@smake/eigen 1.0.2 → 1.1.1

package/eigen/Eigen/src/SparseLU/SparseLU.h

@@ -8,766 +8,962 @@
 // Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
 // with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 
-
 #ifndef EIGEN_SPARSE_LU_H
 #define EIGEN_SPARSE_LU_H
 
+// IWYU pragma: private
+#include "./InternalHeaderCheck.h"
+
 namespace Eigen {
 
-template <typename _MatrixType, typename _OrderingType = COLAMDOrdering<typename _MatrixType::StorageIndex> > class SparseLU;
-template <typename MappedSparseMatrixType> struct SparseLUMatrixLReturnType;
-template <typename MatrixLType, typename MatrixUType> struct SparseLUMatrixUReturnType;
+template <typename MatrixType_, typename OrderingType_ = COLAMDOrdering<typename MatrixType_::StorageIndex>>
+class SparseLU;
+template <typename MappedSparseMatrixType>
+struct SparseLUMatrixLReturnType;
+template <typename MatrixLType, typename MatrixUType>
+struct SparseLUMatrixUReturnType;
 
-/** \ingroup SparseLU_Module
-  * \class SparseLU
-  * 
-  * \brief Sparse supernodal LU factorization for general matrices
-  * 
-  * This class implements the supernodal LU factorization for general matrices.
-  * It uses the main techniques from the sequential SuperLU package 
-  * (http://crd-legacy.lbl.gov/~xiaoye/SuperLU/). It handles transparently real 
-  * and complex arithmetics with single and double precision, depending on the 
-  * scalar type of your input matrix. 
-  * The code has been optimized to provide BLAS-3 operations during supernode-panel updates. 
-  * It benefits directly from the built-in high-performant Eigen BLAS routines. 
-  * Moreover, when the size of a supernode is very small, the BLAS calls are avoided to 
-  * enable a better optimization from the compiler. For best performance, 
-  * you should compile it with NDEBUG flag to avoid the numerous bounds checking on vectors. 
-  * 
-  * An important parameter of this class is the ordering method. It is used to reorder the columns 
-  * (and eventually the rows) of the matrix to reduce the number of new elements that are created during 
-  * numerical factorization. The cheapest method available is COLAMD. 
-  * See  \link OrderingMethods_Module the OrderingMethods module \endlink for the list of 
-  * built-in and external ordering methods. 
-  *
-  * Simple example with key steps 
-  * \code
-  * VectorXd x(n), b(n);
-  * SparseMatrix<double> A;
-  * SparseLU<SparseMatrix<double>, COLAMDOrdering<int> >   solver;
-  * // fill A and b;
-  * // Compute the ordering permutation vector from the structural pattern of A
-  * solver.analyzePattern(A); 
-  * // Compute the numerical factorization 
-  * solver.factorize(A); 
-  * //Use the factors to solve the linear system 
-  * x = solver.solve(b); 
-  * \endcode
-  * 
-  * \warning The input matrix A should be in a \b compressed and \b column-major form.
-  * Otherwise an expensive copy will be made. You can call the inexpensive makeCompressed() to get a compressed matrix.
-  * 
-  * \note Unlike the initial SuperLU implementation, there is no step to equilibrate the matrix. 
-  * For badly scaled matrices, this step can be useful to reduce the pivoting during factorization. 
-  * If this is the case for your matrices, you can try the basic scaling method at
-  *  "unsupported/Eigen/src/IterativeSolvers/Scaling.h"
-  * 
-  * \tparam _MatrixType The type of the sparse matrix. It must be a column-major SparseMatrix<>
-  * \tparam _OrderingType The ordering method to use, either AMD, COLAMD or METIS. Default is COLMAD
-  *
-  * \implsparsesolverconcept
-  * 
-  * \sa \ref TutorialSparseSolverConcept
-  * \sa \ref OrderingMethods_Module
-  */
-template <typename _MatrixType, typename _OrderingType>
-class SparseLU : public SparseSolverBase<SparseLU<_MatrixType,_OrderingType> >, public internal::SparseLUImpl<typename _MatrixType::Scalar, typename _MatrixType::StorageIndex>
-{
-  protected:
-    typedef SparseSolverBase<SparseLU<_MatrixType,_OrderingType> > APIBase;
-    using APIBase::m_isInitialized;
-  public:
-    using APIBase::_solve_impl;
-    
-    typedef _MatrixType MatrixType; 
-    typedef _OrderingType OrderingType;
-    typedef typename MatrixType::Scalar Scalar; 
-    typedef typename MatrixType::RealScalar RealScalar; 
-    typedef typename MatrixType::StorageIndex StorageIndex;
-    typedef SparseMatrix<Scalar,ColMajor,StorageIndex> NCMatrix;
-    typedef internal::MappedSuperNodalMatrix<Scalar, StorageIndex> SCMatrix;
-    typedef Matrix<Scalar,Dynamic,1> ScalarVector;
-    typedef Matrix<StorageIndex,Dynamic,1> IndexVector;
-    typedef PermutationMatrix<Dynamic, Dynamic, StorageIndex> PermutationType;
-    typedef internal::SparseLUImpl<Scalar, StorageIndex> Base;
-
-    enum {
-      ColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::ColsAtCompileTime,
-      MaxColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::MaxColsAtCompileTime
-    };
-    
-  public:
-    SparseLU():m_lastError(""),m_Ustore(0,0,0,0,0,0),m_symmetricmode(false),m_diagpivotthresh(1.0),m_detPermR(1)
-    {
-      initperfvalues(); 
-    }
-    explicit SparseLU(const MatrixType& matrix)
-      : m_lastError(""),m_Ustore(0,0,0,0,0,0),m_symmetricmode(false),m_diagpivotthresh(1.0),m_detPermR(1)
-    {
-      initperfvalues(); 
-      compute(matrix);
-    }
-    
-    ~SparseLU()
-    {
-      // Free all explicit dynamic pointers 
-    }
-    
-    void analyzePattern (const MatrixType& matrix);
-    void factorize (const MatrixType& matrix);
-    void simplicialfactorize(const MatrixType& matrix);
-    
-    /**
-      * Compute the symbolic and numeric factorization of the input sparse matrix.
-      * The input matrix should be in column-major storage. 
-      */
-    void compute (const MatrixType& matrix)
-    {
-      // Analyze 
-      analyzePattern(matrix); 
-      //Factorize
-      factorize(matrix);
-    } 
-    
-    inline Index rows() const { return m_mat.rows(); }
-    inline Index cols() const { return m_mat.cols(); }
-    /** Indicate that the pattern of the input matrix is symmetric */
-    void isSymmetric(bool sym)
-    {
-      m_symmetricmode = sym;
-    }
-    
-    /** \returns an expression of the matrix L, internally stored as supernodes
-      * The only operation available with this expression is the triangular solve
-      * \code
-      * y = b; matrixL().solveInPlace(y);
-      * \endcode
-      */
-    SparseLUMatrixLReturnType<SCMatrix> matrixL() const
-    {
-      return SparseLUMatrixLReturnType<SCMatrix>(m_Lstore);
-    }
-    /** \returns an expression of the matrix U,
-      * The only operation available with this expression is the triangular solve
-      * \code
-      * y = b; matrixU().solveInPlace(y);
-      * \endcode
-      */
-    SparseLUMatrixUReturnType<SCMatrix,MappedSparseMatrix<Scalar,ColMajor,StorageIndex> > matrixU() const
-    {
-      return SparseLUMatrixUReturnType<SCMatrix, MappedSparseMatrix<Scalar,ColMajor,StorageIndex> >(m_Lstore, m_Ustore);
-    }
+template <bool Conjugate, class SparseLUType>
+class SparseLUTransposeView : public SparseSolverBase<SparseLUTransposeView<Conjugate, SparseLUType>> {
+ protected:
+  typedef SparseSolverBase<SparseLUTransposeView<Conjugate, SparseLUType>> APIBase;
+  using APIBase::m_isInitialized;
 
-    /**
-      * \returns a reference to the row matrix permutation \f$ P_r \f$ such that \f$P_r A P_c^T = L U\f$
-      * \sa colsPermutation()
-      */
-    inline const PermutationType& rowsPermutation() const
-    {
-      return m_perm_r;
-    }
-    /**
-      * \returns a reference to the column matrix permutation\f$ P_c^T \f$ such that \f$P_r A P_c^T = L U\f$
-      * \sa rowsPermutation()
-      */
-    inline const PermutationType& colsPermutation() const
-    {
-      return m_perm_c;
-    }
-    /** Set the threshold used for a diagonal entry to be an acceptable pivot. */
-    void setPivotThreshold(const RealScalar& thresh)
-    {
-      m_diagpivotthresh = thresh; 
+ public:
+  typedef typename SparseLUType::Scalar Scalar;
+  typedef typename SparseLUType::StorageIndex StorageIndex;
+  typedef typename SparseLUType::MatrixType MatrixType;
+  typedef typename SparseLUType::OrderingType OrderingType;
+
+  enum { ColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::ColsAtCompileTime, MaxColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::MaxColsAtCompileTime };
+
+  SparseLUTransposeView() : APIBase(), m_sparseLU(NULL) {}
+  SparseLUTransposeView(const SparseLUTransposeView& view) : APIBase() {
+    this->m_sparseLU = view.m_sparseLU;
+    this->m_isInitialized = view.m_isInitialized;
+  }
+  void setIsInitialized(const bool isInitialized) { this->m_isInitialized = isInitialized; }
+  void setSparseLU(SparseLUType* sparseLU) { m_sparseLU = sparseLU; }
+  using APIBase::_solve_impl;
+  template <typename Rhs, typename Dest>
+  bool _solve_impl(const MatrixBase<Rhs>& B, MatrixBase<Dest>& X_base) const {
+    Dest& X(X_base.derived());
+    eigen_assert(m_sparseLU->info() == Success && "The matrix should be factorized first");
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((Dest::Flags & RowMajorBit) == 0, THIS_METHOD_IS_ONLY_FOR_COLUMN_MAJOR_MATRICES);
+
+    // this ugly const_cast_derived() helps to detect aliasing when applying the permutations
+    for (Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j) {
+      X.col(j) = m_sparseLU->colsPermutation() * B.const_cast_derived().col(j);
     }
+    // Forward substitution with transposed or adjoint of U
+    m_sparseLU->matrixU().template solveTransposedInPlace<Conjugate>(X);
+
+    // Backward substitution with transposed or adjoint of L
+    m_sparseLU->matrixL().template solveTransposedInPlace<Conjugate>(X);
+
+    // Permute back the solution
+    for (Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j) X.col(j) = m_sparseLU->rowsPermutation().transpose() * X.col(j);
+    return true;
+  }
+  inline Index rows() const { return m_sparseLU->rows(); }
+  inline Index cols() const { return m_sparseLU->cols(); }
+
+ private:
+  SparseLUType* m_sparseLU;
+  SparseLUTransposeView& operator=(const SparseLUTransposeView&);
+};
+
+/** \ingroup SparseLU_Module
+ * \class SparseLU
+ *
+ * \brief Sparse supernodal LU factorization for general matrices
+ *
+ * This class implements the supernodal LU factorization for general matrices.
+ * It uses the main techniques from the sequential SuperLU package
+ * (http://crd-legacy.lbl.gov/~xiaoye/SuperLU/). It handles transparently real
+ * and complex arithmetic with single and double precision, depending on the
+ * scalar type of your input matrix.
+ * The code has been optimized to provide BLAS-3 operations during supernode-panel updates.
+ * It benefits directly from the built-in high-performant Eigen BLAS routines.
+ * Moreover, when the size of a supernode is very small, the BLAS calls are avoided to
+ * enable a better optimization from the compiler. For best performance,
+ * you should compile it with NDEBUG flag to avoid the numerous bounds checking on vectors.
+ *
+ * An important parameter of this class is the ordering method. It is used to reorder the columns
+ * (and eventually the rows) of the matrix to reduce the number of new elements that are created during
+ * numerical factorization. The cheapest method available is COLAMD.
+ * See  \link OrderingMethods_Module the OrderingMethods module \endlink for the list of
+ * built-in and external ordering methods.
+ *
+ * Simple example with key steps
+ * \code
+ * VectorXd x(n), b(n);
+ * SparseMatrix<double> A;
+ * SparseLU<SparseMatrix<double>, COLAMDOrdering<int> > solver;
+ * // Fill A and b.
+ * // Compute the ordering permutation vector from the structural pattern of A.
+ * solver.analyzePattern(A);
+ * // Compute the numerical factorization.
+ * solver.factorize(A);
+ * // Use the factors to solve the linear system.
+ * x = solver.solve(b);
+ * \endcode
+ *
+ * We can directly call compute() instead of analyzePattern() and factorize()
+ * \code
+ * VectorXd x(n), b(n);
+ * SparseMatrix<double> A;
+ * SparseLU<SparseMatrix<double>, COLAMDOrdering<int> > solver;
+ * // Fill A and b.
+ * solver.compute(A);
+ * // Use the factors to solve the linear system.
+ * x = solver.solve(b);
+ * \endcode
+ *
+ * Or give the matrix to the constructor SparseLU(const MatrixType& matrix)
+ * \code
+ * VectorXd x(n), b(n);
+ * SparseMatrix<double> A;
+ * // Fill A and b.
+ * SparseLU<SparseMatrix<double>, COLAMDOrdering<int> > solver(A);
+ * // Use the factors to solve the linear system.
+ * x = solver.solve(b);
+ * \endcode
+ *
+ * \warning The input matrix A should be in a \b compressed and \b column-major form.
+ * Otherwise an expensive copy will be made. You can call the inexpensive makeCompressed() to get a compressed matrix.
+ *
+ * \note Unlike the initial SuperLU implementation, there is no step to equilibrate the matrix.
+ * For badly scaled matrices, this step can be useful to reduce the pivoting during factorization.
+ * If this is the case for your matrices, you can try the basic scaling method at
+ *  "unsupported/Eigen/src/IterativeSolvers/Scaling.h"
+ *
+ * \tparam MatrixType_ The type of the sparse matrix. It must be a column-major SparseMatrix<>
+ * \tparam OrderingType_ The ordering method to use, either AMD, COLAMD or METIS. Default is COLMAD
+ *
+ * \implsparsesolverconcept
+ *
+ * \sa \ref TutorialSparseSolverConcept
+ * \sa \ref OrderingMethods_Module
+ */
+template <typename MatrixType_, typename OrderingType_>
+class SparseLU : public SparseSolverBase<SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>>,
+                 public internal::SparseLUImpl<typename MatrixType_::Scalar, typename MatrixType_::StorageIndex> {
+ protected:
+  typedef SparseSolverBase<SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>> APIBase;
+  using APIBase::m_isInitialized;
+
+ public:
+  using APIBase::_solve_impl;
+
+  typedef MatrixType_ MatrixType;
+  typedef OrderingType_ OrderingType;
+  typedef typename MatrixType::Scalar Scalar;
+  typedef typename MatrixType::RealScalar RealScalar;
+  typedef typename MatrixType::StorageIndex StorageIndex;
+  typedef SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex> NCMatrix;
+  typedef internal::MappedSuperNodalMatrix<Scalar, StorageIndex> SCMatrix;
+  typedef Matrix<Scalar, Dynamic, 1> ScalarVector;
+  typedef Matrix<StorageIndex, Dynamic, 1> IndexVector;
+  typedef PermutationMatrix<Dynamic, Dynamic, StorageIndex> PermutationType;
+  typedef internal::SparseLUImpl<Scalar, StorageIndex> Base;
+
+  enum { ColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::ColsAtCompileTime, MaxColsAtCompileTime = MatrixType::MaxColsAtCompileTime };
+
+ public:
+  /** \brief Basic constructor of the solver.
+   *
+   * Construct a SparseLU. As no matrix is given as argument, compute() should be called afterward with a matrix.
+   */
+  SparseLU()
+      : m_lastError(""), m_Ustore(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), m_symmetricmode(false), m_diagpivotthresh(1.0), m_detPermR(1) {
+    initperfvalues();
+  }
+  /** \brief Constructor of the solver already based on a specific matrix.
+   *
+   * Construct a SparseLU. compute() is already called with the given matrix.
+   */
+  explicit SparseLU(const MatrixType& matrix)
+      : m_lastError(""), m_Ustore(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), m_symmetricmode(false), m_diagpivotthresh(1.0), m_detPermR(1) {
+    initperfvalues();
+    compute(matrix);
+  }
+
+  ~SparseLU() {
+    // Free all explicit dynamic pointers
+  }
+
+  void analyzePattern(const MatrixType& matrix);
+  void factorize(const MatrixType& matrix);
+  void simplicialfactorize(const MatrixType& matrix);
+
+  /** \brief Analyze and factorize the matrix so the solver is ready to solve.
+   *
+   * Compute the symbolic and numeric factorization of the input sparse matrix.
+   * The input matrix should be in column-major storage, otherwise analyzePattern()
+   * will do a heavy copy.
+   *
+   * Call analyzePattern() followed by factorize()
+   *
+   * \sa analyzePattern(), factorize()
+   */
+  void compute(const MatrixType& matrix) {
+    // Analyze
+    analyzePattern(matrix);
+    // Factorize
+    factorize(matrix);
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Return a solver for the transposed matrix.
+   *
+   * \returns an expression of the transposed of the factored matrix.
+   *
+   * A typical usage is to solve for the transposed problem A^T x = b:
+   * \code
+   * solver.compute(A);
+   * x = solver.transpose().solve(b);
+   * \endcode
+   *
+   * \sa adjoint(), solve()
+   */
+  const SparseLUTransposeView<false, SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>> transpose() {
+    SparseLUTransposeView<false, SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>> transposeView;
+    transposeView.setSparseLU(this);
+    transposeView.setIsInitialized(this->m_isInitialized);
+    return transposeView;
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Return a solver for the adjointed matrix.
+   *
+   * \returns an expression of the adjoint of the factored matrix
+   *
+   * A typical usage is to solve for the adjoint problem A' x = b:
+   * \code
+   * solver.compute(A);
+   * x = solver.adjoint().solve(b);
+   * \endcode
+   *
+   * For real scalar types, this function is equivalent to transpose().
+   *
+   * \sa transpose(), solve()
+   */
+  const SparseLUTransposeView<true, SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>> adjoint() {
+    SparseLUTransposeView<true, SparseLU<MatrixType_, OrderingType_>> adjointView;
+    adjointView.setSparseLU(this);
+    adjointView.setIsInitialized(this->m_isInitialized);
+    return adjointView;
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Give the number of rows.
+   */
+  inline Index rows() const { return m_mat.rows(); }
+  /** \brief Give the number of columns.
+   */
+  inline Index cols() const { return m_mat.cols(); }
+  /** \brief Let you set that the pattern of the input matrix is symmetric
+   */
+  void isSymmetric(bool sym) { m_symmetricmode = sym; }
+
+  /** \brief Give the matrixL
+   *
+   * \returns an expression of the matrix L, internally stored as supernodes
+   * The only operation available with this expression is the triangular solve
+   * \code
+   * y = b; matrixL().solveInPlace(y);
+   * \endcode
+   */
+  SparseLUMatrixLReturnType<SCMatrix> matrixL() const { return SparseLUMatrixLReturnType<SCMatrix>(m_Lstore); }
+  /** \brief Give the MatrixU
+   *
+   * \returns an expression of the matrix U,
+   * The only operation available with this expression is the triangular solve
+   * \code
+   * y = b; matrixU().solveInPlace(y);
+   * \endcode
+   */
+  SparseLUMatrixUReturnType<SCMatrix, Map<SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex>>> matrixU() const {
+    return SparseLUMatrixUReturnType<SCMatrix, Map<SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex>>>(m_Lstore, m_Ustore);
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Give the row matrix permutation.
+   *
+   * \returns a reference to the row matrix permutation \f$ P_r \f$ such that \f$P_r A P_c^T = L U\f$
+   * \sa colsPermutation()
+   */
+  inline const PermutationType& rowsPermutation() const { return m_perm_r; }
+  /** \brief Give the column matrix permutation.
+   *
+   * \returns a reference to the column matrix permutation\f$ P_c^T \f$ such that \f$P_r A P_c^T = L U\f$
+   * \sa rowsPermutation()
+   */
+  inline const PermutationType& colsPermutation() const { return m_perm_c; }
+  /** Set the threshold used for a diagonal entry to be an acceptable pivot. */
+  void setPivotThreshold(const RealScalar& thresh) { m_diagpivotthresh = thresh; }
 
 #ifdef EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
-    /** \returns the solution X of \f$ A X = B \f$ using the current decomposition of A.
-      *
-      * \warning the destination matrix X in X = this->solve(B) must be colmun-major.
-      *
-      * \sa compute()
-      */
-    template<typename Rhs>
-    inline const Solve<SparseLU, Rhs> solve(const MatrixBase<Rhs>& B) const;
-#endif // EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
-    
-    /** \brief Reports whether previous computation was successful.
-      *
-      * \returns \c Success if computation was succesful,
-      *          \c NumericalIssue if the LU factorization reports a problem, zero diagonal for instance
-      *          \c InvalidInput if the input matrix is invalid
-      *
-      * \sa iparm()          
-      */
-    ComputationInfo info() const
-    {
-      eigen_assert(m_isInitialized && "Decomposition is not initialized.");
-      return m_info;
-    }
-    
-    /**
-      * \returns A string describing the type of error
-      */
-    std::string lastErrorMessage() const
-    {
-      return m_lastError; 
-    }
+  /** \brief Solve a system \f$ A X = B \f$
+   *
+   * \returns the solution X of \f$ A X = B \f$ using the current decomposition of A.
+   *
+   * \warning the destination matrix X in X = this->solve(B) must be colmun-major.
+   *
+   * \sa compute()
+   */
+  template <typename Rhs>
+  inline const Solve<SparseLU, Rhs> solve(const MatrixBase<Rhs>& B) const;
+#endif  // EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
 
-    template<typename Rhs, typename Dest>
-    bool _solve_impl(const MatrixBase<Rhs> &B, MatrixBase<Dest> &X_base) const
-    {
-      Dest& X(X_base.derived());
-      eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first");
-      EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((Dest::Flags&RowMajorBit)==0,
-                        THIS_METHOD_IS_ONLY_FOR_COLUMN_MAJOR_MATRICES);
-      
-      // Permute the right hand side to form X = Pr*B
-      // on return, X is overwritten by the computed solution
-      X.resize(B.rows(),B.cols());
-
-      // this ugly const_cast_derived() helps to detect aliasing when applying the permutations
-      for(Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j)
-        X.col(j) = rowsPermutation() * B.const_cast_derived().col(j);
-      
-      //Forward substitution with L
-      this->matrixL().solveInPlace(X);
-      this->matrixU().solveInPlace(X);
-      
-      // Permute back the solution 
-      for (Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j)
-        X.col(j) = colsPermutation().inverse() * X.col(j);
-      
-      return true; 
-    }
-    
-    /**
-      * \returns the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix of which
-      * *this is the QR decomposition.
-      *
-      * \warning a determinant can be very big or small, so for matrices
-      * of large enough dimension, there is a risk of overflow/underflow.
-      * One way to work around that is to use logAbsDeterminant() instead.
-      *
-      * \sa logAbsDeterminant(), signDeterminant()
-      */
-    Scalar absDeterminant()
-    {
-      using std::abs;
-      eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
-      // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
-      Scalar det = Scalar(1.);
-      // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
-      // which are available in the  L part :)
-      for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j)
-      {
-        for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it)
-        {
-          if(it.index() == j)
-          {
-            det *= abs(it.value());
-            break;
-          }
+  /** \brief Reports whether previous computation was successful.
+   *
+   * \returns \c Success if computation was successful,
+   *          \c NumericalIssue if the LU factorization reports a problem, zero diagonal for instance
+   *          \c InvalidInput if the input matrix is invalid
+   *
+   * You can get a readable error message with lastErrorMessage().
+   *
+   * \sa lastErrorMessage()
+   */
+  ComputationInfo info() const {
+    eigen_assert(m_isInitialized && "Decomposition is not initialized.");
+    return m_info;
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Give a human readable error
+   *
+   * \returns A string describing the type of error
+   */
+  std::string lastErrorMessage() const { return m_lastError; }
+
+  template <typename Rhs, typename Dest>
+  bool _solve_impl(const MatrixBase<Rhs>& B, MatrixBase<Dest>& X_base) const {
+    Dest& X(X_base.derived());
+    eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first");
+    EIGEN_STATIC_ASSERT((Dest::Flags & RowMajorBit) == 0, THIS_METHOD_IS_ONLY_FOR_COLUMN_MAJOR_MATRICES);
+
+    // Permute the right hand side to form X = Pr*B
+    // on return, X is overwritten by the computed solution
+    X.resize(B.rows(), B.cols());
+
+    // this ugly const_cast_derived() helps to detect aliasing when applying the permutations
+    for (Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j) X.col(j) = rowsPermutation() * B.const_cast_derived().col(j);
+
+    // Forward substitution with L
+    this->matrixL().solveInPlace(X);
+    this->matrixU().solveInPlace(X);
+
+    // Permute back the solution
+    for (Index j = 0; j < B.cols(); ++j) X.col(j) = colsPermutation().inverse() * X.col(j);
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Give the absolute value of the determinant.
+   *
+   * \returns the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix of which
+   * *this is the QR decomposition.
+   *
+   * \warning a determinant can be very big or small, so for matrices
+   * of large enough dimension, there is a risk of overflow/underflow.
+   * One way to work around that is to use logAbsDeterminant() instead.
+   *
+   * \sa logAbsDeterminant(), signDeterminant()
+   */
+  Scalar absDeterminant() {
+    using std::abs;
+    eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
+    // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
+    Scalar det = Scalar(1.);
+    // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
+    // which are available in the  L part :)
+    for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j) {
+      for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it) {
+        if (it.index() == j) {
+          det *= abs(it.value());
+          break;
         }
       }
-      return det;
     }
+    return det;
+  }
 
-    /** \returns the natural log of the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix
-      * of which **this is the QR decomposition
-      *
-      * \note This method is useful to work around the risk of overflow/underflow that's
-      * inherent to the determinant computation.
-      *
-      * \sa absDeterminant(), signDeterminant()
-      */
-    Scalar logAbsDeterminant() const
-    {
-      using std::log;
-      using std::abs;
-
-      eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
-      Scalar det = Scalar(0.);
-      for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j)
-      {
-        for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it)
-        {
-          if(it.row() < j) continue;
-          if(it.row() == j)
-          {
-            det += log(abs(it.value()));
-            break;
-          }
+  /** \brief Give the natural log of the absolute determinant.
+   *
+   * \returns the natural log of the absolute value of the determinant of the matrix
+   * of which **this is the QR decomposition
+   *
+   * \note This method is useful to work around the risk of overflow/underflow that's
+   * inherent to the determinant computation.
+   *
+   * \sa absDeterminant(), signDeterminant()
+   */
+  Scalar logAbsDeterminant() const {
+    using std::abs;
+    using std::log;
+
+    eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
+    Scalar det = Scalar(0.);
+    for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j) {
+      for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it) {
+        if (it.row() < j) continue;
+        if (it.row() == j) {
+          det += log(abs(it.value()));
+          break;
         }
       }
-      return det;
     }
+    return det;
+  }
 
-    /** \returns A number representing the sign of the determinant
-      *
-      * \sa absDeterminant(), logAbsDeterminant()
-      */
-    Scalar signDeterminant()
-    {
-      eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
-      // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
-      Index det = 1;
-      // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
-      // which are available in the  L part :)
-      for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j)
-      {
-        for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it)
-        {
-          if(it.index() == j)
-          {
-            if(it.value()<0)
-              det = -det;
-            else if(it.value()==0)
-              return 0;
-            break;
-          }
+  /** \brief Give the sign of the determinant.
+   *
+   * \returns A number representing the sign of the determinant
+   *
+   * \sa absDeterminant(), logAbsDeterminant()
+   */
+  Scalar signDeterminant() {
+    eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
+    // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
+    Index det = 1;
+    // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
+    // which are available in the  L part :)
+    for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j) {
+      for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it) {
+        if (it.index() == j) {
+          if (it.value() < 0)
+            det = -det;
+          else if (it.value() == 0)
+            return 0;
+          break;
         }
       }
-      return det * m_detPermR * m_detPermC;
     }
-    
-    /** \returns The determinant of the matrix.
-      *
-      * \sa absDeterminant(), logAbsDeterminant()
-      */
-    Scalar determinant()
-    {
-      eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
-      // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
-      Scalar det = Scalar(1.);
-      // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
-      // which are available in the  L part :)
-      for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j)
-      {
-        for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it)
-        {
-          if(it.index() == j)
-          {
-            det *= it.value();
-            break;
-          }
+    return det * m_detPermR * m_detPermC;
+  }
+
+  /** \brief Give the determinant.
+   *
+   * \returns The determinant of the matrix.
+   *
+   * \sa absDeterminant(), logAbsDeterminant()
+   */
+  Scalar determinant() {
+    eigen_assert(m_factorizationIsOk && "The matrix should be factorized first.");
+    // Initialize with the determinant of the row matrix
+    Scalar det = Scalar(1.);
+    // Note that the diagonal blocks of U are stored in supernodes,
+    // which are available in the  L part :)
+    for (Index j = 0; j < this->cols(); ++j) {
+      for (typename SCMatrix::InnerIterator it(m_Lstore, j); it; ++it) {
+        if (it.index() == j) {
+          det *= it.value();
+          break;
         }
       }
-      return (m_detPermR * m_detPermC) > 0 ? det : -det;
     }
+    return (m_detPermR * m_detPermC) > 0 ? det : -det;
+  }
 
-  protected:
-    // Functions 
-    void initperfvalues()
-    {
-      m_perfv.panel_size = 16;
-      m_perfv.relax = 1; 
-      m_perfv.maxsuper = 128; 
-      m_perfv.rowblk = 16; 
-      m_perfv.colblk = 8; 
-      m_perfv.fillfactor = 20;  
-    }
-      
-    // Variables 
-    mutable ComputationInfo m_info;
-    bool m_factorizationIsOk;
-    bool m_analysisIsOk;
-    std::string m_lastError;
-    NCMatrix m_mat; // The input (permuted ) matrix 
-    SCMatrix m_Lstore; // The lower triangular matrix (supernodal)
-    MappedSparseMatrix<Scalar,ColMajor,StorageIndex> m_Ustore; // The upper triangular matrix
-    PermutationType m_perm_c; // Column permutation 
-    PermutationType m_perm_r ; // Row permutation
-    IndexVector m_etree; // Column elimination tree 
-    
-    typename Base::GlobalLU_t m_glu; 
-                               
-    // SparseLU options 
-    bool m_symmetricmode;
-    // values for performance 
-    internal::perfvalues m_perfv;
-    RealScalar m_diagpivotthresh; // Specifies the threshold used for a diagonal entry to be an acceptable pivot
-    Index m_nnzL, m_nnzU; // Nonzeros in L and U factors
-    Index m_detPermR, m_detPermC; // Determinants of the permutation matrices
-  private:
-    // Disable copy constructor 
-    SparseLU (const SparseLU& );
-  
-}; // End class SparseLU
+  /** \brief Give the number of non zero in matrix L.
+   */
+  Index nnzL() const { return m_nnzL; }
+  /** \brief Give the number of non zero in matrix U.
+   */
+  Index nnzU() const { return m_nnzU; }
+
+ protected:
+  // Functions
+  void initperfvalues() {
+    m_perfv.panel_size = 16;
+    m_perfv.relax = 1;
+    m_perfv.maxsuper = 128;
+    m_perfv.rowblk = 16;
+    m_perfv.colblk = 8;
+    m_perfv.fillfactor = 20;
+  }
 
+  // Variables
+  mutable ComputationInfo m_info;
+  bool m_factorizationIsOk;
+  bool m_analysisIsOk;
+  std::string m_lastError;
+  NCMatrix m_mat;                                              // The input (permuted ) matrix
+  SCMatrix m_Lstore;                                           // The lower triangular matrix (supernodal)
+  Map<SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex>> m_Ustore;  // The upper triangular matrix
+  PermutationType m_perm_c;                                    // Column permutation
+  PermutationType m_perm_r;                                    // Row permutation
+  IndexVector m_etree;                                         // Column elimination tree
 
+  typename Base::GlobalLU_t m_glu;
+
+  // SparseLU options
+  bool m_symmetricmode;
+  // values for performance
+  internal::perfvalues m_perfv;
+  RealScalar m_diagpivotthresh;  // Specifies the threshold used for a diagonal entry to be an acceptable pivot
+  Index m_nnzL, m_nnzU;          // Nonzeros in L and U factors
+  Index m_detPermR, m_detPermC;  // Determinants of the permutation matrices
+ private:
+  // Disable copy constructor
+  SparseLU(const SparseLU&);
+};  // End class SparseLU
 
 // Functions needed by the anaysis phase
-/** 
-  * Compute the column permutation to minimize the fill-in
-  * 
-  *  - Apply this permutation to the input matrix - 
-  * 
-  *  - Compute the column elimination tree on the permuted matrix 
-  * 
-  *  - Postorder the elimination tree and the column permutation
-  * 
-  */
+/** \brief Compute the column permutation.
+ *
+ * Compute the column permutation to minimize the fill-in
+ *
+ *  - Apply this permutation to the input matrix -
+ *
+ *  - Compute the column elimination tree on the permuted matrix
+ *
+ *  - Postorder the elimination tree and the column permutation
+ *
+ * It is possible to call compute() instead of analyzePattern() + factorize().
+ *
+ * If the matrix is row-major this function will do an heavy copy.
+ *
+ * \sa factorize(), compute()
+ */
 template <typename MatrixType, typename OrderingType>
-void SparseLU<MatrixType, OrderingType>::analyzePattern(const MatrixType& mat)
-{
-  
-  //TODO  It is possible as in SuperLU to compute row and columns scaling vectors to equilibrate the matrix mat.
-  
-  // Firstly, copy the whole input matrix. 
+void SparseLU<MatrixType, OrderingType>::analyzePattern(const MatrixType& mat) {
+  // TODO  It is possible as in SuperLU to compute row and columns scaling vectors to equilibrate the matrix mat.
+
+  // Firstly, copy the whole input matrix.
   m_mat = mat;
-  
+
   // Compute fill-in ordering
-  OrderingType ord; 
-  ord(m_mat,m_perm_c);
-  
+  OrderingType ord;
+  ord(m_mat, m_perm_c);
+
   // Apply the permutation to the column of the input  matrix
-  if (m_perm_c.size())
-  {
-    m_mat.uncompress(); //NOTE: The effect of this command is only to create the InnerNonzeros pointers. FIXME : This vector is filled but not subsequently used.  
+  if (m_perm_c.size()) {
+    m_mat.uncompress();  // NOTE: The effect of this command is only to create the InnerNonzeros pointers. FIXME : This
+                         // vector is filled but not subsequently used.
     // Then, permute only the column pointers
-    ei_declare_aligned_stack_constructed_variable(StorageIndex,outerIndexPtr,mat.cols()+1,mat.isCompressed()?const_cast<StorageIndex*>(mat.outerIndexPtr()):0);
-    
-    // If the input matrix 'mat' is uncompressed, then the outer-indices do not match the ones of m_mat, and a copy is thus needed.
-    if(!mat.isCompressed()) 
-      IndexVector::Map(outerIndexPtr, mat.cols()+1) = IndexVector::Map(m_mat.outerIndexPtr(),mat.cols()+1);
-    
+    ei_declare_aligned_stack_constructed_variable(
+        StorageIndex, outerIndexPtr, mat.cols() + 1,
+        mat.isCompressed() ? const_cast<StorageIndex*>(mat.outerIndexPtr()) : 0);
+
+    // If the input matrix 'mat' is uncompressed, then the outer-indices do not match the ones of m_mat, and a copy is
+    // thus needed.
+    if (!mat.isCompressed())
+      IndexVector::Map(outerIndexPtr, mat.cols() + 1) = IndexVector::Map(m_mat.outerIndexPtr(), mat.cols() + 1);
+
     // Apply the permutation and compute the nnz per column.
-    for (Index i = 0; i < mat.cols(); i++)
-    {
+    for (Index i = 0; i < mat.cols(); i++) {
       m_mat.outerIndexPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i];
-      m_mat.innerNonZeroPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i+1] - outerIndexPtr[i];
+      m_mat.innerNonZeroPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i + 1] - outerIndexPtr[i];
     }
   }
-  
-  // Compute the column elimination tree of the permuted matrix 
+
+  // Compute the column elimination tree of the permuted matrix
   IndexVector firstRowElt;
-  internal::coletree(m_mat, m_etree,firstRowElt); 
-     
+  internal::coletree(m_mat, m_etree, firstRowElt);
+
   // In symmetric mode, do not do postorder here
   if (!m_symmetricmode) {
-    IndexVector post, iwork; 
+    IndexVector post, iwork;
     // Post order etree
-    internal::treePostorder(StorageIndex(m_mat.cols()), m_etree, post); 
-      
-   
-    // Renumber etree in postorder 
-    Index m = m_mat.cols(); 
-    iwork.resize(m+1);
+    internal::treePostorder(StorageIndex(m_mat.cols()), m_etree, post);
+
+    // Renumber etree in postorder
+    Index m = m_mat.cols();
+    iwork.resize(m + 1);
     for (Index i = 0; i < m; ++i) iwork(post(i)) = post(m_etree(i));
     m_etree = iwork;
-    
+
     // Postmultiply A*Pc by post, i.e reorder the matrix according to the postorder of the etree
-    PermutationType post_perm(m); 
-    for (Index i = 0; i < m; i++) 
-      post_perm.indices()(i) = post(i); 
-        
+    PermutationType post_perm(m);
+    for (Index i = 0; i < m; i++) post_perm.indices()(i) = post(i);
+
     // Combine the two permutations : postorder the permutation for future use
-    if(m_perm_c.size()) {
+    if (m_perm_c.size()) {
       m_perm_c = post_perm * m_perm_c;
     }
-    
-  } // end postordering 
-  
-  m_analysisIsOk = true; 
+
+  }  // end postordering
+
+  m_analysisIsOk = true;
 }
 
 // Functions needed by the numerical factorization phase
 
-
-/** 
-  *  - Numerical factorization 
-  *  - Interleaved with the symbolic factorization 
-  * On exit,  info is 
-  * 
-  *    = 0: successful factorization
-  * 
-  *    > 0: if info = i, and i is
-  * 
-  *       <= A->ncol: U(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization has
-  *          been completed, but the factor U is exactly singular,
-  *          and division by zero will occur if it is used to solve a
-  *          system of equations.
-  * 
-  *       > A->ncol: number of bytes allocated when memory allocation
-  *         failure occurred, plus A->ncol. If lwork = -1, it is
-  *         the estimated amount of space needed, plus A->ncol.  
-  */
+/** \brief Factorize the matrix to get the solver ready.
+ *
+ *  - Numerical factorization
+ *  - Interleaved with the symbolic factorization
+ *
+ * To get error of this function you should check info(), you can get more info of
+ * errors with lastErrorMessage().
+ *
+ * In the past (before 2012 (git history is not older)), this function was returning an integer.
+ * This exit was 0 if successful factorization.
+ * > 0 if info = i, and i is been completed, but the factor U is exactly singular,
+ * and division by zero will occur if it is used to solve a system of equation.
+ * > A->ncol: number of bytes allocated when memory allocation failure occurred, plus A->ncol.
+ * If lwork = -1, it is the estimated amount of space needed, plus A->ncol.
+ *
+ * It seems that A was the name of the matrix in the past.
+ *
+ * \sa analyzePattern(), compute(), SparseLU(), info(), lastErrorMessage()
+ */
 template <typename MatrixType, typename OrderingType>
-void SparseLU<MatrixType, OrderingType>::factorize(const MatrixType& matrix)
-{
+void SparseLU<MatrixType, OrderingType>::factorize(const MatrixType& matrix) {
   using internal::emptyIdxLU;
-  eigen_assert(m_analysisIsOk && "analyzePattern() should be called first"); 
+  eigen_assert(m_analysisIsOk && "analyzePattern() should be called first");
   eigen_assert((matrix.rows() == matrix.cols()) && "Only for squared matrices");
-  
+
   m_isInitialized = true;
-  
-  
+
   // Apply the column permutation computed in analyzepattern()
-  //   m_mat = matrix * m_perm_c.inverse(); 
+  //   m_mat = matrix * m_perm_c.inverse();
   m_mat = matrix;
-  if (m_perm_c.size()) 
-  {
-    m_mat.uncompress(); //NOTE: The effect of this command is only to create the InnerNonzeros pointers.
-    //Then, permute only the column pointers
-    const StorageIndex * outerIndexPtr;
-    if (matrix.isCompressed()) outerIndexPtr = matrix.outerIndexPtr();
-    else
-    {
-      StorageIndex* outerIndexPtr_t = new StorageIndex[matrix.cols()+1];
-      for(Index i = 0; i <= matrix.cols(); i++) outerIndexPtr_t[i] = m_mat.outerIndexPtr()[i];
+  if (m_perm_c.size()) {
+    m_mat.uncompress();  // NOTE: The effect of this command is only to create the InnerNonzeros pointers.
+    // Then, permute only the column pointers
+    const StorageIndex* outerIndexPtr;
+    if (matrix.isCompressed())
+      outerIndexPtr = matrix.outerIndexPtr();
+    else {
+      StorageIndex* outerIndexPtr_t = new StorageIndex[matrix.cols() + 1];
+      for (Index i = 0; i <= matrix.cols(); i++) outerIndexPtr_t[i] = m_mat.outerIndexPtr()[i];
       outerIndexPtr = outerIndexPtr_t;
     }
-    for (Index i = 0; i < matrix.cols(); i++)
-    {
+    for (Index i = 0; i < matrix.cols(); i++) {
       m_mat.outerIndexPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i];
-      m_mat.innerNonZeroPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i+1] - outerIndexPtr[i];
+      m_mat.innerNonZeroPtr()[m_perm_c.indices()(i)] = outerIndexPtr[i + 1] - outerIndexPtr[i];
     }
-    if(!matrix.isCompressed()) delete[] outerIndexPtr;
-  } 
-  else 
-  { //FIXME This should not be needed if the empty permutation is handled transparently
+    if (!matrix.isCompressed()) delete[] outerIndexPtr;
+  } else {  // FIXME This should not be needed if the empty permutation is handled transparently
     m_perm_c.resize(matrix.cols());
-    for(StorageIndex i = 0; i < matrix.cols(); ++i) m_perm_c.indices()(i) = i;
+    for (StorageIndex i = 0; i < matrix.cols(); ++i) m_perm_c.indices()(i) = i;
   }
-  
+
   Index m = m_mat.rows();
   Index n = m_mat.cols();
   Index nnz = m_mat.nonZeros();
   Index maxpanel = m_perfv.panel_size * m;
   // Allocate working storage common to the factor routines
   Index lwork = 0;
-  Index info = Base::memInit(m, n, nnz, lwork, m_perfv.fillfactor, m_perfv.panel_size, m_glu); 
-  if (info) 
-  {
-    m_lastError = "UNABLE TO ALLOCATE WORKING MEMORY\n\n" ;
+  // Return the size of actually allocated memory when allocation failed,
+  // and 0 on success.
+  Index info = Base::memInit(m, n, nnz, lwork, m_perfv.fillfactor, m_perfv.panel_size, m_glu);
+  if (info) {
+    m_lastError = "UNABLE TO ALLOCATE WORKING MEMORY\n\n";
     m_factorizationIsOk = false;
-    return ; 
+    return;
   }
-  
-  // Set up pointers for integer working arrays 
-  IndexVector segrep(m); segrep.setZero();
-  IndexVector parent(m); parent.setZero();
-  IndexVector xplore(m); xplore.setZero();
+
+  // Set up pointers for integer working arrays
+  IndexVector segrep(m);
+  segrep.setZero();
+  IndexVector parent(m);
+  parent.setZero();
+  IndexVector xplore(m);
+  xplore.setZero();
   IndexVector repfnz(maxpanel);
   IndexVector panel_lsub(maxpanel);
-  IndexVector xprune(n); xprune.setZero();
-  IndexVector marker(m*internal::LUNoMarker); marker.setZero();
-  
-  repfnz.setConstant(-1); 
+  IndexVector xprune(n);
+  xprune.setZero();
+  IndexVector marker(m * internal::LUNoMarker);
+  marker.setZero();
+
+  repfnz.setConstant(-1);
   panel_lsub.setConstant(-1);
-  
-  // Set up pointers for scalar working arrays 
-  ScalarVector dense; 
+
+  // Set up pointers for scalar working arrays
+  ScalarVector dense;
   dense.setZero(maxpanel);
-  ScalarVector tempv; 
-  tempv.setZero(internal::LUnumTempV(m, m_perfv.panel_size, m_perfv.maxsuper, /*m_perfv.rowblk*/m) );
-  
+  ScalarVector tempv;
+  tempv.setZero(internal::LUnumTempV(m, m_perfv.panel_size, m_perfv.maxsuper, /*m_perfv.rowblk*/ m));
+
   // Compute the inverse of perm_c
-  PermutationType iperm_c(m_perm_c.inverse()); 
-  
+  PermutationType iperm_c(m_perm_c.inverse());
+
   // Identify initial relaxed snodes
   IndexVector relax_end(n);
-  if ( m_symmetricmode == true ) 
+  if (m_symmetricmode == true)
     Base::heap_relax_snode(n, m_etree, m_perfv.relax, marker, relax_end);
   else
     Base::relax_snode(n, m_etree, m_perfv.relax, marker, relax_end);
-  
-  
-  m_perm_r.resize(m); 
+
+  m_perm_r.resize(m);
   m_perm_r.indices().setConstant(-1);
   marker.setConstant(-1);
-  m_detPermR = 1; // Record the determinant of the row permutation
-  
-  m_glu.supno(0) = emptyIdxLU; m_glu.xsup.setConstant(0);
+  m_detPermR = 1;  // Record the determinant of the row permutation
+
+  m_glu.supno(0) = emptyIdxLU;
+  m_glu.xsup.setConstant(0);
   m_glu.xsup(0) = m_glu.xlsub(0) = m_glu.xusub(0) = m_glu.xlusup(0) = Index(0);
-  
+
   // Work on one 'panel' at a time. A panel is one of the following :
   //  (a) a relaxed supernode at the bottom of the etree, or
   //  (b) panel_size contiguous columns, <panel_size> defined by the user
-  Index jcol; 
-  IndexVector panel_histo(n);
-  Index pivrow; // Pivotal row number in the original row matrix
-  Index nseg1; // Number of segments in U-column above panel row jcol
-  Index nseg; // Number of segments in each U-column 
-  Index irep; 
-  Index i, k, jj; 
-  for (jcol = 0; jcol < n; )
-  {
-    // Adjust panel size so that a panel won't overlap with the next relaxed snode. 
-    Index panel_size = m_perfv.panel_size; // upper bound on panel width
-    for (k = jcol + 1; k < (std::min)(jcol+panel_size, n); k++)
-    {
-      if (relax_end(k) != emptyIdxLU) 
-      {
-        panel_size = k - jcol; 
-        break; 
+  Index jcol;
+  Index pivrow;  // Pivotal row number in the original row matrix
+  Index nseg1;   // Number of segments in U-column above panel row jcol
+  Index nseg;    // Number of segments in each U-column
+  Index irep;
+  Index i, k, jj;
+  for (jcol = 0; jcol < n;) {
+    // Adjust panel size so that a panel won't overlap with the next relaxed snode.
+    Index panel_size = m_perfv.panel_size;  // upper bound on panel width
+    for (k = jcol + 1; k < (std::min)(jcol + panel_size, n); k++) {
+      if (relax_end(k) != emptyIdxLU) {
+        panel_size = k - jcol;
+        break;
       }
     }
-    if (k == n) 
-      panel_size = n - jcol; 
-      
-    // Symbolic outer factorization on a panel of columns 
-    Base::panel_dfs(m, panel_size, jcol, m_mat, m_perm_r.indices(), nseg1, dense, panel_lsub, segrep, repfnz, xprune, marker, parent, xplore, m_glu); 
-    
-    // Numeric sup-panel updates in topological order 
-    Base::panel_bmod(m, panel_size, jcol, nseg1, dense, tempv, segrep, repfnz, m_glu); 
-    
-    // Sparse LU within the panel, and below the panel diagonal 
-    for ( jj = jcol; jj< jcol + panel_size; jj++) 
-    {
-      k = (jj - jcol) * m; // Column index for w-wide arrays 
-      
-      nseg = nseg1; // begin after all the panel segments
-      //Depth-first-search for the current column
+    if (k == n) panel_size = n - jcol;
+
+    // Symbolic outer factorization on a panel of columns
+    Base::panel_dfs(m, panel_size, jcol, m_mat, m_perm_r.indices(), nseg1, dense, panel_lsub, segrep, repfnz, xprune,
+                    marker, parent, xplore, m_glu);
+
+    // Numeric sup-panel updates in topological order
+    Base::panel_bmod(m, panel_size, jcol, nseg1, dense, tempv, segrep, repfnz, m_glu);
+
+    // Sparse LU within the panel, and below the panel diagonal
+    for (jj = jcol; jj < jcol + panel_size; jj++) {
+      k = (jj - jcol) * m;  // Column index for w-wide arrays
+
+      nseg = nseg1;  // begin after all the panel segments
+      // Depth-first-search for the current column
       VectorBlock<IndexVector> panel_lsubk(panel_lsub, k, m);
-      VectorBlock<IndexVector> repfnz_k(repfnz, k, m); 
-      info = Base::column_dfs(m, jj, m_perm_r.indices(), m_perfv.maxsuper, nseg, panel_lsubk, segrep, repfnz_k, xprune, marker, parent, xplore, m_glu); 
-      if ( info ) 
-      {
-        m_lastError =  "UNABLE TO EXPAND MEMORY IN COLUMN_DFS() ";
-        m_info = NumericalIssue; 
-        m_factorizationIsOk = false; 
-        return; 
+      VectorBlock<IndexVector> repfnz_k(repfnz, k, m);
+      // Return 0 on success and > 0 number of bytes allocated when run out of space.
+      info = Base::column_dfs(m, jj, m_perm_r.indices(), m_perfv.maxsuper, nseg, panel_lsubk, segrep, repfnz_k, xprune,
+                              marker, parent, xplore, m_glu);
+      if (info) {
+        m_lastError = "UNABLE TO EXPAND MEMORY IN COLUMN_DFS() ";
+        m_info = NumericalIssue;
+        m_factorizationIsOk = false;
+        return;
       }
-      // Numeric updates to this column 
-      VectorBlock<ScalarVector> dense_k(dense, k, m); 
-      VectorBlock<IndexVector> segrep_k(segrep, nseg1, m-nseg1); 
-      info = Base::column_bmod(jj, (nseg - nseg1), dense_k, tempv, segrep_k, repfnz_k, jcol, m_glu); 
-      if ( info ) 
-      {
+      // Numeric updates to this column
+      VectorBlock<ScalarVector> dense_k(dense, k, m);
+      VectorBlock<IndexVector> segrep_k(segrep, nseg1, m - nseg1);
+      // Return 0 on success and > 0 number of bytes allocated when run out of space.
+      info = Base::column_bmod(jj, (nseg - nseg1), dense_k, tempv, segrep_k, repfnz_k, jcol, m_glu);
+      if (info) {
         m_lastError = "UNABLE TO EXPAND MEMORY IN COLUMN_BMOD() ";
-        m_info = NumericalIssue; 
-        m_factorizationIsOk = false; 
-        return; 
+        m_info = NumericalIssue;
+        m_factorizationIsOk = false;
+        return;
       }
-      
+
       // Copy the U-segments to ucol(*)
-      info = Base::copy_to_ucol(jj, nseg, segrep, repfnz_k ,m_perm_r.indices(), dense_k, m_glu); 
-      if ( info ) 
-      {
+      // Return 0 on success and > 0 number of bytes allocated when run out of space.
+      info = Base::copy_to_ucol(jj, nseg, segrep, repfnz_k, m_perm_r.indices(), dense_k, m_glu);
+      if (info) {
         m_lastError = "UNABLE TO EXPAND MEMORY IN COPY_TO_UCOL() ";
-        m_info = NumericalIssue; 
-        m_factorizationIsOk = false; 
-        return; 
+        m_info = NumericalIssue;
+        m_factorizationIsOk = false;
+        return;
       }
-      
-      // Form the L-segment 
+
+      // Form the L-segment
+      // Return O if success, i > 0 if U(i, i) is exactly zero.
       info = Base::pivotL(jj, m_diagpivotthresh, m_perm_r.indices(), iperm_c.indices(), pivrow, m_glu);
-      if ( info ) 
-      {
-        m_lastError = "THE MATRIX IS STRUCTURALLY SINGULAR ... ZERO COLUMN AT ";
+      if (info) {
+        m_lastError = "THE MATRIX IS STRUCTURALLY SINGULAR";
+#ifndef EIGEN_NO_IO
         std::ostringstream returnInfo;
-        returnInfo << info; 
+        returnInfo << " ... ZERO COLUMN AT ";
+        returnInfo << info;
         m_lastError += returnInfo.str();
-        m_info = NumericalIssue; 
-        m_factorizationIsOk = false; 
-        return; 
+#endif
+        m_info = NumericalIssue;
+        m_factorizationIsOk = false;
+        return;
       }
-      
+
       // Update the determinant of the row permutation matrix
-      // FIXME: the following test is not correct, we should probably take iperm_c into account and pivrow is not directly the row pivot.
+      // FIXME: the following test is not correct, we should probably take iperm_c into account and pivrow is not
+      // directly the row pivot.
       if (pivrow != jj) m_detPermR = -m_detPermR;
 
       // Prune columns (0:jj-1) using column jj
-      Base::pruneL(jj, m_perm_r.indices(), pivrow, nseg, segrep, repfnz_k, xprune, m_glu); 
-      
-      // Reset repfnz for this column 
-      for (i = 0; i < nseg; i++)
-      {
-        irep = segrep(i); 
-        repfnz_k(irep) = emptyIdxLU; 
+      Base::pruneL(jj, m_perm_r.indices(), pivrow, nseg, segrep, repfnz_k, xprune, m_glu);
+
+      // Reset repfnz for this column
+      for (i = 0; i < nseg; i++) {
+        irep = segrep(i);
+        repfnz_k(irep) = emptyIdxLU;
       }
-    } // end SparseLU within the panel  
+    }                    // end SparseLU within the panel
     jcol += panel_size;  // Move to the next panel
-  } // end for -- end elimination 
-  
+  }                      // end for -- end elimination
+
   m_detPermR = m_perm_r.determinant();
   m_detPermC = m_perm_c.determinant();
-  
-  // Count the number of nonzeros in factors 
-  Base::countnz(n, m_nnzL, m_nnzU, m_glu); 
-  // Apply permutation  to the L subscripts 
+
+  // Count the number of nonzeros in factors
+  Base::countnz(n, m_nnzL, m_nnzU, m_glu);
+  // Apply permutation  to the L subscripts
   Base::fixupL(n, m_perm_r.indices(), m_glu);
-  
-  // Create supernode matrix L 
-  m_Lstore.setInfos(m, n, m_glu.lusup, m_glu.xlusup, m_glu.lsub, m_glu.xlsub, m_glu.supno, m_glu.xsup); 
-  // Create the column major upper sparse matrix  U; 
-  new (&m_Ustore) MappedSparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex> ( m, n, m_nnzU, m_glu.xusub.data(), m_glu.usub.data(), m_glu.ucol.data() );
-  
+
+  // Create supernode matrix L
+  m_Lstore.setInfos(m, n, m_glu.lusup, m_glu.xlusup, m_glu.lsub, m_glu.xlsub, m_glu.supno, m_glu.xsup);
+  // Create the column major upper sparse matrix  U;
+  new (&m_Ustore) Map<SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, StorageIndex>>(m, n, m_nnzU, m_glu.xusub.data(), m_glu.usub.data(),
+                                                                    m_glu.ucol.data());
+
   m_info = Success;
   m_factorizationIsOk = true;
 }
 
-template<typename MappedSupernodalType>
-struct SparseLUMatrixLReturnType : internal::no_assignment_operator
-{
+template <typename MappedSupernodalType>
+struct SparseLUMatrixLReturnType : internal::no_assignment_operator {
   typedef typename MappedSupernodalType::Scalar Scalar;
-  explicit SparseLUMatrixLReturnType(const MappedSupernodalType& mapL) : m_mapL(mapL)
-  { }
-  Index rows() { return m_mapL.rows(); }
-  Index cols() { return m_mapL.cols(); }
-  template<typename Dest>
-  void solveInPlace( MatrixBase<Dest> &X) const
-  {
+  explicit SparseLUMatrixLReturnType(const MappedSupernodalType& mapL) : m_mapL(mapL) {}
+  Index rows() const { return m_mapL.rows(); }
+  Index cols() const { return m_mapL.cols(); }
+  template <typename Dest>
+  void solveInPlace(MatrixBase<Dest>& X) const {
     m_mapL.solveInPlace(X);
   }
+  template <bool Conjugate, typename Dest>
+  void solveTransposedInPlace(MatrixBase<Dest>& X) const {
+    m_mapL.template solveTransposedInPlace<Conjugate>(X);
+  }
+
+  SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, Index> toSparse() const {
+    ArrayXi colCount = ArrayXi::Ones(cols());
+    for (Index i = 0; i < cols(); i++) {
+      typename MappedSupernodalType::InnerIterator iter(m_mapL, i);
+      for (; iter; ++iter) {
+        if (iter.row() > iter.col()) {
+          colCount(iter.col())++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    SparseMatrix<Scalar, ColMajor, Index> sL(rows(), cols());
+    sL.reserve(colCount);
+    for (Index i = 0; i < cols(); i++) {
+      sL.insert(i, i) = 1.0;
+      typename MappedSupernodalType::InnerIterator iter(m_mapL, i);
+      for (; iter; ++iter) {
+        if (iter.row() > iter.col()) {
+          sL.insert(iter.row(), iter.col()) = iter.value();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    sL.makeCompressed();
+    return sL;
+  }
+
   const MappedSupernodalType& m_mapL;
 };
 
-template<typename MatrixLType, typename MatrixUType>
-struct SparseLUMatrixUReturnType : internal::no_assignment_operator
-{
+template <typename MatrixLType, typename MatrixUType>
+struct SparseLUMatrixUReturnType : internal::no_assignment_operator {
   typedef typename MatrixLType::Scalar Scalar;
-  SparseLUMatrixUReturnType(const MatrixLType& mapL, const MatrixUType& mapU)
-  : m_mapL(mapL),m_mapU(mapU)
-  { }
-  Index rows() { return m_mapL.rows(); }
-  Index cols() { return m_mapL.cols(); }
-
-  template<typename Dest>   void solveInPlace(MatrixBase<Dest> &X) const
-  {
+  SparseLUMatrixUReturnType(const MatrixLType& mapL, const MatrixUType& mapU) : m_mapL(mapL), m_mapU(mapU) {}
+  Index rows() const { return m_mapL.rows(); }
+  Index cols() const { return m_mapL.cols(); }
+
+  template <typename Dest>
+  void solveInPlace(MatrixBase<Dest>& X) const {
     Index nrhs = X.cols();
-    Index n    = X.rows();
     // Backward solve with U
-    for (Index k = m_mapL.nsuper(); k >= 0; k--)
-    {
+    for (Index k = m_mapL.nsuper(); k >= 0; k--) {
       Index fsupc = m_mapL.supToCol()[k];
-      Index lda = m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc+1] - m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc]; // leading dimension
-      Index nsupc = m_mapL.supToCol()[k+1] - fsupc;
+      Index lda = m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc + 1] - m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc];  // leading dimension
+      Index nsupc = m_mapL.supToCol()[k + 1] - fsupc;
       Index luptr = m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc];
 
-      if (nsupc == 1)
-      {
-        for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; j++)
-        {
+      if (nsupc == 1) {
+        for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; j++) {
           X(fsupc, j) /= m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr];
         }
-      }
-      else
-      {
-        Map<const Matrix<Scalar,Dynamic,Dynamic, ColMajor>, 0, OuterStride<> > A( &(m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr]), nsupc, nsupc, OuterStride<>(lda) );
-        Map< Matrix<Scalar,Dynamic,Dest::ColsAtCompileTime, ColMajor>, 0, OuterStride<> > U (&(X(fsupc,0)), nsupc, nrhs, OuterStride<>(n) );
+      } else {
+        // FIXME: the following lines should use Block expressions and not Map!
+        Map<const Matrix<Scalar, Dynamic, Dynamic, ColMajor>, 0, OuterStride<>> A(&(m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr]), nsupc,
+                                                                                  nsupc, OuterStride<>(lda));
+        typename Dest::RowsBlockXpr U = X.derived().middleRows(fsupc, nsupc);
         U = A.template triangularView<Upper>().solve(U);
       }
 
-      for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; ++j)
-      {
-        for (Index jcol = fsupc; jcol < fsupc + nsupc; jcol++)
-        {
+      for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; ++j) {
+        for (Index jcol = fsupc; jcol < fsupc + nsupc; jcol++) {
           typename MatrixUType::InnerIterator it(m_mapU, jcol);
-          for ( ; it; ++it)
-          {
+          for (; it; ++it) {
             Index irow = it.index();
             X(irow, j) -= X(jcol, j) * it.value();
           }
         }
       }
-    } // End For U-solve
+    }  // End For U-solve
   }
+
+  template <bool Conjugate, typename Dest>
+  void solveTransposedInPlace(MatrixBase<Dest>& X) const {
+    using numext::conj;
+    Index nrhs = X.cols();
+    // Forward solve with U
+    for (Index k = 0; k <= m_mapL.nsuper(); k++) {
+      Index fsupc = m_mapL.supToCol()[k];
+      Index lda = m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc + 1] - m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc];  // leading dimension
+      Index nsupc = m_mapL.supToCol()[k + 1] - fsupc;
+      Index luptr = m_mapL.colIndexPtr()[fsupc];
+
+      for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; ++j) {
+        for (Index jcol = fsupc; jcol < fsupc + nsupc; jcol++) {
+          typename MatrixUType::InnerIterator it(m_mapU, jcol);
+          for (; it; ++it) {
+            Index irow = it.index();
+            X(jcol, j) -= X(irow, j) * (Conjugate ? conj(it.value()) : it.value());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+      if (nsupc == 1) {
+        for (Index j = 0; j < nrhs; j++) {
+          X(fsupc, j) /= (Conjugate ? conj(m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr]) : m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr]);
+        }
+      } else {
+        Map<const Matrix<Scalar, Dynamic, Dynamic, ColMajor>, 0, OuterStride<>> A(&(m_mapL.valuePtr()[luptr]), nsupc,
+                                                                                  nsupc, OuterStride<>(lda));
+        typename Dest::RowsBlockXpr U = X.derived().middleRows(fsupc, nsupc);
+        if (Conjugate)
+          U = A.adjoint().template triangularView<Lower>().solve(U);
+        else
+          U = A.transpose().template triangularView<Lower>().solve(U);
+      }
+    }  // End For U-solve
+  }
+
+  SparseMatrix<Scalar, RowMajor, Index> toSparse() {
+    ArrayXi rowCount = ArrayXi::Zero(rows());
+    for (Index i = 0; i < cols(); i++) {
+      typename MatrixLType::InnerIterator iter(m_mapL, i);
+      for (; iter; ++iter) {
+        if (iter.row() <= iter.col()) {
+          rowCount(iter.row())++;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    SparseMatrix<Scalar, RowMajor, Index> sU(rows(), cols());
+    sU.reserve(rowCount);
+    for (Index i = 0; i < cols(); i++) {
+      typename MatrixLType::InnerIterator iter(m_mapL, i);
+      for (; iter; ++iter) {
+        if (iter.row() <= iter.col()) {
+          sU.insert(iter.row(), iter.col()) = iter.value();
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    sU.makeCompressed();
+    const SparseMatrix<Scalar, RowMajor, Index> u = m_mapU;  // convert to RowMajor
+    sU += u;
+    return sU;
+  }
+
   const MatrixLType& m_mapL;
   const MatrixUType& m_mapU;
 };
 
-} // End namespace Eigen 
+}  // End namespace Eigen
 
 #endif