opengl 0.8.0-x86-mingw32 → 0.9.0-x86-mingw32

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Files changed (149) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +7 -0
  2. checksums.yaml.gz.sig +1 -0
  3. data.tar.gz.sig +2 -0
  4. data/.gitignore +2 -1
  5. data/.travis.yml +19 -0
  6. data/History.rdoc +26 -0
  7. data/Manifest.txt +3 -23
  8. data/README.rdoc +43 -37
  9. data/Rakefile +6 -62
  10. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson02.rb +3 -2
  11. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson03.rb +3 -2
  12. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson04.rb +3 -1
  13. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson05.rb +4 -1
  14. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson06.rb +9 -6
  15. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson07.rb +9 -6
  16. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson08.rb +9 -6
  17. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson09.rb +10 -6
  18. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson11.rb +9 -6
  19. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson12.rb +9 -6
  20. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson16.rb +50 -47
  21. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson19.rb +10 -7
  22. data/examples/NeHe/nehe_lesson36.rb +234 -229
  23. data/examples/OrangeBook/brick.rb +227 -225
  24. data/examples/OrangeBook/particle.rb +233 -231
  25. data/examples/RedBook/aapoly.rb +71 -70
  26. data/examples/RedBook/aargb.rb +54 -52
  27. data/examples/RedBook/accanti.rb +96 -94
  28. data/examples/RedBook/accpersp.rb +106 -104
  29. data/examples/RedBook/alpha.rb +54 -52
  30. data/examples/RedBook/alpha3D.rb +90 -88
  31. data/examples/RedBook/bezcurve.rb +48 -46
  32. data/examples/RedBook/bezmesh.rb +71 -69
  33. data/examples/RedBook/checker.rb +57 -55
  34. data/examples/RedBook/clip.rb +41 -39
  35. data/examples/RedBook/colormat.rb +72 -70
  36. data/examples/RedBook/cube.rb +39 -37
  37. data/examples/RedBook/depthcue.rb +37 -35
  38. data/examples/RedBook/dof.rb +110 -109
  39. data/examples/RedBook/double.rb +40 -38
  40. data/examples/RedBook/drawf.rb +30 -28
  41. data/examples/RedBook/feedback.rb +79 -77
  42. data/examples/RedBook/fog.rb +90 -89
  43. data/examples/RedBook/font.rb +78 -76
  44. data/examples/RedBook/hello.rb +29 -27
  45. data/examples/RedBook/image.rb +57 -55
  46. data/examples/RedBook/jitter.rb +131 -131
  47. data/examples/RedBook/light.rb +2 -1
  48. data/examples/RedBook/lines.rb +70 -68
  49. data/examples/RedBook/list.rb +48 -46
  50. data/examples/RedBook/material.rb +200 -199
  51. data/examples/RedBook/mipmap.rb +84 -82
  52. data/examples/RedBook/model.rb +55 -53
  53. data/examples/RedBook/movelight.rb +52 -50
  54. data/examples/RedBook/pickdepth.rb +103 -101
  55. data/examples/RedBook/planet.rb +46 -44
  56. data/examples/RedBook/quadric.rb +97 -95
  57. data/examples/RedBook/robot.rb +55 -53
  58. data/examples/RedBook/select.rb +118 -116
  59. data/examples/RedBook/smooth.rb +35 -33
  60. data/examples/RedBook/stencil.rb +96 -94
  61. data/examples/RedBook/stroke.rb +75 -73
  62. data/examples/RedBook/surface.rb +93 -91
  63. data/examples/RedBook/teaambient.rb +71 -69
  64. data/examples/RedBook/teapots.rb +105 -103
  65. data/examples/RedBook/tess.rb +96 -94
  66. data/examples/RedBook/texbind.rb +79 -77
  67. data/examples/RedBook/texgen.rb +88 -86
  68. data/examples/RedBook/texturesurf.rb +57 -55
  69. data/examples/RedBook/varray.rb +85 -83
  70. data/examples/RedBook/wrap.rb +76 -74
  71. data/examples/misc/OGLBench.rb +114 -113
  72. data/examples/misc/anisotropic.rb +154 -152
  73. data/examples/misc/fbo_test.rb +37 -36
  74. data/examples/misc/font-glut.rb +47 -46
  75. data/examples/misc/glfwtest.rb +16 -16
  76. data/examples/misc/plane.rb +13 -13
  77. data/examples/misc/readpixel.rb +66 -65
  78. data/examples/misc/sdltest.rb +21 -19
  79. data/examples/misc/trislam.rb +548 -547
  80. data/ext/opengl/common.h +16 -38
  81. data/ext/opengl/conv.h +39 -41
  82. data/ext/opengl/extconf.rb +4 -31
  83. data/ext/opengl/funcdef.h +126 -124
  84. data/ext/opengl/gl-1.0-1.1.c +1917 -1917
  85. data/ext/opengl/gl-1.2.c +4 -667
  86. data/ext/opengl/gl-1.3.c +9 -9
  87. data/ext/opengl/gl-1.4.c +8 -8
  88. data/ext/opengl/gl-1.5.c +1 -1
  89. data/ext/opengl/gl-2.0.c +392 -388
  90. data/ext/opengl/gl-3.0.c +493 -0
  91. data/ext/opengl/gl-enums.c +1523 -5
  92. data/ext/opengl/gl-enums.h +4679 -122
  93. data/ext/opengl/gl-error.c +7 -7
  94. data/ext/opengl/gl-error.h +4 -4
  95. data/ext/opengl/gl-ext-arb.c +468 -464
  96. data/ext/opengl/gl-ext-ext.c +18 -18
  97. data/ext/opengl/gl-ext-nv.c +15 -15
  98. data/ext/opengl/gl.c +2 -0
  99. data/ext/opengl/gl_buffer.c +92 -92
  100. data/ext/opengl/opengl.c +1 -7
  101. data/lib/opengl.rb +23 -59
  102. data/lib/opengl/1.9/opengl.so +0 -0
  103. data/lib/opengl/2.0/opengl.so +0 -0
  104. data/lib/opengl/2.1/opengl.so +0 -0
  105. data/lib/opengl/test_case.rb +1 -2
  106. data/test/dummy.xorg.conf +140 -0
  107. data/test/test_gl.rb +18 -22
  108. data/test/test_gl_10_11.rb +220 -220
  109. data/test/test_gl_12.rb +11 -122
  110. data/test/test_gl_13.rb +202 -210
  111. data/test/test_gl_14.rb +16 -19
  112. data/test/test_gl_15.rb +2 -4
  113. data/test/test_gl_20.rb +45 -58
  114. data/test/test_gl_21.rb +46 -163
  115. data/test/test_gl_ext_arb.rb +54 -72
  116. data/test/test_gl_ext_ati.rb +0 -2
  117. data/test/test_gl_ext_ext.rb +66 -66
  118. data/test/test_gl_ext_gremedy.rb +8 -15
  119. data/test/test_gl_ext_nv.rb +109 -112
  120. data/test/test_opengl_buffer.rb +8 -25
  121. data/utils/README +0 -5
  122. data/utils/enumgen.rb +72 -76
  123. data/utils/extlistgen.rb +55 -55
  124. metadata +90 -67
  125. metadata.gz.sig +0 -0
  126. data/Rakefile.cross +0 -107
  127. data/docs/build_install.txt +0 -119
  128. data/docs/extensions.txt.in +0 -348
  129. data/docs/history.txt +0 -66
  130. data/docs/requirements_and_design.txt +0 -117
  131. data/docs/roadmap.txt +0 -28
  132. data/docs/scientific_use.txt +0 -35
  133. data/docs/supplies/page_template.html +0 -71
  134. data/docs/thanks.txt +0 -29
  135. data/docs/tutorial.txt +0 -469
  136. data/ext/opengl/glu-enums.c +0 -164
  137. data/ext/opengl/glu-enums.h +0 -463
  138. data/ext/opengl/glu.c +0 -1534
  139. data/ext/opengl/glut.c +0 -1145
  140. data/ext/opengl/glut_callbacks.c +0 -845
  141. data/lib/glu.rb +0 -1
  142. data/lib/glut.rb +0 -1
  143. data/lib/opengl/opengl.so +0 -0
  144. data/test/test_glu.rb +0 -309
  145. data/utils/mkdn2html.rb +0 -59
  146. data/utils/post-mkdn2html.rb +0 -91
  147. data/website/images/ogl.jpg +0 -0
  148. data/website/images/tab_bottom.gif +0 -0
  149. data/website/style.css +0 -198
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- Project history
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- ===============
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-
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- The [original ruby-opengl](http://www2.giganet.net/~yoshi/) was written
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- by Yoshi.
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-
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- James A. desperately wanted to get the OpenGL Ruby bindings working on his Mac,
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- but they wouldn't even compile on OSX. After a little bit of tweaking, he made
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- his patched bindings available to the ruby community in a very informal manner.
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-
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- John G. then wanted to clean it up and add some docs to it, and so started
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- tweaking and put up a new site and made his changes available.
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-
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- Then Peter M. came along and decided to try updating ruby-opengl using SWIG,
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- as it seemed easier than doing everything by hand. Peter wrote the new code,
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- John started the actual RubyForge project, put up a new site, and Peter
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- committed the code.
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-
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- Thu M. V. joined the project with a lot of energy, and the mailing list
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- was showing a good bit of activity.
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-
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- After some experience, we began to question whether SWIG was necessary/helpful
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- for a project of this nature. The leaning was that people want to abandon
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- SWIG and go back to maintaining the binding files by hand. Thu even provided
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- a script to help with the manual coding that would be required without using
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- SWIG.
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-
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- The reasoning at the time was:
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-
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- Pro-SWIG:
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-
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- * Could use the .i files for another project, perhaps (OTOH, we couldn't
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- use previous .i files on this project...)
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-
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- * It's supposed to require less manual coding.
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-
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- Con-SWIG:
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-
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- * yet another tool to learn
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-
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- * OpenGL isn't really all that big
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-
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- * OpenGL doesn't change a lot
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-
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- * A lot of boilerplate and overhead in the generated files because SWIG is
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- a general tool.
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-
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-
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- In September 2006, we stopped using SWIG. Thu and Peter began fine tuning
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- Thu's original `utils/mkwrap.rb` script.
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-
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- Development stalled in October 2006.
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-
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- Development picked up again towards the end of 2006. After a long hiatus
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- and getting a new release of mkrf out the door, version 0.33 (following the
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- numbering of original Yoshi's bindings which stalled at 0.32) was released.
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-
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- During first half of 2007, we added large portion of code, as well as number
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- of unit tests, creating near-complete support for OpenGL 2.1.
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- Support for MS Windows was also added during this time.
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-
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- Version 0.40 was released in July 2007.
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-
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- Version 0.50 was released in October 2007.
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-
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- Version 0.60 was released in December 2007.
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- Design
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- ======
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-
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- This document records the requirements, high-level design, and the
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- specifications for the ruby-opengl project.
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-
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- The content of this document was gleaned from the postings on the
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- ruby-opengl-dev list and internal notes from John G., Peter M., Vo Minh Thu,
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- and Robert K.
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-
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-
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- Requirements
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- ------------
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-
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- * ruby-opengl is a Ruby extension library which wraps the OpenGL, GLU,
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- and GLUT libraries.
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-
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- * ruby-opengl shall provide three base modules: *BaseGL*, *BaseGLU*, and
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- *BaseGLUT* (the "Base Modules").
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-
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- Note: "BaseGL" etc. are not the names that appear in the code -- they are
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- just handles so we can write about them in documents like this one.
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-
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- * The Base Modules shall be separately loadable.
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-
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- * BaseGL shall not depend on any of the other Ruby modules.
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-
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- * BaseGLU shall depend on, at most, BaseGL.
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-
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- * BaseGLUT shall depend on, at most, BaseGLU and BaseGL.
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-
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- * Base Module syntax shall closely follow the standard C-syntax.
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-
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- The syntax for a Ruby program that uses the base modules, shall closely
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- follow the standard C-like syntax that OpenGL programmers are used to,
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- and that most OpenGL examples are published in:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'gl'
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- Gl.glBegin( Gl::GL_POLYGON )
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- Gl.glVertex2d( 0, 0 )
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- Gl.glVertex2d( 0, 1 )
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- Gl.glVertex2d( 1, 1 )
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- Gl.glVertex2d( 1, 0 )
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- Gl.glEnd
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-
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- Or:
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'gl'
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- include Gl
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- glBegin( GL_POLYGON )
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- glVertex2d( 0, 0 )
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- glVertex2d( 0, 1 )
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- glVertex2d( 1, 1 )
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- glVertex2d( 1, 0 )
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- glEnd
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-
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- The rationale for adopting the C-like syntax is:
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- * Makes it familiar to OpenGL programmers.
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- * Removes the burden of learning OpenGL plus some Ruby-isms, just to
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- get started.
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- * Makes it easier to port OpenGL programs to/from ruby-opengl.
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- * The current OpenGL documentation more naturally fits ruby-opengl.
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- * Putting "gl", "glu" and "glut" in front of all the names (i.e.,
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- following the C-like syntax) leaves common variable names open for
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- the programmers (e.g., "vertex", "color" etc. are popular topics in
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- 3D programming, so not robbing the ruby namespace of such valuable
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- real-estate seems nice).
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-
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-
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- * It shall be possible to check out the project from svn, compile and test
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- on the following platforms: Mac OS X, GNU/Linux. MS Windows operating
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- systems may also be supported in the future.
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-
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- * The project will make a number of pre-compiled extensions available as gems.
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-
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- * The project will supply source code and build scripts (via svn checkout)
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- conducive to straightforward porting to other platforms.
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-
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- * There shall be a test suite that exercises each call in each of the Base
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- modules.
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-
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- * All project documentation will be in Markdown format in files that end in
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- `.txt`.
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-
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- * The project will make some efforts to track versions of OpenGL.
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-
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- ### Things in the future
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-
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- Once the base modules are implemented, there are several ideas on things to
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- do next. This list is not really requirements, but a list of nice ideas to
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- try:
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-
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- * Provide wrappers for glBegin/glEnd, eg: polygon()...translates to
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- glBegin(GL_POLYGON)....glEnd
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-
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- * Untyped versions of the multi-typed gl functions: e.g., a single
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- glVertex that examines its arguments and calls the appropriate
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- glVertex{234}{fisdv} call in BaseGL.
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-
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- Implementation
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- --------------
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-
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- Our plan is to continue on with Yoshi's original code, modified
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- to use standard OpenGL-style constant and function names.
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-
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- ### Build environment ###
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- The build environment will use:
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-
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- * use rake and mkrf.
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- * minimize the number of additional tools required
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- Roadmap
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- =======
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-
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- * Write comprehensive API documentation
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- * Create more example code
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- * Add RMagick(ImageMagick) integration for easy image handling (textures,screenshots)
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- * Support all pixelstore modes (currently forced to default values by
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- any function getting/setting data affected by it)
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-
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- Possible Features
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- ========
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- * Add **all** OpenGL extensions (some are obsolete or not really used or useful at all)
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- * Add direct mapping on ruby types for vertex arrays, buffers and image data to allow high performance data operations from within ruby
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- - this should be modeled after Perl's OpenGL::Array
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- - Update: preliminary tests shows that performance-wise there is no need for it, as the Ruby interpreter overhead is currently larger than immediate-mode calls overhead, so any potential speed gains are in domain of 1-5%. It still may be good idea from usability perspective, although that would require more comprehensive design, not just simple wrapper.
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- * Support for r/w VBO buffer mapping - gl(Un)MapBuffer (is it needed?)
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-
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- Scientific Use
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- --------------
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-
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- Though not directly related to ruby-opengl, this page contains a
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- few tidbits of general info that might possibly be of interest to
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- a number of users.
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-
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- There are currently two bindings to the [GNU Scientific Library][1] (GSL):
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-
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- * Yoshiki's Ruby/GSL (<http://rb-gsl.rubyforge.org/>) --
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- Comes with an API reference. Also, I've been told that the API has been
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- worked a bit to be more comfortable for Ruby programmers.
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- * Arno's ruby-gsl (<http://ruby-gsl.sourceforge.net/>) --
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- more of a straight wrapper around the C API.
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- [1]: http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/
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-
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- <a href="http://rubyforge.org/softwaremap/trove_list.php?form_cat=97">Browse Rubyforge</a>
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- for more.
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- Links
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- -----
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-
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- * <http://sciruby.codeforpeople.com/sr.cgi/FrontPage> -- SciRuby wiki.
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- * <http://narray.rubyforge.org/> -- Numerical n-dimensional Array class.
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- * <http://www.kitp.ucsb.edu/~paxton/tioga.html> -- Tioga. Create plots using
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- Ruby and TeX.
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- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
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- <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
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- <link type="text/css" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
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- <title>ruby-opengl -- {{title}}</title>
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- </head>
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- <body>
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- <em>ruby-opengl</em>
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- <ul id="tabnav">
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- <li><a href="./index.html">Home</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./tutorial.html">Tutorial</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./build_install.html">Build/Install</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./roadmap.html">Roadmap</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./requirements_and_design.html">Req's doc</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./history.html">History</a></li>
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- </ul>
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-
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- <div id="sidebar">
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- <img src="./images/ogl.jpg">
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- <h3>Contact</h3>
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/mail/?group_id=2103">Mailing list</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/tracker/?atid=8185&amp;group_id=2103&amp;func=browse">Bug tracker</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/projects/ruby-opengl">Project page</a></li>
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- <h3>Download</h3>
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=2103">Releases</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/scm/?group_id=2103">SVN</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- <h3>Other docs</h3>
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="./extensions.html">Extension support</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./thanks.html">Thanks</a></li>
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- <li><a href="./scientific_use.html">Scientific use</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- <h3>Links</h3>
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="http://www.opengl.org/">OpenGL</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.mesa3d.org/">Mesa</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://freeglut.sourceforge.net/">freeglut</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://rubyforge.org/projects/ruby-ftgl/">ruby-ftgl</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.rubygarden.org/ruby?OpenGL">Ruby wiki GL page</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://rubygame.sourceforge.net">RubyGame</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- {{content}}
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- </div>
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- <div id="footer">
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- <p><a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">Valid XHTML 1.0</a> |
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- Copyright &copy; <a href="#">Alain Hoang</a> |
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- Design by <a href="http://www.jdavidmacor.com">super j man</a></p>
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- </div>
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-
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- </div>
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- </body>
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- </html>
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- Thank you
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- ---------
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-
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- Aside from big thank-you's to the core devs, special thanks also goes to:
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-
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- * Bill Kelly -- provided some pilot code changing how users can call method and constant names.
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- * Ilmari Heikkinen -- provided code for changing how users can call method and constant names.
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- * James Adam -- Mac OS X fixes
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- * Tony Hursh -- Mac OS X glut build tweak
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- * Sean Long -- More Mac OS X fixes
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- * John Gabriele -- Numerous fixes, documentation, and project support
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- * Ronald Pijnacker -- Windows support and bugfixes
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- * **Yoshi** -- providing ruby-opengl-0.32g from which to work off of.
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- Usage Tutorial
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- ==============
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- This page should serve as tutorial and also as reference to Ruby bindings for OpenGL
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- language. It is assumed that you have basic understanding of both OpenGL and Ruby.
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-
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- If you are new to OpenGL, you can start by visiting [OpenGL homepage](http://www.opengl.org)
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- , reading the [OpenGL Programming Guide](http://opengl.org/documentation/books/#the_opengl_programming_guide_the_official_guide_to_learning_opengl_version) (also known as Red Book) or going to [NeHe's tutorials page](http://nehe.gamedev.net/).
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-
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- If you are new to Ruby, [the ruby-lang website](http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/documentation/) contains lots of
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- documentation and manuals for Ruby.
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-
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- Table of Contents
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- ==============
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- Basics:
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- * [Naming Conventions](#naming_conventions)<br/>
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- * [Function parameters](#function_parameters)<br/>
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- * [Return values](#return_values)<br/>
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- * [Matrices](#matrices)<br/>
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- * [Textures and other raw data](#textures)<br/>
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- * [Error Checking](#error_checking)<br/>
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- * [Examples](#examples)<br/>
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-
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- Advanced stuff:
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- * [OpenGL version and Extensions](#extensions)<br/>
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- * [Selection and Feedback queries](#selection_feedback)<br/>
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- * [Vertex Arrays](#vertex_arrays)<br/>
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- * [Buffer Objects](#buffer_objects)<br/>
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- * [GLUT, SDL, GLFW..](#glut_sdl)<br/>
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- * [GLUT callbacks](#glut_callbacks)<br/>
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- * [Internals](#internals)<br/>
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-
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- API reference:
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- * TODO
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-
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- <a name="naming_conventions"></a>
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- Naming conventions
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- ------------------
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-
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- The bindings contains three modules:
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- * 'Gl' - OpenGL functions itself
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- * 'Glu' - OpenGL Utility Library API - higher-level drawing routines, NURBS etc.
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- * 'Glut' - OpenGL Utility Toolkit - low level functions such as creating OpenGL
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- context, opening window or handling user input
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-
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- You can import all three modules by calling
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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-
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- You can also load the modules separately by using:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'gl'
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- require 'glu'
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- require 'glut'
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-
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- The functions and constants are named the same as their C counterparts:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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- ...
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- Gl.glFooBar( Gl::GL_FOO_BAR )
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- Glu.gluFooBar( Glu::GLU_FOO_BAR )
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- Glut.glutFooBar( Glut::GLUT_FOO_BAR )
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-
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- This is the 'full' syntax, usefull when you are expecting name clashes
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- with other modules, or just want to be formal ;) More often, you will
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- want to use the 'C-style' syntax, which you can accomplish by using 'include'
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- to export the module functions and constants to global namespace:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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- include Gl,Glu,Glut
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- ...
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- glFooBar( GL_FOO_BAR )
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- gluFooBar( GLU_FOO_BAR )
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- glutFooBar( GLUT_FOO_BAR )
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-
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- Finally, you can use the 'old' syntax:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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- ...
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- # Note the missing prefixes in functions and constants
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- # and also capitalization of module names
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- GL.FooBar( GL::FOO_BAR )
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- GLU.FooBar( GLU::FOO_BAR )
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- GLUT.FooBar( GLUT::FOO_BAR )
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-
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- This syntax was used by previous ruby-opengl versions; some people also
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- consider it as being more in the spirit of OO programming. It has one
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- downside though - due to Ruby's naming scheme, you cannot use constants
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- which begins with number, e.g. GL_2D would under this syntax be (GL::)2D
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- which is illegal.
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-
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- All three variants of syntax will continue to be supported in future,
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- so it's up to you which one you choose to use.
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-
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- The rest of this tutorial will use the C syntax.
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-
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- Calling syntax
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- --------------
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- <a name="function_parameters"></a>
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- Function parameters
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- --------------
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- For most types the ruby syntax follows the C API. If needed, ruby will do
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- automatic parameter conversion to required type if possible. Example:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- glVertex3f( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ) # matches C syntax
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- glVertex3f( 1, 1, 1 ) # equivalent to the above
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- glVertex3f( "string", 1, 1 ) # raises TypeError exception
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-
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- Arrays are passed/received as Ruby arrays:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- vertex = [ 1, 1, 1 ]
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- glVertex3fv( vertex )
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-
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- For functions with multiple parameter-number variations (glVertex,glColor,...)
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- we define 'overloaded' functions, as in:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- glVertexf( 1, 1 ) # will call glVertex2f()
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- glVertexf( 1, 1, 1 ) # will call glVertex3f()
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- glVertexf( 1, 1, 1, 1 ) # will call glVertex4f()
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- glVertexi( 1, 1 ) # will call glVertex2i()
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- ...
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- # and so on
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-
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- <a name="return_values"></a>
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- Return values
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- -------------
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- In C, OpenGL functions rarely return values directly, instead you pass in pointer to
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- preallocated buffer and they will fill it with values; sometimes you have to even query
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- how big buffer you'll need to allocate. Ruby does this all for you, returning either single
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- value or array:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- glColor4f( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 )
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- ...
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- color = glGetDoublev(GL_CURRENT_COLOR)
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- p color # will be [1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0]
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-
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- <a name="matrices"></a>
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- Matrices
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- -------------
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- Matrices are passed and received as ruby array, or as ruby Matrix objects:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- matrix_a = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
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- matrix_b = [ [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ],
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- [ 4, 5, 6, 7 ],
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- [ 8, 9,10,11 ],
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- [ 12,13,14,15 ] ]
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- matrix_c = Matrix.rows( [ [ 0, 1, 2, 3 ],
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- [ 4, 5, 6, 7 ],
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- [ 8, 9,10,11 ],
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- [ 12,13,14,15 ] ] )
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- ...
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- glLoadMatrixf(matrix_a)
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- glLoadMatrixf(matrix_b)
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- glLoadMatrixf(matrix_c) # same result
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-
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- You may also create your own matrix class and pass it this way, provided that it
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- is convertible to array (has 'to_a' method).
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-
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- Note that as OpenGL uses column-major
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- notation for matrices, you may need to call transpose() when working with
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- row-major matrices or arrays in ruby.
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-
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- <a name="textures"></a>
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- Textures and other raw data
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- -------------
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- Data for textures, arrays, buffers etc. can be specified either as ruby arrays or directly as raw packed strings -
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- strings that contains their direct memory representation (just like C arrays). If you need to convert between
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- ruby arrays and these strings, use ruby Array#pack() and String#unpack() functions.
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- Example:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- # create texture, 2x2 pixels,
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- # 3 components (R,G,B) for each pixel as floats
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- texture = [
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- 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, # 1st pixel, red
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- 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, # 2nd pixel, green
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- 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, # 3rd pixel, blue
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- 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 # 4th pixel, white
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- ]
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- # convert it to string
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- # f = native float representation
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- # * = convert all values in the array the same way
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- data = texture.pack("f*")
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- ...
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- glTexImage2D(
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- GL_TEXTURE_2D, # target
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- 0, # mipmap level,
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- GL_RGB8, # internal format
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- 2, 2, # width, height
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- 0, # border = no
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- GL_RGB, # components per each pixel
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- GL_FLOAT, # component type - floats
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- data # the packed data
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- )
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-
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- Reverse works just the same:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- ...
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- data = glGetTexImage( # returns the packed data as string
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- GL_TEXTURE_2D, # target
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- 0, # mipmap level
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- GL_RGB, # components per pixel
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- GL_FLOAT # component type
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- )
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- # now convert it to ruby array
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- texture = data.unpack("f*")
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- ...
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-
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- For storage, packed strings are more memory efficient than ruby arrays, but
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- cannot be easily changed or manipulated.
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-
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- <a name="error_checking"></a>
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- Error Checking
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- --------------
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- Starting with version 0.60.0, ruby-opengl performs automatic checking of OpenGL and GLU errors.
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- Functions:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- Gl.enable_error_checking
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- Gl.disable_error_checking
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- Gl.is_error_checking_enabled? # true/false
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-
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- When the checking is enabled (default), glGetError() is executed after each OpenGL call, and should error
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- occur, Gl::Error exception is raised:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- Gl.enable_error_checking
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- ...
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- begin
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- ...
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- glEnable(GL_TRUE) # will raise exception
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- ...
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- rescue Gl::Error => err
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- # err.id contains the OpenGL error ID
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- if (err.id == GL_INVALID_ENUM)
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- puts "Oh noes! You used invalid enum!"
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- ...
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- end
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- ...
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- end
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-
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- Some GLU functions may also throw Glu::Error - the handling is the same as above.
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-
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- It is usually good idea to leave error checking on for all your code, as OpenGL errors have habit to pop-up in
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- unexpected places. For now there is no measurable performance hit for error checking, although this may depend
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- on your graphic drivers implementation.
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-
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- <a name="examples"></a>
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- The Examples
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- -----------
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-
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- Various examples are in 'examples' directory of the bindings. To run them, manually pass them to `ruby` like:
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-
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- ruby some_sample.rb
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-
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- On windows, you may want to use 'rubyw' instead, which displays the standard output window
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- as some examples use the console for usage info etc.
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-
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- If you get 'opengl not found' error, and you installed ruby-opengl from gems, your
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- shell or ruby installation is probably not configured to use the gems; in that case type:
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-
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- ruby -rubygems some_sample.rb
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-
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- The `README` file in the `examples` directory contains some notes on the examples.
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-
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- <a name="extensions"></a>
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- OpenGL Version and Extensions
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- -----------
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- To query for available OpenGL version or OpenGL extension, use Gl.is_available? function:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- # true if OpenGL version is 2.0 or later is available
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- Gl.is_available?(2.0)
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- ...
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- # returns true if GL_ARB_shadow is available on this system
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- Gl.is_available?("GL_ARB_shadow")
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-
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- For list of what extensions are supported in ruby-opengl see this [page](extensions.html)
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-
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- The extensions' function names once again follows the C API. Some extensions were over time
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- promoted to ARB or even to OpenGL core, retaining their function names just with suffix changed
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- or removed. However sometimes the functions semantics was changed in the process, so to avoid
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- confusion, ruby-opengl bindings will strictly adhere to the C naming, e.g. :
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- # will call the function from GL_ARB_transpose_matrix extension
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- glLoadTransposeMatrixfARB(matrix)
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- ...
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- # will call the function from OpenGL 1.3
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- glLoadTransposeMatrixf(matrix)
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-
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- <b>Note:</b> ruby-opengl is compiled against OpenGL 1.1, and all functions and enums from later
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- versions of OpenGL and from extensions are loaded dynamically at runtime. That means that all
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- of OpenGL 2.1 and supported extensions are available even if the ruby-opengl bindings are
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- compiled on platform which lacks proper libraries or headers (like for example Windows without
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- installed graphic drivers). This should ease binary-only distribution and application packaging.
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-
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-
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- <a name="selection_feedback"></a>
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- Selection/Feedback queries
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- -----------
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- Querying selection and feedback is different from C. Example:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- # this will create selection buffer 512*sizeof(GLuint) long
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- buf = glselectbuffer(512)
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- # enter feedback mode
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- glRenderMode(GL_SELECT)
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- ... # draw something here
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- # return to render mode
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- count = glRenderMode(GL_RENDER)
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- # at this point the buf string is freezed and contains
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- # the selection data, which you can recover with unpack
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- # function
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- data = buf.unpack("I*") # I for unsigned integer
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- # also, next call to glRenderMode(GL_SELECT) will overwrite
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- # the 'buf' buffer with new data
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-
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- The feedback query follows the same pattern, only the data are stored
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- as floats.
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-
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- <a name="vertex_arrays"></a>
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- Vertex Arrays
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- -----------
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- In current state, vertex arrays are not very efficient in ruby-opengl, as it is not possible to change
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- the array content once it is specified, and there is overhead for converting between ruby and C representation
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- of numbers. Using display lists for static and immediate mode for dynamic objects is recommended instead.
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-
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- You can specify the data the same way as [texture data](#textures). Example:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- normals = [0,1,0, 1,0,0, 1,1,1]
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- glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT,0,normals)
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- ...
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- glEnable(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY)
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- glDrawArrays(...)
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- ...
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-
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- This applies to all *pointer functions. glGetPointerv will return reference to the frozen string
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- previously specified.
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-
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- <a name="buffer_objects"></a>
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- Buffer Objects
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- -----------
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- Once again, in current state buffer objects (VBOs in particular) are not very efficient in ruby-opengl.
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- Unlike textures and vertex arrays, the data for buffers *must* be prepacked by using .pack() function,
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- as buffers does not retain information about the storage type. Mapping of the buffer afterwards is read-only.
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-
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- Like in C, buffer binding affects some functions in way that if particular buffer is bound, the related
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- functions (for example glTexImage) take integer offset in place of data string argument. This is also true
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- for getter functions (e.g. glGetTexImage) - instead of returning the data string, they take offset as they're
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- last argument (so in ruby they take one extra argument), and will write the data in the bound buffer as expected.
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-
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- VBO example:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- # specify 3 vertices, 2*float each
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- data = [0,0, 0,1, 1,1].pack("f*")
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- ...
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- # generate buffer name
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- buffers = glGenBuffers(1)
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- # bind to the name to ARRAY buffer for vertex array
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- glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,buffers[0])
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- # here the data is specified, size is n*sizeof(float)
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- # note that you don't get to specify type, as buffers
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- # operate on byte level
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- glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,6*4,data,GL_DYNAMIC_DRAW)
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- ...
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- # here instead of specyfing the data, you pass '0' (or
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- # positive integer) as offset to the bound buffer
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- glVertexPointer(2,GL_FLOAT,0,0)
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- ...
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- glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY)
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- ...
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-
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- <a name="glut_sdl"></a>
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- GLUT, SDL, GLFW..
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- ---------
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- When it comes to low-level task like GL window creation, input and event handling, the first choice is GLUT,
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- as it is readilly available alongside OpenGL. However both GLUT itself and its implementations
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- have their drawbacks, and for that and other reasons there are number of replacement libraries.
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- You can use any of them with ruby-opengl (as long as there are ruby bindings for them).
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-
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- Here is example for [SDL](http://www.kmc.gr.jp/~ohai/index.en.html):
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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- require 'sdl'
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- # init
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- SDL.init(SDL::INIT_VIDEO)
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- SDL.setGLAttr(SDL::GL_DOUBLEBUFFER,1)
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- SDL.setVideoMode(512,512,32,SDL::OPENGL)
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- ...
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- Gl.glVertex3f(1.0,0.0,0.0)
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- ...
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- SDL.GLSwapBuffers()
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- ...
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-
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- and another example for [GLFW](http://ruby-glfw.rubyforge.org/):
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- require 'opengl'
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- require 'glfw'
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- # init
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- Glfw.glfwOpenWindow( 500,500, 0,0,0,0, 32,0, Glfw::GLFW_WINDOW )
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- ...
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- Gl.glVertex3f(1.0,0.0,0.0)
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- ...
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- Glfw.glfwSwapBuffers()
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- ...
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-
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- <a name="glut_callbacks"></a>
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- GLUT callbacks
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- --------------
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-
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- The GLUT callback functions are specified as Proc objects, which you can
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- either create with lambda as:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- reshape = lambda do |w, h|
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- ...
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- end
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- ...
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- glutReshapeFunc( reshape )
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-
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- or by conversion from normal functions:
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-
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- {{ruby}}
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- def reshape(w,h)
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- ...
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- end
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- ...
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- glutReshapeFunc( method("reshape").to_proc )
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-
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- Note: An older notation you'll see instead of `lambda` is `proc`. The
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- PickAxe v2 notes that `proc` is "mildly deprecated" in favor of `lambda`.
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- You'll also sometimes see `Proc.new` used in place of either. Pages 359-360 of
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- PickAxe v2 describe the differences between using `lambda` and `Proc.new`,
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- but for our purposes either will be fine.
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-
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- <a name="internals"></a>
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- Internals
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- ---------
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-
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- The directory structure follows current Ruby standards, with a few
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- extra directories added.
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-
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- * `doc/` -- Contains documentation for the project (from which this
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- website is generated).
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- * `examples/` -- Example programs.
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- * `ext/` -- Contains subdirectories, one for each of the three extension
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- modules (gl, glu, glut). Herein are the files needed to compile the extension
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- modules.
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- * `lib/` -- Files that the user is meant to `require` in their own code.
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- * `test/` -- Contains automatic testsuite for the bindings
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- * `utils` -- Some utility scripts used to help generate code, documentation
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- and website.
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- * `website` -- After running `rake gen_website` this directory will contain
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- the ruby-opengl website.