leaflet-city-mapper 0.0.1 → 0.0.3

package/src/{utils/shaders.js → shaders/materialShaders.js}

@@ -1,237 +1,246 @@
-/** Material WGSL and texture bindings, without a GPU device or Leaflet layer. */
-export function materialShaders(material = {}, sparkle = false, elevationWGSL = '') {
-  const hasBase = Boolean(material.baseTexture);
-  const hasMetal = Boolean(material.metalTexture);
-  const hasEmissive = Boolean(material.emissiveTexture);
-  const hasOcclusion = Boolean(material.occlusionTexture);
-  const hasRoof = Boolean(material.roofTexture);
-  const hasTerrain = Boolean(material.terrain);
-  const textured = hasBase || hasMetal || hasEmissive || hasOcclusion || material.nightLight;
-  const vertex = `
-    struct Mesh {
-      worldMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      baseColor: vec4<f32>,
-      material: vec4<f32>,
-      emissive: vec4<f32>,
-      terrain: vec4<f32>,
-      highlight: vec4<f32>,
-    };
-    struct Frame {
-      viewMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      projectionMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      roofMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      lightDirection: vec4<f32>,
-      skyDirection: vec4<f32>,
-      atmosphereTint: vec4<f32>,
-    };
-    @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> u: Mesh;
-    @group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> frame: Frame;
-    struct Solar { matrix: mat4x4<f32>, params: vec4<f32> };
-    @group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> solar: Solar;
-    ${hasTerrain ? `@group(0) @binding(2) var dem: texture_2d<f32>;${elevationWGSL}` : ''}
-    struct VertexInput {
-      @location(0) position: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
-      ${material.vertexColors ? '@location(2) color: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
-      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
-    };
-    struct VertexOutput {
-      @builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
-      @location(0) color: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(2) viewPosition: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(6) shadowPosition: vec4<f32>,
-      @location(7) worldPosition: vec3<f32>,
-      ${sparkle ? '@location(8) localPosition: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
-      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
-      ${hasRoof ? '@location(4) roofUv: vec2<f32>, @location(5) roof: f32,' : ''}
-    };
-    @vertex fn vertexMain(input: VertexInput, @builtin(vertex_index) vertexIndex: u32) -> VertexOutput {
-      var output: VertexOutput;
-      var position = input.position;
-      ${hasTerrain ? 'position.y = elevation(u.terrain.xy + input.uv * u.terrain.z, u.terrain.w) - u.terrain.w;' : ''}
-      let highlighted = f32(vertexIndex) >= u.highlight.x && f32(vertexIndex) < u.highlight.y;
-      output.color = ${material.vertexColors
-        ? 'select(input.color, vec3<f32>(72.0 / 255.0, 217.0 / 255.0, 1.0), highlighted)'
-        : 'u.baseColor.rgb'};
-      // Inverse-transpose from cofactors; the camera view matrix is orthonormal.
-      let m = mat3x3<f32>(u.worldMatrix[0].xyz, u.worldMatrix[1].xyz, u.worldMatrix[2].xyz);
-      let normal = (cross(m[1], m[2]) * input.normal.x + cross(m[2], m[0]) * input.normal.y +
-        cross(m[0], m[1]) * input.normal.z) / determinant(m);
-      output.normal = (frame.viewMatrix * vec4<f32>(normal, 0.0)).xyz;
-      let world = u.worldMatrix * vec4<f32>(position, 1.0);
-      output.shadowPosition = solar.matrix * world;
-      output.worldPosition = world.xyz / world.w;
-      ${sparkle ? 'output.localPosition = input.position;' : ''}
-      let viewPosition = frame.viewMatrix * world;
-      output.viewPosition = viewPosition.xyz;
-      ${textured ? 'output.uv = input.uv;' : ''}
-      ${hasRoof ? `
-        output.roofUv = (frame.roofMatrix * world).xz;
-        output.roof = select(0.0, 1.0, input.normal.y >= 0.5 && !highlighted);
-      ` : ''}
-      output.position = frame.projectionMatrix * viewPosition;
-      return output;
-    }
-  `;
-  const bindings = [];
-  let binding = 3;
-  const textureBinding = (name, enabled) => {
-    if (!enabled) return '';
-    bindings.push({ name, texture: binding, sampler: binding + 1 });
-    const current = binding;
-    binding += 2;
-    return `@group(0) @binding(${current}) var ${name}: texture_2d<f32>;
-      @group(0) @binding(${current + 1}) var ${name}Sampler: sampler;`;
-  };
-  const baseBinding = textureBinding('baseTexture', hasBase);
-  const metalBinding = textureBinding('metalTexture', hasMetal);
-  const emissiveBinding = textureBinding('emissiveTexture', hasEmissive);
-  const occlusionBinding = textureBinding('occlusionTexture', hasOcclusion);
-  const roofBinding = textureBinding('roofTexture', hasRoof);
-  const fragment = `
-    struct Mesh {
-      worldMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      baseColor: vec4<f32>,
-      material: vec4<f32>,
-      emissive: vec4<f32>,
-      terrain: vec4<f32>,
-      highlight: vec4<f32>,
-    };
-    struct Frame {
-      viewMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      projectionMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      roofMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      lightDirection: vec4<f32>,
-      skyDirection: vec4<f32>,
-      atmosphereTint: vec4<f32>,
-    };
-    struct Solar {
-      matrix: mat4x4<f32>,
-      params: vec4<f32>,
-    };
-    @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> u: Mesh;
-    @group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> frame: Frame;
-    @group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> solar: Solar;
-    @group(1) @binding(1) var shadowTexture: texture_depth_2d;
-    @group(1) @binding(2) var shadowSampler: sampler_comparison;
-    @group(1) @binding(3) var<storage, read> lightGrid: array<vec4<f32>>;
-    ${baseBinding}${metalBinding}${emissiveBinding}${occlusionBinding}${roofBinding}
-    struct FragmentInput {
-      @location(0) color: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(2) viewPosition: vec3<f32>,
-      @location(6) shadowPosition: vec4<f32>,
-      @location(7) worldPosition: vec3<f32>,
-      ${sparkle  ? '@location(8) localPosition: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
-      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
-      ${hasRoof  ? '@location(4) roofUv: vec2<f32>, @location(5) roof: f32,' : ''}
-    };
-    const PI: f32 = 3.14159265;
-    fn toLinear(c: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
-      return select(c / 12.92, pow((c + vec3<f32>(0.055)) / 1.055, vec3<f32>(2.4)), c >= vec3<f32>(0.04045));
-    }
-    fn toSRGB(c: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
-      return select(c * 12.92, 1.055 * pow(max(c, vec3<f32>(0.0)), vec3<f32>(1.0 / 2.4)) - vec3<f32>(0.055), c >= vec3<f32>(0.0031308));
-    }
-    fn sunVisibility(position: vec4<f32>) -> f32 {
-      let p = position.xyz / position.w;
-      let uv = vec2<f32>(p.x * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.5 - p.y * 0.5);
-      if (solar.params.x < 0.5 || any(uv < vec2<f32>(0.0)) || any(uv > vec2<f32>(1.0)) || p.z < 0.0 || p.z > 1.0) {
-        return 1.0;
-      }
-      return textureSampleCompareLevel(shadowTexture, shadowSampler, uv, p.z - 0.0003);
-    }
-    fn localLighting(position: vec3<f32>, normal: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
-      if (frame.skyDirection.w <= 0.0 || lightGrid[0].w < 1.0) { return vec3<f32>(0.0); }
-      let cell = vec2<i32>(floor((position.xz - lightGrid[0].xy) / lightGrid[0].z));
-      if (any(cell < vec2<i32>(0)) || cell.x >= i32(lightGrid[0].w) || cell.y >= i32(lightGrid[1].x)) {
-        return vec3<f32>(0.0);
-      }
-      let header = lightGrid[2u + u32(cell.y) * u32(lightGrid[0].w) + u32(cell.x)];
-      var light = vec3<f32>(0.0);
-      for (var i = 0u; i < u32(header.y); i++) {
-        let source = lightGrid[u32(header.x) + i * 2u];
-        let colour = lightGrid[u32(header.x) + i * 2u + 1u];
-        let delta = source.xyz - position;
-        let distance2 = max(dot(delta, delta), 1.0);
-        let falloff = max(0.0, 1.0 - distance2 / (source.w * source.w));
-        let lambert = max(0.0, dot(normal, delta / sqrt(distance2)));
-        light += toLinear(colour.rgb) * colour.w * lambert * falloff * falloff / distance2;
-      }
-      return light * frame.skyDirection.w;
-    }
-    @fragment fn fragmentMain(input: FragmentInput, @builtin(front_facing) frontFacing: bool) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
-      ${material.nightLight ? `
-        if (input.uv.x <= 2.0) {
-        let radial = max(0.0, 1.0 - dot(input.uv, input.uv));
-        let alpha = radial * radial * frame.skyDirection.w * 0.65;
-        if (alpha < 0.005) { discard; }
-        return vec4<f32>(input.color, alpha);
-        }
-      ` : ''}
-      let sunlight = sunVisibility(input.shadowPosition);
-      let worldNormal = normalize(transpose(mat3x3<f32>(frame.viewMatrix[0].xyz, frame.viewMatrix[1].xyz, frame.viewMatrix[2].xyz)) * normalize(input.normal)) * select(-1.0, 1.0, frontFacing);
-      let artificial = localLighting(input.worldPosition, worldNormal);
-      ${material.unlit ? `
-        let rasterTexel = textureSample(baseTexture, baseTextureSampler, input.uv);
-        return vec4<f32>(toSRGB(toLinear(rasterTexel.rgb) * (frame.atmosphereTint.rgb * (0.55 + 0.45 * sunlight) + artificial)), ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'u.material.z * rasterTexel.a' : '1.0'});
-      ` : `
-      var normal = normalize(input.normal) * select(-1.0, 1.0, frontFacing);
-      let texel = ${hasBase ? 'textureSample(baseTexture, baseTextureSampler, input.uv)' : 'vec4<f32>(1.0)'};
-      let alpha = u.material.z * texel.a;
-      ${material.alphaMode === 'MASK' ? 'if (alpha < u.material.w) { discard; }' : ''}
-      ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'if (alpha < 0.01) { discard; }' : ''}
-      var base = ${material.vertexColors ? 'toLinear(min(input.color, vec3<f32>(1.0)))' : 'input.color'} *
-        ${material.baseTexture?.srgb ? 'texel.rgb' : 'toLinear(texel.rgb)'};
-      ${hasRoof ? `
-        if (input.roof > 0.5 && all(input.roofUv >= vec2<f32>(0.0)) &&
-          all(input.roofUv <= vec2<f32>(1.0))) {
-          let roof = textureSampleLevel(roofTexture, roofTextureSampler, input.roofUv, 0.0);
-          base = mix(base, toLinear(roof.rgb), roof.a);
-        }
-      ` : ''}
-      let mr = ${hasMetal ? 'textureSample(metalTexture, metalTextureSampler, input.uv)' : 'vec4<f32>(1.0)'};
-      let metal = clamp(u.material.x * mr.b, 0.0, 1.0);
-      let rough = clamp(u.material.y * mr.g, 0.08, 1.0);
-      let view = normalize(-input.viewPosition);
-      let halfVector = normalize(view + frame.lightDirection.xyz);
-      let nl = max(dot(normal, frame.lightDirection.xyz), 0.0) * frame.lightDirection.w * sunlight;
-      let nv = max(dot(normal, view), 0.001);
-      let nh = max(dot(normal, halfVector), 0.0);
-      let vh = max(dot(view, halfVector), 0.0);
-      let a2 = pow(rough, 4.0);
-      let d = a2 / max(PI * pow(nh * nh * (a2 - 1.0) + 1.0, 2.0), 0.0001);
-      let gv = nl * sqrt(nv * nv * (1.0 - a2) + a2);
-      let gl = nv * sqrt(nl * nl * (1.0 - a2) + a2);
-      let visibility = 0.5 / max(gv + gl, 0.0001);
-      let f0 = mix(vec3<f32>(0.04), base, metal);
-      let fresnel = f0 + (1.0 - f0) * pow(1.0 - vh, 5.0);
-      let specular = d * visibility * fresnel;
-      let diffuse = (1.0 - metal) * base / PI;
-      let sky = dot(normal, frame.skyDirection.xyz) * 0.5 + 0.5;
-      let ambient = mix(toLinear(vec3<f32>(0.455, 0.412, 0.322)), vec3<f32>(1.0), sky) * (2.0 / PI);
-      let ao = ${hasOcclusion ? 'mix(1.0, textureSample(occlusionTexture, occlusionTextureSampler, input.uv).r, u.emissive.w)' : '1.0'};
-      ${sparkle ? `
-        let lattice = (fract(input.localPosition / 2.5) - 0.5) * 2.5;
-        let pointGlow = (1.0 - smoothstep(0.16, 0.42, length(lattice))) * u.highlight.z;
-      ` : ''}
-      // Vertex colour components above 1 are self-lit (e.g. vehicle lamps): dim by day, bright at night.
-      let glow = ${sparkle ? 'vec3<f32>(3.0, 2.6, 1.8) * pointGlow +' : ''}${material.vertexColors
-        ? ' max(input.color - vec3<f32>(1.0), vec3<f32>(0.0)) * (0.3 + 5.0 * frame.skyDirection.w) +' : ''} u.emissive.rgb * ${
-        hasEmissive
-        ? material.emissiveTexture.srgb
-          ? 'textureSample(emissiveTexture, emissiveTextureSampler, input.uv).rgb'
-          : 'toLinear(textureSample(emissiveTexture, emissiveTextureSampler, input.uv).rgb)'
-        : 'vec3<f32>(1.0)'
-      };
-      var color = ambient * base * (1.0 - metal) * ao +
-        (diffuse + specular) * nl * toLinear(vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.937, 0.835)) * 3.0 + glow;
-      ${material.vertexColors ? 'color = base * (ambient + toLinear(vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.937, 0.835)) * (3.0 / PI) * nl) + glow;' : ''}
-      color = (color - glow) * frame.atmosphereTint.rgb + base * artificial * (1.0 - metal * 0.5) + glow;
-      return vec4<f32>(toSRGB(color), ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'alpha' : '1.0'});
-      `}
-    }
-  `;
-  return { vertex, fragment, bindings, textured, hasTerrain };
-}
+import { textureBinding } from '../rendering/textureBinding.js';
+
+/** Material WGSL and texture bindings, without a GPU device or Leaflet layer. */
+export function materialShaders(material = {}, sparkle = false, elevationWGSL = '') {
+  const hasBase = Boolean(material.baseTexture);
+  const hasMetal = Boolean(material.metalTexture);
+  const hasEmissive = Boolean(material.emissiveTexture);
+  const hasOcclusion = Boolean(material.occlusionTexture);
+  const hasRoof = Boolean(material.roofTexture);
+  const hasTerrain = Boolean(material.terrain);
+  const textured = hasBase || hasMetal || hasEmissive || hasOcclusion || material.nightLight;
+  const vertex = /* wgsl */ `
+    struct Mesh {
+      worldMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      baseColor: vec4<f32>,
+      material: vec4<f32>,
+      emissive: vec4<f32>,
+      terrain: vec4<f32>,
+      highlight: vec4<f32>,
+    };
+    struct Frame {
+      viewMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      projectionMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      roofMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      lightDirection: vec4<f32>,
+      skyDirection: vec4<f32>,
+      atmosphereTint: vec4<f32>,
+    };
+    @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> u: Mesh;
+    @group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> frame: Frame;
+    struct Solar { matrix: mat4x4<f32>, params: vec4<f32> };
+    @group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> solar: Solar;
+    ${hasTerrain ? /* wgsl */ `@group(0) @binding(2) var dem: texture_2d<f32>;${elevationWGSL}` : ''}
+    struct VertexInput {
+      @location(0) position: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
+      ${material.instanced ? '@location(4) instanceOffset: vec4<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${material.vertexColors ? '@location(2) color: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
+    };
+    struct VertexOutput {
+      @builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
+      @location(0) color: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(2) viewPosition: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(6) shadowPosition: vec4<f32>,
+      @location(7) worldPosition: vec3<f32>,
+      ${sparkle ? '@location(8) localPosition: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${hasRoof ? '@location(4) roofUv: vec2<f32>, @location(5) roof: f32,' : ''}
+    };
+    @vertex fn vertexMain(input: VertexInput, @builtin(vertex_index) vertexIndex: u32) -> VertexOutput {
+      var output: VertexOutput;
+      var position = input.position${material.instanced ? ' + input.instanceOffset.xyz' : ''};
+      ${hasTerrain ? 'position.y = elevation(u.terrain.xy + input.uv * u.terrain.z, u.terrain.w) - u.terrain.w;' : ''}
+      let featureVertex = f32(vertexIndex)${material.instanced ? ' + input.instanceOffset.w' : ''};
+      let highlighted = featureVertex >= u.highlight.x && featureVertex < u.highlight.y;
+      output.color = ${material.vertexColors
+      ? 'select(input.color, vec3<f32>(72.0 / 255.0, 217.0 / 255.0, 1.0), highlighted)'
+      : 'u.baseColor.rgb'};
+      // Inverse-transpose from cofactors; the camera view matrix is orthonormal.
+      let m = mat3x3<f32>(u.worldMatrix[0].xyz, u.worldMatrix[1].xyz, u.worldMatrix[2].xyz);
+      let normal = (cross(m[1], m[2]) * input.normal.x + cross(m[2], m[0]) * input.normal.y +
+        cross(m[0], m[1]) * input.normal.z) / determinant(m);
+      output.normal = (frame.viewMatrix * vec4<f32>(normal, 0.0)).xyz;
+      let world = u.worldMatrix * vec4<f32>(position, 1.0);
+      output.shadowPosition = solar.matrix * world;
+      output.worldPosition = world.xyz / world.w;
+      ${sparkle ? `output.localPosition = input.position${material.instanced ? ' + input.instanceOffset.xyz' : ''};` : ''}
+      let viewPosition = frame.viewMatrix * world;
+      output.viewPosition = viewPosition.xyz;
+      ${textured ? 'output.uv = input.uv;' : ''}
+      ${hasRoof ? /* wgsl */ `
+        output.roofUv = (frame.roofMatrix * world).xz;
+        output.roof = select(0.0, 1.0, input.normal.y >= 0.5 && !highlighted);
+      ` : ''}
+      output.position = frame.projectionMatrix * viewPosition;
+      return output;
+    }
+  `;
+  const bindings = [];
+  const baseBinding = textureBinding(bindings, 'baseTexture', hasBase);
+  const metalBinding = textureBinding(bindings, 'metalTexture', hasMetal);
+  const emissiveBinding = textureBinding(bindings, 'emissiveTexture', hasEmissive);
+  const occlusionBinding = textureBinding(bindings, 'occlusionTexture', hasOcclusion);
+  const roofBinding = textureBinding(bindings, 'roofTexture', hasRoof);
+  const fragment = /* wgsl */ `
+    struct Mesh {
+      worldMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      baseColor: vec4<f32>,
+      material: vec4<f32>,
+      emissive: vec4<f32>,
+      terrain: vec4<f32>,
+      highlight: vec4<f32>,
+    };
+    struct Frame {
+      viewMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      projectionMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      roofMatrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      lightDirection: vec4<f32>,
+      skyDirection: vec4<f32>,
+      atmosphereTint: vec4<f32>,
+    };
+    struct Solar {
+      matrix: mat4x4<f32>,
+      params: vec4<f32>,
+    };
+    @group(0) @binding(0) var<uniform> u: Mesh;
+    @group(0) @binding(1) var<uniform> frame: Frame;
+    @group(1) @binding(0) var<uniform> solar: Solar;
+    @group(1) @binding(1) var shadowTexture: texture_depth_2d;
+    @group(1) @binding(2) var shadowSampler: sampler_comparison;
+    @group(1) @binding(3) var<storage, read> lightGrid: array<vec4<f32>>;
+    ${baseBinding}${metalBinding}${emissiveBinding}${occlusionBinding}${roofBinding}
+    struct FragmentInput {
+      @builtin(position) position: vec4<f32>,
+      @location(0) color: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(1) normal: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(2) viewPosition: vec3<f32>,
+      @location(6) shadowPosition: vec4<f32>,
+      @location(7) worldPosition: vec3<f32>,
+      ${sparkle ? '@location(8) localPosition: vec3<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${textured ? '@location(3) uv: vec2<f32>,' : ''}
+      ${hasRoof ? '@location(4) roofUv: vec2<f32>, @location(5) roof: f32,' : ''}
+    };
+    const PI: f32 = 3.14159265;
+    fn toLinear(c: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
+      return select(c / 12.92, pow((c + vec3<f32>(0.055)) / 1.055, vec3<f32>(2.4)), c >= vec3<f32>(0.04045));
+    }
+    fn toSRGB(c: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
+      return select(c * 12.92, 1.055 * pow(max(c, vec3<f32>(0.0)), vec3<f32>(1.0 / 2.4)) - vec3<f32>(0.055), c >= vec3<f32>(0.0031308));
+    }
+    fn sunVisibility(position: vec4<f32>) -> f32 {
+      let p = position.xyz / position.w;
+      let uv = vec2<f32>(p.x * 0.5 + 0.5, 0.5 - p.y * 0.5);
+      if (solar.params.x < 0.5 || any(uv < vec2<f32>(0.0)) || any(uv > vec2<f32>(1.0)) || p.z < 0.0 || p.z > 1.0) {
+        return 1.0;
+      }
+      return textureSampleCompareLevel(shadowTexture, shadowSampler, uv, p.z - 0.0003);
+    }
+    fn gridLighting(position: vec3<f32>, normal: vec3<f32>, offset: u32) -> vec3<f32> {
+      let grid = lightGrid[offset];
+      if (grid.w < 1.0) { return vec3<f32>(0.0); }
+      let cell = vec2<i32>(floor((position.xz - grid.xy) / grid.z));
+      if (any(cell < vec2<i32>(0)) || cell.x >= i32(grid.w) || cell.y >= i32(lightGrid[offset + 1u].x)) {
+        return vec3<f32>(0.0);
+      }
+      let header = lightGrid[offset + 2u + u32(cell.y) * u32(grid.w) + u32(cell.x)];
+      var light = vec3<f32>(0.0);
+      for (var i = 0u; i < u32(header.y); i++) {
+        let source = lightGrid[offset + u32(header.x) + i * 2u];
+        let colour = lightGrid[offset + u32(header.x) + i * 2u + 1u];
+        let delta = source.xyz - position;
+        let distance2 = max(dot(delta, delta), 1.0);
+        let falloff = max(0.0, 1.0 - distance2 / (source.w * source.w));
+        let lambert = max(0.0, dot(normal, delta / sqrt(distance2)));
+        light += toLinear(colour.rgb) * colour.w * lambert * falloff * falloff / distance2;
+      }
+      return light;
+    }
+    fn localLighting(position: vec3<f32>, normal: vec3<f32>) -> vec3<f32> {
+      if (frame.skyDirection.w <= 0.0) { return vec3<f32>(0.0); }
+      var light = gridLighting(position, normal, 0u);
+      let moving = u32(lightGrid[1].z);
+      if (moving > 0u) { light += gridLighting(position, normal, moving); }
+      return light * frame.skyDirection.w;
+    }
+    fn appearance(position: vec2<f32>) {
+      // Screen-door dissolve keeps opaque depth writes and avoids sorting whole buildings as glass.
+      let noise = fract(52.9829189 * fract(dot(floor(position), vec2<f32>(0.06711056, 0.00583715))));
+      if (u.highlight.w < 1.0 && noise >= u.highlight.w) { discard; }
+    }
+    @fragment fn fragmentMain(input: FragmentInput, @builtin(front_facing) frontFacing: bool) -> @location(0) vec4<f32> {
+      ${material.nightLight ? /* wgsl */ `
+        if (input.uv.x <= 2.0) {
+        let radial = max(0.0, 1.0 - dot(input.uv, input.uv));
+        let alpha = radial * radial * frame.skyDirection.w * 0.65;
+        if (alpha < 0.005) { discard; }
+        appearance(input.position.xy);
+        return vec4<f32>(input.color, alpha);
+        }
+      ` : ''}
+      let sunlight = sunVisibility(input.shadowPosition);
+      let worldNormal = normalize(transpose(mat3x3<f32>(frame.viewMatrix[0].xyz, frame.viewMatrix[1].xyz, frame.viewMatrix[2].xyz)) * normalize(input.normal)) * select(-1.0, 1.0, frontFacing);
+      let artificial = localLighting(input.worldPosition, worldNormal);
+      ${material.unlit ? /* wgsl */ `
+        let rasterTexel = ${hasBase ? 'textureSample(baseTexture, baseTextureSampler, input.uv)' : 'vec4<f32>(input.color, 1.0)'};
+        return vec4<f32>(toSRGB(toLinear(rasterTexel.rgb) * (frame.atmosphereTint.rgb * (0.55 + 0.45 * sunlight) + artificial)), ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'u.material.z * rasterTexel.a' : '1.0'});
+      ` : /* wgsl */ `
+      var normal = normalize(input.normal) * select(-1.0, 1.0, frontFacing);
+      let texel = ${hasBase ? 'textureSample(baseTexture, baseTextureSampler, input.uv)' : 'vec4<f32>(1.0)'};
+      let alpha = u.material.z * texel.a;
+      ${material.alphaMode === 'MASK' ? 'if (alpha < u.material.w) { discard; }' : ''}
+      ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'if (alpha < 0.01) { discard; }' : ''}
+      var base = ${material.vertexColors ? 'toLinear(min(input.color, vec3<f32>(1.0)))' : 'input.color'} *
+        ${material.baseTexture?.srgb ? 'texel.rgb' : 'toLinear(texel.rgb)'};
+      ${hasRoof ? /* wgsl */ `
+        if (input.roof > 0.5 && all(input.roofUv >= vec2<f32>(0.0)) &&
+          all(input.roofUv <= vec2<f32>(1.0))) {
+          let roof = textureSampleLevel(roofTexture, roofTextureSampler, input.roofUv, 0.0);
+          base = mix(base, toLinear(roof.rgb), roof.a);
+        }
+      ` : ''}
+      let mr = ${hasMetal ? 'textureSample(metalTexture, metalTextureSampler, input.uv)' : 'vec4<f32>(1.0)'};
+      let metal = clamp(u.material.x * mr.b, 0.0, 1.0);
+      let rough = clamp(u.material.y * mr.g, 0.08, 1.0);
+      let view = normalize(-input.viewPosition);
+      let halfVector = normalize(view + frame.lightDirection.xyz);
+      let nl = max(dot(normal, frame.lightDirection.xyz), 0.0) * frame.lightDirection.w * sunlight;
+      let nv = max(dot(normal, view), 0.001);
+      let nh = max(dot(normal, halfVector), 0.0);
+      let vh = max(dot(view, halfVector), 0.0);
+      let a2 = pow(rough, 4.0);
+      let d = a2 / max(PI * pow(nh * nh * (a2 - 1.0) + 1.0, 2.0), 0.0001);
+      let gv = nl * sqrt(nv * nv * (1.0 - a2) + a2);
+      let gl = nv * sqrt(nl * nl * (1.0 - a2) + a2);
+      let visibility = 0.5 / max(gv + gl, 0.0001);
+      let f0 = mix(vec3<f32>(0.04), base, metal);
+      let fresnel = f0 + (1.0 - f0) * pow(1.0 - vh, 5.0);
+      let specular = d * visibility * fresnel;
+      let diffuse = (1.0 - metal) * base / PI;
+      let sky = dot(normal, frame.skyDirection.xyz) * 0.5 + 0.5;
+      let ambient = mix(toLinear(vec3<f32>(0.455, 0.412, 0.322)), vec3<f32>(1.0), sky) * (2.0 / PI);
+      let ao = ${hasOcclusion ? 'mix(1.0, textureSample(occlusionTexture, occlusionTextureSampler, input.uv).r, u.emissive.w)' : '1.0'};
+      ${sparkle ? /* wgsl */ `
+        let lattice = (fract(input.localPosition / 2.5) - 0.5) * 2.5;
+        let pointGlow = (1.0 - smoothstep(0.16, 0.42, length(lattice))) * u.highlight.z;
+      ` : ''}
+      // Vertex colour components above 1 are self-lit (e.g. vehicle lamps): dim by day, bright at night.
+      let glow = ${sparkle ? 'vec3<f32>(3.0, 2.6, 1.8) * pointGlow +' : ''}${material.vertexColors
+      ? ' max(input.color - vec3<f32>(1.0), vec3<f32>(0.0)) * (0.3 + 5.0 * frame.skyDirection.w) +' : ''} u.emissive.rgb * ${hasEmissive
+      ? material.emissiveTexture.srgb
+        ? 'textureSample(emissiveTexture, emissiveTextureSampler, input.uv).rgb'
+        : 'toLinear(textureSample(emissiveTexture, emissiveTextureSampler, input.uv).rgb)'
+      : 'vec3<f32>(1.0)'};
+      var color = ambient * base * (1.0 - metal) * ao +
+        (diffuse + specular) * nl * toLinear(vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.937, 0.835)) * 3.0 + glow;
+      ${material.vertexColors ? 'color = base * (ambient + toLinear(vec3<f32>(1.0, 0.937, 0.835)) * (3.0 / PI) * nl) + glow;' : ''}
+      color = (color - glow) * frame.atmosphereTint.rgb + base * artificial * (1.0 - metal * 0.5) + glow;
+      appearance(input.position.xy);
+      return vec4<f32>(toSRGB(color), ${material.alphaMode === 'BLEND' ? 'alpha' : '1.0'});
+      `}
+    }
+  `;
+  return { vertex, fragment, bindings, textured, hasTerrain };
+}

package/src/shadows/bindSunlight.js

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+
+export function bindSunlight(layer) {
+  const sun = layer.renderer.sunlight;
+  sun.bindGroup = layer.renderer.device.createBindGroup({
+    layout: sun.layout, entries: [
+      { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: sun.buffer } },
+      { binding: 1, resource: sun.texture.createView() },
+      { binding: 2, resource: sun.sampler },
+      { binding: 3, resource: { buffer: sun.lights } },
+    ]
+  });
+}

package/src/shadows/drawShadowMeshes.js

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+export function drawShadowMeshes(backend, encoder, meshes) {
+  const renderer = backend.renderer, device = renderer.device, sun = renderer.sunlight;
+  const pass = encoder.beginRenderPass({
+    colorAttachments: [],
+    depthStencilAttachment: {
+      view: sun.texture.createView(), depthClearValue: 1,
+      depthLoadOp: 'clear', depthStoreOp: 'store'
+    },
+  });
+  let pipeline = sun.pipeline;
+  pass.setPipeline(pipeline);
+  pass.setBindGroup(1, sun.depthBindGroup);
+  let mesh, instances, nextPipeline, offset, attribute, index, range;
+  for (mesh of meshes) {
+    instances = mesh.geometry.attributes.instanceOffset;
+    nextPipeline = instances ? sun.instancePipeline : sun.pipeline;
+    if (nextPipeline !== pipeline) {
+      pipeline = nextPipeline;
+      pass.setPipeline(pipeline);
+    }
+    offset = renderer.uniformSlot++ * 256;
+    renderer.uniformData.set(mesh.worldMatrix, offset / 4);
+    renderer.uniformData[offset / 4 + 35] = mesh._appearance ?? 1;
+    if (mesh._shadowBuffer !== renderer.uniformBuffer) {
+      mesh._shadowBuffer = renderer.uniformBuffer;
+      mesh._shadowBindGroup = device.createBindGroup({
+        layout: sun.meshLayout, entries: [
+          { binding: 0, resource: { buffer: renderer.uniformBuffer, size: 144 } },
+        ]
+      });
+    }
+    for (attribute of Object.values(mesh.geometry.attributes)) {
+      if (attribute.needsUpdate) {
+        device.queue.writeBuffer(attribute.buffer, 0, attribute.data);
+        attribute.needsUpdate = false;
+      }
+    }
+    pass.setBindGroup(0, mesh._shadowBindGroup, [offset]);
+    pass.setVertexBuffer(0, mesh.geometry.attributes.position.buffer);
+    if (instances) pass.setVertexBuffer(1, instances.buffer);
+    index = mesh.geometry.attributes.index, range = mesh.geometry.drawRange;
+    if (index) {
+      pass.setIndexBuffer(index.buffer, index.indexFormat);
+      pass.drawIndexed(range.count, instances?.count ?? 1, range.start, 0, 0);
+    } else pass.draw(range.count, instances?.count ?? 1, range.start, 0);
+  }
+  pass.end();
+}