ires 0.1.3 → 0.1.4

data/ext/vendor/github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell/urlnorm_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package purell
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// Test cases merged from PR #1
+// Originally from https://github.com/jehiah/urlnorm/blob/master/test_urlnorm.py
+
+func assertMap(t *testing.T, cases map[string]string, f NormalizationFlags) {
+	for bad, good := range cases {
+		s, e := NormalizeURLString(bad, f)
+		if e != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s normalizing %v to %v", e.Error(), bad, good)
+		} else {
+			if s != good {
+				t.Errorf("source: %v expected: %v got: %v", bad, good, s)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// This tests normalization to a unicode representation
+// precent escapes for unreserved values are unescaped to their unicode value
+// tests normalization to idna domains
+// test ip word handling, ipv6 address handling, and trailing domain periods
+// in general, this matches google chromes unescaping for things in the address bar.
+// spaces are converted to '+' (perhaphs controversial)
+// http://code.google.com/p/google-url/ probably is another good reference for this approach
+func TestUrlnorm(t *testing.T) {
+	testcases := map[string]string{
+		"http://test.example/?a=%e3%82%82%26": "http://test.example/?a=%e3%82%82%26",
+		//"http://test.example/?a=%e3%82%82%26": "http://test.example/?a=\xe3\x82\x82%26", //should return a unicode character
+		"http://s.xn--q-bga.DE/":    "http://s.xn--q-bga.de/",       //should be in idna format
+		"http://XBLA\u306eXbox.com": "http://xn--xblaxbox-jf4g.com", //test utf8 and unicode
+		"http://президент.рф":       "http://xn--d1abbgf6aiiy.xn--p1ai",
+		"http://ПРЕЗИДЕНТ.РФ":       "http://xn--d1abbgf6aiiy.xn--p1ai",
+		"http://ａｂ￥ヲ￦○.com":         "http://xn--ab-ida8983azmfnvs.com", //test width folding
+		"http://\u00e9.com":         "http://xn--9ca.com",
+		"http://e\u0301.com":        "http://xn--9ca.com",
+		"http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%94%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3": "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%94%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3",
+		//"http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%94%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%91%E3%83%B3": "http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/\xe3\x82\xad\xe3\x83\xa3\xe3\x82\xbf\xe3\x83\x94\xe3\x83\xa9\xe3\x83\xbc\xe3\x82\xb8\xe3\x83\xa3\xe3\x83\x91\xe3\x83\xb3",
+
+		"http://test.example/\xe3\x82\xad": "http://test.example/%E3%82%AD",
+		//"http://test.example/\xe3\x82\xad":              "http://test.example/\xe3\x82\xad",
+		"http://test.example/?p=%23val#test-%23-val%25": "http://test.example/?p=%23val#test-%23-val%25", //check that %23 (#) is not escaped where it shouldn't be
+
+		"http://test.domain/I%C3%B1t%C3%ABrn%C3%A2ti%C3%B4n%EF%BF%BDliz%C3%A6ti%C3%B8n": "http://test.domain/I%C3%B1t%C3%ABrn%C3%A2ti%C3%B4n%EF%BF%BDliz%C3%A6ti%C3%B8n",
+		//"http://test.domain/I%C3%B1t%C3%ABrn%C3%A2ti%C3%B4n%EF%BF%BDliz%C3%A6ti%C3%B8n": "http://test.domain/I\xc3\xb1t\xc3\xabrn\xc3\xa2ti\xc3\xb4n\xef\xbf\xbdliz\xc3\xa6ti\xc3\xb8n",
+	}
+
+	assertMap(t, testcases, FlagsSafe|FlagRemoveDotSegments)
+}

data/ext/vendor/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright (c) 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

data/ext/vendor/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+urlesc [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/PuerkitoBio/urlesc.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/PuerkitoBio/urlesc) [![GoDoc](http://godoc.org/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc?status.svg)](http://godoc.org/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc)
+======
+
+Package urlesc implements query escaping as per RFC 3986.
+
+It contains some parts of the net/url package, modified so as to allow
+some reserved characters incorrectly escaped by net/url (see [issue 5684](https://github.com/golang/go/issues/5684)).
+
+## Install
+
+    go get github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc
+
+## License
+
+Go license (BSD-3-Clause)
+

data/ext/vendor/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc/urlesc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// Package urlesc implements query escaping as per RFC 3986.
+// It contains some parts of the net/url package, modified so as to allow
+// some reserved characters incorrectly escaped by net/url.
+// See https://github.com/golang/go/issues/5684
+package urlesc
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type encoding int
+
+const (
+	encodePath encoding = 1 + iota
+	encodeUserPassword
+	encodeQueryComponent
+	encodeFragment
+)
+
+// Return true if the specified character should be escaped when
+// appearing in a URL string, according to RFC 3986.
+func shouldEscape(c byte, mode encoding) bool {
+	// §2.3 Unreserved characters (alphanum)
+	if 'A' <= c && c <= 'Z' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'z' || '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	switch c {
+	case '-', '.', '_', '~': // §2.3 Unreserved characters (mark)
+		return false
+
+	// §2.2 Reserved characters (reserved)
+	case ':', '/', '?', '#', '[', ']', '@', // gen-delims
+		'!', '$', '&', '\'', '(', ')', '*', '+', ',', ';', '=': // sub-delims
+		// Different sections of the URL allow a few of
+		// the reserved characters to appear unescaped.
+		switch mode {
+		case encodePath: // §3.3
+			// The RFC allows sub-delims and : @.
+			// '/', '[' and ']' can be used to assign meaning to individual path
+			// segments.  This package only manipulates the path as a whole,
+			// so we allow those as well.  That leaves only ? and # to escape.
+			return c == '?' || c == '#'
+
+		case encodeUserPassword: // §3.2.1
+			// The RFC allows : and sub-delims in
+			// userinfo.  The parsing of userinfo treats ':' as special so we must escape
+			// all the gen-delims.
+			return c == ':' || c == '/' || c == '?' || c == '#' || c == '[' || c == ']' || c == '@'
+
+		case encodeQueryComponent: // §3.4
+			// The RFC allows / and ?.
+			return c != '/' && c != '?'
+
+		case encodeFragment: // §4.1
+			// The RFC text is silent but the grammar allows
+			// everything, so escape nothing but #
+			return c == '#'
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Everything else must be escaped.
+	return true
+}
+
+// QueryEscape escapes the string so it can be safely placed
+// inside a URL query.
+func QueryEscape(s string) string {
+	return escape(s, encodeQueryComponent)
+}
+
+func escape(s string, mode encoding) string {
+	spaceCount, hexCount := 0, 0
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		c := s[i]
+		if shouldEscape(c, mode) {
+			if c == ' ' && mode == encodeQueryComponent {
+				spaceCount++
+			} else {
+				hexCount++
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if spaceCount == 0 && hexCount == 0 {
+		return s
+	}
+
+	t := make([]byte, len(s)+2*hexCount)
+	j := 0
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		switch c := s[i]; {
+		case c == ' ' && mode == encodeQueryComponent:
+			t[j] = '+'
+			j++
+		case shouldEscape(c, mode):
+			t[j] = '%'
+			t[j+1] = "0123456789ABCDEF"[c>>4]
+			t[j+2] = "0123456789ABCDEF"[c&15]
+			j += 3
+		default:
+			t[j] = s[i]
+			j++
+		}
+	}
+	return string(t)
+}
+
+var uiReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(
+	"%21", "!",
+	"%27", "'",
+	"%28", "(",
+	"%29", ")",
+	"%2A", "*",
+)
+
+// unescapeUserinfo unescapes some characters that need not to be escaped as per RFC3986.
+func unescapeUserinfo(s string) string {
+	return uiReplacer.Replace(s)
+}
+
+// Escape reassembles the URL into a valid URL string.
+// The general form of the result is one of:
+//
+//	scheme:opaque
+//	scheme://userinfo@host/path?query#fragment
+//
+// If u.Opaque is non-empty, String uses the first form;
+// otherwise it uses the second form.
+//
+// In the second form, the following rules apply:
+//	- if u.Scheme is empty, scheme: is omitted.
+//	- if u.User is nil, userinfo@ is omitted.
+//	- if u.Host is empty, host/ is omitted.
+//	- if u.Scheme and u.Host are empty and u.User is nil,
+//	   the entire scheme://userinfo@host/ is omitted.
+//	- if u.Host is non-empty and u.Path begins with a /,
+//	   the form host/path does not add its own /.
+//	- if u.RawQuery is empty, ?query is omitted.
+//	- if u.Fragment is empty, #fragment is omitted.
+func Escape(u *url.URL) string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	if u.Scheme != "" {
+		buf.WriteString(u.Scheme)
+		buf.WriteByte(':')
+	}
+	if u.Opaque != "" {
+		buf.WriteString(u.Opaque)
+	} else {
+		if u.Scheme != "" || u.Host != "" || u.User != nil {
+			buf.WriteString("//")
+			if ui := u.User; ui != nil {
+				buf.WriteString(unescapeUserinfo(ui.String()))
+				buf.WriteByte('@')
+			}
+			if h := u.Host; h != "" {
+				buf.WriteString(h)
+			}
+		}
+		if u.Path != "" && u.Path[0] != '/' && u.Host != "" {
+			buf.WriteByte('/')
+		}
+		buf.WriteString(escape(u.Path, encodePath))
+	}
+	if u.RawQuery != "" {
+		buf.WriteByte('?')
+		buf.WriteString(u.RawQuery)
+	}
+	if u.Fragment != "" {
+		buf.WriteByte('#')
+		buf.WriteString(escape(u.Fragment, encodeFragment))
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}

data/ext/vendor/github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc/urlesc_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,641 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package urlesc
+
+import (
+	"net/url"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type URLTest struct {
+	in        string
+	out       *url.URL
+	roundtrip string // expected result of reserializing the URL; empty means same as "in".
+}
+
+var urltests = []URLTest{
+	// no path
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path with hex escaping
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/file%20one%26two",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/file one&two",
+		},
+		"http://www.google.com/file%20one&two",
+	},
+	// user
+	{
+		"ftp://webmaster@www.google.com/",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "ftp",
+			User:   url.User("webmaster"),
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// escape sequence in username
+	{
+		"ftp://john%20doe@www.google.com/",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "ftp",
+			User:   url.User("john doe"),
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "/",
+		},
+		"ftp://john%20doe@www.google.com/",
+	},
+	// query
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// query with hex escaping: NOT parsed
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go%20language",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go%20language",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// %20 outside query
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/a%20b?q=c+d",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/a b",
+			RawQuery: "q=c+d",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// path without leading /, so no parsing
+	{
+		"http:www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Opaque:   "www.google.com/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"http:www.google.com/?q=go+language",
+	},
+	// path without leading /, so no parsing
+	{
+		"http:%2f%2fwww.google.com/?q=go+language",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Opaque:   "%2f%2fwww.google.com/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+		},
+		"http:%2f%2fwww.google.com/?q=go+language",
+	},
+	// non-authority with path
+	{
+		"mailto:/webmaster@golang.org",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "mailto",
+			Path:   "/webmaster@golang.org",
+		},
+		"mailto:///webmaster@golang.org", // unfortunate compromise
+	},
+	// non-authority
+	{
+		"mailto:webmaster@golang.org",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "mailto",
+			Opaque: "webmaster@golang.org",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped :// in query should not create a scheme
+	{
+		"/foo?query=http://bad",
+		&url.URL{
+			Path:     "/foo",
+			RawQuery: "query=http://bad",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// leading // without scheme should create an authority
+	{
+		"//foo",
+		&url.URL{
+			Host: "foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// leading // without scheme, with userinfo, path, and query
+	{
+		"//user@foo/path?a=b",
+		&url.URL{
+			User:     url.User("user"),
+			Host:     "foo",
+			Path:     "/path",
+			RawQuery: "a=b",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// Three leading slashes isn't an authority, but doesn't return an error.
+	// (We can't return an error, as this code is also used via
+	// ServeHTTP -> ReadRequest -> Parse, which is arguably a
+	// different URL parsing context, but currently shares the
+	// same codepath)
+	{
+		"///threeslashes",
+		&url.URL{
+			Path: "///threeslashes",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://user:password@google.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword("user", "password"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://user:password@google.com",
+	},
+	// unescaped @ in username should not confuse host
+	{
+		"http://j@ne:password@google.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword("j@ne", "password"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://j%40ne:password@google.com",
+	},
+	// unescaped @ in password should not confuse host
+	{
+		"http://jane:p@ssword@google.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword("jane", "p@ssword"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"http://jane:p%40ssword@google.com",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://j@ne:password@google.com/p@th?q=@go",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			User:     url.UserPassword("j@ne", "password"),
+			Host:     "google.com",
+			Path:     "/p@th",
+			RawQuery: "q=@go",
+		},
+		"http://j%40ne:password@google.com/p@th?q=@go",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+			Fragment: "foo",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	{
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo%26bar",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "www.google.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=go+language",
+			Fragment: "foo&bar",
+		},
+		"http://www.google.com/?q=go+language#foo&bar",
+	},
+	{
+		"file:///home/adg/rabbits",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "file",
+			Host:   "",
+			Path:   "/home/adg/rabbits",
+		},
+		"file:///home/adg/rabbits",
+	},
+	// "Windows" paths are no exception to the rule.
+	// See golang.org/issue/6027, especially comment #9.
+	{
+		"file:///C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "file",
+			Host:   "",
+			Path:   "/C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+		},
+		"file:///C:/FooBar/Baz.txt",
+	},
+	// case-insensitive scheme
+	{
+		"MaIlTo:webmaster@golang.org",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "mailto",
+			Opaque: "webmaster@golang.org",
+		},
+		"mailto:webmaster@golang.org",
+	},
+	// Relative path
+	{
+		"a/b/c",
+		&url.URL{
+			Path: "a/b/c",
+		},
+		"a/b/c",
+	},
+	// escaped '?' in username and password
+	{
+		"http://%3Fam:pa%3Fsword@google.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword("?am", "pa?sword"),
+			Host:   "google.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// escaped '?' and '#' in path
+	{
+		"http://example.com/%3F%23",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "?#",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped [ ] ! ' ( ) * in path
+	{
+		"http://example.com/[]!'()*",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "example.com",
+			Path:   "[]!'()*",
+		},
+		"http://example.com/[]!'()*",
+	},
+	// escaped : / ? # [ ] @ in username and password
+	{
+		"http://%3A%2F%3F:%23%5B%5D%40@example.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword(":/?", "#[]@"),
+			Host:   "example.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped ! $ & ' ( ) * + , ; = in username and password
+	{
+		"http://!$&'():*+,;=@example.com",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			User:   url.UserPassword("!$&'()", "*+,;="),
+			Host:   "example.com",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped = : / . ? = in query component
+	{
+		"http://example.com/?q=http://google.com/?q=",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "example.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			RawQuery: "q=http://google.com/?q=",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+	// unescaped : / ? [ ] @ ! $ & ' ( ) * + , ; = in fragment
+	{
+		"http://example.com/#:/?%23[]@!$&'()*+,;=",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme:   "http",
+			Host:     "example.com",
+			Path:     "/",
+			Fragment: ":/?#[]@!$&'()*+,;=",
+		},
+		"",
+	},
+}
+
+func DoTestString(t *testing.T, parse func(string) (*url.URL, error), name string, tests []URLTest) {
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		u, err := parse(tt.in)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s(%q) returned error %s", name, tt.in, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		expected := tt.in
+		if len(tt.roundtrip) > 0 {
+			expected = tt.roundtrip
+		}
+		s := Escape(u)
+		if s != expected {
+			t.Errorf("Escape(%s(%q)) == %q (expected %q)", name, tt.in, s, expected)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestURLString(t *testing.T) {
+	DoTestString(t, url.Parse, "Parse", urltests)
+
+	// no leading slash on path should prepend
+	// slash on String() call
+	noslash := URLTest{
+		"http://www.google.com/search",
+		&url.URL{
+			Scheme: "http",
+			Host:   "www.google.com",
+			Path:   "search",
+		},
+		"",
+	}
+	s := Escape(noslash.out)
+	if s != noslash.in {
+		t.Errorf("Expected %s; go %s", noslash.in, s)
+	}
+}
+
+type EscapeTest struct {
+	in  string
+	out string
+	err error
+}
+
+var escapeTests = []EscapeTest{
+	{
+		"",
+		"",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"abc",
+		"abc",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"one two",
+		"one+two",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		"10%",
+		"10%25",
+		nil,
+	},
+	{
+		" ?&=#+%!<>#\"{}|\\^[]`☺\t:/@$'()*,;",
+		"+?%26%3D%23%2B%25%21%3C%3E%23%22%7B%7D%7C%5C%5E%5B%5D%60%E2%98%BA%09%3A/%40%24%27%28%29%2A%2C%3B",
+		nil,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range escapeTests {
+		actual := QueryEscape(tt.in)
+		if tt.out != actual {
+			t.Errorf("QueryEscape(%q) = %q, want %q", tt.in, actual, tt.out)
+		}
+
+		// for bonus points, verify that escape:unescape is an identity.
+		roundtrip, err := url.QueryUnescape(actual)
+		if roundtrip != tt.in || err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("QueryUnescape(%q) = %q, %s; want %q, %s", actual, roundtrip, err, tt.in, "[no error]")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+var resolveReferenceTests = []struct {
+	base, rel, expected string
+}{
+	// Absolute URL references
+	{"http://foo.com?a=b", "https://bar.com/", "https://bar.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/", "https://bar.com/?a=b", "https://bar.com/?a=b"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "mailto:foo@example.com", "mailto:foo@example.com"},
+
+	// Path-absolute references
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "/baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar?a=b#f", "/baz", "http://foo.com/baz"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar?a=b", "/baz?c=d", "http://foo.com/baz?c=d"},
+
+	// Scheme-relative
+	{"https://foo.com/bar?a=b", "//bar.com/quux", "https://bar.com/quux"},
+
+	// Path-relative references:
+
+	// ... current directory
+	{"http://foo.com", ".", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", ".", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/", ".", "http://foo.com/bar/"},
+
+	// ... going down
+	{"http://foo.com", "bar", "http://foo.com/bar"},
+	{"http://foo.com/", "bar", "http://foo.com/bar"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux", "http://foo.com/bar/quux"},
+
+	// ... going up
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "../quux", "http://foo.com/quux"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "../../../../../quux", "http://foo.com/quux"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "..", "http://foo.com/"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "./..", "http://foo.com/"},
+	// ".." in the middle (issue 3560)
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/dotdot/../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/.././tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/./../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/././../../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/./.././../tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/dotdot/dotdot/./../../.././././tail", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/tail"},
+	{"http://foo.com/bar/baz", "quux/./dotdot/../dotdot/../dot/./tail/..", "http://foo.com/bar/quux/dot/"},
+
+	// Remove any dot-segments prior to forming the target URI.
+	// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.2.4
+	{"http://foo.com/dot/./dotdot/../foo/bar", "../baz", "http://foo.com/dot/baz"},
+
+	// Triple dot isn't special
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", "...", "http://foo.com/..."},
+
+	// Fragment
+	{"http://foo.com/bar", ".#frag", "http://foo.com/#frag"},
+
+	// RFC 3986: Normal Examples
+	// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.4.1
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g:h", "g:h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g", "http://a/b/c/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./g", "http://a/b/c/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/", "http://a/b/c/g/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g", "http://g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "?y", "http://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y", "http://a/b/c/g?y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "#s", "http://a/b/c/d;p?q#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s", "http://a/b/c/g#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y#s", "http://a/b/c/g?y#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ";x", "http://a/b/c/;x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x", "http://a/b/c/g;x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x?y#s", "http://a/b/c/g;x?y#s"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "", "http://a/b/c/d;p?q"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ".", "http://a/b/c/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./", "http://a/b/c/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "..", "http://a/b/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../", "http://a/b/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../g", "http://a/b/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../..", "http://a/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../", "http://a/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../g", "http://a/g"},
+
+	// RFC 3986: Abnormal Examples
+	// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-5.4.2
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "../../../../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/./g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "/../g", "http://a/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g.", "http://a/b/c/g."},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", ".g", "http://a/b/c/.g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g..", "http://a/b/c/g.."},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "..g", "http://a/b/c/..g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./../g", "http://a/b/g"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "./g/.", "http://a/b/c/g/"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/./h", "http://a/b/c/g/h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g/../h", "http://a/b/c/h"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x=1/./y", "http://a/b/c/g;x=1/y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g;x=1/../y", "http://a/b/c/y"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y/./x", "http://a/b/c/g?y/./x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g?y/../x", "http://a/b/c/g?y/../x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s/./x", "http://a/b/c/g#s/./x"},
+	{"http://a/b/c/d;p?q", "g#s/../x", "http://a/b/c/g#s/../x"},
+
+	// Extras.
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g?q", "https://g?q"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g#s", "https://g#s"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q", "//g/d/e/f?y#s", "https://g/d/e/f?y#s"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p#s", "?y", "https://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+	{"https://a/b/c/d;p?q#s", "?y", "https://a/b/c/d;p?y"},
+}
+
+func TestResolveReference(t *testing.T) {
+	mustParse := func(url_ string) *url.URL {
+		u, err := url.Parse(url_)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected URL to parse: %q, got error: %v", url_, err)
+		}
+		return u
+	}
+	opaque := &url.URL{Scheme: "scheme", Opaque: "opaque"}
+	for _, test := range resolveReferenceTests {
+		base := mustParse(test.base)
+		rel := mustParse(test.rel)
+		url := base.ResolveReference(rel)
+		if Escape(url) != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).ResolveReference(%q) == %q, got %q", test.base, test.rel, test.expected, Escape(url))
+		}
+		// Ensure that new instances are returned.
+		if base == url {
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.ResolveReference to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+		// Test the convenience wrapper too.
+		url, err := base.Parse(test.rel)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).Parse(%q) failed: %v", test.base, test.rel, err)
+		} else if Escape(url) != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("URL(%q).Parse(%q) == %q, got %q", test.base, test.rel, test.expected, Escape(url))
+		} else if base == url {
+			// Ensure that new instances are returned for the wrapper too.
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.Parse to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+		// Ensure Opaque resets the URL.
+		url = base.ResolveReference(opaque)
+		if *url != *opaque {
+			t.Errorf("ResolveReference failed to resolve opaque URL: want %#v, got %#v", url, opaque)
+		}
+		// Test the convenience wrapper with an opaque URL too.
+		url, err = base.Parse("scheme:opaque")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf(`URL(%q).Parse("scheme:opaque") failed: %v`, test.base, err)
+		} else if *url != *opaque {
+			t.Errorf("Parse failed to resolve opaque URL: want %#v, got %#v", url, opaque)
+		} else if base == url {
+			// Ensure that new instances are returned, again.
+			t.Errorf("Expected URL.Parse to return new URL instance.")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type shouldEscapeTest struct {
+	in     byte
+	mode   encoding
+	escape bool
+}
+
+var shouldEscapeTests = []shouldEscapeTest{
+	// Unreserved characters (§2.3)
+	{'a', encodePath, false},
+	{'a', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'a', encodeQueryComponent, false},
+	{'a', encodeFragment, false},
+	{'z', encodePath, false},
+	{'A', encodePath, false},
+	{'Z', encodePath, false},
+	{'0', encodePath, false},
+	{'9', encodePath, false},
+	{'-', encodePath, false},
+	{'-', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'-', encodeQueryComponent, false},
+	{'-', encodeFragment, false},
+	{'.', encodePath, false},
+	{'_', encodePath, false},
+	{'~', encodePath, false},
+
+	// User information (§3.2.1)
+	{':', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'/', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'?', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'@', encodeUserPassword, true},
+	{'$', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'&', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'+', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{',', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{';', encodeUserPassword, false},
+	{'=', encodeUserPassword, false},
+}
+
+func TestShouldEscape(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range shouldEscapeTests {
+		if shouldEscape(tt.in, tt.mode) != tt.escape {
+			t.Errorf("shouldEscape(%q, %v) returned %v; expected %v", tt.in, tt.mode, !tt.escape, tt.escape)
+		}
+	}
+}