@lightningjs/renderer 2.9.0-beta2 → 2.9.0-beta3

package/src/main-api/Renderer.ts

@@ -1,670 +1,693 @@
-/*
- * If not stated otherwise in this file or this component's LICENSE file the
- * following copyright and licenses apply:
- *
- * Copyright 2023 Comcast Cable Communications Management, LLC.
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License);
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars */
-import type { EffectMap, ShaderMap } from '../core/CoreShaderManager.js';
-import type { ExtractProps, TextureMap } from '../core/CoreTextureManager.js';
-import { EventEmitter } from '../common/EventEmitter.js';
-import { assertTruthy, isProductionEnvironment } from '../utils.js';
-import { Stage } from '../core/Stage.js';
-import { CoreNode, type CoreNodeProps } from '../core/CoreNode.js';
-import { type CoreTextNodeProps } from '../core/CoreTextNode.js';
-import type {
-  BaseShaderController,
-  ShaderController,
-} from './ShaderController.js';
-import type { INode, INodeProps, ITextNode, ITextNodeProps } from './INode.js';
-import type {
-  DynamicEffects,
-  DynamicShaderController,
-} from './DynamicShaderController.js';
-import type {
-  EffectDesc,
-  EffectDescUnion,
-} from '../core/renderers/webgl/shaders/effects/ShaderEffect.js';
-import type { TextureMemoryManagerSettings } from '../core/TextureMemoryManager.js';
-import type { CanvasTextRenderer } from '../core/text-rendering/renderers/CanvasTextRenderer.js';
-import type { SdfTextRenderer } from '../core/text-rendering/renderers/SdfTextRenderer/SdfTextRenderer.js';
-import type { WebGlCoreRenderer } from '../core/renderers/webgl/WebGlCoreRenderer.js';
-import type { CanvasCoreRenderer } from '../core/renderers/canvas/CanvasCoreRenderer.js';
-import type { Inspector } from './Inspector.js';
-
-/**
- * An immutable reference to a specific Shader type
- *
- * @remarks
- * See {@link ShaderRef} for more details.
- */
-export interface SpecificShaderRef<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap> {
-  readonly descType: 'shader';
-  readonly shType: ShType;
-  readonly props: ExtractProps<ShaderMap[ShType]>;
-}
-
-type MapShaderRefs<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap> =
-  ShType extends keyof ShaderMap ? SpecificShaderRef<ShType> : never;
-
-/**
- * An immutable reference to a Shader
- *
- * @remarks
- * This structure should only be created by the RendererMain's `createShader`
- * method. The structure is immutable and should not be modified once created.
- *
- * A `ShaderRef` exists in the Main API Space and is used to point to an actual
- * `Shader` instance in the Core API Space. The `ShaderRef` is used to
- * communicate with the Core API Space to create, load, and destroy the
- * `Shader` instance.
- *
- * This type is technically a discriminated union of all possible shader types.
- * If you'd like to represent a specific shader type, you can use the
- * `SpecificShaderRef` generic type.
- */
-export type ShaderRef = MapShaderRefs<keyof ShaderMap>;
-
-/**
- * Configuration settings for {@link RendererMain}
- */
-export interface RendererMainSettings {
-  /**
-   * Authored logical pixel width of the application
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `1920`
-   */
-  appWidth?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Authored logical pixel height of the application
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `1080`
-   */
-  appHeight?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Texture Memory Manager Settings
-   */
-  textureMemory?: Partial<TextureMemoryManagerSettings>;
-
-  /**
-   * Bounds margin to extend the boundary in which a Node is added as Quad.
-   */
-  boundsMargin?: number | [number, number, number, number];
-
-  /**
-   * Factor to convert app-authored logical coorindates to device logical coordinates
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * This value allows auto-scaling to support larger/small resolutions than the
-   * app was authored for.
-   *
-   * If the app was authored for 1920x1080 and this value is 2, the app's canvas
-   * will be rendered at 3840x2160 logical pixels.
-   *
-   * Likewise, if the app was authored for 1920x1080 and this value is 0.66667,
-   * the app's canvas will be rendered at 1280x720 logical pixels.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `1`
-   */
-  deviceLogicalPixelRatio?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Factor to convert device logical coordinates to device physical coordinates
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * This value allows auto-scaling to support devices with different pixel densities.
-   *
-   * This controls the number of physical pixels that are used to render each logical
-   * pixel. For example, if the device has a pixel density of 2, each logical pixel
-   * will be rendered using 2x2 physical pixels.
-   *
-   * By default, it will be set to `window.devicePixelRatio` which is the pixel
-   * density of the device the app is running on reported by the browser.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `window.devicePixelRatio`
-   */
-  devicePhysicalPixelRatio?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * RGBA encoded number of the background to use
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `0x00000000`
-   */
-  clearColor?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Interval in milliseconds to receive FPS updates
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * If set to `0`, FPS updates will be disabled.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `0` (disabled)
-   */
-  fpsUpdateInterval?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Include context call (i.e. WebGL) information in FPS updates
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * When enabled the number of calls to each context method over the
-   * `fpsUpdateInterval` will be included in the FPS update payload's
-   * `contextSpyData` property.
-   *
-   * Enabling the context spy has a serious impact on performance so only use it
-   * when you need to extract context call information.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `false` (disabled)
-   */
-  enableContextSpy?: boolean;
-
-  /**
-   * Number or Image Workers to use
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * On devices with multiple cores, this can be used to improve image loading
-   * as well as reduce the impact of image loading on the main thread.
-   * Set to 0 to disable image workers.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `2`
-   */
-  numImageWorkers?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * DOM Inspector
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * The inspector will replicate the state of the Nodes created
-   * in the renderer and allow inspection of the state of the nodes.
-   *
-   */
-  inspector?: typeof Inspector | false;
-
-  /**
-   * Renderer Engine
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * The renderer engine to use. Spawns a WebGL or Canvas renderer.
-   * WebGL is more performant and supports more features. Canvas is
-   * supported on most platforms.
-   *
-   * Note: When using CanvasCoreRenderer you can only use
-   * CanvasTextRenderer. The WebGLCoreRenderer supports
-   * both CanvasTextRenderer and SdfTextRenderer for Text Rendering.
-   *
-   */
-  renderEngine: typeof CanvasCoreRenderer | typeof WebGlCoreRenderer;
-
-  /**
-   * Quad buffer size in bytes
-   *
-   * @defaultValue 4 * 1024 * 1024
-   */
-  quadBufferSize?: number;
-
-  /**
-   * Font Engines
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * The font engines to use for text rendering. CanvasTextRenderer is supported
-   * on all platforms. SdfTextRenderer is a more performant renderer.
-   * When using `renderEngine=CanvasCoreRenderer` you can only use `CanvasTextRenderer`.
-   * The `renderEngine=WebGLCoreRenderer` supports both `CanvasTextRenderer` and `SdfTextRenderer`.
-   *
-   * This setting is used to enable tree shaking of unused font engines. Please
-   * import your font engine(s) as follows:
-   * ```
-   * import { CanvasTextRenderer } from '@lightning/renderer/canvas';
-   * import { SdfTextRenderer } from '@lightning/renderer/webgl';
-   * ```
-   *
-   * If both CanvasTextRenderer and SdfTextRenderer are provided, the first renderer
-   * provided will be asked first if it can render the font. If it cannot render the
-   * font, the next renderer will be asked. If no renderer can render the font, the
-   * text will not be rendered.
-   *
-   * **Note** that if you have fonts available in both engines the second font engine
-   * will not be used. This is because the first font engine will always be asked first.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue '[]'
-   *
-   *
-   */
-  fontEngines: (typeof SdfTextRenderer | typeof CanvasTextRenderer)[];
-
-  /**
-   * Force WebGL2
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * Force the renderer to use WebGL2. This can be used to force the renderer to
-   * use WebGL2 even if the browser supports WebGL1.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `false`
-   */
-  forceWebGL2?: boolean;
-
-  /**
-   * Enable strictBounds
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * Enable strict bounds for the renderer. This will ensure that the renderer
-   * will not render outside the bounds of the canvas.
-   *
-   * @defaultValue `true`
-   */
-  strictBounds?: boolean;
-}
-
-/**
- * The Renderer Main API
- *
- * @remarks
- * This is the primary class used to configure and operate the Renderer.
- *
- * It is used to create and destroy Nodes, as well as Texture and Shader
- * references.
- *
- * Example:
- * ```ts
- * import { RendererMain, MainCoreDriver } from '@lightningjs/renderer';
- *
- * // Initialize the Renderer
- * const renderer = new RendererMain(
- *   {
- *     appWidth: 1920,
- *     appHeight: 1080
- *   },
- *   'app',
- *   new MainCoreDriver(),
- * );
- * ```
- *
- * ## Events
- * - `fpsUpdate`
- *   - Emitted every `fpsUpdateInterval` milliseconds with the current FPS
- * - `frameTick`
- *   - Emitted every frame tick
- * - `idle`
- *   - Emitted when the renderer is idle (no changes to the scene
- *     graph/animations running)
- * - `criticalCleanup`
- *  - Emitted when the Texture Memory Manager Cleanup process is triggered
- *  - Payload: { memUsed: number, criticalThreshold: number }
- *    - `memUsed` - The amount of memory (in bytes) used by textures before the
- *       cleanup process
- *    - `criticalThreshold` - The critical threshold (in bytes)
- * - `criticalCleanupFailed`
- *   - Emitted when the Texture Memory Manager Cleanup process is unable to free
- *     up enough texture memory to reach below the critical threshold.
- *     This can happen when there is not enough non-renderable textures to
- *     free up.
- *   - Payload (object with keys):
- *     - `memUsed` - The amount of memory (in bytes) used by textures after
- *       the cleanup process
- *     - `criticalThreshold` - The critical threshold (in bytes)
- */
-export class RendererMain extends EventEmitter {
-  readonly root: INode<ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>>;
-  readonly canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
-  readonly settings: Readonly<Required<RendererMainSettings>>;
-  readonly stage: Stage;
-  private inspector: Inspector | null = null;
-
-  /**
-   * Constructs a new Renderer instance
-   *
-   * @param settings Renderer settings
-   * @param target Element ID or HTMLElement to insert the canvas into
-   * @param driver Core Driver to use
-   */
-  constructor(settings: RendererMainSettings, target: string | HTMLElement) {
-    super();
-    const resolvedTxSettings: TextureMemoryManagerSettings = {
-      criticalThreshold: settings.textureMemory?.criticalThreshold || 124e6,
-      targetThresholdLevel: settings.textureMemory?.targetThresholdLevel || 0.5,
-      cleanupInterval: settings.textureMemory?.cleanupInterval || 30000,
-      debugLogging: settings.textureMemory?.debugLogging || false,
-    };
-    const resolvedSettings: Required<RendererMainSettings> = {
-      appWidth: settings.appWidth || 1920,
-      appHeight: settings.appHeight || 1080,
-      textureMemory: resolvedTxSettings,
-      boundsMargin: settings.boundsMargin || 0,
-      deviceLogicalPixelRatio: settings.deviceLogicalPixelRatio || 1,
-      devicePhysicalPixelRatio:
-        settings.devicePhysicalPixelRatio || window.devicePixelRatio,
-      clearColor: settings.clearColor ?? 0x00000000,
-      fpsUpdateInterval: settings.fpsUpdateInterval || 0,
-      numImageWorkers:
-        settings.numImageWorkers !== undefined ? settings.numImageWorkers : 2,
-      enableContextSpy: settings.enableContextSpy ?? false,
-      forceWebGL2: settings.forceWebGL2 ?? false,
-      inspector: settings.inspector ?? false,
-      renderEngine: settings.renderEngine,
-      quadBufferSize: settings.quadBufferSize ?? 4 * 1024 * 1024,
-      fontEngines: settings.fontEngines,
-      strictBounds: settings.strictBounds ?? true,
-    };
-    this.settings = resolvedSettings;
-
-    const {
-      appWidth,
-      appHeight,
-      deviceLogicalPixelRatio,
-      devicePhysicalPixelRatio,
-      inspector,
-    } = resolvedSettings;
-
-    const deviceLogicalWidth = appWidth * deviceLogicalPixelRatio;
-    const deviceLogicalHeight = appHeight * deviceLogicalPixelRatio;
-
-    const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
-    this.canvas = canvas;
-    canvas.width = deviceLogicalWidth * devicePhysicalPixelRatio;
-    canvas.height = deviceLogicalHeight * devicePhysicalPixelRatio;
-
-    canvas.style.width = `${deviceLogicalWidth}px`;
-    canvas.style.height = `${deviceLogicalHeight}px`;
-
-    // Initialize the stage
-    this.stage = new Stage({
-      appWidth: this.settings.appWidth,
-      appHeight: this.settings.appHeight,
-      boundsMargin: this.settings.boundsMargin,
-      clearColor: this.settings.clearColor,
-      canvas: this.canvas,
-      deviceLogicalPixelRatio: this.settings.deviceLogicalPixelRatio,
-      devicePhysicalPixelRatio: this.settings.devicePhysicalPixelRatio,
-      enableContextSpy: this.settings.enableContextSpy,
-      forceWebGL2: this.settings.forceWebGL2,
-      fpsUpdateInterval: this.settings.fpsUpdateInterval,
-      numImageWorkers: this.settings.numImageWorkers,
-      renderEngine: this.settings.renderEngine,
-      textureMemory: resolvedTxSettings,
-      eventBus: this,
-      quadBufferSize: this.settings.quadBufferSize,
-      fontEngines: this.settings.fontEngines,
-      inspector: this.settings.inspector !== null,
-      strictBounds: this.settings.strictBounds,
-    });
-
-    // Extract the root node
-    this.root = this.stage.root as unknown as INode<
-      ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>
-    >;
-
-    // Get the target element and attach the canvas to it
-    let targetEl: HTMLElement | null;
-    if (typeof target === 'string') {
-      targetEl = document.getElementById(target);
-    } else {
-      targetEl = target;
-    }
-
-    if (!targetEl) {
-      throw new Error('Could not find target element');
-    }
-
-    targetEl.appendChild(canvas);
-
-    // Initialize inspector (if enabled)
-    if (inspector && !isProductionEnvironment()) {
-      this.inspector = new inspector(canvas, resolvedSettings);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a new scene graph node
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * A node is the main graphical building block of the Renderer scene graph. It
-   * can be a container for other nodes, or it can be a leaf node that renders a
-   * solid color, gradient, image, or specific texture, using a specific shader.
-   *
-   * To create a text node, see {@link createTextNode}.
-   *
-   * See {@link CoreNode} for more details.
-   *
-   * @param props
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createNode<
-    ShCtr extends BaseShaderController = ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>,
-  >(props: Partial<INodeProps<ShCtr>>): INode<ShCtr> {
-    const node = this.stage.createNode(props as Partial<CoreNodeProps>);
-
-    if (this.inspector) {
-      return this.inspector.createNode(node) as unknown as INode<ShCtr>;
-    }
-
-    // FIXME onDestroy event? node.once('beforeDestroy'
-    // FIXME onCreate event?
-    return node as unknown as INode<ShCtr>;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a new scene graph text node
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * A text node is the second graphical building block of the Renderer scene
-   * graph. It renders text using a specific text renderer that is automatically
-   * chosen based on the font requested and what type of fonts are installed
-   * into an app.
-   *
-   * See {@link ITextNode} for more details.
-   *
-   * @param props
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createTextNode(props: Partial<ITextNodeProps>): ITextNode {
-    const textNode = this.stage.createTextNode(props as CoreTextNodeProps);
-
-    if (this.inspector) {
-      return this.inspector.createTextNode(textNode);
-    }
-
-    return textNode as unknown as ITextNode;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Destroy a node
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * This method destroys a node
-   *
-   * @param node
-   * @returns
-   */
-  destroyNode(node: INode) {
-    if (this.inspector) {
-      this.inspector.destroyNode(node.id);
-    }
-
-    return node.destroy();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a new texture reference
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * This method creates a new reference to a texture. The texture is not
-   * loaded until it is used on a node.
-   *
-   * It can be assigned to a node's `texture` property, or it can be used
-   * when creating a SubTexture.
-   *
-   * @param textureType
-   * @param props
-   * @param options
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createTexture<TxType extends keyof TextureMap>(
-    textureType: TxType,
-    props: ExtractProps<TextureMap[TxType]>,
-  ): InstanceType<TextureMap[TxType]> {
-    return this.stage.txManager.loadTexture(textureType, props);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a new shader controller for a shader type
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * This method creates a new Shader Controller for a specific shader type.
-   *
-   * If the shader has not been loaded yet, it will be loaded. Otherwise, the
-   * existing shader will be reused.
-   *
-   * It can be assigned to a Node's `shader` property.
-   *
-   * @param shaderType
-   * @param props
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createShader<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap>(
-    shaderType: ShType,
-    props?: ExtractProps<ShaderMap[ShType]>,
-  ): ShaderController<ShType> {
-    return this.stage.shManager.loadShader(shaderType, props);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create a new Dynamic Shader controller
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * A Dynamic Shader is a shader that can be composed of an array of mulitple
-   * effects. Each effect can be animated or changed after creation (provided
-   * the effect is given a name).
-   *
-   * Example:
-   * ```ts
-   * renderer.createNode({
-   *   shader: renderer.createDynamicShader([
-   *     renderer.createEffect('radius', {
-   *       radius: 0
-   *     }, 'effect1'),
-   *     renderer.createEffect('border', {
-   *       color: 0xff00ffff,
-   *       width: 10,
-   *     }, 'effect2'),
-   *   ]),
-   * });
-   * ```
-   *
-   * @param effects
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createDynamicShader<
-    T extends DynamicEffects<[...{ name?: string; type: keyof EffectMap }[]]>,
-  >(effects: [...T]): DynamicShaderController<T> {
-    return this.stage.shManager.loadDynamicShader({
-      effects: effects as EffectDescUnion[],
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create an effect to be used in a Dynamic Shader
-   *
-   * @remark
-   * The {name} parameter is optional but required if you want to animate the effect
-   * or change the effect's properties after creation.
-   *
-   * See {@link createDynamicShader} for an example.
-   *
-   * @param type
-   * @param props
-   * @param name
-   * @returns
-   */
-  createEffect<
-    Type extends keyof EffectMap,
-    Name extends string | undefined = undefined,
-  >(
-    type: Type,
-    props: EffectDesc<{ name: Name; type: Type }>['props'],
-    name?: Name,
-  ): EffectDesc<{ name: Name; type: Type }> {
-    return {
-      name,
-      type,
-      props,
-    };
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Get a Node by its ID
-   *
-   * @param id
-   * @returns
-   */
-  getNodeById(id: number): CoreNode | null {
-    const root = this.stage?.root;
-    if (!root) {
-      return null;
-    }
-
-    const findNode = (node: CoreNode): CoreNode | null => {
-      if (node.id === id) {
-        return node;
-      }
-
-      for (const child of node.children) {
-        const found = findNode(child);
-        if (found) {
-          return found;
-        }
-      }
-
-      return null;
-    };
-
-    return findNode(root);
-  }
-
-  toggleFreeze() {
-    throw new Error('Not implemented');
-  }
-
-  advanceFrame() {
-    throw new Error('Not implemented');
-  }
-
-  getBufferInfo() {
-    return this.stage.renderer.getBufferInfo();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Re-render the current frame without advancing any running animations.
-   *
-   * @remarks
-   * Any state changes will be reflected in the re-rendered frame. Useful for
-   * debugging.
-   *
-   * May not do anything if the render loop is running on a separate worker.
-   */
-  rerender() {
-    throw new Error('Not implemented');
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Sets the clear color for the stage.
-   *
-   * @param color - The color to set as the clear color.
-   */
-  setClearColor(color: number) {
-    this.stage.setClearColor(color);
-  }
-}
+/*
+ * If not stated otherwise in this file or this component's LICENSE file the
+ * following copyright and licenses apply:
+ *
+ * Copyright 2023 Comcast Cable Communications Management, LLC.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License);
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars */
+import type { EffectMap, ShaderMap } from '../core/CoreShaderManager.js';
+import type { ExtractProps, TextureMap } from '../core/CoreTextureManager.js';
+import { EventEmitter } from '../common/EventEmitter.js';
+import { assertTruthy, isProductionEnvironment } from '../utils.js';
+import { Stage } from '../core/Stage.js';
+import { CoreNode, type CoreNodeProps } from '../core/CoreNode.js';
+import { type CoreTextNodeProps } from '../core/CoreTextNode.js';
+import type {
+  BaseShaderController,
+  ShaderController,
+} from './ShaderController.js';
+import type { INode, INodeProps, ITextNode, ITextNodeProps } from './INode.js';
+import type {
+  DynamicEffects,
+  DynamicShaderController,
+} from './DynamicShaderController.js';
+import type {
+  EffectDesc,
+  EffectDescUnion,
+} from '../core/renderers/webgl/shaders/effects/ShaderEffect.js';
+import type { TextureMemoryManagerSettings } from '../core/TextureMemoryManager.js';
+import type { CanvasTextRenderer } from '../core/text-rendering/renderers/CanvasTextRenderer.js';
+import type { SdfTextRenderer } from '../core/text-rendering/renderers/SdfTextRenderer/SdfTextRenderer.js';
+import type { WebGlCoreRenderer } from '../core/renderers/webgl/WebGlCoreRenderer.js';
+import type { CanvasCoreRenderer } from '../core/renderers/canvas/CanvasCoreRenderer.js';
+import type { Inspector } from './Inspector.js';
+
+/**
+ * An immutable reference to a specific Shader type
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * See {@link ShaderRef} for more details.
+ */
+export interface SpecificShaderRef<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap> {
+  readonly descType: 'shader';
+  readonly shType: ShType;
+  readonly props: ExtractProps<ShaderMap[ShType]>;
+}
+
+type MapShaderRefs<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap> =
+  ShType extends keyof ShaderMap ? SpecificShaderRef<ShType> : never;
+
+/**
+ * An immutable reference to a Shader
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * This structure should only be created by the RendererMain's `createShader`
+ * method. The structure is immutable and should not be modified once created.
+ *
+ * A `ShaderRef` exists in the Main API Space and is used to point to an actual
+ * `Shader` instance in the Core API Space. The `ShaderRef` is used to
+ * communicate with the Core API Space to create, load, and destroy the
+ * `Shader` instance.
+ *
+ * This type is technically a discriminated union of all possible shader types.
+ * If you'd like to represent a specific shader type, you can use the
+ * `SpecificShaderRef` generic type.
+ */
+export type ShaderRef = MapShaderRefs<keyof ShaderMap>;
+
+/**
+ * Configuration settings for {@link RendererMain}
+ */
+export interface RendererMainSettings {
+  /**
+   * Authored logical pixel width of the application
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `1920`
+   */
+  appWidth?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Authored logical pixel height of the application
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `1080`
+   */
+  appHeight?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Texture Memory Manager Settings
+   */
+  textureMemory?: Partial<TextureMemoryManagerSettings>;
+
+  /**
+   * Bounds margin to extend the boundary in which a Node is added as Quad.
+   */
+  boundsMargin?: number | [number, number, number, number];
+
+  /**
+   * Factor to convert app-authored logical coorindates to device logical coordinates
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This value allows auto-scaling to support larger/small resolutions than the
+   * app was authored for.
+   *
+   * If the app was authored for 1920x1080 and this value is 2, the app's canvas
+   * will be rendered at 3840x2160 logical pixels.
+   *
+   * Likewise, if the app was authored for 1920x1080 and this value is 0.66667,
+   * the app's canvas will be rendered at 1280x720 logical pixels.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `1`
+   */
+  deviceLogicalPixelRatio?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Factor to convert device logical coordinates to device physical coordinates
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This value allows auto-scaling to support devices with different pixel densities.
+   *
+   * This controls the number of physical pixels that are used to render each logical
+   * pixel. For example, if the device has a pixel density of 2, each logical pixel
+   * will be rendered using 2x2 physical pixels.
+   *
+   * By default, it will be set to `window.devicePixelRatio` which is the pixel
+   * density of the device the app is running on reported by the browser.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `window.devicePixelRatio`
+   */
+  devicePhysicalPixelRatio?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * RGBA encoded number of the background to use
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `0x00000000`
+   */
+  clearColor?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Interval in milliseconds to receive FPS updates
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * If set to `0`, FPS updates will be disabled.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `0` (disabled)
+   */
+  fpsUpdateInterval?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Include context call (i.e. WebGL) information in FPS updates
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * When enabled the number of calls to each context method over the
+   * `fpsUpdateInterval` will be included in the FPS update payload's
+   * `contextSpyData` property.
+   *
+   * Enabling the context spy has a serious impact on performance so only use it
+   * when you need to extract context call information.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `false` (disabled)
+   */
+  enableContextSpy?: boolean;
+
+  /**
+   * Number or Image Workers to use
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * On devices with multiple cores, this can be used to improve image loading
+   * as well as reduce the impact of image loading on the main thread.
+   * Set to 0 to disable image workers.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `2`
+   */
+  numImageWorkers?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * DOM Inspector
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * The inspector will replicate the state of the Nodes created
+   * in the renderer and allow inspection of the state of the nodes.
+   *
+   */
+  inspector?: typeof Inspector | false;
+
+  /**
+   * Renderer Engine
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * The renderer engine to use. Spawns a WebGL or Canvas renderer.
+   * WebGL is more performant and supports more features. Canvas is
+   * supported on most platforms.
+   *
+   * Note: When using CanvasCoreRenderer you can only use
+   * CanvasTextRenderer. The WebGLCoreRenderer supports
+   * both CanvasTextRenderer and SdfTextRenderer for Text Rendering.
+   *
+   */
+  renderEngine: typeof CanvasCoreRenderer | typeof WebGlCoreRenderer;
+
+  /**
+   * Quad buffer size in bytes
+   *
+   * @defaultValue 4 * 1024 * 1024
+   */
+  quadBufferSize?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Font Engines
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * The font engines to use for text rendering. CanvasTextRenderer is supported
+   * on all platforms. SdfTextRenderer is a more performant renderer.
+   * When using `renderEngine=CanvasCoreRenderer` you can only use `CanvasTextRenderer`.
+   * The `renderEngine=WebGLCoreRenderer` supports both `CanvasTextRenderer` and `SdfTextRenderer`.
+   *
+   * This setting is used to enable tree shaking of unused font engines. Please
+   * import your font engine(s) as follows:
+   * ```
+   * import { CanvasTextRenderer } from '@lightning/renderer/canvas';
+   * import { SdfTextRenderer } from '@lightning/renderer/webgl';
+   * ```
+   *
+   * If both CanvasTextRenderer and SdfTextRenderer are provided, the first renderer
+   * provided will be asked first if it can render the font. If it cannot render the
+   * font, the next renderer will be asked. If no renderer can render the font, the
+   * text will not be rendered.
+   *
+   * **Note** that if you have fonts available in both engines the second font engine
+   * will not be used. This is because the first font engine will always be asked first.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue '[]'
+   *
+   *
+   */
+  fontEngines: (typeof SdfTextRenderer | typeof CanvasTextRenderer)[];
+
+  /**
+   * Force WebGL2
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Force the renderer to use WebGL2. This can be used to force the renderer to
+   * use WebGL2 even if the browser supports WebGL1.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `false`
+   */
+  forceWebGL2?: boolean;
+
+  /**
+   * Enable strictBounds
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Enable strict bounds for the renderer. This will ensure that the renderer
+   * will not render outside the bounds of the canvas.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `true`
+   */
+  strictBounds?: boolean;
+
+  /**
+   * Texture Processing Limit
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * The maximum number of textures to process in a single frame. This is used to
+   * prevent the renderer from processing too many textures in a single frame.
+   *
+   * @defaultValue `0`
+   */
+  textureProcessingLimit?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Canvas object to use for rendering
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This is used to render the scene graph. If not provided, a new canvas
+   * element will be created and appended to the target element.
+   */
+  canvas?: HTMLCanvasElement;
+}
+
+/**
+ * The Renderer Main API
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * This is the primary class used to configure and operate the Renderer.
+ *
+ * It is used to create and destroy Nodes, as well as Texture and Shader
+ * references.
+ *
+ * Example:
+ * ```ts
+ * import { RendererMain, MainCoreDriver } from '@lightningjs/renderer';
+ *
+ * // Initialize the Renderer
+ * const renderer = new RendererMain(
+ *   {
+ *     appWidth: 1920,
+ *     appHeight: 1080
+ *   },
+ *   'app',
+ *   new MainCoreDriver(),
+ * );
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ## Events
+ * - `fpsUpdate`
+ *   - Emitted every `fpsUpdateInterval` milliseconds with the current FPS
+ * - `frameTick`
+ *   - Emitted every frame tick
+ * - `idle`
+ *   - Emitted when the renderer is idle (no changes to the scene
+ *     graph/animations running)
+ * - `criticalCleanup`
+ *  - Emitted when the Texture Memory Manager Cleanup process is triggered
+ *  - Payload: { memUsed: number, criticalThreshold: number }
+ *    - `memUsed` - The amount of memory (in bytes) used by textures before the
+ *       cleanup process
+ *    - `criticalThreshold` - The critical threshold (in bytes)
+ * - `criticalCleanupFailed`
+ *   - Emitted when the Texture Memory Manager Cleanup process is unable to free
+ *     up enough texture memory to reach below the critical threshold.
+ *     This can happen when there is not enough non-renderable textures to
+ *     free up.
+ *   - Payload (object with keys):
+ *     - `memUsed` - The amount of memory (in bytes) used by textures after
+ *       the cleanup process
+ *     - `criticalThreshold` - The critical threshold (in bytes)
+ */
+export class RendererMain extends EventEmitter {
+  readonly root: INode<ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>>;
+  readonly canvas: HTMLCanvasElement;
+  readonly settings: Readonly<Required<RendererMainSettings>>;
+  readonly stage: Stage;
+  private inspector: Inspector | null = null;
+
+  /**
+   * Constructs a new Renderer instance
+   *
+   * @param settings Renderer settings
+   * @param target Element ID or HTMLElement to insert the canvas into
+   * @param driver Core Driver to use
+   */
+  constructor(settings: RendererMainSettings, target: string | HTMLElement) {
+    super();
+    const resolvedTxSettings: TextureMemoryManagerSettings = {
+      criticalThreshold: settings.textureMemory?.criticalThreshold || 124e6,
+      targetThresholdLevel: settings.textureMemory?.targetThresholdLevel || 0.5,
+      cleanupInterval: settings.textureMemory?.cleanupInterval || 30000,
+      debugLogging: settings.textureMemory?.debugLogging || false,
+    };
+    const resolvedSettings: Required<RendererMainSettings> = {
+      appWidth: settings.appWidth || 1920,
+      appHeight: settings.appHeight || 1080,
+      textureMemory: resolvedTxSettings,
+      boundsMargin: settings.boundsMargin || 0,
+      deviceLogicalPixelRatio: settings.deviceLogicalPixelRatio || 1,
+      devicePhysicalPixelRatio:
+        settings.devicePhysicalPixelRatio || window.devicePixelRatio,
+      clearColor: settings.clearColor ?? 0x00000000,
+      fpsUpdateInterval: settings.fpsUpdateInterval || 0,
+      numImageWorkers:
+        settings.numImageWorkers !== undefined ? settings.numImageWorkers : 2,
+      enableContextSpy: settings.enableContextSpy ?? false,
+      forceWebGL2: settings.forceWebGL2 ?? false,
+      inspector: settings.inspector ?? false,
+      renderEngine: settings.renderEngine,
+      quadBufferSize: settings.quadBufferSize ?? 4 * 1024 * 1024,
+      fontEngines: settings.fontEngines,
+      strictBounds: settings.strictBounds ?? true,
+      textureProcessingLimit: settings.textureProcessingLimit || 0,
+      canvas: settings.canvas || document.createElement('canvas'),
+    };
+    this.settings = resolvedSettings;
+
+    const {
+      appWidth,
+      appHeight,
+      deviceLogicalPixelRatio,
+      devicePhysicalPixelRatio,
+      inspector,
+      canvas,
+    } = resolvedSettings;
+
+    const deviceLogicalWidth = appWidth * deviceLogicalPixelRatio;
+    const deviceLogicalHeight = appHeight * deviceLogicalPixelRatio;
+
+    this.canvas = canvas;
+    canvas.width = deviceLogicalWidth * devicePhysicalPixelRatio;
+    canvas.height = deviceLogicalHeight * devicePhysicalPixelRatio;
+
+    canvas.style.width = `${deviceLogicalWidth}px`;
+    canvas.style.height = `${deviceLogicalHeight}px`;
+
+    // Initialize the stage
+    this.stage = new Stage({
+      appWidth: this.settings.appWidth,
+      appHeight: this.settings.appHeight,
+      boundsMargin: this.settings.boundsMargin,
+      clearColor: this.settings.clearColor,
+      canvas: this.canvas,
+      deviceLogicalPixelRatio: this.settings.deviceLogicalPixelRatio,
+      devicePhysicalPixelRatio: this.settings.devicePhysicalPixelRatio,
+      enableContextSpy: this.settings.enableContextSpy,
+      forceWebGL2: this.settings.forceWebGL2,
+      fpsUpdateInterval: this.settings.fpsUpdateInterval,
+      numImageWorkers: this.settings.numImageWorkers,
+      renderEngine: this.settings.renderEngine,
+      textureMemory: resolvedTxSettings,
+      eventBus: this,
+      quadBufferSize: this.settings.quadBufferSize,
+      fontEngines: this.settings.fontEngines,
+      inspector: this.settings.inspector !== null,
+      strictBounds: this.settings.strictBounds,
+      textureProcessingLimit: this.settings.textureProcessingLimit,
+    });
+
+    // Extract the root node
+    this.root = this.stage.root as unknown as INode<
+      ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>
+    >;
+
+    // Get the target element and attach the canvas to it
+    let targetEl: HTMLElement | null;
+    if (typeof target === 'string') {
+      targetEl = document.getElementById(target);
+    } else {
+      targetEl = target;
+    }
+
+    if (!targetEl) {
+      throw new Error('Could not find target element');
+    }
+
+    targetEl.appendChild(canvas);
+
+    // Initialize inspector (if enabled)
+    if (inspector && !isProductionEnvironment()) {
+      this.inspector = new inspector(canvas, resolvedSettings);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new scene graph node
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * A node is the main graphical building block of the Renderer scene graph. It
+   * can be a container for other nodes, or it can be a leaf node that renders a
+   * solid color, gradient, image, or specific texture, using a specific shader.
+   *
+   * To create a text node, see {@link createTextNode}.
+   *
+   * See {@link CoreNode} for more details.
+   *
+   * @param props
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createNode<
+    ShCtr extends BaseShaderController = ShaderController<'DefaultShader'>,
+  >(props: Partial<INodeProps<ShCtr>>): INode<ShCtr> {
+    const node = this.stage.createNode(props as Partial<CoreNodeProps>);
+
+    if (this.inspector) {
+      return this.inspector.createNode(node) as unknown as INode<ShCtr>;
+    }
+
+    // FIXME onDestroy event? node.once('beforeDestroy'
+    // FIXME onCreate event?
+    return node as unknown as INode<ShCtr>;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new scene graph text node
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * A text node is the second graphical building block of the Renderer scene
+   * graph. It renders text using a specific text renderer that is automatically
+   * chosen based on the font requested and what type of fonts are installed
+   * into an app.
+   *
+   * See {@link ITextNode} for more details.
+   *
+   * @param props
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createTextNode(props: Partial<ITextNodeProps>): ITextNode {
+    const textNode = this.stage.createTextNode(props as CoreTextNodeProps);
+
+    if (this.inspector) {
+      return this.inspector.createTextNode(textNode);
+    }
+
+    return textNode as unknown as ITextNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Destroy a node
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This method destroys a node
+   *
+   * @param node
+   * @returns
+   */
+  destroyNode(node: INode) {
+    if (this.inspector) {
+      this.inspector.destroyNode(node.id);
+    }
+
+    return node.destroy();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new texture reference
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This method creates a new reference to a texture. The texture is not
+   * loaded until it is used on a node.
+   *
+   * It can be assigned to a node's `texture` property, or it can be used
+   * when creating a SubTexture.
+   *
+   * @param textureType
+   * @param props
+   * @param options
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createTexture<TxType extends keyof TextureMap>(
+    textureType: TxType,
+    props: ExtractProps<TextureMap[TxType]>,
+  ): InstanceType<TextureMap[TxType]> {
+    return this.stage.txManager.createTexture(textureType, props);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new shader controller for a shader type
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * This method creates a new Shader Controller for a specific shader type.
+   *
+   * If the shader has not been loaded yet, it will be loaded. Otherwise, the
+   * existing shader will be reused.
+   *
+   * It can be assigned to a Node's `shader` property.
+   *
+   * @param shaderType
+   * @param props
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createShader<ShType extends keyof ShaderMap>(
+    shaderType: ShType,
+    props?: ExtractProps<ShaderMap[ShType]>,
+  ): ShaderController<ShType> {
+    return this.stage.shManager.loadShader(shaderType, props);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a new Dynamic Shader controller
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * A Dynamic Shader is a shader that can be composed of an array of mulitple
+   * effects. Each effect can be animated or changed after creation (provided
+   * the effect is given a name).
+   *
+   * Example:
+   * ```ts
+   * renderer.createNode({
+   *   shader: renderer.createDynamicShader([
+   *     renderer.createEffect('radius', {
+   *       radius: 0
+   *     }, 'effect1'),
+   *     renderer.createEffect('border', {
+   *       color: 0xff00ffff,
+   *       width: 10,
+   *     }, 'effect2'),
+   *   ]),
+   * });
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param effects
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createDynamicShader<
+    T extends DynamicEffects<[...{ name?: string; type: keyof EffectMap }[]]>,
+  >(effects: [...T]): DynamicShaderController<T> {
+    return this.stage.shManager.loadDynamicShader({
+      effects: effects as EffectDescUnion[],
+    });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create an effect to be used in a Dynamic Shader
+   *
+   * @remark
+   * The {name} parameter is optional but required if you want to animate the effect
+   * or change the effect's properties after creation.
+   *
+   * See {@link createDynamicShader} for an example.
+   *
+   * @param type
+   * @param props
+   * @param name
+   * @returns
+   */
+  createEffect<
+    Type extends keyof EffectMap,
+    Name extends string | undefined = undefined,
+  >(
+    type: Type,
+    props: EffectDesc<{ name: Name; type: Type }>['props'],
+    name?: Name,
+  ): EffectDesc<{ name: Name; type: Type }> {
+    return {
+      name,
+      type,
+      props,
+    };
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get a Node by its ID
+   *
+   * @param id
+   * @returns
+   */
+  getNodeById(id: number): CoreNode | null {
+    const root = this.stage?.root;
+    if (!root) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    const findNode = (node: CoreNode): CoreNode | null => {
+      if (node.id === id) {
+        return node;
+      }
+
+      for (const child of node.children) {
+        const found = findNode(child);
+        if (found) {
+          return found;
+        }
+      }
+
+      return null;
+    };
+
+    return findNode(root);
+  }
+
+  toggleFreeze() {
+    throw new Error('Not implemented');
+  }
+
+  advanceFrame() {
+    throw new Error('Not implemented');
+  }
+
+  getBufferInfo() {
+    return this.stage.renderer.getBufferInfo();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Re-render the current frame without advancing any running animations.
+   *
+   * @remarks
+   * Any state changes will be reflected in the re-rendered frame. Useful for
+   * debugging.
+   *
+   * May not do anything if the render loop is running on a separate worker.
+   */
+  rerender() {
+    this.stage.requestRender();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the clear color for the stage.
+   *
+   * @param color - The color to set as the clear color.
+   */
+  setClearColor(color: number) {
+    this.stage.setClearColor(color);
+  }
+}