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@@ -58,7 +50,7 @@
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              accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
-        <li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="../../index.html">Groonga v7.1.0-73-g6d02cfa documentation</a> &#187;</li>
+        <li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="../../index.html">Groonga v9.0.2 documentation</a> &#187;</li>
           <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="../../reference.html" >7. Reference manual</a> &#187;</li>
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       </ul>
@@ -70,13 +62,13 @@
           <div class="body" role="main">
   <div class="section" id="column-create">
-<h1>7.3.11. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#column-create" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
+<h1>7.3.11. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#column-create" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
 <div class="section" id="summary">
 <h2>7.3.11.1. Summary<a class="headerlink" href="#summary" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> creates a new column in a table.</p>
+<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> creates a new column in a table.</p>
 <p>You need to create one or more columns to store multiple data in one
 record.</p>
-<p>Groonga provides an index as a column. It's different from other
+<p>Groonga provides an index as a column. It’s different from other
 systems. An index is just an index in other systems. Implementing an
 index as a column provides flexibility. For example, you can add
 metadata to each token.</p>
@@ -86,7 +78,7 @@ metadata to each token.</p>
 <h2>7.3.11.2. Syntax<a class="headerlink" href="#syntax" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 <p>This command takes many parameters.</p>
 <p>Most parameters are required:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create table
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create table
               name
               flags
               type
@@ -99,21 +91,22 @@ metadata to each token.</p>
 <p>This section describes about the followings:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector-weight"><span class="std std-ref">Create a weight vector column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-reference"><span class="std std-ref">Create a column that refers a table's record</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-multiple-columns"><span class="std std-ref">Create a multiple columns index column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-small"><span class="std std-ref">Create a small index column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-medium"><span class="std std-ref">Create a medium index column</span></a></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector-weight"><span class="std std-ref">Create a weight vector column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-reference"><span class="std std-ref">Create a column that refers a table’s record</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-multiple-columns"><span class="std std-ref">Create a multiple columns index column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-small"><span class="std std-ref">Create a small index column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-medium"><span class="std std-ref">Create a medium index column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-large"><span class="std std-ref">Create a large index column</span></a></p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
-<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table definition. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table is used
+<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table definition. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table is used
 in examples:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
   --name People \
   --flags TABLE_HASH_KEY \
   --key_type ShortText
@@ -126,14 +119,14 @@ in examples:</p>
 column should be used for storing age into a person record. Because a
 person record must have only one age.</p>
 <p>If you want to store multiple values into a record, scalar column
-isn't suitable. Use <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a> instead.</p>
-<p>You must specify <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter to
+isn’t suitable. Use <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a> instead.</p>
+<p>You must specify <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter to
 create a scalar column.</p>
-<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
-table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column is a scalar column. It can store one <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code>
-(<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0-255</span></code>) value as its value:</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
+table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column is a scalar column. It can store one <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code>
+(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0-255</span></code>) value as its value:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table People \
   --name age \
   --flags COLUMN_SCALAR \
@@ -141,19 +134,19 @@ table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can store one value (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">7</span></code>) by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc">load</span></a> command:</p>
+<p>You can store one value (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">7</span></code>) by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc">load</span></a> command:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table People
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table People
 [
 {&quot;_key&quot;: &quot;alice&quot;, &quot;age&quot;: 7}
 ]
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 1]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm the stored one value (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">7</span></code>) by the following
+<p>You can confirm the stored one value (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">7</span></code>) by the following
 <a class="reference internal" href="select.html"><span class="doc">select</span></a> command:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select --table People
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select --table People
 # [
 #   [
 #     0,
@@ -195,15 +188,15 @@ table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column
 <p>Groonga provides vector column to store multiple values. For example,
 vector column may be used for storing roles into a person
 record. Because a person record may have multiple roles.</p>
-<p>If you want to store only one value into a record, vector column isn't
+<p>If you want to store only one value into a record, vector column isn’t
 suitable. Use <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a> instead.</p>
-<p>You must specify <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter to
+<p>You must specify <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter to
 create a vector column.</p>
-<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
-table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column is a vector column. It can store zero or more
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code> values as its value:</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
+table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column is a vector column. It can store zero or more
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code> values as its value:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table People \
   --name roles \
   --flags COLUMN_VECTOR \
@@ -211,20 +204,20 @@ table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> colu
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can store multiple values (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[&quot;adventurer&quot;,</span> <span class="pre">&quot;younger-sister&quot;]</span></code>)
+<p>You can store multiple values (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[&quot;adventurer&quot;,</span> <span class="pre">&quot;younger-sister&quot;]</span></code>)
 by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc">load</span></a> command:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table People
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table People
 [
 {&quot;_key&quot;: &quot;alice&quot;, &quot;roles&quot;: [&quot;adventurer&quot;, &quot;younger-sister&quot;]}
 ]
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 1]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm the stored multiple values (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[&quot;adventurer&quot;,</span>
+<p>You can confirm the stored multiple values (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[&quot;adventurer&quot;,</span>
 <span class="pre">&quot;younger-sister&quot;]</span></code>) by the following <a class="reference internal" href="select.html"><span class="doc">select</span></a> command:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select --table People
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select --table People
 # [
 #   [
 #     0,
@@ -274,31 +267,31 @@ by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc
 <p>TODO: See also <a class="reference internal" href="../columns/vector.html#weight-vector-column"><span class="std std-ref">Weight vector column</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="select.html#select-adjuster"><span class="std std-ref">adjuster</span></a>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="create-a-column-that-refers-a-table-s-record">
-<span id="column-create-reference"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.4. Create a column that refers a table's record<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-column-that-refers-a-table-s-record" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<span id="column-create-reference"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.4. Create a column that refers a table’s record<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-column-that-refers-a-table-s-record" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>Both scalar column and vector column can store reference to record of
-an existing table as column value. It's useful to store relationship
+an existing table as column value. It’s useful to store relationship
 between records.</p>
 <p>For example, using a column that refers a person record is better for
 storing a character into a book record. Because one person may be
 appeared in some books.</p>
-<p>You must specify table name to be referenced to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter
-to create a column that refers a table's record.</p>
-<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Books</span></code>
-table. The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column refers the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. It can
-store one <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table's record.</p>
-<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Books</span></code> table definition:</p>
+<p>You must specify table name to be referenced to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter
+to create a column that refers a table’s record.</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Books</span></code>
+table. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column refers the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. It can
+store one <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table’s record.</p>
+<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Books</span></code> table definition:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
   --name Books \
   --flags TABLE_HASH_KEY \
   --key_type ShortText
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column definition in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Books</span></code>
-table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--type</span> <span class="pre">People</span></code> is important:</p>
+<p>Here is the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">character</span></code> column definition in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Books</span></code>
+table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--type</span> <span class="pre">People</span></code> is important:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table Books \
   --name character \
   --flags COLUMN_SCALAR \
@@ -306,22 +299,22 @@ table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--type</span> <span clas
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can store one reference (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;alice&quot;</span></code>) by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc">load</span></a>
-command. You can use key value (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> value) for referring a
+<p>You can store one reference (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&quot;alice&quot;</span></code>) by the following <a class="reference internal" href="load.html"><span class="doc">load</span></a>
+command. You can use key value (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> value) for referring a
 record:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table Books
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>load --table Books
 [
 {&quot;_key&quot;: &quot;Alice&#39;s Adventure in Wonderland&quot;, &quot;character&quot;: &quot;alice&quot;}
 ]
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], 1]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm the stored reference (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&quot;alice&quot;</span></code> record) by the
-following <a class="reference internal" href="select.html"><span class="doc">select</span></a> command. It retrieves the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column and
-the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column values:</p>
+<p>You can confirm the stored reference (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&quot;alice&quot;</span></code> record) by the
+following <a class="reference internal" href="select.html"><span class="doc">select</span></a> command. It retrieves the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column and
+the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column values:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>select \
  --table Books \
  --output_columns _key,character._key,character.age,character.roles
 # [
@@ -370,50 +363,50 @@ the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="create-an-index-column">
 <span id="column-create-index"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.5. Create an index column<a class="headerlink" href="#create-an-index-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
-<p>Groonga provides index column for fast search. It doesn't store your
+<p>Groonga provides index column for fast search. It doesn’t store your
 data. It stores data for fast search.</p>
-<p>You don't need to update index column by yourself. Index column is
+<p>You don’t need to update index column by yourself. Index column is
 updated automatically when you store data into a data column (scalar
 column or vector column) that is marked as index target column. You
 can set multiple columns as index target columns to one index column.</p>
-<p>If Groonga has an index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table, Groonga can do fast equal search, fast comparison
-search and fast range search against <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column values.</p>
+<p>If Groonga has an index column for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table, Groonga can do fast equal search, fast comparison
+search and fast range search against <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column values.</p>
 <p>You must specify the following parameters to create an index column:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter: <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code></li>
-<li>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter: The table name of index target column such
-as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code></li>
-<li>The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter: The index target column name such as
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code></li>
+<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code></p></li>
+<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter: The table name of index target column such
+as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code></p></li>
+<li><p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter: The index target column name such as
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code></p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
-<p>You don't need additional flags to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter for equal
+<p>You don’t need additional flags to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter for equal
 search, comparison search and range search index column. You need
-additional flags to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter for full text search index
+additional flags to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter for full text search index
 column or multiple column index column. See
 <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a> and
 <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-multiple-columns"><span class="std std-ref">Create a multiple columns index column</span></a> for details.</p>
-<p>Here is an example to create an index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of
-the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table.</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create an index column for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of
+the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table.</p>
 <p>First, you need to create a table for range index column. See
 <a class="reference internal" href="table_create.html#table-create-range-index-table"><span class="std std-ref">Create range index table</span></a> for details. This example
-creates the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ages</span></code> table as <a class="reference internal" href="../tables.html#table-pat-key"><span class="std std-ref">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></a>:</p>
+creates the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ages</span></code> table as <a class="reference internal" href="../tables.html#table-pat-key"><span class="std std-ref">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></a>:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
   --name Ages \
   --flags TABLE_PAT_KEY \
   --key_type UInt8
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>Now, you can create an index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter,
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code>
+<p>Now, you can create an index column for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column of the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter,
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code>
 parameter are important:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table Ages \
   --name people_age_index \
   --flags COLUMN_INDEX \
@@ -422,12 +415,12 @@ parameter are important:</p>
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span> <span class="pre">&gt;</span> <span class="pre">5</span></code> is evaluated by the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> newly created index column from log. Groonga
-reports used index columns in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></code> log level. You can change log
+<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span> <span class="pre">&gt;</span> <span class="pre">5</span></code> is evaluated by the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> newly created index column from log. Groonga
+reports used index columns in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">info</span></code> log level. You can change log
 level dynamically by <a class="reference internal" href="log_level.html"><span class="doc">log_level</span></a> command.</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 select \
   --table People \
@@ -473,35 +466,35 @@ select \
 #     ]
 #   ]
 # ]
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.060048|i| [table][select][index][range] &lt;Ages.people_age_index&gt;
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:32.349471|i| [table][select][index][range] &lt;Ages.people_age_index&gt;
 log_level --level notice
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> is used from the
+<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> is used from the
 following log:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[table][select][index][range] &lt;Ages.people_age_index&gt;
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[table][select][index][range] &lt;Ages.people_age_index&gt;
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> index column is used for range
+<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Ages.people_age_index</span></code> index column is used for range
 search.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="create-an-index-column-for-full-text-search">
 <span id="column-create-index-full-text-search"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.6. Create an index column for full text search<a class="headerlink" href="#create-an-index-column-for-full-text-search" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>There is a difference between for non full text search (equal search,
 comparison search or range search) index column and for full text
-search index column. You need to add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_POSITION</span></code> to the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It means that you need to specify
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It's the
+search index column. You need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_POSITION</span></code> to the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It means that you need to specify
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It’s the
 difference.</p>
 <p>Here is an example to create a full text search index column for the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table.</p>
+key of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table.</p>
 <p>First, you need to create a table for full text search index
 column. See <a class="reference internal" href="table_create.html#table-create-lexicon"><span class="std std-ref">Create lexicon</span></a> for details. This example
-creates the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms</span></code> table as <a class="reference internal" href="../tables.html#table-pat-key"><span class="std std-ref">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></a> with
-<a class="reference internal" href="../tokenizers.html#token-bigram"><span class="std std-ref">TokenBigram</span></a> tokenizer and <a class="reference internal" href="../normalizers.html#normalizer-auto"><span class="std std-ref">NormalizerAuto</span></a> normalizer:</p>
+creates the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Terms</span></code> table as <a class="reference internal" href="../tables.html#table-pat-key"><span class="std std-ref">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></a> with
+<a class="reference internal" href="../tokenizers/token_bigram.html#token-bigram"><span class="std std-ref">TokenBigram</span></a> tokenizer and <a class="reference internal" href="../normalizers/normalizer_auto.html#normalizer-auto"><span class="std std-ref">NormalizerAuto</span></a> normalizer:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
   --name Terms \
   --flags TABLE_PAT_KEY \
   --key_type ShortText \
@@ -510,32 +503,32 @@ creates the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms</span></code>
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>Now, you can create a full text search index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code>
-column of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION</span></code> in the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter are important:</p>
+<p>Now, you can create a full text search index column for the key of the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code>
+parameter, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_key</span></code> in the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter are important:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table Terms \
-  --name people_roles_index \
+  --name people_key_index \
   --flags COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION \
   --type People \
-  --source roles
+  --source _key
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span> <span class="pre">roles</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--query</span> <span class="pre">Sister</span></code>
-are evaluated by the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_roles_index</span></code> newly created full
+<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span> <span class="pre">_key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--query</span> <span class="pre">Alice</span></code>
+are evaluated by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Terms.people_key_index</span></code> newly created full
 text search index column from log. Groonga reports used index columns
-in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></code> log level. You can change log level dynamically by
+in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">info</span></code> log level. You can change log level dynamically by
 <a class="reference internal" href="log_level.html"><span class="doc">log_level</span></a> command.</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 select \
   --table People \
-  --match_columns roles \
-  --query Sister
+  --match_columns _key \
+  --query Alice
 # [
 #   [
 #     0,
@@ -577,23 +570,23 @@ select \
 #     ]
 #   ]
 # ]
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.734909|i| [object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_roles_index&gt;
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.734945|i| grn_ii_sel &gt; (Sister)
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.734968|i| n=1 (Sister)
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.735003|i| exact: 1
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:45.735009|i| hits=1
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.044069|i| [object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_key_index&gt;
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.044114|i| grn_ii_sel &gt; (Alice)
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.044226|i| n=1 (Alice)
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.044305|i| exact: 1
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.044318|i| hits=1
 log_level --level notice
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_roles_index</span></code> is used from the
+<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Terms.people_key_index</span></code> is used from the
 following log:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_roles_index&gt;
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_key_index&gt;
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_roles_index</span></code> index column is used for
-full text search. (To be precise, the index column is used for exact
-term search by inverted index.)</p>
+<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Terms.people_key_index</span></code> index column is used for full
+text search. (To be precise, the index column is used for exact term
+search by inverted index.)</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="create-a-multiple-columns-index-column">
 <span id="column-create-index-multiple-columns"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.7. Create a multiple columns index column<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-multiple-columns-index-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
@@ -604,58 +597,67 @@ single column index column only when multiple columns have many same
 tokens. Multiple columns index column may be slower than single column
 index column. Because multiple columns index column will be a bigger
 index column.</p>
-<p>You can't use multiples columns in different tables as index target
+<p>You can’t use multiples columns in different tables as index target
 columns in the same multiple columns index column. You must specify
 columns in the same tables as index target columns to one multiple
-columns index column. For example, you can't create a multiple columns
-index for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Books._key</span></code> because they are columns
+columns index column. For example, you can’t create a multiple columns
+index for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Books._key</span></code> because they are columns
 of different tables. You can create a multiple columns index column
-for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People.roles</span></code> because they are columns of
+for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People._key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People.roles</span></code> because they are columns of
 the same table.</p>
 <p>There is a difference between for single column index column and for
-multiple columns index column. You need to add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It means that you need to specify
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It's the
+multiple columns index column. You need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It means that you need to specify
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter. It’s the
 difference.</p>
 <p>If you want to create a multiple columns index column for full text
 search, you need to specify
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION|WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code>
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION|WITH_SECTION</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code>
 parameter. See <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a> for full
 text search index column details.</p>
-<p>Here is an example to create a multiple columns full text search index
-column for the key of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table and the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column of
-the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table.</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create a multiple columns index column for the
+key of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
+table.</p>
 <p>There is no difference between index table for single column index
-column and multiple columns index column. In this example, the
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms</span></code> table created at <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a>
-is used.</p>
-<p>You can create a multiple columns full text search index column for
-the key of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
-table. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION|WITH_SECTION</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code>
-parameter, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key,roles</span></code> in
-the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter are important:</p>
+column and multiple columns index column.</p>
+<p>In this example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Names</span></code> table is created for equal search and
+prefix search. It uses <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></code> because <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TABLE_PAT_KEY</span></code>
+supports prefix search. See <a class="reference internal" href="../tables.html"><span class="doc">Tables</span></a> for details.</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
-  --table Terms \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>table_create \
+  --name Names \
+  --flags TABLE_PAT_KEY \
+  --key_type ShortText \
+  --normalizer NormalizerAuto
+# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+<p>You can create a multiple columns index column for the key of the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">roles</span></code> column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
+table. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter,
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code> parameter and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_key,roles</span></code> in the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter are important:</p>
+<p>Execution example:</p>
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+  --table Names \
   --name people_key_roles_index \
-  --flags COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION|WITH_SECTION \
+  --flags COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION \
   --type People \
   --source _key,roles
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--match_columns</span> <span class="pre">_key</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">--query</span>
-<span class="pre">Alice</span></code> are evaluated by the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_key_roles_index</span></code> newly
-created multiple columns full text search index column from log. Groonga
-reports used index columns in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">info</span></code> log level. You can change log level
-dynamically by <a class="reference internal" href="log_level.html"><span class="doc">log_level</span></a> command.</p>
+<p>You can confirm that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--filter</span> <span class="pre">'roles</span> <span class="pre">&#64;^</span> <span class="pre">&quot;Younger&quot;</span></code> is evaluated by
+the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Names.people_key_roles_index</span></code> newly created multiple columns
+index column from log. Groonga reports used index columns in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">info</span></code>
+log level. You can change log level dynamically by <a class="reference internal" href="log_level.html"><span class="doc">log_level</span></a>
+command.</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>log_level --level info
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 select \
   --table People \
-  --match_columns _key,roles \
-  --query Alice
+  --filter &#39;roles @^ &quot;Younger&quot;&#39;
 # [
 #   [
 #     0,
@@ -697,85 +699,80 @@ select \
 #     ]
 #   ]
 # ]
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:46.542059|i| [object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_key_roles_index&gt;
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:46.542078|i| grn_ii_sel &gt; (Alice)
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:46.542094|i| n=1 (Alice)
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:46.542117|i| exact: 1
-# log: 2017-12-27 12:38:46.542121|i| hits=1
+# log: 2019-04-02 18:35:33.728665|i| [table][select][index][prefix] &lt;Names.people_key_roles_index&gt;
 log_level --level notice
 # [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_roles_index</span></code> is used from the
-following log:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[object][search][index][key][exact] &lt;Terms.people_key_roles_index&gt;
+<p>You can confirm that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Names.people_key_roles_index</span></code> is used from
+the following log:</p>
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[table][select][index][prefix] &lt;Names.people_key_roles_index&gt;
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Terms.people_roles_index</span></code> index column is used for
-full text search. (To be precise, the index column is used for exact
-term search by inverted index.)</p>
+<p>The log says <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Names.people_key_roles_index</span></code> index column is used for
+prefix search.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="create-a-small-index-column">
 <span id="column-create-index-small"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.8. Create a small index column<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-small-index-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>If you know index target data are small, you can reduce memory usage
-for the index column. Memory usage is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1/256</span></code> of the default index
+for the index column. Memory usage is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1/256</span></code> of the default index
 column.</p>
-<p>How many data are small? It depends on data. Small index column can't
+<p>How many data are small? It depends on data. Small index column can’t
 handle 1 billion records at least. If index target is only one
-scalar column with no text family type (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> or
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LongText</span></code>), the maximum handleable records are depends of the
+scalar column with no text family type (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> or
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LongText</span></code>), the maximum handleable records are depends of the
 number of kinds of index target data. If index target column has
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">3</span></code>, the number of kinds of them are <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">3</span></code>
-(<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">2</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">3</span></code>). The following table shows the
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3</span></code>, the number of kinds of them are <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3</span></code>
+(<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3</span></code>). The following table shows the
 relationship between the number of kinds of index target data and the
 number of handleable records:</p>
-<table border="1" class="docutils" id="id1">
+<table class="docutils align-center" id="id1">
 <caption><span class="caption-text">The number of kinds of index target data and the number of handleable records in a small index column</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this table">¶</a></caption>
 <colgroup>
-<col width="50%" />
-<col width="50%" />
+<col style="width: 50%" />
+<col style="width: 50%" />
 </colgroup>
-<thead valign="bottom">
-<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">The number of kinds of index target data</th>
-<th class="head">The number of hanleable records</th>
+<thead>
+<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>The number of kinds of index target data</p></th>
+<th class="head"><p>The number of hanleable records</p></th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
-<tbody valign="top">
-<tr class="row-even"><td>1</td>
-<td>16779234</td>
+<tbody>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p>1</p></td>
+<td><p>16779234</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td>2</td>
-<td>4648070</td>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>2</p></td>
+<td><p>4648070</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td>4</td>
-<td>7238996</td>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p>4</p></td>
+<td><p>7238996</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td>8</td>
-<td>8308622</td>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>8</p></td>
+<td><p>8308622</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td>16</td>
-<td>11068624</td>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p>16</p></td>
+<td><p>11068624</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td>32</td>
-<td>12670817</td>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>32</p></td>
+<td><p>12670817</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td>64</td>
-<td>18524211</td>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p>64</p></td>
+<td><p>18524211</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td>128</td>
-<td>38095511</td>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>128</p></td>
+<td><p>38095511</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td>256</td>
-<td>51265384</td>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p>256</p></td>
+<td><p>51265384</p></td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<p>You need to add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INDEX_SMALL</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter such as
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_SMALL</span></code> to create a small index column.</p>
-<p>If the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table has only 1 million records, you can use a
-small index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column:</p>
+<p>You need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_SMALL</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter such as
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_SMALL</span></code> to create a small index column.</p>
+<p>If the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table has only 1 million records, you can use a
+small index column for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code> column:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table Ages \
   --name people_age_small_index \
   --flags COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_SMALL \
@@ -788,7 +785,7 @@ small index column for the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age<
 <div class="section" id="create-a-medium-index-column">
 <span id="column-create-index-medium"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.9. Create a medium index column<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-medium-index-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>If you know index target data are medium, you can reduce memory usage
-for the index column. Memory usage is <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">5/24</span></code> of the default index
+for the index column. Memory usage is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">5/24</span></code> of the default index
 column.</p>
 <p>How many data are medium? It depends on data.</p>
 <p>If index target is only one scalar column, a medium index column
@@ -797,21 +794,21 @@ can handle all records.</p>
 cases:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li>Index target is one text family (<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> or
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">LongText</span></code>) scalar column</li>
-<li>Index target is one vector column</li>
-<li>Index targets are multiple columns</li>
-<li>Index table has tokenizer</li>
+<li><p>Index target is one text family (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ShortText</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> or
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LongText</span></code>) scalar column</p></li>
+<li><p>Index target is one vector column</p></li>
+<li><p>Index targets are multiple columns</p></li>
+<li><p>Index table has tokenizer</p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
-<p>You need to add <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter such as
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code> to create a medium index column.</p>
-<p>You can use a medium index column for an index column of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">age</span></code>
-column of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table safely. Because it's one scalar column
-with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code> type.</p>
+<p>You need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter such as
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code> to create a medium index column.</p>
+<p>You can use a medium index column for an index column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">age</span></code>
+column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table safely. Because it’s one scalar column
+with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code> type.</p>
 <p>Here is an example to create a medium index column:</p>
 <p>Execution example:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
   --table Ages \
   --name people_age_medium_index \
   --flags COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_MEDIUM \
@@ -821,6 +818,39 @@ with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code> type.<
 </pre></div>
 </div>
 </div>
+<div class="section" id="create-a-large-index-column">
+<span id="column-create-index-large"></span><h3>7.3.11.3.10. Create a large index column<a class="headerlink" href="#create-a-large-index-column" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
+<p>If you know index target data are large, you need to use large index
+column. It uses increases memory usage for the index column but it can
+accept more data. Memory usage is 2 times larger than the default
+index column.</p>
+<p>How many data are large? It depends on data.</p>
+<p>If index target is only one scalar column, it’s not large data.</p>
+<p>Large data must have many records (normally at least 10 millions
+records) and at least one of the following features:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<div><ul class="simple">
+<li><p>Index targets are multiple columns</p></li>
+<li><p>Index table has tokenizer</p></li>
+</ul>
+</div></blockquote>
+<p>You need to add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_LARGE</span></code> to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code> parameter such as
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|INDEX_LARGE</span></code> to create a large index column.</p>
+<p>You can use a large index column for an index column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_key</span></code>
+of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code> table and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">role</span></code> column of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">People</span></code>
+table.</p>
+<p>Here is an example to create a large index column:</p>
+<p>Execution example:</p>
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>column_create \
+  --table Terms \
+  --name people_roles_large_index \
+  --flags COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_POSITION|WITH_SECTION|INDEX_LARGE \
+  --type People \
+  --source roles
+# [[0, 1337566253.89858, 0.000355720520019531], true]
+</pre></div>
+</div>
+</div>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="parameters">
 <h2>7.3.11.4. Parameters<a class="headerlink" href="#parameters" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
@@ -829,186 +859,199 @@ with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">UInt8</span></code> type.<
 <h3>7.3.11.4.1. Required parameters<a class="headerlink" href="#required-parameters" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>There are some required parameters.</p>
 <div class="section" id="table">
-<span id="column-create-table"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.1. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">table</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#table" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
+<span id="column-create-table"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">table</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#table" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
 <p>Specifies an existing table name for the new column.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="name">
-<span id="column-create-name"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.2. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#name" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
+<span id="column-create-name"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.2. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#name" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
 <p>Specifies the column name to be created.</p>
 <p>The column name must be unique in the same table.</p>
 <p>Here are available characters:</p>
 <ul class="simple">
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">0</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">9</span></code> (digit)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">a</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">z</span></code> (alphabet, lower case)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">A</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">Z</span></code> (alphabet, upper case)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">#</span></code> (hash)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">&#64;</span></code> (at mark)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">-</span></code> (hyphen)</li>
-<li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_</span></code> (underscore) (NOTE: Underscore can't be used as the first
-character.)</li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">9</span></code> (digit)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">a</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">z</span></code> (alphabet, lower case)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">A</span></code> .. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Z</span></code> (alphabet, upper case)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#</span></code> (hash)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&#64;</span></code> (at mark)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code> (hyphen)</p></li>
+<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_</span></code> (underscore) (NOTE: Underscore can’t be used as the first
+character.)</p></li>
 </ul>
 <p>You need to create a name with one or more the above characters. Note
-that you can't use <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_</span></code> as the first character such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_name</span></code>.</p>
+that you can’t use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_</span></code> as the first character such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_name</span></code>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="flags">
-<span id="column-create-flags"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.3. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
+<span id="column-create-flags"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.3. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#flags" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
 <p>Specifies the column type and column customize options.</p>
 <p>Here are available flags:</p>
-<table border="1" class="docutils">
+<table class="docutils align-center">
 <colgroup>
-<col width="50%" />
-<col width="50%" />
+<col style="width: 50%" />
+<col style="width: 50%" />
 </colgroup>
-<thead valign="bottom">
-<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Flag</th>
-<th class="head">Description</th>
+<thead>
+<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Flag</p></th>
+<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
 </tr>
 </thead>
-<tbody valign="top">
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code></td>
-<td>Scalar column. It can store one value. See also
+<tbody>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>Scalar column. It can store one value. See also
 <a class="reference internal" href="../columns/scalar.html"><span class="doc">Scalar column</span></a> or
-<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a>.</td>
+<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a>.</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code></td>
-<td>Vector column. It can store multiple values. See also
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>Vector column. It can store multiple values. See also
 <a class="reference internal" href="../columns/vector.html"><span class="doc">Vector column</span></a> or
-<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a>.</td>
+<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a>.</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code></td>
-<td>Index column. It stores data for fast search. See also
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>Index column. It stores data for fast search. See also
 <a class="reference internal" href="../columns/index.html"><span class="doc">Index column</span></a> or
-<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a>.</td>
+<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a>.</p></td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_ZLIB</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables column value compression by zlib. You need Groonga
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_ZLIB</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables column value compression by zlib. You need Groonga
 that enables zlib support.</p>
 <p>Compression by zlib is higher space efficiency than compression
 by LZ4. But compression by zlib is slower than compression by
 LZ4.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_LZ4</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables column value compression by LZ4. You need Groonga
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_LZ4</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables column value compression by LZ4. You need Groonga
 that enables LZ4 support.</p>
 <p>Compression by LZ4 is faster than compression by zlib. But
 compression by LZ4 is lower space efficiency than compression
 by zlib.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_ZSTD</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables column value compression by Zstandard. You need
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COMPRESS_ZSTD</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables column value compression by Zstandard. You need
 Groonga that enables Zstandard support.</p>
 <p>Compression by Zstandard is faster than compression by zlib and
 the same space efficiency as zlib.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR</span></code> and
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_SECTION</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables section support to index column.</p>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_SECTION</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables section support to index column.</p>
 <p>If section support is enabled, you can support multiple
 documents in the same index column.</p>
 <p>You must specify this flag to create a multiple columns index
 column. See also <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-multiple-columns"><span class="std std-ref">Create a multiple columns index column</span></a> for
 details.</p>
-<p>Section support requires additional spaces. If you don't need
+<p>Section support requires additional spaces. If you don’t need
 section support, you should not enable section support.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_WEIGHT</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables weight support to vector column or index column.</p>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_WEIGHT</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables weight support to vector column or index column.</p>
 <p>If weight support is enabled for vector column, you can add
 weight for each element. If weight support is enabled for index
 column, you can add weight for each posting. They are useful to
 compute suitable search score.</p>
 <p>You must specify this flag to use <a class="reference internal" href="select.html#select-adjuster"><span class="std std-ref">adjuster</span></a>. See
 also <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector-weight"><span class="std std-ref">Create a weight vector column</span></a> for details.</p>
-<p>Weight support requires additional spaces. If you don't need
+<p>Weight support requires additional spaces. If you don’t need
 weight support, you should not enable weight support.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> or
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> or
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">WITH_POSITION</span></code></td>
-<td><p class="first">It enables position support to index column. It means that the
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WITH_POSITION</span></code></p></td>
+<td><p>It enables position support to index column. It means that the
 index column is full inverted index. (Index column is
 implemented as inverted index.)</p>
 <p>If position support is enabled, you can add position in the
-document for each posting. It's required for phrase search. It
+document for each posting. It’s required for phrase search. It
 means that index column for full text search must enable
 position support because most full text search uses phrase
 search.</p>
 <p>You must specify this flag to create a full text search index
 column. See also <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-full-text-search"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column for full text search</span></a> for
 details.</p>
-<p>Position support requires additional spaces. If you don't need
+<p>Position support requires additional spaces. If you don’t need
 position support, you should not enable position support.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INDEX_SMALL</span></code></td>
-<td><div class="first versionadded">
-<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 6.0.8.</span></p>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_SMALL</span></code></p></td>
+<td><div class="versionadded">
+<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 6.0.8.</span></p>
 </div>
 <p>It requires to create a small index column.</p>
 <p>If index target data are small, small index column is enough.
 Small index column uses fewer memory than a normal index column
 or a medium index column. See also
-<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-small"><span class="std std-ref">Create a small index column</span></a> for knowing what are &quot;small
-data&quot; and how to use this flag.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-small"><span class="std std-ref">Create a small index column</span></a> for knowing what are “small
+data” and how to use this flag.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
-<tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code></td>
-<td><div class="first versionadded">
-<p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 6.0.8.</span></p>
+<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_MEDIUM</span></code></p></td>
+<td><div class="versionadded">
+<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 6.0.8.</span></p>
 </div>
 <p>It requires to create a medium index column.</p>
 <p>If index target data are medium, medium index column is enough.
 Medium index column uses fewer memory than a normal index
 column. See also <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-medium"><span class="std std-ref">Create a medium index column</span></a> for knowing
-what are &quot;medium data&quot; and how to use this flag.</p>
-<p class="last">This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+what are “medium data” and how to use this flag.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_LARGE</span></code></p></td>
+<td><div class="versionadded">
+<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version 9.0.2.</span></p>
+</div>
+<p>It requires to create a large index column.</p>
+<p>If index target data are large, you need to use large index
+column. Large index column uses more memory than a normal index
+column but accepts more data than a normal index column. See
+also <a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index-large"><span class="std std-ref">Create a large index column</span></a> for knowing what are
+“large data” and how to use this flag.</p>
+<p>This flag is available only for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX</span></code>.</p>
 </td>
 </tr>
 </tbody>
 </table>
-<p>You must specify one of <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_${TYPE}</span></code> flags. You can't specify
-two or more <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_${TYPE}</span></code> flags. For example,
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR|COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> is invalid.</p>
-<p>You can combine flags with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">|</span></code> (vertical bar) such as
-<code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION|WITH_POSITION</span></code>.</p>
+<p>You must specify one of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_${TYPE}</span></code> flags. You can’t specify
+two or more <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_${TYPE}</span></code> flags. For example,
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_SCALAR|COLUMN_VECTOR</span></code> is invalid.</p>
+<p>You can combine flags with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">|</span></code> (vertical bar) such as
+<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMN_INDEX|WITH_SECTION|WITH_POSITION</span></code>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="type">
-<span id="column-create-type"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.4. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#type" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
+<span id="column-create-type"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.1.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#type" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
 <p>Specifies type of the column value.</p>
 <p>If the column is scalar column or vector column, here are available
 types:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li>Builtin types described in <a class="reference internal" href="../types.html"><span class="doc">Data types</span></a></li>
-<li>Tables defined by users</li>
+<li><p>Builtin types described in <a class="reference internal" href="../types.html"><span class="doc">Data types</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p>Tables defined by users</p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
 <p>If the column is index column, here are available types:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li>Tables defined by users</li>
+<li><p>Tables defined by users</p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
 <p>See also the followings:</p>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-reference"><span class="std std-ref">Create a column that refers a table's record</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-scalar"><span class="std std-ref">Create a scalar column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-vector"><span class="std std-ref">Create a vector column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-reference"><span class="std std-ref">Create a column that refers a table’s record</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-index"><span class="std std-ref">Create an index column</span></a></p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
 </div>
@@ -1017,39 +1060,39 @@ types:</p>
 <h3>7.3.11.4.2. Optional parameters<a class="headerlink" href="#optional-parameters" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>
 <p>There is an optional parameter.</p>
 <div class="section" id="source">
-<span id="column-create-source"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.2.1. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#source" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
+<span id="column-create-source"></span><h4>7.3.11.4.2.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code><a class="headerlink" href="#source" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h4>
 <p>Specifies index target columns. You can specify one or more columns to
-the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter.</p>
+the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter.</p>
 <p>This parameter is only available for index column.</p>
 <p>You can only specify columns of the table specified as
-<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-type"><span class="std std-ref">type</span></a>. You can also use the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key</span></code> pseudo column
+<a class="reference internal" href="#column-create-type"><span class="std std-ref">type</span></a>. You can also use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_key</span></code> pseudo column
 for specifying the table key as index target.</p>
-<p>If you specify multiple columns to the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter, separate
-columns with <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">,</span></code> (comma) such as <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_key,roles</span></code>.</p>
+<p>If you specify multiple columns to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code> parameter, separate
+columns with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">,</span></code> (comma) such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_key,roles</span></code>.</p>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="return-value">
 <h2>7.3.11.5. Return value<a class="headerlink" href="#return-value" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
-<p><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">true</span></code> as body on success such as:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[HEADER, true]
+<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">true</span></code> as body on success such as:</p>
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[HEADER, true]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>If <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> fails, <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">false</span></code> as
+<p>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> fails, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code> returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">false</span></code> as
 body:</p>
-<div class="highlight-none"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[HEADER, false]
+<div class="highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[HEADER, false]
 </pre></div>
 </div>
-<p>Error details are in <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HEADER</span></code>.</p>
-<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../command/output_format.html"><span class="doc">Output format</span></a> for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">HEADER</span></code>.</p>
+<p>Error details are in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HEADER</span></code>.</p>
+<p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../command/output_format.html"><span class="doc">Output format</span></a> for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HEADER</span></code>.</p>
 </div>
 <div class="section" id="see-also">
 <h2>7.3.11.6. See also<a class="headerlink" href="#see-also" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
 <blockquote>
 <div><ul class="simple">
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="../column.html"><span class="doc">Column</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="table_create.html"><span class="doc">table_create</span></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="../command/output_format.html"><span class="doc">Output format</span></a></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../column.html"><span class="doc">Column</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="table_create.html"><span class="doc">table_create</span></a></p></li>
+<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../command/output_format.html"><span class="doc">Output format</span></a></p></li>
 </ul>
 </div></blockquote>
 </div>
@@ -1061,33 +1104,34 @@ body:</p>
       </div>
       <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
         <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
-  <h3><a href="../../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
+  <h3><a href="../../index.html">Table of Contents</a></h3>
   <ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">7.3.11. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code></a><ul>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">7.3.11. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_create</span></code></a><ul>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary">7.3.11.1. Summary</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#syntax">7.3.11.2. Syntax</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#usage">7.3.11.3. Usage</a><ul>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-scalar-column">7.3.11.3.1. Create a scalar column</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-vector-column">7.3.11.3.2. Create a vector column</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-weight-vector-column">7.3.11.3.3. Create a weight vector column</a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-column-that-refers-a-table-s-record">7.3.11.3.4. Create a column that refers a table's record</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-column-that-refers-a-table-s-record">7.3.11.3.4. Create a column that refers a table’s record</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-an-index-column">7.3.11.3.5. Create an index column</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-an-index-column-for-full-text-search">7.3.11.3.6. Create an index column for full text search</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-multiple-columns-index-column">7.3.11.3.7. Create a multiple columns index column</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-small-index-column">7.3.11.3.8. Create a small index column</a></li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-medium-index-column">7.3.11.3.9. Create a medium index column</a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#create-a-large-index-column">7.3.11.3.10. Create a large index column</a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#parameters">7.3.11.4. Parameters</a><ul>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#required-parameters">7.3.11.4.1. Required parameters</a><ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#table">7.3.11.4.1.1. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">table</span></code></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#name">7.3.11.4.1.2. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></code></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#flags">7.3.11.4.1.3. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">flags</span></code></a></li>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#type">7.3.11.4.1.4. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">type</span></code></a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#table">7.3.11.4.1.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">table</span></code></a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#name">7.3.11.4.1.2. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code></a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#flags">7.3.11.4.1.3. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flags</span></code></a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#type">7.3.11.4.1.4. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">type</span></code></a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#optional-parameters">7.3.11.4.2. Optional parameters</a><ul>
-<li><a class="reference internal" href="#source">7.3.11.4.2.1. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">source</span></code></a></li>
+<li><a class="reference internal" href="#source">7.3.11.4.2.1. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">source</span></code></a></li>
 </ul>
 </li>
 </ul>
@@ -1100,18 +1144,18 @@ body:</p>
   <h4>Previous topic</h4>
   <p class="topless"><a href="column_copy.html"
-                        title="previous chapter">7.3.10. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_copy</span></code></a></p>
+                        title="previous chapter">7.3.10. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_copy</span></code></a></p>
   <h4>Next topic</h4>
   <p class="topless"><a href="column_list.html"
-                        title="next chapter">7.3.12. <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">column_list</span></code></a></p>
+                        title="next chapter">7.3.12. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">column_list</span></code></a></p>
 <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
   <h3>Quick search</h3>
+    <div class="searchformwrapper">
     <form class="search" action="../../search.html" method="get">
-      <div><input type="text" name="q" /></div>
-      <div><input type="submit" value="Go" /></div>
-      <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
-      <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
+      <input type="text" name="q" />
+      <input type="submit" value="Go" />
     </form>
+    </div>
 </div>
 <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
         </div>
@@ -1130,13 +1174,13 @@ body:</p>
         <li class="right" >
           <a href="column_copy.html" title="7.3.10. column_copy"
              >previous</a> |</li>
-        <li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="../../index.html">Groonga v7.1.0-73-g6d02cfa documentation</a> &#187;</li>
+        <li class="nav-item nav-item-0"><a href="../../index.html">Groonga v9.0.2 documentation</a> &#187;</li>
           <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="../../reference.html" >7. Reference manual</a> &#187;</li>
           <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="../command.html" >7.3. Command</a> &#187;</li>
       </ul>
     </div>
     <div class="footer" role="contentinfo">
-        &#169; Copyright 2009-2018, Brazil, Inc.
+        &#169; Copyright 2009-2019, Brazil, Inc.
     </div>
   </body>
 </html>