
-
-# Block public access
-resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "data" {
-  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
-
-  block_public_acls       = true
-  block_public_policy     = true
-  ignore_public_acls      = true
-  restrict_public_buckets = true
-}
-
-# Lifecycle policy
-resource "aws_s3_bucket_lifecycle_configuration" "data" {
-  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
-
-  rule {
-    id     = "transition-to-ia"
-    status = "Enabled"
-
-    transition {
-      days          = 90
-      storage_class = "STANDARD_IA"
-    }
-
-    transition {
-      days          = 180
-      storage_class = "GLACIER"
-    }
-
-    expiration {
-      days = 365
-    }
-  }
-
-  rule {
-    id     = "delete-old-versions"
-    status = "Enabled"
-
-    noncurrent_version_expiration {
-      noncurrent_days = 90
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-# Replication for DR
-resource "aws_s3_bucket_replication_configuration" "data" {
-  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.data.id
-  role   = aws_iam_role.replication.arn
-
-  rule {
-    id     = "replicate-to-dr"
-    status = "Enabled"
-
-    destination {
-      bucket        = aws_s3_bucket.data_replica.arn
-      storage_class = "STANDARD_IA"
-
-      replication_time {
-        status = "Enabled"
-        time {
-          minutes = 15
-        }
-      }
-
-      metrics {
-        status = "Enabled"
-        event_threshold {
-          minutes = 15
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Database Services
-
-### RDS (Relational Database Service)
-
-**Example: RDS PostgreSQL with Multi-AZ:**
-```hcl
-resource "aws_db_instance" "postgres" {
-  identifier = "app-db-${var.environment}"
-
-  engine               = "postgres"
-  engine_version       = "15.3"
-  instance_class       = "db.r6g.large"
-  allocated_storage    = 100
-  max_allocated_storage = 1000
-  storage_type         = "gp3"
-  storage_encrypted    = true
-  kms_key_id          = aws_kms_key.rds.arn
-
-  db_name  = "appdb"
-  username = "admin"
-  password = random_password.db_password.result
-
-  # High availability
-  multi_az               = true
-  availability_zone      = var.environment == "production" ? null : var.az
-
-  # Networking
-  db_subnet_group_name   = aws_db_subnet_group.main.name
-  vpc_security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.rds.id]
-  publicly_accessible    = false
-
-  # Backup
-  backup_retention_period = 7
-  backup_window          = "03:00-04:00"
-  maintenance_window     = "sun:04:00-sun:05:00"
-  skip_final_snapshot    = var.environment != "production"
-  final_snapshot_identifier = var.environment == "production" ? "${var.identifier}-final-${formatdate("YYYY-MM-DD-hhmm", timestamp())}" : null
-
-  # Performance
-  performance_insights_enabled    = true
-  performance_insights_retention_period = 7
-  enabled_cloudwatch_logs_exports = ["postgresql", "upgrade"]
-
-  # Auto minor version upgrade
-  auto_minor_version_upgrade = true
-
-  # Deletion protection for production
-  deletion_protection = var.environment == "production" ? true : false
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-}
-
-# Read replica for scaling reads
-resource "aws_db_instance" "postgres_replica" {
-  count = var.environment == "production" ? 1 : 0
-
-  identifier          = "app-db-${var.environment}-replica"
-  replicate_source_db = aws_db_instance.postgres.identifier
-
-  instance_class = "db.r6g.large"
-
-  # Can be in different AZ
-  availability_zone = var.replica_az
-
-  # Replica-specific settings
-  auto_minor_version_upgrade = true
-  publicly_accessible        = false
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-    Role        = "read-replica"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### DynamoDB (NoSQL Database)
-
-**Example: DynamoDB with GSI and Auto-Scaling:**
-```hcl
-resource "aws_dynamodb_table" "users" {
-  name           = "users-${var.environment}"
-  billing_mode   = "PAY_PER_REQUEST"  # Or "PROVISIONED"
-  hash_key       = "userId"
-  range_key      = "timestamp"
-
-  attribute {
-    name = "userId"
-    type = "S"
-  }
-
-  attribute {
-    name = "timestamp"
-    type = "N"
-  }
-
-  attribute {
-    name = "email"
-    type = "S"
-  }
-
-  attribute {
-    name = "status"
-    type = "S"
-  }
-
-  # Global Secondary Index
-  global_secondary_index {
-    name            = "EmailIndex"
-    hash_key        = "email"
-    projection_type = "ALL"
-  }
-
-  global_secondary_index {
-    name            = "StatusIndex"
-    hash_key        = "status"
-    range_key       = "timestamp"
-    projection_type = "INCLUDE"
-    non_key_attributes = ["userId", "email"]
-  }
-
-  # Point-in-time recovery
-  point_in_time_recovery {
-    enabled = true
-  }
-
-  # Encryption
-  server_side_encryption {
-    enabled     = true
-    kms_key_arn = aws_kms_key.dynamodb.arn
-  }
-
-  # TTL for auto-expiration
-  ttl {
-    attribute_name = "expiryTime"
-    enabled        = true
-  }
-
-  # Stream for change data capture
-  stream_enabled   = true
-  stream_view_type = "NEW_AND_OLD_IMAGES"
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-}
-
-# Auto-scaling for provisioned capacity
-resource "aws_appautoscaling_target" "dynamodb_table_read" {
-  count = var.billing_mode == "PROVISIONED" ? 1 : 0
-
-  max_capacity       = 100
-  min_capacity       = 5
-  resource_id        = "table/${aws_dynamodb_table.users.name}"
-  scalable_dimension = "dynamodb:table:ReadCapacityUnits"
-  service_namespace  = "dynamodb"
-}
-
-resource "aws_appautoscaling_policy" "dynamodb_table_read" {
-  count = var.billing_mode == "PROVISIONED" ? 1 : 0
-
-  name               = "DynamoDBReadCapacityUtilization:${aws_appautoscaling_target.dynamodb_table_read[0].resource_id}"
-  policy_type        = "TargetTrackingScaling"
-  resource_id        = aws_appautoscaling_target.dynamodb_table_read[0].resource_id
-  scalable_dimension = aws_appautoscaling_target.dynamodb_table_read[0].scalable_dimension
-  service_namespace  = aws_appautoscaling_target.dynamodb_table_read[0].service_namespace
-
-  target_tracking_scaling_policy_configuration {
-    predefined_metric_specification {
-      predefined_metric_type = "DynamoDBReadCapacityUtilization"
-    }
-    target_value = 70.0
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Container Services
-
-### EKS (Elastic Kubernetes Service)
-
-**Example: EKS Cluster with Node Groups:**
-```hcl
-resource "aws_eks_cluster" "main" {
-  name     = "app-cluster-${var.environment}"
-  role_arn = aws_iam_role.eks_cluster.arn
-  version  = "1.28"
-
-  vpc_config {
-    subnet_ids              = concat(var.private_subnet_ids, var.public_subnet_ids)
-    endpoint_private_access = true
-    endpoint_public_access  = true
-    public_access_cidrs     = var.allowed_cidr_blocks
-
-    security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.eks_cluster.id]
-  }
-
-  enabled_cluster_log_types = ["api", "audit", "authenticator", "controllerManager", "scheduler"]
-
-  encryption_config {
-    provider {
-      key_arn = aws_kms_key.eks.arn
-    }
-    resources = ["secrets"]
-  }
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-
-  depends_on = [
-    aws_iam_role_policy_attachment.eks_cluster_policy,
-    aws_iam_role_policy_attachment.eks_vpc_resource_controller,
-  ]
-}
-
-# Managed node group
-resource "aws_eks_node_group" "main" {
-  cluster_name    = aws_eks_cluster.main.name
-  node_group_name = "main-node-group"
-  node_role_arn   = aws_iam_role.eks_node.arn
-  subnet_ids      = var.private_subnet_ids
-
-  instance_types = ["t3.large"]
-  capacity_type  = "ON_DEMAND"
-
-  scaling_config {
-    desired_size = 3
-    max_size     = 10
-    min_size     = 2
-  }
-
-  update_config {
-    max_unavailable = 1
-  }
-
-  launch_template {
-    id      = aws_launch_template.eks_node.id
-    version = "$Latest"
-  }
-
-  tags = {
-    Environment = var.environment
-  }
-
-  depends_on = [
-    aws_iam_role_policy_attachment.eks_node_policy,
-    aws_iam_role_policy_attachment.eks_cni_policy,
-    aws_iam_role_policy_attachment.eks_registry_policy,
-  ]
-}
-
-# Fargate profile for serverless pods
-resource "aws_eks_fargate_profile" "serverless" {
-  cluster_name           = aws_eks_cluster.main.name
-  fargate_profile_name   = "serverless-profile"
-  pod_execution_role_arn = aws_iam_role.fargate_pod_execution.arn
-  subnet_ids             = var.private_subnet_ids
-
-  selector {
-    namespace = "serverless"
-  }
-
-  selector {
-    namespace = "kube-system"
-    labels = {
-      k8s-app = "kube-dns"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Well-Architected Framework
-
-### Five Pillars
-
-**1. Operational Excellence:**
-```yaml
-Principles:
-  - Perform operations as code
-  - Make frequent, small, reversible changes
-  - Refine operations procedures frequently
-  - Anticipate failure
-  - Learn from operational failures
-
-AWS Services:
-  - CloudFormation (IaC)
-  - Systems Manager (automation)
-  - CloudWatch (monitoring)
-  - X-Ray (tracing)
-```
-
-**2. Security:**
-```yaml
-Principles:
-  - Implement strong identity foundation
-  - Enable traceability
-  - Apply security at all layers
-  - Automate security best practices
-  - Protect data in transit and at rest
-  - Keep people away from data
-  - Prepare for security events
-
-AWS Services:
-  - IAM (identity)
-  - CloudTrail (audit)
-  - GuardDuty (threat detection)
-  - KMS (encryption)
-  - WAF (web firewall)
-```
-
-**3. Reliability:**
-```yaml
-Principles:
-  - Automatically recover from failure
-  - Test recovery procedures
-  - Scale horizontally
-  - Stop guessing capacity
-  - Manage change through automation
-
-AWS Services:
-  - Auto Scaling
-  - RDS Multi-AZ
-  - Route 53 (DNS failover)
-  - S3 (11 9s durability)
-```
-
-**4. Performance Efficiency:**
-```yaml
-Principles:
-  - Democratize advanced technologies
-  - Go global in minutes
-  - Use serverless architectures
-  - Experiment more often
-  - Consider mechanical sympathy
-
-AWS Services:
-  - Lambda (serverless)
-  - CloudFront (CDN)
-  - ElastiCache (caching)
-  - RDS (managed databases)
-```
-
-**5. Cost Optimization:**
-```yaml
-Principles:
-  - Implement cloud financial management
-  - Adopt consumption model
-  - Measure overall efficiency
-  - Stop spending on undifferentiated work
-  - Analyze and attribute expenditure
-
-AWS Services:
-  - Cost Explorer
-  - Budgets
-  - Compute Optimizer
-  - Trusted Advisor
-```
-
-## Common Patterns
-
-### Three-Tier Architecture
-
-```
-                    ┌─────────────┐
-                    │  Route 53   │
-                    │    (DNS)    │
-                    └──────┬──────┘
-                           │
-                    ┌──────▼──────┐
-                    │ CloudFront  │
-                    │    (CDN)    │
-                    └──────┬──────┘
-                           │
-           ┌───────────────┼───────────────┐
-           │               │               │
-    ┌──────▼──────┐ ┌──────▼──────┐ ┌──────▼──────┐
-    │   ALB       │ │   ALB       │ │   ALB       │
-    │   (AZ-1)    │ │   (AZ-2)    │ │   (AZ-3)    │
-    └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘
-           │               │               │
-    ┌──────▼──────┐ ┌──────▼──────┐ ┌──────▼──────┐
-    │  App Tier   │ │  App Tier   │ │  App Tier   │
-    │   (EC2)     │ │   (EC2)     │ │   (EC2)     │
-    └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘ └──────┬──────┘
-           │               │               │
-           └───────────────┼───────────────┘
-                           │
-                    ┌──────▼──────┐
-                    │     RDS     │
-                    │  Multi-AZ   │
-                    └─────────────┘
-```
-
-## Best Practices
-
-1. **Always use IAM roles**, never embed credentials
-2. **Enable MFA** for root and privileged accounts
-3. **Use VPC** for network isolation
-4. **Enable CloudTrail** for audit logging
-5. **Implement least privilege** access
-6. **Tag everything** for cost allocation
-7. **Use multiple AZs** for high availability
-8. **Enable encryption** at rest and in transit
-9. **Implement backup** and disaster recovery
-10. **Monitor with CloudWatch** and set alarms
-
-## Anti-Patterns
-
-❌ Using root account for daily operations
-❌ Hardcoding credentials in code
-❌ Single AZ deployments for production
-❌ No tagging strategy
-❌ Over-provisioning without auto-scaling
-❌ Public S3 buckets
-❌ No VPC or default VPC usage
-❌ No monitoring or alarms
-❌ Manual deployments
-❌ Ignoring cost optimization