warp-lang 1.0.2__py3-none-macosx_10_13_universal2.whl → 1.1.0__py3-none-macosx_10_13_universal2.whl

warp/tests/test_lvalue.py

@@ -1,493 +1,421 @@
-# Copyright (c) 2023 NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
-# NVIDIA CORPORATION and its licensors retain all intellectual property
-# and proprietary rights in and to this software, related documentation
-# and any modifications thereto.  Any use, reproduction, disclosure or
-# distribution of this software and related documentation without an express
-# license agreement from NVIDIA CORPORATION is strictly prohibited.
-
-import unittest
-
-import warp as wp
-from warp.tests.unittest_utils import *
-
-wp.init()
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def rmw_array_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    foos[i] += wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_rmw_array(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=rmw_array_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class RmwFoo:
-    field: wp.uint32
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def rmw_array_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=RmwFoo)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i].field += wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_rmw_array_struct(test, device):
-    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=RmwFoo, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=rmw_array_struct_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[foos],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    expected = RmwFoo()
-    expected.field = 1
-    for f in foos.list():
-        if f.field != expected.field:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-@wp.func
-def lookup(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32), index: int):
-    return foos[index]
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def lookup_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    x = lookup(foos, i)
-    foos[i] = x + wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_lookup(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=lookup_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.func
-def lookup3(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32), index: int):
-    return foos[index]
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def grad_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32), bars: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    x = lookup3(foos, i)
-    bars[i] = x * wp.float32(i) + 1.0
-
-
-def test_grad(test, device):
-    num = 10
-    data = np.linspace(20, 20 + num, num, endpoint=False, dtype=np.float32)
-    input = wp.array(data, device=device, requires_grad=True)
-    output = wp.zeros(num, dtype=wp.float32, device=device)
-
-    ones = wp.array(np.ones(len(output)), dtype=wp.float32, device=device)
-
-    tape = wp.Tape()
-    with tape:
-        wp.launch(
-            kernel=grad_kernel,
-            dim=(num,),
-            inputs=[input],
-            outputs=[output],
-            device=device,
-        )
-
-    tape.backward(grads={output: ones})
-
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    # test forward results
-    for i, f in enumerate(output.list()):
-        expected = data[i] * i + 1
-        if f != expected:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-    # test backward results
-    for i, f in enumerate(tape.gradients[input].list()):
-        expected = i
-        if f != expected:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-@wp.func
-def lookup2(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32), index: int):
-    if index % 2 == 0:
-        x = foos[index]
-        x = wp.uint32(0)
-        return x
-    else:
-        return foos[index]
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def lookup2_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    x = lookup2(foos, i)
-    foos[i] = x + wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_lookup2(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=lookup2_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def unary_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    foos[i] = wp.uint32(-1)
-    x = -foos[i]
-    foos[i] = x
-
-
-def test_unary(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=unary_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def rvalue_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    if foos[i] < wp.uint32(1):
-        foos[i] = wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_rvalue(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=rvalue_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-# Tests, among other things, that assigning a reference to a new variable does
-# not create a reference
-@wp.kernel
-def intermediate_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    x = foos[i]
-    x = x + wp.uint32(1)
-    foos[i] = x
-
-
-def test_intermediate(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=intermediate_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def array_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i] = wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_array_assign(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=array_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.func
-def increment(arg: wp.uint32):
-    return arg + wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def array_call_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i] = increment(foos[i])
-
-
-def test_array_call_assign(test, device):
-    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=array_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[arr],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    for f in arr.list():
-        if f != 1:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {1}")
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class Foo:
-    field: wp.uint32
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def array_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Foo)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i].field = wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_array_struct_assign(test, device):
-    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Foo, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=array_struct_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[foos],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    expected = Foo()
-    expected.field = 1
-    for f in foos.list():
-        if f.field != expected.field:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class Bar:
-    field: wp.uint32
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class Baz:
-    bar: Bar
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def array_struct_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Baz)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i].bar.field = wp.uint32(1)
-
-
-def test_array_struct_struct_assign(test, device):
-    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Baz, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=array_struct_struct_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[foos],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    expected = Baz()
-    expected.bar.field = 1
-    for f in foos.list():
-        if f.bar.field != expected.bar.field:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class S:
-    a: wp.uint32
-    b: wp.float32
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class F:
-    x: wp.float32
-    s: S
-    y: wp.int32
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def complex_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=F)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-    foos[i].x += wp.float32(1.0)
-    foos[i].y = wp.int32(2)
-    foos[i].s.b += wp.float32(3.0)
-    foos[i].s.a = wp.uint32(foos[i].y)
-
-
-def test_complex(test, device):
-    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=F, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=complex_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[foos],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    expected = F()
-    expected.x = 1.0
-    expected.y = 2
-    expected.s.b = 3.0
-    expected.s.a = expected.y
-    for f in foos.list():
-        if f.x != expected.x or f.y != expected.y or f.s.a != expected.s.a or f.s.b != expected.s.b:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class Svec:
-    a: wp.uint32
-    b: wp.vec2f
-
-
-@wp.struct
-class Fvec:
-    x: wp.vec2f
-    s: Svec
-    y: wp.int32
-
-
-@wp.kernel
-def swizzle_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Fvec)):
-    i = wp.tid()
-
-    foos[i].x += wp.vec2f(1.0, 2.0)
-    foos[i].y = wp.int32(3)
-    foos[i].s.b = wp.vec2f(4.0, 5.0)
-    foos[i].s.b.y = wp.float32(6.0)
-    foos[i].s.b.x = foos[i].x.y
-    foos[i].s.a = wp.uint32(foos[i].y)
-
-
-def test_swizzle(test, device):
-    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Fvec, device=device)
-
-    wp.launch(
-        kernel=swizzle_kernel,
-        dim=(10,),
-        inputs=[foos],
-        device=device,
-    )
-    wp.synchronize()
-
-    expected = Fvec()
-    expected.x = wp.vec2f(1.0, 2.0)
-    expected.y = 3
-    expected.s.b = wp.vec2f(4.0, 5.0)
-    expected.s.b.y = 6.0
-    expected.s.b.x = expected.x.y
-    expected.s.a = expected.y
-    for f in foos.list():
-        if f.x != expected.x or f.y != expected.y or f.s.a != expected.s.a or f.s.b != expected.s.b:
-            raise AssertionError(f"Unexpected result, got: {f} expected: {expected}")
-
-
-devices = get_test_devices()
-
-
-class TestLValue(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_swizzle_error_invalid_attribute(self):
-        v = wp.vec3(1, 2, 3)
-        with self.assertRaisesRegex(
-            AttributeError,
-            r"'vec3f' object has no attribute 'foo'$",
-        ):
-            v.foo
-
-        try:
-            v.bar = 123
-        except AttributeError:
-            self.fail()
-
-
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rmw_array", test_rmw_array, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rmw_array_struct", test_rmw_array_struct, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_lookup", test_lookup, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_lookup2", test_lookup2, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_grad", test_grad, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_unary", test_unary, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rvalue", test_rvalue, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_intermediate", test_intermediate, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_assign", test_array_assign, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_struct_assign", test_array_struct_assign, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_struct_struct_assign", test_array_struct_struct_assign, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_complex", test_complex, devices=devices)
-add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_swizzle", test_swizzle, devices=devices)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    wp.build.clear_kernel_cache()
-    unittest.main(verbosity=2)
+# Copyright (c) 2023 NVIDIA CORPORATION.  All rights reserved.
+# NVIDIA CORPORATION and its licensors retain all intellectual property
+# and proprietary rights in and to this software, related documentation
+# and any modifications thereto.  Any use, reproduction, disclosure or
+# distribution of this software and related documentation without an express
+# license agreement from NVIDIA CORPORATION is strictly prohibited.
+
+import unittest
+
+import numpy as np
+
+import warp as wp
+from warp.tests.unittest_utils import *
+
+wp.init()
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def rmw_array_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    foos[i] += wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_rmw_array(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=rmw_array_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class RmwFoo:
+    field: wp.uint32
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def rmw_array_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=RmwFoo)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i].field += wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_rmw_array_struct(test, device):
+    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=RmwFoo, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=rmw_array_struct_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[foos], device=device)
+
+    expected = RmwFoo()
+    expected.field = 1
+    for f in foos.list():
+        test.assertEqual(f.field, expected.field)
+
+
+@wp.func
+def lookup(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32), index: int):
+    return foos[index]
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def lookup_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    x = lookup(foos, i)
+    foos[i] = x + wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_lookup(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=lookup_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.func
+def lookup3(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32), index: int):
+    return foos[index]
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def grad_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32), bars: wp.array(dtype=wp.float32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    x = lookup3(foos, i)
+    bars[i] = x * wp.float32(i) + 1.0
+
+
+def test_grad(test, device):
+    num = 10
+    data = np.linspace(20, 20 + num, num, endpoint=False, dtype=np.float32)
+    input = wp.array(data, device=device, requires_grad=True)
+    output = wp.zeros(num, dtype=wp.float32, device=device)
+
+    ones = wp.array(np.ones(len(output)), dtype=wp.float32, device=device)
+
+    tape = wp.Tape()
+    with tape:
+        wp.launch(kernel=grad_kernel, dim=(num,), inputs=[input], outputs=[output], device=device)
+
+    tape.backward(grads={output: ones})
+
+    # test forward results
+    for i, f in enumerate(output.list()):
+        test.assertEqual(f, data[i] * i + 1)
+
+    # test backward results
+    for i, f in enumerate(tape.gradients[input].list()):
+        test.assertEqual(f, i)
+
+
+@wp.func
+def lookup2(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32), index: int):
+    if index % 2 == 0:
+        x = foos[index]
+        x = wp.uint32(0)
+        return x
+    else:
+        return foos[index]
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def lookup2_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    x = lookup2(foos, i)
+    foos[i] = x + wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_lookup2(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=lookup2_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def unary_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    foos[i] = wp.uint32(-1)
+    x = -foos[i]
+    foos[i] = x
+
+
+def test_unary(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=unary_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def rvalue_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    if foos[i] < wp.uint32(1):
+        foos[i] = wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_rvalue(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=rvalue_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+# Tests, among other things, that assigning a reference to a new variable does
+# not create a reference
+@wp.kernel
+def intermediate_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    x = foos[i]
+    x = x + wp.uint32(1)
+    foos[i] = x
+
+
+def test_intermediate(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=intermediate_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def array_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i] = wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_array_assign(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=array_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.func
+def increment(arg: wp.uint32):
+    return arg + wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def array_call_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=wp.uint32)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i] = increment(foos[i])
+
+
+def test_array_call_assign(test, device):
+    arr = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=wp.uint32, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=array_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[arr], device=device)
+
+    assert_np_equal(arr.numpy(), np.ones(10))
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class Foo:
+    field: wp.uint32
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def array_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Foo)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i].field = wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_array_struct_assign(test, device):
+    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Foo, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=array_struct_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[foos], device=device)
+
+    expected = Foo()
+    expected.field = 1
+
+    test.assertEqual(expected.field, 1)
+
+    for f in foos.list():
+        test.assertEqual(f.field, 1)
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class Bar:
+    field: wp.uint32
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class Baz:
+    bar: Bar
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def array_struct_struct_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Baz)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i].bar.field = wp.uint32(1)
+
+
+def test_array_struct_struct_assign(test, device):
+    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Baz, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=array_struct_struct_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[foos], device=device)
+
+    expected = Baz()
+    expected.bar.field = 1
+
+    test.assertEqual(expected.bar.field, 1)
+
+    for f in foos.list():
+        test.assertEqual(f.bar.field, 1)
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class S:
+    a: wp.uint32
+    b: wp.float32
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class F:
+    x: wp.float32
+    s: S
+    y: wp.int32
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def complex_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=F)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+    foos[i].x += wp.float32(1.0)
+    foos[i].y = wp.int32(2)
+    foos[i].s.b += wp.float32(3.0)
+    foos[i].s.a = wp.uint32(foos[i].y)
+
+
+def test_complex(test, device):
+    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=F, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=complex_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[foos], device=device)
+
+    expected = F()
+    expected.x = 1.0
+    expected.y = 2
+    expected.s.b = 3.0
+    expected.s.a = expected.y
+    for f in foos.list():
+        test.assertEqual(f.x, expected.x)
+        test.assertEqual(f.y, expected.y)
+        test.assertEqual(f.s.a, expected.s.a)
+        test.assertEqual(f.s.b, expected.s.b)
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class Svec:
+    a: wp.uint32
+    b: wp.vec2f
+
+
+@wp.struct
+class Fvec:
+    x: wp.vec2f
+    s: Svec
+    y: wp.int32
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def swizzle_kernel(foos: wp.array(dtype=Fvec)):
+    i = wp.tid()
+
+    foos[i].x += wp.vec2f(1.0, 2.0)
+    foos[i].y = wp.int32(3)
+    foos[i].s.b = wp.vec2f(4.0, 5.0)
+    foos[i].s.b.y = wp.float32(6.0)
+    foos[i].s.b.x = foos[i].x.y
+    foos[i].s.a = wp.uint32(foos[i].y)
+
+
+def test_swizzle(test, device):
+    foos = wp.zeros((10,), dtype=Fvec, device=device)
+
+    wp.launch(kernel=swizzle_kernel, dim=(10,), inputs=[foos], device=device)
+
+    expected = Fvec()
+    expected.x = wp.vec2f(1.0, 2.0)
+    expected.y = 3
+    expected.s.b = wp.vec2f(4.0, 5.0)
+    expected.s.b.y = 6.0
+    expected.s.b.x = expected.x.y
+    expected.s.a = expected.y
+
+    for f in foos.list():
+        test.assertEqual(f.x, expected.x)
+        test.assertEqual(f.y, expected.y)
+        test.assertEqual(f.s.a, expected.s.a)
+        test.assertEqual(f.s.b, expected.s.b)
+
+
+@wp.kernel
+def slice_kernel(a: wp.array2d(dtype=wp.vec3), b: wp.array2d(dtype=wp.vec3), c: wp.array2d(dtype=wp.vec3)):
+    tid = wp.tid()
+    c[tid][0] = a[tid][0] + b[tid][0]
+
+
+def test_slice(test, device):
+    a = wp.full((1, 1), value=1.0, dtype=wp.vec3, requires_grad=True, device=device)
+    b = wp.full((1, 1), value=1.0, dtype=wp.vec3, requires_grad=True, device=device)
+    c = wp.zeros((1, 1), dtype=wp.vec3, requires_grad=True, device=device)
+
+    tape = wp.Tape()
+    with tape:
+        wp.launch(kernel=slice_kernel, dim=1, inputs=[a, b], outputs=[c], device=device)
+
+    c.grad = wp.full((1, 1), value=1.0, dtype=wp.vec3, device=device)
+    tape.backward()
+
+    x = a.grad.list()[0]
+    y = b.grad.list()[0]
+
+    expected = wp.vec3(1.0)
+    test.assertEqual(x, expected)
+    test.assertEqual(y, expected)
+
+
+devices = get_test_devices()
+
+
+class TestLValue(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_swizzle_error_invalid_attribute(self):
+        v = wp.vec3(1, 2, 3)
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(AttributeError, r"'vec3f' object has no attribute 'foo'$"):
+            v.foo  # noqa: B018
+
+        try:
+            v.bar = 123
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.fail()
+
+
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rmw_array", test_rmw_array, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rmw_array_struct", test_rmw_array_struct, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_lookup", test_lookup, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_lookup2", test_lookup2, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_grad", test_grad, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_unary", test_unary, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_rvalue", test_rvalue, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_intermediate", test_intermediate, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_assign", test_array_assign, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_struct_assign", test_array_struct_assign, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_array_struct_struct_assign", test_array_struct_struct_assign, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_complex", test_complex, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_swizzle", test_swizzle, devices=devices)
+add_function_test(TestLValue, "test_slice", test_slice, devices=devices)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    wp.build.clear_kernel_cache()
+    unittest.main(verbosity=2)