@syllst/ko 0.1.1

package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-03.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: korean-essentials-lesson-03
+title: "Lesson 3 — Basic Questions (뭐예요?, 어디예요?, 얼마예요?)"
+description: "Learn the three most essential Korean question patterns: what, where, and how much"
+order: 3
+parentId: ko-essentials
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - questions
+  - basics
+  - vocabulary
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites: [korean-essentials-lesson-02]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-03-what
+      description: "Ask and answer 뭐예요? (what is it?) questions"
+      skill: pattern-recognition
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-03-where
+      description: "Ask and answer 어디예요? (where is it?) questions"
+      skill: word-recognition
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-03-howmuch
+      description: "Ask about prices using 얼마예요? and understand responses"
+      skill: situational-response
+---
+
+# Lesson 3 — Basic Questions (기본 질문)
+
+## Introduction
+
+Three questions will serve you constantly in Korea:
+1. **뭐예요?** (mwo-ye-yo?) — What is it?
+2. **어디예요?** (eo-di-ye-yo?) — Where is it?
+3. **얼마예요?** (eol-ma-ye-yo?) — How much is it?
+
+Master these three patterns and you can navigate most daily situations.
+
+## Question Words
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-question-words" title="Korean Question Words (의문사)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-mwo" word="뭐 / 무엇" pronunciation="mwo / mu-eot" meaning="what (뭐 is casual, 무엇 is formal)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-eodi" word="어디" pronunciation="eo-di" meaning="where"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-eolma" word="얼마" pronunciation="eol-ma" meaning="how much"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-myeot" word="몇" pronunciation="myeot" meaning="how many / what number"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-eonje" word="언제" pronunciation="eon-je" meaning="when"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-wae" word="왜" pronunciation="wae" meaning="why"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-eotteo" word="어떻게" pronunciation="eo-tteo-ke" meaning="how"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-nugu" word="누구" pronunciation="nu-gu" meaning="who"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pattern 1: 뭐예요? (What is it?)
+
+**Structure:** [Noun] + 이/가 + 뭐예요?
+
+Or simply attach 이/가 to ask "What is [noun]?":
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 이게 뭐예요? | i-ge mwo-ye-yo? | What is this? |
+| 저게 뭐예요? | jeo-ge mwo-ye-yo? | What is that (over there)? |
+| 이름이 뭐예요? | i-reum-i mwo-ye-yo? | What is the name? |
+| 직업이 뭐예요? | ji-geo-bi mwo-ye-yo? | What is your job? |
+
+**Answers use [noun] + 이에요/예요:**
+- 사과예요 (sa-gwa-ye-yo) — It is an apple
+- 커피예요 (keo-pi-ye-yo) — It is coffee
+
+## Pattern 2: 어디예요? (Where is it?)
+
+**Structure:** [Place/Person] + 이/가 + 어디예요?
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 화장실이 어디예요? | hwa-jang-si-ri eo-di-ye-yo? | Where is the bathroom? |
+| 지하철역이 어디예요? | ji-ha-cheol-lyeo-gi eo-di-ye-yo? | Where is the subway station? |
+| 편의점이 어디예요? | pyeon-ui-jeo-mi eo-di-ye-yo? | Where is the convenience store? |
+| 어디에 있어요? | eo-di-e it-seo-yo? | Where is it? (literally: where does it exist?) |
+
+**Essential location vocabulary:**
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-locations" title="Common Locations (장소)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-hwajangsil" word="화장실" pronunciation="hwa-jang-sil" meaning="bathroom / restroom / toilet"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-jihacheol" word="지하철역" pronunciation="ji-ha-cheol-yeok" meaning="subway station"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-pyeonuijeom" word="편의점" pronunciation="pyeon-ui-jeom" meaning="convenience store"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-sikdang" word="식당" pronunciation="sik-dang" meaning="restaurant"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-hotel" word="호텔" pronunciation="ho-tel" meaning="hotel"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-loc-gongbang" word="공항" pronunciation="gong-hang" meaning="airport"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pattern 3: 얼마예요? (How much is it?)
+
+**Structure:** [Item] + 이/가 + 얼마예요?
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 이거 얼마예요? | i-geo eol-ma-ye-yo? | How much is this? |
+| 이 가방 얼마예요? | i ga-bang eol-ma-ye-yo? | How much is this bag? |
+| 합계가 얼마예요? | hap-gye-ga eol-ma-ye-yo? | What is the total? |
+
+**Sample answer:**
+- 오천 원이에요. (o-cheon wo-ni-e-yo.) — It is 5,000 won.
+- 만오천 원입니다. (man-o-cheon wo-nim-ni-da.) — It is 15,000 won.
+
+## This/That/That Over There
+
+Korean has a three-way demonstrative system:
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 이것 / 이거 | i-geot / i-geo | this (close to speaker) |
+| 그것 / 그거 | geu-geot / geu-geo | that (close to listener) |
+| 저것 / 저거 | jeo-geot / jeo-geo | that over there (far from both) |
+
+**In questions:**
+- 이게 뭐예요? = What is this?
+- 저게 얼마예요? = How much is that over there?
+
+## Useful Filler Responses
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-filler-responses" title="Useful Short Responses"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-ne" word="네" pronunciation="ne" meaning="yes"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-aniyo" word="아니요" pronunciation="a-ni-yo" meaning="no"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-mollayo" word="몰라요" pronunciation="mol-la-yo" meaning="I don't know"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-isseoyo" word="있어요" pronunciation="it-seo-yo" meaning="There is / I have"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-eopseoyo" word="없어요" pronunciation="eop-seo-yo" meaning="There is not / I don't have"}
+
+:::
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **뭐예요 = all-purpose "what"**: Use 이게/저게 뭐예요? to point and ask
+2. **어디예요 vs 어디에 있어요?**: Both ask "where?" — 있어요 version is slightly more natural for locations
+3. **얼마예요 = how much**: Essential for shopping, always polite
+4. **이/그/저**: Three levels of "this/that" based on distance from speaker/listener
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-03-what" type="fill-in-blank" title="Ask What It Is" skill="pattern-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-03-what"}
+
+**Question:** How do you ask about each item?
+
+1. Pointing at an unknown food item
+2. Asking what someone's name is
+3. Asking what someone's job is
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 이게 뭐예요? (i-ge mwo-ye-yo? — What is this?)
+2. 이름이 뭐예요? (i-reum-i mwo-ye-yo? — What is your name?)
+3. 직업이 뭐예요? (ji-geo-bi mwo-ye-yo? — What is your job?)
+
+**Explanation:** 이게 (this) combines 이것 + 이 (subject particle). The pattern [Noun]+이/가+뭐예요? works for any "what is...?" question.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-03-where" type="fill-in-blank" title="Ask Where Places Are" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-03-where"}
+
+**Question:** How do you ask where these places are?
+
+1. The bathroom
+2. The subway station
+3. The hotel
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 화장실이 어디예요? (hwa-jang-si-ri eo-di-ye-yo?)
+2. 지하철역이 어디예요? (ji-ha-cheol-lyeo-gi eo-di-ye-yo?)
+3. 호텔이 어디예요? (ho-te-ri eo-di-ye-yo?)
+
+**Explanation:** Add 이 (subject particle after consonant) to each place name, then ask 어디예요? The particle 이 links the noun to the question. 지하철역 → 지하철역이 (consonant ending → 이).
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-03-howmuch" type="fill-in-blank" title="Shopping Interactions" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-03-howmuch"}
+
+**Question:** You are at a market. How do you ask about and confirm these prices?
+
+1. Ask the price of a shirt
+2. Ask the total price
+3. Confirm that the price is 25,000 won
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 이 셔츠 얼마예요? (i syeo-cheu eol-ma-ye-yo? — How much is this shirt?)
+2. 합계가 얼마예요? (hap-gye-ga eol-ma-ye-yo? — What is the total?)
+3. 이만오천 원이에요. (i-man-o-cheon wo-ni-e-yo. — It is 25,000 won.)
+
+**Explanation:** 이 before a noun = "this." 얼마예요? = how much? To state the price, add 이에요 after the amount. 25,000 in Korean is 이만오천 (2×만 + 5×천).
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 4, you will learn the vocabulary and phrases for shopping and ordering food — practical Korean for everyday use.

package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-04.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: korean-essentials-lesson-04
+title: "Lesson 4 — Shopping & Ordering (주세요, 얼마예요?, 이거/저거)"
+description: "Learn essential Korean phrases for shopping, ordering food, and making requests"
+order: 4
+parentId: ko-essentials
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - shopping
+  - ordering
+  - requests
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites: [korean-essentials-lesson-03]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-04-request
+      description: "Make requests using 주세요 and related patterns"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-04-order
+      description: "Order food and drinks at a restaurant or café"
+      skill: situational-response
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-04-bargain
+      description: "Ask about prices and negotiate at markets"
+      skill: dialogue-comprehension
+---
+
+# Lesson 4 — Shopping & Ordering (쇼핑과 주문)
+
+## Introduction
+
+Two essential phrases will serve you in almost every commercial interaction in Korea:
+
+1. **주세요** (ju-se-yo) — "Please give me" / "Please"
+2. **얼마예요?** (eol-ma-ye-yo?) — "How much is it?"
+
+Combined with demonstratives (이거/저거) and quantity words, these two phrases let you shop and order anywhere.
+
+## The Magic Word: 주세요
+
+주세요 comes from 주다 (ju-da) = "to give." Adding -세요 makes it polite.
+
+**Pattern:** [Item] + 주세요
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 이거 주세요. | i-geo ju-se-yo | Please give me this. |
+| 물 주세요. | mul ju-se-yo | Water, please. |
+| 메뉴 주세요. | me-nyu ju-se-yo | Menu, please. |
+| 영수증 주세요. | yeong-su-jeung ju-se-yo | Receipt, please. |
+| 조금 더 주세요. | jo-geum deo ju-se-yo | Please give me a little more. |
+
+## Ordering at a Restaurant or Café
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-ordering" title="Ordering Vocabulary"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-menu" word="메뉴" pronunciation="me-nyu" meaning="menu"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-jumunssi" word="주문하다" pronunciation="ju-mun-ha-da" meaning="to order"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-ibungyo" word="이분이요" pronunciation="i-bun-i-yo" meaning="two people (when asked party size at restaurant)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-yeogi" word="여기요!" pronunciation="yeo-gi-yo!" meaning="Excuse me! (to call a server)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-gyesan" word="계산해 주세요" pronunciation="gye-san-hae ju-se-yo" meaning="The bill, please"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-siksa" word="맛있어요" pronunciation="ma-sit-seo-yo" meaning="It is delicious"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-order-deolum" word="포장해 주세요" pronunciation="po-jang-hae ju-se-yo" meaning="To go, please / Please wrap it up"}
+
+:::
+
+## Shopping Vocabulary
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-shopping" title="Shopping Vocabulary"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-igeo" word="이거" pronunciation="i-geo" meaning="this (item close to me)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-geugeo" word="그거" pronunciation="geu-geo" meaning="that (item close to you)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-jeogeo" word="저거" pronunciation="jeo-geo" meaning="that over there"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-jogeun" word="작은 것" pronunciation="ja-geun geot" meaning="smaller one"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-keun" word="큰 것" pronunciation="keun geot" meaning="bigger one"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-igeon" word="이건 얼마예요?" pronunciation="i-geon eol-ma-ye-yo?" meaning="How much is this?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-kkakka" word="깎아 주세요" pronunciation="kka-kka ju-se-yo" meaning="Please give me a discount"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-shop-hwagin" word="카드 돼요?" pronunciation="ka-deu dwae-yo?" meaning="Can I pay by card?"}
+
+:::
+
+## Typical Restaurant Interaction
+
+**Entering:**
+> Customer: 두 명이요. (Du myeong-i-yo. — Two people.)
+> Server: 이쪽으로 오세요. (I-jjo-geu-ro o-se-yo. — Please come this way.)
+
+**Ordering:**
+> Customer: 여기요! 메뉴 주세요. (Yeo-gi-yo! Me-nyu ju-se-yo. — Excuse me! Menu, please.)
+> [after looking at menu]
+> Customer: 비빔밥 두 개 주세요. (Bi-bim-bap du gae ju-se-yo. — Two bibimbap, please.)
+> Server: 네, 알겠습니다. (Ne, al-get-sum-ni-da. — Yes, understood.)
+
+**Paying:**
+> Customer: 계산해 주세요. (Gye-san-hae ju-se-yo. — Bill, please.)
+> Server: 오만 원입니다. (O-man wo-nim-ni-da. — That is 50,000 won.)
+> Customer: 카드 돼요? (Ka-deu dwae-yo? — Can I pay by card?)
+> Server: 네, 됩니다. (Ne, doem-ni-da. — Yes, that's fine.)
+
+## Typical Market Shopping Interaction
+
+**Asking price:**
+> Customer: 이거 얼마예요? (I-geo eol-ma-ye-yo? — How much is this?)
+> Vendor: 오천 원이에요. (O-cheon wo-ni-e-yo. — It is 5,000 won.)
+
+**Requesting discount:**
+> Customer: 좀 깎아 주세요. (Jom kka-kka ju-se-yo. — Please give me a little discount.)
+> Vendor: 사천오백 원에 드릴게요. (Sa-cheon-o-baek wo-ne deu-ril-ge-yo. — I'll give it to you for 4,500 won.)
+
+**Buying:**
+> Customer: 이거 두 개 주세요. (I-geo du gae ju-se-yo. — Two of these, please.)
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **주세요 = please give me**: Attach any noun before it to request that item
+2. **여기요!** = "Excuse me!": Call restaurant staff — never snap your fingers
+3. **카드 돼요?** = "Card OK?": Always useful to confirm payment method
+4. **좀** (jom) = "a little": Softens requests — 좀 주세요 sounds more polite than just 주세요
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-04-request" type="fill-in-blank" title="Make Requests with 주세요" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-04-request"}
+
+**Question:** How do you make these requests in Korean?
+
+1. Please give me water.
+2. Please give me this.
+3. The bill, please.
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 물 주세요. (mul ju-se-yo)
+2. 이거 주세요. (i-geo ju-se-yo)
+3. 계산해 주세요. (gye-san-hae ju-se-yo)
+
+**Explanation:** 주세요 is the Swiss army knife of Korean requests. 물 (water) + 주세요 = water please. 이거 (this) + 주세요 = this please. 계산하다 (to calculate/pay) + -해 주세요 = please do the payment.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-04-order" type="fill-in-blank" title="Order at a Café" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-04-order"}
+
+**Question:** You are at a Korean café. Order two iced Americanos and ask for the bill.
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 여기요! (Yeo-gi-yo! — Excuse me!)
+2. 아이스 아메리카노 두 잔 주세요. (A-i-seu a-me-ri-ka-no du jan ju-se-yo. — Two iced Americanos, please.)
+3. 계산해 주세요. (Gye-san-hae ju-se-yo. — Bill, please.)
+
+**Explanation:** 아이스 = iced; 아메리카노 = Americano; 두 잔 = two cups (native number + 잔 counter). Calling the server: 여기요 (literally "here!") is the standard way to get a server's attention in Korea.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-04-bargain" type="multiple-choice" title="Market Interaction" skill="dialogue-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-04-bargain"}
+
+**Question:** The vendor says 만 원이에요 (man wo-ni-e-yo). What does this mean and how do you respond if you want a discount?
+
+**Options:**
+- It means 100 won; say 비싸요
+- It means 10,000 won; say 좀 깎아 주세요
+- It means 1,000 won; say 주세요
+- It means 100,000 won; say 너무 비싸요
+
+**Answer:** 2
+
+**Explanation:** 만 (man) = 10,000, so 만 원 = 10,000 won. To ask for a discount, say 좀 깎아 주세요 (jom kka-kka ju-se-yo). 깎다 (kka-kda) means "to cut/reduce." 너무 비싸요 (neo-mu bi-ssa-yo) = "too expensive" — useful if the price is really high.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 5, you will learn how to ask for and follow directions in Korean.

package/src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-05.mdx

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+---
+type: lesson
+id: korean-essentials-lesson-05
+title: "Lesson 5 — Directions (왼쪽, 오른쪽, 직진, 어디)"
+description: "Learn Korean vocabulary for asking and giving directions"
+order: 5
+parentId: ko-essentials
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - directions
+  - navigation
+  - vocabulary
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites: [korean-essentials-lesson-04]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-05-directions
+      description: "Use directional vocabulary: left, right, straight, turn"
+      skill: word-recognition
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-05-ask
+      description: "Ask how to get to a location"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-ko-ess-05-follow
+      description: "Understand simple direction instructions"
+      skill: dialogue-comprehension
+---
+
+# Lesson 5 — Directions (길 안내)
+
+## Introduction
+
+Korea has excellent public transport, but you will still need to ask for directions from time to time. This lesson equips you with the vocabulary to ask where places are and understand the responses.
+
+Key phrase to remember:
+> **[Place]까지 어떻게 가요?** ([Place]-kka-ji eo-tteo-ke ga-yo?)
+> "How do I get to [place]?"
+
+## Directional Vocabulary
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-directions" title="Direction Words (방향)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-left" word="왼쪽" pronunciation="oen-jjok" meaning="left / left side"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-right" word="오른쪽" pronunciation="o-reun-jjok" meaning="right / right side"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-straight" word="직진" pronunciation="jik-jin" meaning="straight ahead"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-back" word="뒤" pronunciation="dwi" meaning="behind / back"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-front" word="앞" pronunciation="ap" meaning="front / ahead"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-turn-left" word="왼쪽으로 가세요" pronunciation="oen-jjo-geu-ro ga-se-yo" meaning="Go to the left / Turn left"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-turn-right" word="오른쪽으로 가세요" pronunciation="o-reun-jjo-geu-ro ga-se-yo" meaning="Go to the right / Turn right"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dir-go-straight" word="직진하세요" pronunciation="jik-jin-ha-se-yo" meaning="Go straight"}
+
+:::
+
+## Distance and Landmarks
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ko-distance" title="Distance and Landmarks"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dist-apat" word="가깝다" pronunciation="ga-kkap-da" meaning="close / nearby (것 form: 가까워요)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dist-meouda" word="멀다" pronunciation="meol-da" meaning="far (polite: 멀어요)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dist-geogi" word="거기서" pronunciation="geo-gi-seo" meaning="from there"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dist-eolma" word="얼마나 걸려요?" pronunciation="eol-ma-na geol-lyeo-yo?" meaning="How long does it take?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-dist-bun" word="분 걸려요" pronunciation="bun geol-lyeo-yo" meaning="It takes [N] minutes"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-landmark-sageori" word="사거리" pronunciation="sa-geo-ri" meaning="intersection / crossroads"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-landmark-sinhoedung" word="신호등" pronunciation="sin-ho-deung" meaning="traffic light"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ko-landmark-ibgu" word="입구" pronunciation="ip-gu" meaning="entrance"}
+
+:::
+
+## Key Navigation Patterns
+
+### Asking for Directions
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 지하철역이 어디예요? | ji-ha-cheol-lyeo-gi eo-di-ye-yo? | Where is the subway station? |
+| 거기까지 어떻게 가요? | geo-gi-kka-ji eo-tteo-ke ga-yo? | How do I get there? |
+| 걸어서 갈 수 있어요? | geo-reo-seo gal su it-seo-yo? | Can I walk there? |
+| 지도에서 보여 주세요. | ji-do-e-seo bo-yeo ju-se-yo. | Please show me on the map. |
+
+### Understanding Directions
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 저기 보이는 건물 | jeo-gi bo-i-neun geon-mul | The building you can see over there |
+| 신호등에서 왼쪽으로 | sin-ho-deung-e-seo oen-jjo-geu-ro | Turn left at the traffic light |
+| 사거리에서 오른쪽으로 | sa-geo-ri-e-seo o-reun-jjo-geu-ro | Turn right at the intersection |
+| 약 10분 걸려요 | yak sip bun geol-lyeo-yo | It takes about 10 minutes |
+| 입구가 저쪽이에요 | ip-gu-ga jeo-jjo-gi-e-yo | The entrance is over that way |
+
+## Cardinal Directions
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| 북쪽 | buk-jjok | north |
+| 남쪽 | nam-jjok | south |
+| 동쪽 | dong-jjok | east |
+| 서쪽 | seo-jjok | west |
+
+## Sample Direction Conversation
+
+**You:** 실례합니다. 경복궁까지 어떻게 가요?
+(Sil-lye-ham-ni-da. Gyeong-bok-gung-kka-ji eo-tteo-ke ga-yo? — Excuse me. How do I get to Gyeongbokgung Palace?)
+
+**Local:** 이 길로 직진하세요. 사거리에서 왼쪽으로 가세요. 오른쪽에 있어요.
+(I gil-lo jik-jin-ha-se-yo. Sa-geo-ri-e-seo oen-jjo-geu-ro ga-se-yo. O-reun-jjo-ge it-seo-yo.
+— Go straight on this road. Turn left at the intersection. It is on the right.)
+
+**You:** 얼마나 걸려요?
+(Eol-ma-na geol-lyeo-yo? — How long does it take?)
+
+**Local:** 걸어서 15분 걸려요.
+(Geo-reo-seo sip-o bun geol-lyeo-yo. — It takes 15 minutes on foot.)
+
+**You:** 감사합니다!
+(Gam-sa-ham-ni-da! — Thank you!)
+
+## Subway Navigation
+
+Korean subways have signage in Korean, English, Chinese, and Japanese. Still, it helps to know:
+
+| Korean | Romanization | Meaning |
+|--------|-------------|---------|
+| [호선] | [number]-ho-seon | Line [number] (e.g., 2호선 = Line 2) |
+| 방향 | bang-hyang | direction |
+| 환승 | hwan-seung | transfer (between lines) |
+| 출구 | chul-gu | exit |
+| [N]번 출구 | [N]-beon chul-gu | Exit number [N] |
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **왼쪽/오른쪽**: Left/right — memorize these immediately; they appear everywhere
+2. **직진 = go straight**: Literal meaning is "straight advance"
+3. **으로/로 = toward**: 왼쪽**으로** ga-se-yo = go **toward** the left
+4. **걸어서 = on foot**: 걸어서 10분 = 10 minutes walking
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-05-directions" type="matching" title="Match Direction Words" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-05-directions"}
+
+**Question:** Match each Korean direction word to its meaning
+
+- 왼쪽
+- 오른쪽
+- 직진
+- 앞
+- 뒤
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- 왼쪽 = left
+- 오른쪽 = right
+- 직진 = straight ahead
+- 앞 = front
+- 뒤 = back / behind
+
+**Explanation:** These five direction words are fundamental for navigation. 왼쪽 and 오른쪽 share the -쪽 suffix meaning "side/direction." 직진 is a Sino-Korean word: 직 (straight) + 진 (advance).
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-05-ask" type="fill-in-blank" title="Ask for Directions" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-05-ask"}
+
+**Question:** How do you ask these questions?
+
+1. Where is the subway station?
+2. How do I get to the hotel?
+3. How long does it take on foot?
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. 지하철역이 어디예요? (ji-ha-cheol-lyeo-gi eo-di-ye-yo?)
+2. 호텔까지 어떻게 가요? (ho-tel-kka-ji eo-tteo-ke ga-yo?)
+3. 걸어서 얼마나 걸려요? (geo-reo-seo eol-ma-na geol-lyeo-yo?)
+
+**Explanation:** 까지 (kka-ji) = "until/to" — attached to the destination. 어떻게 (eo-tteo-ke) = "how." 걸어서 (geo-reo-seo) = "by walking / on foot."
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ko-ess-05-follow" type="fill-in-blank" title="Follow the Directions" skill="dialogue-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-ko-ess-05-follow"}
+
+**Question:** A local gives you these directions: "직진하세요. 신호등에서 오른쪽으로 가세요. 왼쪽에 있어요."
+What do these directions mean in English?
+
+**Answer:**
+
+Go straight. At the traffic light, turn right. It is on the left.
+
+**Explanation:** Breaking it down: 직진하세요 = go straight; 신호등에서 = at the traffic light (에서 = at/from); 오른쪽으로 가세요 = go to the right (turn right); 왼쪽에 있어요 = it is on the left (에 있다 = exist at).
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 6, the final lesson of the Essentials syllabus, you will learn daily expressions for agreeing, declining, apologizing, and managing conversations — the little phrases that make you sound natural in Korean.