exiftool_vendored 10.31.0 → 10.40.0

data/bin/Image-ExifTool-10.40/lib/Image/ExifTool/CanonRaw.pm

@@ -0,0 +1,910 @@
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# File:         CanonRaw.pm
+#
+# Description:  Read Canon RAW (CRW) meta information
+#
+# Revisions:    11/25/2003 - P. Harvey Created
+#               12/02/2003 - P. Harvey Completely reworked and figured out many
+#                            more tags
+#
+# References:   1) http://www.cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/
+#               2) http://www.wonderland.org/crw/
+#               3) http://xyrion.org/ciff/CIFFspecV1R04.pdf
+#               4) Dave Nicholson private communication (PowerShot S30)
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+package Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw;
+
+use strict;
+use vars qw($VERSION $AUTOLOAD %crwTagFormat);
+use Image::ExifTool qw(:DataAccess :Utils);
+use Image::ExifTool::Exif;
+use Image::ExifTool::Canon;
+
+$VERSION = '1.58';
+
+sub WriteCRW($$);
+sub ProcessCanonRaw($$$);
+sub WriteCanonRaw($$$);
+sub CheckCanonRaw($$$);
+sub InitMakerNotes($);
+sub SaveMakerNotes($);
+sub BuildMakerNotes($$$$$$);
+
+# formats for CRW tag types (($tag >> 8) & 0x38)
+# Note: don't define format for undefined types
+%crwTagFormat = (
+    0x00 => 'int8u',
+    0x08 => 'string',
+    0x10 => 'int16u',
+    0x18 => 'int32u',
+  # 0x20 => 'undef',
+  # 0x28 => 'undef',
+  # 0x30 => 'undef',
+);
+
+# Canon raw file tag table
+# Note: Tag ID's have upper 2 bits set to zero, since these 2 bits
+# just specify the location of the information
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::Main = (
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&ProcessCanonRaw,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&WriteCanonRaw,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&CheckCanonRaw,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    0x0000 => { Name => 'NullRecord', Writable => 'undef' }, #3
+    0x0001 => { #3
+        Name => 'FreeBytes',
+        Format => 'undef',
+        Binary => 1,
+    },
+    0x0032 => { Name => 'CanonColorInfo1', Writable => 0 },
+    0x0805 => [
+        # this tag is found in more than one directory...
+        {
+            Condition => '$self->{DIR_NAME} eq "ImageDescription"',
+            Name => 'CanonFileDescription',
+            Writable => 'string[32]',
+        },
+        {
+            Name => 'UserComment',
+            Writable => 'string[256]',
+        },
+    ],
+    0x080a => {
+        Name => 'CanonRawMakeModel',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::MakeModel' },
+    },
+    0x080b => { Name => 'CanonFirmwareVersion', Writable => 'string[32]' },
+    0x080c => { Name => 'ComponentVersion',     Writable => 'string'     }, #3
+    0x080d => { Name => 'ROMOperationMode',     Writable => 'string[8]'  }, #3
+    0x0810 => { Name => 'OwnerName',            Writable => 'string[32]' },
+    0x0815 => { Name => 'CanonImageType',       Writable => 'string[32]' },
+    0x0816 => { Name => 'OriginalFileName',     Writable => 'string[32]' },
+    0x0817 => { Name => 'ThumbnailFileName',    Writable => 'string[32]' },
+    0x100a => { #3
+        Name => 'TargetImageType',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Real-world Subject',
+            1 => 'Written Document',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1010 => { #3
+        Name => 'ShutterReleaseMethod',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Single Shot',
+            2 => 'Continuous Shooting',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1011 => { #3
+        Name => 'ShutterReleaseTiming',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Priority on shutter',
+            1 => 'Priority on focus',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1016 => { Name => 'ReleaseSetting',       Writable => 'int16u' }, #3
+    0x101c => { Name => 'BaseISO',              Writable => 'int16u' }, #3
+    0x1028=> { #PH
+        Name => 'CanonFlashInfo',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+        Count => 4,
+        Unknown => 1,
+    },
+    0x1029 => {
+        Name => 'CanonFocalLength',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::FocalLength' },
+    },
+    0x102a => {
+        Name => 'CanonShotInfo',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::ShotInfo' },
+    },
+    0x102c => {
+        Name => 'CanonColorInfo2',
+        Writable => 0,
+        # for the S30, the following information has been decoded: (ref 4)
+        # offset 66: int32u - shutter half press time in ms
+        # offset 70: int32u - image capture time in ms
+        # offset 74: int16u - custom white balance flag (0=Off, 512=On)
+    },
+    0x102d => {
+        Name => 'CanonCameraSettings',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::CameraSettings' },
+    },
+    0x1030 => { #4
+        Name => 'WhiteSample',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => {
+            Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::WhiteSample',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1031 => {
+        Name => 'SensorInfo',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::SensorInfo' },
+    },
+    # this tag has only be verified for the 10D in CRW files, but the D30 and D60
+    # also produce CRW images and have CustomFunction information in their JPEG's
+    0x1033 => [
+        {
+            Name => 'CustomFunctions10D',
+            Condition => '$self->{Model} =~ /EOS 10D/',
+            SubDirectory => {
+                Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonCustom::Functions10D',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            Name => 'CustomFunctionsD30',
+            Condition => '$self->{Model} =~ /EOS D30\b/',
+            SubDirectory => {
+                Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonCustom::FunctionsD30',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            Name => 'CustomFunctionsD60',
+            Condition => '$self->{Model} =~ /EOS D60\b/',
+            SubDirectory => {
+                # the stored size in the D60 apparently doesn't include the size word:
+                Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size-2,$size)',
+                # (D60 custom functions are basically the same as D30)
+                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonCustom::FunctionsD30',
+            },
+        },
+        {
+            Name => 'CustomFunctionsUnknown',
+            SubDirectory => {
+                Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+                TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonCustom::FuncsUnknown',
+            },
+        },
+    ],
+    0x1038 => {
+        Name => 'CanonAFInfo',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::AFInfo' },
+    },
+    0x1093 => {
+        Name => 'CanonFileInfo',
+        SubDirectory => {
+            Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::FileInfo',
+        },
+    },
+    0x10a9 => {
+        Name => 'ColorBalance',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::ColorBalance' },
+    },
+    0x10b5 => { #PH
+        Name => 'RawJpgInfo',
+        SubDirectory => {
+            Validate => 'Image::ExifTool::Canon::Validate($dirData,$subdirStart,$size)',
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::RawJpgInfo',
+        },
+    },
+    0x10ae => {
+        Name => 'ColorTemperature',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+    },
+    0x10b4 => {
+        Name => 'ColorSpace',
+        Writable => 'int16u',
+        PrintConv => {
+            1 => 'sRGB',
+            2 => 'Adobe RGB',
+            0xffff => 'Uncalibrated',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1803 => { #3
+        Name => 'ImageFormat',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ImageFormat' },
+    },
+    0x1804 => { Name => 'RecordID', Writable => 'int32u' }, #3
+    0x1806 => { #3
+        Name => 'SelfTimerTime',
+        Writable => 'int32u',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 1000',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 1000',
+        PrintConv => '"$val s"',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*s.*//;$val',
+    },
+    0x1807 => {
+        Name => 'TargetDistanceSetting',
+        Format => 'float',
+        PrintConv => '"$val mm"',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val=~s/\s*mm$//;$val',
+    },
+    0x180b => [
+        {
+            # D30
+            Name => 'SerialNumber',
+            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /EOS D30\b/',
+            Writable => 'int32u',
+            PrintConv => 'sprintf("%x-%.5d",$val>>16,$val&0xffff)',
+            PrintConvInv => '$val=~/(.*)-(\d+)/ ? (hex($1)<<16)+$2 : undef',
+        },
+        {
+            # all EOS models (D30, 10D, 300D)
+            Name => 'SerialNumber',
+            Condition => '$$self{Model} =~ /EOS/',
+            Writable => 'int32u',
+            PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.10d",$val)',
+            PrintConvInv => '$val',
+        },
+        {
+            # this is not SerialNumber for PowerShot models (but what is it?) - PH
+            Name => 'UnknownNumber',
+            Unknown => 1,
+        },
+    ],
+    0x180e => {
+        Name => 'TimeStamp',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => {
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::TimeStamp',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1810 => {
+        Name => 'ImageInfo',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => {
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ImageInfo',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1813 => { #3
+        Name => 'FlashInfo',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => {
+            TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::FlashInfo',
+        },
+    },
+    0x1814 => { #3
+        Name => 'MeasuredEV',
+        Notes => q{
+            this is the Canon name for what could better be called MeasuredLV, and
+            should be close to the calculated LightValue for a proper exposure with most
+            models
+        },
+        Format => 'float',
+        ValueConv => '$val + 5',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val - 5',
+    },
+    0x1817 => {
+        Name => 'FileNumber',
+        Writable => 'int32u',
+        Groups => { 2 => 'Image' },
+        PrintConv => '$_=$val;s/(\d+)(\d{4})/$1-$2/;$_',
+        PrintConvInv => '$_=$val;s/-//;$_',
+    },
+    0x1818 => { #3
+        Name => 'ExposureInfo',
+        Groups => { 1 => 'CIFF' }, # (only so CIFF shows up in group lists)
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ExposureInfo' },
+    },
+    0x1834 => { #PH
+        Name => 'CanonModelID',
+        Writable => 'int32u',
+        PrintHex => 1,
+        Notes => q{
+            this is the complete list of model ID numbers, but note that many of these
+            models do not produce CRW images
+        },
+        SeparateTable => 'Canon CanonModelID',
+        PrintConv => \%Image::ExifTool::Canon::canonModelID,
+    },
+    0x1835 => {
+        Name => 'DecoderTable',
+        Writable => 0,
+        SubDirectory => { TagTable => 'Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::DecoderTable' },
+    },
+    0x183b => { #PH
+        # display format for serial number
+        Name => 'SerialNumberFormat',
+        Writable => 'int32u',
+        PrintHex => 1,
+        PrintConv => {
+            0x90000000 => 'Format 1',
+            0xa0000000 => 'Format 2',
+        },
+    },
+    0x2005 => {
+        Name => 'RawData',
+        Writable => 0,
+        Binary => 1,
+    },
+    0x2007 => {
+        Name => 'JpgFromRaw',
+        Groups => { 2 => 'Preview' },
+        Writable => 'resize',  # 'resize' allows this value to change size
+        Permanent => 0,
+        RawConv => '$self->ValidateImage(\$val,$tag)',
+    },
+    0x2008 => {
+        Name => 'ThumbnailImage',
+        Groups => { 2 => 'Preview' },
+        Writable => 'resize',  # 'resize' allows this value to change size
+        WriteCheck => '$self->CheckImage(\$val)',
+        Permanent => 0,
+        RawConv => '$self->ValidateImage(\$val,$tag)',
+    },
+    # the following entries are subdirectories
+    # (any 0x28 and 0x30 tag types are handled automatically by the decoding logic)
+    0x2804 => {
+        Name => 'ImageDescription',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x2807 => { #3
+        Name => 'CameraObject',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x3002 => { #3
+        Name => 'ShootingRecord',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x3003 => { #3
+        Name => 'MeasuredInfo',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x3004 => { #3
+        Name => 'CameraSpecification',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x300a => { #3
+        Name => 'ImageProps',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+    0x300b => {
+        Name => 'ExifInformation',
+        SubDirectory => { },
+        Writable => 0,
+    },
+);
+
+# Canon binary data blocks
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::MakeModel = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    DATAMEMBER => [ 0, 6 ], # indices of data members to extract when writing
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'string',
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
+    # (can't specify a first entry because this isn't
+    # a simple binary table with fixed offsets)
+    0 => {
+        Name => 'Make',
+        Format => 'string[6]',  # "Canon\0"
+        DataMember => 'Make',
+        RawConv => '$self->{Make} = $val',
+    },
+    6 => {
+        Name => 'Model',
+        Format => 'string', # no size = to the end of the data
+        Description => 'Camera Model Name',
+        DataMember => 'Model',
+        RawConv => '$self->{Model} = $val',
+    },
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::TimeStamp = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'int32u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Time' },
+    0 => {
+        Name => 'DateTimeOriginal',
+        Description => 'Date/Time Original',
+        Shift => 'Time',
+        ValueConv => 'ConvertUnixTime($val)',
+        ValueConvInv => 'GetUnixTime($val)',
+        PrintConv => '$self->ConvertDateTime($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => '$self->InverseDateTime($val)',
+    },
+    1 => { #3
+        Name => 'TimeZoneCode',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+        ValueConv => '$val / 3600',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val * 3600',
+    },
+    2 => { #3
+        Name => 'TimeZoneInfo',
+        Notes => 'set to 0x80000000 if TimeZoneCode is valid',
+    },
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ImageFormat = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'int32u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Image' },
+    0 => {
+        Name => 'FileFormat',
+        Flags => 'PrintHex',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0x00010000 => 'JPEG (lossy)',
+            0x00010002 => 'JPEG (non-quantization)',
+            0x00010003 => 'JPEG (lossy/non-quantization toggled)',
+            0x00020001 => 'CRW',
+        },
+    },
+    1 => {
+        Name => 'TargetCompressionRatio',
+        Format => 'float',
+    },
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::RawJpgInfo = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'int16u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 1,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Image' },
+#    0 => 'RawJpgInfoSize',
+    1 => { #PH
+        Name => 'RawJpgQuality',
+        PrintConv => {
+            1 => 'Economy',
+            2 => 'Normal',
+            3 => 'Fine',
+            5 => 'Superfine',
+        },
+    },
+    2 => { #PH
+        Name => 'RawJpgSize',
+        PrintConv => {
+            0 => 'Large',
+            1 => 'Medium',
+            2 => 'Small',
+        },
+    },
+    3 => 'RawJpgWidth', #PH
+    4 => 'RawJpgHeight', #PH
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::FlashInfo = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'float',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Image' },
+    0 => 'FlashGuideNumber',
+    1 => 'FlashThreshold',
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ExposureInfo = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    WRITABLE => 1,
+    FORMAT => 'float',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Image' },
+    0 => 'ExposureCompensation',
+    1 => {
+        Name => 'ShutterSpeedValue',
+        ValueConv => 'abs($val)<100 ? 1/(2**$val) : 0',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val>0 ? -log($val)/log(2) : -100',
+        PrintConv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::PrintExposureTime($val)',
+        PrintConvInv => 'Image::ExifTool::Exif::ConvertFraction($val)',
+    },
+    2 => {
+        Name => 'ApertureValue',
+        ValueConv => '2 ** ($val / 2)',
+        ValueConvInv => '$val>0 ? 2*log($val)/log(2) : 0',
+        PrintConv => 'sprintf("%.1f",$val)',
+        PrintConvInv => '$val',
+    },
+);
+
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::ImageInfo = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    FORMAT => 'int32u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Image' },
+    # Note: Don't make these writable (except rotation) because it confuses
+    # Canon decoding software if the are changed
+    0 => 'ImageWidth', #3
+    1 => 'ImageHeight', #3
+    2 => { #3
+        Name => 'PixelAspectRatio',
+        Format => 'float',
+    },
+    3 => {
+        Name => 'Rotation',
+        Format => 'int32s',
+        Writable => 'int32s',
+    },
+    4 => 'ComponentBitDepth', #3
+    5 => 'ColorBitDepth', #3
+    6 => 'ColorBW', #3
+);
+
+# ref 4
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::DecoderTable = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
+    FORMAT => 'int32u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 0,
+    0 => 'DecoderTableNumber',
+    2 => 'CompressedDataOffset',
+    3 => 'CompressedDataLength',
+);
+
+# ref 1/4
+%Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::WhiteSample = (
+    PROCESS_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::ProcessBinaryData,
+    WRITE_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::WriteBinaryData,
+    CHECK_PROC => \&Image::ExifTool::CheckBinaryData,
+    GROUPS => { 0 => 'MakerNotes', 2 => 'Camera' },
+    FORMAT => 'int16u',
+    FIRST_ENTRY => 1,
+    1 => 'WhiteSampleWidth',
+    2 => 'WhiteSampleHeight',
+    3 => 'WhiteSampleLeftBorder',
+    4 => 'WhiteSampleTopBorder',
+    5 => 'WhiteSampleBits',
+    # this is followed by the encrypted white sample values (ref 1)
+);
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# AutoLoad our writer routines when necessary
+#
+sub AUTOLOAD
+{
+    return Image::ExifTool::DoAutoLoad($AUTOLOAD, @_);
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Process Raw file directory
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference
+#         1) directory information reference, 2) tag table reference
+# Returns: 1 on success
+sub ProcessCanonRaw($$$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo, $rawTagTable) = @_;
+    my $blockStart = $$dirInfo{DirStart};
+    my $blockSize = $$dirInfo{DirLen};
+    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF} or return 0;
+    my $buff;
+    my $verbose = $et->Options('Verbose');
+    my $buildMakerNotes = $et->Options('MakerNotes');
+
+    # 4 bytes at end of block give directory position within block
+    $raf->Seek($blockStart+$blockSize-4, 0) or return 0;
+    $raf->Read($buff, 4) == 4 or return 0;
+    my $dirOffset = Get32u(\$buff,0) + $blockStart;
+    $raf->Seek($dirOffset, 0) or return 0;
+    $raf->Read($buff, 2) == 2 or return 0;
+    my $entries = Get16u(\$buff,0);         # get number of entries in directory
+    # read the directory (10 bytes per entry)
+    $raf->Read($buff, 10 * $entries) == 10 * $entries or return 0;
+
+    $verbose and $et->VerboseDir('CIFF', $entries);
+    my $index;
+    for ($index=0; $index<$entries; ++$index) {
+        my $pt = 10 * $index;
+        my $tag = Get16u(\$buff, $pt);
+        my $size = Get32u(\$buff, $pt+2);
+        my $valuePtr = Get32u(\$buff, $pt+6);
+        my $ptr = $valuePtr + $blockStart;  # all pointers relative to block start
+        if ($tag & 0x8000) {
+            $et->Warn('Bad CRW directory entry');
+            return 1;
+        }
+        my $tagID = $tag & 0x3fff;          # get tag ID
+        my $tagType = ($tag >> 8) & 0x38;   # get tag type
+        my $valueInDir = ($tag & 0x4000);   # flag for value in directory
+        my $tagInfo = $et->GetTagInfo($rawTagTable, $tagID);
+        if (($tagType==0x28 or $tagType==0x30) and not $valueInDir) {
+            # this type of tag specifies a raw subdirectory
+            my $name;
+            $tagInfo and $name = $$tagInfo{Name};
+            $name or $name = sprintf("CanonRaw_0x%.4x", $tag);
+            my %subdirInfo = (
+                DirName  => $name,
+                DataLen  => 0,
+                DirStart => $ptr,
+                DirLen   => $size,
+                Nesting  => $$dirInfo{Nesting} + 1,
+                RAF      => $raf,
+                Parent   => $$dirInfo{DirName},
+            );
+            if ($verbose) {
+                my $fakeInfo = { Name => $name, SubDirectory => { } };
+                $et->VerboseInfo($tagID, $fakeInfo,
+                    'Index'  => $index,
+                    'Size'   => $size,
+                    'Start'  => $ptr,
+                );
+            }
+            $et->ProcessDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $rawTagTable);
+            next;
+        }
+        my ($valueDataPos, $count, $subdir);
+        my $format = $crwTagFormat{$tagType};
+        if ($tagInfo) {
+            $subdir = $$tagInfo{SubDirectory};
+            $format = $$tagInfo{Format} if $$tagInfo{Format};
+            $count = $$tagInfo{Count};
+        }
+        # get value data
+        my ($value, $delRawConv);
+        if ($valueInDir) {  # is the value data in the directory?
+            # this type of tag stores the value in the 'size' and 'ptr' fields
+            $valueDataPos = $dirOffset + $pt + 4;
+            $size = 8;
+            $value = substr($buff, $pt+2, $size);
+            # set count to 1 by default for normal values in directory
+            $count = 1 if not defined $count and $format and
+                          $format ne 'string' and not $subdir;
+        } else {
+            $valueDataPos = $ptr;
+            if ($size <= 512 or ($verbose > 2 and $size <= 65536)
+                or ($tagInfo and ($$tagInfo{SubDirectory}
+                or grep(/^$$tagInfo{Name}$/i, $et->GetRequestedTags()) )))
+            {
+                # read value if size is small or specifically requested
+                # or if this is a SubDirectory
+                unless ($raf->Seek($ptr, 0) and $raf->Read($value, $size) == $size) {
+                    $et->Warn(sprintf("Error reading %d bytes from 0x%x",$size,$ptr));
+                    next;
+                }
+            } else {
+                $value = "Binary data $size bytes";
+                if ($tagInfo) {
+                    if ($et->Options('Binary') or $verbose) {
+                        # read the value anyway
+                        unless ($raf->Seek($ptr, 0) and $raf->Read($value, $size) == $size) {
+                            $et->Warn(sprintf("Error reading %d bytes from 0x%x",$size,$ptr));
+                            next;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    # force this to be a binary (scalar reference)
+                    $$tagInfo{RawConv} = '\$val';
+                    $delRawConv = 1;
+                }
+                $size = length $value;
+                undef $format;
+            }
+        }
+        # set count from tagInfo count if necessary
+        if ($format and not $count) {
+            # set count according to format and size
+            my $fnum = $Image::ExifTool::Exif::formatNumber{$format};
+            my $fsiz = $Image::ExifTool::Exif::formatSize[$fnum];
+            $count = int($size / $fsiz);
+        }
+        if ($verbose) {
+            my $val = $value;
+            $format and $val = ReadValue(\$val, 0, $format, $count, $size);
+            $et->VerboseInfo($tagID, $tagInfo,
+                Table   => $rawTagTable,
+                Index   => $index,
+                Value   => $val,
+                DataPt  => \$value,
+                DataPos => $valueDataPos,
+                Size    => $size,
+                Format  => $format,
+                Count   => $count,
+            );
+        }
+        if ($buildMakerNotes) {
+            # build maker notes information if requested
+            BuildMakerNotes($et, $tagID, $tagInfo, \$value, $format, $count);
+        }
+        next unless defined $tagInfo;
+
+        if ($subdir) {
+            my $name = $$tagInfo{Name};
+            my $newTagTable;
+            if ($$subdir{TagTable}) {
+                $newTagTable = GetTagTable($$subdir{TagTable});
+                unless ($newTagTable) {
+                    warn "Unknown tag table $$subdir{TagTable}\n";
+                    next;
+                }
+            } else {
+                warn "Must specify TagTable for SubDirectory $name\n";
+                next;
+            }
+            my $subdirStart = 0;
+            #### eval Start ()
+            $subdirStart = eval $$subdir{Start} if $$subdir{Start};
+            my $dirData = \$value;
+            my %subdirInfo = (
+                Name     => $name,
+                DataPt   => $dirData,
+                DataLen  => $size,
+                DataPos  => $valueDataPos,
+                DirStart => $subdirStart,
+                DirLen   => $size - $subdirStart,
+                Nesting  => $$dirInfo{Nesting} + 1,
+                RAF      => $raf,
+                DirName  => $name,
+                Parent   => $$dirInfo{DirName},
+            );
+            #### eval Validate ($dirData, $subdirStart, $size)
+            if (defined $$subdir{Validate} and not eval $$subdir{Validate}) {
+                $et->Warn("Invalid $name data");
+            } else {
+                $et->ProcessDirectory(\%subdirInfo, $newTagTable, $$subdir{ProcessProc});
+            }
+        } else {
+            # convert to specified format if necessary
+            $format and $value = ReadValue(\$value, 0, $format, $count, $size);
+            # save the information
+            $et->FoundTag($tagInfo, $value);
+            delete $$tagInfo{RawConv} if $delRawConv;
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# get information from raw file
+# Inputs: 0) ExifTool object reference, 1) dirInfo reference
+# Returns: 1 if this was a valid Canon RAW file
+sub ProcessCRW($$)
+{
+    my ($et, $dirInfo) = @_;
+    my ($buff, $sig);
+    my $raf = $$dirInfo{RAF};
+    my $buildMakerNotes = $et->Options('MakerNotes');
+
+    $raf->Read($buff,2) == 2      or return 0;
+    SetByteOrder($buff)           or return 0;
+    $raf->Read($buff,4) == 4      or return 0;
+    $raf->Read($sig,8) == 8       or return 0;  # get file signature
+    $sig =~ /^HEAP(CCDR|JPGM)/    or return 0;  # validate signature
+    my $hlen = Get32u(\$buff, 0);
+
+    $raf->Seek(0, 2)              or return 0;  # seek to end of file
+    my $filesize = $raf->Tell()   or return 0;
+
+    # initialize maker note data if building maker notes
+    $buildMakerNotes and InitMakerNotes($et);
+
+    # set the FileType tag unless already done (eg. APP0 CIFF record in JPEG image)
+    $et->SetFileType();
+
+    # build directory information for main raw directory
+    my %dirInfo = (
+        DataLen  => 0,
+        DirStart => $hlen,
+        DirLen   => $filesize - $hlen,
+        Nesting  => 0,
+        RAF      => $raf,
+        Parent   => 'CRW',
+    );
+
+    # process the raw directory
+    my $rawTagTable = GetTagTable('Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw::Main');
+    my $oldIndent = $$et{INDENT};
+    $$et{INDENT} .= '| ';
+    unless (ProcessCanonRaw($et, \%dirInfo, $rawTagTable)) {
+        $et->Warn('CRW file format error');
+    }
+    $$et{INDENT} = $oldIndent;
+
+    # finish building maker notes if necessary
+    $buildMakerNotes and SaveMakerNotes($et);
+
+    # process trailers if they exist in CRW file (not in CIFF information!)
+    if ($$et{FILE_TYPE} eq 'CRW') {
+        my $trailInfo = Image::ExifTool::IdentifyTrailer($raf);
+        $et->ProcessTrailers($trailInfo) if $trailInfo;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+}
+
+1;  # end
+
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Image::ExifTool::CanonRaw - Read Canon RAW (CRW) meta information
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+This module is loaded automatically by Image::ExifTool when required.
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module contains definitions required by Image::ExifTool to interpret
+meta information from Canon CRW raw files.  These files are written directly
+by some Canon cameras, and contain meta information similar to that found in
+the EXIF Canon maker notes.
+
+=head1 NOTES
+
+The CR2 format written by some Canon cameras is very different the CRW
+format processed by this module.  (CR2 is TIFF-based and uses standard EXIF
+tags.)
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Copyright 2003-2017, Phil Harvey (phil at owl.phy.queensu.ca)
+
+This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+=head1 REFERENCES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item L<http://www.cybercom.net/~dcoffin/dcraw/>
+
+=item L<http://www.wonderland.org/crw/>
+
+=item L<http://xyrion.org/ciff/>
+
+=item L<http://owl.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/canon_raw.html>
+
+=back
+
+=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+Thanks to Dave Nicholson for decoding a number of new tags.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<Image::ExifTool::TagNames/CanonRaw Tags>,
+L<Image::ExifTool::Canon(3pm)|Image::ExifTool::Canon>,
+L<Image::ExifTool(3pm)|Image::ExifTool>
+
+=cut
+