aigroup-workflow 2.2.1 → 2.2.3

package/skills/database/postgres-pro/references/extensions.md

@@ -1,404 +1,404 @@
-# PostgreSQL Extensions
-
-## Extension Management
-
-```sql
--- List available extensions
-SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions ORDER BY name;
-
--- List installed extensions
-SELECT * FROM pg_extension;
-
--- Install extension
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
-
--- Drop extension
-DROP EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;
-
--- Update extension
-ALTER EXTENSION pg_stat_statements UPDATE TO '1.10';
-```
-
-## pg_stat_statements (Query Performance)
-
-```sql
--- Install and configure
-CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;
-
--- postgresql.conf:
--- shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'
--- pg_stat_statements.max = 10000
--- pg_stat_statements.track = all
-
--- Top 10 slowest queries by mean time
-SELECT
-  query,
-  calls,
-  total_exec_time,
-  mean_exec_time,
-  max_exec_time,
-  stddev_exec_time,
-  rows
-FROM pg_stat_statements
-ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC
-LIMIT 10;
-
--- Most frequently called queries
-SELECT
-  query,
-  calls,
-  total_exec_time,
-  mean_exec_time
-FROM pg_stat_statements
-ORDER BY calls DESC
-LIMIT 10;
-
--- Most time-consuming queries (total time)
-SELECT
-  query,
-  calls,
-  total_exec_time / 1000 as total_seconds,
-  mean_exec_time,
-  (total_exec_time / sum(total_exec_time) OVER ()) * 100 as percentage
-FROM pg_stat_statements
-ORDER BY total_exec_time DESC
-LIMIT 10;
-
--- Reset statistics
-SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset();
-```
-
-## uuid-ossp (UUID Generation)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
-
--- Generate UUIDs
-SELECT uuid_generate_v1();    -- Time-based + MAC address
-SELECT uuid_generate_v4();    -- Random (most common)
-
--- Use in tables
-CREATE TABLE users (
-  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
-  email TEXT NOT NULL,
-  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT NOW()
-);
-
--- Insert
-INSERT INTO users (email) VALUES ('user@example.com')
-RETURNING id;
-```
-
-## pg_trgm (Fuzzy String Matching)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
-
--- Similarity search
-SELECT
-  email,
-  similarity(email, 'john@example.com') as sim
-FROM users
-WHERE similarity(email, 'john@example.com') > 0.3
-ORDER BY sim DESC;
-
--- LIKE optimization with trigram index
-CREATE INDEX idx_users_email_trgm ON users USING GIN(email gin_trgm_ops);
-
--- Now these queries use index:
-SELECT * FROM users WHERE email ILIKE '%john%';
-SELECT * FROM users WHERE email % 'jon@example.com';  -- Similar to
-
--- Trigram operators
-SELECT 'hello' % 'helo';              -- True (similar)
-SELECT similarity('hello', 'helo');   -- 0.5
-SELECT word_similarity('hello', 'hello world');  -- 1.0
-
--- Set similarity threshold
-SET pg_trgm.similarity_threshold = 0.5;
-SELECT * FROM users WHERE email % 'searchtext';
-```
-
-## PostGIS (Spatial and Geographic)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
-
--- Create spatial table
-CREATE TABLE locations (
-  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
-  name TEXT NOT NULL,
-  geom GEOMETRY(Point, 4326)  -- WGS84 lat/lng
-);
-
--- Add spatial index
-CREATE INDEX idx_locations_geom ON locations USING GIST(geom);
-
--- Insert point (longitude, latitude)
-INSERT INTO locations (name, geom)
-VALUES ('NYC', ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326));
-
--- Distance queries (in meters)
-SELECT
-  name,
-  ST_Distance(
-    geom::geography,
-    ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-73.9857, 40.7484), 4326)::geography
-  ) as distance_meters
-FROM locations
-ORDER BY distance_meters
-LIMIT 10;
-
--- Within radius (1km = 1000m)
-SELECT * FROM locations
-WHERE ST_DWithin(
-  geom::geography,
-  ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326)::geography,
-  1000
-);
-
--- Bounding box query (very fast with GIST index)
-SELECT * FROM locations
-WHERE geom && ST_MakeEnvelope(-74.1, 40.6, -73.9, 40.8, 4326);
-
--- Contains query
-SELECT * FROM zones
-WHERE ST_Contains(geom, ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326));
-
--- Area calculation
-SELECT
-  name,
-  ST_Area(geom::geography) / 1000000 as area_km2
-FROM zones;
-
--- GeoJSON export
-SELECT
-  name,
-  ST_AsGeoJSON(geom) as geojson
-FROM locations;
-```
-
-## pgvector (Vector Similarity Search)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector;
-
--- Create table with vector column
-CREATE TABLE embeddings (
-  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
-  content TEXT,
-  embedding vector(1536)  -- OpenAI embeddings are 1536 dimensions
-);
-
--- Add vector index (HNSW for better performance)
-CREATE INDEX ON embeddings USING hnsw (embedding vector_cosine_ops);
--- or IVFFlat for memory efficiency:
--- CREATE INDEX ON embeddings USING ivfflat (embedding vector_cosine_ops);
-
--- Insert vectors
-INSERT INTO embeddings (content, embedding)
-VALUES ('Hello world', '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]');
-
--- Similarity search (cosine distance)
-SELECT
-  content,
-  1 - (embedding <=> '[0.1, 0.2, ...]') as similarity
-FROM embeddings
-ORDER BY embedding <=> '[0.1, 0.2, ...]'
-LIMIT 10;
-
--- Distance operators
--- <-> L2 distance (Euclidean)
--- <#> negative inner product
--- <=> cosine distance (most common for embeddings)
-
--- Set index parameters for better recall
-SET hnsw.ef_search = 100;  -- Higher = better recall, slower query
-
--- Bulk insert optimization
-SET maintenance_work_mem = '2GB';
-```
-
-## pgcrypto (Encryption and Hashing)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto;
-
--- Hash passwords (use bcrypt)
-INSERT INTO users (email, password_hash)
-VALUES ('user@example.com', crypt('password123', gen_salt('bf', 10)));
-
--- Verify password
-SELECT * FROM users
-WHERE email = 'user@example.com'
-  AND password_hash = crypt('password123', password_hash);
-
--- Generate random values
-SELECT gen_random_uuid();
-SELECT gen_random_bytes(32);
-
--- Encrypt/decrypt data
-SELECT
-  pgp_sym_encrypt('sensitive data', 'encryption-key'),
-  pgp_sym_decrypt(encrypted_column, 'encryption-key')
-FROM table_name;
-
--- Digest functions
-SELECT digest('data', 'sha256');
-SELECT encode(digest('data', 'sha256'), 'hex');
-```
-
-## postgres_fdw (Foreign Data Wrapper)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgres_fdw;
-
--- Create foreign server
-CREATE SERVER remote_db
-FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw
-OPTIONS (host 'remote-host', port '5432', dbname 'remote_db');
-
--- User mapping
-CREATE USER MAPPING FOR current_user
-SERVER remote_db
-OPTIONS (user 'remote_user', password 'remote_password');
-
--- Import foreign schema
-IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA public
-FROM SERVER remote_db
-INTO remote_schema;
-
--- Or create specific foreign table
-CREATE FOREIGN TABLE remote_users (
-  id INTEGER,
-  email TEXT,
-  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ
-)
-SERVER remote_db
-OPTIONS (schema_name 'public', table_name 'users');
-
--- Query remote table (transparent)
-SELECT * FROM remote_users WHERE created_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '1 day';
-
--- Join local and remote tables
-SELECT
-  l.id,
-  l.name,
-  r.email
-FROM local_table l
-JOIN remote_users r ON l.user_id = r.id;
-```
-
-## pg_repack (Online Table Reorganization)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_repack;
-
--- Repack table (removes bloat, rebuilds indexes)
--- Run via command line, not SQL:
--- pg_repack -d mydb -t users
-
--- Check bloat before repack
-SELECT
-  schemaname,
-  tablename,
-  pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename)) as size,
-  pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename) -
-                 pg_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename)) as index_size
-FROM pg_tables
-WHERE schemaname = 'public'
-ORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename) DESC;
-
--- Repack entire database
--- pg_repack -d mydb
-
--- Repack with custom order
--- pg_repack -d mydb -t users -o "created_at DESC"
-```
-
-## timescaledb (Time-Series Data)
-
-```sql
-CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb;
-
--- Create hypertable (must have time column)
-CREATE TABLE metrics (
-  time TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
-  device_id INTEGER,
-  temperature DOUBLE PRECISION,
-  humidity DOUBLE PRECISION
-);
-
--- Convert to hypertable
-SELECT create_hypertable('metrics', 'time');
-
--- Set chunk interval (default 7 days)
-SELECT set_chunk_time_interval('metrics', INTERVAL '1 day');
-
--- Add compression
-ALTER TABLE metrics SET (
-  timescaledb.compress,
-  timescaledb.compress_segmentby = 'device_id',
-  timescaledb.compress_orderby = 'time DESC'
-);
-
--- Automatic compression policy (compress chunks older than 7 days)
-SELECT add_compression_policy('metrics', INTERVAL '7 days');
-
--- Retention policy (drop chunks older than 30 days)
-SELECT add_retention_policy('metrics', INTERVAL '30 days');
-
--- Continuous aggregates (materialized views for time-series)
-CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW metrics_hourly
-WITH (timescaledb.continuous) AS
-SELECT
-  time_bucket('1 hour', time) AS bucket,
-  device_id,
-  AVG(temperature) as avg_temp,
-  MAX(temperature) as max_temp,
-  MIN(temperature) as min_temp
-FROM metrics
-GROUP BY bucket, device_id;
-
--- Refresh policy
-SELECT add_continuous_aggregate_policy('metrics_hourly',
-  start_offset => INTERVAL '3 hours',
-  end_offset => INTERVAL '1 hour',
-  schedule_interval => INTERVAL '1 hour'
-);
-```
-
-## Extension Recommendations by Use Case
-
-**Query Performance Monitoring:**
-- `pg_stat_statements` (essential)
-- `pg_stat_kcache` (cache hit statistics)
-
-**Text Search:**
-- `pg_trgm` (fuzzy matching, LIKE optimization)
-- Built-in full-text search (no extension needed)
-
-**Spatial Data:**
-- `postgis` (comprehensive spatial features)
-
-**Vector Embeddings / AI:**
-- `pgvector` (for semantic search, RAG applications)
-
-**Time-Series:**
-- `timescaledb` (automatic partitioning, compression)
-
-**Data Security:**
-- `pgcrypto` (hashing, encryption)
-- `pg_audit` (audit logging)
-
-**UUID Support:**
-- `uuid-ossp` (UUID generation)
-
-**Cross-Database Queries:**
-- `postgres_fdw` (query remote PostgreSQL)
-- `file_fdw` (query CSV files)
-
-**Table Maintenance:**
-- `pg_repack` (online bloat removal)
+# PostgreSQL Extensions
+
+## Extension Management
+
+```sql
+-- List available extensions
+SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions ORDER BY name;
+
+-- List installed extensions
+SELECT * FROM pg_extension;
+
+-- Install extension
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
+
+-- Drop extension
+DROP EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;
+
+-- Update extension
+ALTER EXTENSION pg_stat_statements UPDATE TO '1.10';
+```
+
+## pg_stat_statements (Query Performance)
+
+```sql
+-- Install and configure
+CREATE EXTENSION pg_stat_statements;
+
+-- postgresql.conf:
+-- shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'
+-- pg_stat_statements.max = 10000
+-- pg_stat_statements.track = all
+
+-- Top 10 slowest queries by mean time
+SELECT
+  query,
+  calls,
+  total_exec_time,
+  mean_exec_time,
+  max_exec_time,
+  stddev_exec_time,
+  rows
+FROM pg_stat_statements
+ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC
+LIMIT 10;
+
+-- Most frequently called queries
+SELECT
+  query,
+  calls,
+  total_exec_time,
+  mean_exec_time
+FROM pg_stat_statements
+ORDER BY calls DESC
+LIMIT 10;
+
+-- Most time-consuming queries (total time)
+SELECT
+  query,
+  calls,
+  total_exec_time / 1000 as total_seconds,
+  mean_exec_time,
+  (total_exec_time / sum(total_exec_time) OVER ()) * 100 as percentage
+FROM pg_stat_statements
+ORDER BY total_exec_time DESC
+LIMIT 10;
+
+-- Reset statistics
+SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset();
+```
+
+## uuid-ossp (UUID Generation)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
+
+-- Generate UUIDs
+SELECT uuid_generate_v1();    -- Time-based + MAC address
+SELECT uuid_generate_v4();    -- Random (most common)
+
+-- Use in tables
+CREATE TABLE users (
+  id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
+  email TEXT NOT NULL,
+  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+-- Insert
+INSERT INTO users (email) VALUES ('user@example.com')
+RETURNING id;
+```
+
+## pg_trgm (Fuzzy String Matching)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_trgm;
+
+-- Similarity search
+SELECT
+  email,
+  similarity(email, 'john@example.com') as sim
+FROM users
+WHERE similarity(email, 'john@example.com') > 0.3
+ORDER BY sim DESC;
+
+-- LIKE optimization with trigram index
+CREATE INDEX idx_users_email_trgm ON users USING GIN(email gin_trgm_ops);
+
+-- Now these queries use index:
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE email ILIKE '%john%';
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE email % 'jon@example.com';  -- Similar to
+
+-- Trigram operators
+SELECT 'hello' % 'helo';              -- True (similar)
+SELECT similarity('hello', 'helo');   -- 0.5
+SELECT word_similarity('hello', 'hello world');  -- 1.0
+
+-- Set similarity threshold
+SET pg_trgm.similarity_threshold = 0.5;
+SELECT * FROM users WHERE email % 'searchtext';
+```
+
+## PostGIS (Spatial and Geographic)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
+
+-- Create spatial table
+CREATE TABLE locations (
+  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+  name TEXT NOT NULL,
+  geom GEOMETRY(Point, 4326)  -- WGS84 lat/lng
+);
+
+-- Add spatial index
+CREATE INDEX idx_locations_geom ON locations USING GIST(geom);
+
+-- Insert point (longitude, latitude)
+INSERT INTO locations (name, geom)
+VALUES ('NYC', ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326));
+
+-- Distance queries (in meters)
+SELECT
+  name,
+  ST_Distance(
+    geom::geography,
+    ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-73.9857, 40.7484), 4326)::geography
+  ) as distance_meters
+FROM locations
+ORDER BY distance_meters
+LIMIT 10;
+
+-- Within radius (1km = 1000m)
+SELECT * FROM locations
+WHERE ST_DWithin(
+  geom::geography,
+  ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326)::geography,
+  1000
+);
+
+-- Bounding box query (very fast with GIST index)
+SELECT * FROM locations
+WHERE geom && ST_MakeEnvelope(-74.1, 40.6, -73.9, 40.8, 4326);
+
+-- Contains query
+SELECT * FROM zones
+WHERE ST_Contains(geom, ST_SetSRID(ST_MakePoint(-74.0060, 40.7128), 4326));
+
+-- Area calculation
+SELECT
+  name,
+  ST_Area(geom::geography) / 1000000 as area_km2
+FROM zones;
+
+-- GeoJSON export
+SELECT
+  name,
+  ST_AsGeoJSON(geom) as geojson
+FROM locations;
+```
+
+## pgvector (Vector Similarity Search)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector;
+
+-- Create table with vector column
+CREATE TABLE embeddings (
+  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
+  content TEXT,
+  embedding vector(1536)  -- OpenAI embeddings are 1536 dimensions
+);
+
+-- Add vector index (HNSW for better performance)
+CREATE INDEX ON embeddings USING hnsw (embedding vector_cosine_ops);
+-- or IVFFlat for memory efficiency:
+-- CREATE INDEX ON embeddings USING ivfflat (embedding vector_cosine_ops);
+
+-- Insert vectors
+INSERT INTO embeddings (content, embedding)
+VALUES ('Hello world', '[0.1, 0.2, 0.3, ...]');
+
+-- Similarity search (cosine distance)
+SELECT
+  content,
+  1 - (embedding <=> '[0.1, 0.2, ...]') as similarity
+FROM embeddings
+ORDER BY embedding <=> '[0.1, 0.2, ...]'
+LIMIT 10;
+
+-- Distance operators
+-- <-> L2 distance (Euclidean)
+-- <#> negative inner product
+-- <=> cosine distance (most common for embeddings)
+
+-- Set index parameters for better recall
+SET hnsw.ef_search = 100;  -- Higher = better recall, slower query
+
+-- Bulk insert optimization
+SET maintenance_work_mem = '2GB';
+```
+
+## pgcrypto (Encryption and Hashing)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pgcrypto;
+
+-- Hash passwords (use bcrypt)
+INSERT INTO users (email, password_hash)
+VALUES ('user@example.com', crypt('password123', gen_salt('bf', 10)));
+
+-- Verify password
+SELECT * FROM users
+WHERE email = 'user@example.com'
+  AND password_hash = crypt('password123', password_hash);
+
+-- Generate random values
+SELECT gen_random_uuid();
+SELECT gen_random_bytes(32);
+
+-- Encrypt/decrypt data
+SELECT
+  pgp_sym_encrypt('sensitive data', 'encryption-key'),
+  pgp_sym_decrypt(encrypted_column, 'encryption-key')
+FROM table_name;
+
+-- Digest functions
+SELECT digest('data', 'sha256');
+SELECT encode(digest('data', 'sha256'), 'hex');
+```
+
+## postgres_fdw (Foreign Data Wrapper)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgres_fdw;
+
+-- Create foreign server
+CREATE SERVER remote_db
+FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw
+OPTIONS (host 'remote-host', port '5432', dbname 'remote_db');
+
+-- User mapping
+CREATE USER MAPPING FOR current_user
+SERVER remote_db
+OPTIONS (user 'remote_user', password 'remote_password');
+
+-- Import foreign schema
+IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA public
+FROM SERVER remote_db
+INTO remote_schema;
+
+-- Or create specific foreign table
+CREATE FOREIGN TABLE remote_users (
+  id INTEGER,
+  email TEXT,
+  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ
+)
+SERVER remote_db
+OPTIONS (schema_name 'public', table_name 'users');
+
+-- Query remote table (transparent)
+SELECT * FROM remote_users WHERE created_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '1 day';
+
+-- Join local and remote tables
+SELECT
+  l.id,
+  l.name,
+  r.email
+FROM local_table l
+JOIN remote_users r ON l.user_id = r.id;
+```
+
+## pg_repack (Online Table Reorganization)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_repack;
+
+-- Repack table (removes bloat, rebuilds indexes)
+-- Run via command line, not SQL:
+-- pg_repack -d mydb -t users
+
+-- Check bloat before repack
+SELECT
+  schemaname,
+  tablename,
+  pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename)) as size,
+  pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename) -
+                 pg_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename)) as index_size
+FROM pg_tables
+WHERE schemaname = 'public'
+ORDER BY pg_total_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||tablename) DESC;
+
+-- Repack entire database
+-- pg_repack -d mydb
+
+-- Repack with custom order
+-- pg_repack -d mydb -t users -o "created_at DESC"
+```
+
+## timescaledb (Time-Series Data)
+
+```sql
+CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb;
+
+-- Create hypertable (must have time column)
+CREATE TABLE metrics (
+  time TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+  device_id INTEGER,
+  temperature DOUBLE PRECISION,
+  humidity DOUBLE PRECISION
+);
+
+-- Convert to hypertable
+SELECT create_hypertable('metrics', 'time');
+
+-- Set chunk interval (default 7 days)
+SELECT set_chunk_time_interval('metrics', INTERVAL '1 day');
+
+-- Add compression
+ALTER TABLE metrics SET (
+  timescaledb.compress,
+  timescaledb.compress_segmentby = 'device_id',
+  timescaledb.compress_orderby = 'time DESC'
+);
+
+-- Automatic compression policy (compress chunks older than 7 days)
+SELECT add_compression_policy('metrics', INTERVAL '7 days');
+
+-- Retention policy (drop chunks older than 30 days)
+SELECT add_retention_policy('metrics', INTERVAL '30 days');
+
+-- Continuous aggregates (materialized views for time-series)
+CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW metrics_hourly
+WITH (timescaledb.continuous) AS
+SELECT
+  time_bucket('1 hour', time) AS bucket,
+  device_id,
+  AVG(temperature) as avg_temp,
+  MAX(temperature) as max_temp,
+  MIN(temperature) as min_temp
+FROM metrics
+GROUP BY bucket, device_id;
+
+-- Refresh policy
+SELECT add_continuous_aggregate_policy('metrics_hourly',
+  start_offset => INTERVAL '3 hours',
+  end_offset => INTERVAL '1 hour',
+  schedule_interval => INTERVAL '1 hour'
+);
+```
+
+## Extension Recommendations by Use Case
+
+**Query Performance Monitoring:**
+- `pg_stat_statements` (essential)
+- `pg_stat_kcache` (cache hit statistics)
+
+**Text Search:**
+- `pg_trgm` (fuzzy matching, LIKE optimization)
+- Built-in full-text search (no extension needed)
+
+**Spatial Data:**
+- `postgis` (comprehensive spatial features)
+
+**Vector Embeddings / AI:**
+- `pgvector` (for semantic search, RAG applications)
+
+**Time-Series:**
+- `timescaledb` (automatic partitioning, compression)
+
+**Data Security:**
+- `pgcrypto` (hashing, encryption)
+- `pg_audit` (audit logging)
+
+**UUID Support:**
+- `uuid-ossp` (UUID generation)
+
+**Cross-Database Queries:**
+- `postgres_fdw` (query remote PostgreSQL)
+- `file_fdw` (query CSV files)
+
+**Table Maintenance:**
+- `pg_repack` (online bloat removal)