create-exam-cli 1.0.0 → 1.0.1

package/templates/backend/node_modules/mongodb/src/utils.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1429 @@
+import type { SrvRecord } from 'dns';
+import { type EventEmitter } from 'events';
+import { promises as fs } from 'fs';
+import * as http from 'http';
+import * as process from 'process';
+import { clearTimeout, setTimeout } from 'timers';
+
+import {
+  ByteUtils,
+  deserialize,
+  type Document,
+  NumberUtils,
+  ObjectId,
+  resolveBSONOptions
+} from './bson';
+import type { Connection } from './cmap/connection';
+import { MAX_SUPPORTED_WIRE_VERSION } from './cmap/wire_protocol/constants';
+import type { Collection } from './collection';
+import { kDecoratedKeys, LEGACY_HELLO_COMMAND } from './constants';
+import type { AbstractCursor } from './cursor/abstract_cursor';
+import type { FindCursor } from './cursor/find_cursor';
+import type { Db } from './db';
+import {
+  type AnyError,
+  MongoAPIError,
+  MongoInvalidArgumentError,
+  MongoNetworkTimeoutError,
+  MongoNotConnectedError,
+  MongoParseError,
+  MongoRuntimeError
+} from './error';
+import type { MongoClient } from './mongo_client';
+import { type Abortable } from './mongo_types';
+import type { CommandOperationOptions, OperationParent } from './operations/command';
+import type { Hint, OperationOptions } from './operations/operation';
+import { ReadConcern } from './read_concern';
+import { ReadPreference } from './read_preference';
+import { ServerType } from './sdam/common';
+import type { Server } from './sdam/server';
+import type { Topology } from './sdam/topology';
+import type { ClientSession } from './sessions';
+import { type TimeoutContextOptions } from './timeout';
+import { WriteConcern } from './write_concern';
+
+/**
+ * MongoDB Driver style callback
+ * @public
+ */
+export type Callback<T = any> = (error?: AnyError, result?: T) => void;
+
+export type AnyOptions = Document;
+
+/**
+ * Returns true if value is a Uint8Array or a Buffer
+ * @param value - any value that may be a Uint8Array
+ */
+export function isUint8Array(value: unknown): value is Uint8Array {
+  return (
+    value != null &&
+    typeof value === 'object' &&
+    Symbol.toStringTag in value &&
+    value[Symbol.toStringTag] === 'Uint8Array'
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines if a connection's address matches a user provided list
+ * of domain wildcards.
+ */
+export function hostMatchesWildcards(host: string, wildcards: string[]): boolean {
+  for (const wildcard of wildcards) {
+    // Exact match always wins
+    if (host === wildcard) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    // Wildcard match with leading *.
+    if (wildcard.startsWith('*.')) {
+      const suffix = wildcard.substring(2);
+      // Exact match or strict subdomain match
+      if (host === suffix || host.endsWith(`.${suffix}`)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    // Wildcard match with leading */
+    if (wildcard.startsWith('*/')) {
+      const suffix = wildcard.substring(2);
+      // Exact match or strict subpath match
+      if (host === suffix || host.endsWith(`/${suffix}`)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure Hint field is in a shape we expect:
+ * - object of index names mapping to 1 or -1
+ * - just an index name
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function normalizeHintField(hint?: Hint): Hint | undefined {
+  let finalHint = undefined;
+
+  if (typeof hint === 'string') {
+    finalHint = hint;
+  } else if (Array.isArray(hint)) {
+    finalHint = {};
+
+    hint.forEach(param => {
+      finalHint[param] = 1;
+    });
+  } else if (hint != null && typeof hint === 'object') {
+    finalHint = {} as Document;
+    for (const name in hint) {
+      finalHint[name] = hint[name];
+    }
+  }
+
+  return finalHint;
+}
+
+const TO_STRING = (object: unknown) => Object.prototype.toString.call(object);
+/**
+ * Checks if arg is an Object:
+ * - **NOTE**: the check is based on the `[Symbol.toStringTag]() === 'Object'`
+ * @internal
+ */
+
+export function isObject(arg: unknown): arg is object {
+  return '[object Object]' === TO_STRING(arg);
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function mergeOptions<T, S>(target: T, source: S): T & S {
+  return { ...target, ...source };
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function filterOptions(options: AnyOptions, names: ReadonlyArray<string>): AnyOptions {
+  const filterOptions: AnyOptions = {};
+
+  for (const name in options) {
+    if (names.includes(name)) {
+      filterOptions[name] = options[name];
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Filtered options
+  return filterOptions;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies a write concern to a command based on well defined inheritance rules, optionally
+ * detecting support for the write concern in the first place.
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @param target - the target command we will be applying the write concern to
+ * @param sources - sources where we can inherit default write concerns from
+ * @param options - optional settings passed into a command for write concern overrides
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Checks if a given value is a Promise
+ *
+ * @typeParam T - The resolution type of the possible promise
+ * @param value - An object that could be a promise
+ * @returns true if the provided value is a Promise
+ */
+export function isPromiseLike<T = unknown>(value?: unknown): value is PromiseLike<T> {
+  return (
+    value != null &&
+    typeof value === 'object' &&
+    'then' in value &&
+    typeof value.then === 'function'
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies collation to a given command.
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @param command - the command on which to apply collation
+ * @param target - target of command
+ * @param options - options containing collation settings
+ */
+export function decorateWithCollation(command: Document, options: AnyOptions): void {
+  if (options.collation && typeof options.collation === 'object') {
+    command.collation = options.collation;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Applies a read concern to a given command.
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @param command - the command on which to apply the read concern
+ * @param coll - the parent collection of the operation calling this method
+ */
+export function decorateWithReadConcern(
+  command: Document,
+  coll: { s: { readConcern?: ReadConcern } },
+  options?: OperationOptions
+): void {
+  if (options && options.session && options.session.inTransaction()) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const readConcern = Object.assign({}, command.readConcern || {});
+  if (coll.s.readConcern) {
+    Object.assign(readConcern, coll.s.readConcern);
+  }
+
+  if (Object.keys(readConcern).length > 0) {
+    Object.assign(command, { readConcern: readConcern });
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+export type TopologyProvider =
+  | MongoClient
+  | ClientSession
+  | FindCursor
+  | AbstractCursor
+  | Collection<any>
+  | Db;
+
+/**
+ * A helper function to get the topology from a given provider. Throws
+ * if the topology cannot be found.
+ * @throws MongoNotConnectedError
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function getTopology(provider: TopologyProvider): Topology {
+  // MongoClient or ClientSession or AbstractCursor
+  if ('topology' in provider && provider.topology) {
+    return provider.topology;
+  } else if ('client' in provider && provider.client.topology) {
+    return provider.client.topology;
+  }
+
+  throw new MongoNotConnectedError('MongoClient must be connected to perform this operation');
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function ns(ns: string): MongoDBNamespace {
+  return MongoDBNamespace.fromString(ns);
+}
+
+/** @public */
+export class MongoDBNamespace {
+  db: string;
+  collection?: string;
+  /**
+   * Create a namespace object
+   *
+   * @param db - database name
+   * @param collection - collection name
+   */
+  constructor(db: string, collection?: string) {
+    this.db = db;
+    this.collection = collection === '' ? undefined : collection;
+  }
+
+  toString(): string {
+    return this.collection ? `${this.db}.${this.collection}` : this.db;
+  }
+
+  withCollection(collection: string): MongoDBCollectionNamespace {
+    return new MongoDBCollectionNamespace(this.db, collection);
+  }
+
+  static fromString(namespace?: string): MongoDBNamespace {
+    if (typeof namespace !== 'string' || namespace === '') {
+      // TODO(NODE-3483): Replace with MongoNamespaceError
+      throw new MongoRuntimeError(`Cannot parse namespace from "${namespace}"`);
+    }
+
+    const [db, ...collectionParts] = namespace.split('.');
+    const collection = collectionParts.join('.');
+    return new MongoDBNamespace(db, collection === '' ? undefined : collection);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * @public
+ *
+ * A class representing a collection's namespace.  This class enforces (through Typescript) that
+ * the `collection` portion of the namespace is defined and should only be
+ * used in scenarios where this can be guaranteed.
+ */
+export class MongoDBCollectionNamespace extends MongoDBNamespace {
+  override collection: string;
+
+  constructor(db: string, collection: string) {
+    super(db, collection);
+    this.collection = collection;
+  }
+
+  static override fromString(namespace?: string): MongoDBCollectionNamespace {
+    return super.fromString(namespace) as MongoDBCollectionNamespace;
+  }
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function* makeCounter(seed = 0): Generator<number> {
+  let count = seed;
+  while (true) {
+    const newCount = count;
+    count += 1;
+    yield newCount;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Synchronously Generate a UUIDv4
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function uuidV4(): Uint8Array {
+  const result = crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(16));
+  result[6] = (result[6] & 0x0f) | 0x40;
+  result[8] = (result[8] & 0x3f) | 0x80;
+  return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A helper function for determining `maxWireVersion` between legacy and new topology instances
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function maxWireVersion(handshakeAware?: Connection | Topology | Server): number {
+  if (handshakeAware) {
+    if (handshakeAware.hello) {
+      return handshakeAware.hello.maxWireVersion;
+    }
+
+    if (handshakeAware.serverApi?.version) {
+      // We return the max supported wire version for serverAPI.
+      return MAX_SUPPORTED_WIRE_VERSION;
+    }
+    // This is the fallback case for load balanced mode. If we are building commands the
+    // object being checked will be a connection, and we will have a hello response on
+    // it. For other cases, such as retryable writes, the object will be a server or
+    // topology, and there will be no hello response on those objects, so we return
+    // the max wire version so we support retryability. Once we have a min supported
+    // wire version of 9, then the needsRetryableWriteLabel() check can remove the
+    // usage of passing the wire version into it.
+    if (handshakeAware.loadBalanced) {
+      return MAX_SUPPORTED_WIRE_VERSION;
+    }
+
+    if ('lastHello' in handshakeAware && typeof handshakeAware.lastHello === 'function') {
+      const lastHello = handshakeAware.lastHello();
+      if (lastHello) {
+        return lastHello.maxWireVersion;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (
+      handshakeAware.description &&
+      'maxWireVersion' in handshakeAware.description &&
+      handshakeAware.description.maxWireVersion != null
+    ) {
+      return handshakeAware.description.maxWireVersion;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function arrayStrictEqual(arr: unknown[], arr2: unknown[]): boolean {
+  if (!Array.isArray(arr) || !Array.isArray(arr2)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return arr.length === arr2.length && arr.every((elt, idx) => elt === arr2[idx]);
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function errorStrictEqual(lhs?: AnyError | null, rhs?: AnyError | null): boolean {
+  if (lhs === rhs) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (!lhs || !rhs) {
+    return lhs === rhs;
+  }
+
+  if ((lhs == null && rhs != null) || (lhs != null && rhs == null)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (lhs.constructor.name !== rhs.constructor.name) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (lhs.message !== rhs.message) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+interface StateTable {
+  [key: string]: string[];
+}
+interface ObjectWithState {
+  s: { state: string };
+  emit(event: 'stateChanged', state: string, newState: string): void;
+}
+interface StateTransitionFunction {
+  (target: ObjectWithState, newState: string): void;
+}
+
+/** @public */
+export type EventEmitterWithState = {
+  /** @internal */
+  stateChanged(previous: string, current: string): void;
+};
+
+/** @internal */
+export function makeStateMachine(stateTable: StateTable): StateTransitionFunction {
+  return function stateTransition(target, newState) {
+    const legalStates = stateTable[target.s.state];
+    if (legalStates && legalStates.indexOf(newState) < 0) {
+      throw new MongoRuntimeError(
+        `illegal state transition from [${target.s.state}] => [${newState}], allowed: [${legalStates}]`
+      );
+    }
+
+    target.emit('stateChanged', target.s.state, newState);
+    target.s.state = newState;
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * This function returns the number of milliseconds since an arbitrary point in time.
+ * This function should only be used to measure time intervals.
+ * @internal
+ * */
+export function processTimeMS(): number {
+  return Math.floor(performance.now());
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function calculateDurationInMs(started: number | undefined): number {
+  if (typeof started !== 'number') {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  const elapsed = processTimeMS() - started;
+  return elapsed < 0 ? 0 : elapsed;
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export function hasAtomicOperators(
+  doc: Document | Document[],
+  options?: CommandOperationOptions
+): boolean {
+  if (Array.isArray(doc)) {
+    for (const document of doc) {
+      if (hasAtomicOperators(document)) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const keys = Object.keys(doc);
+  // In this case we need to throw if all the atomic operators are undefined.
+  if (options?.ignoreUndefined) {
+    let allUndefined = true;
+    for (const key of keys) {
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-syntax
+      if (doc[key] !== undefined) {
+        allUndefined = false;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    if (allUndefined) {
+      throw new MongoInvalidArgumentError(
+        'Update operations require that all atomic operators have defined values, but none were provided.'
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  return keys.length > 0 && keys[0][0] === '$';
+}
+
+export function resolveTimeoutOptions<T extends Partial<TimeoutContextOptions>>(
+  client: MongoClient,
+  options: T
+): T &
+  Pick<
+    MongoClient['s']['options'],
+    'timeoutMS' | 'serverSelectionTimeoutMS' | 'waitQueueTimeoutMS' | 'socketTimeoutMS'
+  > {
+  const { socketTimeoutMS, serverSelectionTimeoutMS, waitQueueTimeoutMS, timeoutMS } =
+    client.s.options;
+  return { socketTimeoutMS, serverSelectionTimeoutMS, waitQueueTimeoutMS, timeoutMS, ...options };
+}
+/**
+ * Merge inherited properties from parent into options, prioritizing values from options,
+ * then values from parent.
+ *
+ * @param parent - An optional owning class of the operation being run. ex. Db/Collection/MongoClient.
+ * @param options - The options passed to the operation method.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function resolveOptions<T extends CommandOperationOptions>(
+  parent: OperationParent | undefined,
+  options?: T
+): T {
+  const result: T = Object.assign({}, options, resolveBSONOptions(options, parent));
+
+  const timeoutMS = options?.timeoutMS ?? parent?.timeoutMS;
+  // Users cannot pass a readConcern/writeConcern to operations in a transaction
+  const session = options?.session;
+
+  if (!session?.inTransaction()) {
+    const readConcern = ReadConcern.fromOptions(options) ?? parent?.readConcern;
+    if (readConcern) {
+      result.readConcern = readConcern;
+    }
+
+    let writeConcern = WriteConcern.fromOptions(options) ?? parent?.writeConcern;
+    if (writeConcern) {
+      if (timeoutMS != null) {
+        writeConcern = WriteConcern.fromOptions({
+          writeConcern: {
+            ...writeConcern,
+            wtimeout: undefined,
+            wtimeoutMS: undefined
+          }
+        });
+      }
+      result.writeConcern = writeConcern;
+    }
+  }
+
+  result.timeoutMS = timeoutMS;
+
+  const readPreference = ReadPreference.fromOptions(options) ?? parent?.readPreference;
+  if (readPreference) {
+    result.readPreference = readPreference;
+  }
+
+  const isConvenientTransaction = session?.explicit && session?.timeoutContext != null;
+  if (isConvenientTransaction && options?.timeoutMS != null) {
+    throw new MongoInvalidArgumentError(
+      'An operation cannot be given a timeoutMS setting when inside a withTransaction call that has a timeoutMS setting'
+    );
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+export function isSuperset(set: Set<any> | any[], subset: Set<any> | any[]): boolean {
+  set = Array.isArray(set) ? new Set(set) : set;
+  subset = Array.isArray(subset) ? new Set(subset) : subset;
+  for (const elem of subset) {
+    if (!set.has(elem)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Checks if the document is a Hello request
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function isHello(doc: Document): boolean {
+  return doc[LEGACY_HELLO_COMMAND] || doc.hello ? true : false;
+}
+
+/** Returns the items that are uniquely in setA */
+export function setDifference<T>(setA: Iterable<T>, setB: Iterable<T>): Set<T> {
+  const difference = new Set<T>(setA);
+  for (const elem of setB) {
+    difference.delete(elem);
+  }
+  return difference;
+}
+
+const HAS_OWN = (object: unknown, prop: string) =>
+  Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, prop);
+
+export function isRecord<T extends readonly string[]>(
+  value: unknown,
+  requiredKeys: T
+): value is Record<T[number], any>;
+export function isRecord(value: unknown): value is Record<string, any>;
+export function isRecord(
+  value: unknown,
+  requiredKeys: string[] | undefined = undefined
+): value is Record<string, any> {
+  if (!isObject(value)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const ctor = (value as any).constructor;
+  if (ctor && ctor.prototype) {
+    if (!isObject(ctor.prototype)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    // Check to see if some method exists from the Object exists
+    if (!HAS_OWN(ctor.prototype, 'isPrototypeOf')) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (requiredKeys) {
+    const keys = Object.keys(value as Record<string, any>);
+    return isSuperset(keys, requiredKeys);
+  }
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+type ListNode<T> = {
+  value: T;
+  next: ListNode<T> | HeadNode<T>;
+  prev: ListNode<T> | HeadNode<T>;
+};
+
+type HeadNode<T> = {
+  value: null;
+  next: ListNode<T>;
+  prev: ListNode<T>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * When a list is empty the head is a reference with pointers to itself
+ * So this type represents that self referential state
+ */
+type EmptyNode = {
+  value: null;
+  next: EmptyNode;
+  prev: EmptyNode;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A sequential list of items in a circularly linked list
+ * @remarks
+ * The head node is special, it is always defined and has a value of null.
+ * It is never "included" in the list, in that, it is not returned by pop/shift or yielded by the iterator.
+ * The circular linkage and always defined head node are to reduce checks for null next/prev references to zero.
+ * New nodes are declared as object literals with keys always in the same order: next, prev, value.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class List<T = unknown> {
+  private readonly head: HeadNode<T> | EmptyNode;
+  private count: number;
+
+  get length() {
+    return this.count;
+  }
+
+  get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
+    return 'List' as const;
+  }
+
+  constructor() {
+    this.count = 0;
+
+    // this is carefully crafted:
+    // declaring a complete and consistently key ordered
+    // object is beneficial to the runtime optimizations
+    this.head = {
+      next: null,
+      prev: null,
+      value: null
+    } as unknown as EmptyNode;
+    this.head.next = this.head;
+    this.head.prev = this.head;
+  }
+
+  toArray() {
+    return Array.from(this);
+  }
+
+  toString() {
+    return `head <=> ${this.toArray().join(' <=> ')} <=> head`;
+  }
+
+  *[Symbol.iterator](): Generator<T, void, void> {
+    for (const node of this.nodes()) {
+      yield node.value;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private *nodes(): Generator<ListNode<T>, void, void> {
+    let ptr: HeadNode<T> | ListNode<T> | EmptyNode = this.head.next;
+    while (ptr !== this.head) {
+      // Save next before yielding so that we make removing within iteration safe
+      const { next } = ptr as ListNode<T>;
+      yield ptr as ListNode<T>;
+      ptr = next;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Insert at end of list */
+  push(value: T) {
+    this.count += 1;
+    const newNode: ListNode<T> = {
+      next: this.head as HeadNode<T>,
+      prev: this.head.prev as ListNode<T>,
+      value
+    };
+    this.head.prev.next = newNode;
+    this.head.prev = newNode;
+  }
+
+  /** Inserts every item inside an iterable instead of the iterable itself */
+  pushMany(iterable: Iterable<T>) {
+    for (const value of iterable) {
+      this.push(value);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** Insert at front of list */
+  unshift(value: T) {
+    this.count += 1;
+    const newNode: ListNode<T> = {
+      next: this.head.next as ListNode<T>,
+      prev: this.head as HeadNode<T>,
+      value
+    };
+    this.head.next.prev = newNode;
+    this.head.next = newNode;
+  }
+
+  private remove(node: ListNode<T> | EmptyNode): T | null {
+    if (node === this.head || this.length === 0) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    this.count -= 1;
+
+    const prevNode = node.prev;
+    const nextNode = node.next;
+    prevNode.next = nextNode;
+    nextNode.prev = prevNode;
+
+    return node.value;
+  }
+
+  /** Removes the first node at the front of the list */
+  shift(): T | null {
+    return this.remove(this.head.next);
+  }
+
+  /** Removes the last node at the end of the list */
+  pop(): T | null {
+    return this.remove(this.head.prev);
+  }
+
+  /** Iterates through the list and removes nodes where filter returns true */
+  prune(filter: (value: T) => boolean) {
+    for (const node of this.nodes()) {
+      if (filter(node.value)) {
+        this.remove(node);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  clear() {
+    this.count = 0;
+    this.head.next = this.head as EmptyNode;
+    this.head.prev = this.head as EmptyNode;
+  }
+
+  /** Returns the first item in the list, does not remove */
+  first(): T | null {
+    // If the list is empty, value will be the head's null
+    return this.head.next.value;
+  }
+
+  /** Returns the last item in the list, does not remove */
+  last(): T | null {
+    // If the list is empty, value will be the head's null
+    return this.head.prev.value;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A pool of Buffers which allow you to read them as if they were one
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class BufferPool {
+  private buffers: List<Uint8Array>;
+  private totalByteLength: number;
+
+  constructor() {
+    this.buffers = new List();
+    this.totalByteLength = 0;
+  }
+
+  get length(): number {
+    return this.totalByteLength;
+  }
+
+  /** Adds a buffer to the internal buffer pool list */
+  append(buffer: Uint8Array): void {
+    this.buffers.push(buffer);
+    this.totalByteLength += buffer.length;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * If BufferPool contains 4 bytes or more construct an int32 from the leading bytes,
+   * otherwise return null. Size can be negative, caller should error check.
+   */
+  getInt32(): number | null {
+    if (this.totalByteLength < 4) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    const firstBuffer = this.buffers.first();
+    if (firstBuffer != null && firstBuffer.byteLength >= 4) {
+      return NumberUtils.getInt32LE(firstBuffer, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Unlikely case: an int32 is split across buffers.
+    // Use read and put the returned buffer back on top
+    const top4Bytes = this.read(4);
+    const value = NumberUtils.getInt32LE(top4Bytes, 0);
+
+    // Put it back.
+    this.totalByteLength += 4;
+    this.buffers.unshift(top4Bytes);
+
+    return value;
+  }
+
+  /** Reads the requested number of bytes, optionally consuming them */
+  read(size: number): Uint8Array {
+    if (typeof size !== 'number' || size < 0) {
+      throw new MongoInvalidArgumentError('Argument "size" must be a non-negative number');
+    }
+
+    // oversized request returns empty buffer
+    if (size > this.totalByteLength) {
+      return ByteUtils.allocate(0);
+    }
+
+    // We know we have enough, we just don't know how it is spread across chunks
+    // TODO(NODE-4732): alloc API should change based on raw option
+    const result = ByteUtils.allocateUnsafe(size);
+
+    for (let bytesRead = 0; bytesRead < size; ) {
+      const buffer = this.buffers.shift();
+      if (buffer == null) {
+        break;
+      }
+      const bytesRemaining = size - bytesRead;
+      const bytesReadable = Math.min(bytesRemaining, buffer.byteLength);
+      const bytes = buffer.subarray(0, bytesReadable);
+
+      result.set(bytes, bytesRead);
+
+      bytesRead += bytesReadable;
+      this.totalByteLength -= bytesReadable;
+      if (bytesReadable < buffer.byteLength) {
+        this.buffers.unshift(buffer.subarray(bytesReadable));
+      }
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+}
+
+/** @public */
+export class HostAddress {
+  host: string | undefined = undefined;
+  port: number | undefined = undefined;
+  socketPath: string | undefined = undefined;
+  isIPv6 = false;
+
+  constructor(hostString: string) {
+    const escapedHost = hostString.split(' ').join('%20'); // escape spaces, for socket path hosts
+
+    if (escapedHost.endsWith('.sock')) {
+      // heuristically determine if we're working with a domain socket
+      this.socketPath = decodeURIComponent(escapedHost);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const urlString = `iLoveJS://${escapedHost}`;
+    let url;
+    try {
+      url = new URL(urlString);
+    } catch (urlError) {
+      const runtimeError = new MongoRuntimeError(`Unable to parse ${escapedHost} with URL`);
+      runtimeError.cause = urlError;
+      throw runtimeError;
+    }
+
+    const hostname = url.hostname;
+    const port = url.port;
+
+    let normalized = decodeURIComponent(hostname).toLowerCase();
+    if (normalized.startsWith('[') && normalized.endsWith(']')) {
+      this.isIPv6 = true;
+      normalized = normalized.substring(1, hostname.length - 1);
+    }
+
+    this.host = normalized.toLowerCase();
+
+    if (typeof port === 'number') {
+      this.port = port;
+    } else if (typeof port === 'string' && port !== '') {
+      this.port = Number.parseInt(port, 10);
+    } else {
+      this.port = 27017;
+    }
+
+    if (this.port === 0) {
+      throw new MongoParseError('Invalid port (zero) with hostname');
+    }
+    Object.freeze(this);
+  }
+
+  [Symbol.for('nodejs.util.inspect.custom')](): string {
+    return this.inspect();
+  }
+
+  inspect(): string {
+    return `new HostAddress('${this.toString()}')`;
+  }
+
+  toString(): string {
+    if (typeof this.host === 'string') {
+      if (this.isIPv6) {
+        return `[${this.host}]:${this.port}`;
+      }
+      return `${this.host}:${this.port}`;
+    }
+    return `${this.socketPath}`;
+  }
+
+  static fromString(this: void, s: string): HostAddress {
+    return new HostAddress(s);
+  }
+
+  static fromHostPort(host: string, port: number): HostAddress {
+    if (host.includes(':')) {
+      host = `[${host}]`; // IPv6 address
+    }
+    return HostAddress.fromString(`${host}:${port}`);
+  }
+
+  static fromSrvRecord({ name, port }: SrvRecord): HostAddress {
+    return HostAddress.fromHostPort(name, port);
+  }
+
+  toHostPort(): { host: string; port: number } {
+    if (this.socketPath) {
+      return { host: this.socketPath, port: 0 };
+    }
+
+    const host = this.host ?? '';
+    const port = this.port ?? 0;
+    return { host, port };
+  }
+}
+
+export const DEFAULT_PK_FACTORY = {
+  // We prefer not to rely on ObjectId having a createPk method
+  createPk(): ObjectId {
+    return new ObjectId();
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+ * When the driver used emitWarning the code will be equal to this.
+ * @public
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * process.on('warning', (warning) => {
+ *  if (warning.code === MONGODB_WARNING_CODE) console.error('Ah an important warning! :)')
+ * })
+ * ```
+ */
+export const MONGODB_WARNING_CODE = 'MONGODB DRIVER';
+
+/** @internal */
+export function emitWarning(message: string): void {
+  return process.emitWarning(message, { code: MONGODB_WARNING_CODE } as any);
+}
+
+const emittedWarnings = new Set();
+/**
+ * Will emit a warning once for the duration of the application.
+ * Uses the message to identify if it has already been emitted
+ * so using string interpolation can cause multiple emits
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function emitWarningOnce(message: string): void {
+  if (!emittedWarnings.has(message)) {
+    emittedWarnings.add(message);
+    return emitWarning(message);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Takes a JS object and joins the values into a string separated by ', '
+ */
+export function enumToString(en: Record<string, unknown>): string {
+  return Object.values(en).join(', ');
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determine if a server supports retryable writes.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function supportsRetryableWrites(server?: Server): boolean {
+  if (!server) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (server.loadBalanced) {
+    // Loadbalanced topologies will always support retry writes
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  if (server.description.logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes != null) {
+    // that supports sessions
+    if (server.description.type !== ServerType.Standalone) {
+      // and that is not a standalone
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Fisher–Yates Shuffle
+ *
+ * Reference: https://bost.ocks.org/mike/shuffle/
+ * @param sequence - items to be shuffled
+ * @param limit - Defaults to `0`. If nonzero shuffle will slice the randomized array e.g, `.slice(0, limit)` otherwise will return the entire randomized array.
+ */
+export function shuffle<T>(sequence: Iterable<T>, limit = 0): Array<T> {
+  const items = Array.from(sequence); // shallow copy in order to never shuffle the input
+
+  if (limit > items.length) {
+    throw new MongoRuntimeError('Limit must be less than the number of items');
+  }
+
+  let remainingItemsToShuffle = items.length;
+  const lowerBound = limit % items.length === 0 ? 1 : items.length - limit;
+  while (remainingItemsToShuffle > lowerBound) {
+    // Pick a remaining element
+    const randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * remainingItemsToShuffle);
+    remainingItemsToShuffle -= 1;
+
+    // And swap it with the current element
+    const swapHold = items[remainingItemsToShuffle];
+    items[remainingItemsToShuffle] = items[randomIndex];
+    items[randomIndex] = swapHold;
+  }
+
+  return limit % items.length === 0 ? items : items.slice(lowerBound);
+}
+
+/**
+ * TODO(NODE-4936): read concern eligibility for commands should be codified in command construction
+ * @internal
+ * @see https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/read-write-concern/read-write-concern.md#read-concern
+ */
+export function commandSupportsReadConcern(command: Document): boolean {
+  if (command.aggregate || command.count || command.distinct || command.find || command.geoNear) {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compare objectIds. `null` is always less
+ * - `+1 = oid1 is greater than oid2`
+ * - `-1 = oid1 is less than oid2`
+ * - `+0 = oid1 is equal oid2`
+ */
+export function compareObjectId(oid1?: ObjectId | null, oid2?: ObjectId | null): 0 | 1 | -1 {
+  if (oid1 == null && oid2 == null) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (oid1 == null) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  if (oid2 == null) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return ByteUtils.compare(oid1.id, oid2.id);
+}
+
+export function parseInteger(value: unknown): number | null {
+  if (typeof value === 'number') return Math.trunc(value);
+  const parsedValue = Number.parseInt(String(value), 10);
+
+  return Number.isNaN(parsedValue) ? null : parsedValue;
+}
+
+export function parseUnsignedInteger(value: unknown): number | null {
+  const parsedInt = parseInteger(value);
+
+  return parsedInt != null && parsedInt >= 0 ? parsedInt : null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * This function throws a MongoAPIError in the event that either of the following is true:
+ * * If the provided address domain does not match the provided parent domain
+ * * If the parent domain contains less than three `.` separated parts and the provided address does not contain at least one more domain level than its parent
+ *
+ * If a DNS server were to become compromised SRV records would still need to
+ * advertise addresses that are under the same domain as the srvHost.
+ *
+ * @param address - The address to check against a domain
+ * @param srvHost - The domain to check the provided address against
+ * @returns void
+ */
+export function checkParentDomainMatch(address: string, srvHost: string): void {
+  // Remove trailing dot if exists on either the resolved address or the srv hostname
+  const normalizedAddress = address.endsWith('.') ? address.slice(0, address.length - 1) : address;
+  const normalizedSrvHost = srvHost.endsWith('.') ? srvHost.slice(0, srvHost.length - 1) : srvHost;
+
+  const allCharacterBeforeFirstDot = /^.*?\./;
+  const srvIsLessThanThreeParts = normalizedSrvHost.split('.').length < 3;
+  // Remove all characters before first dot
+  // Add leading dot back to string so
+  //   an srvHostDomain = '.trusted.site'
+  //   will not satisfy an addressDomain that endsWith '.fake-trusted.site'
+  const addressDomain = `.${normalizedAddress.replace(allCharacterBeforeFirstDot, '')}`;
+  let srvHostDomain = srvIsLessThanThreeParts
+    ? normalizedSrvHost
+    : `.${normalizedSrvHost.replace(allCharacterBeforeFirstDot, '')}`;
+
+  if (!srvHostDomain.startsWith('.')) {
+    srvHostDomain = '.' + srvHostDomain;
+  }
+  if (
+    srvIsLessThanThreeParts &&
+    normalizedAddress.split('.').length <= normalizedSrvHost.split('.').length
+  ) {
+    throw new MongoAPIError(
+      'Server record does not have at least one more domain level than parent URI'
+    );
+  }
+  if (!addressDomain.endsWith(srvHostDomain)) {
+    throw new MongoAPIError('Server record does not share hostname with parent URI');
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Perform a get request that returns status and body.
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function get(
+  url: URL | string,
+  options: http.RequestOptions = {}
+): Promise<{ body: string; status: number | undefined }> {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    /* eslint-disable prefer-const */
+    let timeoutId: NodeJS.Timeout;
+    const request = http
+      .get(url, options, response => {
+        response.setEncoding('utf8');
+        let body = '';
+        response.on('data', chunk => (body += chunk));
+        response.on('end', () => {
+          clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+          resolve({ status: response.statusCode, body });
+        });
+      })
+      .on('error', error => {
+        clearTimeout(timeoutId);
+        reject(error);
+      })
+      .end();
+    timeoutId = setTimeout(() => {
+      request.destroy(new MongoNetworkTimeoutError(`request timed out after 10 seconds`));
+    }, 10000);
+  });
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export const DOCUMENT_DB_CHECK = /(\.docdb\.amazonaws\.com$)|(\.docdb-elastic\.amazonaws\.com$)/;
+/** @internal */
+export const COSMOS_DB_CHECK = /\.cosmos\.azure\.com$/;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const DOCUMENT_DB_MSG =
+  'You appear to be connected to a DocumentDB cluster. For more information regarding feature compatibility and support please visit https://www.mongodb.com/supportability/documentdb';
+/** @internal */
+export const COSMOS_DB_MSG =
+  'You appear to be connected to a CosmosDB cluster. For more information regarding feature compatibility and support please visit https://www.mongodb.com/supportability/cosmosdb';
+
+/** @internal */
+export function isHostMatch(match: RegExp, host?: string): boolean {
+  return host && match.test(host.toLowerCase()) ? true : false;
+}
+
+export function promiseWithResolvers<T>(): {
+  promise: Promise<T>;
+  resolve: (value: T) => void;
+  reject: (error: Error) => void;
+} {
+  let resolve!: (value: T) => void;
+  let reject!: (error: Error) => void;
+  const promise = new Promise<T>(function withResolversExecutor(promiseResolve, promiseReject) {
+    resolve = promiseResolve;
+    reject = promiseReject;
+  });
+  return { promise, resolve, reject } as const;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A noop function intended for use in preventing unhandled rejections.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```js
+ * const promise = myAsyncTask();
+ * // eslint-disable-next-line github/no-then
+ * promise.then(undefined, squashError);
+ * ```
+ */
+export function squashError(_error: unknown) {
+  return;
+}
+
+export const randomBytes = (size: number): Promise<Uint8Array> => {
+  return Promise.resolve(crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(size)));
+};
+
+/**
+ * Replicates the events.once helper.
+ *
+ * Removes unused signal logic and It **only** supports 0 or 1 argument events.
+ *
+ * @param ee - An event emitter that may emit `ev`
+ * @param name - An event name to wait for
+ */
+export async function once<T>(ee: EventEmitter, name: string, options?: Abortable): Promise<T> {
+  options?.signal?.throwIfAborted();
+
+  const { promise, resolve, reject } = promiseWithResolvers<T>();
+  const onEvent = (data: T) => resolve(data);
+  const onError = (error: Error) => reject(error);
+  const abortListener = addAbortListener(options?.signal, function () {
+    reject(this.reason);
+  });
+
+  ee.once(name, onEvent).once('error', onError);
+
+  try {
+    return await promise;
+  } finally {
+    ee.off(name, onEvent);
+    ee.off('error', onError);
+    abortListener?.[kDispose]();
+  }
+}
+
+export function maybeAddIdToDocuments(
+  collection: Collection,
+  document: Document,
+  options: { forceServerObjectId?: boolean }
+): Document {
+  const forceServerObjectId =
+    options.forceServerObjectId ?? collection.db.options?.forceServerObjectId ?? false;
+
+  // no need to modify the docs if server sets the ObjectId
+  if (forceServerObjectId) {
+    return document;
+  }
+
+  if (document._id == null) {
+    document._id = collection.s.pkFactory.createPk();
+  }
+
+  return document;
+}
+
+export async function fileIsAccessible(fileName: string, mode?: number) {
+  try {
+    await fs.access(fileName, mode);
+    return true;
+  } catch {
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+export function csotMin(duration1: number, duration2: number): number {
+  if (duration1 === 0) return duration2;
+  if (duration2 === 0) return duration1;
+  return Math.min(duration1, duration2);
+}
+
+export function noop() {
+  return;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Recurse through the (identically-shaped) `decrypted` and `original`
+ * objects and attach a `decryptedKeys` property on each sub-object that
+ * contained encrypted fields. Because we only call this on BSON responses,
+ * we do not need to worry about circular references.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function decorateDecryptionResult(
+  decrypted: Document & { [kDecoratedKeys]?: Array<string> },
+  original: Document,
+  isTopLevelDecorateCall = true
+): void {
+  if (isTopLevelDecorateCall) {
+    // The original value could have been either a JS object or a BSON buffer
+    if (ByteUtils.isUint8Array(original)) {
+      original = deserialize(original);
+    }
+    if (ByteUtils.isUint8Array(decrypted)) {
+      throw new MongoRuntimeError('Expected result of decryption to be deserialized BSON object');
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!decrypted || typeof decrypted !== 'object') return;
+  for (const k of Object.keys(decrypted)) {
+    const originalValue = original[k];
+
+    // An object was decrypted by libmongocrypt if and only if it was
+    // a BSON Binary object with subtype 6.
+    if (originalValue && originalValue._bsontype === 'Binary' && originalValue.sub_type === 6) {
+      if (!decrypted[kDecoratedKeys]) {
+        Object.defineProperty(decrypted, kDecoratedKeys, {
+          value: [],
+          configurable: true,
+          enumerable: false,
+          writable: false
+        });
+      }
+      // this is defined in the preceding if-statement
+      // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
+      decrypted[kDecoratedKeys]!.push(k);
+      // Do not recurse into this decrypted value. It could be a sub-document/array,
+      // in which case there is no original value associated with its subfields.
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    decorateDecryptionResult(decrypted[k], originalValue, false);
+  }
+}
+
+/** @internal */
+export const kDispose: unique symbol = (Symbol.dispose as any) ?? Symbol('dispose');
+
+/** @internal */
+export interface Disposable {
+  [kDispose](): void;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A utility that helps with writing listener code idiomatically
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```js
+ * using listener = addAbortListener(signal, function () {
+ *   console.log('aborted', this.reason);
+ * });
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param signal - if exists adds an abort listener
+ * @param listener - the listener to be added to signal
+ * @returns A disposable that will remove the abort listener
+ */
+export function addAbortListener(
+  signal: AbortSignal | undefined | null,
+  listener: (this: AbortSignal, event: Event) => void
+): Disposable | undefined {
+  if (signal == null) return;
+  signal.addEventListener('abort', listener, { once: true });
+  return { [kDispose]: () => signal.removeEventListener('abort', listener) };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Takes a promise and races it with a promise wrapping the abort event of the optionally provided signal.
+ * The given promise is _always_ ordered before the signal's abort promise.
+ * When given an already rejected promise and an already aborted signal, the promise's rejection takes precedence.
+ *
+ * Any asynchronous processing in `promise` will continue even after the abort signal has fired,
+ * but control will be returned to the caller
+ *
+ * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Promise/race
+ *
+ * @param promise - A promise to discard if the signal aborts
+ * @param options - An options object carrying an optional signal
+ */
+export async function abortable<T>(
+  promise: Promise<T>,
+  { signal }: { signal?: AbortSignal }
+): Promise<T> {
+  if (signal == null) {
+    return await promise;
+  }
+
+  const { promise: aborted, reject } = promiseWithResolvers<never>();
+
+  const abortListener = signal.aborted
+    ? reject(signal.reason)
+    : addAbortListener(signal, function () {
+        reject(this.reason);
+      });
+
+  try {
+    return await Promise.race([promise, aborted]);
+  } finally {
+    abortListener?.[kDispose]();
+  }
+}