trackler 2.2.0.4 → 2.2.0.5

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (486) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +4 -4
  2. data/lib/trackler/version.rb +1 -1
  3. data/tracks/bash/config.json +10 -2
  4. data/tracks/bash/exercises/word-count/example.awk +12 -0
  5. data/tracks/bash/exercises/word-count/example.sh +21 -0
  6. data/tracks/c/config.json +0 -2
  7. data/tracks/ceylon/config.json +0 -2
  8. data/tracks/{erlang/exercises/all-your-base/.meta/readme.go.tmpl → clojure/config/exercise_readme.go.tmpl} +0 -1
  9. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/accumulate/README.md +35 -0
  10. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/acronym/README.md +15 -0
  11. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/all-your-base/README.md +35 -0
  12. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/allergies/README.md +37 -0
  13. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/anagram/README.md +13 -0
  14. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/atbash-cipher/README.md +34 -0
  15. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/bank-account/README.md +30 -0
  16. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/beer-song/README.md +327 -0
  17. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/binary/README.md +35 -0
  18. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/binary-search/README.md +41 -0
  19. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/binary-search-tree/README.md +60 -0
  20. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/bob/README.md +18 -0
  21. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/bracket-push/README.md +10 -0
  22. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/change/README.md +23 -0
  23. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/clock/README.md +13 -0
  24. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/crypto-square/README.md +74 -0
  25. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/difference-of-squares/README.md +19 -0
  26. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/etl/README.md +51 -0
  27. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/flatten-array/README.md +18 -0
  28. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/gigasecond/README.md +11 -0
  29. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/grade-school/README.md +42 -0
  30. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/grains/README.md +34 -0
  31. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/hamming/README.md +42 -0
  32. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/hello-world/README.md +51 -0
  33. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/hexadecimal/README.md +14 -0
  34. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/isogram/README.md +19 -0
  35. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/kindergarten-garden/README.md +66 -0
  36. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/largest-series-product/README.md +20 -0
  37. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/leap/README.md +33 -0
  38. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/luhn/README.md +71 -0
  39. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/meetup/README.md +30 -0
  40. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/minesweeper/README.md +30 -0
  41. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/nth-prime/README.md +15 -0
  42. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/nucleotide-count/README.md +33 -0
  43. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/octal/README.md +49 -0
  44. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/pangram/README.md +15 -0
  45. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/pascals-triangle/README.md +21 -0
  46. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/perfect-numbers/README.md +24 -0
  47. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/phone-number/README.md +34 -0
  48. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/pig-latin/README.md +24 -0
  49. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/pov/README.md +46 -0
  50. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/prime-factors/README.md +36 -0
  51. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/queen-attack/README.md +33 -0
  52. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/raindrops/README.md +24 -0
  53. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/rna-transcription/README.md +25 -0
  54. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/robot-name/README.md +22 -0
  55. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/robot-simulator/README.md +34 -0
  56. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/roman-numerals/README.md +49 -0
  57. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/rotational-cipher/README.md +36 -0
  58. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/scrabble-score/README.md +44 -0
  59. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/secret-handshake/README.md +35 -0
  60. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/sieve/README.md +34 -0
  61. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/space-age/README.md +24 -0
  62. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/strain/README.md +40 -0
  63. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/sublist/README.md +21 -0
  64. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/sum-of-multiples/README.md +18 -0
  65. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/triangle/README.md +26 -0
  66. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/trinary/README.md +28 -0
  67. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/word-count/README.md +19 -0
  68. data/tracks/clojure/exercises/wordy/README.md +63 -0
  69. data/tracks/{erlang/exercises/allergies/.meta/readme.go.tmpl → crystal/config/exercise_readme.go.tmpl} +0 -1
  70. data/tracks/crystal/config.json +0 -2
  71. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/acronym/README.md +38 -0
  72. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/anagram/README.md +36 -0
  73. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/atbash-cipher/README.md +57 -0
  74. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/binary/README.md +58 -0
  75. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/binary-search-tree/README.md +83 -0
  76. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/bob/README.md +41 -0
  77. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/bracket-push/README.md +33 -0
  78. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/difference-of-squares/README.md +42 -0
  79. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/flatten-array/README.md +41 -0
  80. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/forth/README.md +52 -0
  81. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/gigasecond/README.md +34 -0
  82. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/hamming/README.md +65 -0
  83. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/hello-world/README.md +78 -0
  84. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/largest-series-product/README.md +43 -0
  85. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/leap/README.md +56 -0
  86. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/pangram/README.md +38 -0
  87. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/pascals-triangle/README.md +44 -0
  88. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/raindrops/README.md +47 -0
  89. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/react/README.md +42 -0
  90. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/rna-transcription/README.md +48 -0
  91. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/roman-numerals/README.md +72 -0
  92. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/run-length-encoding/README.md +53 -0
  93. data/tracks/crystal/exercises/sieve/README.md +57 -0
  94. data/tracks/csharp/config.json +0 -2
  95. data/tracks/delphi/config.json +0 -2
  96. data/tracks/ecmascript/config.json +63 -2
  97. data/tracks/erlang/{exercises/anagram/.meta/readme.go.tmpl → config/exercise_readme.go.tmpl} +0 -1
  98. data/tracks/erlang/config.json +0 -2
  99. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/accumulate/README.md +0 -1
  100. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/all-your-base/README.md +0 -1
  101. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/allergies/README.md +0 -1
  102. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/anagram/README.md +0 -1
  103. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/atbash-cipher/README.md +0 -1
  104. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/bank-account/README.md +0 -1
  105. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/beer-song/README.md +0 -1
  106. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/bob/README.md +0 -1
  107. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/circular-buffer/README.md +0 -1
  108. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/clock/README.md +0 -1
  109. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/collatz-conjecture/README.md +0 -1
  110. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/difference-of-squares/README.md +0 -1
  111. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/etl/README.md +0 -1
  112. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/gigasecond/README.md +0 -1
  113. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/grade-school/README.md +0 -1
  114. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/grains/README.md +0 -1
  115. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/hamming/README.md +0 -1
  116. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/hello-world/README.md +0 -1
  117. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/largest-series-product/README.md +0 -1
  118. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/leap/README.md +0 -1
  119. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/luhn/README.md +0 -1
  120. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/meetup/README.md +0 -1
  121. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/nucleotide-count/README.md +0 -1
  122. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/parallel-letter-frequency/README.md +0 -1
  123. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/phone-number/README.md +0 -1
  124. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/rna-transcription/README.md +0 -1
  125. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/robot-simulator/README.md +0 -1
  126. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/roman-numerals/README.md +0 -1
  127. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/rotational-cipher/README.md +0 -1
  128. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/scrabble-score/README.md +0 -1
  129. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/series/README.md +0 -1
  130. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/space-age/README.md +0 -1
  131. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/spiral-matrix/README.md +0 -1
  132. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/strain/README.md +0 -1
  133. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/sum-of-multiples/README.md +0 -1
  134. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/triangle/README.md +0 -1
  135. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/word-count/README.md +0 -1
  136. data/tracks/erlang/exercises/zipper/README.md +0 -1
  137. data/tracks/factor/config.json +0 -2
  138. data/tracks/fsharp/config.json +0 -2
  139. data/tracks/go/config.json +12 -6
  140. data/tracks/go/exercises/bank-account/bank_account_test.go +60 -1
  141. data/tracks/go/exercises/error-handling/common.go +17 -0
  142. data/tracks/go/exercises/error-handling/error_handling_test.go +37 -4
  143. data/tracks/haskell/config.json +0 -2
  144. data/tracks/java/config.json +10 -2
  145. data/tracks/{erlang/exercises/accumulate → java/exercises/forth}/.meta/readme.go.tmpl +0 -0
  146. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/README.md +41 -0
  147. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/build.gradle +18 -0
  148. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/src/example/java/ForthEvaluator.java +154 -0
  149. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/src/example/java/Token.java +90 -0
  150. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/src/main/java/.keep +0 -0
  151. data/tracks/java/exercises/forth/src/test/java/ForthEvaluatorTest.java +355 -0
  152. data/tracks/java/exercises/settings.gradle +1 -0
  153. data/tracks/javascript/config.json +0 -2
  154. data/tracks/kotlin/config.json +30 -2
  155. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/forth/README.md +32 -0
  156. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/forth/build.gradle +28 -0
  157. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/forth/src/example/kotlin/ForthEvaluator.kt +138 -0
  158. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/forth/src/main/kotlin/.keep +0 -0
  159. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/forth/src/test/kotlin/ForthEvaluatorTest.kt +352 -0
  160. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/README.md +33 -0
  161. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/build.gradle +28 -0
  162. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/src/example/kotlin/Meetup.kt +45 -0
  163. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/src/example/kotlin/MeetupSchedule.kt +1 -0
  164. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/src/main/kotlin/MeetupSchedule.kt +5 -0
  165. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/meetup/src/test/kotlin/MeetupTest.kt +771 -0
  166. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/say/README.md +72 -0
  167. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/say/build.gradle +28 -0
  168. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/say/src/example/kotlin/NumberSpeller.kt +88 -0
  169. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/say/src/main/kotlin/.keep +0 -0
  170. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/say/src/test/kotlin/NumberSpellerTest.kt +138 -0
  171. data/tracks/kotlin/exercises/settings.gradle +3 -0
  172. data/tracks/lua/config.json +0 -2
  173. data/tracks/mips/config.json +0 -2
  174. data/tracks/ocaml/config.json +0 -2
  175. data/tracks/perl5/config.json +262 -67
  176. data/tracks/perl6/config.json +98 -26
  177. data/tracks/php/docs/INSTALLATION.md +1 -1
  178. data/tracks/powershell/config.json +0 -2
  179. data/tracks/purescript/config.json +0 -2
  180. data/tracks/python/README.md +2 -2
  181. data/tracks/python/config/exercise_readme.go.tmpl +16 -0
  182. data/tracks/python/config.json +280 -15
  183. data/tracks/python/exercises/accumulate/README.md +46 -0
  184. data/tracks/python/exercises/acronym/README.md +26 -0
  185. data/tracks/python/exercises/all-your-base/README.md +46 -0
  186. data/tracks/python/exercises/allergies/README.md +48 -0
  187. data/tracks/python/exercises/alphametics/README.md +46 -0
  188. data/tracks/python/exercises/anagram/README.md +24 -0
  189. data/tracks/python/exercises/atbash-cipher/README.md +45 -0
  190. data/tracks/python/exercises/beer-song/README.md +338 -0
  191. data/tracks/python/exercises/binary/README.md +46 -0
  192. data/tracks/python/exercises/binary-search/README.md +52 -0
  193. data/tracks/python/exercises/bob/README.md +29 -0
  194. data/tracks/python/exercises/book-store/README.md +85 -0
  195. data/tracks/python/exercises/bracket-push/README.md +21 -0
  196. data/tracks/python/exercises/circular-buffer/README.md +61 -0
  197. data/tracks/python/exercises/clock/README.md +24 -0
  198. data/tracks/python/exercises/crypto-square/README.md +85 -0
  199. data/tracks/python/exercises/diamond/README.md +70 -0
  200. data/tracks/python/exercises/difference-of-squares/README.md +30 -0
  201. data/tracks/python/exercises/etl/README.md +62 -0
  202. data/tracks/python/exercises/flatten-array/README.md +29 -0
  203. data/tracks/python/exercises/gigasecond/README.md +22 -0
  204. data/tracks/python/exercises/grade-school/README.md +53 -0
  205. data/tracks/python/exercises/grains/README.md +45 -0
  206. data/tracks/python/exercises/grep/README.md +82 -0
  207. data/tracks/python/exercises/hamming/README.md +53 -0
  208. data/tracks/python/exercises/hello-world/README.md +32 -0
  209. data/tracks/python/exercises/hexadecimal/README.md +25 -0
  210. data/tracks/python/exercises/house/README.md +124 -0
  211. data/tracks/python/exercises/isogram/README.md +30 -0
  212. data/tracks/python/exercises/kindergarten-garden/README.md +77 -0
  213. data/tracks/python/exercises/largest-series-product/README.md +31 -0
  214. data/tracks/python/exercises/leap/README.md +44 -0
  215. data/tracks/python/exercises/linked-list/README.md +45 -0
  216. data/tracks/python/exercises/list-ops/README.md +21 -0
  217. data/tracks/python/exercises/luhn/README.md +82 -0
  218. data/tracks/python/exercises/matrix/README.md +56 -0
  219. data/tracks/python/exercises/meetup/README.md +41 -0
  220. data/tracks/python/exercises/minesweeper/README.md +41 -0
  221. data/tracks/python/exercises/nth-prime/README.md +26 -0
  222. data/tracks/python/exercises/nucleotide-count/README.md +44 -0
  223. data/tracks/python/exercises/ocr-numbers/README.md +96 -0
  224. data/tracks/python/exercises/octal/README.md +60 -0
  225. data/tracks/python/exercises/palindrome-products/README.md +51 -0
  226. data/tracks/python/exercises/pangram/README.md +26 -0
  227. data/tracks/python/exercises/pascals-triangle/README.md +32 -0
  228. data/tracks/python/exercises/perfect-numbers/README.md +35 -0
  229. data/tracks/python/exercises/phone-number/README.md +45 -0
  230. data/tracks/python/exercises/pig-latin/README.md +35 -0
  231. data/tracks/python/exercises/point-mutations/README.md +52 -0
  232. data/tracks/python/exercises/poker/README.md +23 -0
  233. data/tracks/python/exercises/prime-factors/README.md +47 -0
  234. data/tracks/python/exercises/protein-translation/README.md +60 -0
  235. data/tracks/python/exercises/proverb/README.md +29 -0
  236. data/tracks/python/exercises/pythagorean-triplet/README.md +35 -0
  237. data/tracks/python/exercises/queen-attack/README.md +44 -0
  238. data/tracks/python/exercises/rail-fence-cipher/README.md +71 -0
  239. data/tracks/python/exercises/raindrops/README.md +35 -0
  240. data/tracks/python/exercises/rectangles/README.md +78 -0
  241. data/tracks/python/exercises/rna-transcription/README.md +36 -0
  242. data/tracks/python/exercises/robot-name/README.md +33 -0
  243. data/tracks/python/exercises/robot-simulator/README.md +45 -0
  244. data/tracks/python/exercises/roman-numerals/README.md +60 -0
  245. data/tracks/python/exercises/rotational-cipher/README.md +47 -0
  246. data/tracks/python/exercises/run-length-encoding/README.md +41 -0
  247. data/tracks/python/exercises/saddle-points/README.md +44 -0
  248. data/tracks/python/exercises/say/README.md +80 -0
  249. data/tracks/python/exercises/scale-generator/README.md +71 -0
  250. data/tracks/python/exercises/scrabble-score/README.md +55 -0
  251. data/tracks/python/exercises/secret-handshake/README.md +46 -0
  252. data/tracks/python/exercises/series/README.md +38 -0
  253. data/tracks/python/exercises/sieve/README.md +45 -0
  254. data/tracks/python/exercises/simple-cipher/README.md +101 -0
  255. data/tracks/python/exercises/space-age/README.md +35 -0
  256. data/tracks/python/exercises/strain/README.md +51 -0
  257. data/tracks/python/exercises/sublist/README.md +32 -0
  258. data/tracks/python/exercises/sum-of-multiples/README.md +29 -0
  259. data/tracks/python/exercises/tournament/README.md +79 -0
  260. data/tracks/python/exercises/transpose/README.md +76 -0
  261. data/tracks/python/exercises/triangle/README.md +37 -0
  262. data/tracks/python/exercises/trinary/README.md +39 -0
  263. data/tracks/python/exercises/twelve-days/README.md +46 -0
  264. data/tracks/python/exercises/variable-length-quantity/README.md +50 -0
  265. data/tracks/python/exercises/word-count/README.md +30 -0
  266. data/tracks/python/exercises/word-search/README.md +41 -0
  267. data/tracks/python/exercises/wordy/README.md +74 -0
  268. data/tracks/python/exercises/zebra-puzzle/README.md +43 -0
  269. data/tracks/python/test/check-exercises.py +2 -3
  270. data/tracks/r/config.json +0 -2
  271. data/tracks/ruby/.travis.yml +1 -1
  272. data/tracks/ruby/config/exercise_readme.go.tmpl +16 -0
  273. data/tracks/ruby/config.json +265 -4
  274. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/accumulate/README.md +76 -0
  275. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/acronym/README.md +41 -0
  276. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/all-your-base/README.md +61 -0
  277. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/allergies/README.md +63 -0
  278. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/alphametics/README.md +61 -0
  279. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/anagram/README.md +39 -0
  280. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/atbash-cipher/README.md +60 -0
  281. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/beer-song/README.md +353 -0
  282. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/binary/README.md +61 -0
  283. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/binary-search/README.md +67 -0
  284. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/binary-search-tree/README.md +86 -0
  285. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/bob/README.md +44 -0
  286. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/bowling/README.md +79 -0
  287. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/bracket-push/README.md +36 -0
  288. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/circular-buffer/README.md +76 -0
  289. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/clock/README.md +39 -0
  290. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/collatz-conjecture/README.md +59 -0
  291. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/connect/README.md +60 -0
  292. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/crypto-square/README.md +100 -0
  293. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/custom-set/README.md +37 -0
  294. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/diamond/README.md +85 -0
  295. data/tracks/ruby/exercises/difference-of-squares/README.md +45 -0
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@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
1
+ # Binary Search
2
+
3
+ Implement a binary search algorithm.
4
+
5
+ Searching a sorted collection is a common task. A dictionary is a sorted
6
+ list of word definitions. Given a word, one can find its definition. A
7
+ telephone book is a sorted list of people's names, addresses, and
8
+ telephone numbers. Knowing someone's name allows one to quickly find
9
+ their telephone number and address.
10
+
11
+ If the list to be searched contains more than a few items (a dozen, say)
12
+ a binary search will require far fewer comparisons than a linear search,
13
+ but it imposes the requirement that the list be sorted.
14
+
15
+ In computer science, a binary search or half-interval search algorithm
16
+ finds the position of a specified input value (the search "key") within
17
+ an array sorted by key value.
18
+
19
+ In each step, the algorithm compares the search key value with the key
20
+ value of the middle element of the array.
21
+
22
+ If the keys match, then a matching element has been found and its index,
23
+ or position, is returned.
24
+
25
+ Otherwise, if the search key is less than the middle element's key, then
26
+ the algorithm repeats its action on the sub-array to the left of the
27
+ middle element or, if the search key is greater, on the sub-array to the
28
+ right.
29
+
30
+ If the remaining array to be searched is empty, then the key cannot be
31
+ found in the array and a special "not found" indication is returned.
32
+
33
+ A binary search halves the number of items to check with each iteration,
34
+ so locating an item (or determining its absence) takes logarithmic time.
35
+ A binary search is a dichotomic divide and conquer search algorithm.
36
+ ## Source
37
+
38
+ Wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_algorithm](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_algorithm)
39
+
40
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
41
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
1
+ # Binary Search Tree
2
+
3
+ Insert and search for numbers in a binary tree.
4
+
5
+ When we need to represent sorted data, an array does not make a good
6
+ data structure.
7
+
8
+ Say we have the array `[1, 3, 4, 5]`, and we add 2 to it so it becomes
9
+ `[1, 3, 4, 5, 2]` now we must sort the entire array again! We can
10
+ improve on this by realizing that we only need to make space for the new
11
+ item `[1, nil, 3, 4, 5]`, and then adding the item in the space we
12
+ added. But this still requires us to shift many elements down by one.
13
+
14
+ Binary Search Trees, however, can operate on sorted data much more
15
+ efficiently.
16
+
17
+ A binary search tree consists of a series of connected nodes. Each node
18
+ contains a piece of data (e.g. the number 3), a variable named `left`,
19
+ and a variable named `right`. The `left` and `right` variables point at
20
+ `nil`, or other nodes. Since these other nodes in turn have other nodes
21
+ beneath them, we say that the left and right variables are pointing at
22
+ subtrees. All data in the left subtree is less than or equal to the
23
+ current node's data, and all data in the right subtree is greater than
24
+ the current node's data.
25
+
26
+ For example, if we had a node containing the data 4, and we added the
27
+ data 2, our tree would look like this:
28
+
29
+ 4
30
+ /
31
+ 2
32
+
33
+ If we then added 6, it would look like this:
34
+
35
+ 4
36
+ / \
37
+ 2 6
38
+
39
+ If we then added 3, it would look like this
40
+
41
+ 4
42
+ / \
43
+ 2 6
44
+ \
45
+ 3
46
+
47
+ And if we then added 1, 5, and 7, it would look like this
48
+
49
+ 4
50
+ / \
51
+ / \
52
+ 2 6
53
+ / \ / \
54
+ 1 3 5 7
55
+ ## Source
56
+
57
+ Josh Cheek [https://twitter.com/josh_cheek](https://twitter.com/josh_cheek)
58
+
59
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
60
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
1
+ # Bob
2
+
3
+ Bob is a lackadaisical teenager. In conversation, his responses are very limited.
4
+
5
+ Bob answers 'Sure.' if you ask him a question.
6
+
7
+ He answers 'Whoa, chill out!' if you yell at him.
8
+
9
+ He says 'Fine. Be that way!' if you address him without actually saying
10
+ anything.
11
+
12
+ He answers 'Whatever.' to anything else.
13
+ ## Source
14
+
15
+ Inspired by the 'Deaf Grandma' exercise in Chris Pine's Learn to Program tutorial. [http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/?Chapter=06](http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/?Chapter=06)
16
+
17
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
18
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
1
+ # Bracket Push
2
+
3
+ Given a string containing brackets `[]`, braces `{}` and parentheses `()`,
4
+ verify that all the pairs are matched and nested correctly.
5
+ ## Source
6
+
7
+ Ginna Baker
8
+
9
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
10
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
1
+ # Change
2
+
3
+ Correctly determine the fewest number of coins to be given to a customer such
4
+ that the sum of the coins' value would equal the correct amount of change.
5
+
6
+ ## For example
7
+
8
+ - An input of 15 with [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one nickel (5)
9
+ and one dime (10) or [0, 1, 1, 0, 0]
10
+ - An input of 40 with [1, 5, 10, 25, 100] should return one nickel (5)
11
+ and one dime (10) and one quarter (25) or [0, 1, 1, 1, 0]
12
+
13
+ ## Edge cases
14
+
15
+ - Does your algorithm work for any given set of coins?
16
+ - Can you ask for negative change?
17
+ - Can you ask for a change value smaller than the smallest coin value?
18
+ ## Source
19
+
20
+ Software Craftsmanship - Kata-logue [http://craftsmanship.sv.cmu.edu/exercises/coin-change-kata](http://craftsmanship.sv.cmu.edu/exercises/coin-change-kata)
21
+
22
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
23
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
1
+ # Clock
2
+
3
+ Implement a clock that handles times without dates.
4
+
5
+ You should be able to add and subtract minutes to it.
6
+
7
+ Two clocks that represent the same time should be equal to each other.
8
+ ## Source
9
+
10
+ Pairing session with Erin Drummond [https://twitter.com/ebdrummond](https://twitter.com/ebdrummond)
11
+
12
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
13
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
1
+ # Crypto Square
2
+
3
+ Implement the classic method for composing secret messages called a square code.
4
+
5
+ Given an English text, output the encoded version of that text.
6
+
7
+ First, the input is normalized: the spaces and punctuation are removed
8
+ from the English text and the message is downcased.
9
+
10
+ Then, the normalized characters are broken into rows. These rows can be
11
+ regarded as forming a rectangle when printed with intervening newlines.
12
+
13
+ For example, the sentence
14
+
15
+ > If man was meant to stay on the ground, god would have given us roots.
16
+
17
+ is normalized to:
18
+
19
+ > ifmanwasmeanttostayonthegroundgodwouldhavegivenusroots
20
+
21
+ The plaintext should be organized in to a rectangle. The size of the
22
+ rectangle (`r x c`) should be decided by the length of the message,
23
+ such that `c >= r` and `c - r <= 1`, where `c` is the number of columns
24
+ and `r` is the number of rows.
25
+
26
+ Our normalized text is 54 characters long, dictating a rectangle with
27
+ `c = 8` and `r = 7`:
28
+
29
+ ```plain
30
+ ifmanwas
31
+ meanttos
32
+ tayonthe
33
+ groundgo
34
+ dwouldha
35
+ vegivenu
36
+ sroots
37
+ ```
38
+
39
+ The coded message is obtained by reading down the columns going left to
40
+ right.
41
+
42
+ The message above is coded as:
43
+
44
+ ```plain
45
+ imtgdvsfearwermayoogoanouuiontnnlvtwttddesaohghnsseoau
46
+ ```
47
+
48
+ Output the encoded text in chunks. Phrases that fill perfect squares
49
+ `(r X r)` should be output in `r`-length chunks separated by spaces.
50
+ Imperfect squares will have `n` empty spaces. Those spaces should be distributed evenly across the last `n` rows.
51
+
52
+ ```plain
53
+ imtgdvs fearwer mayoogo anouuio ntnnlvt wttddes aohghn sseoau
54
+ ```
55
+
56
+ Notice that were we to stack these, we could visually decode the
57
+ cyphertext back in to the original message:
58
+
59
+ ```plain
60
+ imtgdvs
61
+ fearwer
62
+ mayoogo
63
+ anouuio
64
+ ntnnlvt
65
+ wttddes
66
+ aohghn
67
+ sseoau
68
+ ```
69
+ ## Source
70
+
71
+ J Dalbey's Programming Practice problems [http://users.csc.calpoly.edu/~jdalbey/103/Projects/ProgrammingPractice.html](http://users.csc.calpoly.edu/~jdalbey/103/Projects/ProgrammingPractice.html)
72
+
73
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
74
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
1
+ # Difference Of Squares
2
+
3
+ Find the difference between the square of the sum and the sum of the squares of the first N natural numbers.
4
+
5
+ The square of the sum of the first ten natural numbers is
6
+ (1 + 2 + ... + 10)² = 55² = 3025.
7
+
8
+ The sum of the squares of the first ten natural numbers is
9
+ 1² + 2² + ... + 10² = 385.
10
+
11
+ Hence the difference between the square of the sum of the first
12
+ ten natural numbers and the sum of the squares of the first ten
13
+ natural numbers is 3025 - 385 = 2640.
14
+ ## Source
15
+
16
+ Problem 6 at Project Euler [http://projecteuler.net/problem=6](http://projecteuler.net/problem=6)
17
+
18
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
19
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
1
+ # Etl
2
+
3
+ We are going to do the `Transform` step of an Extract-Transform-Load.
4
+
5
+ ### ETL
6
+ Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) is a fancy way of saying, "We have some crufty, legacy data over in this system, and now we need it in this shiny new system over here, so
7
+ we're going to migrate this."
8
+
9
+ (Typically, this is followed by, "We're only going to need to run this
10
+ once." That's then typically followed by much forehead slapping and
11
+ moaning about how stupid we could possibly be.)
12
+
13
+ ### The goal
14
+ We're going to extract some scrabble scores from a legacy system.
15
+
16
+ The old system stored a list of letters per score:
17
+
18
+ - 1 point: "A", "E", "I", "O", "U", "L", "N", "R", "S", "T",
19
+ - 2 points: "D", "G",
20
+ - 3 points: "B", "C", "M", "P",
21
+ - 4 points: "F", "H", "V", "W", "Y",
22
+ - 5 points: "K",
23
+ - 8 points: "J", "X",
24
+ - 10 points: "Q", "Z",
25
+
26
+ The shiny new scrabble system instead stores the score per letter, which
27
+ makes it much faster and easier to calculate the score for a word. It
28
+ also stores the letters in lower-case regardless of the case of the
29
+ input letters:
30
+
31
+ - "a" is worth 1 point.
32
+ - "b" is worth 3 points.
33
+ - "c" is worth 3 points.
34
+ - "d" is worth 2 points.
35
+ - Etc.
36
+
37
+ Your mission, should you choose to accept it, is to transform the legacy data
38
+ format to the shiny new format.
39
+
40
+ ### Notes
41
+
42
+ A final note about scoring, Scrabble is played around the world in a
43
+ variety of languages, each with its own unique scoring table. For
44
+ example, an "E" is scored at 2 in the Māori-language version of the
45
+ game while being scored at 4 in the Hawaiian-language version.
46
+ ## Source
47
+
48
+ The Jumpstart Lab team [http://jumpstartlab.com](http://jumpstartlab.com)
49
+
50
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
51
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
1
+ # Flatten Array
2
+
3
+ Take a nested list and return a single flattened list with all values except nil/null.
4
+
5
+ The challenge is to write a function that accepts an arbitrarily-deep nested list-like structure and returns a flattened structure without any nil/null values.
6
+
7
+ For Example
8
+
9
+ input: [1,[2,3,null,4],[null],5]
10
+
11
+ output: [1,2,3,4,5]
12
+
13
+ ## Source
14
+
15
+ Interview Question [https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Flatten.html](https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/Flatten.html)
16
+
17
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
18
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
1
+ # Gigasecond
2
+
3
+ Calculate the moment when someone has lived for 10^9 seconds.
4
+
5
+ A gigasecond is 10^9 (1,000,000,000) seconds.
6
+ ## Source
7
+
8
+ Chapter 9 in Chris Pine's online Learn to Program tutorial. [http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/?Chapter=09](http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/?Chapter=09)
9
+
10
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
11
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
1
+ # Grade School
2
+
3
+ Given students' names along with the grade that they are in, create a roster
4
+ for the school.
5
+
6
+ In the end, you should be able to:
7
+
8
+ - Add a student's name to the roster for a grade
9
+ - "Add Jim to grade 2."
10
+ - "OK."
11
+ - Get a list of all students enrolled in a grade
12
+ - "Which students are in grade 2?"
13
+ - "We've only got Jim just now."
14
+ - Get a sorted list of all students in all grades. Grades should sort
15
+ as 1, 2, 3, etc., and students within a grade should be sorted
16
+ alphabetically by name.
17
+ - "Who all is enrolled in school right now?"
18
+ - "Grade 1: Anna, Barb, and Charlie. Grade 2: Alex, Peter, and Zoe.
19
+ Grade 3…"
20
+
21
+ Note that all our students only have one name. (It's a small town, what
22
+ do you want?)
23
+
24
+
25
+ ## For bonus points
26
+
27
+ Did you get the tests passing and the code clean? If you want to, these
28
+ are some additional things you could try:
29
+
30
+ - If you're working in a language with mutable data structures and your
31
+ implementation allows outside code to mutate the school's internal DB
32
+ directly, see if you can prevent this. Feel free to introduce additional
33
+ tests.
34
+
35
+ Then please share your thoughts in a comment on the submission. Did this
36
+ experiment make the code better? Worse? Did you learn anything from it?
37
+ ## Source
38
+
39
+ A pairing session with Phil Battos at gSchool [http://gschool.it](http://gschool.it)
40
+
41
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
42
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
1
+ # Grains
2
+
3
+ Calculate the number of grains of wheat on a chessboard given that the number
4
+ on each square doubles.
5
+
6
+ There once was a wise servant who saved the life of a prince. The king
7
+ promised to pay whatever the servant could dream up. Knowing that the
8
+ king loved chess, the servant told the king he would like to have grains
9
+ of wheat. One grain on the first square of a chess board. Two grains on
10
+ the next. Four on the third, and so on.
11
+
12
+ There are 64 squares on a chessboard.
13
+
14
+ Write code that shows:
15
+ - how many grains were on each square, and
16
+ - the total number of grains
17
+
18
+
19
+ ## For bonus points
20
+
21
+ Did you get the tests passing and the code clean? If you want to, these
22
+ are some additional things you could try:
23
+
24
+ - Optimize for speed.
25
+ - Optimize for readability.
26
+
27
+ Then please share your thoughts in a comment on the submission. Did this
28
+ experiment make the code better? Worse? Did you learn anything from it?
29
+ ## Source
30
+
31
+ JavaRanch Cattle Drive, exercise 6 [http://www.javaranch.com/grains.jsp](http://www.javaranch.com/grains.jsp)
32
+
33
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
34
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
1
+ # Hamming
2
+
3
+ Calculate the Hamming difference between two DNA strands.
4
+
5
+ A mutation is simply a mistake that occurs during the creation or
6
+ copying of a nucleic acid, in particular DNA. Because nucleic acids are
7
+ vital to cellular functions, mutations tend to cause a ripple effect
8
+ throughout the cell. Although mutations are technically mistakes, a very
9
+ rare mutation may equip the cell with a beneficial attribute. In fact,
10
+ the macro effects of evolution are attributable by the accumulated
11
+ result of beneficial microscopic mutations over many generations.
12
+
13
+ The simplest and most common type of nucleic acid mutation is a point
14
+ mutation, which replaces one base with another at a single nucleotide.
15
+
16
+ By counting the number of differences between two homologous DNA strands
17
+ taken from different genomes with a common ancestor, we get a measure of
18
+ the minimum number of point mutations that could have occurred on the
19
+ evolutionary path between the two strands.
20
+
21
+ This is called the 'Hamming distance'.
22
+
23
+ It is found by comparing two DNA strands and counting how many of the
24
+ nucleotides are different from their equivalent in the other string.
25
+
26
+ GAGCCTACTAACGGGAT
27
+ CATCGTAATGACGGCCT
28
+ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^
29
+
30
+ The Hamming distance between these two DNA strands is 7.
31
+
32
+ # Implementation notes
33
+
34
+ The Hamming distance is only defined for sequences of equal length. This means
35
+ that based on the definition, each language could deal with getting sequences
36
+ of equal length differently.
37
+ ## Source
38
+
39
+ The Calculating Point Mutations problem at Rosalind [http://rosalind.info/problems/hamm/](http://rosalind.info/problems/hamm/)
40
+
41
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
42
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
1
+ # Hello World
2
+
3
+ The classical introductory exercise. Just say "Hello, World!".
4
+
5
+ ["Hello, World!"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Hello,_world!%22_program) is
6
+ the traditional first program for beginning programming in a new language
7
+ or environment.
8
+
9
+ The objectives are simple:
10
+
11
+ - Write a function that returns the string "Hello, World!".
12
+ - Run the test suite and make sure that it succeeds.
13
+ - Submit your solution and check it at the website.
14
+
15
+ If everything goes well, you will be ready to fetch your first real exercise.
16
+
17
+ ### Project Structure
18
+
19
+ Clojure exercises in exercism use [leiningen](http://leiningen.org/) to configure and run your code
20
+ and use [leiningen standard directory structure](https://github.com/technomancy/leiningen/blob/master/doc/TUTORIAL.md#directory-layout).
21
+
22
+ You will find a test file named `hello_world_test.clj` inside `test` directory.
23
+ Write your code in `src/hello_world.clj`. It should use the namespace `hello-world` so that tests can pick it up.
24
+
25
+ ### Running tests
26
+
27
+ Run the tests using `lein test` command and make them pass:
28
+
29
+ ```
30
+ $ lein test
31
+
32
+ lein test hello-world-test
33
+
34
+ Ran 3 tests containing 3 assertions.
35
+ 0 failures, 0 errors.
36
+ ```
37
+
38
+ Then submit the exercise using:
39
+
40
+ ```
41
+ $ exercism submit src/hello_world.clj
42
+ ```
43
+
44
+ For more detailed instructions and learning resources refer [exercism's clojure language page](http://exercism.io/languages/clojure).
45
+
46
+ ## Source
47
+
48
+ This is an exercise to introduce users to using Exercism [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Hello,_world!%22_program](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Hello,_world!%22_program)
49
+
50
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
51
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
1
+ # Hexadecimal
2
+
3
+ Convert a hexadecimal number, represented as a string (e.g. "10af8c"), to its decimal equivalent using first principles (i.e. no, you may not use built-in or external libraries to accomplish the conversion).
4
+
5
+ On the web we use hexadecimal to represent colors, e.g. green: 008000,
6
+ teal: 008080, navy: 000080).
7
+
8
+ The program should handle invalid hexadecimal strings.
9
+ ## Source
10
+
11
+ All of Computer Science [http://www.wolframalpha.com/examples/NumberBases.html](http://www.wolframalpha.com/examples/NumberBases.html)
12
+
13
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
14
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
1
+ # Isogram
2
+
3
+ Determine if a word or phrase is an isogram.
4
+
5
+ An isogram (also known as a "nonpattern word") is a word or phrase without a repeating letter.
6
+
7
+ Examples of isograms:
8
+
9
+ - lumberjacks
10
+ - background
11
+ - downstream
12
+
13
+ The word *isograms*, however, is not an isogram, because the s repeats.
14
+ ## Source
15
+
16
+ Wikipedia [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isogram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isogram)
17
+
18
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
19
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
1
+ # Kindergarten Garden
2
+
3
+ Given a diagram, determine which plants each child in the kindergarten class is
4
+ responsible for.
5
+
6
+ The kindergarten class is learning about growing plants. The teachers
7
+ thought it would be a good idea to give them actual seeds, plant them in
8
+ actual dirt, and grow actual plants.
9
+
10
+ They've chosen to grow grass, clover, radishes, and violets.
11
+
12
+ To this end, they've put little styrofoam cups along the window sills,
13
+ and planted one type of plant in each cup, choosing randomly from the
14
+ available types of seeds.
15
+
16
+ ```plain
17
+ [window][window][window]
18
+ ........................ # each dot represents a styrofoam cup
19
+ ........................
20
+ ```
21
+
22
+ There are 12 children in the class:
23
+
24
+ - Alice, Bob, Charlie, David,
25
+ - Eve, Fred, Ginny, Harriet,
26
+ - Ileana, Joseph, Kincaid, and Larry.
27
+
28
+ Each child gets 4 cups, two on each row. The children are assigned to
29
+ cups in alphabetical order.
30
+
31
+ The following diagram represents Alice's plants:
32
+
33
+ ```plain
34
+ [window][window][window]
35
+ VR......................
36
+ RG......................
37
+ ```
38
+
39
+ So in the row nearest the window, she has a violet and a radish; in the
40
+ row behind that, she has a radish and some grass.
41
+
42
+ Your program will be given the plants from left-to-right starting with
43
+ the row nearest the windows. From this, it should be able to determine
44
+ which plants belong to which students.
45
+
46
+ For example, if it's told that the garden looks like so:
47
+
48
+ ```plain
49
+ [window][window][window]
50
+ VRCGVVRVCGGCCGVRGCVCGCGV
51
+ VRCCCGCRRGVCGCRVVCVGCGCV
52
+ ```
53
+
54
+ Then if asked for Alice's plants, it should provide:
55
+
56
+ - Violets, radishes, violets, radishes
57
+
58
+ While asking for Bob's plants would yield:
59
+
60
+ - Clover, grass, clover, clover
61
+ ## Source
62
+
63
+ Random musings during airplane trip. [http://jumpstartlab.com](http://jumpstartlab.com)
64
+
65
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
66
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
1
+ # Largest Series Product
2
+
3
+ Given a string of digits, calculate the largest product for a contiguous
4
+ substring of digits of length n.
5
+
6
+ For example, for the input `'1027839564'`, the largest product for a
7
+ series of 3 digits is 270 (9 * 5 * 6), and the largest product for a
8
+ series of 5 digits is 7560 (7 * 8 * 3 * 9 * 5).
9
+
10
+ Note that these series are only required to occupy *adjacent positions*
11
+ in the input; the digits need not be *numerically consecutive*.
12
+
13
+ For the input `'73167176531330624919225119674426574742355349194934'`,
14
+ the largest product for a series of 6 digits is 23520.
15
+ ## Source
16
+
17
+ A variation on Problem 8 at Project Euler [http://projecteuler.net/problem=8](http://projecteuler.net/problem=8)
18
+
19
+ ## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
20
+ It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.