@syllst/ka 0.2.0 → 0.2.1

package/dist/lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js

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+const n = `---
+type: lesson
+id: georgian-numbers-lesson-02
+title: "გაკვეთილი 2 — ათეულები და ოცეულები"
+description: "Counting 10-100: Georgian's unique vigesimal system"
+order: 2
+parentId: georgian-numbers
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - numbers
+  - counting
+  - grammar
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 25
+  prerequisites:
+    - georgian-numbers-lesson-01
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-count-10-20
+      description: "Count from 10 to 20 in Georgian"
+      skill: word-pronunciation
+      references: []
+    - id: obj-vigesimal-system
+      description: "Understand Georgian's vigesimal (base-20) counting system"
+      skill: pattern-recognition
+      references: []
+    - id: obj-build-tens
+      description: "Form numbers 20-100 using the vigesimal pattern"
+      skill: word-production
+      references: []
+---
+
+# გაკვეთილი 2 (Lesson 2) — Teens and Tens
+
+## Introduction
+
+Georgian has a fascinating counting system that differs from English. While English uses a base-10 system, Georgian traditionally uses a **vigesimal (base-20) system** for numbers above 20. This is similar to French (quatre-vingts for 80 = "four twenties") and the ancient Mayan system.
+
+Don't worry — it's more logical than it sounds once you understand the pattern!
+
+## The Teens (11-19)
+
+For numbers 11-19, Georgian follows a simple additive pattern:
+
+**Formula: 10 + [digit] = ათ + [number word]**
+
+But there's a twist: the words combine into single words with slight modifications.
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="georgian-numbers-11-19" title="Numbers 11-19"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-ten" word="ათი" transliteration="ati" translation="ten" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-eleven" word="თერთმეტი" transliteration="tertmeti" translation="eleven" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-twelve" word="თორმეტი" transliteration="tormeti" translation="twelve" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-thirteen" word="ცამეტი" transliteration="tsameti" translation="thirteen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-fourteen" word="თოთხმეტი" transliteration="totkhmetі" translation="fourteen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-fifteen" word="თხუთმეტი" transliteration="tkhutmeti" translation="fifteen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-sixteen" word="თექვსმეტი" transliteration="tekvsmeti" translation="sixteen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-seventeen" word="ჩვიდმეტი" transliteration="chvidmeti" translation="seventeen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-eighteen" word="თვრამეტი" transliteration="tvrameti" translation="eighteen" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-nineteen" word="ცხრამეტი" transliteration="tskhrameti" translation="nineteen" category="number"}
+
+:::
+
+## Breaking Down the Teens
+
+All numbers 11-19 end in **-მეტი** (meti), which comes from "ათი" (ten). The first part is a modified form of the base digit:
+
+| Number | Base | Modified Form | Full Word | Meaning |
+|--------|------|---------------|-----------|---------|
+| 11 | ერთი | თერთ- | თერთმეტი | "one-ten-ed" |
+| 12 | ორი | თორ- | თორმეტი | "two-ten-ed" |
+| 13 | სამი | ცა- | ცამეტი | "three-ten-ed" |
+| 14 | ოთხი | თოთხ- | თოთხმეტი | "four-ten-ed" |
+| 15 | ხუთი | თხუთ- | თხუთმეტი | "five-ten-ed" |
+| 16 | ექვსი | თექვს- | თექვსმეტი | "six-ten-ed" |
+| 17 | შვიდი | ჩვიდ- | ჩვიდმეტი | "seven-ten-ed" |
+| 18 | რვა | თვრა- | თვრამეტი | "eight-ten-ed" |
+| 19 | ცხრა | ცხრა- | ცხრამეტი | "nine-ten-ed" |
+
+## Twenty and the Vigesimal System
+
+Here's where Georgian gets unique:
+
+**20 = ოცი (otsi)**
+
+This is a special word, not derived from "two." From here, Georgian counts in twenties!
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="georgian-numbers-20-100" title="Key Numbers 20-100"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-twenty" word="ოცი" transliteration="otsi" translation="twenty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-thirty" word="ოცდაათი" transliteration="otsdaati" translation="thirty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-forty" word="ორმოცი" transliteration="ormotsi" translation="forty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-fifty" word="ორმოცდაათი" transliteration="ormotsdaati" translation="fifty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-sixty" word="სამოცი" transliteration="samotsi" translation="sixty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-seventy" word="სამოცდაათი" transliteration="samotsdaati" translation="seventy" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-eighty" word="ოთხმოცი" transliteration="otkhmotsi" translation="eighty" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-ninety" word="ოთხმოცდაათი" transliteration="otkhmotsaati" translation="ninety" category="number"}
+
+::vocab{id="num-hundred" word="ასი" transliteration="asi" translation="one hundred" category="number"}
+
+:::
+
+## The Vigesimal Pattern Explained
+
+Georgian counts by twenties using this logic:
+
+| Number | Literal Meaning | Georgian Word |
+|--------|----------------|---------------|
+| 20 | twenty | ოცი (otsi) |
+| 30 | twenty-and-ten | ოცდაათი (otsdaati) |
+| 40 | two-twenty | ორმოცი (ormotsi) |
+| 50 | two-twenty-and-ten | ორმოცდაათი (ormotsdaati) |
+| 60 | three-twenty | სამოცი (samotsi) |
+| 70 | three-twenty-and-ten | სამოცდაათი (samotsdaati) |
+| 80 | four-twenty | ოთხმოცი (otkhmotsi) |
+| 90 | four-twenty-and-ten | ოთხმოცდაათი (otkhmotsaati) |
+| 100 | hundred | ასი (asi) |
+
+**Key insight:** Notice the connector **-და-** (da) meaning "and" that appears in 30, 50, 70, 90.
+
+## Building Numbers 21-99
+
+To make any number in between:
+
+**Formula: [base] + და + [digit]**
+
+Examples:
+- 21 = ოცდაერთი (otsdaerti) = "twenty-and-one"
+- 25 = ოცდახუთი (otsdakhuti) = "twenty-and-five"
+- 37 = ოცდაჩვიდმეტი (otsdachvidmeti) = "thirty-and-seven" (note: 17 = ჩვიდმეტი)
+- 48 = ორმოცდარვა (ormosdarva) = "forty-and-eight"
+- 99 = ოთხმოცდაცხრამეტი (otkhmosdatskhrameti) = "ninety-and-nineteen"
+
+## Why Vigesimal?
+
+Many ancient cultures counted on both fingers and toes, creating base-20 systems:
+- **French**: 80 = quatre-vingts ("four twenties")
+- **Mayan**: Complete vigesimal system
+- **Georgian**: Preserved this ancient counting method
+
+Modern Georgian still uses this system in everyday speech!
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Teens end in -მეტი**: All numbers 11-19 follow this pattern
+2. **Twenty is special**: ოცი is the foundation of the vigesimal system
+3. **Count by twenties**: 40 = "two twenties," 60 = "three twenties," etc.
+4. **Use -და-**: Connector means "and" in compound numbers
+5. **Pattern is consistent**: Once you know it, it's logical and predictable
+
+## Common Numbers in Daily Life
+
+| Number | Georgian | Where You'll Use It |
+|--------|----------|---------------------|
+| 10 | ათი | Prices, quantities |
+| 15 | თხუთმეტი | Minutes (quarter hour) |
+| 20 | ოცი | Currency (20 lari bills) |
+| 30 | ოცდაათი | Ages, temperatures |
+| 50 | ორმოცდაათი | Prices, ages |
+| 100 | ასი | Prices, distances |
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-num-02-teens" type="matching" title="Match Teens" skill="word-recognition" tests="" objectiveId="obj-count-10-20"}
+
+**Question:** Match each number to its Georgian word
+
+- 11
+- 15
+- 17
+- 19
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- 11 = თერთმეტი (tertmeti)
+- 15 = თხუთმეტი (tkhutmeti)
+- 17 = ჩვიდმეტი (chvidmeti)
+- 19 = ცხრამეტი (tskhrameti)
+
+**Explanation:** All teen numbers end in -მეტი (meti), which relates to ათი (ten). The first part is a modified form of the base digit (1-9).
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-num-02-vigesimal" type="fill-in-blank" title="Vigesimal System" skill="pattern-recognition" tests="" objectiveId="obj-vigesimal-system"}
+
+**Question:** Complete the pattern:
+
+- 20 = ოცი (one twenty)
+- 40 = ___ (two twenties)
+- 60 = ___ (three twenties)
+- 80 = ___ (four twenties)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- 40 = ორმოცი (ormotsi) — ორ (two) + მოცი (twenty)
+- 60 = სამოცი (samotsi) — სა (three) + მოცი (twenty)
+- 80 = ოთხმოცი (otkhmotsi) — ოთხ (four) + მოცი (twenty)
+
+**Explanation:** Georgian uses a vigesimal (base-20) counting system. Numbers 40, 60, 80 are literally "two-twenty," "three-twenty," and "four-twenty."
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-num-02-building" type="multiple-choice" title="Building Numbers" skill="word-production" tests="" objectiveId="obj-build-tens"}
+
+**Question:** How would you say 35 in Georgian?
+
+**Options:**
+- ოცდათხუთმეტი
+- სამოცდახუთი
+- ოცდაათდახუთი
+- სამოცი
+
+**Answer:** 1
+
+**Explanation:** 35 = ოცდათხუთმეტი (otsdatkhutmeti). This breaks down as: ოცდაათი (30 = "twenty-and-ten") + და + ხუთი (5). In numbers above 20, you add the ones digit to the base using -და-.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 3, you'll learn practical applications of Georgian numbers: prices, phone numbers, and dates. You'll also practice real-world scenarios like shopping and giving your contact information.
+`;
+export {
+  n as default
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js.map

package/dist/lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js.map

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+{"version":3,"file":"lesson-02-CW2iIZWk.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/numbers/lessons/lesson-02.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-numbers-lesson-02\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 2 — ათეულები და ოცეულები\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Counting 10-100: Georgian's unique vigesimal system\\\"\\norder: 2\\nparentId: georgian-numbers\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - numbers\\n  - counting\\n  - grammar\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 25\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-numbers-lesson-01\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-count-10-20\\n      description: \\\"Count from 10 to 20 in Georgian\\\"\\n      skill: word-pronunciation\\n      references: []\\n    - id: obj-vigesimal-system\\n      description: \\\"Understand Georgian's vigesimal (base-20) counting system\\\"\\n      skill: pattern-recognition\\n      references: []\\n    - id: obj-build-tens\\n      description: \\\"Form numbers 20-100 using the vigesimal pattern\\\"\\n      skill: word-production\\n      references: []\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 2 (Lesson 2) — Teens and Tens\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian has a fascinating counting system that differs from English. While English uses a base-10 system, Georgian traditionally uses a **vigesimal (base-20) system** for numbers above 20. This is similar to French (quatre-vingts for 80 = \\\"four twenties\\\") and the ancient Mayan system.\\n\\nDon't worry — it's more logical than it sounds once you understand the pattern!\\n\\n## The Teens (11-19)\\n\\nFor numbers 11-19, Georgian follows a simple additive pattern:\\n\\n**Formula: 10 + [digit] = ათ + [number word]**\\n\\nBut there's a twist: the words combine into single words with slight modifications.\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"georgian-numbers-11-19\\\" title=\\\"Numbers 11-19\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-ten\\\" word=\\\"ათი\\\" transliteration=\\\"ati\\\" translation=\\\"ten\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-eleven\\\" word=\\\"თერთმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tertmeti\\\" translation=\\\"eleven\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-twelve\\\" word=\\\"თორმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tormeti\\\" translation=\\\"twelve\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-thirteen\\\" word=\\\"ცამეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tsameti\\\" translation=\\\"thirteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-fourteen\\\" word=\\\"თოთხმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"totkhmetі\\\" translation=\\\"fourteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-fifteen\\\" word=\\\"თხუთმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tkhutmeti\\\" translation=\\\"fifteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-sixteen\\\" word=\\\"თექვსმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tekvsmeti\\\" translation=\\\"sixteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-seventeen\\\" word=\\\"ჩვიდმეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"chvidmeti\\\" translation=\\\"seventeen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-eighteen\\\" word=\\\"თვრამეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tvrameti\\\" translation=\\\"eighteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-nineteen\\\" word=\\\"ცხრამეტი\\\" transliteration=\\\"tskhrameti\\\" translation=\\\"nineteen\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Breaking Down the Teens\\n\\nAll numbers 11-19 end in **-მეტი** (meti), which comes from \\\"ათი\\\" (ten). The first part is a modified form of the base digit:\\n\\n| Number | Base | Modified Form | Full Word | Meaning |\\n|--------|------|---------------|-----------|---------|\\n| 11 | ერთი | თერთ- | თერთმეტი | \\\"one-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 12 | ორი | თორ- | თორმეტი | \\\"two-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 13 | სამი | ცა- | ცამეტი | \\\"three-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 14 | ოთხი | თოთხ- | თოთხმეტი | \\\"four-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 15 | ხუთი | თხუთ- | თხუთმეტი | \\\"five-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 16 | ექვსი | თექვს- | თექვსმეტი | \\\"six-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 17 | შვიდი | ჩვიდ- | ჩვიდმეტი | \\\"seven-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 18 | რვა | თვრა- | თვრამეტი | \\\"eight-ten-ed\\\" |\\n| 19 | ცხრა | ცხრა- | ცხრამეტი | \\\"nine-ten-ed\\\" |\\n\\n## Twenty and the Vigesimal System\\n\\nHere's where Georgian gets unique:\\n\\n**20 = ოცი (otsi)**\\n\\nThis is a special word, not derived from \\\"two.\\\" From here, Georgian counts in twenties!\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"georgian-numbers-20-100\\\" title=\\\"Key Numbers 20-100\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-twenty\\\" word=\\\"ოცი\\\" transliteration=\\\"otsi\\\" translation=\\\"twenty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-thirty\\\" word=\\\"ოცდაათი\\\" transliteration=\\\"otsdaati\\\" translation=\\\"thirty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-forty\\\" word=\\\"ორმოცი\\\" transliteration=\\\"ormotsi\\\" translation=\\\"forty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-fifty\\\" word=\\\"ორმოცდაათი\\\" transliteration=\\\"ormotsdaati\\\" translation=\\\"fifty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-sixty\\\" word=\\\"სამოცი\\\" transliteration=\\\"samotsi\\\" translation=\\\"sixty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-seventy\\\" word=\\\"სამოცდაათი\\\" transliteration=\\\"samotsdaati\\\" translation=\\\"seventy\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-eighty\\\" word=\\\"ოთხმოცი\\\" transliteration=\\\"otkhmotsi\\\" translation=\\\"eighty\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-ninety\\\" word=\\\"ოთხმოცდაათი\\\" transliteration=\\\"otkhmotsaati\\\" translation=\\\"ninety\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab{id=\\\"num-hundred\\\" word=\\\"ასი\\\" transliteration=\\\"asi\\\" translation=\\\"one hundred\\\" category=\\\"number\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## The Vigesimal Pattern Explained\\n\\nGeorgian counts by twenties using this logic:\\n\\n| Number | Literal Meaning | Georgian Word |\\n|--------|----------------|---------------|\\n| 20 | twenty | ოცი (otsi) |\\n| 30 | twenty-and-ten | ოცდაათი (otsdaati) |\\n| 40 | two-twenty | ორმოცი (ormotsi) |\\n| 50 | two-twenty-and-ten | ორმოცდაათი (ormotsdaati) |\\n| 60 | three-twenty | სამოცი (samotsi) |\\n| 70 | three-twenty-and-ten | სამოცდაათი (samotsdaati) |\\n| 80 | four-twenty | ოთხმოცი (otkhmotsi) |\\n| 90 | four-twenty-and-ten | ოთხმოცდაათი (otkhmotsaati) |\\n| 100 | hundred | ასი (asi) |\\n\\n**Key insight:** Notice the connector **-და-** (da) meaning \\\"and\\\" that appears in 30, 50, 70, 90.\\n\\n## Building Numbers 21-99\\n\\nTo make any number in between:\\n\\n**Formula: [base] + და + [digit]**\\n\\nExamples:\\n- 21 = ოცდაერთი (otsdaerti) = \\\"twenty-and-one\\\"\\n- 25 = ოცდახუთი (otsdakhuti) = \\\"twenty-and-five\\\"\\n- 37 = ოცდაჩვიდმეტი (otsdachvidmeti) = \\\"thirty-and-seven\\\" (note: 17 = ჩვიდმეტი)\\n- 48 = ორმოცდარვა (ormosdarva) = \\\"forty-and-eight\\\"\\n- 99 = ოთხმოცდაცხრამეტი (otkhmosdatskhrameti) = \\\"ninety-and-nineteen\\\"\\n\\n## Why Vigesimal?\\n\\nMany ancient cultures counted on both fingers and toes, creating base-20 systems:\\n- **French**: 80 = quatre-vingts (\\\"four twenties\\\")\\n- **Mayan**: Complete vigesimal system\\n- **Georgian**: Preserved this ancient counting method\\n\\nModern Georgian still uses this system in everyday speech!\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **Teens end in -მეტი**: All numbers 11-19 follow this pattern\\n2. **Twenty is special**: ოცი is the foundation of the vigesimal system\\n3. **Count by twenties**: 40 = \\\"two twenties,\\\" 60 = \\\"three twenties,\\\" etc.\\n4. **Use -და-**: Connector means \\\"and\\\" in compound numbers\\n5. **Pattern is consistent**: Once you know it, it's logical and predictable\\n\\n## Common Numbers in Daily Life\\n\\n| Number | Georgian | Where You'll Use It |\\n|--------|----------|---------------------|\\n| 10 | ათი | Prices, quantities |\\n| 15 | თხუთმეტი | Minutes (quarter hour) |\\n| 20 | ოცი | Currency (20 lari bills) |\\n| 30 | ოცდაათი | Ages, temperatures |\\n| 50 | ორმოცდაათი | Prices, ages |\\n| 100 | ასი | Prices, distances |\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-num-02-teens\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Match Teens\\\" skill=\\\"word-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-count-10-20\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each number to its Georgian word\\n\\n- 11\\n- 15\\n- 17\\n- 19\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- 11 = თერთმეტი (tertmeti)\\n- 15 = თხუთმეტი (tkhutmeti)\\n- 17 = ჩვიდმეტი (chvidmeti)\\n- 19 = ცხრამეტი (tskhrameti)\\n\\n**Explanation:** All teen numbers end in -მეტი (meti), which relates to ათი (ten). The first part is a modified form of the base digit (1-9).\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-num-02-vigesimal\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Vigesimal System\\\" skill=\\\"pattern-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-vigesimal-system\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Complete the pattern:\\n\\n- 20 = ოცი (one twenty)\\n- 40 = ___ (two twenties)\\n- 60 = ___ (three twenties)\\n- 80 = ___ (four twenties)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- 40 = ორმოცი (ormotsi) — ორ (two) + მოცი (twenty)\\n- 60 = სამოცი (samotsi) — სა (three) + მოცი (twenty)\\n- 80 = ოთხმოცი (otkhmotsi) — ოთხ (four) + მოცი (twenty)\\n\\n**Explanation:** Georgian uses a vigesimal (base-20) counting system. Numbers 40, 60, 80 are literally \\\"two-twenty,\\\" \\\"three-twenty,\\\" and \\\"four-twenty.\\\"\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-num-02-building\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Building Numbers\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" tests=\\\"\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-build-tens\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** How would you say 35 in Georgian?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- ოცდათხუთმეტი\\n- სამოცდახუთი\\n- ოცდაათდახუთი\\n- სამოცი\\n\\n**Answer:** 1\\n\\n**Explanation:** 35 = ოცდათხუთმეტი (otsdatkhutmeti). This breaks down as: ოცდაათი (30 = \\\"twenty-and-ten\\\") + და + ხუთი (5). In numbers above 20, you add the ones digit to the base using -და-.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 3, you'll learn practical applications of Georgian numbers: prices, phone numbers, and dates. 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package/dist/lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+const n = `---
+type: lesson
+id: georgian-essentials-lesson-02
+title: "გაკვეთილი 2 — თავაზიანი გამოთქმები"
+description: "Polite Expressions: Please, thank you, and sorry in Georgian"
+order: 2
+parentId: georgian-essentials
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - politeness
+  - expressions
+  - basics
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 25
+  prerequisites:
+    - georgian-essentials-lesson-01
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-polite-thank-you
+      description: "Express thanks appropriately in Georgian"
+      skill: word-production
+    - id: obj-polite-sorry-excuse
+      description: "Apologize and get attention politely"
+      skill: polite-register
+    - id: obj-polite-please
+      description: "Use please and make polite requests"
+      skill: polite-register
+    - id: obj-polite-respond-thanks
+      description: "Respond when someone thanks you"
+      skill: situational-response
+---
+
+# გაკვეთილი 2 (Lesson 2) — Polite Expressions
+
+## Introduction
+
+Politeness in Georgian is expressed through specific words and through the structure of requests. Unlike Thai or Japanese, Georgian does not have grammaticalized politeness particles — instead, you choose specific vocabulary and verb forms. A few key words will take you a very long way.
+
+## Thank You
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-thanks" title="Expressing Thanks"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="madloba" word="მადლობა" pronunciation="mad-lo-ba" meaning="Thank you"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="didi-madloba" word="დიდი მადლობა" pronunciation="di-di mad-lo-ba" meaning="Thank you very much"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="gmadlobt" word="გმადლობთ" pronunciation="gma-dlobt" meaning="Thank you (formal/plural)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="madlobeli-var" word="მადლობელი ვარ" pronunciation="mad-lo-be-li var" meaning="I am grateful"}
+
+:::
+
+The word **მადლობა** comes from **მადლი** (madli), meaning "grace" or "blessing." Thanking someone in Georgian is literally wishing them grace.
+
+## Responding to Thanks
+
+| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |
+|----------|---------------|---------|
+| არაფერი | a-ra-fe-ri | You're welcome / It's nothing |
+| გთხოვთ | g-tkhovt | Please / You're welcome |
+| სიამოვნებით | si-a-mov-ne-bit | With pleasure |
+| რა თქმა უნდა | ra tkh-ma un-da | Of course |
+
+## Please and Requests
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-please" title="Please and Requests"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="gtkhovt" word="გთხოვთ" pronunciation="g-tkhovt" meaning="Please (formal) / I ask you"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="gtkhovs" word="გთხოვს" pronunciation="g-tkhovs" meaning="Please (informal, to one person)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="imit-gtkhov" word="ამის მომეცით" pronunciation="a-mis mo-me-tsit" meaning="Please give me this"}
+
+:::
+
+The word **გთხოვთ** comes from the verb **სთხოვა** (stkkhova), to ask or request. It is both "please" and "I ask of you."
+
+## Sorry and Excuse Me
+
+:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-sorry" title="Sorry and Excuse Me"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="bodishi" word="ბოდიში" pronunciation="bo-di-shi" meaning="Sorry / Excuse me"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="ukatsravad" word="უკაცრავად" pronunciation="u-kats-ra-vad" meaning="Excuse me (more formal)"}
+
+::vocab-item{id="mipatiet" word="მიპატიეთ" pronunciation="mi-pa-ti-et" meaning="Forgive me / I beg your pardon"}
+
+:::
+
+**ბოდიში** is the everyday word for both "sorry" and "excuse me." Use it to:
+- Apologize for a small mistake
+- Get someone's attention ("Excuse me...")
+- Pass by someone in a crowded space
+
+**უკაცრავად** is more formal and polished. Prefer it with strangers, elders, or in professional settings.
+
+## Common Polite Exchanges
+
+**Getting attention in a shop:**
+- ბოდიში, გთხოვთ... (Excuse me, please...)
+
+**Thanking someone:**
+- A: მადლობა! (Thank you!)
+- B: არაფერი! (You're welcome!)
+
+**More heartfelt thanks:**
+- A: დიდი მადლობა! (Thank you very much!)
+- B: სიამოვნებით! (With pleasure!)
+
+**Apologizing:**
+- ბოდიში, შეცდომა დავუშვი. (Sorry, I made a mistake.)
+- A: მიპატიეთ... (I beg your pardon...)
+- B: არაფერი, გასაგებია. (No problem, it's understandable.)
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **მადლობა for thanks**: Simple and always appropriate
+2. **დიდი intensifies**: დიდი მადლობა = thank you very much
+3. **ბოდიში for sorry and excuse me**: One word for both uses
+4. **არაფერი for you're welcome**: Literally "it's nothing"
+5. **გთხოვთ for formal please**: Use with strangers and elders
+
+## Practice Exercises
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-ess-02-thank-you" type="fill-in-blank" title="Expressing Thanks" skill="word-production" objectiveId="obj-polite-thank-you"}
+
+**Question:** Fill in the correct Georgian expression
+
+1. Simple thank you: ___
+2. Thank you very much: ___ ___
+3. Formal thank you: ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+1. მადლობა
+2. დიდი მადლობა
+3. გმადლობთ
+
+**Explanation:** მადლობა is the everyday word for thanks. Add დიდი (big/great) before it to intensify. გმადლობთ is the formal/plural form used with elders, strangers, or groups.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-ess-02-sorry-excuse" type="matching" title="Sorry vs Excuse Me" skill="polite-register" objectiveId="obj-polite-sorry-excuse"}
+
+**Question:** Match the Georgian phrase to its correct use
+
+- ბოდიში (getting attention in a shop)
+- უკაცრავად (formal apology to a superior)
+- მიპატიეთ (seeking forgiveness)
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- ბოდიში → Everyday excuse me or sorry (getting attention)
+- უკაცრავად → Formal excuse me in professional or respectful situations
+- მიპატიეთ → Requesting forgiveness, heartfelt apology
+
+**Explanation:** ბოდიში is the most versatile — use it in most situations. უკაცრავად shows more deference. მიპატიეთ is stronger, asking for pardon.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ka-ess-02-respond-thanks" type="multiple-choice" title="Responding to Thanks" skill="situational-response" objectiveId="obj-polite-respond-thanks"}
+
+**Question:** Someone says დიდი მადლობა to you. Which is the most natural response?
+
+**Options:**
+- გამარჯობა
+- ნახვამდის
+- სიამოვნებით
+- ბოდიში
+
+**Answer:** 3
+
+**Explanation:** სიამოვნებით means "with pleasure" and is a warm, natural response to thanks. არაფერი (it's nothing) is also correct. გამარჯობა is hello and ნახვამდის is goodbye — wrong context. ბოდიში means sorry.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 3, you will learn how to introduce yourself — your name, where you are from, and how to ask the same of others.
+`;
+export {
+  n as default
+};
+//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js.map

package/dist/lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"lesson-02-DEX5_pni.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/essentials/lessons/lesson-02.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-essentials-lesson-02\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 2 — თავაზიანი გამოთქმები\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Polite Expressions: Please, thank you, and sorry in Georgian\\\"\\norder: 2\\nparentId: georgian-essentials\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - politeness\\n  - expressions\\n  - basics\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 25\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-essentials-lesson-01\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-polite-thank-you\\n      description: \\\"Express thanks appropriately in Georgian\\\"\\n      skill: word-production\\n    - id: obj-polite-sorry-excuse\\n      description: \\\"Apologize and get attention politely\\\"\\n      skill: polite-register\\n    - id: obj-polite-please\\n      description: \\\"Use please and make polite requests\\\"\\n      skill: polite-register\\n    - id: obj-polite-respond-thanks\\n      description: \\\"Respond when someone thanks you\\\"\\n      skill: situational-response\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 2 (Lesson 2) — Polite Expressions\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nPoliteness in Georgian is expressed through specific words and through the structure of requests. Unlike Thai or Japanese, Georgian does not have grammaticalized politeness particles — instead, you choose specific vocabulary and verb forms. A few key words will take you a very long way.\\n\\n## Thank You\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-thanks\\\" title=\\\"Expressing Thanks\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"madloba\\\" word=\\\"მადლობა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mad-lo-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"Thank you\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"didi-madloba\\\" word=\\\"დიდი მადლობა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"di-di mad-lo-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"Thank you very much\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gmadlobt\\\" word=\\\"გმადლობთ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"gma-dlobt\\\" meaning=\\\"Thank you (formal/plural)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"madlobeli-var\\\" word=\\\"მადლობელი ვარ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mad-lo-be-li var\\\" meaning=\\\"I am grateful\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\nThe word **მადლობა** comes from **მადლი** (madli), meaning \\\"grace\\\" or \\\"blessing.\\\" Thanking someone in Georgian is literally wishing them grace.\\n\\n## Responding to Thanks\\n\\n| Georgian | Pronunciation | Meaning |\\n|----------|---------------|---------|\\n| არაფერი | a-ra-fe-ri | You're welcome / It's nothing |\\n| გთხოვთ | g-tkhovt | Please / You're welcome |\\n| სიამოვნებით | si-a-mov-ne-bit | With pleasure |\\n| რა თქმა უნდა | ra tkh-ma un-da | Of course |\\n\\n## Please and Requests\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-please\\\" title=\\\"Please and Requests\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gtkhovt\\\" word=\\\"გთხოვთ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"g-tkhovt\\\" meaning=\\\"Please (formal) / I ask you\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gtkhovs\\\" word=\\\"გთხოვს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"g-tkhovs\\\" meaning=\\\"Please (informal, to one person)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"imit-gtkhov\\\" word=\\\"ამის მომეცით\\\" pronunciation=\\\"a-mis mo-me-tsit\\\" meaning=\\\"Please give me this\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\nThe word **გთხოვთ** comes from the verb **სთხოვა** (stkkhova), to ask or request. It is both \\\"please\\\" and \\\"I ask of you.\\\"\\n\\n## Sorry and Excuse Me\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-sorry\\\" title=\\\"Sorry and Excuse Me\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"bodishi\\\" word=\\\"ბოდიში\\\" pronunciation=\\\"bo-di-shi\\\" meaning=\\\"Sorry / Excuse me\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ukatsravad\\\" word=\\\"უკაცრავად\\\" pronunciation=\\\"u-kats-ra-vad\\\" meaning=\\\"Excuse me (more formal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mipatiet\\\" word=\\\"მიპატიეთ\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mi-pa-ti-et\\\" meaning=\\\"Forgive me / I beg your pardon\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n**ბოდიში** is the everyday word for both \\\"sorry\\\" and \\\"excuse me.\\\" Use it to:\\n- Apologize for a small mistake\\n- Get someone's attention (\\\"Excuse me...\\\")\\n- Pass by someone in a crowded space\\n\\n**უკაცრავად** is more formal and polished. Prefer it with strangers, elders, or in professional settings.\\n\\n## Common Polite Exchanges\\n\\n**Getting attention in a shop:**\\n- ბოდიში, გთხოვთ... (Excuse me, please...)\\n\\n**Thanking someone:**\\n- A: მადლობა! (Thank you!)\\n- B: არაფერი! (You're welcome!)\\n\\n**More heartfelt thanks:**\\n- A: დიდი მადლობა! (Thank you very much!)\\n- B: სიამოვნებით! (With pleasure!)\\n\\n**Apologizing:**\\n- ბოდიში, შეცდომა დავუშვი. (Sorry, I made a mistake.)\\n- A: მიპატიეთ... (I beg your pardon...)\\n- B: არაფერი, გასაგებია. (No problem, it's understandable.)\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **მადლობა for thanks**: Simple and always appropriate\\n2. **დიდი intensifies**: დიდი მადლობა = thank you very much\\n3. **ბოდიში for sorry and excuse me**: One word for both uses\\n4. **არაფერი for you're welcome**: Literally \\\"it's nothing\\\"\\n5. **გთხოვთ for formal please**: Use with strangers and elders\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-02-thank-you\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Expressing Thanks\\\" skill=\\\"word-production\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-polite-thank-you\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Fill in the correct Georgian expression\\n\\n1. Simple thank you: ___\\n2. Thank you very much: ___ ___\\n3. Formal thank you: ___\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. მადლობა\\n2. დიდი მადლობა\\n3. გმადლობთ\\n\\n**Explanation:** მადლობა is the everyday word for thanks. Add დიდი (big/great) before it to intensify. გმადლობთ is the formal/plural form used with elders, strangers, or groups.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-02-sorry-excuse\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Sorry vs Excuse Me\\\" skill=\\\"polite-register\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-polite-sorry-excuse\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match the Georgian phrase to its correct use\\n\\n- ბოდიში (getting attention in a shop)\\n- უკაცრავად (formal apology to a superior)\\n- მიპატიეთ (seeking forgiveness)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ბოდიში → Everyday excuse me or sorry (getting attention)\\n- უკაცრავად → Formal excuse me in professional or respectful situations\\n- მიპატიეთ → Requesting forgiveness, heartfelt apology\\n\\n**Explanation:** ბოდიში is the most versatile — use it in most situations. უკაცრავად shows more deference. მიპატიეთ is stronger, asking for pardon.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-ess-02-respond-thanks\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Responding to Thanks\\\" skill=\\\"situational-response\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-polite-respond-thanks\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Someone says დიდი მადლობა to you. 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