grpc 1.45.0-x86_64-linux → 1.46.2-x86_64-linux

data/src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,1885 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2016 gRPC authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+/// Implementation of the gRPC LB policy.
+///
+/// This policy takes as input a list of resolved addresses, which must
+/// include at least one balancer address.
+///
+/// An internal channel (\a lb_channel_) is created for the addresses
+/// from that are balancers.  This channel behaves just like a regular
+/// channel that uses pick_first to select from the list of balancer
+/// addresses.
+///
+/// When we get our initial update, we instantiate the internal *streaming*
+/// call to the LB server (whichever address pick_first chose).  The call
+/// will be complete when either the balancer sends status or when we cancel
+/// the call (e.g., because we are shutting down).  In needed, we retry the
+/// call.  If we received at least one valid message from the server, a new
+/// call attempt will be made immediately; otherwise, we apply back-off
+/// delays between attempts.
+///
+/// We maintain an internal round_robin policy instance for distributing
+/// requests across backends.  Whenever we receive a new serverlist from
+/// the balancer, we update the round_robin policy with the new list of
+/// addresses.  If we cannot communicate with the balancer on startup,
+/// however, we may enter fallback mode, in which case we will populate
+/// the child policy's addresses from the backend addresses returned by the
+/// resolver.
+///
+/// Once a child policy instance is in place (and getting updated as described),
+/// calls for a pick, a ping, or a cancellation will be serviced right
+/// away by forwarding them to the child policy instance.  Any time there's no
+/// child policy available (i.e., right after the creation of the gRPCLB
+/// policy), pick requests are queued.
+///
+/// \see https://github.com/grpc/grpc/blob/master/doc/load-balancing.md for the
+/// high level design and details.
+
+#include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "absl/container/inlined_vector.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_format.h"
+#include "absl/strings/str_join.h"
+#include "absl/strings/strip.h"
+#include "upb/upb.hpp"
+
+#include <grpc/byte_buffer_reader.h>
+#include <grpc/grpc.h>
+#include <grpc/grpc_security.h>
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
+#include <grpc/support/time.h>
+
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/client_channel.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/child_policy_handler.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/client_load_reporting_filter.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb_balancer_addresses.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/grpclb_client_stats.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy/grpclb/load_balancer_api.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_factory.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/lb_policy_registry.h"
+#include "src/core/ext/filters/client_channel/resolver/fake/fake_resolver.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/address_utils/parse_address.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/address_utils/sockaddr_utils.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/backoff/backoff.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_stack_builder.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/config/core_configuration.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/manual_constructor.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/memory.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/orphanable.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/ref_counted_ptr.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/sockaddr.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/socket_utils.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/timer.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/resolver/server_address.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/security/credentials/credentials.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_string_helpers.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/call.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/channel.h"
+
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_INITIAL_CONNECT_BACKOFF_SECONDS 1
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_BACKOFF_MULTIPLIER 1.6
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS 120
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_JITTER 0.2
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS 10000
+#define GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_SUBCHANNEL_DELETION_DELAY_MS 10000
+
+namespace grpc_core {
+
+TraceFlag grpc_lb_glb_trace(false, "glb");
+
+const char kGrpcLbAddressAttributeKey[] = "grpclb";
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr char kGrpclb[] = "grpclb";
+
+class GrpcLbConfig : public LoadBalancingPolicy::Config {
+ public:
+  GrpcLbConfig(RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy,
+               std::string service_name)
+      : child_policy_(std::move(child_policy)),
+        service_name_(std::move(service_name)) {}
+  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+
+  RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy() const {
+    return child_policy_;
+  }
+
+  const std::string& service_name() const { return service_name_; }
+
+ private:
+  RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy_;
+  std::string service_name_;
+};
+
+class GrpcLb : public LoadBalancingPolicy {
+ public:
+  explicit GrpcLb(Args args);
+
+  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+
+  void UpdateLocked(UpdateArgs args) override;
+  void ResetBackoffLocked() override;
+
+ private:
+  /// Contains a call to the LB server and all the data related to the call.
+  class BalancerCallState : public InternallyRefCounted<BalancerCallState> {
+   public:
+    explicit BalancerCallState(
+        RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> parent_grpclb_policy);
+    ~BalancerCallState() override;
+
+    // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure that Orphan() is called from
+    // inside the combiner.
+    void Orphan() override;
+
+    void StartQuery();
+
+    GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats() const { return client_stats_.get(); }
+
+    bool seen_initial_response() const { return seen_initial_response_; }
+    bool seen_serverlist() const { return seen_serverlist_; }
+
+   private:
+    GrpcLb* grpclb_policy() const {
+      return static_cast<GrpcLb*>(grpclb_policy_.get());
+    }
+
+    void ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked();
+    void SendClientLoadReportLocked();
+
+    static void MaybeSendClientLoadReport(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void ClientLoadReportDone(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnInitialRequestSent(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnBalancerMessageReceived(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+    static void OnBalancerStatusReceived(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+
+    void MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+    void ClientLoadReportDoneLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+    void OnInitialRequestSentLocked();
+    void OnBalancerMessageReceivedLocked();
+    void OnBalancerStatusReceivedLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+
+    // The owning LB policy.
+    RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> grpclb_policy_;
+
+    // The streaming call to the LB server. Always non-NULL.
+    grpc_call* lb_call_ = nullptr;
+
+    // recv_initial_metadata
+    grpc_metadata_array lb_initial_metadata_recv_;
+
+    // send_message
+    grpc_byte_buffer* send_message_payload_ = nullptr;
+    grpc_closure lb_on_initial_request_sent_;
+
+    // recv_message
+    grpc_byte_buffer* recv_message_payload_ = nullptr;
+    grpc_closure lb_on_balancer_message_received_;
+    bool seen_initial_response_ = false;
+    bool seen_serverlist_ = false;
+
+    // recv_trailing_metadata
+    grpc_closure lb_on_balancer_status_received_;
+    grpc_metadata_array lb_trailing_metadata_recv_;
+    grpc_status_code lb_call_status_;
+    grpc_slice lb_call_status_details_;
+
+    // The stats for client-side load reporting associated with this LB call.
+    // Created after the first serverlist is received.
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
+    Duration client_stats_report_interval_;
+    grpc_timer client_load_report_timer_;
+    bool client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
+    bool last_client_load_report_counters_were_zero_ = false;
+    bool client_load_report_is_due_ = false;
+    // The closure used for either the load report timer or the callback for
+    // completion of sending the load report.
+    grpc_closure client_load_report_closure_;
+  };
+
+  class SubchannelWrapper : public DelegatingSubchannel {
+   public:
+    SubchannelWrapper(RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> subchannel,
+                      RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> lb_policy, std::string lb_token,
+                      RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats)
+        : DelegatingSubchannel(std::move(subchannel)),
+          lb_policy_(std::move(lb_policy)),
+          lb_token_(std::move(lb_token)),
+          client_stats_(std::move(client_stats)) {}
+
+    ~SubchannelWrapper() override {
+      if (!lb_policy_->shutting_down_) {
+        lb_policy_->CacheDeletedSubchannelLocked(wrapped_subchannel());
+      }
+    }
+
+    const std::string& lb_token() const { return lb_token_; }
+    GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats() const { return client_stats_.get(); }
+
+   private:
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> lb_policy_;
+    std::string lb_token_;
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
+  };
+
+  class TokenAndClientStatsAttribute
+      : public ServerAddress::AttributeInterface {
+   public:
+    TokenAndClientStatsAttribute(std::string lb_token,
+                                 RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats)
+        : lb_token_(std::move(lb_token)),
+          client_stats_(std::move(client_stats)) {}
+
+    std::unique_ptr<AttributeInterface> Copy() const override {
+      return absl::make_unique<TokenAndClientStatsAttribute>(lb_token_,
+                                                             client_stats_);
+    }
+
+    int Cmp(const AttributeInterface* other_base) const override {
+      const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute* other =
+          static_cast<const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute*>(other_base);
+      int r = lb_token_.compare(other->lb_token_);
+      if (r != 0) return r;
+      return QsortCompare(client_stats_.get(), other->client_stats_.get());
+    }
+
+    std::string ToString() const override {
+      return absl::StrFormat("lb_token=\"%s\" client_stats=%p", lb_token_,
+                             client_stats_.get());
+    }
+
+    const std::string& lb_token() const { return lb_token_; }
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats() const {
+      return client_stats_;
+    }
+
+   private:
+    std::string lb_token_;
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
+  };
+
+  class Serverlist : public RefCounted<Serverlist> {
+   public:
+    // Takes ownership of serverlist.
+    explicit Serverlist(std::vector<GrpcLbServer> serverlist)
+        : serverlist_(std::move(serverlist)) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Serverlist& other) const;
+
+    const std::vector<GrpcLbServer>& serverlist() const { return serverlist_; }
+
+    // Returns a text representation suitable for logging.
+    std::string AsText() const;
+
+    // Extracts all non-drop entries into a ServerAddressList.
+    ServerAddressList GetServerAddressList(
+        GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats) const;
+
+    // Returns true if the serverlist contains at least one drop entry and
+    // no backend address entries.
+    bool ContainsAllDropEntries() const;
+
+    // Returns the LB token to use for a drop, or null if the call
+    // should not be dropped.
+    //
+    // Note: This is called from the picker, so it will be invoked in
+    // the channel's data plane mutex, NOT the control plane
+    // work_serializer.  It should not be accessed by any other part of the LB
+    // policy.
+    const char* ShouldDrop();
+
+   private:
+    std::vector<GrpcLbServer> serverlist_;
+
+    // Guarded by the channel's data plane mutex, NOT the control
+    // plane work_serializer.  It should not be accessed by anything but the
+    // picker via the ShouldDrop() method.
+    size_t drop_index_ = 0;
+  };
+
+  class Picker : public SubchannelPicker {
+   public:
+    Picker(RefCountedPtr<Serverlist> serverlist,
+           std::unique_ptr<SubchannelPicker> child_picker,
+           RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats)
+        : serverlist_(std::move(serverlist)),
+          child_picker_(std::move(child_picker)),
+          client_stats_(std::move(client_stats)) {}
+
+    PickResult Pick(PickArgs args) override;
+
+   private:
+    // Serverlist to be used for determining drops.
+    RefCountedPtr<Serverlist> serverlist_;
+
+    std::unique_ptr<SubchannelPicker> child_picker_;
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats_;
+  };
+
+  class Helper : public ChannelControlHelper {
+   public:
+    explicit Helper(RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> parent)
+        : parent_(std::move(parent)) {}
+
+    RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> CreateSubchannel(
+        ServerAddress address, const grpc_channel_args& args) override;
+    void UpdateState(grpc_connectivity_state state, const absl::Status& status,
+                     std::unique_ptr<SubchannelPicker> picker) override;
+    void RequestReresolution() override;
+    absl::string_view GetAuthority() override;
+    void AddTraceEvent(TraceSeverity severity,
+                       absl::string_view message) override;
+
+   private:
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> parent_;
+  };
+
+  class StateWatcher : public AsyncConnectivityStateWatcherInterface {
+   public:
+    explicit StateWatcher(RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> parent)
+        : AsyncConnectivityStateWatcherInterface(parent->work_serializer()),
+          parent_(std::move(parent)) {}
+
+    ~StateWatcher() override { parent_.reset(DEBUG_LOCATION, "StateWatcher"); }
+
+   private:
+    void OnConnectivityStateChange(grpc_connectivity_state new_state,
+                                   const absl::Status& status) override {
+      if (parent_->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ &&
+          new_state == GRPC_CHANNEL_TRANSIENT_FAILURE) {
+        // In TRANSIENT_FAILURE.  Cancel the fallback timer and go into
+        // fallback mode immediately.
+        gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                "[grpclb %p] balancer channel in state:TRANSIENT_FAILURE (%s); "
+                "entering fallback mode",
+                parent_.get(), status.ToString().c_str());
+        parent_->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+        grpc_timer_cancel(&parent_->lb_fallback_timer_);
+        parent_->fallback_mode_ = true;
+        parent_->CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+        // Cancel the watch, since we don't care about the channel state once we
+        // go into fallback mode.
+        parent_->CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+      }
+    }
+
+    RefCountedPtr<GrpcLb> parent_;
+  };
+
+  ~GrpcLb() override;
+
+  void ShutdownLocked() override;
+
+  // Helper functions used in UpdateLocked().
+  void UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const grpc_channel_args& args);
+
+  void CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+
+  // Methods for dealing with fallback state.
+  void MaybeEnterFallbackModeAfterStartup();
+  static void OnFallbackTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+  void OnFallbackTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+
+  // Methods for dealing with the balancer call.
+  void StartBalancerCallLocked();
+  void StartBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked();
+  static void OnBalancerCallRetryTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+  void OnBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+
+  // Methods for dealing with the child policy.
+  grpc_channel_args* CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
+      bool is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer);
+  OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> CreateChildPolicyLocked(
+      const grpc_channel_args* args);
+  void CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+
+  // Subchannel caching.
+  void CacheDeletedSubchannelLocked(
+      RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> subchannel);
+  void StartSubchannelCacheTimerLocked();
+  static void OnSubchannelCacheTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error);
+  void OnSubchannelCacheTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error);
+
+  // Who the client is trying to communicate with.
+  std::string server_name_;
+  // Configurations for the policy.
+  RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbConfig> config_;
+
+  // Current channel args from the resolver.
+  grpc_channel_args* args_ = nullptr;
+
+  // Internal state.
+  bool shutting_down_ = false;
+
+  // The channel for communicating with the LB server.
+  grpc_channel* lb_channel_ = nullptr;
+  StateWatcher* watcher_ = nullptr;
+  // Response generator to inject address updates into lb_channel_.
+  RefCountedPtr<FakeResolverResponseGenerator> response_generator_;
+  // Parent channelz node.
+  RefCountedPtr<channelz::ChannelNode> parent_channelz_node_;
+
+  // The data associated with the current LB call. It holds a ref to this LB
+  // policy. It's initialized every time we query for backends. It's reset to
+  // NULL whenever the current LB call is no longer needed (e.g., the LB policy
+  // is shutting down, or the LB call has ended). A non-NULL lb_calld_ always
+  // contains a non-NULL lb_call_.
+  OrphanablePtr<BalancerCallState> lb_calld_;
+  // Timeout for the LB call. 0 means no deadline.
+  const Duration lb_call_timeout_;
+  // Balancer call retry state.
+  BackOff lb_call_backoff_;
+  bool retry_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
+  grpc_timer lb_call_retry_timer_;
+  grpc_closure lb_on_call_retry_;
+
+  // The deserialized response from the balancer. May be nullptr until one
+  // such response has arrived.
+  RefCountedPtr<Serverlist> serverlist_;
+
+  // Whether we're in fallback mode.
+  bool fallback_mode_ = false;
+  // The backend addresses from the resolver.
+  absl::StatusOr<ServerAddressList> fallback_backend_addresses_;
+  // The last resolution note from our parent.
+  // To be passed to child policy when fallback_backend_addresses_ is empty.
+  std::string resolution_note_;
+  // State for fallback-at-startup checks.
+  // Timeout after startup after which we will go into fallback mode if
+  // we have not received a serverlist from the balancer.
+  const Duration fallback_at_startup_timeout_;
+  bool fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+  grpc_timer lb_fallback_timer_;
+  grpc_closure lb_on_fallback_;
+
+  // The child policy to use for the backends.
+  OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> child_policy_;
+  // Child policy in state READY.
+  bool child_policy_ready_ = false;
+
+  // Deleted subchannel caching.
+  const Duration subchannel_cache_interval_;
+  std::map<Timestamp /*deletion time*/,
+           std::vector<RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface>>>
+      cached_subchannels_;
+  grpc_timer subchannel_cache_timer_;
+  grpc_closure on_subchannel_cache_timer_;
+  bool subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ = false;
+};
+
+//
+// GrpcLb::Serverlist
+//
+
+bool GrpcLb::Serverlist::operator==(const Serverlist& other) const {
+  return serverlist_ == other.serverlist_;
+}
+
+void ParseServer(const GrpcLbServer& server, grpc_resolved_address* addr) {
+  memset(addr, 0, sizeof(*addr));
+  if (server.drop) return;
+  const uint16_t netorder_port = grpc_htons(static_cast<uint16_t>(server.port));
+  /* the addresses are given in binary format (a in(6)_addr struct) in
+   * server->ip_address.bytes. */
+  if (server.ip_size == 4) {
+    addr->len = static_cast<socklen_t>(sizeof(grpc_sockaddr_in));
+    grpc_sockaddr_in* addr4 = reinterpret_cast<grpc_sockaddr_in*>(&addr->addr);
+    addr4->sin_family = GRPC_AF_INET;
+    memcpy(&addr4->sin_addr, server.ip_addr, server.ip_size);
+    addr4->sin_port = netorder_port;
+  } else if (server.ip_size == 16) {
+    addr->len = static_cast<socklen_t>(sizeof(grpc_sockaddr_in6));
+    grpc_sockaddr_in6* addr6 =
+        reinterpret_cast<grpc_sockaddr_in6*>(&addr->addr);
+    addr6->sin6_family = GRPC_AF_INET6;
+    memcpy(&addr6->sin6_addr, server.ip_addr, server.ip_size);
+    addr6->sin6_port = netorder_port;
+  }
+}
+
+std::string GrpcLb::Serverlist::AsText() const {
+  std::vector<std::string> entries;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < serverlist_.size(); ++i) {
+    const GrpcLbServer& server = serverlist_[i];
+    std::string ipport;
+    if (server.drop) {
+      ipport = "(drop)";
+    } else {
+      grpc_resolved_address addr;
+      ParseServer(server, &addr);
+      ipport = grpc_sockaddr_to_string(&addr, false);
+    }
+    entries.push_back(absl::StrFormat("  %" PRIuPTR ": %s token=%s\n", i,
+                                      ipport, server.load_balance_token));
+  }
+  return absl::StrJoin(entries, "");
+}
+
+bool IsServerValid(const GrpcLbServer& server, size_t idx, bool log) {
+  if (server.drop) return false;
+  if (GPR_UNLIKELY(server.port >> 16 != 0)) {
+    if (log) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+              "Invalid port '%d' at index %" PRIuPTR
+              " of serverlist. Ignoring.",
+              server.port, idx);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (GPR_UNLIKELY(server.ip_size != 4 && server.ip_size != 16)) {
+    if (log) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+              "Expected IP to be 4 or 16 bytes, got %d at index %" PRIuPTR
+              " of serverlist. Ignoring",
+              server.ip_size, idx);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Returns addresses extracted from the serverlist.
+ServerAddressList GrpcLb::Serverlist::GetServerAddressList(
+    GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats) const {
+  RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> stats;
+  if (client_stats != nullptr) stats = client_stats->Ref();
+  ServerAddressList addresses;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < serverlist_.size(); ++i) {
+    const GrpcLbServer& server = serverlist_[i];
+    if (!IsServerValid(server, i, false)) continue;
+    // Address processing.
+    grpc_resolved_address addr;
+    ParseServer(server, &addr);
+    // LB token processing.
+    const size_t lb_token_length = strnlen(
+        server.load_balance_token, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(server.load_balance_token));
+    std::string lb_token(server.load_balance_token, lb_token_length);
+    if (lb_token.empty()) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+              "Missing LB token for backend address '%s'. The empty token will "
+              "be used instead",
+              grpc_sockaddr_to_uri(&addr).c_str());
+    }
+    // Attach attribute to address containing LB token and stats object.
+    std::map<const char*, std::unique_ptr<ServerAddress::AttributeInterface>>
+        attributes;
+    attributes[kGrpcLbAddressAttributeKey] =
+        absl::make_unique<TokenAndClientStatsAttribute>(std::move(lb_token),
+                                                        stats);
+    // Add address.
+    addresses.emplace_back(addr, /*args=*/nullptr, std::move(attributes));
+  }
+  return addresses;
+}
+
+bool GrpcLb::Serverlist::ContainsAllDropEntries() const {
+  if (serverlist_.empty()) return false;
+  for (const GrpcLbServer& server : serverlist_) {
+    if (!server.drop) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+const char* GrpcLb::Serverlist::ShouldDrop() {
+  if (serverlist_.empty()) return nullptr;
+  GrpcLbServer& server = serverlist_[drop_index_];
+  drop_index_ = (drop_index_ + 1) % serverlist_.size();
+  return server.drop ? server.load_balance_token : nullptr;
+}
+
+//
+// GrpcLb::Picker
+//
+
+GrpcLb::PickResult GrpcLb::Picker::Pick(PickArgs args) {
+  // Check if we should drop the call.
+  const char* drop_token =
+      serverlist_ == nullptr ? nullptr : serverlist_->ShouldDrop();
+  if (drop_token != nullptr) {
+    // Update client load reporting stats to indicate the number of
+    // dropped calls.  Note that we have to do this here instead of in
+    // the client_load_reporting filter, because we do not create a
+    // subchannel call (and therefore no client_load_reporting filter)
+    // for dropped calls.
+    if (client_stats_ != nullptr) {
+      client_stats_->AddCallDropped(drop_token);
+    }
+    return PickResult::Drop(
+        absl::UnavailableError("drop directed by grpclb balancer"));
+  }
+  // Forward pick to child policy.
+  PickResult result = child_picker_->Pick(args);
+  // If pick succeeded, add LB token to initial metadata.
+  auto* complete_pick = absl::get_if<PickResult::Complete>(&result.result);
+  if (complete_pick != nullptr) {
+    const SubchannelWrapper* subchannel_wrapper =
+        static_cast<SubchannelWrapper*>(complete_pick->subchannel.get());
+    // Encode client stats object into metadata for use by
+    // client_load_reporting filter.
+    GrpcLbClientStats* client_stats = subchannel_wrapper->client_stats();
+    if (client_stats != nullptr) {
+      client_stats->Ref().release();  // Ref passed via metadata.
+      // The metadata value is a hack: we pretend the pointer points to
+      // a string and rely on the client_load_reporting filter to know
+      // how to interpret it.
+      args.initial_metadata->Add(
+          GrpcLbClientStatsMetadata::key(),
+          absl::string_view(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(client_stats), 0));
+      // Update calls-started.
+      client_stats->AddCallStarted();
+    }
+    // Encode the LB token in metadata.
+    // Create a new copy on the call arena, since the subchannel list
+    // may get refreshed between when we return this pick and when the
+    // initial metadata goes out on the wire.
+    if (!subchannel_wrapper->lb_token().empty()) {
+      char* lb_token = static_cast<char*>(
+          args.call_state->Alloc(subchannel_wrapper->lb_token().size() + 1));
+      strcpy(lb_token, subchannel_wrapper->lb_token().c_str());
+      args.initial_metadata->Add(LbTokenMetadata::key(), lb_token);
+    }
+    // Unwrap subchannel to pass up to the channel.
+    complete_pick->subchannel = subchannel_wrapper->wrapped_subchannel();
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+//
+// GrpcLb::Helper
+//
+
+RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> GrpcLb::Helper::CreateSubchannel(
+    ServerAddress address, const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+  if (parent_->shutting_down_) return nullptr;
+  const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute* attribute =
+      static_cast<const TokenAndClientStatsAttribute*>(
+          address.GetAttribute(kGrpcLbAddressAttributeKey));
+  if (attribute == nullptr) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "[grpclb %p] no TokenAndClientStatsAttribute for address %p",
+            parent_.get(), address.ToString().c_str());
+    abort();
+  }
+  std::string lb_token = attribute->lb_token();
+  RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats = attribute->client_stats();
+  return MakeRefCounted<SubchannelWrapper>(
+      parent_->channel_control_helper()->CreateSubchannel(std::move(address),
+                                                          args),
+      parent_->Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "SubchannelWrapper"), std::move(lb_token),
+      std::move(client_stats));
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::Helper::UpdateState(grpc_connectivity_state state,
+                                 const absl::Status& status,
+                                 std::unique_ptr<SubchannelPicker> picker) {
+  if (parent_->shutting_down_) return;
+  // Record whether child policy reports READY.
+  parent_->child_policy_ready_ = state == GRPC_CHANNEL_READY;
+  // Enter fallback mode if needed.
+  parent_->MaybeEnterFallbackModeAfterStartup();
+  // We pass the serverlist to the picker so that it can handle drops.
+  // However, we don't want to handle drops in the case where the child
+  // policy is reporting a state other than READY (unless we are
+  // dropping *all* calls), because we don't want to process drops for picks
+  // that yield a QUEUE result; this would result in dropping too many calls,
+  // since we will see the queued picks multiple times, and we'd consider each
+  // one a separate call for the drop calculation.  So in this case, we pass
+  // a null serverlist to the picker, which tells it not to do drops.
+  RefCountedPtr<Serverlist> serverlist;
+  if (state == GRPC_CHANNEL_READY ||
+      (parent_->serverlist_ != nullptr &&
+       parent_->serverlist_->ContainsAllDropEntries())) {
+    serverlist = parent_->serverlist_;
+  }
+  RefCountedPtr<GrpcLbClientStats> client_stats;
+  if (parent_->lb_calld_ != nullptr &&
+      parent_->lb_calld_->client_stats() != nullptr) {
+    client_stats = parent_->lb_calld_->client_stats()->Ref();
+  }
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p helper %p] state=%s (%s) wrapping child "
+            "picker %p (serverlist=%p, client_stats=%p)",
+            parent_.get(), this, ConnectivityStateName(state),
+            status.ToString().c_str(), picker.get(), serverlist.get(),
+            client_stats.get());
+  }
+  parent_->channel_control_helper()->UpdateState(
+      state, status,
+      absl::make_unique<Picker>(std::move(serverlist), std::move(picker),
+                                std::move(client_stats)));
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::Helper::RequestReresolution() {
+  if (parent_->shutting_down_) return;
+  // If we are talking to a balancer, we expect to get updated addresses
+  // from the balancer, so we can ignore the re-resolution request from
+  // the child policy. Otherwise, pass the re-resolution request up to the
+  // channel.
+  if (parent_->lb_calld_ == nullptr ||
+      !parent_->lb_calld_->seen_initial_response()) {
+    parent_->channel_control_helper()->RequestReresolution();
+  }
+}
+
+absl::string_view GrpcLb::Helper::GetAuthority() {
+  return parent_->channel_control_helper()->GetAuthority();
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::Helper::AddTraceEvent(TraceSeverity severity,
+                                   absl::string_view message) {
+  if (parent_->shutting_down_) return;
+  parent_->channel_control_helper()->AddTraceEvent(severity, message);
+}
+
+//
+// GrpcLb::BalancerCallState
+//
+
+GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::BalancerCallState(
+    RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> parent_grpclb_policy)
+    : InternallyRefCounted<BalancerCallState>(
+          GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace) ? "BalancerCallState"
+                                                     : nullptr),
+      grpclb_policy_(std::move(parent_grpclb_policy)) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(grpclb_policy_ != nullptr);
+  GPR_ASSERT(!grpclb_policy()->shutting_down_);
+  // Init the LB call. Note that the LB call will progress every time there's
+  // activity in grpclb_policy_->interested_parties(), which is comprised of
+  // the polling entities from client_channel.
+  GPR_ASSERT(!grpclb_policy()->server_name_.empty());
+  // Closure Initialization
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_initial_request_sent_, OnInitialRequestSent, this,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_balancer_message_received_,
+                    OnBalancerMessageReceived, this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_balancer_status_received_, OnBalancerStatusReceived,
+                    this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, MaybeSendClientLoadReport,
+                    this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  const Timestamp deadline =
+      grpclb_policy()->lb_call_timeout_ == Duration::Zero()
+          ? Timestamp::InfFuture()
+          : ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + grpclb_policy()->lb_call_timeout_;
+  lb_call_ = grpc_channel_create_pollset_set_call(
+      grpclb_policy()->lb_channel_, nullptr, GRPC_PROPAGATE_DEFAULTS,
+      grpclb_policy_->interested_parties(),
+      Slice::FromStaticString("/grpc.lb.v1.LoadBalancer/BalanceLoad").c_slice(),
+      nullptr, deadline, nullptr);
+  // Init the LB call request payload.
+  upb::Arena arena;
+  grpc_slice request_payload_slice = GrpcLbRequestCreate(
+      grpclb_policy()->config_->service_name().empty()
+          ? grpclb_policy()->server_name_.c_str()
+          : grpclb_policy()->config_->service_name().c_str(),
+      arena.ptr());
+  send_message_payload_ =
+      grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create(&request_payload_slice, 1);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(request_payload_slice);
+  // Init other data associated with the LB call.
+  grpc_metadata_array_init(&lb_initial_metadata_recv_);
+  grpc_metadata_array_init(&lb_trailing_metadata_recv_);
+}
+
+GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::~BalancerCallState() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_call_ != nullptr);
+  grpc_call_unref(lb_call_);
+  grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&lb_initial_metadata_recv_);
+  grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&lb_trailing_metadata_recv_);
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(send_message_payload_);
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(recv_message_payload_);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(lb_call_status_details_);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::Orphan() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_call_ != nullptr);
+  // If we are here because grpclb_policy wants to cancel the call,
+  // lb_on_balancer_status_received_ will complete the cancellation and clean
+  // up. Otherwise, we are here because grpclb_policy has to orphan a failed
+  // call, then the following cancellation will be a no-op.
+  grpc_call_cancel_internal(lb_call_);
+  if (client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_) {
+    grpc_timer_cancel(&client_load_report_timer_);
+  }
+  // Note that the initial ref is hold by lb_on_balancer_status_received_
+  // instead of the caller of this function. So the corresponding unref happens
+  // in lb_on_balancer_status_received_ instead of here.
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::StartQuery() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_call_ != nullptr);
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Starting LB call %p",
+            grpclb_policy_.get(), this, lb_call_);
+  }
+  // Create the ops.
+  grpc_call_error call_error;
+  grpc_op ops[3];
+  memset(ops, 0, sizeof(ops));
+  // Op: send initial metadata.
+  grpc_op* op = ops;
+  op->op = GRPC_OP_SEND_INITIAL_METADATA;
+  op->data.send_initial_metadata.count = 0;
+  op->flags = GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY |
+              GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_WAIT_FOR_READY_EXPLICITLY_SET;
+  op->reserved = nullptr;
+  op++;
+  // Op: send request message.
+  GPR_ASSERT(send_message_payload_ != nullptr);
+  op->op = GRPC_OP_SEND_MESSAGE;
+  op->data.send_message.send_message = send_message_payload_;
+  op->flags = 0;
+  op->reserved = nullptr;
+  op++;
+  // TODO(roth): We currently track this ref manually.  Once the
+  // ClosureRef API is ready, we should pass the RefCountedPtr<> along
+  // with the callback.
+  auto self = Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_initial_request_sent");
+  self.release();
+  call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(lb_call_, ops,
+                                                 static_cast<size_t>(op - ops),
+                                                 &lb_on_initial_request_sent_);
+  GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+  // Op: recv initial metadata.
+  op = ops;
+  op->op = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA;
+  op->data.recv_initial_metadata.recv_initial_metadata =
+      &lb_initial_metadata_recv_;
+  op->flags = 0;
+  op->reserved = nullptr;
+  op++;
+  // Op: recv response.
+  op->op = GRPC_OP_RECV_MESSAGE;
+  op->data.recv_message.recv_message = &recv_message_payload_;
+  op->flags = 0;
+  op->reserved = nullptr;
+  op++;
+  // TODO(roth): We currently track this ref manually.  Once the
+  // ClosureRef API is ready, we should pass the RefCountedPtr<> along
+  // with the callback.
+  self = Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_message_received");
+  self.release();
+  call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(
+      lb_call_, ops, static_cast<size_t>(op - ops),
+      &lb_on_balancer_message_received_);
+  GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+  // Op: recv server status.
+  op = ops;
+  op->op = GRPC_OP_RECV_STATUS_ON_CLIENT;
+  op->data.recv_status_on_client.trailing_metadata =
+      &lb_trailing_metadata_recv_;
+  op->data.recv_status_on_client.status = &lb_call_status_;
+  op->data.recv_status_on_client.status_details = &lb_call_status_details_;
+  op->flags = 0;
+  op->reserved = nullptr;
+  op++;
+  // This callback signals the end of the LB call, so it relies on the initial
+  // ref instead of a new ref. When it's invoked, it's the initial ref that is
+  // unreffed.
+  call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(
+      lb_call_, ops, static_cast<size_t>(op - ops),
+      &lb_on_balancer_status_received_);
+  GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked() {
+  // InvalidateNow to avoid getting stuck re-initializing this timer
+  // in a loop while draining the currently-held WorkSerializer.
+  // Also see https://github.com/grpc/grpc/issues/26079.
+  ExecCtx::Get()->InvalidateNow();
+  const Timestamp next_client_load_report_time =
+      ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + client_stats_report_interval_;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, MaybeSendClientLoadReport,
+                    this, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  grpc_timer_init(&client_load_report_timer_, next_client_load_report_time,
+                  &client_load_report_closure_);
+  client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = true;
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReport(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // ref owned by lambda
+  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [lb_calld, error]() { lb_calld->MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(error); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::MaybeSendClientLoadReportLocked(
+    grpc_error_handle error) {
+  client_load_report_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+    Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report");
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+    return;
+  }
+  // If we've already sent the initial request, then we can go ahead and send
+  // the load report. Otherwise, we need to wait until the initial request has
+  // been sent to send this (see OnInitialRequestSentLocked()).
+  if (send_message_payload_ == nullptr) {
+    SendClientLoadReportLocked();
+  } else {
+    client_load_report_is_due_ = true;
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::SendClientLoadReportLocked() {
+  // Construct message payload.
+  GPR_ASSERT(send_message_payload_ == nullptr);
+  // Get snapshot of stats.
+  int64_t num_calls_started;
+  int64_t num_calls_finished;
+  int64_t num_calls_finished_with_client_failed_to_send;
+  int64_t num_calls_finished_known_received;
+  std::unique_ptr<GrpcLbClientStats::DroppedCallCounts> drop_token_counts;
+  client_stats_->Get(&num_calls_started, &num_calls_finished,
+                     &num_calls_finished_with_client_failed_to_send,
+                     &num_calls_finished_known_received, &drop_token_counts);
+  // Skip client load report if the counters were all zero in the last
+  // report and they are still zero in this one.
+  if (num_calls_started == 0 && num_calls_finished == 0 &&
+      num_calls_finished_with_client_failed_to_send == 0 &&
+      num_calls_finished_known_received == 0 &&
+      (drop_token_counts == nullptr || drop_token_counts->empty())) {
+    if (last_client_load_report_counters_were_zero_) {
+      ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked();
+      return;
+    }
+    last_client_load_report_counters_were_zero_ = true;
+  } else {
+    last_client_load_report_counters_were_zero_ = false;
+  }
+  // Populate load report.
+  upb::Arena arena;
+  grpc_slice request_payload_slice = GrpcLbLoadReportRequestCreate(
+      num_calls_started, num_calls_finished,
+      num_calls_finished_with_client_failed_to_send,
+      num_calls_finished_known_received, drop_token_counts.get(), arena.ptr());
+  send_message_payload_ =
+      grpc_raw_byte_buffer_create(&request_payload_slice, 1);
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(request_payload_slice);
+  // Send the report.
+  grpc_op op;
+  memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
+  op.op = GRPC_OP_SEND_MESSAGE;
+  op.data.send_message.send_message = send_message_payload_;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&client_load_report_closure_, ClientLoadReportDone, this,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  grpc_call_error call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(
+      lb_call_, &op, 1, &client_load_report_closure_);
+  if (GPR_UNLIKELY(call_error != GRPC_CALL_OK)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p call_error=%d sending client load report",
+            grpclb_policy_.get(), this, call_error);
+    GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::ClientLoadReportDone(void* arg,
+                                                     grpc_error_handle error) {
+  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // ref owned by lambda
+  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [lb_calld, error]() { lb_calld->ClientLoadReportDoneLocked(error); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::ClientLoadReportDoneLocked(
+    grpc_error_handle error) {
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(send_message_payload_);
+  send_message_payload_ = nullptr;
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+    Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report");
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+    return;
+  }
+  ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked();
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnInitialRequestSent(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
+  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [lb_calld]() { lb_calld->OnInitialRequestSentLocked(); }, DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnInitialRequestSentLocked() {
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(send_message_payload_);
+  send_message_payload_ = nullptr;
+  // If we attempted to send a client load report before the initial request was
+  // sent (and this lb_calld is still in use), send the load report now.
+  if (client_load_report_is_due_ && this == grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+    SendClientLoadReportLocked();
+    client_load_report_is_due_ = false;
+  }
+  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_initial_request_sent");
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnBalancerMessageReceived(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
+  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [lb_calld]() { lb_calld->OnBalancerMessageReceivedLocked(); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnBalancerMessageReceivedLocked() {
+  // Null payload means the LB call was cancelled.
+  if (this != grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get() ||
+      recv_message_payload_ == nullptr) {
+    Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_message_received");
+    return;
+  }
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader bbr;
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_init(&bbr, recv_message_payload_);
+  grpc_slice response_slice = grpc_byte_buffer_reader_readall(&bbr);
+  grpc_byte_buffer_reader_destroy(&bbr);
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(recv_message_payload_);
+  recv_message_payload_ = nullptr;
+  GrpcLbResponse response;
+  upb::Arena arena;
+  if (!GrpcLbResponseParse(response_slice, arena.ptr(), &response) ||
+      (response.type == response.INITIAL && seen_initial_response_)) {
+    char* response_slice_str =
+        grpc_dump_slice(response_slice, GPR_DUMP_ASCII | GPR_DUMP_HEX);
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Invalid LB response received: '%s'. "
+            "Ignoring.",
+            grpclb_policy(), this, response_slice_str);
+    gpr_free(response_slice_str);
+  } else {
+    switch (response.type) {
+      case response.INITIAL: {
+        if (response.client_stats_report_interval != Duration::Zero()) {
+          client_stats_report_interval_ = std::max(
+              Duration::Seconds(1), response.client_stats_report_interval);
+          if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                    "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Received initial LB response "
+                    "message; client load reporting interval = %" PRId64
+                    " milliseconds",
+                    grpclb_policy(), this,
+                    client_stats_report_interval_.millis());
+          }
+        } else if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+          gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                  "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Received initial LB response "
+                  "message; client load reporting NOT enabled",
+                  grpclb_policy(), this);
+        }
+        seen_initial_response_ = true;
+        break;
+      }
+      case response.SERVERLIST: {
+        GPR_ASSERT(lb_call_ != nullptr);
+        auto serverlist_wrapper =
+            MakeRefCounted<Serverlist>(std::move(response.serverlist));
+        if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+          gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                  "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Serverlist with %" PRIuPTR
+                  " servers received:\n%s",
+                  grpclb_policy(), this,
+                  serverlist_wrapper->serverlist().size(),
+                  serverlist_wrapper->AsText().c_str());
+        }
+        seen_serverlist_ = true;
+        // Start sending client load report only after we start using the
+        // serverlist returned from the current LB call.
+        if (client_stats_report_interval_ > Duration::Zero() &&
+            client_stats_ == nullptr) {
+          client_stats_ = MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbClientStats>();
+          // Ref held by callback.
+          Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "client_load_report").release();
+          ScheduleNextClientLoadReportLocked();
+        }
+        // Check if the serverlist differs from the previous one.
+        if (grpclb_policy()->serverlist_ != nullptr &&
+            *grpclb_policy()->serverlist_ == *serverlist_wrapper) {
+          if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                    "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Incoming server list identical "
+                    "to current, ignoring.",
+                    grpclb_policy(), this);
+          }
+        } else {  // New serverlist.
+          // Dispose of the fallback.
+          // TODO(roth): Ideally, we should stay in fallback mode until we
+          // know that we can reach at least one of the backends in the new
+          // serverlist.  Unfortunately, we can't do that, since we need to
+          // send the new addresses to the child policy in order to determine
+          // if they are reachable, and if we don't exit fallback mode now,
+          // CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked() will use the fallback
+          // addresses instead of the addresses from the new serverlist.
+          // However, if we can't reach any of the servers in the new
+          // serverlist, then the child policy will never switch away from
+          // the fallback addresses, but the grpclb policy will still think
+          // that we're not in fallback mode, which means that we won't send
+          // updates to the child policy when the fallback addresses are
+          // updated by the resolver.  This is sub-optimal, but the only way
+          // to fix it is to maintain a completely separate child policy for
+          // fallback mode, and that's more work than we want to put into
+          // the grpclb implementation at this point, since we're deprecating
+          // it in favor of the xds policy.  We will implement this the
+          // right way in the xds policy instead.
+          if (grpclb_policy()->fallback_mode_) {
+            gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                    "[grpclb %p] Received response from balancer; exiting "
+                    "fallback mode",
+                    grpclb_policy());
+            grpclb_policy()->fallback_mode_ = false;
+          }
+          if (grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_) {
+            grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+            grpc_timer_cancel(&grpclb_policy()->lb_fallback_timer_);
+            grpclb_policy()->CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+          }
+          // Update the serverlist in the GrpcLb instance. This serverlist
+          // instance will be destroyed either upon the next update or when the
+          // GrpcLb instance is destroyed.
+          grpclb_policy()->serverlist_ = std::move(serverlist_wrapper);
+          grpclb_policy()->CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case response.FALLBACK: {
+        if (!grpclb_policy()->fallback_mode_) {
+          gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                  "[grpclb %p] Entering fallback mode as requested by balancer",
+                  grpclb_policy());
+          if (grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_) {
+            grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+            grpc_timer_cancel(&grpclb_policy()->lb_fallback_timer_);
+            grpclb_policy()->CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+          }
+          grpclb_policy()->fallback_mode_ = true;
+          grpclb_policy()->CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+          // Reset serverlist, so that if the balancer exits fallback
+          // mode by sending the same serverlist we were previously
+          // using, we don't incorrectly ignore it as a duplicate.
+          grpclb_policy()->serverlist_.reset();
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  grpc_slice_unref_internal(response_slice);
+  if (!grpclb_policy()->shutting_down_) {
+    // Keep listening for serverlist updates.
+    grpc_op op;
+    memset(&op, 0, sizeof(op));
+    op.op = GRPC_OP_RECV_MESSAGE;
+    op.data.recv_message.recv_message = &recv_message_payload_;
+    op.flags = 0;
+    op.reserved = nullptr;
+    // Reuse the "OnBalancerMessageReceivedLocked" ref taken in StartQuery().
+    const grpc_call_error call_error = grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(
+        lb_call_, &op, 1, &lb_on_balancer_message_received_);
+    GPR_ASSERT(GRPC_CALL_OK == call_error);
+  } else {
+    Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_message_received+grpclb_shutdown");
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnBalancerStatusReceived(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  BalancerCallState* lb_calld = static_cast<BalancerCallState*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // owned by lambda
+  lb_calld->grpclb_policy()->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [lb_calld, error]() { lb_calld->OnBalancerStatusReceivedLocked(error); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::BalancerCallState::OnBalancerStatusReceivedLocked(
+    grpc_error_handle error) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_call_ != nullptr);
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    char* status_details = grpc_slice_to_c_string(lb_call_status_details_);
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p] lb_calld=%p: Status from LB server received. "
+            "Status = %d, details = '%s', (lb_call: %p), error '%s'",
+            grpclb_policy(), this, lb_call_status_, status_details, lb_call_,
+            grpc_error_std_string(error).c_str());
+    gpr_free(status_details);
+  }
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+  // If this lb_calld is still in use, this call ended because of a failure so
+  // we want to retry connecting. Otherwise, we have deliberately ended this
+  // call and no further action is required.
+  if (this == grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.get()) {
+    // If the fallback-at-startup checks are pending, go into fallback mode
+    // immediately.  This short-circuits the timeout for the fallback-at-startup
+    // case.
+    if (grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_) {
+      GPR_ASSERT(!seen_serverlist_);
+      gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+              "[grpclb %p] Balancer call finished without receiving "
+              "serverlist; entering fallback mode",
+              grpclb_policy());
+      grpclb_policy()->fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+      grpc_timer_cancel(&grpclb_policy()->lb_fallback_timer_);
+      grpclb_policy()->CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+      grpclb_policy()->fallback_mode_ = true;
+      grpclb_policy()->CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+    } else {
+      // This handles the fallback-after-startup case.
+      grpclb_policy()->MaybeEnterFallbackModeAfterStartup();
+    }
+    grpclb_policy()->lb_calld_.reset();
+    GPR_ASSERT(!grpclb_policy()->shutting_down_);
+    grpclb_policy()->channel_control_helper()->RequestReresolution();
+    if (seen_initial_response_) {
+      // If we lose connection to the LB server, reset the backoff and restart
+      // the LB call immediately.
+      grpclb_policy()->lb_call_backoff_.Reset();
+      grpclb_policy()->StartBalancerCallLocked();
+    } else {
+      // If this LB call fails establishing any connection to the LB server,
+      // retry later.
+      grpclb_policy()->StartBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked();
+    }
+  }
+  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "lb_call_ended");
+}
+
+//
+// helper code for creating balancer channel
+//
+
+ServerAddressList ExtractBalancerAddresses(const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+  const ServerAddressList* addresses =
+      FindGrpclbBalancerAddressesInChannelArgs(args);
+  if (addresses != nullptr) return *addresses;
+  return ServerAddressList();
+}
+
+/* Returns the channel args for the LB channel, used to create a bidirectional
+ * stream for the reception of load balancing updates.
+ *
+ * Inputs:
+ *   - \a response_generator: in order to propagate updates from the resolver
+ *   above the grpclb policy.
+ *   - \a args: other args inherited from the grpclb policy. */
+grpc_channel_args* BuildBalancerChannelArgs(
+    FakeResolverResponseGenerator* response_generator,
+    const grpc_channel_args* args) {
+  // Channel args to remove.
+  static const char* args_to_remove[] = {
+      // LB policy name, since we want to use the default (pick_first) in
+      // the LB channel.
+      GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME,
+      // Strip out the service config, since we don't want the LB policy
+      // config specified for the parent channel to affect the LB channel.
+      GRPC_ARG_SERVICE_CONFIG,
+      // The channel arg for the server URI, since that will be different for
+      // the LB channel than for the parent channel.  The client channel
+      // factory will re-add this arg with the right value.
+      GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI,
+      // The fake resolver response generator, because we are replacing it
+      // with the one from the grpclb policy, used to propagate updates to
+      // the LB channel.
+      GRPC_ARG_FAKE_RESOLVER_RESPONSE_GENERATOR,
+      // The LB channel should use the authority indicated by the target
+      // authority table (see \a ModifyGrpclbBalancerChannelArgs),
+      // as opposed to the authority from the parent channel.
+      GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY,
+      // Just as for \a GRPC_ARG_DEFAULT_AUTHORITY, the LB channel should be
+      // treated as a stand-alone channel and not inherit this argument from the
+      // args of the parent channel.
+      GRPC_SSL_TARGET_NAME_OVERRIDE_ARG,
+      // Don't want to pass down channelz node from parent; the balancer
+      // channel will get its own.
+      GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_CHANNEL_NODE,
+      // Remove the channel args for channel credentials and replace it
+      // with a version that does not contain call credentials. The loadbalancer
+      // is not necessarily trusted to handle bearer token credentials.
+      GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS,
+  };
+  // Create channel args for channel credentials that does not contain bearer
+  // token credentials.
+  grpc_channel_credentials* channel_credentials =
+      grpc_channel_credentials_find_in_args(args);
+  GPR_ASSERT(channel_credentials != nullptr);
+  RefCountedPtr<grpc_channel_credentials> creds_sans_call_creds =
+      channel_credentials->duplicate_without_call_credentials();
+  GPR_ASSERT(creds_sans_call_creds != nullptr);
+  // Channel args to add.
+  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 4> args_to_add = {
+      // The fake resolver response generator, which we use to inject
+      // address updates into the LB channel.
+      FakeResolverResponseGenerator::MakeChannelArg(response_generator),
+      // A channel arg indicating the target is a grpclb load balancer.
+      grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
+          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER), 1),
+      // Tells channelz that this is an internal channel.
+      grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
+          const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_IS_INTERNAL_CHANNEL), 1),
+      // A channel args for new channel credentials that does not contain bearer
+      // tokens.
+      grpc_channel_credentials_to_arg(creds_sans_call_creds.get()),
+  };
+  return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
+      args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), args_to_add.data(),
+      args_to_add.size());
+}
+
+//
+// ctor and dtor
+//
+
+std::string GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(const grpc_channel_args* args) {
+  const char* server_uri =
+      grpc_channel_args_find_string(args, GRPC_ARG_SERVER_URI);
+  GPR_ASSERT(server_uri != nullptr);
+  absl::StatusOr<URI> uri = URI::Parse(server_uri);
+  GPR_ASSERT(uri.ok() && !uri->path().empty());
+  return std::string(absl::StripPrefix(uri->path(), "/"));
+}
+
+GrpcLb::GrpcLb(Args args)
+    : LoadBalancingPolicy(std::move(args)),
+      server_name_(GetServerNameFromChannelArgs(args.args)),
+      response_generator_(MakeRefCounted<FakeResolverResponseGenerator>()),
+      lb_call_timeout_(Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
+          args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_CALL_TIMEOUT_MS, {0, 0, INT_MAX}))),
+      lb_call_backoff_(
+          BackOff::Options()
+              .set_initial_backoff(Duration::Seconds(
+                  GRPC_GRPCLB_INITIAL_CONNECT_BACKOFF_SECONDS))
+              .set_multiplier(GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_BACKOFF_MULTIPLIER)
+              .set_jitter(GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_JITTER)
+              .set_max_backoff(Duration::Seconds(
+                  GRPC_GRPCLB_RECONNECT_MAX_BACKOFF_SECONDS))),
+      fallback_at_startup_timeout_(
+          Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
+              args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS,
+              {GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_FALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS, 0, INT_MAX}))),
+      subchannel_cache_interval_(
+          Duration::Milliseconds(grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
+              args.args, GRPC_ARG_GRPCLB_SUBCHANNEL_CACHE_INTERVAL_MS,
+              {GRPC_GRPCLB_DEFAULT_SUBCHANNEL_DELETION_DELAY_MS, 0,
+               INT_MAX}))) {
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p] Will use '%s' as the server name for LB request.",
+            this, server_name_.c_str());
+  }
+  // Closure Initialization
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_fallback_, &GrpcLb::OnFallbackTimer, this,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&lb_on_call_retry_, &GrpcLb::OnBalancerCallRetryTimer, this,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&on_subchannel_cache_timer_, &OnSubchannelCacheTimer, this,
+                    nullptr);
+}
+
+GrpcLb::~GrpcLb() { grpc_channel_args_destroy(args_); }
+
+void GrpcLb::ShutdownLocked() {
+  shutting_down_ = true;
+  lb_calld_.reset();
+  if (subchannel_cache_timer_pending_) {
+    subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ = false;
+    grpc_timer_cancel(&subchannel_cache_timer_);
+  }
+  cached_subchannels_.clear();
+  if (retry_timer_callback_pending_) {
+    grpc_timer_cancel(&lb_call_retry_timer_);
+  }
+  if (fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_) {
+    fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+    grpc_timer_cancel(&lb_fallback_timer_);
+    CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+  }
+  if (child_policy_ != nullptr) {
+    grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset_set(child_policy_->interested_parties(),
+                                     interested_parties());
+    child_policy_.reset();
+  }
+  // We destroy the LB channel here instead of in our destructor because
+  // destroying the channel triggers a last callback to
+  // OnBalancerChannelConnectivityChangedLocked(), and we need to be
+  // alive when that callback is invoked.
+  if (lb_channel_ != nullptr) {
+    if (parent_channelz_node_ != nullptr) {
+      channelz::ChannelNode* child_channelz_node =
+          grpc_channel_get_channelz_node(lb_channel_);
+      GPR_ASSERT(child_channelz_node != nullptr);
+      parent_channelz_node_->RemoveChildChannel(child_channelz_node->uuid());
+    }
+    grpc_channel_destroy(lb_channel_);
+    lb_channel_ = nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// public methods
+//
+
+void GrpcLb::ResetBackoffLocked() {
+  if (lb_channel_ != nullptr) {
+    grpc_channel_reset_connect_backoff(lb_channel_);
+  }
+  if (child_policy_ != nullptr) {
+    child_policy_->ResetBackoffLocked();
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::UpdateLocked(UpdateArgs args) {
+  const bool is_initial_update = lb_channel_ == nullptr;
+  config_ = args.config;
+  GPR_ASSERT(config_ != nullptr);
+  // Update fallback address list.
+  fallback_backend_addresses_ = std::move(args.addresses);
+  if (fallback_backend_addresses_.ok()) {
+    // Add null LB token attributes.
+    for (ServerAddress& address : *fallback_backend_addresses_) {
+      address = address.WithAttribute(
+          kGrpcLbAddressAttributeKey,
+          absl::make_unique<TokenAndClientStatsAttribute>("", nullptr));
+    }
+  }
+  resolution_note_ = std::move(args.resolution_note);
+  // Update balancer channel.
+  UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(*args.args);
+  // Update the existing child policy, if any.
+  if (child_policy_ != nullptr) CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+  // If this is the initial update, start the fallback-at-startup checks
+  // and the balancer call.
+  if (is_initial_update) {
+    fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = true;
+    // Start timer.
+    Timestamp deadline = ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + fallback_at_startup_timeout_;
+    Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_fallback_timer").release();  // Ref for callback
+    grpc_timer_init(&lb_fallback_timer_, deadline, &lb_on_fallback_);
+    // Start watching the channel's connectivity state.  If the channel
+    // goes into state TRANSIENT_FAILURE before the timer fires, we go into
+    // fallback mode even if the fallback timeout has not elapsed.
+    ClientChannel* client_channel = ClientChannel::GetFromChannel(lb_channel_);
+    GPR_ASSERT(client_channel != nullptr);
+    // Ref held by callback.
+    watcher_ = new StateWatcher(Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "StateWatcher"));
+    client_channel->AddConnectivityWatcher(
+        GRPC_CHANNEL_IDLE,
+        OrphanablePtr<AsyncConnectivityStateWatcherInterface>(watcher_));
+    // Start balancer call.
+    StartBalancerCallLocked();
+  }
+}
+
+//
+// helpers for UpdateLocked()
+//
+
+void GrpcLb::UpdateBalancerChannelLocked(const grpc_channel_args& args) {
+  // Make sure that GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME is set in channel args,
+  // since we use this to trigger the client_load_reporting filter.
+  static const char* args_to_remove[] = {GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME};
+  grpc_arg new_arg = grpc_channel_arg_string_create(
+      const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME), const_cast<char*>("grpclb"));
+  grpc_channel_args_destroy(args_);
+  args_ = grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add_and_remove(
+      &args, args_to_remove, GPR_ARRAY_SIZE(args_to_remove), &new_arg, 1);
+  // Construct args for balancer channel.
+  ServerAddressList balancer_addresses = ExtractBalancerAddresses(args);
+  grpc_channel_args* lb_channel_args =
+      BuildBalancerChannelArgs(response_generator_.get(), &args);
+  // Create balancer channel if needed.
+  if (lb_channel_ == nullptr) {
+    std::string uri_str = absl::StrCat("fake:///", server_name_);
+    grpc_channel_credentials* creds =
+        grpc_channel_credentials_find_in_args(lb_channel_args);
+    GPR_ASSERT(creds != nullptr);
+    const char* arg_to_remove = GRPC_ARG_CHANNEL_CREDENTIALS;
+    grpc_channel_args* new_args =
+        grpc_channel_args_copy_and_remove(lb_channel_args, &arg_to_remove, 1);
+    lb_channel_ = grpc_channel_create(uri_str.c_str(), creds, new_args);
+    GPR_ASSERT(lb_channel_ != nullptr);
+    grpc_channel_args_destroy(new_args);
+    // Set up channelz linkage.
+    channelz::ChannelNode* child_channelz_node =
+        grpc_channel_get_channelz_node(lb_channel_);
+    channelz::ChannelNode* parent_channelz_node =
+        grpc_channel_args_find_pointer<channelz::ChannelNode>(
+            &args, GRPC_ARG_CHANNELZ_CHANNEL_NODE);
+    if (child_channelz_node != nullptr && parent_channelz_node != nullptr) {
+      parent_channelz_node->AddChildChannel(child_channelz_node->uuid());
+      parent_channelz_node_ = parent_channelz_node->Ref();
+    }
+  }
+  // Propagate updates to the LB channel (pick_first) through the fake
+  // resolver.
+  Resolver::Result result;
+  result.addresses = std::move(balancer_addresses);
+  result.args = lb_channel_args;
+  response_generator_->SetResponse(std::move(result));
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked() {
+  ClientChannel* client_channel = ClientChannel::GetFromChannel(lb_channel_);
+  GPR_ASSERT(client_channel != nullptr);
+  client_channel->RemoveConnectivityWatcher(watcher_);
+}
+
+//
+// code for balancer channel and call
+//
+
+void GrpcLb::StartBalancerCallLocked() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_channel_ != nullptr);
+  if (shutting_down_) return;
+  // Init the LB call data.
+  GPR_ASSERT(lb_calld_ == nullptr);
+  lb_calld_ = MakeOrphanable<BalancerCallState>(Ref());
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p] Query for backends (lb_channel: %p, lb_calld: %p)",
+            this, lb_channel_, lb_calld_.get());
+  }
+  lb_calld_->StartQuery();
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::StartBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked() {
+  Timestamp next_try = lb_call_backoff_.NextAttemptTime();
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] Connection to LB server lost...", this);
+    Duration timeout = next_try - ExecCtx::Get()->Now();
+    if (timeout > Duration::Zero()) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] ... retry_timer_active in %" PRId64 "ms.",
+              this, timeout.millis());
+    } else {
+      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] ... retry_timer_active immediately.",
+              this);
+    }
+  }
+  // TODO(roth): We currently track this ref manually.  Once the
+  // ClosureRef API is ready, we should pass the RefCountedPtr<> along
+  // with the callback.
+  auto self = Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_balancer_call_retry_timer");
+  self.release();
+  retry_timer_callback_pending_ = true;
+  grpc_timer_init(&lb_call_retry_timer_, next_try, &lb_on_call_retry_);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnBalancerCallRetryTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  GrpcLb* grpclb_policy = static_cast<GrpcLb*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // ref owned by lambda
+  grpclb_policy->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [grpclb_policy, error]() {
+        grpclb_policy->OnBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked(error);
+      },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnBalancerCallRetryTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
+  retry_timer_callback_pending_ = false;
+  if (!shutting_down_ && error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE && lb_calld_ == nullptr) {
+    if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] Restarting call to LB server", this);
+    }
+    StartBalancerCallLocked();
+  }
+  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_balancer_call_retry_timer");
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+}
+
+//
+// code for handling fallback mode
+//
+
+void GrpcLb::MaybeEnterFallbackModeAfterStartup() {
+  // Enter fallback mode if all of the following are true:
+  // - We are not currently in fallback mode.
+  // - We are not currently waiting for the initial fallback timeout.
+  // - We are not currently in contact with the balancer.
+  // - The child policy is not in state READY.
+  if (!fallback_mode_ && !fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ &&
+      (lb_calld_ == nullptr || !lb_calld_->seen_serverlist()) &&
+      !child_policy_ready_) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p] lost contact with balancer and backends from "
+            "most recent serverlist; entering fallback mode",
+            this);
+    fallback_mode_ = true;
+    CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnFallbackTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  GrpcLb* grpclb_policy = static_cast<GrpcLb*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);  // ref owned by lambda
+  grpclb_policy->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [grpclb_policy, error]() { grpclb_policy->OnFallbackTimerLocked(error); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnFallbackTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
+  // If we receive a serverlist after the timer fires but before this callback
+  // actually runs, don't fall back.
+  if (fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ && !shutting_down_ &&
+      error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "[grpclb %p] No response from balancer after fallback timeout; "
+            "entering fallback mode",
+            this);
+    fallback_at_startup_checks_pending_ = false;
+    CancelBalancerChannelConnectivityWatchLocked();
+    fallback_mode_ = true;
+    CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked();
+  }
+  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "on_fallback_timer");
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+}
+
+//
+// code for interacting with the child policy
+//
+
+grpc_channel_args* GrpcLb::CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(
+    bool is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer) {
+  absl::InlinedVector<grpc_arg, 2> args_to_add;
+  args_to_add.emplace_back(grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
+      const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_ADDRESS_IS_BACKEND_FROM_GRPCLB_LOAD_BALANCER),
+      is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer));
+  if (is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer) {
+    args_to_add.emplace_back(grpc_channel_arg_integer_create(
+        const_cast<char*>(GRPC_ARG_INHIBIT_HEALTH_CHECKING), 1));
+  }
+  return grpc_channel_args_copy_and_add(args_, args_to_add.data(),
+                                        args_to_add.size());
+}
+
+OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> GrpcLb::CreateChildPolicyLocked(
+    const grpc_channel_args* args) {
+  LoadBalancingPolicy::Args lb_policy_args;
+  lb_policy_args.work_serializer = work_serializer();
+  lb_policy_args.args = args;
+  lb_policy_args.channel_control_helper = absl::make_unique<Helper>(Ref());
+  OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> lb_policy =
+      MakeOrphanable<ChildPolicyHandler>(std::move(lb_policy_args),
+                                         &grpc_lb_glb_trace);
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] Created new child policy handler (%p)", this,
+            lb_policy.get());
+  }
+  // Add the gRPC LB's interested_parties pollset_set to that of the newly
+  // created child policy. This will make the child policy progress upon
+  // activity on gRPC LB, which in turn is tied to the application's call.
+  grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset_set(lb_policy->interested_parties(),
+                                   interested_parties());
+  return lb_policy;
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked() {
+  if (shutting_down_) return;
+  // Construct update args.
+  UpdateArgs update_args;
+  bool is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer = false;
+  if (fallback_mode_) {
+    // If CreateOrUpdateChildPolicyLocked() is invoked when we haven't
+    // received any serverlist from the balancer, we use the fallback backends
+    // returned by the resolver. Note that the fallback backend list may be
+    // empty, in which case the new child policy will fail the picks.
+    update_args.addresses = fallback_backend_addresses_;
+    if (fallback_backend_addresses_.ok() &&
+        fallback_backend_addresses_->empty()) {
+      update_args.resolution_note = absl::StrCat(
+          "grpclb in fallback mode without any balancer addresses: ",
+          resolution_note_);
+    }
+  } else {
+    update_args.addresses = serverlist_->GetServerAddressList(
+        lb_calld_ == nullptr ? nullptr : lb_calld_->client_stats());
+    is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer = true;
+  }
+  update_args.args =
+      CreateChildPolicyArgsLocked(is_backend_from_grpclb_load_balancer);
+  GPR_ASSERT(update_args.args != nullptr);
+  update_args.config = config_->child_policy();
+  // Create child policy if needed.
+  if (child_policy_ == nullptr) {
+    child_policy_ = CreateChildPolicyLocked(update_args.args);
+  }
+  // Update the policy.
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "[grpclb %p] Updating child policy handler %p", this,
+            child_policy_.get());
+  }
+  child_policy_->UpdateLocked(std::move(update_args));
+}
+
+//
+// subchannel caching
+//
+
+void GrpcLb::CacheDeletedSubchannelLocked(
+    RefCountedPtr<SubchannelInterface> subchannel) {
+  Timestamp deletion_time = ExecCtx::Get()->Now() + subchannel_cache_interval_;
+  cached_subchannels_[deletion_time].push_back(std::move(subchannel));
+  if (!subchannel_cache_timer_pending_) {
+    Ref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnSubchannelCacheTimer").release();
+    subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ = true;
+    StartSubchannelCacheTimerLocked();
+  }
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::StartSubchannelCacheTimerLocked() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(!cached_subchannels_.empty());
+  grpc_timer_init(&subchannel_cache_timer_, cached_subchannels_.begin()->first,
+                  &on_subchannel_cache_timer_);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnSubchannelCacheTimer(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  auto* self = static_cast<GrpcLb*>(arg);
+  (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
+  self->work_serializer()->Run(
+      [self, error]() { self->GrpcLb::OnSubchannelCacheTimerLocked(error); },
+      DEBUG_LOCATION);
+}
+
+void GrpcLb::OnSubchannelCacheTimerLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
+  if (subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ && error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    auto it = cached_subchannels_.begin();
+    if (it != cached_subchannels_.end()) {
+      if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_lb_glb_trace)) {
+        gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+                "[grpclb %p] removing %" PRIuPTR " subchannels from cache",
+                this, it->second.size());
+      }
+      cached_subchannels_.erase(it);
+    }
+    if (!cached_subchannels_.empty()) {
+      StartSubchannelCacheTimerLocked();
+      return;
+    }
+    subchannel_cache_timer_pending_ = false;
+  }
+  Unref(DEBUG_LOCATION, "OnSubchannelCacheTimer");
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+}
+
+//
+// factory
+//
+
+class GrpcLbFactory : public LoadBalancingPolicyFactory {
+ public:
+  OrphanablePtr<LoadBalancingPolicy> CreateLoadBalancingPolicy(
+      LoadBalancingPolicy::Args args) const override {
+    return MakeOrphanable<GrpcLb>(std::move(args));
+  }
+
+  const char* name() const override { return kGrpclb; }
+
+  RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> ParseLoadBalancingConfig(
+      const Json& json, grpc_error_handle* error) const override {
+    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(error != nullptr && *error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+    if (json.type() == Json::Type::JSON_NULL) {
+      return MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbConfig>(nullptr, "");
+    }
+    std::vector<grpc_error_handle> error_list;
+    Json child_policy_config_json_tmp;
+    const Json* child_policy_config_json;
+    std::string service_name;
+    auto it = json.object_value().find("serviceName");
+    if (it != json.object_value().end()) {
+      const Json& service_name_json = it->second;
+      if (service_name_json.type() != Json::Type::STRING) {
+        error_list.push_back(GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+            "field:serviceName error:type should be string"));
+      } else {
+        service_name = service_name_json.string_value();
+      }
+    }
+    it = json.object_value().find("childPolicy");
+    if (it == json.object_value().end()) {
+      child_policy_config_json_tmp = Json::Array{Json::Object{
+          {"round_robin", Json::Object()},
+      }};
+      child_policy_config_json = &child_policy_config_json_tmp;
+    } else {
+      child_policy_config_json = &it->second;
+    }
+    grpc_error_handle parse_error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+    RefCountedPtr<LoadBalancingPolicy::Config> child_policy_config =
+        LoadBalancingPolicyRegistry::ParseLoadBalancingConfig(
+            *child_policy_config_json, &parse_error);
+    if (parse_error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+      std::vector<grpc_error_handle> child_errors;
+      child_errors.push_back(parse_error);
+      error_list.push_back(
+          GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_VECTOR("field:childPolicy", &child_errors));
+    }
+    if (error_list.empty()) {
+      return MakeRefCounted<GrpcLbConfig>(std::move(child_policy_config),
+                                          std::move(service_name));
+    } else {
+      *error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_VECTOR("GrpcLb Parser", &error_list);
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+}  // namespace grpc_core
+
+//
+// Plugin registration
+//
+
+void grpc_lb_policy_grpclb_init() {
+  grpc_core::LoadBalancingPolicyRegistry::Builder::
+      RegisterLoadBalancingPolicyFactory(
+          absl::make_unique<grpc_core::GrpcLbFactory>());
+}
+
+void grpc_lb_policy_grpclb_shutdown() {}
+
+namespace grpc_core {
+void RegisterGrpcLbLoadReportingFilter(CoreConfiguration::Builder* builder) {
+  builder->channel_init()->RegisterStage(
+      GRPC_CLIENT_SUBCHANNEL, GRPC_CHANNEL_INIT_BUILTIN_PRIORITY,
+      [](ChannelStackBuilder* builder) {
+        const grpc_channel_args* args = builder->channel_args();
+        const grpc_arg* channel_arg =
+            grpc_channel_args_find(args, GRPC_ARG_LB_POLICY_NAME);
+        if (channel_arg != nullptr && channel_arg->type == GRPC_ARG_STRING &&
+            strcmp(channel_arg->value.string, "grpclb") == 0) {
+          // TODO(roth): When we get around to re-attempting
+          // https://github.com/grpc/grpc/pull/16214, we should try to keep
+          // this filter at the very top of the subchannel stack, since that
+          // will minimize the number of metadata elements that the filter
+          // needs to iterate through to find the ClientStats object.
+          builder->PrependFilter(&grpc_client_load_reporting_filter, nullptr);
+        }
+        return true;
+      });
+}
+}  // namespace grpc_core