rb-gsl 1.16.0.5 → 1.16.0.6

data/examples/wavelet/wavelet1.rb

@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env ruby
-require("gsl")
-
-n = 256
-nc = 20
-
-data = GSL::Vector.alloc(n)
-data.fscanf("ecg.dat")
-
-w = GSL::Wavelet.alloc("daubechies", 4)
-work = GSL::Wavelet::Workspace.alloc(n)
-
-# Choose as you like...
-data2 = w.transform(data, GSL::Wavelet::FORWARD, work)
-#data2 = data.wavelet_transform(w, GSL::Wavelet::FORWARD, work)
-#data2 = data.wavelet_transform_forward(w, work)
-#data2 = w.transform(data, work)
-#data2 = w.transform(data)
-#data2 = w.transform(data, GSL::Wavelet::FORWARD)
-#data2 = w.transform_forward(data, work)
-#data2 = w.transform_forward(data)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data, GSL::Wavelet::FORWARD, work)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data, GSL::Wavelet::FORWARD)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data, work)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform_forward(w, data, work)
-#data2 = GSL::Wavelet.transform_forward(w, data)
-
-perm = data2.abs.sort_index
-
-i = 0
-while (i + nc) < n
-  data2[perm[i]] = 0.0
-  i += 1
-end
-
-# Choose as you like...
-data3 = w.transform(data2, GSL::Wavelet::BACKWARD, work)
-#data3 = data2.wavelet_transform(w, GSL::Wavelet::BACKWARD, work)
-#data3 = data2.wavelet_transform_inverse(w, work)
-#data3 = w.transform(data2, GSL::Wavelet::BACKWARD)
-#data3 = w.transform_inverse(data2, work)
-#data3 = w.transform_inverse(data2)
-#data3 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data2, GSL::Wavelet::BACKWARD, work)
-#data3 = GSL::Wavelet.transform(w, data2, GSL::Wavelet::BACKWARD)
-#data3 = GSL::Wavelet.transform_inverse(w, data2, work)
-#data3 = GSL::Wavelet.transform_inverse(w, data2)
-
-GSL::graph(nil, data, data3, "-T X -C -g 3 -x 0 #{data.size} -L 'Red: data, Green: DWT'")
-

data/ext/gsl_native/alf.c

@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Ruby interface for ALF, a library to calculate associated Legendre functions by Patrick Alken
- * Based on ALF-0.1
- */
-#ifdef HAVE_ALF_ALF_H
-#include "include/rb_gsl.h"
-
-static VALUE cWspace;
-static VALUE rb_alf_alloc(VALUE klass, VALUE lmax)
-{
-  alf_workspace *w = NULL;
-  w = alf_alloc(FIX2INT(lmax));
-  return Data_Wrap_Struct(cWspace, 0, alf_free, w);
-}
-
-static VALUE rb_alf_params(VALUE obj, VALUE csphase, VALUE cnorm, VALUE norm)
-{
-  alf_workspace *w;
-  int ret;
-  Data_Get_Struct(obj, alf_workspace, w);
-  ret = alf_params(FIX2INT(csphase), FIX2INT(cnorm), (alf_norm_t) FIX2INT(norm), w);
-  return INT2FIX(ret);
-}
-
-static void define_constants(VALUE klass)
-{
-  rb_define_const(klass, "NORM_NONE", INT2FIX((int) ALF_NORM_NONE));
-  rb_define_const(klass, "NORM_SPHARM", INT2FIX((int) ALF_NORM_SPHARM));
-  rb_define_const(klass, "NORM_ORTHO", INT2FIX((int) ALF_NORM_ORTHO));
-  rb_define_const(klass, "NORM_SCHMIDT", INT2FIX((int) ALF_NORM_SCHMIDT));
-}
-
-/**
- * arguments:
- *   - Plm_array(x) : lmax = w->lmax, A new vector is created
- *   - Plm_array(x, result) : lmax = w->lmax, the given vector is used
- *   - Plm_array(lmax, x) : A new vector is created
- *   - Plm_array(lmax, x, result) : Same as C Plm_array()
- *   - Plm_array(x, result, deriv) : lmax = w->lmax, calcurate Plm_deriv_array(lmax, x, result, deriv)
- *   - Plm_array(lmax, x, result, deriv) : Same as C alf_Plm_deriv_array
- */
-static VALUE rb_alf_Plm_array(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
-{
-  alf_workspace *w = NULL;
-  gsl_vector *res = NULL, *deriv = NULL;
-  int lmax;
-  double x;
-  VALUE ret;
-  Data_Get_Struct(obj, alf_workspace, w);
-  switch (argc) {
-  case 1:
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[0]);
-    lmax = w->lmax;
-    res = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-    ret = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, res);
-    break;
-  case 2: // Plm_array(x, result) or Plm_array(lmax, x)
-    if (VECTOR_P(argv[1])) {
-      x = NUM2DBL(argv[0]);
-      Data_Get_Struct(argv[1], gsl_vector, res);
-      lmax = w->lmax;
-      if (res->size < alf_array_size(lmax)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Vector length is too small. (%d for >= %d\n", (int) res->size,
-                 (int) alf_array_size(lmax));
-      }
-      ret = argv[1];
-    } else {
-      lmax = FIX2INT(argv[0]);
-      x = NUM2DBL(argv[1]);
-      res = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-      ret = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, res);
-    }
-    break;
-  case 3: // Plm_array(lmax, x, result) or Plm_array(x, result, deriv)
-    if (VECTOR_P(argv[1])) {
-      CHECK_VECTOR(argv[2]);
-      lmax = w->lmax;
-      x = NUM2DBL(argv[0]);
-      Data_Get_Struct(argv[1], gsl_vector, res);
-      Data_Get_Struct(argv[2], gsl_vector, deriv);
-      ret = argv[1];
-    } else {
-      lmax = FIX2INT(argv[0]);
-      x = NUM2DBL(argv[1]);
-      CHECK_VECTOR(argv[2]);
-      Data_Get_Struct(argv[2], gsl_vector, res);
-      if (res->size < alf_array_size(lmax)) {
-        rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Vector length is too small. (%d for >= %d\n", (int) res->size,
-                 (int) alf_array_size(lmax));
-      }
-      ret = argv[2];
-    }
-    break;
-  case 4:
-    CHECK_VECTOR(argv[2]); CHECK_VECTOR(argv[3])
-    lmax = FIX2INT(argv[0]);
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[1]);
-    Data_Get_Struct(argv[2], gsl_vector, res);
-    Data_Get_Struct(argv[3], gsl_vector, deriv);
-    ret = argv[2];
-    break;
-  default:
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Wrong number of argumentso (%d for 1-3)\n", argc);
-  }
-  if (argc == 4 && deriv != NULL) alf_Plm_deriv_array(lmax, x, res->data, deriv->data, w);
-  else alf_Plm_array(lmax, x, res->data, w);
-  return ret;
-}
-
-/**
- * arguments:
- *   - Plm_deriv_array(x) : lmax = w->lmax, two new vectors are created and returned as an array
- *   - Plm_array(lmax, x) : Two new vectors are created and returned as an array
- *   - Plm_array(lmax, x, result, deriv) : Same as C alf_Plm_deriv_array()
- */
-static VALUE rb_alf_Plm_deriv_array(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE obj)
-{
-  alf_workspace *w = NULL;
-  gsl_vector *res = NULL, *deriv = NULL;
-  int lmax;
-  double x;
-  VALUE ret1, ret2, ary;
-  Data_Get_Struct(obj, alf_workspace, w);
-  switch (argc) {
-  case 1:
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[0]);
-    lmax = w->lmax;
-    res = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-    deriv = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-    ret1 = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, res);
-    ret2 = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, deriv);
-    break;
-  case 2:
-    lmax = FIX2INT(argv[1]);
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[1]);
-    res = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-    deriv = gsl_vector_alloc(alf_array_size(lmax));
-    ret1 = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, res);
-    ret2 = Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, deriv);
-    break;
-  case 3:
-    CHECK_VECTOR(argv[1]);
-    CHECK_VECTOR(argv[2]);
-    ret1 = argv[1];
-    ret2 = argv[2];
-    lmax = w->lmax;
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[0]);
-    break;
-  case 4:
-    lmax = FIX2INT(argv[0]);
-    x = NUM2DBL(argv[1]);
-    CHECK_VECTOR(argv[2]);
-    CHECK_VECTOR(argv[3]);
-    Data_Get_Struct(argv[2], gsl_vector, res);
-    Data_Get_Struct(argv[3], gsl_vector, deriv);
-    if (res->size < alf_array_size(lmax)) {
-      rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Vector length is too small. (%d for >= %d\n", (int) res->size,
-               (int) alf_array_size(lmax));
-    }
-    if (deriv->size < alf_array_size(lmax)) {
-      rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "Vector length is too small. (%d for >= %d\n", (int) res->size,
-               (int) alf_array_size(lmax));
-    }
-    ret1 = argv[2];
-    ret2 = argv[3];
-    break;
-  default:
-    rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "Wrong number of argumentso (%d for 1-4)\n", argc);
-  }
-  alf_Plm_deriv_array(lmax, x, res->data, deriv->data, w);
-  ary = rb_ary_new2(2);
-  rb_ary_store(ary, 0, ret1);
-  rb_ary_store(ary, 1, ret2);
-  return ary;
-}
-
-static VALUE rb_alf_array_size(VALUE module, VALUE lmax)
-{
-  return INT2FIX(alf_array_size(FIX2INT(lmax)));
-
-}
-static VALUE rb_alf_array_index(VALUE module, VALUE l, VALUE m)
-{
-  return INT2FIX(alf_array_index(FIX2INT(l), FIX2INT(m)));
-}
-
-void Init_alf(VALUE module)
-{
-  VALUE mALF;
-  mALF = rb_define_module_under(module, "ALF");
-  cWspace = rb_define_class_under(mALF, "Workspace", cGSL_Object);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(cWspace, "alloc", rb_alf_alloc, 1);
-  rb_define_singleton_method(mALF, "alloc", rb_alf_alloc, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(module, "alf_alloc", rb_alf_alloc, 1);
-
-  rb_define_method(cWspace, "params", rb_alf_params, 3);
-
-  rb_define_method(cWspace, "Plm_array", rb_alf_Plm_array, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cWspace, "Plm_deriv_array", rb_alf_Plm_deriv_array, -1);
-
-  rb_define_module_function(mALF, "array_size", rb_alf_array_size, 1);
-  rb_define_module_function(mALF, "array_index", rb_alf_array_index, 2);
-
-  define_constants(mALF);
-}
-#endif

data/ext/gsl_native/array.c

@@ -1,553 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  array.c
-  Ruby/GSL: Ruby extension library for GSL (GNU Scientific Library)
-    (C) Copyright 2001-2006 by Yoshiki Tsunesada
-
-  Ruby/GSL is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-  under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
-  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
-  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
-*/
-
-#include "include/rb_gsl_common.h"
-#include "include/rb_gsl_array.h"
-#include "include/rb_gsl_complex.h"
-#include "include/rb_gsl_with_narray.h"
-
-/* global variables */
-VALUE cgsl_block, cgsl_block_int;
-VALUE cgsl_block_uchar;
-VALUE cgsl_block_complex;
-VALUE cgsl_vector, cgsl_vector_view;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_col_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_complex;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_complex_view;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_view;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_complex;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_complex_view;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_complex_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_complex_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_permutation;
-VALUE cgsl_index;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_col, cgsl_vector_col_view;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_complex_col, cgsl_vector_complex_col_view;
-
-VALUE cgsl_vector_int, cgsl_vector_int_col;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_int_view, cgsl_vector_int_col_view;
-VALUE cgsl_vector_int_view_ro, cgsl_vector_int_col_view_ro;
-VALUE cgsl_matrix_int, cgsl_matrix_int_view, cgsl_matrix_int_view_ro;
-
-double* get_vector_ptr(VALUE ary, size_t *stride, size_t *n)
-{
-  gsl_vector *v = NULL;
-  gsl_vector_complex *vc = NULL;
-  gsl_matrix *m;
-  if (VECTOR_P(ary)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(ary, gsl_vector, v);
-    *stride = v->stride;
-    *n = v->size;
-    return v->data;
-  } else if (VECTOR_COMPLEX_P(ary)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(ary, gsl_vector_complex, vc);
-    *stride = vc->stride;
-    *n = vc->size*2;
-    return vc->data;
-  } else if (MATRIX_P(ary)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(ary, gsl_matrix, m);
-    *stride = 1;
-    *n = m->size1*m->size2;
-    return m->data;
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-  } else if (NA_IsNArray(ary)) {
-    VALUE ary2;
-    *n = NA_TOTAL(ary);
-    *stride = 1;
-    ary2 = na_change_type(ary, NA_DFLOAT);
-    return NA_PTR_TYPE(ary2,double*);
-#endif
-  } else {
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  }
-}
-
-gsl_vector* get_cvector(VALUE obj)
-{
-  gsl_vector *v = NULL;
-  if (rb_obj_is_kind_of(obj, cgsl_vector)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(obj, gsl_vector,  v);
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-  } else if (NA_IsArray(obj)) {
-    v = make_cvector_from_rarrays(obj);
-#endif
-  } else {
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(obj)));
-  }
-  return v;
-}
-
-VALUE make_rarray_from_cvector(const gsl_vector *v)
-{
-  size_t i;
-  VALUE ary;
-  ary = rb_ary_new2(v->size);
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) {
-    rb_ary_store(ary, i, rb_float_new(gsl_vector_get(v, i)));
-  }
-  return ary;
-}
-
-VALUE make_rarray_from_cvector_int(const gsl_vector_int *v)
-{
-  size_t i;
-  VALUE ary;
-  ary = rb_ary_new2(v->size);
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) {
-    rb_ary_store(ary, i, INT2FIX(gsl_vector_int_get(v, i)));
-  }
-  return ary;
-}
-
-VALUE make_rarray_from_cpermutation(const gsl_permutation *v)
-{
-  size_t i;
-  VALUE ary;
-  ary = rb_ary_new2(v->size);
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) {
-    rb_ary_store(ary, i, rb_float_new(gsl_permutation_get(v, i)));
-  }
-  return ary;
-}
-
-gsl_vector* get_vector(VALUE ary)
-{
-  gsl_vector *v = NULL;
-  if (CLASS_OF(ary) == rb_cRange) ary = rb_gsl_range2ary(ary);
-  if (TYPE(ary) == T_ARRAY) {
-    return make_cvector_from_rarray(ary);
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-  } else if (NA_IsNArray(ary)) {
-    return make_cvector_from_narray(ary);
-#endif
-  } else if (VECTOR_P(ary)) {
-    Data_Get_Struct(ary, gsl_vector, v);
-    return v;
-  } else {
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  }
-}
-
-gsl_vector* make_cvector_from_rarrays(VALUE ary)
-{
-  if (CLASS_OF(ary) == rb_cRange) ary = rb_gsl_range2ary(ary);
-  if (TYPE(ary) == T_ARRAY) {
-    return make_cvector_from_rarray(ary);
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-  } else if (NA_IsNArray(ary)) {
-    return make_cvector_from_narray(ary);
-#endif
-  } else {
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  }
-}
-
-void cvector_set_from_carray(gsl_vector *v, const double *a)
-{
-  size_t i;
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) gsl_vector_set(v, i, a[i]);
-}
-
-void carray_set_from_cvector(double *a, const gsl_vector *v)
-{
-  size_t i;
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) a[i] = gsl_vector_get(v, i);
-}
-
-void carray_set_from_rarrays(double *a, VALUE ary)
-{
-  if (CLASS_OF(ary) == rb_cRange) ary = rb_gsl_range2ary(ary);
-  if (TYPE(ary) == T_ARRAY) {
-    return carray_set_from_rarray(a, ary);
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-  } else if (NA_IsNArray(ary)) {
-    return carray_set_from_narray(a, ary);
-#endif
-  } else {
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  }
-}
-
-void carray_set_from_rarray(double *a, VALUE ary)
-{
-  size_t i, size;
-  VALUE val;
-  if (CLASS_OF(ary) == rb_cRange) ary = rb_gsl_range2ary(ary);
-  Check_Type(ary, T_ARRAY);
-  //  size = RARRAY(ary)->len;
-  size = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
-  if (size == 0) return;
-  for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-    val = rb_ary_entry(ary, i);
-    Need_Float(val);
-    a[i] = NUM2DBL(val);
-    //    a[i] = RFLOAT(val)->value;
-  }
-}
-
-#ifdef HAVE_NARRAY_H
-/* NArray -> CArray */
-void carray_set_from_narray(double *a, VALUE ary)
-{
-  int size;
-  VALUE ary2;
-  if (!NA_IsNArray(ary))
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  size = NA_TOTAL(ary);
-  if (size == 0) return;
-  ary2 = na_change_type(ary, NA_DFLOAT);
-  memcpy(a, NA_PTR_TYPE(ary2,double*), size*sizeof(double));
-}
-
-/* NArray -> GSL::Vector */
-gsl_vector* make_cvector_from_narray(VALUE ary)
-{
-  gsl_vector *v = NULL;
-  size_t size;
-  VALUE ary2;
-  if (!NA_IsNArray(ary))
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
-             "wrong argument type %s", rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(ary)));
-  size = NA_TOTAL(ary);
-  v = gsl_vector_alloc(size);
-  if (v == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_vector_alloc failed");
-  ary2 = na_change_type(ary, NA_DFLOAT);
-  memcpy(v->data, NA_PTR_TYPE(ary2,double*), size*sizeof(double));
-  /*  cvector_set_from_narray(v, ary);*/
-  return v;
-}
-
-#endif
-
-gsl_vector_complex* make_vector_complex_clone(const gsl_vector_complex *v)
-{
-  gsl_vector_complex *vnew = NULL;
-  vnew = gsl_vector_complex_alloc(v->size);
-  if (vnew == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_vector_complex_alloc failed");
-  gsl_vector_complex_memcpy(vnew, v);
-  return vnew;
-}
-
-gsl_matrix* make_matrix_clone(const gsl_matrix *m)
-{
-  gsl_matrix *mnew = NULL;
-  mnew = gsl_matrix_alloc(m->size1, m->size2);
-  if (mnew == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_matrix_alloc failed");
-  gsl_matrix_memcpy(mnew, m);
-  return mnew;
-}
-
-gsl_matrix_int* make_matrix_int_clone(const gsl_matrix_int *m)
-{
-  gsl_matrix_int *mnew = NULL;
-  mnew = gsl_matrix_int_alloc(m->size1, m->size2);
-  if (mnew == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_matrix_alloc failed");
-  gsl_matrix_int_memcpy(mnew, m);
-  return mnew;
-}
-
-VALUE make_matrix_clone2(VALUE vm)
-{
-  gsl_matrix *m = NULL, *mnew = NULL;
-  Data_Get_Struct(vm, gsl_matrix, m);
-  mnew = gsl_matrix_alloc(m->size1, m->size2);
-  if (mnew == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_matrix_alloc failed");
-  gsl_matrix_memcpy(mnew, m);
-  return Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_matrix, 0, gsl_matrix_free, mnew);
-}
-
-gsl_matrix_complex* make_matrix_complex_clone(const gsl_matrix_complex *m)
-{
-  gsl_matrix_complex *mnew = NULL;
-  mnew = gsl_matrix_complex_alloc(m->size1, m->size2);
-  if (mnew == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_matrix_complex_alloc failed");
-  gsl_matrix_complex_memcpy(mnew, m);
-  return mnew;
-}
-
-gsl_vector_complex* vector_to_complex(const gsl_vector *v)
-{
-  gsl_vector_complex *cv = NULL;
-  gsl_complex z;
-  size_t i;
-  cv = gsl_vector_complex_alloc(v->size);
-  if (cv == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_vector_complex_alloc failed");
-  for (i = 0; i < v->size; i++) {
-    z = gsl_complex_rect(gsl_vector_get(v, i), 0.0);
-    gsl_vector_complex_set(cv, i, z);
-  }
-  return cv;
-}
-
-gsl_matrix_complex* matrix_to_complex(const gsl_matrix *m)
-{
-  gsl_matrix_complex *cm = NULL;
-  gsl_complex z;
-  size_t i, j;
-  cm = gsl_matrix_complex_alloc(m->size1, m->size2);
-  if (cm == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eNoMemError, "gsl_matrix_complex_alloc failed");
-  for (i = 0; i < m->size1; i++) {
-    for (j = 0; j < m->size2; j++) {
-      z = gsl_complex_rect(gsl_matrix_get(m, i, j), 0.0);
-      gsl_matrix_complex_set(cm, i, j, z);
-    }
-  }
-  return cm;
-}
-
-void gsl_matrix_complex_mul(gsl_matrix_complex *mnew, const gsl_matrix_complex *m,
-                            const gsl_matrix_complex *mb)
-{
-  gsl_complex a, b, c, sum;
-  size_t i, j, k;
-  for (i = 0; i < m->size1; i++) {
-    for (j = 0; j < m->size2; j++) {
-      sum = gsl_complex_rect(0.0, 0.0);
-      for (k = 0; k < m->size2; k++) {
-        a = gsl_matrix_complex_get(m, j, k);
-        b = gsl_matrix_complex_get(mb, k, i);
-        c = gsl_complex_mul(a, b);
-        sum = gsl_complex_add(sum, c);
-      }
-      gsl_matrix_complex_set(mnew, j, i, sum);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-void gsl_matrix_mul_vector(gsl_vector *vnew,
-                           const gsl_matrix *m, const gsl_vector *v)
-{
-  size_t i, j;
-  double val;
-  for (i = 0; i < m->size1; i++) {
-    val = 0;
-    for (j = 0; j < m->size2; j++)
-      val += gsl_matrix_get(m, i, j)*gsl_vector_get(v, j);
-    gsl_vector_set(vnew, i, val);
-  }
-}
-
-void gsl_matrix_int_mul_vector(gsl_vector_int *vnew,
-                               const gsl_matrix_int *m, const gsl_vector_int *v)
-{
-  size_t i, j;
-  int val;
-  for (i = 0; i < m->size1; i++) {
-    val = 0;
-    for (j = 0; j < m->size2; j++)
-      val += gsl_matrix_int_get(m, i, j)*gsl_vector_int_get(v, j);
-    gsl_vector_int_set(vnew, i, val);
-  }
-}
-
-void gsl_matrix_complex_mul_vector(gsl_vector_complex *vnew,
-                                   const gsl_matrix_complex *m,
-                                   const gsl_vector_complex *v)
-{
-  gsl_complex a, b, c, sum;
-  size_t i, j;
-  for (i = 0; i < m->size1; i++) {
-    sum = gsl_complex_rect(0.0, 0.0);
-    for (j = 0; j < m->size2; j++) {
-      a = gsl_matrix_complex_get(m, i, j);
-      b = gsl_vector_complex_get(v, j);
-      c = gsl_complex_mul(a, b);
-      sum = gsl_complex_add(sum, c);
-    }
-    gsl_vector_complex_set(vnew, i, sum);
-  }
-}
-
-VALUE rb_gsl_range2ary(VALUE obj)
-{
-  //  double beg, en;
-  //  size_t n;
-  //  int step;
-  VALUE ary;
-  if (CLASS_OF(obj) != rb_cRange)
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %s (Range expected)",
-             rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(obj)));
-  ary = rb_funcall(obj, rb_gsl_id_to_a, 0);
-  return ary;
-}
-
-void get_range_beg_en_n(VALUE range, double *beg, double *en, size_t *n, int *step);
-VALUE rb_gsl_range2vector(VALUE obj)
-{
-  double beg, en;
-  size_t n;
-  int i, step;
-  gsl_vector *v;
-  if (CLASS_OF(obj) != rb_cRange)
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %s (Range expected)",
-             rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(obj)));
-  get_range_beg_en_n(obj, &beg, &en, &n, &step);
-  v = gsl_vector_alloc(n);
-  for (i = 0; i < (int) n; i++) gsl_vector_set(v, i, (double) (beg+i));
-  return Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector, 0, gsl_vector_free, v);
-}
-
-void get_range_int_beg_en_n(VALUE range, int *beg, int *en, size_t *n, int *step);
-VALUE rb_gsl_range2vector_int(VALUE obj)
-{
-  int beg, en, i, step;
-  size_t n;
-  gsl_vector_int *v;
-  if (CLASS_OF(obj) != rb_cRange)
-    rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "wrong argument type %s (Range expected)",
-             rb_class2name(CLASS_OF(obj)));
-  get_range_int_beg_en_n(obj, &beg, &en, &n, &step);
-  v = gsl_vector_int_alloc(n);
-  for (i = 0; i < (int) n; i++) gsl_vector_int_set(v, i, beg+i);
-  return Data_Wrap_Struct(cgsl_vector_int, 0, gsl_vector_int_free, v);
-}
-
-gsl_vector_int_view* rb_gsl_vector_int_view_alloc(size_t n)
-{
-  gsl_vector_int_view *v;
-  v = ALLOC(gsl_vector_int_view);
-  v->vector.size = n;
-  v->vector.stride = 1;
-  v->vector.owner = 0;
-  return v;
-}
-
-void rb_gsl_vector_int_view_free(gsl_vector_int_view *v)
-{
-  free((gsl_vector_int_view *) v);
-}
-
-gsl_matrix_view* rb_gsl_matrix_view_alloc()
-{
-  gsl_matrix_view *mv = NULL;
-  mv = ALLOC(gsl_matrix_view);
-  if (mv == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "malloc failed");
-  return mv;
-}
-
-void rb_gsl_matrix_view_free(gsl_matrix_view * mv)
-{
-  free((gsl_matrix_view *) mv);
-}
-
-gsl_matrix_int_view* rb_gsl_matrix_int_view_alloc()
-{
-  gsl_matrix_int_view *mv = NULL;
-  mv = ALLOC(gsl_matrix_int_view);
-  if (mv == NULL) rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "malloc failed");
-  return mv;
-}
-
-void rb_gsl_matrix_int_view_free(gsl_matrix_int_view * mv)
-{
-  free((gsl_matrix_int_view *) mv);
-}
-
-void Init_gsl_array(VALUE module)
-{
-  cgsl_block = rb_define_class_under(module, "Block",
-                                     cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_block_int = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_block, "Int",
-                                         cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_block_uchar = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_block, "Byte",
-                                           cGSL_Object);
-
-  cgsl_block_complex = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_block, "Complex", cgsl_block);
-  cgsl_vector = rb_define_class_under(module, "Vector",
-                                      cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_vector_col = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector, "Col",
-                                          cgsl_vector);
-  cgsl_vector_complex = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector, "Complex",
-                                              cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_vector_complex_col = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_complex, "Col",
-                                                  cgsl_vector_complex);
-  cgsl_matrix = rb_define_class_under(module, "Matrix", cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_matrix_complex = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix, "Complex", cGSL_Object);
-
-  cgsl_vector_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector, "View", cgsl_vector);
-  cgsl_vector_col_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_col, "View", cgsl_vector_col);
-
-  cgsl_vector_complex_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_complex, "View",
-                                                   cgsl_vector_complex);
-  cgsl_vector_complex_col_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_complex_col, "View",
-                                                       cgsl_vector_complex_col);
-
-  cgsl_vector_int = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector, "Int", cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_vector_int_col = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_int, "Col", cgsl_vector_int);
-  cgsl_vector_int_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_int, "View", cgsl_vector_int);
-  cgsl_vector_int_col_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_int_col, "View", cgsl_vector_int_col);
-
-
-  /*****/
-
-  cgsl_matrix_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix, "View",
-                                           cgsl_matrix);
-  cgsl_matrix_complex_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix_complex, "View",
-                                                   cgsl_matrix_complex);
-  cgsl_permutation = rb_define_class_under(module, "Permutation", cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_index = rb_define_class_under(module, "Index", cgsl_permutation);
-
-  cgsl_vector_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                              cgsl_vector_view);
-  cgsl_vector_col_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_col_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                                  cgsl_vector_col_view);
-  cgsl_vector_int_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_int_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                                  cgsl_vector_int_view);
-  cgsl_vector_int_col_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_int_col_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                                      cgsl_vector_int_col_view);
-  cgsl_matrix_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                              cgsl_matrix_view);
-
-  cgsl_vector_complex_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_vector_complex_view,
-                                                      "ReadOnly",
-                                                      cgsl_vector_complex_view);
-  cgsl_matrix_complex_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix_complex_view,
-                                                      "ReadOnly",
-                                                      cgsl_matrix_complex_view);
-
-  /*****/
-  cgsl_matrix_int = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix, "Int", cGSL_Object);
-  cgsl_matrix_int_view = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix_int, "View", cgsl_matrix_int);
-  cgsl_matrix_int_view_ro = rb_define_class_under(cgsl_matrix_int_view, "ReadOnly",
-                                                  cgsl_matrix_int_view);
-  /*****/
-  Init_gsl_block_init(module);
-  Init_gsl_block_int_init(module);
-  Init_gsl_block_uchar_init(module);
-  Init_gsl_vector(module);
-  Init_gsl_vector_int(module);
-
-  Init_gsl_vector_complex(module);
-  Init_gsl_matrix(module);
-  Init_gsl_matrix_int(module);
-  Init_gsl_matrix_complex(module);
-  Init_gsl_permutation(module);
-  Init_gsl_combination(module);
-  Init_gsl_array_complex(module);
-  Init_gsl_matrix_nmf();
-
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_vector_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_matrix_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_vector_int_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_matrix_int_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_vector_complex_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-  rb_define_method(cgsl_matrix_complex_view_ro, "set", rb_gsl_obj_read_only, -1);
-
-}