@syllst/ka 0.2.1 → 0.2.3

package/dist/lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js.map

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+{"version":3,"file":"lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-07.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-reading-lesson-07\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 7 — სათაურების კითხვა (News Headlines)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Reading and understanding short Georgian news-style headlines and text\\\"\\norder: 7\\nparentId: georgian-reading\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: B1\\ncategories:\\n  - reading\\n  - news\\n  - comprehension\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 35\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-reading-lesson-06\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-read-07-headline-decode\\n      description: \\\"Read Georgian news headlines and extract the main topic\\\"\\n      skill: text-decoding\\n    - id: obj-read-07-news-comprehension\\n      description: \\\"Understand the who, what, and where of simple news sentences\\\"\\n      skill: reading-comprehension\\n    - id: obj-read-07-news-vocab\\n      description: \\\"Recognize common vocabulary used in Georgian news contexts\\\"\\n      skill: word-recognition\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — News Headlines\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nNews headlines use compressed, direct language. They often omit articles and some grammatical markers to fit a topic into a short phrase. Reading Georgian news-style text is excellent practice because it introduces a wider vocabulary and more complex sentence patterns while remaining short enough to analyze fully.\\n\\n## News Vocabulary\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news\\\" title=\\\"News Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"siakhleebi\\\" word=\\\"სიახლეები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"si-a-khle-e-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"news\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"motkhrobis\\\" word=\\\"მოვლენები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mov-le-ne-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"events\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ambebi\\\" word=\\\"ამბები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"am-be-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"news / happenings (informal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamocxadeba\\\" word=\\\"გამოაცხადა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-mo-ats-kha-da\\\" meaning=\\\"announced (3rd person past)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamarjveba\\\" word=\\\"გამარჯვება\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-mar-jve-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"victory\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"shekhvedra\\\" word=\\\"შეხვედრა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"she-khved-ra\\\" meaning=\\\"meeting\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gaxsna\\\" word=\\\"გახსნა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-khsna\\\" meaning=\\\"opening (of an exhibition, event, etc.)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Reading Georgian Headlines\\n\\nHeadlines in Georgian typically follow a Subject-Object-Verb pattern or use nominalized verbs. Here are sample headlines with analysis:\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 1:** თბილისში ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა\\n\\n*(Tbilisshi akhali muzeu-mi ga-i-khsna)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- თბილისში = in Tbilisi\\n- ახალი = new\\n- მუზეუმი = museum\\n- გაიხსნა = opened (was opened)\\n\\n**Translation:** A new museum opened in Tbilisi\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 2:** ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა\\n\\n*(Kartuli nakre-bi ga-i-mar-jva)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- ქართული = Georgian (adjective)\\n- ნაკრები = national team\\n- გაიმარჯვა = won / was victorious\\n\\n**Translation:** The Georgian national team won\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 3:** საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში\\n\\n*(Sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so she-khved-ra Tbi-lis-shi)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- საერთაშორისო = international\\n- შეხვედრა = meeting\\n- თბილისში = in Tbilisi\\n\\n**Translation:** International meeting in Tbilisi\\n\\n---\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-headline-vocab\\\" title=\\\"Headline Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"muzeumiread\\\" word=\\\"მუზეუმი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mu-ze-u-mi\\\" meaning=\\\"museum\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"nakrebhi\\\" word=\\\"ნაკრები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"nak-re-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"national team / selection\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamarkjva\\\" word=\\\"გაიმარჯვა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-i-mar-jva\\\" meaning=\\\"won / was victorious\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"saertashor\\\" word=\\\"საერთაშორისო\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so\\\" meaning=\\\"international\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"akhali\\\" word=\\\"ახალი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"a-kha-li\\\" meaning=\\\"new\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Longer News Text\\n\\nRead the following short news passage:\\n\\n---\\n\\n**ახალი ამბები**\\n\\nთბილისში ახალი კულტურის ცენტრი გაიხსნა. ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში. ხელმძღვანელმა განაცხადა: \\\"ეს ისტორიული მომენტია ქართული კულტურისთვის.\\\"\\n\\n---\\n\\n**Translation:**\\n\\nNew Cultural Center Opens in Tbilisi. The center is located in the Old Town. The director announced: \\\"This is a historic moment for Georgian culture.\\\"\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-passage\\\" title=\\\"News Passage Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kulturis-centri\\\" word=\\\"კულტურის ცენტრი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"kul-tu-ris tsen-tri\\\" meaning=\\\"cultural center\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mdebareobs\\\" word=\\\"მდებარეობს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mde-ba-re-obs\\\" meaning=\\\"is located\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ganackhada\\\" word=\\\"განაცხადა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-na-tskha-da\\\" meaning=\\\"announced (formal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"istoriuli\\\" word=\\\"ისტორიული\\\" pronunciation=\\\"is-to-ri-u-li\\\" meaning=\\\"historic / historical\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kulturistvis\\\" word=\\\"კულტურისთვის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"kul-tu-ris-tvis\\\" meaning=\\\"for culture\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Cultural Note: Georgian Media\\n\\nGeorgia has a vibrant independent media landscape. Georgian-language news outlets include Rustavi 2, Imedi TV, and the Public Broadcaster (GPB). The news website **civil.ge** provides English-language coverage of Georgian affairs. Reading Georgian headlines is an excellent way to maintain your language skills while staying informed about Georgia's dynamic political and cultural scene.\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-headline-decode\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Decode the Headline\\\" skill=\\\"text-decoding\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-headline-decode\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Translate each headline into English\\n\\n1. ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა = The Georgian national team ___\\n2. ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა = A new museum ___\\n3. საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში = International ___ in Tbilisi\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. won\\n2. opened\\n3. meeting\\n\\n**Explanation:** ნაკრები = national team, გაიმარჯვა = won. მუზეუმი = museum, გაიხსნა = opened. შეხვედრა = meeting. These verb forms (past passive or intransitive past) are common in Georgian news reporting.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news-comprehension\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"News Comprehension\\\" skill=\\\"reading-comprehension\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-news-comprehension\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** According to the news passage, where is the new cultural center located?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- In a new district of Tbilisi\\n- In the Old Town\\n- Near the train station\\n- Outside the city\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** The passage states: ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში — \\\"The center is located in the Old Town.\\\" ძველი = old, ქალაქი = town/city, -ში = in. So ძველ ქალაქში = in the Old Town.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news-vocab\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"News Vocabulary\\\" skill=\\\"word-recognition\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-news-vocab\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match the Georgian news word to its English meaning\\n\\n- სიახლეები\\n- გაიხსნა\\n- ახალი\\n- საერთაშორისო\\n- მდებარეობს\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- სიახლეები → news\\n- გაიხსნა → opened / was opened\\n- ახალი → new\\n- საერთაშორისო → international\\n- მდებარეობს → is located\\n\\n**Explanation:** სიახლეები comes from სიახლე (novelty/new thing) — literally \\\"new things,\\\" hence \\\"news.\\\" საერთაშორისო is a compound: საერთო (common/shared) + შორის (between) + ო (suffix) = international.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn the final lesson of this syllabus, you will read short cultural texts about Georgian traditions — the richest and most rewarding reading challenge yet.\\n\""],"names":["lesson07"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}

package/dist/lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js

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+const n = `---
+type: lesson
+id: georgian-dialogue-lesson-07
+title: "გაკვეთილი 7 — სატელეფონო საუბარი (Phone Conversations)"
+description: "Phone-specific phrases, making appointments, and leaving messages in Georgian"
+order: 7
+parentId: georgian-dialogue
+difficulty: intermediate
+cefrLevel: A2
+categories:
+  - dialogue
+  - phone
+  - appointments
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites:
+    - georgian-dialogue-lesson-06
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-dia-07-phone-phrases
+      description: "Use standard phone opening and closing phrases in Georgian"
+      skill: situational-response
+    - id: obj-dia-07-appointments
+      description: "Make and confirm appointments over the phone"
+      skill: polite-register
+    - id: obj-dia-07-phone-comprehension
+      description: "Understand common phone conversation patterns"
+      skill: dialogue-comprehension
+---
+
+# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Phone Conversations
+
+## Introduction
+
+Phone conversations have their own set of conventions in Georgian. The language used on the phone is slightly more formal than face-to-face conversation, and there are specific phrases for answering, asking who is calling, and ending a call politely. Georgian phone culture values directness combined with politeness.
+
+## Phone Vocabulary
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-07-phone" title="Phone Vocabulary"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="telefoni" word="ტელეფონი" pronunciation="te-le-fo-ni" meaning="telephone / phone"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="zvera" word="ზარი" pronunciation="za-ri" meaning="call / ring"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="datsvera" word="დარეკვა" pronunciation="da-rek-va" meaning="to call (verb noun)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="mismena" word="ხმა" pronunciation="khma" meaning="voice / sound"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="nomeris" word="ნომერი" pronunciation="no-me-ri" meaning="number"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="mimisma" word="გამარჯობა, გისმენთ" pronunciation="ga-mar-jo-ba, gis-ment" meaning="Hello, I'm listening (standard phone answer)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="gvari" word="ვინ მელაპარაკება?" pronunciation="vin me-la-pa-ra-ke-ba" meaning="Who is speaking?"}
+
+:::
+
+## Making and Receiving Calls
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-07-calling" title="Call Phrases"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="me-vvar" word="მე ვარ..." pronunciation="me var" meaning="It is... (saying your name on a call)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sheizleba" word="შეიძლება...?" pronunciation="she-idz-le-ba" meaning="May I speak to...?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="datanet" word="ერთი წამი" pronunciation="er-ti tsa-mi" meaning="one moment / just a second"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="aq-ar-aris" word="აქ არ არის" pronunciation="aq ar a-ris" meaning="(They are) not here"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="dagirekvav" word="დაგირეკავ" pronunciation="da-gi-re-kav" meaning="I will call you back"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="mivutano" word="შეტყობინება" pronunciation="she-tyo-bi-ne-ba" meaning="message"}
+
+:::
+
+## Making an Appointment
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-dia-07-appointment" title="Appointments"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="shekhvedra" word="შეხვედრა" pronunciation="she-khved-ra" meaning="meeting / appointment"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="rodis" word="როდის?" pronunciation="ro-dis" meaning="When?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sad-khar" word="სად?" pronunciation="sad" meaning="Where?"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="saati" word="საათი" pronunciation="sa-a-ti" meaning="hour / time / o'clock"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="kviria" word="ხვალ" pronunciation="khval" meaning="tomorrow"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="dghes" word="დღეს" pronunciation="dghes" meaning="today"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="shevishrdebi" word="შევხვდებით" pronunciation="shev-khvde-bit" meaning="we will meet"}
+
+:::
+
+## Sample Conversation — Making an Appointment
+
+**[Phone rings]**
+
+**გოჩა** (Gocha): გამარჯობა, გისმენთ.
+(ga-mar-jo-ba, gis-ment.)
+*Hello, I am listening.*
+
+**ნინო** (Nino): გამარჯობა, გოჩა! მე ნინო ვარ.
+(ga-mar-jo-ba, go-cha! me ni-no var.)
+*Hello, Gocha! It is Nino.*
+
+**გოჩა**: ოჰ, ნინო! გამარჯობა. როგორ ხარ?
+(oh, ni-no! ga-mar-jo-ba. ro-gor khar?)
+*Oh, Nino! Hello. How are you?*
+
+**ნინო**: კარგად, გმადლობ. გეკითხები — ხვალ შეგვიძლია შევხვდეთ?
+(kar-gad, gma-dlob. ge-kit-khe-bi — khval sheg-vidz-li-a shev-khv-det?)
+*Fine, thanks. I am calling to ask — can we meet tomorrow?*
+
+**გოჩა**: ხვალ? დიახ, შეიძლება. რომელ საათზე?
+(khval? di-akh, she-idz-le-ba. ro-mel sa-at-ze?)
+*Tomorrow? Yes, it is possible. At what time?*
+
+**ნინო**: მეოთხე საათზე გამოდგება?
+(me-ot-khe sa-at-ze ga-mod-ge-ba?)
+*Would four o'clock work?*
+
+**გოჩა**: კი, კარგია. სად შევხვდეთ?
+(ki, kar-gi-a. sad shev-khv-det?)
+*Yes, that's good. Where shall we meet?*
+
+**ნინო**: კაფეში — ძველ ქალაქში.
+(ka-fe-shi — dzvel qa-laq-shi.)
+*At the café — in the Old Town.*
+
+**გოჩა**: კარგი, შევხვდებით. ნახვამდის!
+(kar-gi, shev-khvde-bit. nakh-vam-dis!)
+*Good, we will meet. Goodbye!*
+
+**ნინო**: ნახვამდის!
+(nakh-vam-dis!)
+*Goodbye!*
+
+## Leaving a Message
+
+If the person is not available:
+
+**Caller**: შეიძლება შეტყობინება დავტოვო?
+(she-idz-le-ba she-tyo-bi-ne-ba dav-to-vo?)
+*May I leave a message?*
+
+**Answerer**: კი, რა თქმა უნდა.
+(ki, ra tqma un-da.)
+*Yes, of course.*
+
+**Caller**: გთხოვთ, უთხარით ნინოს, რომ ლუკამ დარეკა.
+(g-tkhovt, ut-kha-rit ni-nos, rom lu-kam da-re-ka.)
+*Please tell Nino that Luka called.*
+
+## Cultural Note: Georgian Phone Etiquette
+
+Georgians tend to answer calls promptly and consider ignoring a call somewhat rude unless unavoidably busy. It is common to call back immediately if a call was missed. When answering formally, **გამარჯობა, გისმენთ** (Hello, I am listening) signals professionalism. In casual settings, simply გამარჯობა or the caller's name suffices.
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-dia-07-phone-answer" type="fill-in-blank" title="Answering the Phone" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-dia-07-phone-phrases"}
+
+**Question:** Fill in the standard phone phrases
+
+1. Formal phone greeting: გამარჯობა, ___
+2. Asking who is calling: ___ მელაპარაკება?
+3. Saying "just one moment": ___ წამი
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. გისმენთ
+2. ვინ
+3. ერთი
+
+**Explanation:** გამარჯობა, გისმენთ is the standard formal phone greeting meaning "Hello, I am listening." ვინ means "who." ერთი წამი means "one moment" — ერთი is one, წამი is moment/second.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-dia-07-appointment-vocab" type="matching" title="Appointment Vocabulary" skill="polite-register" objectiveId="obj-dia-07-appointments"}
+
+**Question:** Match each Georgian time/schedule word to its meaning
+
+- ხვალ
+- დღეს
+- საათი
+- შეხვედრა
+- შევხვდებით
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- ხვალ → tomorrow
+- დღეს → today
+- საათი → hour / time / o'clock
+- შეხვედრა → meeting / appointment
+- შევხვდებით → we will meet
+
+**Explanation:** These are the core time-and-meeting words for scheduling. შეხვედრა (meeting) comes from the verb შეხვედრა (to meet). შევხვდებით is the future form: "we will meet."
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-dia-07-comprehension-call" type="multiple-choice" title="Understanding a Phone Call" skill="dialogue-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-dia-07-phone-comprehension"}
+
+**Question:** The caller says: ხვალ მეოთხე საათზე გამოდგება? What are they asking?
+
+**Options:**
+- Are you free today at four o'clock?
+- Would tomorrow at four o'clock work?
+- Can we meet next week at four?
+- Is the meeting cancelled?
+
+**Answer:** 2
+
+**Explanation:** ხვალ = tomorrow, მეოთხე საათზე = at four o'clock (მე- prefix makes ordinal: fourth → four o'clock), გამოდგება = would it work / would it suit. Together: "Would tomorrow at four o'clock work?"
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 8, you will learn the essential phrases for emergency situations — seeking help, contacting a doctor, and communicating with police in Georgian.
+`;
+export {
+  n as default
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js.map

package/dist/lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js.map

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+{"version":3,"file":"lesson-07-DGrnNH3e.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/dialogue/lessons/lesson-07.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-dialogue-lesson-07\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 7 — სატელეფონო საუბარი (Phone Conversations)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Phone-specific phrases, making appointments, and leaving messages in Georgian\\\"\\norder: 7\\nparentId: georgian-dialogue\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n  - dialogue\\n  - phone\\n  - appointments\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 30\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-dialogue-lesson-06\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-dia-07-phone-phrases\\n      description: \\\"Use standard phone opening and closing phrases in Georgian\\\"\\n      skill: situational-response\\n    - id: obj-dia-07-appointments\\n      description: \\\"Make and confirm appointments over the phone\\\"\\n      skill: polite-register\\n    - id: obj-dia-07-phone-comprehension\\n      description: \\\"Understand common phone conversation patterns\\\"\\n      skill: dialogue-comprehension\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Phone Conversations\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nPhone conversations have their own set of conventions in Georgian. The language used on the phone is slightly more formal than face-to-face conversation, and there are specific phrases for answering, asking who is calling, and ending a call politely. Georgian phone culture values directness combined with politeness.\\n\\n## Phone Vocabulary\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-phone\\\" title=\\\"Phone Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"telefoni\\\" word=\\\"ტელეფონი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"te-le-fo-ni\\\" meaning=\\\"telephone / phone\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"zvera\\\" word=\\\"ზარი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"za-ri\\\" meaning=\\\"call / ring\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"datsvera\\\" word=\\\"დარეკვა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"da-rek-va\\\" meaning=\\\"to call (verb noun)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mismena\\\" word=\\\"ხმა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"khma\\\" meaning=\\\"voice / sound\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"nomeris\\\" word=\\\"ნომერი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"no-me-ri\\\" meaning=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mimisma\\\" word=\\\"გამარჯობა, გისმენთ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-mar-jo-ba, gis-ment\\\" meaning=\\\"Hello, I'm listening (standard phone answer)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gvari\\\" word=\\\"ვინ მელაპარაკება?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"vin me-la-pa-ra-ke-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"Who is speaking?\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Making and Receiving Calls\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-calling\\\" title=\\\"Call Phrases\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"me-vvar\\\" word=\\\"მე ვარ...\\\" pronunciation=\\\"me var\\\" meaning=\\\"It is... (saying your name on a call)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sheizleba\\\" word=\\\"შეიძლება...?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"she-idz-le-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"May I speak to...?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"datanet\\\" word=\\\"ერთი წამი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"er-ti tsa-mi\\\" meaning=\\\"one moment / just a second\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"aq-ar-aris\\\" word=\\\"აქ არ არის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"aq ar a-ris\\\" meaning=\\\"(They are) not here\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"dagirekvav\\\" word=\\\"დაგირეკავ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"da-gi-re-kav\\\" meaning=\\\"I will call you back\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mivutano\\\" word=\\\"შეტყობინება\\\" pronunciation=\\\"she-tyo-bi-ne-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"message\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Making an Appointment\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-appointment\\\" title=\\\"Appointments\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"shekhvedra\\\" word=\\\"შეხვედრა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"she-khved-ra\\\" meaning=\\\"meeting / appointment\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rodis\\\" word=\\\"როდის?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-dis\\\" meaning=\\\"When?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad-khar\\\" word=\\\"სად?\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sad\\\" meaning=\\\"Where?\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"saati\\\" word=\\\"საათი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-a-ti\\\" meaning=\\\"hour / time / o'clock\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kviria\\\" word=\\\"ხვალ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"khval\\\" meaning=\\\"tomorrow\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"dghes\\\" word=\\\"დღეს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"dghes\\\" meaning=\\\"today\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"shevishrdebi\\\" word=\\\"შევხვდებით\\\" pronunciation=\\\"shev-khvde-bit\\\" meaning=\\\"we will meet\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Sample Conversation — Making an Appointment\\n\\n**[Phone rings]**\\n\\n**გოჩა** (Gocha): გამარჯობა, გისმენთ.\\n(ga-mar-jo-ba, gis-ment.)\\n*Hello, I am listening.*\\n\\n**ნინო** (Nino): გამარჯობა, გოჩა! მე ნინო ვარ.\\n(ga-mar-jo-ba, go-cha! me ni-no var.)\\n*Hello, Gocha! It is Nino.*\\n\\n**გოჩა**: ოჰ, ნინო! გამარჯობა. როგორ ხარ?\\n(oh, ni-no! ga-mar-jo-ba. ro-gor khar?)\\n*Oh, Nino! Hello. How are you?*\\n\\n**ნინო**: კარგად, გმადლობ. გეკითხები — ხვალ შეგვიძლია შევხვდეთ?\\n(kar-gad, gma-dlob. ge-kit-khe-bi — khval sheg-vidz-li-a shev-khv-det?)\\n*Fine, thanks. I am calling to ask — can we meet tomorrow?*\\n\\n**გოჩა**: ხვალ? დიახ, შეიძლება. რომელ საათზე?\\n(khval? di-akh, she-idz-le-ba. ro-mel sa-at-ze?)\\n*Tomorrow? Yes, it is possible. At what time?*\\n\\n**ნინო**: მეოთხე საათზე გამოდგება?\\n(me-ot-khe sa-at-ze ga-mod-ge-ba?)\\n*Would four o'clock work?*\\n\\n**გოჩა**: კი, კარგია. სად შევხვდეთ?\\n(ki, kar-gi-a. sad shev-khv-det?)\\n*Yes, that's good. Where shall we meet?*\\n\\n**ნინო**: კაფეში — ძველ ქალაქში.\\n(ka-fe-shi — dzvel qa-laq-shi.)\\n*At the café — in the Old Town.*\\n\\n**გოჩა**: კარგი, შევხვდებით. ნახვამდის!\\n(kar-gi, shev-khvde-bit. nakh-vam-dis!)\\n*Good, we will meet. Goodbye!*\\n\\n**ნინო**: ნახვამდის!\\n(nakh-vam-dis!)\\n*Goodbye!*\\n\\n## Leaving a Message\\n\\nIf the person is not available:\\n\\n**Caller**: შეიძლება შეტყობინება დავტოვო?\\n(she-idz-le-ba she-tyo-bi-ne-ba dav-to-vo?)\\n*May I leave a message?*\\n\\n**Answerer**: კი, რა თქმა უნდა.\\n(ki, ra tqma un-da.)\\n*Yes, of course.*\\n\\n**Caller**: გთხოვთ, უთხარით ნინოს, რომ ლუკამ დარეკა.\\n(g-tkhovt, ut-kha-rit ni-nos, rom lu-kam da-re-ka.)\\n*Please tell Nino that Luka called.*\\n\\n## Cultural Note: Georgian Phone Etiquette\\n\\nGeorgians tend to answer calls promptly and consider ignoring a call somewhat rude unless unavoidably busy. It is common to call back immediately if a call was missed. When answering formally, **გამარჯობა, გისმენთ** (Hello, I am listening) signals professionalism. In casual settings, simply გამარჯობა or the caller's name suffices.\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-phone-answer\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Answering the Phone\\\" skill=\\\"situational-response\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-07-phone-phrases\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Fill in the standard phone phrases\\n\\n1. Formal phone greeting: გამარჯობა, ___\\n2. Asking who is calling: ___ მელაპარაკება?\\n3. Saying \\\"just one moment\\\": ___ წამი\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. გისმენთ\\n2. ვინ\\n3. ერთი\\n\\n**Explanation:** გამარჯობა, გისმენთ is the standard formal phone greeting meaning \\\"Hello, I am listening.\\\" ვინ means \\\"who.\\\" ერთი წამი means \\\"one moment\\\" — ერთი is one, წამი is moment/second.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-appointment-vocab\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Appointment Vocabulary\\\" skill=\\\"polite-register\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-07-appointments\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each Georgian time/schedule word to its meaning\\n\\n- ხვალ\\n- დღეს\\n- საათი\\n- შეხვედრა\\n- შევხვდებით\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ხვალ → tomorrow\\n- დღეს → today\\n- საათი → hour / time / o'clock\\n- შეხვედრა → meeting / appointment\\n- შევხვდებით → we will meet\\n\\n**Explanation:** These are the core time-and-meeting words for scheduling. შეხვედრა (meeting) comes from the verb შეხვედრა (to meet). შევხვდებით is the future form: \\\"we will meet.\\\"\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-dia-07-comprehension-call\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Understanding a Phone Call\\\" skill=\\\"dialogue-comprehension\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-dia-07-phone-comprehension\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** The caller says: ხვალ მეოთხე საათზე გამოდგება? What are they asking?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- Are you free today at four o'clock?\\n- Would tomorrow at four o'clock work?\\n- Can we meet next week at four?\\n- Is the meeting cancelled?\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** ხვალ = tomorrow, მეოთხე საათზე = at four o'clock (მე- prefix makes ordinal: fourth → four o'clock), გამოდგება = would it work / would it suit. Together: \\\"Would tomorrow at four o'clock work?\\\"\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 8, you will learn the essential phrases for emergency situations — seeking help, contacting a doctor, and communicating with police in Georgian.\\n\""],"names":["lesson07"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}

package/dist/lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js

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+const n = `---
+type: lesson
+id: georgian-grammar-lesson-07
+title: "გაკვეთილი 7 — კითხვები და უარყოფა (Questions and Negation)"
+description: "Forming questions with question words and negating sentences with არ and ვერ"
+order: 7
+parentId: georgian-grammar
+difficulty: intermediate
+cefrLevel: A2
+categories:
+  - grammar
+  - questions
+  - negation
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 30
+  prerequisites:
+    - georgian-grammar-lesson-06
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-07-questions-apply
+      description: "Form questions using Georgian question words"
+      skill: pattern-application
+    - id: obj-07-negation-produce
+      description: "Negate sentences correctly using არ and ვერ"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-07-questions-recognize
+      description: "Recognize question words and negative markers in sentences"
+      skill: pattern-recognition
+---
+
+# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Questions and Negation
+
+## Introduction
+
+Asking questions and forming negatives are fundamental communicative skills. Georgian handles both in straightforward ways — question words appear at or near the beginning of a sentence, and negation uses just one or two particles placed before the verb. Like French, Georgian yes/no questions are marked primarily by **intonation** rather than by rearranging words.
+
+## Question Words
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-gram-07-question-words" title="Georgian Question Words"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="vin" word="ვინ" pronunciation="vin" meaning="who"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ra" word="რა" pronunciation="ra" meaning="what"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="sad" word="სად" pronunciation="sad" meaning="where"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="rodis" word="როდის" pronunciation="ro-dis" meaning="when"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ratom" word="რატომ" pronunciation="ra-tom" meaning="why"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="rogort" word="როგორ" pronunciation="ro-gor" meaning="how"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ramden" word="რამდენი" pronunciation="ram-de-ni" meaning="how many / how much"}
+
+:::
+
+## Forming Questions with Question Words
+
+Question words typically appear at the **beginning** of the sentence, before the subject:
+
+| Georgian | Transliteration | Meaning |
+|----------|-----------------|---------|
+| ვინ ხარ? | vin khar? | Who are you? |
+| რა გქვია? | ra gkvia? | What is your name? (lit. what are you called?) |
+| სად ხარ? | sad khar? | Where are you? |
+| სად მიდი? | sad midi? | Where are you going? |
+| როდის მოდი? | rodis modi? | When are you coming? |
+| რატომ მოვიდი? | ratom movidi? | Why did you come? |
+| როგორ ხარ? | rogor khar? | How are you? |
+
+## Yes/No Questions
+
+Yes/no questions in Georgian use the same word order as statements, but with rising intonation — just like in French or English informal speech:
+
+| Statement | Question (rising intonation) |
+|-----------|------------------------------|
+| ის სტუდენტია. (She is a student.) | ის სტუდენტია? (Is she a student?) |
+| შენ ქართველი ხარ. (You are Georgian.) | შენ ქართველი ხარ? (Are you Georgian?) |
+
+There is no inversion or special particle required — intonation carries the question meaning.
+
+## Negation with არ
+
+The particle **არ** (ar) is placed directly before the verb to negate a statement:
+
+| Positive | Negative | Meaning |
+|----------|----------|---------|
+| ვსვამ | არ ვსვამ | I drink / I don't drink |
+| ვიცი | არ ვიცი | I know / I don't know |
+| მიდის | არ მიდის | He goes / He doesn't go |
+| ვარ | არ ვარ | I am / I am not |
+
+## Negation with ვერ
+
+The particle **ვერ** (ver) expresses **inability** — it negates by indicating that the subject cannot do something:
+
+| Georgian | Transliteration | Meaning |
+|----------|-----------------|---------|
+| ვერ ვსვამ | ver vsvam | I cannot drink |
+| ვერ ვხედავ | ver vkhedav | I cannot see |
+| ვერ მოდი | ver modi | You cannot come |
+| ვერ ვიტყვი | ver vitqvi | I cannot say |
+
+**Summary rule**: Use **არ** for "don't/doesn't" (unwillingness or simple negative). Use **ვერ** for "can't" (inability).
+
+## Common Negative Phrases
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-gram-07-negation" title="Common Negative Phrases"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ar-vitsi" word="არ ვიცი" pronunciation="ar vi-tsi" meaning="I don't know"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ar-mesgeba" word="არ მესმის" pronunciation="ar mes-mis" meaning="I don't understand"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ver-vxedav" word="ვერ ვხედავ" pronunciation="ver v-khe-dav" meaning="I can't see"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ar-minda" word="არ მინდა" pronunciation="ar min-da" meaning="I don't want"}
+
+:::
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-gram-07-questions-apply" type="fill-in-blank" title="Ask the Question" skill="pattern-application" objectiveId="obj-07-questions-apply"}
+
+**Question:** Fill in the correct question word
+
+1. ___ ხარ? (Where are you?)
+2. ___ ხარ? (Who are you?) — hint: asking for identity
+3. ___ მოდი? (When are you coming?)
+4. ___ ხარ? (How are you?)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. **სად** ხარ?
+2. **ვინ** ხარ?
+3. **როდის** მოდი?
+4. **როგორ** ხარ?
+
+**Explanation:** Question words appear at the start of the sentence. სად = where, ვინ = who, როდის = when, როგორ = how. The rest of the sentence stays in its normal word order.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-gram-07-negation-produce" type="fill-in-blank" title="Negate the Sentence" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-07-negation-produce"}
+
+**Question:** Negate each sentence using the correct particle (არ or ვერ)
+
+1. მე ვსვამ (I drink) → I don't drink
+2. ის მიდის (He goes) → He cannot go (inability)
+3. ჩვენ ვიცით (We know) → We don't know
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. მე **არ** ვსვამ
+2. ის **ვერ** მიდის
+3. ჩვენ **არ** ვიცით
+
+**Explanation:** Use **არ** for simple negation (do not). Use **ვერ** when expressing inability (cannot). Both particles go directly before the verb.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-gram-07-questions-recognize" type="multiple-choice" title="Which Question Word?" skill="pattern-recognition" objectiveId="obj-07-questions-recognize"}
+
+**Question:** The question **რატომ არ მოხვედი?** asks which of the following?
+
+**Options:**
+- Where did you not come?
+- When did you not come?
+- Why did you not come?
+- How did you not come?
+
+**Answer:** 3
+
+**Explanation:** **რატომ** means "why." The sentence რატომ არ მოხვედი? means "Why did you not come?" — რატომ (why) + არ (not) + მოხვედი (you came, aorist). The negation particle არ sits between the question word and the verb.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 8, you will study adjectives and how they work with nouns in Georgian — including the fact that Georgian has no grammatical gender.
+`;
+export {
+  n as default
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js.map

package/dist/lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"lesson-07-XGTm5Tp2.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/grammar/lessons/lesson-07.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-grammar-lesson-07\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 7 — კითხვები და უარყოფა (Questions and Negation)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Forming questions with question words and negating sentences with არ and ვერ\\\"\\norder: 7\\nparentId: georgian-grammar\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A2\\ncategories:\\n  - grammar\\n  - questions\\n  - negation\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 30\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-grammar-lesson-06\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-07-questions-apply\\n      description: \\\"Form questions using Georgian question words\\\"\\n      skill: pattern-application\\n    - id: obj-07-negation-produce\\n      description: \\\"Negate sentences correctly using არ and ვერ\\\"\\n      skill: word-production\\n    - id: obj-07-questions-recognize\\n      description: \\\"Recognize question words and negative markers in sentences\\\"\\n      skill: pattern-recognition\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Questions and Negation\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nAsking questions and forming negatives are fundamental communicative skills. Georgian handles both in straightforward ways — question words appear at or near the beginning of a sentence, and negation uses just one or two particles placed before the verb. Like French, Georgian yes/no questions are marked primarily by **intonation** rather than by rearranging words.\\n\\n## Question Words\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-gram-07-question-words\\\" title=\\\"Georgian Question Words\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"vin\\\" word=\\\"ვინ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"vin\\\" meaning=\\\"who\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ra\\\" word=\\\"რა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ra\\\" meaning=\\\"what\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"sad\\\" word=\\\"სად\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sad\\\" meaning=\\\"where\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rodis\\\" word=\\\"როდის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-dis\\\" meaning=\\\"when\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ratom\\\" word=\\\"რატომ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ra-tom\\\" meaning=\\\"why\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"rogort\\\" word=\\\"როგორ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ro-gor\\\" meaning=\\\"how\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ramden\\\" word=\\\"რამდენი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ram-de-ni\\\" meaning=\\\"how many / how much\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Forming Questions with Question Words\\n\\nQuestion words typically appear at the **beginning** of the sentence, before the subject:\\n\\n| Georgian | Transliteration | Meaning |\\n|----------|-----------------|---------|\\n| ვინ ხარ? | vin khar? | Who are you? |\\n| რა გქვია? | ra gkvia? | What is your name? (lit. what are you called?) |\\n| სად ხარ? | sad khar? | Where are you? |\\n| სად მიდი? | sad midi? | Where are you going? |\\n| როდის მოდი? | rodis modi? | When are you coming? |\\n| რატომ მოვიდი? | ratom movidi? | Why did you come? |\\n| როგორ ხარ? | rogor khar? | How are you? |\\n\\n## Yes/No Questions\\n\\nYes/no questions in Georgian use the same word order as statements, but with rising intonation — just like in French or English informal speech:\\n\\n| Statement | Question (rising intonation) |\\n|-----------|------------------------------|\\n| ის სტუდენტია. (She is a student.) | ის სტუდენტია? (Is she a student?) |\\n| შენ ქართველი ხარ. (You are Georgian.) | შენ ქართველი ხარ? (Are you Georgian?) |\\n\\nThere is no inversion or special particle required — intonation carries the question meaning.\\n\\n## Negation with არ\\n\\nThe particle **არ** (ar) is placed directly before the verb to negate a statement:\\n\\n| Positive | Negative | Meaning |\\n|----------|----------|---------|\\n| ვსვამ | არ ვსვამ | I drink / I don't drink |\\n| ვიცი | არ ვიცი | I know / I don't know |\\n| მიდის | არ მიდის | He goes / He doesn't go |\\n| ვარ | არ ვარ | I am / I am not |\\n\\n## Negation with ვერ\\n\\nThe particle **ვერ** (ver) expresses **inability** — it negates by indicating that the subject cannot do something:\\n\\n| Georgian | Transliteration | Meaning |\\n|----------|-----------------|---------|\\n| ვერ ვსვამ | ver vsvam | I cannot drink |\\n| ვერ ვხედავ | ver vkhedav | I cannot see |\\n| ვერ მოდი | ver modi | You cannot come |\\n| ვერ ვიტყვი | ver vitqvi | I cannot say |\\n\\n**Summary rule**: Use **არ** for \\\"don't/doesn't\\\" (unwillingness or simple negative). Use **ვერ** for \\\"can't\\\" (inability).\\n\\n## Common Negative Phrases\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-gram-07-negation\\\" title=\\\"Common Negative Phrases\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ar-vitsi\\\" word=\\\"არ ვიცი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ar vi-tsi\\\" meaning=\\\"I don't know\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ar-mesgeba\\\" word=\\\"არ მესმის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ar mes-mis\\\" meaning=\\\"I don't understand\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ver-vxedav\\\" word=\\\"ვერ ვხედავ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ver v-khe-dav\\\" meaning=\\\"I can't see\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ar-minda\\\" word=\\\"არ მინდა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ar min-da\\\" meaning=\\\"I don't want\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-07-questions-apply\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Ask the Question\\\" skill=\\\"pattern-application\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-07-questions-apply\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Fill in the correct question word\\n\\n1. ___ ხარ? (Where are you?)\\n2. ___ ხარ? (Who are you?) — hint: asking for identity\\n3. ___ მოდი? (When are you coming?)\\n4. ___ ხარ? (How are you?)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. **სად** ხარ?\\n2. **ვინ** ხარ?\\n3. **როდის** მოდი?\\n4. **როგორ** ხარ?\\n\\n**Explanation:** Question words appear at the start of the sentence. სად = where, ვინ = who, როდის = when, როგორ = how. The rest of the sentence stays in its normal word order.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-07-negation-produce\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Negate the Sentence\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-07-negation-produce\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Negate each sentence using the correct particle (არ or ვერ)\\n\\n1. მე ვსვამ (I drink) → I don't drink\\n2. ის მიდის (He goes) → He cannot go (inability)\\n3. ჩვენ ვიცით (We know) → We don't know\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. მე **არ** ვსვამ\\n2. ის **ვერ** მიდის\\n3. ჩვენ **არ** ვიცით\\n\\n**Explanation:** Use **არ** for simple negation (do not). Use **ვერ** when expressing inability (cannot). Both particles go directly before the verb.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-gram-07-questions-recognize\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Which Question Word?\\\" skill=\\\"pattern-recognition\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-07-questions-recognize\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** The question **რატომ არ მოხვედი?** asks which of the following?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- Where did you not come?\\n- When did you not come?\\n- Why did you not come?\\n- How did you not come?\\n\\n**Answer:** 3\\n\\n**Explanation:** **რატომ** means \\\"why.\\\" The sentence რატომ არ მოხვედი? means \\\"Why did you not come?\\\" — რატომ (why) + არ (not) + მოხვედი (you came, aorist). The negation particle არ sits between the question word and the verb.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 8, you will study adjectives and how they work with nouns in Georgian — including the fact that Georgian has no grammatical gender.\\n\""],"names":["lesson07"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}