create-exam-cli 1.0.0 → 1.0.1

package/templates/backend/node_modules/mongoose/lib/types/array/methods/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1095 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const Document = require('../../../document');
+const ArraySubdocument = require('../../arraySubdocument');
+const MongooseError = require('../../../error/mongooseError');
+const cleanModifiedSubpaths = require('../../../helpers/document/cleanModifiedSubpaths');
+const clone = require('../../../helpers/clone');
+const internalToObjectOptions = require('../../../options').internalToObjectOptions;
+const mpath = require('mpath');
+const utils = require('../../../utils');
+const isBsonType = require('../../../helpers/isBsonType');
+
+const arrayAtomicsBackupSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').arrayAtomicsBackupSymbol;
+const arrayAtomicsSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').arrayAtomicsSymbol;
+const arrayParentSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').arrayParentSymbol;
+const arrayPathSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').arrayPathSymbol;
+const arraySchemaSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').arraySchemaSymbol;
+const populateModelSymbol = require('../../../helpers/symbols').populateModelSymbol;
+const slicedSymbol = Symbol('mongoose#Array#sliced');
+
+const _basePush = Array.prototype.push;
+
+/*!
+ * ignore
+ */
+
+const methods = {
+  /**
+   * Depopulates stored atomic operation values as necessary for direct insertion to MongoDB.
+   *
+   * If no atomics exist, we return all array values after conversion.
+   *
+   * @return {Array}
+   * @method $__getAtomics
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @api private
+   */
+
+  $__getAtomics() {
+    const ret = [];
+    const keys = Object.keys(this[arrayAtomicsSymbol] || {});
+    let i = keys.length;
+
+    const opts = Object.assign({}, internalToObjectOptions, { _isNested: true });
+
+    if (i === 0) {
+      ret[0] = ['$set', this.toObject(opts)];
+      return ret;
+    }
+
+    while (i--) {
+      const op = keys[i];
+      let val = this[arrayAtomicsSymbol][op];
+
+      // the atomic values which are arrays are not MongooseArrays. we
+      // need to convert their elements as if they were MongooseArrays
+      // to handle populated arrays versus DocumentArrays properly.
+      if (utils.isMongooseObject(val)) {
+        val = val.toObject(opts);
+      } else if (Array.isArray(val)) {
+        val = this.toObject.call(val, opts);
+      } else if (Array.isArray(val?.$each)) {
+        val.$each = this.toObject.call(val.$each, opts);
+      } else if (typeof val?.valueOf === 'function') {
+        val = val.valueOf();
+      }
+
+      if (op === '$addToSet') {
+        val = { $each: val };
+      }
+
+      ret.push([op, val]);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Public API for getting atomics. Alias for $__getAtomics() that can be
+   * implemented by custom container types.
+   *
+   * @return {Array}
+   * @method getAtomics
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @api public
+   */
+
+  getAtomics() {
+    return this.$__getAtomics();
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Clears all pending atomic operations. Called by Mongoose after save().
+   *
+   * @return {void}
+   * @method clearAtomics
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @api public
+   */
+
+  clearAtomics() {
+    this[arrayAtomicsBackupSymbol] = this[arrayAtomicsSymbol];
+    this[arrayAtomicsSymbol] = {};
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+
+  $atomics() {
+    return this[arrayAtomicsSymbol];
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+
+  $parent() {
+    return this[arrayParentSymbol];
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+
+  $path() {
+    return this[arrayPathSymbol];
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+  $schemaType() {
+    return this[arraySchemaSymbol];
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Atomically shifts the array at most one time per document `save()`.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _Calling this multiple times on an array before saving sends the same command as calling it once._
+   * _This update is implemented using the MongoDB [$pop](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pop/) method which enforces this restriction._
+   *
+   *      doc.array = [1,2,3];
+   *
+   *      const shifted = doc.array.$shift();
+   *      console.log(shifted); // 1
+   *      console.log(doc.array); // [2,3]
+   *
+   *      // no affect
+   *      shifted = doc.array.$shift();
+   *      console.log(doc.array); // [2,3]
+   *
+   *      doc.save(function (err) {
+   *        if (err) return handleError(err);
+   *
+   *        // we saved, now $shift works again
+   *        shifted = doc.array.$shift();
+   *        console.log(shifted ); // 2
+   *        console.log(doc.array); // [3]
+   *      })
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @method $shift
+   * @see mongodb https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pop/
+   */
+
+  $shift() {
+    this._registerAtomic('$pop', -1);
+    this._markModified();
+
+    // only allow shifting once
+    const __array = this.__array;
+    if (__array._shifted) {
+      return;
+    }
+    __array._shifted = true;
+
+    return [].shift.call(__array);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Pops the array atomically at most one time per document `save()`.
+   *
+   * #### NOTE:
+   *
+   * _Calling this multiple times on an array before saving sends the same command as calling it once._
+   * _This update is implemented using the MongoDB [$pop](https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pop/) method which enforces this restriction._
+   *
+   *      doc.array = [1,2,3];
+   *
+   *      const popped = doc.array.$pop();
+   *      console.log(popped); // 3
+   *      console.log(doc.array); // [1,2]
+   *
+   *      // no affect
+   *      popped = doc.array.$pop();
+   *      console.log(doc.array); // [1,2]
+   *
+   *      doc.save(function (err) {
+   *        if (err) return handleError(err);
+   *
+   *        // we saved, now $pop works again
+   *        popped = doc.array.$pop();
+   *        console.log(popped); // 2
+   *        console.log(doc.array); // [1]
+   *      })
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method $pop
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @see mongodb https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pop/
+   * @method $pop
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  $pop() {
+    this._registerAtomic('$pop', 1);
+    this._markModified();
+
+    // only allow popping once
+    if (this._popped) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this._popped = true;
+
+    return [].pop.call(this);
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+
+  $schema() {
+    return this[arraySchemaSymbol];
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Casts a member based on this arrays schema.
+   *
+   * @param {any} value
+   * @return {any} the casted value
+   * @method _cast
+   * @api private
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  _cast(value) {
+    let populated = false;
+    let Model;
+
+    const parent = this[arrayParentSymbol];
+    if (parent) {
+      populated = parent.$populated(this[arrayPathSymbol], true);
+    }
+
+    if (populated && value != null) {
+      // cast to the populated Models schema
+      Model = populated.options[populateModelSymbol];
+      if (Model == null) {
+        throw new MongooseError('No populated model found for path `' + this[arrayPathSymbol] + '`. This is likely a bug in Mongoose, please report an issue on github.com/Automattic/mongoose.');
+      }
+
+      // only objects are permitted so we can safely assume that
+      // non-objects are to be interpreted as _id
+      if (Buffer.isBuffer(value) ||
+          isBsonType(value, 'ObjectId') || !utils.isObject(value)) {
+        value = { _id: value };
+      }
+
+      // gh-2399
+      // we should cast model only when it's not a discriminator
+      const isDisc = value.schema?.discriminatorMapping?.key !== undefined;
+      if (!isDisc) {
+        value = new Model(value);
+      }
+      return this[arraySchemaSymbol].embeddedSchemaType.applySetters(value, parent, true);
+    }
+
+    return this[arraySchemaSymbol].embeddedSchemaType.applySetters(value, parent, false);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Internal helper for .map()
+   *
+   * @api private
+   * @return {number}
+   * @method _mapCast
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  _mapCast(val, index) {
+    return this._cast(val, this.length + index);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Marks this array as modified.
+   *
+   * If it bubbles up from an embedded document change, then it takes the following arguments (otherwise, takes 0 arguments)
+   *
+   * @param {ArraySubdocument} subdoc the embedded doc that invoked this method on the Array
+   * @param {string} embeddedPath the path which changed in the subdoc
+   * @method _markModified
+   * @api private
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  _markModified(elem) {
+    const parent = this[arrayParentSymbol];
+    let dirtyPath;
+
+    if (parent) {
+      dirtyPath = this[arrayPathSymbol];
+
+      if (arguments.length) {
+        dirtyPath = dirtyPath + '.' + elem;
+      }
+
+      if (dirtyPath != null && dirtyPath.endsWith('.$')) {
+        return this;
+      }
+
+      parent.markModified(dirtyPath, arguments.length !== 0 ? elem : parent);
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Register an atomic operation with the parent.
+   *
+   * @param {Array} op operation
+   * @param {any} val
+   * @method _registerAtomic
+   * @api private
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  _registerAtomic(op, val) {
+    if (this[slicedSymbol]) {
+      return;
+    }
+    if (op === '$set') {
+      // $set takes precedence over all other ops.
+      // mark entire array modified.
+      this[arrayAtomicsSymbol] = { $set: val };
+      cleanModifiedSubpaths(this[arrayParentSymbol], this[arrayPathSymbol]);
+      this._markModified();
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    const atomics = this[arrayAtomicsSymbol];
+
+    // reset pop/shift after save
+    if (op === '$pop' && !('$pop' in atomics)) {
+      const _this = this;
+      this[arrayParentSymbol].once('save', function() {
+        _this._popped = _this._shifted = null;
+      });
+    }
+
+    // check for impossible $atomic combos (Mongo denies more than one
+    // $atomic op on a single path
+    if (atomics.$set || utils.hasOwnKeys(atomics) && !(op in atomics)) {
+      // a different op was previously registered.
+      // save the entire thing.
+      this[arrayAtomicsSymbol] = { $set: this };
+      return this;
+    }
+
+    let selector;
+
+    if (op === '$pullAll' || op === '$addToSet') {
+      atomics[op] || (atomics[op] = []);
+      atomics[op] = atomics[op].concat(val);
+    } else if (op === '$pullDocs') {
+      const pullOp = atomics['$pull'] || (atomics['$pull'] = {});
+      if (val[0] instanceof ArraySubdocument) {
+        selector = pullOp['$or'] || (pullOp['$or'] = []);
+        Array.prototype.push.apply(selector, val.map(v => {
+          return v.toObject({
+            transform: (doc, ret) => {
+              if (v == null || v.$__ == null) {
+                return ret;
+              }
+
+              Object.keys(v.$__.activePaths.getStatePaths('default')).forEach(path => {
+                mpath.unset(path, ret);
+
+                _minimizePath(ret, path);
+              });
+
+              return ret;
+            },
+            virtuals: false
+          });
+        }));
+      } else {
+        selector = pullOp['_id'] || (pullOp['_id'] = { $in: [] });
+        selector['$in'] = selector['$in'].concat(val);
+      }
+    } else if (op === '$push') {
+      atomics.$push = atomics.$push || { $each: [] };
+      if (val != null && utils.hasUserDefinedProperty(val, '$each')) {
+        atomics.$push = val;
+      } else {
+        if (val.length === 1) {
+          atomics.$push.$each.push(val[0]);
+        } else if (val.length < 10000) {
+          atomics.$push.$each.push(...val);
+        } else {
+          for (const v of val) {
+            atomics.$push.$each.push(v);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      atomics[op] = val;
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Adds values to the array if not already present.
+   *
+   * #### Example:
+   *
+   *     console.log(doc.array) // [2,3,4]
+   *     const added = doc.array.addToSet(4,5);
+   *     console.log(doc.array) // [2,3,4,5]
+   *     console.log(added)     // [5]
+   *
+   * @param {...any} [args]
+   * @return {Array} the values that were added
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @api public
+   * @method addToSet
+   */
+
+  addToSet() {
+    _checkManualPopulation(this, arguments);
+    _depopulateIfNecessary(this, arguments);
+
+    const values = [].map.call(arguments, this._mapCast, this);
+    const added = [];
+    let type = '';
+    if (values[0] instanceof ArraySubdocument) {
+      type = 'doc';
+    } else if (values[0] instanceof Date) {
+      type = 'date';
+    } else if (isBsonType(values[0], 'ObjectId')) {
+      type = 'ObjectId';
+    }
+
+    const rawValues = utils.isMongooseArray(values) ? values.__array : values;
+    const rawArray = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+
+    rawValues.forEach(function(v) {
+      let found;
+      const val = +v;
+      switch (type) {
+        case 'doc':
+          found = this.some(function(doc) {
+            return doc.equals(v);
+          });
+          break;
+        case 'date':
+          found = this.some(function(d) {
+            return +d === val;
+          });
+          break;
+        case 'ObjectId':
+          found = this.find(o => o.toString() === v.toString());
+          break;
+        default:
+          found = ~this.indexOf(v);
+          break;
+      }
+
+      if (!found) {
+        this._markModified();
+        rawArray.push(v);
+        this._registerAtomic('$addToSet', v);
+        [].push.call(added, v);
+      }
+    }, this);
+
+    return added;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the number of pending atomic operations to send to the db for this array.
+   *
+   * @api private
+   * @return {number}
+   * @method hasAtomics
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  hasAtomics() {
+    if (!utils.isPOJO(this[arrayAtomicsSymbol])) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    return Object.keys(this[arrayAtomicsSymbol]).length;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Return whether or not the `obj` is included in the array.
+   *
+   * @param {object} obj the item to check
+   * @param {number} fromIndex
+   * @return {boolean}
+   * @api public
+   * @method includes
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  includes(obj, fromIndex) {
+    const ret = this.indexOf(obj, fromIndex);
+    return ret !== -1;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Return the index of `obj` or `-1` if not found.
+   *
+   * @param {object} obj the item to look for
+   * @param {number} fromIndex
+   * @return {number}
+   * @api public
+   * @method indexOf
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  indexOf(obj, fromIndex) {
+    if (isBsonType(obj, 'ObjectId')) {
+      obj = obj.toString();
+    }
+
+    fromIndex = fromIndex == null ? 0 : fromIndex;
+    const len = this.length;
+    for (let i = fromIndex; i < len; ++i) {
+      if (obj == this[i]) {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    return -1;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Helper for console.log
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method inspect
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  inspect() {
+    return JSON.stringify(this);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Pushes items to the array non-atomically.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified, which if saved, will store it as a `$set` operation, potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @param {...any} [args]
+   * @api public
+   * @method nonAtomicPush
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  nonAtomicPush() {
+    const values = [].map.call(arguments, this._mapCast, this);
+    this._markModified();
+    const ret = [].push.apply(this, values);
+    this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#pop`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/pop) with proper change tracking.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified which will pass the entire thing to $set potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @see MongooseArray#$pop https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/array.html#MongooseArray.prototype.$pop()
+   * @api public
+   * @method pop
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  pop() {
+    this._markModified();
+    const ret = [].pop.call(this);
+    this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Pulls items from the array atomically. Equality is determined by casting
+   * the provided value to an embedded document and comparing using
+   * [the `Document.equals()` function.](https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/document.html#Document.prototype.equals())
+   *
+   * #### Example:
+   *
+   *     doc.array.pull(ObjectId)
+   *     doc.array.pull({ _id: 'someId' })
+   *     doc.array.pull(36)
+   *     doc.array.pull('tag 1', 'tag 2')
+   *
+   * To remove a document from a subdocument array we may pass an object with a matching `_id`.
+   *
+   *     doc.subdocs.push({ _id: 4815162342 })
+   *     doc.subdocs.pull({ _id: 4815162342 }) // removed
+   *
+   * Or we may passing the _id directly and let mongoose take care of it.
+   *
+   *     doc.subdocs.push({ _id: 4815162342 })
+   *     doc.subdocs.pull(4815162342); // works
+   *
+   * The first pull call will result in a atomic operation on the database, if pull is called repeatedly without saving the document, a $set operation is used on the complete array instead, overwriting possible changes that happened on the database in the meantime.
+   *
+   * @param {...any} [args]
+   * @see mongodb https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pull/
+   * @api public
+   * @method pull
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  pull() {
+    const values = [].map.call(arguments, (v, i) => this._cast(v, i, { defaults: false }), this);
+    let cur = this;
+    if (utils.isMongooseArray(cur)) {
+      cur = cur.__array;
+    }
+    let i = cur.length;
+    let mem;
+    this._markModified();
+
+    while (i--) {
+      mem = cur[i];
+      if (mem instanceof Document) {
+        const some = values.some(function(v) {
+          return mem.equals(v);
+        });
+        if (some) {
+          cur.splice(i, 1);
+        }
+      } else if (~this.indexOf.call(values, mem)) {
+        cur.splice(i, 1);
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (values[0] instanceof ArraySubdocument) {
+      this._registerAtomic('$pullDocs', values.map(function(v) {
+        const _id = v.$__getValue('_id');
+        if (_id === undefined || v.$isDefault('_id')) {
+          return v;
+        }
+        return _id;
+      }));
+    } else {
+      this._registerAtomic('$pullAll', values);
+    }
+
+
+    // Might have modified child paths and then pulled, like
+    // `doc.children[1].name = 'test';` followed by
+    // `doc.children.remove(doc.children[0]);`. In this case we fall back
+    // to a `$set` on the whole array. See #3511
+    if (cleanModifiedSubpaths(this[arrayParentSymbol], this[arrayPathSymbol]) > 0) {
+      this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    }
+
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#push`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/push) with proper change tracking.
+   *
+   * #### Example:
+   *
+   *     const schema = Schema({ nums: [Number] });
+   *     const Model = mongoose.model('Test', schema);
+   *
+   *     const doc = await Model.create({ nums: [3, 4] });
+   *     doc.nums.push(5); // Add 5 to the end of the array
+   *     await doc.save();
+   *
+   *     // You can also pass an object with `$each` as the
+   *     // first parameter to use MongoDB's `$position`
+   *     doc.nums.push({
+   *       $each: [1, 2],
+   *       $position: 0
+   *     });
+   *     doc.nums; // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+   *
+   * @param {...object} [args]
+   * @api public
+   * @method push
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  push() {
+    let values = arguments;
+    let atomic = values;
+    const isOverwrite = values[0] != null &&
+      utils.hasUserDefinedProperty(values[0], '$each');
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    if (isOverwrite) {
+      atomic = values[0];
+      values = values[0].$each;
+    }
+
+    if (this[arraySchemaSymbol] == null) {
+      return _basePush.apply(this, values);
+    }
+
+    _checkManualPopulation(this, values);
+    _depopulateIfNecessary(this, values);
+
+    values = [].map.call(values, this._mapCast, this);
+    let ret;
+    const atomics = this[arrayAtomicsSymbol];
+    this._markModified();
+    if (isOverwrite) {
+      atomic.$each = values;
+
+      if ((atomics.$push && atomics.$push.$each && atomics.$push.$each.length || 0) !== 0 &&
+          atomics.$push.$position != atomic.$position) {
+        if (atomic.$position != null) {
+          [].splice.apply(arr, [atomic.$position, 0].concat(values));
+          ret = arr.length;
+        } else {
+          ret = [].push.apply(arr, values);
+        }
+
+        this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+      } else if (atomic.$position != null) {
+        [].splice.apply(arr, [atomic.$position, 0].concat(values));
+        ret = this.length;
+      } else {
+        ret = [].push.apply(arr, values);
+      }
+    } else {
+      atomic = values;
+      ret = _basePush.apply(arr, values);
+    }
+
+    this._registerAtomic('$push', atomic);
+
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Alias of [pull](https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/array.html#MongooseArray.prototype.pull())
+   *
+   * @see MongooseArray#pull https://mongoosejs.com/docs/api/array.html#MongooseArray.prototype.pull()
+   * @see mongodb https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/update/pull/
+   * @api public
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @instance
+   * @method remove
+   */
+
+  remove() {
+    return this.pull.apply(this, arguments);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the casted `val` at index `i` and marks the array modified.
+   *
+   * #### Example:
+   *
+   *     // given documents based on the following
+   *     const Doc = mongoose.model('Doc', new Schema({ array: [Number] }));
+   *
+   *     const doc = new Doc({ array: [2,3,4] })
+   *
+   *     console.log(doc.array) // [2,3,4]
+   *
+   *     doc.array.set(1,"5");
+   *     console.log(doc.array); // [2,5,4] // properly cast to number
+   *     doc.save() // the change is saved
+   *
+   *     // VS not using array#set
+   *     doc.array[1] = "5";
+   *     console.log(doc.array); // [2,"5",4] // no casting
+   *     doc.save() // change is not saved
+   *
+   * @return {Array} this
+   * @api public
+   * @method set
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  set(i, val, skipModified) {
+    const arr = this.__array;
+    if (skipModified) {
+      arr[i] = val;
+      return this;
+    }
+    const value = methods._cast.call(this, val, i);
+    methods._markModified.call(this, i);
+    arr[i] = value;
+    return this;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#shift`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/unshift) with proper change tracking.
+   *
+   * #### Example:
+   *
+   *     doc.array = [2,3];
+   *     const res = doc.array.shift();
+   *     console.log(res) // 2
+   *     console.log(doc.array) // [3]
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified, which if saved, will store it as a `$set` operation, potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method shift
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  shift() {
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    this._markModified();
+    const ret = [].shift.call(arr);
+    this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#sort`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/sort) with proper change tracking.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified, which if saved, will store it as a `$set` operation, potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method sort
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @see MasteringJS: Array sort https://masteringjs.io/tutorials/fundamentals/array-sort
+   */
+
+  sort() {
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    const ret = [].sort.apply(arr, arguments);
+    this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#splice`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/splice) with proper change tracking and casting.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified, which if saved, will store it as a `$set` operation, potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method splice
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   * @see MasteringJS: Array splice https://masteringjs.io/tutorials/fundamentals/array-splice
+   */
+
+  splice() {
+    let ret;
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+
+    this._markModified();
+    _checkManualPopulation(this, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2));
+
+    if (arguments.length) {
+      let vals;
+      if (this[arraySchemaSymbol] == null) {
+        vals = arguments;
+      } else {
+        vals = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
+          vals[i] = i < 2 ?
+            arguments[i] :
+            this._cast(arguments[i], arguments[0] + (i - 2));
+        }
+      }
+
+      ret = [].splice.apply(arr, vals);
+      this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+  },
+
+  /*!
+   * ignore
+   */
+
+  toBSON() {
+    return this.toObject(internalToObjectOptions);
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a native js Array.
+   *
+   * @param {object} options
+   * @return {Array}
+   * @api public
+   * @method toObject
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  toObject(options) {
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    if (options?.depopulate) {
+      options = clone(options);
+      options._isNested = true;
+      // Ensure return value is a vanilla array, because in Node.js 6+ `map()`
+      // is smart enough to use the inherited array's constructor.
+      return [].concat(arr).map(function(doc) {
+        return doc instanceof Document
+          ? doc.toObject(options)
+          : doc;
+      });
+    }
+
+    return [].concat(arr);
+  },
+
+  $toObject() {
+    return this.constructor.prototype.toObject.apply(this, arguments);
+  },
+  /**
+   * Wraps [`Array#unshift`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/unshift) with proper change tracking.
+   *
+   * #### Note:
+   *
+   * _marks the entire array as modified, which if saved, will store it as a `$set` operation, potentially overwriting any changes that happen between when you retrieved the object and when you save it._
+   *
+   * @api public
+   * @method unshift
+   * @memberOf MongooseArray
+   */
+
+  unshift() {
+    _checkManualPopulation(this, arguments);
+
+    let values;
+    if (this[arraySchemaSymbol] == null) {
+      values = arguments;
+    } else {
+      values = [].map.call(arguments, this._cast, this);
+    }
+
+    const arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    this._markModified();
+    [].unshift.apply(arr, values);
+    this._registerAtomic('$set', this);
+    return this.length;
+  }
+};
+
+/*!
+ * ignore
+ */
+
+function _isAllSubdocs(docs, ref) {
+  if (!ref) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (const arg of docs) {
+    if (arg == null) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    const model = arg.constructor;
+    if (!(arg instanceof Document) ||
+      (model.modelName !== ref && model.baseModelName !== ref)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+/*!
+ * Minimize _just_ empty objects along the path chain specified
+ * by `parts`, ignoring all other paths. Useful in cases where
+ * you want to minimize after unsetting a path.
+ *
+ * #### Example:
+ *
+ *     const obj = { foo: { bar: { baz: {} } }, a: {} };
+ *     _minimizePath(obj, 'foo.bar.baz');
+ *     obj; // { a: {} }
+ */
+
+function _minimizePath(obj, parts, i) {
+  if (typeof parts === 'string') {
+    if (parts.indexOf('.') === -1) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    parts = mpath.stringToParts(parts);
+  }
+  i = i || 0;
+  if (i >= parts.length) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (obj == null || typeof obj !== 'object') {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  _minimizePath(obj[parts[0]], parts, i + 1);
+  if (obj[parts[0]] != null && typeof obj[parts[0]] === 'object' && utils.hasOwnKeys(obj[parts[0]]) === false) {
+    delete obj[parts[0]];
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ * ignore
+ */
+
+function _checkManualPopulation(arr, docs) {
+  const ref = arr == null ?
+    null :
+    arr[arraySchemaSymbol]?.embeddedSchemaType?.options?.ref || null;
+  if (arr.length === 0 &&
+      docs.length !== 0) {
+    if (_isAllSubdocs(docs, ref)) {
+      arr[arrayParentSymbol].$populated(arr[arrayPathSymbol], [], {
+        [populateModelSymbol]: docs[0].constructor
+      });
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/*!
+ * If `docs` isn't all instances of the right model, depopulate `arr`
+ */
+
+function _depopulateIfNecessary(arr, docs) {
+  const ref = arr == null ?
+    null :
+    arr[arraySchemaSymbol]?.embeddedSchemaType?.options?.ref || null;
+  const parentDoc = arr[arrayParentSymbol];
+  const path = arr[arrayPathSymbol];
+  if (!ref || !parentDoc.populated(path)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  for (const doc of docs) {
+    if (doc == null) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    if (typeof doc !== 'object' || doc instanceof String || doc instanceof Number || doc instanceof Buffer || utils.isMongooseType(doc)) {
+      parentDoc.depopulate(path);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+const returnVanillaArrayMethods = [
+  'filter',
+  'flat',
+  'flatMap',
+  'map',
+  'slice'
+];
+for (const method of returnVanillaArrayMethods) {
+  if (Array.prototype[method] == null) {
+    continue;
+  }
+
+  methods[method] = function() {
+    const _arr = utils.isMongooseArray(this) ? this.__array : this;
+    const arr = [].concat(_arr);
+
+    return arr[method].apply(arr, arguments);
+  };
+}
+
+module.exports = methods;