rails 4.2.0.beta4 → 4.2.0.rc1

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Files changed (230) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +4 -4
  2. data/guides/Rakefile +3 -1
  3. data/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb +2 -2
  4. data/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_master.rb +2 -2
  5. data/guides/source/3_0_release_notes.md +2 -2
  6. data/guides/source/4_1_release_notes.md +1 -1
  7. data/guides/source/4_2_release_notes.md +250 -225
  8. data/guides/source/_welcome.html.erb +1 -1
  9. data/guides/source/action_controller_overview.md +6 -6
  10. data/guides/source/action_mailer_basics.md +26 -11
  11. data/guides/source/action_view_overview.md +0 -1
  12. data/guides/source/active_job_basics.md +29 -23
  13. data/guides/source/active_record_postgresql.md +2 -7
  14. data/guides/source/active_record_validations.md +1 -0
  15. data/guides/source/active_support_core_extensions.md +1 -1
  16. data/guides/source/active_support_instrumentation.md +5 -5
  17. data/guides/source/asset_pipeline.md +2 -2
  18. data/guides/source/association_basics.md +0 -2
  19. data/guides/source/command_line.md +6 -15
  20. data/guides/source/configuring.md +4 -4
  21. data/guides/source/documents.yaml +0 -1
  22. data/guides/source/engines.md +26 -15
  23. data/guides/source/form_helpers.md +10 -2
  24. data/guides/source/getting_started.md +9 -9
  25. data/guides/source/rails_on_rack.md +2 -2
  26. data/guides/source/ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.md +1 -0
  27. data/guides/source/security.md +1 -1
  28. data/guides/source/testing.md +80 -13
  29. data/guides/source/upgrading_ruby_on_rails.md +23 -20
  30. metadata +29 -229
  31. data/guides/output/2_2_release_notes.html +0 -724
  32. data/guides/output/2_3_release_notes.html +0 -870
  33. data/guides/output/3_0_release_notes.html +0 -773
  34. data/guides/output/3_1_release_notes.html +0 -740
  35. data/guides/output/3_2_release_notes.html +0 -797
  36. data/guides/output/4_0_release_notes.html +0 -523
  37. data/guides/output/4_1_release_notes.html +0 -806
  38. data/guides/output/4_2_release_notes.html +0 -728
  39. data/guides/output/Gemfile +0 -6
  40. data/guides/output/_license.html +0 -226
  41. data/guides/output/_welcome.html +0 -233
  42. data/guides/output/action_controller_overview.html +0 -1335
  43. data/guides/output/action_mailer_basics.html +0 -928
  44. data/guides/output/action_view_overview.html +0 -1509
  45. data/guides/output/active_job_basics.html +0 -546
  46. data/guides/output/active_model_basics.html +0 -438
  47. data/guides/output/active_record_basics.html +0 -594
  48. data/guides/output/active_record_callbacks.html +0 -592
  49. data/guides/output/active_record_migrations.html +0 -1123
  50. data/guides/output/active_record_postgresql.html +0 -675
  51. data/guides/output/active_record_querying.html +0 -1796
  52. data/guides/output/active_record_validations.html +0 -1301
  53. data/guides/output/active_support_core_extensions.html +0 -3450
  54. data/guides/output/active_support_instrumentation.html +0 -1121
  55. data/guides/output/api_documentation_guidelines.html +0 -498
  56. data/guides/output/asset_pipeline.html +0 -1167
  57. data/guides/output/association_basics.html +0 -2086
  58. data/guides/output/caching_with_rails.html +0 -553
  59. data/guides/output/command_line.html +0 -791
  60. data/guides/output/configuring.html +0 -1055
  61. data/guides/output/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.html +0 -657
  62. data/guides/output/credits.html +0 -284
  63. data/guides/output/debugging_rails_applications.html +0 -1014
  64. data/guides/output/development_dependencies_install.html +0 -478
  65. data/guides/output/engines.html +0 -1438
  66. data/guides/output/form_helpers.html +0 -1074
  67. data/guides/output/generators.html +0 -838
  68. data/guides/output/getting_started.html +0 -2092
  69. data/guides/output/i18n.html +0 -1198
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  85. data/guides/output/images/getting_started/confirm_dialog.png +0 -0
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  161. data/guides/output/index.html +0 -354
  162. data/guides/output/initialization.html +0 -876
  163. data/guides/output/javascripts/guides.js +0 -59
  164. data/guides/output/javascripts/jquery.min.js +0 -4
  165. data/guides/output/javascripts/responsive-tables.js +0 -43
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  202. data/guides/output/security.html +0 -935
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- <h2>Rails nested model forms</h2><p>Creating a form for a model <em>and</em> its associations can become quite tedious. Therefore Rails provides helpers to assist in dealing with the complexities of generating these forms <em>and</em> the required CRUD operations to create, update, and destroy associations.</p><p>After reading this guide, you will know:</p>
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- <a href="#model-setup">Model setup</a>
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- <li><a href="#activerecord::base-model">ActiveRecord::Base model</a></li>
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- <a href="#views">Views</a>
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- <div class="note"><p>This guide assumes the user knows how to use the <a href="form_helpers.html">Rails form helpers</a> in general. Also, it's <strong>not</strong> an API reference. For a complete reference please visit <a href="http://api.rubyonrails.org/">the Rails API documentation</a>.</p></div><h3 id="model-setup">1 Model setup</h3><p>To be able to use the nested model functionality in your forms, the model will need to support some basic operations.</p><p>First of all, it needs to define a writer method for the attribute that corresponds to the association you are building a nested model form for. The <code>fields_for</code> form helper will look for this method to decide whether or not a nested model form should be built.</p><p>If the associated object is an array, a form builder will be yielded for each object, else only a single form builder will be yielded.</p><p>Consider a Person model with an associated Address. When asked to yield a nested FormBuilder for the <code>:address</code> attribute, the <code>fields_for</code> form helper will look for a method on the Person instance named <code>address_attributes=</code>.</p><h4 id="activerecord::base-model">1.1 ActiveRecord::Base model</h4><p>For an ActiveRecord::Base model and association this writer method is commonly defined with the <code>accepts_nested_attributes_for</code> class method:</p><h5 id="has_one">1.1.1 has_one</h5><div class="code_container">
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- class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
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- has_one :address
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- accepts_nested_attributes_for :address
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- end
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-
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- <h5 id="belongs_to">1.1.2 belongs_to</h5><div class="code_container">
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- class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
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- belongs_to :firm
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- accepts_nested_attributes_for :firm
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- end
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- <h5 id="has_many-/-has_and_belongs_to_many">1.1.3 has_many / has_and_belongs_to_many</h5><div class="code_container">
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- class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
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- has_many :projects
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- accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects
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- end
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- <h4 id="custom-model">1.2 Custom model</h4><p>As you might have inflected from this explanation, you <em>don't</em> necessarily need an ActiveRecord::Base model to use this functionality. The following examples are sufficient to enable the nested model form behavior:</p><h5 id="single-associated-object">1.2.1 Single associated object</h5><div class="code_container">
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- class Person
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- Address.new
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- def address_attributes=(attributes)
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- # ...
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- <h5 id="association-collection">1.2.2 Association collection</h5><div class="code_container">
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- class Person
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- [Project.new, Project.new]
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- end
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- def projects_attributes=(attributes)
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- # ...
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- end
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- end
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- </pre>
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- <div class="note"><p>See (TODO) in the advanced section for more information on how to deal with the CRUD operations in your custom model.</p></div><h3 id="views">2 Views</h3><h4 id="controller-code">2.1 Controller code</h4><p>A nested model form will <em>only</em> be built if the associated object(s) exist. This means that for a new model instance you would probably want to build the associated object(s) first.</p><p>Consider the following typical RESTful controller which will prepare a new Person instance and its <code>address</code> and <code>projects</code> associations before rendering the <code>new</code> template:</p><div class="code_container">
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- class PeopleController &lt; ApplicationController
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- def new
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- @person = Person.new
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- @person.built_address
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- 2.times { @person.projects.build }
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- def create
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- # ...
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- end
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- end
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <div class="note"><p>Obviously the instantiation of the associated object(s) can become tedious and not DRY, so you might want to move that into the model itself. ActiveRecord::Base provides an <code>after_initialize</code> callback which is a good way to refactor this.</p></div><h4 id="form-code">2.2 Form code</h4><p>Now that you have a model instance, with the appropriate methods and associated object(s), you can start building the nested model form.</p><h5 id="standard-form">2.2.1 Standard form</h5><p>Start out with a regular RESTful form:</p><div class="code_container">
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- &lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
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- &lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
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- &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
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- &lt;/form&gt;
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <h5 id="nested-form-for-a-single-associated-object">2.2.2 Nested form for a single associated object</h5><p>Now add a nested form for the <code>address</code> association:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; html-script: true; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- &lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
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- &lt;%= f.text_field :name %&gt;
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-
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- &lt;%= f.fields_for :address do |af| %&gt;
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- &lt;%= af.text_field :street %&gt;
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- &lt;% end %&gt;
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- &lt;% end %&gt;
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- <p>This generates:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: xml; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- &lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
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- &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
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- &lt;input id="person_address_attributes_street" name="person[address_attributes][street]" type="text" /&gt;
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- &lt;/form&gt;
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>Notice that <code>fields_for</code> recognized the <code>address</code> as an association for which a nested model form should be built by the way it has namespaced the <code>name</code> attribute.</p><p>When this form is posted the Rails parameter parser will construct a hash like the following:</p><div class="code_container">
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- {
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- "person" =&gt; {
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- "name" =&gt; "Eloy Duran",
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- }
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- }
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- <p>That's it. The controller will simply pass this hash on to the model from the <code>create</code> action. The model will then handle building the <code>address</code> association for you and automatically save it when the parent (<code>person</code>) is saved.</p><h5 id="nested-form-for-a-collection-of-associated-objects">2.2.3 Nested form for a collection of associated objects</h5><p>The form code for an association collection is pretty similar to that of a single associated object:</p><div class="code_container">
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- &lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
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- &lt;%= f.text_field :name %&gt;
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- &lt;%= f.fields_for :projects do |pf| %&gt;
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- &lt;%= pf.text_field :name %&gt;
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- &lt;% end %&gt;
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- &lt;% end %&gt;
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>Which generates:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: xml; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- &lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
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- &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
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-
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- &lt;input id="person_projects_attributes_0_name" name="person[projects_attributes][0][name]" type="text" /&gt;
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- &lt;input id="person_projects_attributes_1_name" name="person[projects_attributes][1][name]" type="text" /&gt;
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- &lt;/form&gt;
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>As you can see it has generated 2 <code>project name</code> inputs, one for each new <code>project</code> that was built in the controller's <code>new</code> action. Only this time the <code>name</code> attribute of the input contains a digit as an extra namespace. This will be parsed by the Rails parameter parser as:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- {
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- "person" =&gt; {
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- "name" =&gt; "Eloy Duran",
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- "projects_attributes" =&gt; {
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- "0" =&gt; { "name" =&gt; "Project 1" },
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- "1" =&gt; { "name" =&gt; "Project 2" }
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- }
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- }
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- <p>You can basically see the <code>projects_attributes</code> hash as an array of attribute hashes, one for each model instance.</p><div class="note"><p>The reason that <code>fields_for</code> constructed a hash instead of an array is that it won't work for any form nested deeper than one level deep.</p></div><div class="info"><p>You <em>can</em> however pass an array to the writer method generated by <code>accepts_nested_attributes_for</code> if you're using plain Ruby or some other API access. See (TODO) for more info and example.</p></div>
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79
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- <optgroup label="Controllers">
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- <option value="routing.html">Rails Routing from the Outside In</option>
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- <optgroup label="Digging Deeper">
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- </div>
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- </div>
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- <hr class="hide" />
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-
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- <div id="feature">
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- <div class="wrapper">
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- <h2>The Basics of Creating Rails Plugins</h2><p>A Rails plugin is either an extension or a modification of the core framework. Plugins provide:</p>
165
- <ul>
166
- <li>A way for developers to share bleeding-edge ideas without hurting the stable code base.</li>
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- <li>A segmented architecture so that units of code can be fixed or updated on their own release schedule.</li>
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- <li>An outlet for the core developers so that they don&#39;t have to include every cool new feature under the sun.</li>
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- </ul>
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- <p>After reading this guide, you will know:</p>
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- <ul>
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- <li>How to create a plugin from scratch.</li>
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- <li>How to write and run tests for the plugin.</li>
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- </ul>
175
- <p>This guide describes how to build a test-driven plugin that will:</p>
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- <ul>
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- <li>Extend core Ruby classes like Hash and String.</li>
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- <li>Add methods to <code>ActiveRecord::Base</code> in the tradition of the <code>acts_as</code> plugins.</li>
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- <li>Give you information about where to put generators in your plugin.</li>
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- </ul>
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- <p>For the purpose of this guide pretend for a moment that you are an avid bird watcher.
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- Your favorite bird is the Yaffle, and you want to create a plugin that allows other developers to share in the Yaffle
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- goodness.</p>
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-
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- <div id="subCol">
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- <h3 class="chapter"><img src="images/chapters_icon.gif" alt="" />Chapters</h3>
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- <ol class="chapters">
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- <li>
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- <a href="#setup">Setup</a>
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-
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="#generate-a-gemified-plugin.">Generate a gemified plugin.</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- </li>
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- <li><a href="#testing-your-newly-generated-plugin">Testing Your Newly Generated Plugin</a></li>
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- <li><a href="#extending-core-classes">Extending Core Classes</a></li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#add-an-%22acts_as%22-method-to-active-record">Add an "acts_as" Method to Active Record</a>
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-
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="#add-a-class-method">Add a Class Method</a></li>
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- <li><a href="#add-an-instance-method">Add an Instance Method</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- </li>
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- <li><a href="#generators">Generators</a></li>
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- <li><a href="#publishing-your-gem">Publishing Your Gem</a></li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="#rdoc-documentation">RDoc Documentation</a>
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-
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="#references">References</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- </li>
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- </ol>
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-
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- </div>
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-
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- </div>
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- </div>
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-
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- <div id="container">
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- <div class="wrapper">
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- <div id="mainCol">
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- <h3 id="setup">1 Setup</h3><p>Currently, Rails plugins are built as gems, <em>gemified plugins</em>. They can be shared across
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- different rails applications using RubyGems and Bundler if desired.</p><h4 id="generate-a-gemified-plugin.">1.1 Generate a gemified plugin.</h4><p>Rails ships with a <code>rails plugin new</code> command which creates a
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- skeleton for developing any kind of Rails extension with the ability
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- to run integration tests using a dummy Rails application. Create your
228
- plugin with the command:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- $ bin/rails plugin new yaffle
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>See usage and options by asking for help:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- $ bin/rails plugin new --help
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <h3 id="testing-your-newly-generated-plugin">2 Testing Your Newly Generated Plugin</h3><p>You can navigate to the directory that contains the plugin, run the <code>bundle install</code> command
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- and run the one generated test using the <code>rake</code> command.</p><p>You should see:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- 1 runs, 1 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>This will tell you that everything got generated properly and you are ready to start adding functionality.</p><h3 id="extending-core-classes">3 Extending Core Classes</h3><p>This section will explain how to add a method to String that will be available anywhere in your rails application.</p><p>In this example you will add a method to String named <code>to_squawk</code>. To begin, create a new test file with a few assertions:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- # yaffle/test/core_ext_test.rb
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-
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- require 'test_helper'
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-
253
- class CoreExtTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
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- def test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk
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- assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", "Hello World".to_squawk
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- end
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- end
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-
259
- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>Run <code>rake</code> to run the test. This test should fail because we haven't implemented the <code>to_squawk</code> method:</p><div class="code_container">
262
- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
263
- 1) Error:
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- CoreExtTest#test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk:
265
- NoMethodError: undefined method `to_squawk' for "Hello World":String
266
- /path/to/yaffle/test/core_ext_test.rb:5:in `test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk'
267
-
268
- </pre>
269
- </div>
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- <p>Great - now you are ready to start development.</p><p>In <code>lib/yaffle.rb</code>, add <code>require 'yaffle/core_ext'</code>:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- # yaffle/lib/yaffle.rb
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-
274
- require 'yaffle/core_ext'
275
-
276
- module Yaffle
277
- end
278
-
279
- </pre>
280
- </div>
281
- <p>Finally, create the <code>core_ext.rb</code> file and add the <code>to_squawk</code> method:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- # yaffle/lib/yaffle/core_ext.rb
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-
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- String.class_eval do
286
- def to_squawk
287
- "squawk! #{self}".strip
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- end
289
- end
290
-
291
- </pre>
292
- </div>
293
- <p>To test that your method does what it says it does, run the unit tests with <code>rake</code> from your plugin directory.</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- 2 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
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-
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- </pre>
298
- </div>
299
- <p>To see this in action, change to the test/dummy directory, fire up a console and start squawking:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
301
- $ bin/rails console
302
- &gt;&gt; "Hello World".to_squawk
303
- =&gt; "squawk! Hello World"
304
-
305
- </pre>
306
- </div>
307
- <h3 id='add-an-"acts_as"-method-to-active-record'>4 Add an "acts_as" Method to Active Record</h3><p>A common pattern in plugins is to add a method called <code>acts_as_something</code> to models. In this case, you
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- want to write a method called <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> that adds a <code>squawk</code> method to your Active Record models.</p><p>To begin, set up your files so that you have:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
310
- # yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
311
-
312
- require 'test_helper'
313
-
314
- class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
315
- end
316
-
317
- </pre>
318
- </div>
319
- <div class="code_container">
320
- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
321
- # yaffle/lib/yaffle.rb
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-
323
- require 'yaffle/core_ext'
324
- require 'yaffle/acts_as_yaffle'
325
-
326
- module Yaffle
327
- end
328
-
329
- </pre>
330
- </div>
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- <div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
333
- # yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
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-
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- module Yaffle
336
- module ActsAsYaffle
337
- # your code will go here
338
- end
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- end
340
-
341
- </pre>
342
- </div>
343
- <h4 id="add-a-class-method">4.1 Add a Class Method</h4><p>This plugin will expect that you've added a method to your model named <code>last_squawk</code>. However, the
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- plugin users might have already defined a method on their model named <code>last_squawk</code> that they use
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- for something else. This plugin will allow the name to be changed by adding a class method called <code>yaffle_text_field</code>.</p><p>To start out, write a failing test that shows the behavior you'd like:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
347
- # yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
348
-
349
- require 'test_helper'
350
-
351
- class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
352
-
353
- def test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk
354
- assert_equal "last_squawk", Hickwall.yaffle_text_field
355
- end
356
-
357
- def test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet
358
- assert_equal "last_tweet", Wickwall.yaffle_text_field
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- end
360
-
361
- end
362
-
363
- </pre>
364
- </div>
365
- <p>When you run <code>rake</code>, you should see the following:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- 1) Error:
368
- ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk:
369
- NameError: uninitialized constant ActsAsYaffleTest::Hickwall
370
- /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:6:in `test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk'
371
-
372
- 2) Error:
373
- ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet:
374
- NameError: uninitialized constant ActsAsYaffleTest::Wickwall
375
- /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:10:in `test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet'
376
-
377
- 4 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 2 errors, 0 skips
378
-
379
- </pre>
380
- </div>
381
- <p>This tells us that we don't have the necessary models (Hickwall and Wickwall) that we are trying to test.
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- We can easily generate these models in our "dummy" Rails application by running the following commands from the
383
- test/dummy directory:</p><div class="code_container">
384
- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
385
- $ cd test/dummy
386
- $ bin/rails generate model Hickwall last_squawk:string
387
- $ bin/rails generate model Wickwall last_squawk:string last_tweet:string
388
-
389
- </pre>
390
- </div>
391
- <p>Now you can create the necessary database tables in your testing database by navigating to your dummy app
392
- and migrating the database. First, run:</p><div class="code_container">
393
- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
394
- $ cd test/dummy
395
- $ bin/rake db:migrate
396
-
397
- </pre>
398
- </div>
399
- <p>While you are here, change the Hickwall and Wickwall models so that they know that they are supposed to act
400
- like yaffles.</p><div class="code_container">
401
- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
402
- # test/dummy/app/models/hickwall.rb
403
-
404
- class Hickwall &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
405
- acts_as_yaffle
406
- end
407
-
408
- # test/dummy/app/models/wickwall.rb
409
-
410
- class Wickwall &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
411
- acts_as_yaffle yaffle_text_field: :last_tweet
412
- end
413
-
414
-
415
- </pre>
416
- </div>
417
- <p>We will also add code to define the <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> method.</p><div class="code_container">
418
- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
419
- # yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
420
- module Yaffle
421
- module ActsAsYaffle
422
- extend ActiveSupport::Concern
423
-
424
- included do
425
- end
426
-
427
- module ClassMethods
428
- def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
429
- # your code will go here
430
- end
431
- end
432
- end
433
- end
434
-
435
- ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
436
-
437
- </pre>
438
- </div>
439
- <p>You can then return to the root directory (<code>cd ../..</code>) of your plugin and rerun the tests using <code>rake</code>.</p><div class="code_container">
440
- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
441
- 1) Error:
442
- ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk:
443
- NoMethodError: undefined method `yaffle_text_field' for #&lt;Class:0x007fd105e3b218&gt;
444
- activerecord (4.1.5) lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing'
445
- /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:6:in `test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk'
446
-
447
- 2) Error:
448
- ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet:
449
- NoMethodError: undefined method `yaffle_text_field' for #&lt;Class:0x007fd105e409c0&gt;
450
- activerecord (4.1.5) lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing'
451
- /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:10:in `test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet'
452
-
453
- 4 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 2 errors, 0 skips
454
-
455
-
456
- </pre>
457
- </div>
458
- <p>Getting closer... Now we will implement the code of the <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> method to make the tests pass.</p><div class="code_container">
459
- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
460
- # yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
461
-
462
- module Yaffle
463
- module ActsAsYaffle
464
- extend ActiveSupport::Concern
465
-
466
- included do
467
- end
468
-
469
- module ClassMethods
470
- def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
471
- cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field
472
- self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s
473
- end
474
- end
475
- end
476
- end
477
-
478
- ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
479
-
480
- </pre>
481
- </div>
482
- <p>When you run <code>rake</code>, you should see the tests all pass:</p><div class="code_container">
483
- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
484
- 4 runs, 4 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
485
-
486
- </pre>
487
- </div>
488
- <h4 id="add-an-instance-method">4.2 Add an Instance Method</h4><p>This plugin will add a method named 'squawk' to any Active Record object that calls 'acts_as_yaffle'. The 'squawk'
489
- method will simply set the value of one of the fields in the database.</p><p>To start out, write a failing test that shows the behavior you'd like:</p><div class="code_container">
490
- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
491
- # yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
492
- require 'test_helper'
493
-
494
- class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
495
-
496
- def test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk
497
- assert_equal "last_squawk", Hickwall.yaffle_text_field
498
- end
499
-
500
- def test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet
501
- assert_equal "last_tweet", Wickwall.yaffle_text_field
502
- end
503
-
504
- def test_hickwalls_squawk_should_populate_last_squawk
505
- hickwall = Hickwall.new
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- hickwall.squawk("Hello World")
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- assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", hickwall.last_squawk
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- end
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-
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- def test_wickwalls_squawk_should_populate_last_tweet
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- wickwall = Wickwall.new
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- wickwall.squawk("Hello World")
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- assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", wickwall.last_tweet
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- end
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- end
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>Run the test to make sure the last two tests fail with an error that contains "NoMethodError: undefined method `squawk'",
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- then update 'acts_as_yaffle.rb' to look like this:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- # yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
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-
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- module Yaffle
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- module ActsAsYaffle
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- extend ActiveSupport::Concern
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-
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- included do
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- end
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-
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- module ClassMethods
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- def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
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- cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field
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- self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s
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-
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- include Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle::LocalInstanceMethods
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- end
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- end
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-
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- module LocalInstanceMethods
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- def squawk(string)
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- write_attribute(self.class.yaffle_text_field, string.to_squawk)
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- end
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- end
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- end
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- end
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-
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- ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>Run <code>rake</code> one final time and you should see:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- 6 runs, 6 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <div class="note"><p>The use of <code>write_attribute</code> to write to the field in model is just one example of how a plugin can interact with the model, and will not always be the right method to use. For example, you could also use:</p></div><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- send("#{self.class.yaffle_text_field}=", string.to_squawk)
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <h3 id="generators">5 Generators</h3><p>Generators can be included in your gem simply by creating them in a lib/generators directory of your plugin. More information about
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- the creation of generators can be found in the <a href="generators.html">Generators Guide</a></p><h3 id="publishing-your-gem">6 Publishing Your Gem</h3><p>Gem plugins currently in development can easily be shared from any Git repository. To share the Yaffle gem with others, simply
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- commit the code to a Git repository (like GitHub) and add a line to the Gemfile of the application in question:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
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- gem 'yaffle', git: 'git://github.com/yaffle_watcher/yaffle.git'
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <p>After running <code>bundle install</code>, your gem functionality will be available to the application.</p><p>When the gem is ready to be shared as a formal release, it can be published to <a href="http://www.rubygems.org">RubyGems</a>.
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- For more information about publishing gems to RubyGems, see: <a href="http://blog.thepete.net/2010/11/creating-and-publishing-your-first-ruby.html">Creating and Publishing Your First Ruby Gem</a>.</p><h3 id="rdoc-documentation">7 RDoc Documentation</h3><p>Once your plugin is stable and you are ready to deploy, do everyone else a favor and document it! Luckily, writing documentation for your plugin is easy.</p><p>The first step is to update the README file with detailed information about how to use your plugin. A few key things to include are:</p>
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- <ul>
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- <li>Your name</li>
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- <li>How to install</li>
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- <li>How to add the functionality to the app (several examples of common use cases)</li>
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- <li>Warnings, gotchas or tips that might help users and save them time</li>
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- </ul>
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- <p>Once your README is solid, go through and add rdoc comments to all of the methods that developers will use. It's also customary to add '#:nodoc:' comments to those parts of the code that are not included in the public API.</p><p>Once your comments are good to go, navigate to your plugin directory and run:</p><div class="code_container">
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- <pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
582
- $ bin/rake rdoc
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-
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- </pre>
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- </div>
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- <h4 id="references">7.1 References</h4>
587
- <ul>
588
- <li><a href="https://github.com/radar/guides/blob/master/gem-development.md">Developing a RubyGem using Bundler</a></li>
589
- <li><a href="http://yehudakatz.com/2010/04/02/using-gemspecs-as-intended/">Using .gemspecs as Intended</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://guides.rubygems.org/specification-reference/">Gemspec Reference</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.intridea.com/blog/2008/6/11/gemplugins-a-brief-introduction-to-the-future-of-rails-plugins">GemPlugins: A Brief Introduction to the Future of Rails Plugins</a></li>
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- </ul>
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-
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-
595
- <h3>Feedback</h3>
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- <p>
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- You're encouraged to help improve the quality of this guide.
598
- </p>
599
- <p>
600
- Please contribute if you see any typos or factual errors.
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- To get started, you can read our <a href="http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.html#contributing-to-the-rails-documentation">documentation contributions</a> section.
602
- </p>
603
- <p>
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- You may also find incomplete content, or stuff that is not up to date.
605
- Please do add any missing documentation for master. Make sure to check
606
- <a href="http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org">Edge Guides</a> first to verify
607
- if the issues are already fixed or not on the master branch.
608
- Check the <a href="ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.html">Ruby on Rails Guides Guidelines</a>
609
- for style and conventions.
610
- </p>
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- <p>
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- If for whatever reason you spot something to fix but cannot patch it yourself, please
613
- <a href="https://github.com/rails/rails/issues">open an issue</a>.
614
- </p>
615
- <p>And last but not least, any kind of discussion regarding Ruby on Rails
616
- documentation is very welcome in the <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-docs">rubyonrails-docs mailing list</a>.
617
- </p>
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- </div>
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