RubyGems - rails - Versions diffs - 4.2.0.beta4 → 4.2.0.rc1 - Mend

rails 4.2.0.beta4 → 4.2.0.rc1

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.

Files changed (230) hide show

checksums.yaml +4 -4
data/guides/Rakefile +3 -1
data/guides/bug_report_templates/action_controller_gem.rb +2 -2
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-  <hr class="hide" />
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-    <div class="wrapper">
-      <h2>Rails nested model forms</h2><p>Creating a form for a model <em>and</em> its associations can become quite tedious. Therefore Rails provides helpers to assist in dealing with the complexities of generating these forms <em>and</em> the required CRUD operations to create, update, and destroy associations.</p><p>After reading this guide, you will know:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>do stuff.</li>
-</ul>
-                <div id="subCol">
-            <h3 class="chapter"><img src="images/chapters_icon.gif" alt="" />Chapters</h3>
-            <ol class="chapters">
-<li>
-<a href="#model-setup">Model setup</a>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#activerecord::base-model">ActiveRecord::Base model</a></li>
-<li><a href="#custom-model">Custom model</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-<li>
-<a href="#views">Views</a>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#controller-code">Controller code</a></li>
-<li><a href="#form-code">Form code</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ol>
-          </div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-  <div id="container">
-    <div class="wrapper">
-      <div id="mainCol">
-        <div class="note"><p>This guide assumes the user knows how to use the <a href="form_helpers.html">Rails form helpers</a> in general. Also, it's <strong>not</strong> an API reference. For a complete reference please visit <a href="http://api.rubyonrails.org/">the Rails API documentation</a>.</p></div><h3 id="model-setup">1 Model setup</h3><p>To be able to use the nested model functionality in your forms, the model will need to support some basic operations.</p><p>First of all, it needs to define a writer method for the attribute that corresponds to the association you are building a nested model form for. The <code>fields_for</code> form helper will look for this method to decide whether or not a nested model form should be built.</p><p>If the associated object is an array, a form builder will be yielded for each object, else only a single form builder will be yielded.</p><p>Consider a Person model with an associated Address. When asked to yield a nested FormBuilder for the <code>:address</code> attribute, the <code>fields_for</code> form helper will look for a method on the Person instance named <code>address_attributes=</code>.</p><h4 id="activerecord::base-model">1.1 ActiveRecord::Base model</h4><p>For an ActiveRecord::Base model and association this writer method is commonly defined with the <code>accepts_nested_attributes_for</code> class method:</p><h5 id="has_one">1.1.1 has_one</h5><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
-  has_one :address
-  accepts_nested_attributes_for :address
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h5 id="belongs_to">1.1.2 belongs_to</h5><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
-  belongs_to :firm
-  accepts_nested_attributes_for :firm
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h5 id="has_many-/-has_and_belongs_to_many">1.1.3 has_many / has_and_belongs_to_many</h5><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class Person &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
-  has_many :projects
-  accepts_nested_attributes_for :projects
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h4 id="custom-model">1.2 Custom model</h4><p>As you might have inflected from this explanation, you <em>don't</em> necessarily need an ActiveRecord::Base model to use this functionality. The following examples are sufficient to enable the nested model form behavior:</p><h5 id="single-associated-object">1.2.1 Single associated object</h5><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class Person
-  def address
-    Address.new
-  end
-  def address_attributes=(attributes)
-    # ...
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h5 id="association-collection">1.2.2 Association collection</h5><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class Person
-  def projects
-    [Project.new, Project.new]
-  end
-  def projects_attributes=(attributes)
-    # ...
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<div class="note"><p>See (TODO) in the advanced section for more information on how to deal with the CRUD operations in your custom model.</p></div><h3 id="views">2 Views</h3><h4 id="controller-code">2.1 Controller code</h4><p>A nested model form will <em>only</em> be built if the associated object(s) exist. This means that for a new model instance you would probably want to build the associated object(s) first.</p><p>Consider the following typical RESTful controller which will prepare a new Person instance and its <code>address</code> and <code>projects</code> associations before rendering the <code>new</code> template:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-class PeopleController &lt; ApplicationController
-  def new
-    @person = Person.new
-    @person.built_address
-    2.times { @person.projects.build }
-  end
-  def create
-    @person = Person.new(params[:person])
-    if @person.save
-      # ...
-    end
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<div class="note"><p>Obviously the instantiation of the associated object(s) can become tedious and not DRY, so you might want to move that into the model itself. ActiveRecord::Base provides an <code>after_initialize</code> callback which is a good way to refactor this.</p></div><h4 id="form-code">2.2 Form code</h4><p>Now that you have a model instance, with the appropriate methods and associated object(s), you can start building the nested model form.</p><h5 id="standard-form">2.2.1 Standard form</h5><p>Start out with a regular RESTful form:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; html-script: true; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
-  &lt;%= f.text_field :name %&gt;
-&lt;% end %&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>This will generate the following html:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: xml; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
-&lt;/form&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h5 id="nested-form-for-a-single-associated-object">2.2.2 Nested form for a single associated object</h5><p>Now add a nested form for the <code>address</code> association:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; html-script: true; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
-  &lt;%= f.text_field :name %&gt;
-  &lt;%= f.fields_for :address do |af| %&gt;
-    &lt;%= af.text_field :street %&gt;
-  &lt;% end %&gt;
-&lt;% end %&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>This generates:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: xml; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_address_attributes_street" name="person[address_attributes][street]" type="text" /&gt;
-&lt;/form&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Notice that <code>fields_for</code> recognized the <code>address</code> as an association for which a nested model form should be built by the way it has namespaced the <code>name</code> attribute.</p><p>When this form is posted the Rails parameter parser will construct a hash like the following:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-{
-  "person" =&gt; {
-    "name" =&gt; "Eloy Duran",
-    "address_attributes" =&gt; {
-      "street" =&gt; "Nieuwe Prinsengracht"
-    }
-  }
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>That's it. The controller will simply pass this hash on to the model from the <code>create</code> action. The model will then handle building the <code>address</code> association for you and automatically save it when the parent (<code>person</code>) is saved.</p><h5 id="nested-form-for-a-collection-of-associated-objects">2.2.3 Nested form for a collection of associated objects</h5><p>The form code for an association collection is pretty similar to that of a single associated object:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; html-script: true; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;%= form_for @person do |f| %&gt;
-  &lt;%= f.text_field :name %&gt;
-  &lt;%= f.fields_for :projects do |pf| %&gt;
-    &lt;%= pf.text_field :name %&gt;
-  &lt;% end %&gt;
-&lt;% end %&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Which generates:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: xml; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-&lt;form action="/people" class="new_person" id="new_person" method="post"&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_name" name="person[name]" type="text" /&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_projects_attributes_0_name" name="person[projects_attributes][0][name]" type="text" /&gt;
-  &lt;input id="person_projects_attributes_1_name" name="person[projects_attributes][1][name]" type="text" /&gt;
-&lt;/form&gt;
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>As you can see it has generated 2 <code>project name</code> inputs, one for each new <code>project</code> that was built in the controller's <code>new</code> action. Only this time the <code>name</code> attribute of the input contains a digit as an extra namespace. This will be parsed by the Rails parameter parser as:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-{
-  "person" =&gt; {
-    "name" =&gt; "Eloy Duran",
-    "projects_attributes" =&gt; {
-      "0" =&gt; { "name" =&gt; "Project 1" },
-      "1" =&gt; { "name" =&gt; "Project 2" }
-    }
-  }
-}
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>You can basically see the <code>projects_attributes</code> hash as an array of attribute hashes, one for each model instance.</p><div class="note"><p>The reason that <code>fields_for</code> constructed a hash instead of an array is that it won't work for any form nested deeper than one level deep.</p></div><div class="info"><p>You <em>can</em> however pass an array to the writer method generated by <code>accepts_nested_attributes_for</code> if you're using plain Ruby or some other API access. See (TODO) for more info and example.</p></div>
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-          If for whatever reason you spot something to fix but cannot patch it yourself, please
-          <a href="https://github.com/rails/rails/issues">open an issue</a>.
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-    <div class="wrapper">
-      <h2>The Basics of Creating Rails Plugins</h2><p>A Rails plugin is either an extension or a modification of the core framework. Plugins provide:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>A way for developers to share bleeding-edge ideas without hurting the stable code base.</li>
-<li>A segmented architecture so that units of code can be fixed or updated on their own release schedule.</li>
-<li>An outlet for the core developers so that they don&#39;t have to include every cool new feature under the sun.</li>
-</ul>
-<p>After reading this guide, you will know:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>How to create a plugin from scratch.</li>
-<li>How to write and run tests for the plugin.</li>
-</ul>
-<p>This guide describes how to build a test-driven plugin that will:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Extend core Ruby classes like Hash and String.</li>
-<li>Add methods to <code>ActiveRecord::Base</code> in the tradition of the <code>acts_as</code> plugins.</li>
-<li>Give you information about where to put generators in your plugin.</li>
-</ul>
-<p>For the purpose of this guide pretend for a moment that you are an avid bird watcher.
-Your favorite bird is the Yaffle, and you want to create a plugin that allows other developers to share in the Yaffle
-goodness.</p>
-                <div id="subCol">
-            <h3 class="chapter"><img src="images/chapters_icon.gif" alt="" />Chapters</h3>
-            <ol class="chapters">
-<li>
-<a href="#setup">Setup</a>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#generate-a-gemified-plugin.">Generate a gemified plugin.</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-<li><a href="#testing-your-newly-generated-plugin">Testing Your Newly Generated Plugin</a></li>
-<li><a href="#extending-core-classes">Extending Core Classes</a></li>
-<li>
-<a href="#add-an-%22acts_as%22-method-to-active-record">Add an "acts_as" Method to Active Record</a>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#add-a-class-method">Add a Class Method</a></li>
-<li><a href="#add-an-instance-method">Add an Instance Method</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-<li><a href="#generators">Generators</a></li>
-<li><a href="#publishing-your-gem">Publishing Your Gem</a></li>
-<li>
-<a href="#rdoc-documentation">RDoc Documentation</a>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#references">References</a></li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ol>
-          </div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-  <div id="container">
-    <div class="wrapper">
-      <div id="mainCol">
-        <h3 id="setup">1 Setup</h3><p>Currently, Rails plugins are built as gems, <em>gemified plugins</em>. They can be shared across
-different rails applications using RubyGems and Bundler if desired.</p><h4 id="generate-a-gemified-plugin.">1.1 Generate a gemified plugin.</h4><p>Rails ships with a <code>rails plugin new</code> command which creates a
-skeleton for developing any kind of Rails extension with the ability
-to run integration tests using a dummy Rails application. Create your
-plugin with the command:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ bin/rails plugin new yaffle
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>See usage and options by asking for help:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ bin/rails plugin new --help
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h3 id="testing-your-newly-generated-plugin">2 Testing Your Newly Generated Plugin</h3><p>You can navigate to the directory that contains the plugin, run the <code>bundle install</code> command
- and run the one generated test using the <code>rake</code> command.</p><p>You should see:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-  1 runs, 1 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>This will tell you that everything got generated properly and you are ready to start adding functionality.</p><h3 id="extending-core-classes">3 Extending Core Classes</h3><p>This section will explain how to add a method to String that will be available anywhere in your rails application.</p><p>In this example you will add a method to String named <code>to_squawk</code>. To begin, create a new test file with a few assertions:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/test/core_ext_test.rb
-require 'test_helper'
-class CoreExtTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk
-    assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", "Hello World".to_squawk
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Run <code>rake</code> to run the test. This test should fail because we haven't implemented the <code>to_squawk</code> method:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-    1) Error:
-  CoreExtTest#test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk:
-  NoMethodError: undefined method `to_squawk' for "Hello World":String
-    /path/to/yaffle/test/core_ext_test.rb:5:in `test_to_squawk_prepends_the_word_squawk'
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Great - now you are ready to start development.</p><p>In <code>lib/yaffle.rb</code>, add <code>require 'yaffle/core_ext'</code>:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle.rb
-require 'yaffle/core_ext'
-module Yaffle
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Finally, create the <code>core_ext.rb</code> file and add the <code>to_squawk</code> method:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle/core_ext.rb
-String.class_eval do
-  def to_squawk
-    "squawk! #{self}".strip
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>To test that your method does what it says it does, run the unit tests with <code>rake</code> from your plugin directory.</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-  2 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>To see this in action, change to the test/dummy directory, fire up a console and start squawking:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ bin/rails console
-&gt;&gt; "Hello World".to_squawk
-=&gt; "squawk! Hello World"
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h3 id='add-an-"acts_as"-method-to-active-record'>4 Add an "acts_as" Method to Active Record</h3><p>A common pattern in plugins is to add a method called <code>acts_as_something</code> to models. In this case, you
-want to write a method called <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> that adds a <code>squawk</code> method to your Active Record models.</p><p>To begin, set up your files so that you have:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
-require 'test_helper'
-class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle.rb
-require 'yaffle/core_ext'
-require 'yaffle/acts_as_yaffle'
-module Yaffle
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
-module Yaffle
-  module ActsAsYaffle
-    # your code will go here
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h4 id="add-a-class-method">4.1 Add a Class Method</h4><p>This plugin will expect that you've added a method to your model named <code>last_squawk</code>. However, the
-plugin users might have already defined a method on their model named <code>last_squawk</code> that they use
-for something else. This plugin will allow the name to be changed by adding a class method called <code>yaffle_text_field</code>.</p><p>To start out, write a failing test that shows the behavior you'd like:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
-require 'test_helper'
-class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk
-    assert_equal "last_squawk", Hickwall.yaffle_text_field
-  end
-  def test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet
-    assert_equal "last_tweet", Wickwall.yaffle_text_field
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>When you run <code>rake</code>, you should see the following:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-    1) Error:
-  ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk:
-  NameError: uninitialized constant ActsAsYaffleTest::Hickwall
-    /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:6:in `test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk'
-    2) Error:
-  ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet:
-  NameError: uninitialized constant ActsAsYaffleTest::Wickwall
-    /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:10:in `test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet'
-  4 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 2 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>This tells us that we don't have the necessary models (Hickwall and Wickwall) that we are trying to test.
-We can easily generate these models in our "dummy" Rails application by running the following commands from the
-test/dummy directory:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ cd test/dummy
-$ bin/rails generate model Hickwall last_squawk:string
-$ bin/rails generate model Wickwall last_squawk:string last_tweet:string
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Now you can create the necessary database tables in your testing database by navigating to your dummy app
-and migrating the database. First, run:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ cd test/dummy
-$ bin/rake db:migrate
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>While you are here, change the Hickwall and Wickwall models so that they know that they are supposed to act
-like yaffles.</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# test/dummy/app/models/hickwall.rb
-class Hickwall &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
-  acts_as_yaffle
-end
-# test/dummy/app/models/wickwall.rb
-class Wickwall &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
-  acts_as_yaffle yaffle_text_field: :last_tweet
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>We will also add code to define the <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> method.</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
-module Yaffle
-  module ActsAsYaffle
-    extend ActiveSupport::Concern
-    included do
-    end
-    module ClassMethods
-      def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
-        # your code will go here
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>You can then return to the root directory (<code>cd ../..</code>) of your plugin and rerun the tests using <code>rake</code>.</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-    1) Error:
-  ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk:
-  NoMethodError: undefined method `yaffle_text_field' for #&lt;Class:0x007fd105e3b218&gt;
-    activerecord (4.1.5) lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing'
-    /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:6:in `test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk'
-    2) Error:
-  ActsAsYaffleTest#test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet:
-  NoMethodError: undefined method `yaffle_text_field' for #&lt;Class:0x007fd105e409c0&gt;
-    activerecord (4.1.5) lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing'
-    /path/to/yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb:10:in `test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet'
-  4 runs, 2 assertions, 0 failures, 2 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Getting closer... Now we will implement the code of the <code>acts_as_yaffle</code> method to make the tests pass.</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
-module Yaffle
-  module ActsAsYaffle
-   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
-    included do
-    end
-    module ClassMethods
-      def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
-        cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field
-        self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>When you run <code>rake</code>, you should see the tests all pass:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-  4 runs, 4 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h4 id="add-an-instance-method">4.2 Add an Instance Method</h4><p>This plugin will add a method named 'squawk' to any Active Record object that calls 'acts_as_yaffle'. The 'squawk'
-method will simply set the value of one of the fields in the database.</p><p>To start out, write a failing test that shows the behavior you'd like:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/test/acts_as_yaffle_test.rb
-require 'test_helper'
-class ActsAsYaffleTest &lt; ActiveSupport::TestCase
-  def test_a_hickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_squawk
-    assert_equal "last_squawk", Hickwall.yaffle_text_field
-  end
-  def test_a_wickwalls_yaffle_text_field_should_be_last_tweet
-    assert_equal "last_tweet", Wickwall.yaffle_text_field
-  end
-  def test_hickwalls_squawk_should_populate_last_squawk
-    hickwall = Hickwall.new
-    hickwall.squawk("Hello World")
-    assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", hickwall.last_squawk
-  end
-  def test_wickwalls_squawk_should_populate_last_tweet
-    wickwall = Wickwall.new
-    wickwall.squawk("Hello World")
-    assert_equal "squawk! Hello World", wickwall.last_tweet
-  end
-end
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Run the test to make sure the last two tests fail with an error that contains "NoMethodError: undefined method `squawk'",
-then update 'acts_as_yaffle.rb' to look like this:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-# yaffle/lib/yaffle/acts_as_yaffle.rb
-module Yaffle
-  module ActsAsYaffle
-    extend ActiveSupport::Concern
-    included do
-    end
-    module ClassMethods
-      def acts_as_yaffle(options = {})
-        cattr_accessor :yaffle_text_field
-        self.yaffle_text_field = (options[:yaffle_text_field] || :last_squawk).to_s
-        include Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle::LocalInstanceMethods
-      end
-    end
-    module LocalInstanceMethods
-      def squawk(string)
-        write_attribute(self.class.yaffle_text_field, string.to_squawk)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
-ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, Yaffle::ActsAsYaffle
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>Run <code>rake</code> one final time and you should see:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-  6 runs, 6 assertions, 0 failures, 0 errors, 0 skips
-</pre>
-</div>
-<div class="note"><p>The use of <code>write_attribute</code> to write to the field in model is just one example of how a plugin can interact with the model, and will not always be the right method to use. For example, you could also use:</p></div><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-send("#{self.class.yaffle_text_field}=", string.to_squawk)
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h3 id="generators">5 Generators</h3><p>Generators can be included in your gem simply by creating them in a lib/generators directory of your plugin. More information about
-the creation of generators can be found in the <a href="generators.html">Generators Guide</a></p><h3 id="publishing-your-gem">6 Publishing Your Gem</h3><p>Gem plugins currently in development can easily be shared from any Git repository. To share the Yaffle gem with others, simply
-commit the code to a Git repository (like GitHub) and add a line to the Gemfile of the application in question:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: ruby; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-gem 'yaffle', git: 'git://github.com/yaffle_watcher/yaffle.git'
-</pre>
-</div>
-<p>After running <code>bundle install</code>, your gem functionality will be available to the application.</p><p>When the gem is ready to be shared as a formal release, it can be published to <a href="http://www.rubygems.org">RubyGems</a>.
-For more information about publishing gems to RubyGems, see: <a href="http://blog.thepete.net/2010/11/creating-and-publishing-your-first-ruby.html">Creating and Publishing Your First Ruby Gem</a>.</p><h3 id="rdoc-documentation">7 RDoc Documentation</h3><p>Once your plugin is stable and you are ready to deploy, do everyone else a favor and document it! Luckily, writing documentation for your plugin is easy.</p><p>The first step is to update the README file with detailed information about how to use your plugin. A few key things to include are:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Your name</li>
-<li>How to install</li>
-<li>How to add the functionality to the app (several examples of common use cases)</li>
-<li>Warnings, gotchas or tips that might help users and save them time</li>
-</ul>
-<p>Once your README is solid, go through and add rdoc comments to all of the methods that developers will use. It's also customary to add '#:nodoc:' comments to those parts of the code that are not included in the public API.</p><p>Once your comments are good to go, navigate to your plugin directory and run:</p><div class="code_container">
-<pre class="brush: plain; gutter: false; toolbar: false">
-$ bin/rake rdoc
-</pre>
-</div>
-<h4 id="references">7.1 References</h4>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="https://github.com/radar/guides/blob/master/gem-development.md">Developing a RubyGem using Bundler</a></li>
-<li><a href="http://yehudakatz.com/2010/04/02/using-gemspecs-as-intended/">Using .gemspecs as Intended</a></li>
-<li><a href="http://guides.rubygems.org/specification-reference/">Gemspec Reference</a></li>
-<li><a href="http://www.intridea.com/blog/2008/6/11/gemplugins-a-brief-introduction-to-the-future-of-rails-plugins">GemPlugins: A Brief Introduction to the Future of Rails Plugins</a></li>
-</ul>
-        <h3>Feedback</h3>
-        <p>
-          You're encouraged to help improve the quality of this guide.
-        </p>
-        <p>
-          Please contribute if you see any typos or factual errors.
-          To get started, you can read our <a href="http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/contributing_to_ruby_on_rails.html#contributing-to-the-rails-documentation">documentation contributions</a> section.
-        </p>
-        <p>
-          You may also find incomplete content, or stuff that is not up to date.
-          Please do add any missing documentation for master. Make sure to check
-          <a href="http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org">Edge Guides</a> first to verify
-          if the issues are already fixed or not on the master branch.
-          Check the <a href="ruby_on_rails_guides_guidelines.html">Ruby on Rails Guides Guidelines</a>
-          for style and conventions.
-        </p>
-        <p>
-          If for whatever reason you spot something to fix but cannot patch it yourself, please
-          <a href="https://github.com/rails/rails/issues">open an issue</a>.
-        </p>
-        <p>And last but not least, any kind of discussion regarding Ruby on Rails
-          documentation is very welcome in the <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-docs">rubyonrails-docs mailing list</a>.
-        </p>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-  <hr class="hide" />
-  <div id="footer">
-    <div class="wrapper">
-      <p>This work is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> License</p>
-<p>"Rails", "Ruby on Rails", and the Rails logo are trademarks of David Heinemeier Hansson. All rights reserved.</p>
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