activerecord 3.2.6 → 6.0.0

data/lib/active_record/result.rb

@@ -1,34 +1,168 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 module ActiveRecord
   ###
-  # This class encapsulates a Result returned from calling +exec_query+ on any
-  # database connection adapter. For example:
+  # This class encapsulates a result returned from calling
+  # {#exec_query}[rdoc-ref:ConnectionAdapters::DatabaseStatements#exec_query]
+  # on any database connection adapter. For example:
+  #
+  #   result = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.exec_query('SELECT id, title, body FROM posts')
+  #   result # => #<ActiveRecord::Result:0xdeadbeef>
+  #
+  #   # Get the column names of the result:
+  #   result.columns
+  #   # => ["id", "title", "body"]
+  #
+  #   # Get the record values of the result:
+  #   result.rows
+  #   # => [[1, "title_1", "body_1"],
+  #         [2, "title_2", "body_2"],
+  #         ...
+  #        ]
+  #
+  #   # Get an array of hashes representing the result (column => value):
+  #   result.to_a
+  #   # => [{"id" => 1, "title" => "title_1", "body" => "body_1"},
+  #         {"id" => 2, "title" => "title_2", "body" => "body_2"},
+  #         ...
+  #        ]
   #
-  #   x = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.exec_query('SELECT * FROM foo')
-  #   x # => #<ActiveRecord::Result:0xdeadbeef>
+  #   # ActiveRecord::Result also includes Enumerable.
+  #   result.each do |row|
+  #     puts row['title'] + " " + row['body']
+  #   end
   class Result
     include Enumerable
 
-    attr_reader :columns, :rows
+    attr_reader :columns, :rows, :column_types
+
+    def initialize(columns, rows, column_types = {})
+      @columns      = columns
+      @rows         = rows
+      @hash_rows    = nil
+      @column_types = column_types
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if this result set includes the column named +name+
+    def includes_column?(name)
+      @columns.include? name
+    end
 
-    def initialize(columns, rows)
-      @columns   = columns
-      @rows      = rows
-      @hash_rows = nil
+    # Returns the number of elements in the rows array.
+    def length
+      @rows.length
     end
 
+    # Calls the given block once for each element in row collection, passing
+    # row as parameter.
+    #
+    # Returns an +Enumerator+ if no block is given.
     def each
-      hash_rows.each { |row| yield row }
+      if block_given?
+        hash_rows.each { |row| yield row }
+      else
+        hash_rows.to_enum { @rows.size }
+      end
     end
 
     def to_hash
+      ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<-MSG.squish)
+        `ActiveRecord::Result#to_hash` has been renamed to `to_a`.
+        `to_hash` is deprecated and will be removed in Rails 6.1.
+      MSG
+      to_a
+    end
+
+    alias :map! :map
+    alias :collect! :map
+
+    # Returns true if there are no records, otherwise false.
+    def empty?
+      rows.empty?
+    end
+
+    # Returns an array of hashes representing each row record.
+    def to_ary
       hash_rows
     end
 
-    private
-    def hash_rows
-      @hash_rows ||= @rows.map { |row|
-        Hash[@columns.zip(row)]
-      }
+    alias :to_a :to_ary
+
+    def [](idx)
+      hash_rows[idx]
+    end
+
+    # Returns the first record from the rows collection.
+    # If the rows collection is empty, returns +nil+.
+    def first
+      return nil if @rows.empty?
+      Hash[@columns.zip(@rows.first)]
+    end
+
+    # Returns the last record from the rows collection.
+    # If the rows collection is empty, returns +nil+.
+    def last
+      return nil if @rows.empty?
+      Hash[@columns.zip(@rows.last)]
     end
+
+    def cast_values(type_overrides = {}) # :nodoc:
+      if columns.one?
+        # Separated to avoid allocating an array per row
+
+        type = column_type(columns.first, type_overrides)
+
+        rows.map do |(value)|
+          type.deserialize(value)
+        end
+      else
+        types = columns.map { |name| column_type(name, type_overrides) }
+
+        rows.map do |values|
+          Array.new(values.size) { |i| types[i].deserialize(values[i]) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize_copy(other)
+      @columns      = columns.dup
+      @rows         = rows.dup
+      @column_types = column_types.dup
+      @hash_rows    = nil
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def column_type(name, type_overrides = {})
+        type_overrides.fetch(name) do
+          column_types.fetch(name, Type.default_value)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def hash_rows
+        @hash_rows ||=
+          begin
+            # We freeze the strings to prevent them getting duped when
+            # used as keys in ActiveRecord::Base's @attributes hash
+            columns = @columns.map(&:-@)
+            length  = columns.length
+
+            @rows.map { |row|
+              # In the past we used Hash[columns.zip(row)]
+              #  though elegant, the verbose way is much more efficient
+              #  both time and memory wise cause it avoids a big array allocation
+              #  this method is called a lot and needs to be micro optimised
+              hash = {}
+
+              index = 0
+              while index < length
+                hash[columns[index]] = row[index]
+                index += 1
+              end
+
+              hash
+            }
+          end
+      end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/runtime_registry.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/per_thread_registry"
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  # This is a thread locals registry for Active Record. For example:
+  #
+  #   ActiveRecord::RuntimeRegistry.connection_handler
+  #
+  # returns the connection handler local to the current thread.
+  #
+  # See the documentation of ActiveSupport::PerThreadRegistry
+  # for further details.
+  class RuntimeRegistry # :nodoc:
+    extend ActiveSupport::PerThreadRegistry
+
+    attr_accessor :connection_handler, :sql_runtime
+
+    [:connection_handler, :sql_runtime].each do |val|
+      class_eval %{ def self.#{val}; instance.#{val}; end }, __FILE__, __LINE__
+      class_eval %{ def self.#{val}=(x); instance.#{val}=x; end }, __FILE__, __LINE__
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/sanitization.rb

@@ -1,119 +1,131 @@
-require 'active_support/concern'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module ActiveRecord
   module Sanitization
     extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
     module ClassMethods
-      def quote_value(value, column = nil) #:nodoc:
-        connection.quote(value,column)
-      end
-
-      # Used to sanitize objects before they're used in an SQL SELECT statement. Delegates to <tt>connection.quote</tt>.
-      def sanitize(object) #:nodoc:
-        connection.quote(object)
-      end
-
-      protected
-
-      # Accepts an array, hash, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
+      # Accepts an array or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
       # them into a valid SQL fragment for a WHERE clause.
-      #   ["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4]  returns  "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
-      #   { :name => "foo'bar", :group_id => 4 }  returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
-      #   "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'" returns "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
-      def sanitize_sql_for_conditions(condition, table_name = self.table_name)
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name=? and group_id=?", "foo'bar", 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_conditions(["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_conditions("name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'")
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
+      def sanitize_sql_for_conditions(condition)
         return nil if condition.blank?
 
         case condition
         when Array; sanitize_sql_array(condition)
-        when Hash;  sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions(condition, table_name)
         else        condition
         end
       end
-      alias_method :sanitize_sql, :sanitize_sql_for_conditions
+      alias :sanitize_sql :sanitize_sql_for_conditions
 
       # Accepts an array, hash, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
       # them into a valid SQL fragment for a SET clause.
-      #   { :name => nil, :group_id => 4 }  returns "name = NULL , group_id='4'"
-      def sanitize_sql_for_assignment(assignments)
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_assignment(["name=? and group_id=?", nil, 4])
+      #   # => "name=NULL and group_id=4"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_assignment(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: nil, group_id: 4])
+      #   # => "name=NULL and group_id=4"
+      #
+      #   Post.sanitize_sql_for_assignment({ name: nil, group_id: 4 })
+      #   # => "`posts`.`name` = NULL, `posts`.`group_id` = 4"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_assignment("name=NULL and group_id='4'")
+      #   # => "name=NULL and group_id='4'"
+      def sanitize_sql_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name = table_name)
         case assignments
-          when Array; sanitize_sql_array(assignments)
-          when Hash;  sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(assignments)
-          else        assignments
+        when Array; sanitize_sql_array(assignments)
+        when Hash;  sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(assignments, default_table_name)
+        else        assignments
         end
       end
 
-      # Accepts a hash of SQL conditions and replaces those attributes
-      # that correspond to a +composed_of+ relationship with their expanded
-      # aggregate attribute values.
-      # Given:
-      #     class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #       composed_of :address, :class_name => "Address",
-      #         :mapping => [%w(address_street street), %w(address_city city)]
-      #     end
-      # Then:
-      #     { :address => Address.new("813 abc st.", "chicago") }
-      #       # => { :address_street => "813 abc st.", :address_city => "chicago" }
-      def expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates(attrs)
-        expanded_attrs = {}
-        attrs.each do |attr, value|
-          unless (aggregation = reflect_on_aggregation(attr.to_sym)).nil?
-            mapping = aggregate_mapping(aggregation)
-            mapping.each do |field_attr, aggregate_attr|
-              if mapping.size == 1 && !value.respond_to?(aggregate_attr)
-                expanded_attrs[field_attr] = value
-              else
-                expanded_attrs[field_attr] = value.send(aggregate_attr)
-              end
-            end
-          else
-            expanded_attrs[attr] = value
+      # Accepts an array, or string of SQL conditions and sanitizes
+      # them into a valid SQL fragment for an ORDER clause.
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_order(["field(id, ?)", [1,3,2]])
+      #   # => "field(id, 1,3,2)"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_for_order("id ASC")
+      #   # => "id ASC"
+      def sanitize_sql_for_order(condition)
+        if condition.is_a?(Array) && condition.first.to_s.include?("?")
+          disallow_raw_sql!(
+            [condition.first],
+            permit: connection.column_name_with_order_matcher
+          )
+
+          # Ensure we aren't dealing with a subclass of String that might
+          # override methods we use (eg. Arel::Nodes::SqlLiteral).
+          if condition.first.kind_of?(String) && !condition.first.instance_of?(String)
+            condition = [String.new(condition.first), *condition[1..-1]]
           end
-        end
-        expanded_attrs
-      end
 
-      # Sanitizes a hash of attribute/value pairs into SQL conditions for a WHERE clause.
-      #   { :name => "foo'bar", :group_id => 4 }
-      #     # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id= 4"
-      #   { :status => nil, :group_id => [1,2,3] }
-      #     # => "status IS NULL and group_id IN (1,2,3)"
-      #   { :age => 13..18 }
-      #     # => "age BETWEEN 13 AND 18"
-      #   { 'other_records.id' => 7 }
-      #     # => "`other_records`.`id` = 7"
-      #   { :other_records => { :id => 7 } }
-      #     # => "`other_records`.`id` = 7"
-      # And for value objects on a composed_of relationship:
-      #   { :address => Address.new("123 abc st.", "chicago") }
-      #     # => "address_street='123 abc st.' and address_city='chicago'"
-      def sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions(attrs, default_table_name = self.table_name)
-        attrs = expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates(attrs)
-
-        table = Arel::Table.new(table_name).alias(default_table_name)
-        PredicateBuilder.build_from_hash(arel_engine, attrs, table).map { |b|
-          connection.visitor.accept b
-        }.join(' AND ')
+          Arel.sql(sanitize_sql_array(condition))
+        else
+          condition
+        end
       end
-      alias_method :sanitize_sql_hash, :sanitize_sql_hash_for_conditions
 
       # Sanitizes a hash of attribute/value pairs into SQL conditions for a SET clause.
-      #   { :status => nil, :group_id => 1 }
-      #     # => "status = NULL , group_id = 1"
-      def sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(attrs)
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment({ status: nil, group_id: 1 }, "posts")
+      #   # => "`posts`.`status` = NULL, `posts`.`group_id` = 1"
+      def sanitize_sql_hash_for_assignment(attrs, table)
+        c = connection
         attrs.map do |attr, value|
-          "#{connection.quote_column_name(attr)} = #{quote_bound_value(value)}"
-        end.join(', ')
+          type = type_for_attribute(attr)
+          value = type.serialize(type.cast(value))
+          "#{c.quote_table_name_for_assignment(table, attr)} = #{c.quote(value)}"
+        end.join(", ")
+      end
+
+      # Sanitizes a +string+ so that it is safe to use within an SQL
+      # LIKE statement. This method uses +escape_character+ to escape all occurrences of "\", "_" and "%".
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_like("100%")
+      #   # => "100\\%"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_like("snake_cased_string")
+      #   # => "snake\\_cased\\_string"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_like("100%", "!")
+      #   # => "100!%"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_like("snake_cased_string", "!")
+      #   # => "snake!_cased!_string"
+      def sanitize_sql_like(string, escape_character = "\\")
+        pattern = Regexp.union(escape_character, "%", "_")
+        string.gsub(pattern) { |x| [escape_character, x].join }
       end
 
       # Accepts an array of conditions. The array has each value
       # sanitized and interpolated into the SQL statement.
-      #   ["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4]  returns  "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_array(["name=? and group_id=?", "foo'bar", 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_array(["name=:name and group_id=:group_id", name: "foo'bar", group_id: 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id=4"
+      #
+      #   sanitize_sql_array(["name='%s' and group_id='%s'", "foo'bar", 4])
+      #   # => "name='foo''bar' and group_id='4'"
       def sanitize_sql_array(ary)
         statement, *values = ary
-        if values.first.is_a?(Hash) && statement =~ /:\w+/
+        if values.first.is_a?(Hash) && /:\w+/.match?(statement)
           replace_named_bind_variables(statement, values.first)
-        elsif statement.include?('?')
+        elsif statement.include?("?")
           replace_bind_variables(statement, values)
         elsif statement.blank?
           statement
@@ -122,73 +134,81 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
-      alias_method :sanitize_conditions, :sanitize_sql
+      def disallow_raw_sql!(args, permit: connection.column_name_matcher) # :nodoc:
+        unexpected = nil
+        args.each do |arg|
+          next if arg.is_a?(Symbol) || Arel.arel_node?(arg) || permit.match?(arg.to_s)
+          (unexpected ||= []) << arg
+        end
 
-      def replace_bind_variables(statement, values) #:nodoc:
-        raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, statement.count('?'), values.size)
-        bound = values.dup
-        c = connection
-        statement.gsub('?') { quote_bound_value(bound.shift, c) }
+        return unless unexpected
+
+        if allow_unsafe_raw_sql == :deprecated
+          ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(
+            "Dangerous query method (method whose arguments are used as raw " \
+            "SQL) called with non-attribute argument(s): " \
+            "#{unexpected.map(&:inspect).join(", ")}. Non-attribute " \
+            "arguments will be disallowed in Rails 6.1. This method should " \
+            "not be called with user-provided values, such as request " \
+            "parameters or model attributes. Known-safe values can be passed " \
+            "by wrapping them in Arel.sql()."
+          )
+        else
+          raise(ActiveRecord::UnknownAttributeReference,
+            "Query method called with non-attribute argument(s): " +
+            unexpected.map(&:inspect).join(", ")
+          )
+        end
       end
 
-      def replace_named_bind_variables(statement, bind_vars) #:nodoc:
-        statement.gsub(/(:?):([a-zA-Z]\w*)/) do
-          if $1 == ':' # skip postgresql casts
-            $& # return the whole match
-          elsif bind_vars.include?(match = $2.to_sym)
-            quote_bound_value(bind_vars[match])
-          else
-            raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "missing value for :#{match} in #{statement}"
+      private
+        def replace_bind_variables(statement, values)
+          raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, statement.count("?"), values.size)
+          bound = values.dup
+          c = connection
+          statement.gsub(/\?/) do
+            replace_bind_variable(bound.shift, c)
           end
         end
-      end
-
-      def expand_range_bind_variables(bind_vars) #:nodoc:
-        expanded = []
 
-        bind_vars.each do |var|
-          next if var.is_a?(Hash)
-
-          if var.is_a?(Range)
-            expanded << var.first
-            expanded << var.last
+        def replace_bind_variable(value, c = connection)
+          if ActiveRecord::Relation === value
+            value.to_sql
           else
-            expanded << var
+            quote_bound_value(value, c)
           end
         end
 
-        expanded
-      end
+        def replace_named_bind_variables(statement, bind_vars)
+          statement.gsub(/(:?):([a-zA-Z]\w*)/) do |match|
+            if $1 == ":" # skip postgresql casts
+              match # return the whole match
+            elsif bind_vars.include?(match = $2.to_sym)
+              replace_bind_variable(bind_vars[match])
+            else
+              raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "missing value for :#{match} in #{statement}"
+            end
+          end
+        end
 
-      def quote_bound_value(value, c = connection) #:nodoc:
-        if value.respond_to?(:map) && !value.acts_like?(:string)
-          if value.respond_to?(:empty?) && value.empty?
-            c.quote(nil)
+        def quote_bound_value(value, c = connection)
+          if value.respond_to?(:map) && !value.acts_like?(:string)
+            quoted = value.map { |v| c.quote(v) }
+            if quoted.empty?
+              c.quote(nil)
+            else
+              quoted.join(",")
+            end
           else
-            value.map { |v| c.quote(v) }.join(',')
+            c.quote(value)
           end
-        else
-          c.quote(value)
         end
-      end
 
-      def raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, expected, provided) #:nodoc:
-        unless expected == provided
-          raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "wrong number of bind variables (#{provided} for #{expected}) in: #{statement}"
+        def raise_if_bind_arity_mismatch(statement, expected, provided)
+          unless expected == provided
+            raise PreparedStatementInvalid, "wrong number of bind variables (#{provided} for #{expected}) in: #{statement}"
+          end
         end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # TODO: Deprecate this
-    def quoted_id #:nodoc:
-      quote_value(id, column_for_attribute(self.class.primary_key))
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    # Quote strings appropriately for SQL statements.
-    def quote_value(value, column = nil)
-      self.class.connection.quote(value, column)
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/active_record/schema.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module ActiveRecord
-  # = Active Record Schema
+  # = Active Record \Schema
   #
   # Allows programmers to programmatically define a schema in a portable
   # DSL. This means you can define tables, indexes, etc. without using SQL
@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #
   #   ActiveRecord::Schema.define do
   #     create_table :authors do |t|
-  #       t.string :name, :null => false
+  #       t.string :name, null: false
   #     end
   #
   #     add_index :authors, :name, :unique
   #
   #     create_table :posts do |t|
-  #       t.integer :author_id, :null => false
+  #       t.integer :author_id, null: false
   #       t.string :subject
   #       t.text :body
-  #       t.boolean :private, :default => false
+  #       t.boolean :private, default: false
   #     end
   #
   #     add_index :posts, :author_id
@@ -29,30 +29,33 @@ module ActiveRecord
   #
   # ActiveRecord::Schema is only supported by database adapters that also
   # support migrations, the two features being very similar.
-  class Schema < Migration
-    def migrations_paths
-      ActiveRecord::Migrator.migrations_paths
-    end
-
+  class Schema < Migration::Current
     # Eval the given block. All methods available to the current connection
     # adapter are available within the block, so you can easily use the
-    # database definition DSL to build up your schema (+create_table+,
-    # +add_index+, etc.).
+    # database definition DSL to build up your schema (
+    # {create_table}[rdoc-ref:ConnectionAdapters::SchemaStatements#create_table],
+    # {add_index}[rdoc-ref:ConnectionAdapters::SchemaStatements#add_index], etc.).
     #
     # The +info+ hash is optional, and if given is used to define metadata
     # about the current schema (currently, only the schema's version):
     #
-    #   ActiveRecord::Schema.define(:version => 20380119000001) do
+    #   ActiveRecord::Schema.define(version: 2038_01_19_000001) do
     #     ...
     #   end
-    def self.define(info={}, &block)
-      schema = new
-      schema.instance_eval(&block)
+    def self.define(info = {}, &block)
+      new.define(info, &block)
+    end
 
-      unless info[:version].blank?
-        initialize_schema_migrations_table
-        assume_migrated_upto_version(info[:version], schema.migrations_paths)
+    def define(info, &block) # :nodoc:
+      instance_eval(&block)
+
+      if info[:version].present?
+        connection.schema_migration.create_table
+        connection.assume_migrated_upto_version(info[:version])
       end
+
+      ActiveRecord::InternalMetadata.create_table
+      ActiveRecord::InternalMetadata[:environment] = connection.migration_context.current_environment
     end
   end
 end