@zephyr3d/scene 0.9.27 → 0.10.0

package/dist/animation/skeleton.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-import { Vector3, Disposable, randomUUID, Quaternion, DWeakRef, DRef, Matrix4x4, nextPowerOf2 } from '@zephyr3d/base';
+import { Vector3, Matrix4x4, Disposable, randomUUID, Quaternion, DWeakRef } from '@zephyr3d/base';
 import { BoundingBox } from '../utility/bounding_volume.js';
-import { getDevice } from '../app/api.js';
+import { SkinPaletteAtlas } from './skin_palette_atlas.js';
 
 /**
  * Standardized humanoid joint names for consistent skeleton mapping across models and animations.
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ import { getDevice } from '../app/api.js';
     return HumanoidHandRig;
 }({});
 const tmpV0 = new Vector3();
-const tmpV1 = new Vector3();
+const tmpMatrix = new Matrix4x4();
+const tmpMatrix2 = new Matrix4x4();
+/** Palette header slot: absolute slot indices of the current and previous sets */ const tmpHeader = new Float32Array(16);
 const humanoidHelperJointTokens = new Set([
     'end',
     'nub',
@@ -294,11 +296,14 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
  * - Applies skinning state to associated meshes each frame.
  * - Computes animated axis-aligned bounding boxes using representative skinned vertices.
  *
- * Joint matrix texture layout:
- * - Texture format: `rgba32f`.
- * - Stored as a 2-layered ring buffer: current and previous joint transforms to support
- *   temporal addressing if needed. Offsets are tracked in `_jointOffsets[0]` (current)
- *   and `_jointOffsets[1]` (previous).
+ * Joint matrix palette layout:
+ * - A block of slots in the shared {@link SkinPaletteAtlas}, one slot per 4x4 matrix.
+ * - Slot 0 is a header holding the absolute slot indices of the current and previous sets.
+ * - The rest is a 2-layered ring buffer: current and previous joint transforms to support
+ *   temporal addressing. Offsets relative to the block are tracked in `_jointOffsets[0]`
+ *   (current) and `_jointOffsets[1]` (previous).
+ * - Palette matrices are relative to {@link SkinBinding.referenceNode}, so they do not change
+ *   when the whole character moves and can be shared by instances of the same model.
  *
  * Usage:
  * - Construct with a rig, bind data, meshes and submesh bounding info.
@@ -314,8 +319,17 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
     /** @internal */ _inverseBindMatrices;
     /** @internal */ _jointMatrices;
     /** @internal */ _jointOffsets;
-    /** @internal */ _jointMatrixArray;
-    /** @internal */ _jointTexture;
+    /** @internal */ _paletteBlock;
+    /** @internal Number of meshes skinned by other palettes in place of this binding's */ _paletteSuspendCount;
+    /** @internal Increased each time the pose relative to the reference node changes */ _paletteVersion;
+    /** @internal Whether both palette sets hold the current pose, so a still pose needs no write */ _paletteSettled;
+    /**
+   * @internal Joints and the nodes between them and the reference node, whose local transforms
+   * make up the pose
+   */ _poseNodes;
+    /** @internal Sum of the local transform tags of the pose nodes when the pose last changed */ _poseTag;
+    /** @internal Meshes waiting for the pose to change before updating again */ _sleepingMeshes;
+    /** @internal */ _paletteData;
     /** @internal */ _playing;
     /** @internal */ _lastUpdateTime;
     /**
@@ -331,7 +345,13 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
         this._rig = rig;
         this._joints = joints ?? rig.joints;
         this._inverseBindMatrices = inverseBindMatrices;
-        this._jointTexture = new DRef();
+        this._paletteBlock = null;
+        this._paletteSuspendCount = 0;
+        this._paletteVersion = 0;
+        this._paletteSettled = false;
+        this._poseNodes = null;
+        this._poseTag = -1;
+        this._sleepingMeshes = new Set();
         this._playing = false;
         this._lastUpdateTime = 0;
         if (bindPose && bindPose !== rig.bindPose) {
@@ -405,9 +425,43 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
     /**
    * Texture containing joint matrices for GPU skinning.
    *
-   * Each matrix is stored in 4 texels (one row per texel, RGBA = 4 floats).
+   * This is the shared {@link SkinPaletteAtlas} texture; the palette of this binding starts at
+   * slot {@link SkinBinding.paletteBase}. Each matrix is stored in 4 texels (one row per texel,
+   * RGBA = 4 floats).
    */ get jointTexture() {
-        return this._jointTexture.get();
+        return SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.texture;
+    }
+    /**
+   * Index of the header slot of this binding's palette in the joint texture.
+   *
+   * @internal
+   */ get paletteBase() {
+        return this._paletteBlock?.base ?? 0;
+    }
+    /**
+   * Increased each time the pose relative to the reference node changes, so skinned meshes
+   * recompute their bounds only then. A model moving as a whole keeps its pose.
+   *
+   * @internal
+   */ get paletteVersion() {
+        return this._paletteVersion;
+    }
+    /**
+   * Have a skinned mesh queued for update the next time the pose changes, instead of every frame.
+   *
+   * @internal
+   */ sleepUntilPoseChanges(mesh) {
+        this._sleepingMeshes.add(mesh);
+    }
+    /**
+   * Node the palette matrices are relative to: the parent of the rig's root joint, or null
+   * for world space.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * A mesh skinned by this binding transforms palette output to its local space by
+   * `inverse(mesh.worldMatrix) * referenceNode.worldMatrix`.
+   */ get referenceNode() {
+        return this._rig.rootJoint?.parent ?? null;
     }
     /**
    * Get joint index by joint node
@@ -439,10 +493,13 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
    * @param worldMatrix - Optional world-to-model transform applied before inverse bind.
    * @internal
    */ updateJointMatrices() {
-        if (!this._jointTexture.get()) {
-            this._createJointTexture();
+        if (!this._jointOffsets) {
+            this._createPalette();
+        } else if (!this._paletteBlock) {
+            this._paletteBlock = SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.allocate(this.joints.length * 2 + 1);
         }
-        if (this._jointOffsets[0] === 0) {
+        const first = this._jointOffsets[0] === 0;
+        if (first) {
             this._jointOffsets[0] = 1;
             this._jointOffsets[1] = 1;
         } else {
@@ -452,6 +509,24 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
         for(let i = 0; i < this.joints.length; i++){
             Matrix4x4.multiply(this.joints[i].worldMatrix, this._inverseBindMatrices[i], this._jointMatrices[i + this._jointOffsets[0] - 1]);
         }
+        // CPU-side matrices are world space and always current; the palette and anything derived
+        // from the pose only change when the pose relative to the reference node does
+        const changed = this._poseChanged() || first;
+        if (changed) {
+            this._computePalette();
+            this._paletteSettled = false;
+            this._paletteVersion++;
+            for (const mesh of this._sleepingMeshes){
+                mesh.scene?.queueUpdateNode(mesh);
+            }
+            this._sleepingMeshes.clear();
+        }
+        // The first still frame writes the pose once more so the previous set equals the current
+        // one; after that both sets hold it and the atlas is left alone
+        if (!this._paletteSettled) {
+            this._writePalette();
+            this._paletteSettled = !changed;
+        }
     }
     /**
    * Reset skeleton to bind pose
@@ -461,14 +536,44 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
         this._rig.computeBindPose();
     }
     /**
-   * Compute current joint matrices from the nodes and upload them to the joint texture.
+   * Compute current joint matrices from the nodes and write them to the joint texture.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * The joint texture is uploaded once per frame when the scene update completes.
    *
    * @internal
    */ apply() {
-        this.updateJointMatrices();
-        const tex = this.jointTexture;
-        this._syncJointMatrixArray();
-        tex.update(this._jointMatrixArray, 0, 0, tex.width, tex.height);
+        if (this._paletteSuspendCount === 0) {
+            this.updateJointMatrices();
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+   * Stop or resume updating the palette, while meshes are skinned by other palettes in place of
+   * this binding's.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Calls are counted; the palette updates again once every suspension is resumed. CPU-side joint
+   * matrices are not updated while suspended either.
+   *
+   * The atlas block of the palette is released while suspended, since no mesh reads it, and
+   * allocated again on resume, at a new base: meshes pick it up as their palette overrides are
+   * cleared.
+   *
+   * @param suspend - true to suspend, false to resume
+   * @internal
+   */ suspendPalette(suspend) {
+        const wasSuspended = this._paletteSuspendCount > 0;
+        this._paletteSuspendCount = Math.max(0, this._paletteSuspendCount + (suspend ? 1 : -1));
+        if (!wasSuspended && this._paletteSuspendCount > 0 && this._paletteBlock) {
+            SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.free(this._paletteBlock);
+            this._paletteBlock = null;
+        } else if (wasSuspended && this._paletteSuspendCount === 0 && this._jointOffsets) {
+            this._paletteBlock = SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.allocate(this.joints.length * 2 + 1);
+            // The previous set is as old as the suspension, so restart the history: the next update
+            // writes both sets, giving no motion for one frame rather than the motion since then
+            this._jointOffsets[0] = 0;
+            this._paletteSettled = false;
+        }
     }
     /**
    * Apply all enabled modifiers.
@@ -500,32 +605,50 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
    * Compute the animated bounding box for a single mesh using its representative vertices.
    *
    * For each representative vertex:
-   * - Blends the vertex by up to 4 joint matrices using provided weights.
-   * - Transforms to the mesh's local space using `invWorldMatrix`.
+   * - Blends the vertex by up to 4 palette matrices using provided weights.
+   * - Transforms to the mesh's local space using `skinSpaceMatrix`.
    * - Expands the bounding box.
    *
+   * @remarks
+   * Reads the palette, which is relative to {@link SkinBinding.referenceNode} and changes together
+   * with {@link SkinBinding.paletteVersion}, rather than the world-space joint matrices: those are
+   * a snapshot of when the joints were last updated, and the model may have moved since without
+   * changing the pose, so combining them with the current mesh transform offsets the bounds.
+   *
    * @param info - Precomputed bounding data (representative vertices, indices, weights).
-   * @param invWorldMatrix - Mesh inverse world matrix to convert to model/local space.
+   * @param skinSpaceMatrix - Matrix transforming palette output to the mesh's local space,
+   *   see {@link Mesh.getSkinSpaceMatrix}.
    * @internal
-   */ computeBoundingBox(info, invWorldMatrix) {
+   */ computeBoundingBox(info, skinSpaceMatrix) {
         info.boundingBox.beginExtend();
+        const palette = this._paletteData;
+        if (!palette) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const numJoints = this.joints.length;
         const influenceCount = Math.max(1, info.influenceCount ?? 4);
         for(let i = 0; i < info.boundingVertices.length; i++){
-            tmpV0.setXYZ(0, 0, 0);
+            const v = info.boundingVertices[i];
+            let x = 0;
+            let y = 0;
+            let z = 0;
             const base = i * influenceCount;
             for(let j = 0; j < influenceCount; j++){
                 const weight = Number(info.boundingVertexJointWeights[base + j]) || 0;
                 if (weight <= 0) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                const matrix = this._jointMatrices[(Number(info.boundingVertexBlendIndices[base + j]) || 0) + this._jointOffsets[0] - 1];
-                if (!matrix) {
+                const joint = Number(info.boundingVertexBlendIndices[base + j]) || 0;
+                if (joint < 0 || joint >= numJoints) {
                     continue;
                 }
-                matrix.transformPointAffine(info.boundingVertices[i], tmpV1).scaleBy(weight);
-                tmpV0.addBy(tmpV1);
+                const m = joint * 16;
+                x += weight * (palette[m] * v.x + palette[m + 4] * v.y + palette[m + 8] * v.z + palette[m + 12]);
+                y += weight * (palette[m + 1] * v.x + palette[m + 5] * v.y + palette[m + 9] * v.z + palette[m + 13]);
+                z += weight * (palette[m + 2] * v.x + palette[m + 6] * v.y + palette[m + 10] * v.z + palette[m + 14]);
             }
-            invWorldMatrix.transformPointAffine(tmpV0, tmpV0);
+            tmpV0.setXYZ(x, y, z);
+            skinSpaceMatrix.transformPointAffine(tmpV0, tmpV0);
             info.boundingBox.extend(tmpV0);
         }
     }
@@ -536,7 +659,11 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
    * - Clears matrix arrays and joint references.
    */ onDispose() {
         super.onDispose();
-        this._jointTexture.dispose();
+        if (this._paletteBlock) {
+            SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.free(this._paletteBlock);
+            this._paletteBlock = null;
+        }
+        this._sleepingMeshes.clear();
         const m = SkinBinding._registry.get(this._id);
         if (m?.get() === this) {
             SkinBinding._registry.delete(this._id);
@@ -544,38 +671,78 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
         }
     }
     /**
-   * Initialize joint texture and CPU-side matrix storage.
+   * Allocate the palette block and CPU-side matrix storage.
    *
    * Layout details:
-   * - Texture size is the next power-of-two able to contain all matrices plus two offset texels.
-   * - `_jointMatrixArray` holds:
-   *   - First 2 vec4s: ring buffer offsets `[current, previous, 0, 0]`.
-   *   - Followed by 2×N matrices (current and previous), each as 16 floats.
-   * - `_jointMatrices` is a view into `_jointMatrixArray` providing Matrix4x4 objects per slot.
+   * - The block holds a header slot followed by 2×N matrix slots (current and previous).
+   * - `_jointOffsets` holds the ring buffer offsets `[current, previous]` relative to the block.
+   * - `_jointMatrices` holds the world-space skinning matrices of both sets, which CPU-side
+   *   consumers (bounds, cloth) read.
    *
    * @internal
-   */ _createJointTexture() {
-        const textureWidth = nextPowerOf2(Math.max(4, Math.ceil(Math.sqrt((this.joints.length * 2 + 1) * 4))));
-        const device = getDevice();
-        this._jointTexture.set(device.createTexture2D('rgba32f', textureWidth, textureWidth, {
-            mipmapping: false,
-            samplerOptions: {
-                magFilter: 'nearest',
-                minFilter: 'nearest'
-            }
-        }));
-        this._jointMatrixArray = new Float32Array(textureWidth * textureWidth * 4);
-        this._jointOffsets = this._jointMatrixArray.subarray(0, 2);
-        this._jointOffsets[0] = 0;
-        this._jointOffsets[1] = 0;
+   */ _createPalette() {
+        this._paletteBlock = SkinPaletteAtlas.instance.allocate(this.joints.length * 2 + 1);
+        this._paletteData = new Float32Array(this.joints.length * 16);
+        this._paletteSettled = false;
+        this._jointOffsets = new Float32Array(2);
         this._jointMatrices = Array.from({
             length: this.joints.length * 2
         }).map(()=>new Matrix4x4());
     }
-    _syncJointMatrixArray() {
-        for(let i = 0; i < this._jointMatrices.length; i++){
-            this._jointMatrixArray.set(this._jointMatrices[i], (i + 1) * 16);
+    /**
+   * Whether the pose may have changed since it last did: the local transform of a joint, or of a
+   * node between the joints and the reference node, has changed.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Moving the whole model changes the world matrices of the joints but not the pose, so world
+   * matrices cannot tell; and comparing matrices taken back to the reference node trips over
+   * rounding far from the origin.
+   */ _poseChanged() {
+        const reference = this.referenceNode;
+        if (!this._poseNodes || this._poseNodes.reference !== reference) {
+            const nodes = new Set();
+            for (const joint of this.joints){
+                for(let node = joint; node && node !== reference; node = node.parent){
+                    if (nodes.has(node)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    nodes.add(node);
+                }
+            }
+            this._poseNodes = {
+                reference,
+                nodes: [
+                    ...nodes
+                ]
+            };
+            this._poseTag = -1;
+        }
+        let tag = 0;
+        for (const node of this._poseNodes.nodes){
+            tag += node.localTransformTag;
         }
+        if (tag !== this._poseTag) {
+            this._poseTag = tag;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+    /** Compute the current set of matrices relative to the reference node */ _computePalette() {
+        const reference = this.referenceNode;
+        const invReference = reference ? Matrix4x4.invertAffine(reference.worldMatrix, tmpMatrix) : null;
+        const offset = this._jointOffsets[0] - 1;
+        for(let i = 0; i < this.joints.length; i++){
+            const world = this._jointMatrices[i + offset];
+            this._paletteData.set(invReference ? Matrix4x4.multiplyAffine(invReference, world, tmpMatrix2) : world, i * 16);
+        }
+    }
+    /** Write the header and the current set of matrices to the palette */ _writePalette() {
+        const atlas = SkinPaletteAtlas.instance;
+        const base = this._paletteBlock.base;
+        atlas.writeSlots(base + this._jointOffsets[0], this._paletteData);
+        tmpHeader[0] = base + this._jointOffsets[0];
+        tmpHeader[1] = base + this._jointOffsets[1];
+        atlas.writeSlots(base, tmpHeader);
     }
     /**
    * Build representative skinned bounding data for a submesh.
@@ -720,6 +887,63 @@ function sideJointPatterns(side, patterns) {
         }
         return result;
     }
+    /**
+   * Skin packed direction vectors into mesh-local space for the current skeleton pose.
+   *
+   * Unlike positions, directions ignore matrix translation and are normalized after
+   * conversion through the mesh inverse world matrix.
+   *
+   * @internal
+   */ skinDirectionsToLocal(directions, blendIndices, weights, invWorldMatrix, out, influenceCount) {
+        const result = out && out.length === directions.length ? out : new Float32Array(directions.length);
+        const matrixOffset = this._jointOffsets[0] - 1;
+        const effectiveInfluenceCount = Math.max(1, influenceCount ?? Math.max(1, Math.floor(weights.length / Math.max(1, Math.floor(directions.length / 3)))));
+        for(let i = 0; i + 2 < directions.length; i += 3){
+            const vertexIndex = i / 3 >> 0;
+            const x = directions[i];
+            const y = directions[i + 1];
+            const z = directions[i + 2];
+            let skinnedX = 0;
+            let skinnedY = 0;
+            let skinnedZ = 0;
+            let weightSum = 0;
+            const base = vertexIndex * effectiveInfluenceCount;
+            for(let j = 0; j < effectiveInfluenceCount; j++){
+                const weight = Number(weights[base + j]) || 0;
+                if (weight <= 0) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                const jointIndex = (Number(blendIndices[base + j]) || 0) + matrixOffset;
+                const matrix = this._jointMatrices[jointIndex];
+                if (!matrix) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                skinnedX += (matrix[0] * x + matrix[4] * y + matrix[8] * z) * weight;
+                skinnedY += (matrix[1] * x + matrix[5] * y + matrix[9] * z) * weight;
+                skinnedZ += (matrix[2] * x + matrix[6] * y + matrix[10] * z) * weight;
+                weightSum += weight;
+            }
+            if (weightSum <= 1e-6) {
+                skinnedX = x;
+                skinnedY = y;
+                skinnedZ = z;
+            }
+            const localX = invWorldMatrix[0] * skinnedX + invWorldMatrix[4] * skinnedY + invWorldMatrix[8] * skinnedZ;
+            const localY = invWorldMatrix[1] * skinnedX + invWorldMatrix[5] * skinnedY + invWorldMatrix[9] * skinnedZ;
+            const localZ = invWorldMatrix[2] * skinnedX + invWorldMatrix[6] * skinnedY + invWorldMatrix[10] * skinnedZ;
+            const length = Math.hypot(localX, localY, localZ);
+            if (length > 1e-8) {
+                result[i] = localX / length;
+                result[i + 1] = localY / length;
+                result[i + 2] = localZ / length;
+            } else {
+                result[i] = 0;
+                result[i + 1] = 1;
+                result[i + 2] = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
     static normalizeHumanoidJointName(name) {
         return name.slice(name.lastIndexOf(':') + 1).replace(/([A-Z]+)([A-Z][a-z])/g, '$1 $2').replace(/([a-z0-9])([A-Z])/g, '$1 $2').replace(/([a-zA-Z])(\d+)/g, '$1 $2').replace(/(\d+)([a-zA-Z])/g, '$1 $2').replace(/[_:\/\\.-]+/g, ' ').replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9]+/g, ' ').toLowerCase().replace(/\bforearm\b/g, 'fore arm').replace(/\bupperarm\b/g, 'upper arm').replace(/\blowerarm\b/g, 'lower arm').replace(/\bupleg\b/g, 'up leg').replace(/\bupperleg\b/g, 'upper leg').replace(/\blowerleg\b/g, 'lower leg').replace(/\btoebase\b/g, 'toe base').replace(/\bupperchest\b/g, 'upper chest').replace(/\btoes\b/g, 'toe').replace(/\blittle\b/g, 'pinky').replace(/\bcollar\b/g, 'clavicle').replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
     }