qiskit 1.0.0b1__cp38-abi3-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl

qiskit/pulse/library/symbolic_pulses.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1962 @@
+# This code is part of Qiskit.
+#
+# (C) Copyright IBM 2020.
+#
+# This code is licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. You may
+# obtain a copy of this license in the LICENSE.txt file in the root directory
+# of this source tree or at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
+#
+# Any modifications or derivative works of this code must retain this
+# copyright notice, and modified files need to carry a notice indicating
+# that they have been altered from the originals.
+
+# pylint: disable=invalid-name
+
+"""Symbolic waveform module.
+
+These are pulses which are described by symbolic equations for their envelopes and for their
+parameter constraints.
+"""
+import functools
+import warnings
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union, Callable, Tuple
+from copy import deepcopy
+
+import numpy as np
+import symengine as sym
+
+from qiskit.circuit.parameterexpression import ParameterExpression, ParameterValueType
+from qiskit.pulse.exceptions import PulseError
+from qiskit.pulse.library.pulse import Pulse
+from qiskit.pulse.library.waveform import Waveform
+from qiskit.utils.deprecation import deprecate_arg
+
+
+def _lifted_gaussian(
+    t: sym.Symbol,
+    center: Union[sym.Symbol, sym.Expr, complex],
+    t_zero: Union[sym.Symbol, sym.Expr, complex],
+    sigma: Union[sym.Symbol, sym.Expr, complex],
+) -> sym.Expr:
+    r"""Helper function that returns a lifted Gaussian symbolic equation.
+
+    For :math:`\sigma=` ``sigma`` the symbolic equation will be
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \exp\left(-\frac12 \left(\frac{x - \mu}{\sigma}\right)^2 \right),
+
+    with the center :math:`\mu=` ``duration/2``.
+    Then, each output sample :math:`y` is modified according to:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        y \mapsto \frac{y-y^*}{1.0-y^*},
+
+    where :math:`y^*` is the value of the un-normalized Gaussian at the endpoints of the pulse.
+    This sets the endpoints to :math:`0` while preserving the amplitude at the center,
+    i.e. :math:`y` is set to :math:`1.0`.
+
+    Args:
+        t: Symbol object representing time.
+        center: Symbol or expression representing the middle point of the samples.
+        t_zero: The value of t at which the pulse is lowered to 0.
+        sigma: Symbol or expression representing Gaussian sigma.
+
+    Returns:
+        Symbolic equation.
+    """
+    # Sympy automatically does expand.
+    # This causes expression inconsistency after qpy round-trip serializing through sympy.
+    # See issue for details: https://github.com/symengine/symengine.py/issues/409
+    t_shifted = (t - center).expand()
+    t_offset = (t_zero - center).expand()
+
+    gauss = sym.exp(-((t_shifted / sigma) ** 2) / 2)
+    offset = sym.exp(-((t_offset / sigma) ** 2) / 2)
+
+    return (gauss - offset) / (1 - offset)
+
+
+@functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None)
+def _is_amplitude_valid(envelope_lam: Callable, time: Tuple[float, ...], *fargs: float) -> bool:
+    """A helper function to validate maximum amplitude limit.
+
+    Result is cached for better performance.
+
+    Args:
+        envelope_lam: The SymbolicPulse's lambdified envelope_lam expression.
+        time: The SymbolicPulse's time array, given as a tuple for hashability.
+        fargs: The arguments for the lambdified envelope_lam, as given by `_get_expression_args`,
+            except for the time array.
+
+    Returns:
+        Return True if no sample point exceeds 1.0 in absolute value.
+    """
+
+    time = np.asarray(time, dtype=float)
+    samples_norm = np.abs(envelope_lam(time, *fargs))
+    epsilon = 1e-7  # The value of epsilon mimics that of Waveform._clip()
+    return np.all(samples_norm < 1.0 + epsilon)
+
+
+def _get_expression_args(expr: sym.Expr, params: Dict[str, float]) -> List[float]:
+    """A helper function to get argument to evaluate expression.
+
+    Args:
+        expr: Symbolic expression to evaluate.
+        params: Dictionary of parameter, which is a superset of expression arguments.
+
+    Returns:
+        Arguments passed to the lambdified expression.
+
+    Raises:
+        PulseError: When a free symbol value is not defined in the pulse instance parameters.
+    """
+    args = []
+    for symbol in sorted(expr.free_symbols, key=lambda s: s.name):
+        if symbol.name == "t":
+            # 't' is a special parameter to represent time vector.
+            # This should be place at first to broadcast other parameters
+            # in symengine lambdify function.
+            times = np.arange(0, params["duration"]) + 1 / 2
+            args.insert(0, times)
+            continue
+        try:
+            args.append(params[symbol.name])
+        except KeyError as ex:
+            raise PulseError(
+                f"Pulse parameter '{symbol.name}' is not defined for this instance. "
+                "Please check your waveform expression is correct."
+            ) from ex
+    return args
+
+
+class LambdifiedExpression:
+    """Descriptor to lambdify symbolic expression with cache.
+
+    When a new symbolic expression is assigned for the first time, :class:`.LambdifiedExpression`
+    will internally lambdify the expressions and store the resulting callbacks in its cache.
+    The next time it encounters the same expression it will return the cached callbacks
+    thereby increasing the code's speed.
+
+    Note that this class is a python `Descriptor`_, and thus not intended to be
+    directly called by end-users. This class is designed to be attached to the
+    :class:`.SymbolicPulse` as attributes for symbolic expressions.
+
+    _`Descriptor`: https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#descriptors
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, attribute: str):
+        """Create new descriptor.
+
+        Args:
+            attribute: Name of attribute of :class:`.SymbolicPulse` that returns
+                the target expression to evaluate.
+        """
+        self.attribute = attribute
+        self.lambda_funcs = {}
+
+    def __get__(self, instance, owner) -> Callable:
+        expr = getattr(instance, self.attribute, None)
+        if expr is None:
+            raise PulseError(f"'{self.attribute}' of '{instance.pulse_type}' is not assigned.")
+        key = hash(expr)
+        if key not in self.lambda_funcs:
+            self.__set__(instance, expr)
+
+        return self.lambda_funcs[key]
+
+    def __set__(self, instance, value):
+        key = hash(value)
+        if key not in self.lambda_funcs:
+            params = []
+            for p in sorted(value.free_symbols, key=lambda s: s.name):
+                if p.name == "t":
+                    # Argument "t" must be placed at first. This is a vector.
+                    params.insert(0, p)
+                    continue
+                params.append(p)
+
+            try:
+                lamb = sym.lambdify(params, [value], real=False)
+
+                def _wrapped_lamb(*args):
+                    if isinstance(args[0], np.ndarray):
+                        # When the args[0] is a vector ("t"), tile other arguments args[1:]
+                        # to prevent evaluation from looping over each element in t.
+                        t = args[0]
+                        args = np.hstack(
+                            (
+                                t.reshape(t.size, 1),
+                                np.tile(args[1:], t.size).reshape(t.size, len(args) - 1),
+                            )
+                        )
+                    return lamb(args)
+
+                func = _wrapped_lamb
+            except RuntimeError:
+                # Currently symengine doesn't support complex_double version for
+                # several functions such as comparison operator and piecewise.
+                # If expression contains these function, it fall back to sympy lambdify.
+                # See https://github.com/symengine/symengine.py/issues/406 for details.
+                import sympy
+
+                func = sympy.lambdify(params, value)
+
+            self.lambda_funcs[key] = func
+
+
+class SymbolicPulse(Pulse):
+    r"""The pulse representation model with parameters and symbolic expressions.
+
+    A symbolic pulse instance can be defined with an envelope and parameter constraints.
+    Envelope and parameter constraints should be provided as symbolic expressions.
+    Rather than creating a subclass, different pulse shapes can be distinguished by
+    the instance attributes :attr:`SymbolicPulse.envelope` and :attr:`SymbolicPulse.pulse_type`.
+
+    The symbolic expressions must be defined either with SymPy_ or Symengine_.
+    Usually Symengine-based expression is much more performant for instantiation
+    of the :class:`SymbolicPulse`, however, it doesn't support every functions available in SymPy.
+    You may need to choose proper library depending on how you define your pulses.
+    Symengine works in the most envelopes and constraints, and thus it is recommended to use
+    this library especially when your program contains a lot of pulses.
+    Also note that Symengine has the limited platform support and may not be available
+    for your local system. Symengine is a required dependency for Qiskit on platforms
+    that support it will always be installed along with Qiskit on macOS ``x86_64`` and ``arm64``,
+    and Linux ``x86_64``, ``aarch64``, and ``ppc64le``.
+    For 64-bit Windows users they will need to manual install it.
+    For 32-bit platforms such as ``i686`` and ``armv7`` Linux, and on Linux ``s390x``
+    there are no pre-compiled packages available and to use symengine you'll need to
+    compile it from source. If Symengine is not available in your environment SymPy will be used.
+
+    .. _SymPy: https://www.sympy.org/en/index.html
+    .. _Symengine: https://symengine.org
+
+    .. _symbolic_pulse_envelope:
+
+    .. rubric:: Envelope function
+
+    The waveform at time :math:`t` is generated by the :meth:`get_waveform` according to
+
+    .. math::
+
+        F(t, \Theta) = \times F(t, {\rm duration}, \overline{\rm params})
+
+    where :math:`\Theta` is the set of full pulse parameters in the :attr:`SymbolicPulse.parameters`
+    dictionary which must include the :math:`\rm duration`.
+    Note that the :math:`F` is an envelope of the waveform, and a programmer must provide this
+    as a symbolic expression. :math:`\overline{\rm params}` can be arbitrary complex values
+    as long as they pass :meth:`.validate_parameters` and your quantum backend can accept.
+    The time :math:`t` and :math:`\rm duration` are in units of dt, i.e. sample time resolution,
+    and this function is sampled with a discrete time vector in :math:`[0, {\rm duration}]`
+    sampling the pulse envelope at every 0.5 dt (middle sampling strategy) when
+    the :meth:`SymbolicPulse.get_waveform` method is called.
+    The sample data is not generated until this method is called
+    thus a symbolic pulse instance only stores parameter values and waveform shape,
+    which greatly reduces memory footprint during the program generation.
+
+
+    .. _symbolic_pulse_validation:
+
+    .. rubric:: Pulse validation
+
+    When a symbolic pulse is instantiated, the method :meth:`.validate_parameters` is called,
+    and performs validation of the pulse. The validation process involves testing the constraint
+    functions and the maximal amplitude of the pulse (see below). While the validation process
+    will improve code stability, it will reduce performance and might create
+    compatibility issues (particularly with JAX). Therefore, it is possible to disable the
+    validation by setting the class attribute :attr:`.disable_validation` to ``True``.
+
+    .. _symbolic_pulse_constraints:
+
+    .. rubric:: Constraint functions
+
+    Constraints on the parameters are defined with an instance attribute
+    :attr:`SymbolicPulse.constraints` which can be provided through the constructor.
+    The constraints value must be a symbolic expression, which is a
+    function of parameters to be validated and must return a boolean value
+    being ``True`` when parameters are valid.
+    If there are multiple conditions to be evaluated, these conditions can be
+    concatenated with logical expressions such as ``And`` and ``Or`` in SymPy or Symengine.
+    The symbolic pulse instance can be played only when the constraint function returns ``True``.
+    The constraint is evaluated when :meth:`.validate_parameters` is called.
+
+
+    .. _symbolic_pulse_eval_condition:
+
+    .. rubric:: Maximum amplitude validation
+
+    When you play a pulse in a quantum backend, you might face the restriction on the power
+    that your waveform generator can handle. Usually, the pulse amplitude is normalized
+    by this maximum power, namely :math:`\max |F| \leq 1`. This condition is
+    evaluated along with above constraints when you set ``limit_amplitude = True`` in the constructor.
+    To evaluate maximum amplitude of the waveform, we need to call :meth:`get_waveform`.
+    However, this introduces a significant overhead in the validation, and this cannot be ignored
+    when you repeatedly instantiate symbolic pulse instances.
+    :attr:`SymbolicPulse.valid_amp_conditions` provides a condition to skip this waveform validation,
+    and the waveform is not generated as long as this condition returns ``True``,
+    so that `healthy` symbolic pulses are created very quick.
+    For example, for a simple pulse shape like ``amp * cos(f * t)``, we know that
+    pulse amplitude is valid as long as ``amp`` remains less than magnitude 1.0.
+    So ``abs(amp) <= 1`` could be passed as :attr:`SymbolicPulse.valid_amp_conditions` to skip
+    doing a full waveform evaluation for amplitude validation.
+    This expression is provided through the constructor. If this is not provided,
+    the waveform is generated everytime when :meth:`.validate_parameters` is called.
+
+
+    .. rubric:: Examples
+
+    This is how a user can instantiate a symbolic pulse instance.
+    In this example, we instantiate a custom `Sawtooth` envelope.
+
+    .. code-block::
+
+        from qiskit.pulse.library import SymbolicPulse
+
+        my_pulse = SymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type="Sawtooth",
+            duration=100,
+            parameters={"amp": 0.1, "freq": 0.05},
+            name="pulse1",
+        )
+
+    Note that :class:`SymbolicPulse` can be instantiated without providing
+    the envelope and constraints. However, this instance cannot generate waveforms
+    without knowing the envelope definition. Now you need to provide the envelope.
+
+    .. plot::
+       :include-source:
+
+        import sympy
+        from qiskit.pulse.library import SymbolicPulse
+
+        t, amp, freq = sympy.symbols("t, amp, freq")
+        envelope = 2 * amp * (freq * t - sympy.floor(1 / 2 + freq * t))
+
+        my_pulse = SymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type="Sawtooth",
+            duration=100,
+            parameters={"amp": 0.1, "freq": 0.05},
+            envelope=envelope,
+            name="pulse1",
+        )
+
+        my_pulse.draw()
+
+    Likewise, you can define :attr:`SymbolicPulse.constraints` for ``my_pulse``.
+    After providing the envelope definition, you can generate the waveform data.
+    Note that it would be convenient to define a factory function that automatically
+    accomplishes this procedure.
+
+    .. code-block:: python
+
+        def Sawtooth(duration, amp, freq, name):
+            t, amp, freq = sympy.symbols("t, amp, freq")
+
+            instance = SymbolicPulse(
+                pulse_type="Sawtooth",
+                duration=duration,
+                parameters={"amp": amp, "freq": freq},
+                envelope=2 * amp * (freq * t - sympy.floor(1 / 2 + freq * t)),
+                name=name,
+            )
+
+            return instance
+
+    You can also provide a :class:`Parameter` object in the ``parameters`` dictionary,
+    or define ``duration`` with a :class:`Parameter` object when you instantiate
+    the symbolic pulse instance.
+    A waveform cannot be generated until you assign all unbounded parameters.
+    Note that parameters will be assigned through the schedule playing the pulse.
+
+
+    .. _symbolic_pulse_serialize:
+
+    .. rubric:: Serialization
+
+    The :class:`~SymbolicPulse` subclass can be serialized along with the
+    symbolic expressions through :mod:`qiskit.qpy`.
+    A user can therefore create a custom pulse subclass with a novel envelope and constraints,
+    and then one can instantiate the class with certain parameters to run on a backend.
+    This pulse instance can be saved in the QPY binary, which can be loaded afterwards
+    even within the environment not having original class definition loaded.
+    This mechanism also allows us to easily share a pulse program including
+    custom pulse instructions with collaborators.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = (
+        "_pulse_type",
+        "_params",
+        "_envelope",
+        "_constraints",
+        "_valid_amp_conditions",
+    )
+
+    disable_validation = False
+
+    # Lambdify caches keyed on sympy expressions. Returns the corresponding callable.
+    _envelope_lam = LambdifiedExpression("_envelope")
+    _constraints_lam = LambdifiedExpression("_constraints")
+    _valid_amp_conditions_lam = LambdifiedExpression("_valid_amp_conditions")
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pulse_type: str,
+        duration: Union[ParameterExpression, int],
+        parameters: Optional[Dict[str, Union[ParameterExpression, complex]]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+        envelope: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+        constraints: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+        valid_amp_conditions: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+    ):
+        """Create a parametric pulse.
+
+        Args:
+            pulse_type: Display name of this pulse shape.
+            duration: Duration of pulse.
+            parameters: Dictionary of pulse parameters that defines the pulse envelope.
+            name: Display name for this particular pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the absolute value of the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+            envelope: Pulse envelope expression.
+            constraints: Pulse parameter constraint expression.
+            valid_amp_conditions: Extra conditions to skip a full-waveform check for the
+                amplitude limit. If this condition is not met, then the validation routine
+                will investigate the full-waveform and raise an error when the amplitude norm
+                of any data point exceeds 1.0. If not provided, the validation always
+                creates a full-waveform.
+
+        Raises:
+            PulseError: When not all parameters are listed in the attribute :attr:`PARAM_DEF`.
+        """
+        super().__init__(
+            duration=duration,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        )
+        if parameters is None:
+            parameters = {}
+
+        self._pulse_type = pulse_type
+        self._params = parameters
+
+        self._envelope = envelope
+        self._constraints = constraints
+        self._valid_amp_conditions = valid_amp_conditions
+        if not self.__class__.disable_validation:
+            self.validate_parameters()
+
+    def __getattr__(self, item):
+        # Get pulse parameters with attribute-like access.
+        params = object.__getattribute__(self, "_params")
+        if item not in params:
+            raise AttributeError(f"'{self.__class__.__name__}' object has no attribute '{item}'")
+        return params[item]
+
+    @property
+    def pulse_type(self) -> str:
+        """Return display name of the pulse shape."""
+        return self._pulse_type
+
+    @property
+    def envelope(self) -> sym.Expr:
+        """Return symbolic expression for the pulse envelope."""
+        return self._envelope
+
+    @property
+    def constraints(self) -> sym.Expr:
+        """Return symbolic expression for the pulse parameter constraints."""
+        return self._constraints
+
+    @property
+    def valid_amp_conditions(self) -> sym.Expr:
+        """Return symbolic expression for the pulse amplitude constraints."""
+        return self._valid_amp_conditions
+
+    def get_waveform(self) -> Waveform:
+        r"""Return a Waveform with samples filled according to the formula that the pulse
+        represents and the parameter values it contains.
+
+        Since the returned array is a discretized time series of the continuous function,
+        this method uses a midpoint sampler. For ``duration``, return:
+
+        .. math::
+
+            \{f(t+0.5) \in \mathbb{C} | t \in \mathbb{Z} \wedge  0<=t<\texttt{duration}\}
+
+        Returns:
+            A waveform representation of this pulse.
+
+        Raises:
+            PulseError: When parameters are not assigned.
+            PulseError: When expression for pulse envelope is not assigned.
+        """
+        if self.is_parameterized():
+            raise PulseError("Unassigned parameter exists. All parameters must be assigned.")
+
+        if self._envelope is None:
+            raise PulseError("Pulse envelope expression is not assigned.")
+
+        fargs = _get_expression_args(self._envelope, self.parameters)
+        return Waveform(samples=self._envelope_lam(*fargs), name=self.name)
+
+    def validate_parameters(self) -> None:
+        """Validate parameters.
+
+        Raises:
+            PulseError: If the parameters passed are not valid.
+        """
+        if self.is_parameterized():
+            return
+
+        if self._constraints is not None:
+            fargs = _get_expression_args(self._constraints, self.parameters)
+            if not bool(self._constraints_lam(*fargs)):
+                param_repr = ", ".join(f"{p}={v}" for p, v in self.parameters.items())
+                const_repr = str(self._constraints)
+                raise PulseError(
+                    f"Assigned parameters {param_repr} violate following constraint: {const_repr}."
+                )
+
+        if self._limit_amplitude:
+            if self._valid_amp_conditions is not None:
+                fargs = _get_expression_args(self._valid_amp_conditions, self.parameters)
+                check_full_waveform = not bool(self._valid_amp_conditions_lam(*fargs))
+            else:
+                check_full_waveform = True
+
+            if check_full_waveform:
+                # Check full waveform only when the condition is satisified or
+                # evaluation condition is not provided.
+                # This operation is slower due to overhead of 'get_waveform'.
+                fargs = _get_expression_args(self._envelope, self.parameters)
+
+                if not _is_amplitude_valid(self._envelope_lam, tuple(fargs.pop(0)), *fargs):
+                    param_repr = ", ".join(f"{p}={v}" for p, v in self.parameters.items())
+                    raise PulseError(
+                        f"Maximum pulse amplitude norm exceeds 1.0 with parameters {param_repr}."
+                        "This can be overruled by setting Pulse.limit_amplitude."
+                    )
+
+    def is_parameterized(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True iff the instruction is parameterized."""
+        return any(isinstance(val, ParameterExpression) for val in self.parameters.values())
+
+    @property
+    def parameters(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+        params = {"duration": self.duration}
+        params.update(self._params)
+        return params
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: "SymbolicPulse") -> bool:
+
+        if not isinstance(other, SymbolicPulse):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if self._pulse_type != other._pulse_type:
+            return False
+
+        if self._envelope != other._envelope:
+            return False
+
+        if self.parameters != other.parameters:
+            return False
+
+        return True
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        param_repr = ", ".join(f"{p}={v}" for p, v in self.parameters.items())
+        return "{}({}{})".format(
+            self._pulse_type,
+            param_repr,
+            f", name='{self.name}'" if self.name is not None else "",
+        )
+
+    __hash__ = None
+
+
+class ScalableSymbolicPulse(SymbolicPulse):
+    r"""Subclass of :class:`SymbolicPulse` for pulses with scalable envelope.
+
+    Instance of :class:`ScalableSymbolicPulse` behaves the same as an instance of
+    :class:`SymbolicPulse`, but its envelope is assumed to have a scalable form
+    :math:`\text{amp}\times\exp\left(i\times\text{angle}\right)\times\text{F}
+    \left(t,\text{parameters}\right)`,
+    where :math:`\text{F}` is some function describing the rest of the envelope,
+    and both `amp` and `angle` are real (float). Note that both `amp` and `angle` are
+    stored in the :attr:`parameters` dictionary of the :class:`ScalableSymbolicPulse`
+    instance.
+
+    When two :class:`ScalableSymbolicPulse` objects are equated, instead of comparing
+    `amp` and `angle` individually, only the complex amplitude
+    :math:'\text{amp}\times\exp\left(i\times\text{angle}\right)' is compared.
+    """
+
+    @deprecate_arg(
+        "amp",
+        deprecation_description=(
+            "Setting ``amp`` to a complex in the ScalableSymbolicPulse constructor"
+        ),
+        additional_msg=(
+            "Instead, use a float for ``amp`` (for the magnitude) and a float for ``angle``"
+        ),
+        since="0.25.0",
+        package_name="qiskit-terra",
+        pending=False,
+        predicate=lambda amp: isinstance(amp, complex),
+    )
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        pulse_type: str,
+        duration: Union[ParameterExpression, int],
+        amp: ParameterValueType,
+        angle: ParameterValueType,
+        parameters: Optional[Dict[str, Union[ParameterExpression, complex]]] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+        envelope: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+        constraints: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+        valid_amp_conditions: Optional[sym.Expr] = None,
+    ):
+        """Create a scalable symbolic pulse.
+
+        Args:
+            pulse_type: Display name of this pulse shape.
+            duration: Duration of pulse.
+            amp: The magnitude of the complex amplitude of the pulse.
+            angle: The phase of the complex amplitude of the pulse.
+            parameters: Dictionary of pulse parameters that defines the pulse envelope.
+            name: Display name for this particular pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the absolute value of the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+            envelope: Pulse envelope expression.
+            constraints: Pulse parameter constraint expression.
+            valid_amp_conditions: Extra conditions to skip a full-waveform check for the
+                amplitude limit. If this condition is not met, then the validation routine
+                will investigate the full-waveform and raise an error when the amplitude norm
+                of any data point exceeds 1.0. If not provided, the validation always
+                creates a full-waveform.
+
+        Raises:
+            PulseError: If both `amp` is complex and `angle` is not `None` or 0.
+        """
+        # This should be removed once complex amp support is removed.
+        if isinstance(amp, complex) and angle is not None and angle != 0:
+            raise PulseError("amp can't be complex with angle not None or 0")
+
+        if angle is None:
+            angle = 0
+
+        if not isinstance(parameters, Dict):
+            parameters = {"amp": amp, "angle": angle}
+        else:
+            parameters = deepcopy(parameters)
+            parameters["amp"] = amp
+            parameters["angle"] = angle
+
+        super().__init__(
+            pulse_type=pulse_type,
+            duration=duration,
+            parameters=parameters,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+            envelope=envelope,
+            constraints=constraints,
+            valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions,
+        )
+
+    # pylint: disable=too-many-return-statements
+    def __eq__(self, other: "ScalableSymbolicPulse") -> bool:
+        if not isinstance(other, ScalableSymbolicPulse):
+            return NotImplemented
+
+        if self._pulse_type != other._pulse_type:
+            return False
+
+        if self._envelope != other._envelope:
+            return False
+
+        complex_amp1 = self.amp * np.exp(1j * self.angle)
+        complex_amp2 = other.amp * np.exp(1j * other.angle)
+
+        if isinstance(complex_amp1, ParameterExpression) or isinstance(
+            complex_amp2, ParameterExpression
+        ):
+            if complex_amp1 != complex_amp2:
+                return False
+        else:
+            if not np.isclose(complex_amp1, complex_amp2):
+                return False
+
+        for key in self.parameters:
+            if key not in ["amp", "angle"] and self.parameters[key] != other.parameters[key]:
+                return False
+
+        return True
+
+
+class _PulseType(type):
+    """Metaclass to warn at isinstance check."""
+
+    def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
+        cls_alias = getattr(cls, "alias", None)
+
+        # TODO promote this to Deprecation warning in future.
+        #  Once type information usage is removed from user code,
+        #  we will convert pulse classes into functions.
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Typechecking with the symbolic pulse subclass will be deprecated. "
+            f"'{cls_alias}' subclass instance is turned into SymbolicPulse instance. "
+            f"Use self.pulse_type == '{cls_alias}' instead.",
+            PendingDeprecationWarning,
+        )
+
+        if not isinstance(instance, SymbolicPulse):
+            return False
+        return instance.pulse_type == cls_alias
+
+    def __getattr__(cls, item):
+        # For pylint. A SymbolicPulse subclass must implement several methods
+        # such as .get_waveform and .validate_parameters.
+        # In addition, they conventionally offer attribute-like access to the pulse parameters,
+        # for example, instance.amp returns instance._params["amp"].
+        # If pulse classes are directly instantiated, pylint yells no-member
+        # since the pulse class itself implements nothing. These classes just
+        # behave like a factory by internally instantiating the SymbolicPulse and return it.
+        # It is not realistic to write disable=no-member across qiskit packages.
+        return NotImplemented
+
+
+class Gaussian(metaclass=_PulseType):
+    r"""A lifted and truncated pulse envelope shaped according to the Gaussian function whose
+    mean is centered at the center of the pulse (duration / 2):
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f'(x) &= \exp\Bigl( -\frac12 \frac{{(x - \text{duration}/2)}^2}{\text{sigma}^2} \Bigr)\\
+        f(x) &= \text{A} \times  \frac{f'(x) - f'(-1)}{1-f'(-1)}, \quad 0 \le x < \text{duration}
+
+    where :math:`f'(x)` is the gaussian waveform without lifting or amplitude scaling, and
+    :math:`\text{A} = \text{amp} \times \exp\left(i\times\text{angle}\right)`.
+    """
+
+    alias = "Gaussian"
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+        amp: ParameterValueType,
+        sigma: ParameterValueType,
+        angle: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+        """Create new pulse instance.
+
+        Args:
+            duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+            amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the Gaussian envelope.
+                    Complex amp support is deprecated.
+            sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the Gaussian peak is; described mathematically
+                   in the class docstring.
+            angle: The angle of the complex amplitude of the Gaussian envelope. Default value 0.
+            name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+        """
+        parameters = {"sigma": sigma}
+
+        # Prepare symbolic expressions
+        _t, _duration, _amp, _sigma, _angle = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, sigma, angle")
+        _center = _duration / 2
+
+        envelope_expr = (
+            _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * _lifted_gaussian(_t, _center, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+        )
+
+        consts_expr = _sigma > 0
+        valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+        return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type=cls.alias,
+            duration=duration,
+            amp=amp,
+            angle=angle,
+            parameters=parameters,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+            envelope=envelope_expr,
+            constraints=consts_expr,
+            valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+        )
+
+
+class GaussianSquare(metaclass=_PulseType):
+    """A square pulse with a Gaussian shaped risefall on both sides lifted such that
+    its first sample is zero.
+
+    Exactly one of the ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` and ``width`` parameters has to be specified.
+
+    If ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is not None and ``width`` is None:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \\text{risefall} &= \\text{risefall_sigma_ratio} \\times \\text{sigma}\\\\
+        \\text{width} &= \\text{duration} - 2 \\times \\text{risefall}
+
+    If ``width`` is not None and ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is None:
+
+    .. math:: \\text{risefall} = \\frac{\\text{duration} - \\text{width}}{2}
+
+    In both cases, the lifted gaussian square pulse :math:`f'(x)` is defined as:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f'(x) &= \\begin{cases}\
+            \\exp\\biggl(-\\frac12 \\frac{(x - \\text{risefall})^2}{\\text{sigma}^2}\\biggr)\
+                & x < \\text{risefall}\\\\
+            1\
+                & \\text{risefall} \\le x < \\text{risefall} + \\text{width}\\\\
+            \\exp\\biggl(-\\frac12\
+                    \\frac{{\\bigl(x - (\\text{risefall} + \\text{width})\\bigr)}^2}\
+                          {\\text{sigma}^2}\
+                    \\biggr)\
+                & \\text{risefall} + \\text{width} \\le x\
+        \\end{cases}\\\\
+        f(x) &= \\text{A} \\times \\frac{f'(x) - f'(-1)}{1-f'(-1)},\
+            \\quad 0 \\le x < \\text{duration}
+
+    where :math:`f'(x)` is the gaussian square waveform without lifting or amplitude scaling, and
+    :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times \\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`.
+    """
+
+    alias = "GaussianSquare"
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+        amp: ParameterValueType,
+        sigma: ParameterValueType,
+        width: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        angle: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        risefall_sigma_ratio: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+        """Create new pulse instance.
+
+        Args:
+            duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+            amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the Gaussian and square pulse.
+                    Complex amp support is deprecated.
+            sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the Gaussian risefall is; see the class
+                   docstring for more details.
+            width: The duration of the embedded square pulse.
+            angle: The angle of the complex amplitude of the pulse. Default value 0.
+            risefall_sigma_ratio: The ratio of each risefall duration to sigma.
+            name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+
+        Raises:
+            PulseError: When width and risefall_sigma_ratio are both empty or both non-empty.
+        """
+        # Convert risefall_sigma_ratio into width which is defined in OpenPulse spec
+        if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is None:
+            raise PulseError(
+                "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter must be specified."
+            )
+        if width is not None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+            raise PulseError(
+                "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter can be specified"
+                " but not both."
+            )
+        if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+            width = duration - 2.0 * risefall_sigma_ratio * sigma
+
+        parameters = {"sigma": sigma, "width": width}
+
+        # Prepare symbolic expressions
+        _t, _duration, _amp, _sigma, _width, _angle = sym.symbols(
+            "t, duration, amp, sigma, width, angle"
+        )
+        _center = _duration / 2
+
+        _sq_t0 = _center - _width / 2
+        _sq_t1 = _center + _width / 2
+
+        _gaussian_ledge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t0, -1, _sigma)
+        _gaussian_redge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t1, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+
+        envelope_expr = (
+            _amp
+            * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+            * sym.Piecewise(
+                (_gaussian_ledge, _t <= _sq_t0), (_gaussian_redge, _t >= _sq_t1), (1, True)
+            )
+        )
+
+        consts_expr = sym.And(_sigma > 0, _width >= 0, _duration >= _width)
+        valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+        return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type=cls.alias,
+            duration=duration,
+            amp=amp,
+            angle=angle,
+            parameters=parameters,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+            envelope=envelope_expr,
+            constraints=consts_expr,
+            valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+        )
+
+
+def GaussianSquareDrag(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    sigma: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    beta: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    width: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    risefall_sigma_ratio: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A square pulse with a Drag shaped rise and fall
+
+    This pulse shape is similar to :class:`~.GaussianSquare` but uses
+    :class:`~.Drag` for its rise and fall instead of :class:`~.Gaussian`. The
+    addition of the DRAG component of the rise and fall is sometimes helpful in
+    suppressing the spectral content of the pulse at frequencies near to, but
+    slightly offset from, the fundamental frequency of the drive. When there is
+    a spectator qubit close in frequency to the fundamental frequency,
+    suppressing the drive at the spectator's frequency can help avoid unwanted
+    excitation of the spectator.
+
+    Exactly one of the ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` and ``width`` parameters has to be specified.
+
+    If ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is not ``None`` and ``width`` is ``None``:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \\text{risefall} &= \\text{risefall_sigma_ratio} \\times \\text{sigma}\\\\
+        \\text{width} &= \\text{duration} - 2 \\times \\text{risefall}
+
+    If ``width`` is not None and ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is None:
+
+    .. math:: \\text{risefall} = \\frac{\\text{duration} - \\text{width}}{2}
+
+    Gaussian :math:`g(x, c, σ)` and lifted gaussian :math:`g'(x, c, σ)` curves
+    can be written as:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        g(x, c, σ) &= \\exp\\Bigl(-\\frac12 \\frac{(x - c)^2}{σ^2}\\Bigr)\\\\
+        g'(x, c, σ) &= \\frac{g(x, c, σ)-g(-1, c, σ)}{1-g(-1, c, σ)}
+
+    From these, the lifted DRAG curve :math:`d'(x, c, σ, β)` can be written as
+
+    .. math::
+
+        d'(x, c, σ, β) = g'(x, c, σ) \\times \\Bigl(1 + 1j \\times β \\times\
+            \\Bigl(-\\frac{x - c}{σ^2}\\Bigr)\\Bigr)
+
+    The lifted gaussian square drag pulse :math:`f'(x)` is defined as:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f'(x) &= \\begin{cases}\
+            \\text{A} \\times d'(x, \\text{risefall}, \\text{sigma}, \\text{beta})\
+                & x < \\text{risefall}\\\\
+            \\text{A}\
+                & \\text{risefall} \\le x < \\text{risefall} + \\text{width}\\\\
+            \\text{A} \\times \\times d'(\
+                    x - (\\text{risefall} + \\text{width}),\
+                    \\text{risefall},\
+                    \\text{sigma},\
+                    \\text{beta}\
+                )\
+                & \\text{risefall} + \\text{width} \\le x\
+        \\end{cases}\\\\
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times
+    \\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The amplitude of the DRAG rise and fall and of the square pulse.
+        sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the DRAG risefall is; see the class
+               docstring for more details.
+        beta: The DRAG correction amplitude.
+        width: The duration of the embedded square pulse.
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        risefall_sigma_ratio: The ratio of each risefall duration to sigma.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+
+    Raises:
+        PulseError: When width and risefall_sigma_ratio are both empty or both non-empty.
+    """
+    # Convert risefall_sigma_ratio into width which is defined in OpenPulse spec
+    if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is None:
+        raise PulseError(
+            "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter must be specified."
+        )
+    if width is not None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+        raise PulseError(
+            "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter can be specified"
+            " but not both."
+        )
+    if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+        width = duration - 2.0 * risefall_sigma_ratio * sigma
+
+    parameters = {"sigma": sigma, "width": width, "beta": beta}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _sigma, _beta, _width, _angle = sym.symbols(
+        "t, duration, amp, sigma, beta, width, angle"
+    )
+    _center = _duration / 2
+
+    _sq_t0 = _center - _width / 2
+    _sq_t1 = _center + _width / 2
+
+    _gaussian_ledge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t0, -1, _sigma)
+    _gaussian_redge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t1, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+    _deriv_ledge = -(_t - _sq_t0) / (_sigma**2) * _gaussian_ledge
+    _deriv_redge = -(_t - _sq_t1) / (_sigma**2) * _gaussian_redge
+
+    envelope_expr = (
+        _amp
+        * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+        * sym.Piecewise(
+            (_gaussian_ledge + sym.I * _beta * _deriv_ledge, _t <= _sq_t0),
+            (_gaussian_redge + sym.I * _beta * _deriv_redge, _t >= _sq_t1),
+            (1, True),
+        )
+    )
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_sigma > 0, _width >= 0, _duration >= _width)
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.And(sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0, sym.Abs(_beta) < _sigma)
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="GaussianSquareDrag",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def gaussian_square_echo(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    sigma: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    width: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    active_amp: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    active_angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    risefall_sigma_ratio: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> SymbolicPulse:
+    """An echoed Gaussian square pulse with an active tone overlaid on it.
+
+    The Gaussian Square Echo pulse is composed of three pulses. First, a Gaussian Square pulse
+    :math:`f_{echo}(x)` with amplitude ``amp`` and phase ``angle`` playing for half duration,
+    followed by a second Gaussian Square pulse :math:`-f_{echo}(x)` with opposite amplitude
+    and same phase playing for the rest of the duration. Third a Gaussian Square pulse
+    :math:`f_{active}(x)` with amplitude ``active_amp`` and phase ``active_angle``
+    playing for the entire duration. The Gaussian Square Echo pulse :math:`g_e()`
+    can be written as:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        g_e(x) &= \\begin{cases}\
+            f_{\\text{active}} + f_{\\text{echo}}(x)\
+                & x < \\frac{\\text{duration}}{2}\\\\
+            f_{\\text{active}} - f_{\\text{echo}}(x)\
+                & \\frac{\\text{duration}}{2} < x\
+        \\end{cases}\\\\
+
+    One case where this pulse can be used is when implementing a direct CNOT gate with
+    a cross-resonance superconducting qubit architecture. When applying this pulse to
+    the target qubit, the active portion can be used to cancel IX terms from the
+    cross-resonance drive while the echo portion can reduce the impact of a static ZZ coupling.
+
+    Exactly one of the ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` and ``width`` parameters has to be specified.
+
+    If ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is not ``None`` and ``width`` is ``None``:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \\text{risefall} &= \\text{risefall_sigma_ratio} \\times \\text{sigma}\\\\
+        \\text{width} &= \\text{duration} - 2 \\times \\text{risefall}
+
+    If ``width`` is not None and ``risefall_sigma_ratio`` is None:
+
+    .. math:: \\text{risefall} = \\frac{\\text{duration} - \\text{width}}{2}
+
+    References:
+        1. |citation1|_
+
+        .. _citation1: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2058-9565/abe519
+
+        .. |citation1| replace:: *Jurcevic, P., Javadi-Abhari, A., Bishop, L. S.,
+            Lauer, I., Bogorin, D. F., Brink, M., Capelluto, L., G{\"u}nl{\"u}k, O.,
+            Itoko, T., Kanazawa, N. & others
+            Demonstration of quantum volume 64 on a superconducting quantum
+            computing system. (Section V)*
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The amplitude of the rise and fall and of the echoed pulse.
+        sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the risefall is; see the class
+               docstring for more details.
+        width: The duration of the embedded square pulse.
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the echoed pulse. Default value 0.
+        active_amp: The amplitude of the active pulse.
+        active_angle: The angle in radian of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the active pulse. Default value 0.
+        risefall_sigma_ratio: The ratio of each risefall duration to sigma.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    Raises:
+        PulseError: When width and risefall_sigma_ratio are both empty or both non-empty.
+    """
+    # Convert risefall_sigma_ratio into width which is defined in OpenPulse spec
+    if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is None:
+        raise PulseError(
+            "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter must be specified."
+        )
+    if width is not None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+        raise PulseError(
+            "Either the pulse width or the risefall_sigma_ratio parameter can be specified"
+            " but not both."
+        )
+
+    if width is None and risefall_sigma_ratio is not None:
+        width = duration - 2.0 * risefall_sigma_ratio * sigma
+
+    parameters = {
+        "amp": amp,
+        "angle": angle,
+        "sigma": sigma,
+        "width": width,
+        "active_amp": active_amp,
+        "active_angle": active_angle,
+    }
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    (
+        _t,
+        _duration,
+        _amp,
+        _sigma,
+        _active_amp,
+        _width,
+        _angle,
+        _active_angle,
+    ) = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, sigma, active_amp, width, angle, active_angle")
+
+    # gaussian square echo for rotary tone
+    _center = _duration / 4
+
+    _width_echo = (_duration - 2 * (_duration - _width)) / 2
+
+    _sq_t0 = _center - _width_echo / 2
+    _sq_t1 = _center + _width_echo / 2
+
+    _gaussian_ledge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t0, -1, _sigma)
+    _gaussian_redge = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t1, _duration / 2 + 1, _sigma)
+
+    envelope_expr_p = (
+        _amp
+        * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+        * sym.Piecewise(
+            (_gaussian_ledge, _t <= _sq_t0),
+            (_gaussian_redge, _t >= _sq_t1),
+            (1, True),
+        )
+    )
+
+    _center_echo = _duration / 2 + _duration / 4
+
+    _sq_t0_echo = _center_echo - _width_echo / 2
+    _sq_t1_echo = _center_echo + _width_echo / 2
+
+    _gaussian_ledge_echo = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t0_echo, _duration / 2 - 1, _sigma)
+    _gaussian_redge_echo = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t1_echo, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+
+    envelope_expr_echo = (
+        -1
+        * _amp
+        * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+        * sym.Piecewise(
+            (_gaussian_ledge_echo, _t <= _sq_t0_echo),
+            (_gaussian_redge_echo, _t >= _sq_t1_echo),
+            (1, True),
+        )
+    )
+
+    envelope_expr = sym.Piecewise(
+        (envelope_expr_p, _t <= _duration / 2), (envelope_expr_echo, _t >= _duration / 2), (0, True)
+    )
+
+    # gaussian square for active cancellation tone
+    _center_active = _duration / 2
+
+    _sq_t0_active = _center_active - _width / 2
+    _sq_t1_active = _center_active + _width / 2
+
+    _gaussian_ledge_active = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t0_active, -1, _sigma)
+    _gaussian_redge_active = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _sq_t1_active, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+
+    envelope_expr_active = (
+        _active_amp
+        * sym.exp(sym.I * _active_angle)
+        * sym.Piecewise(
+            (_gaussian_ledge_active, _t <= _sq_t0_active),
+            (_gaussian_redge_active, _t >= _sq_t1_active),
+            (1, True),
+        )
+    )
+
+    envelop_expr_total = envelope_expr + envelope_expr_active
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(
+        _sigma > 0, _width >= 0, _duration >= _width, _duration / 2 >= _width_echo
+    )
+
+    # Check validity of amplitudes
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.And(sym.Abs(_amp) + sym.Abs(_active_amp) <= 1.0)
+
+    return SymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="gaussian_square_echo",
+        duration=duration,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelop_expr_total,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def GaussianDeriv(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    sigma: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """An unnormalized Gaussian derivative pulse.
+
+    The Gaussian function is centered around the halfway point of the pulse,
+    and the envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = -\\text{A}\\frac{x-\\mu}{\\text{sigma}^{2}}\\exp
+            \\left[-\\left(\\frac{x-\\mu}{2\\text{sigma}}\\right)^{2}\\right]  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    and :math:`\\mu=\\text{duration}/2`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the pulse
+            (the value of the corresponding Gaussian at the midpoint `duration`/2).
+        sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the corresponding Gaussian peak is in terms of `dt`;
+            described mathematically in the class docstring.
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    parameters = {"sigma": sigma}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _sigma = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, sigma")
+    envelope_expr = (
+        -_amp
+        * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+        * ((_t - (_duration / 2)) / _sigma**2)
+        * sym.exp(-(1 / 2) * ((_t - (_duration / 2)) / _sigma) ** 2)
+    )
+    consts_expr = _sigma > 0
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp / _sigma) <= sym.exp(1 / 2)
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="GaussianDeriv",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+class Drag(metaclass=_PulseType):
+    """The Derivative Removal by Adiabatic Gate (DRAG) pulse is a standard Gaussian pulse
+    with an additional Gaussian derivative component and lifting applied.
+
+    It can be calibrated either to reduce the phase error due to virtual population of the
+    :math:`|2\\rangle` state during the pulse or to reduce the frequency spectrum of a
+    standard Gaussian pulse near the :math:`|1\\rangle\\leftrightarrow|2\\rangle` transition,
+    reducing the chance of leakage to the :math:`|2\\rangle` state.
+
+    .. math::
+
+        g(x) &= \\exp\\Bigl(-\\frac12 \\frac{(x - \\text{duration}/2)^2}{\\text{sigma}^2}\\Bigr)\\\\
+        g'(x) &= \\text{A}\\times\\frac{g(x)-g(-1)}{1-g(-1)}\\\\
+        f(x) &=  g'(x) \\times \\Bigl(1 + 1j \\times \\text{beta} \\times\
+            \\Bigl(-\\frac{x - \\text{duration}/2}{\\text{sigma}^2}\\Bigr)  \\Bigr),
+            \\quad 0 \\le x < \\text{duration}
+
+    where :math:`g(x)` is a standard unlifted Gaussian waveform, :math:`g'(x)` is the lifted
+    :class:`~qiskit.pulse.library.Gaussian` waveform, and
+    :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times \\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`.
+
+    References:
+        1. |citation1|_
+
+        .. _citation1: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.83.012308
+
+        .. |citation1| replace:: *Gambetta, J. M., Motzoi, F., Merkel, S. T. & Wilhelm, F. K.
+           Analytic control methods for high-fidelity unitary operations
+           in a weakly nonlinear oscillator. Phys. Rev. A 83, 012308 (2011).*
+
+        2. |citation2|_
+
+        .. _citation2: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.110501
+
+        .. |citation2| replace:: *F. Motzoi, J. M. Gambetta, P. Rebentrost, and F. K. Wilhelm
+           Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 110501 – Published 8 September 2009.*
+    """
+
+    alias = "Drag"
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+        amp: ParameterValueType,
+        sigma: ParameterValueType,
+        beta: ParameterValueType,
+        angle: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+        """Create new pulse instance.
+
+        Args:
+            duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+            amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the DRAG envelope.
+                    Complex amp support is deprecated.
+            sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the Gaussian peak is; described mathematically
+                   in the class docstring.
+            beta: The correction amplitude.
+            angle: The angle of the complex amplitude of the DRAG envelope. Default value 0.
+            name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+        """
+        parameters = {"sigma": sigma, "beta": beta}
+
+        # Prepare symbolic expressions
+        _t, _duration, _amp, _sigma, _beta, _angle = sym.symbols(
+            "t, duration, amp, sigma, beta, angle"
+        )
+        _center = _duration / 2
+
+        _gauss = _lifted_gaussian(_t, _center, _duration + 1, _sigma)
+        _deriv = -(_t - _center) / (_sigma**2) * _gauss
+
+        envelope_expr = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * (_gauss + sym.I * _beta * _deriv)
+
+        consts_expr = _sigma > 0
+        valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.And(sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0, sym.Abs(_beta) < _sigma)
+
+        return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type="Drag",
+            duration=duration,
+            amp=amp,
+            angle=angle,
+            parameters=parameters,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+            envelope=envelope_expr,
+            constraints=consts_expr,
+            valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+        )
+
+
+class Constant(metaclass=_PulseType):
+    """A simple constant pulse, with an amplitude value and a duration:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{amp}\\times\\exp\\left(i\\text{angle}\\right)    ,  0 <= x < duration
+        f(x) = 0      ,  elsewhere
+    """
+
+    alias = "Constant"
+
+    def __new__(
+        cls,
+        duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+        amp: ParameterValueType,
+        angle: Optional[ParameterValueType] = None,
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+    ) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+        """Create new pulse instance.
+
+        Args:
+            duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+            amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the square envelope.
+                    Complex amp support is deprecated.
+            angle: The angle of the complex amplitude of the square envelope. Default value 0.
+            name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+            limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+                waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+        Returns:
+            ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+        """
+        # Prepare symbolic expressions
+        _t, _amp, _duration, _angle = sym.symbols("t, amp, duration, angle")
+
+        # Note this is implemented using Piecewise instead of just returning amp
+        # directly because otherwise the expression has no t dependence and sympy's
+        # lambdify will produce a function f that for an array t returns amp
+        # instead of amp * np.ones(t.shape). This does not work well with
+        # ParametricPulse.get_waveform().
+        #
+        # See: https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/5642
+        envelope_expr = (
+            _amp
+            * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+            * sym.Piecewise((1, sym.And(_t >= 0, _t <= _duration)), (0, True))
+        )
+
+        valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+        return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+            pulse_type="Constant",
+            duration=duration,
+            amp=amp,
+            angle=angle,
+            name=name,
+            limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+            envelope=envelope_expr,
+            valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+        )
+
+
+def Sin(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    phase: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    freq: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A sinusoidal pulse.
+
+    The envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\sin\\left(2\\pi\\text{freq}x+\\text{phase}\\right)  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the sinusoidal wave. Wave range is [-`amp`,`amp`].
+        phase: The phase of the sinusoidal wave (note that this is not equivalent to the angle of
+            the complex amplitude)
+        freq: The frequency of the sinusoidal wave, in terms of 1 over sampling period.
+            If not provided defaults to a single cycle (i.e :math:'\\frac{1}{\\text{duration}}').
+            The frequency is limited to the range :math:`\\left(0,0.5\\right]` (the Nyquist frequency).
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    if freq is None:
+        freq = 1 / duration
+    parameters = {"freq": freq, "phase": phase}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _freq, _phase = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, freq, phase")
+
+    envelope_expr = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * sym.sin(2 * sym.pi * _freq * _t + _phase)
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_freq > 0, _freq < 0.5)
+
+    # This might fail for waves shorter than a single cycle
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Sin",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def Cos(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    phase: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    freq: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A cosine pulse.
+
+    The envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\cos\\left(2\\pi\\text{freq}x+\\text{phase}\\right)  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the cosine wave. Wave range is [-`amp`,`amp`].
+        phase: The phase of the cosine wave (note that this is not equivalent to the angle
+            of the complex amplitude).
+        freq: The frequency of the cosine wave, in terms of 1 over sampling period.
+            If not provided defaults to a single cycle (i.e :math:'\\frac{1}{\\text{duration}}').
+            The frequency is limited to the range :math:`\\left(0,0.5\\right]` (the Nyquist frequency).
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    if freq is None:
+        freq = 1 / duration
+    parameters = {"freq": freq, "phase": phase}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _freq, _phase = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, freq, phase")
+
+    envelope_expr = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * sym.cos(2 * sym.pi * _freq * _t + _phase)
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_freq > 0, _freq < 0.5)
+
+    # This might fail for waves shorter than a single cycle
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Cos",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def Sawtooth(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    phase: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    freq: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A sawtooth pulse.
+
+    The envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = 2\\text{A}\\left[g\\left(x\\right)-
+            \\lfloor g\\left(x\\right)+\\frac{1}{2}\\rfloor\\right]
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    :math:`g\\left(x\\right)=x\\times\\text{freq}+\\frac{\\text{phase}}{2\\pi}`,
+    and :math:`\\lfloor ...\\rfloor` is the floor operation.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the sawtooth wave. Wave range is [-`amp`,`amp`].
+        phase: The phase of the sawtooth wave (note that this is not equivalent to the angle
+            of the complex amplitude)
+        freq: The frequency of the sawtooth wave, in terms of 1 over sampling period.
+            If not provided defaults to a single cycle (i.e :math:'\\frac{1}{\\text{duration}}').
+            The frequency is limited to the range :math:`\\left(0,0.5\\right]` (the Nyquist frequency).
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    if freq is None:
+        freq = 1 / duration
+    parameters = {"freq": freq, "phase": phase}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _freq, _phase = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, freq, phase")
+    lin_expr = _t * _freq + _phase / (2 * sym.pi)
+
+    envelope_expr = 2 * _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * (lin_expr - sym.floor(lin_expr + 1 / 2))
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_freq > 0, _freq < 0.5)
+
+    # This might fail for waves shorter than a single cycle
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Sawtooth",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def Triangle(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    phase: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    freq: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A triangle wave pulse.
+
+    The envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\left[\\text{sawtooth}\\left(x\\right)\\right]  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    and :math:`\\text{sawtooth}\\left(x\\right)` is a sawtooth wave with the same frequency
+    as the triangle wave, but a phase shifted by :math:`\\frac{\\pi}{2}`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the triangle wave. Wave range is [-`amp`,`amp`].
+        phase: The phase of the triangle wave (note that this is not equivalent to the angle
+            of the complex amplitude)
+        freq: The frequency of the triangle wave, in terms of 1 over sampling period.
+            If not provided defaults to a single cycle (i.e :math:'\\frac{1}{\\text{duration}}').
+            The frequency is limited to the range :math:`\\left(0,0.5\\right]` (the Nyquist frequency).
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    if freq is None:
+        freq = 1 / duration
+    parameters = {"freq": freq, "phase": phase}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _freq, _phase = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, freq, phase")
+    lin_expr = _t * _freq + _phase / (2 * sym.pi) - 0.25
+    sawtooth_expr = 2 * (lin_expr - sym.floor(lin_expr + 1 / 2))
+
+    envelope_expr = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * (-2 * sym.Abs(sawtooth_expr) + 1)
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_freq > 0, _freq < 0.5)
+
+    # This might fail for waves shorter than a single cycle
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Triangle",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def Square(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    phase: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    freq: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = None,
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """A square wave pulse.
+
+    The envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\text{sign}\\left[\\sin
+            \\left(2\\pi x\\times\\text{freq}+\\text{phase}\\right)\\right]  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    and :math:`\\text{sign}`
+    is the sign function with the convention :math:`\\text{sign}\\left(0\\right)=1`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the square wave. Wave range is [-`amp`,`amp`].
+        phase: The phase of the square wave (note that this is not equivalent to the angle of
+            the complex amplitude).
+        freq: The frequency of the square wave, in terms of 1 over sampling period.
+            If not provided defaults to a single cycle (i.e :math:'\\frac{1}{\\text{duration}}').
+            The frequency is limited to the range :math:`\\left(0,0.5\\right]` (the Nyquist frequency).
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    if freq is None:
+        freq = 1 / duration
+    parameters = {"freq": freq, "phase": phase}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _freq, _phase = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, freq, phase")
+    _x = _freq * _t + _phase / (2 * sym.pi)
+
+    envelope_expr = (
+        _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * (2 * (2 * sym.floor(_x) - sym.floor(2 * _x)) + 1)
+    )
+
+    consts_expr = sym.And(_freq > 0, _freq < 0.5)
+
+    # This might fail for waves shorter than a single cycle
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Square",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def Sech(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    sigma: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    zero_ends: Optional[bool] = True,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """An unnormalized sech pulse.
+
+    The sech function is centered around the halfway point of the pulse,
+    and the envelope of the pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\text{sech}\\left(
+            \\frac{x-\\mu}{\\text{sigma}}\\right)  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    and :math:`\\mu=\\text{duration}/2`.
+
+    If `zero_ends` is set to `True`, the output `y` is modified:
+    .. math::
+
+        y\\left(x\\right) \\mapsto \\text{A}\\frac{y-y^{*}}{\\text{A}-y^{*}},
+
+    where :math:`y^{*}` is the value of :math:`y` at the endpoints (at :math:`x=-1
+    and :math:`x=\\text{duration}+1`). This shifts the endpoints value to zero, while also
+    rescaling to preserve the amplitude at `:math:`\\text{duration}/2``.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the pulse (the value at the midpoint `duration`/2).
+        sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the sech peak is in terms of `dt`;
+            described mathematically in the class docstring.
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        zero_ends: If True, zeros the ends at x = -1, x = `duration` + 1,
+            but rescales to preserve `amp`. Default value True.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    parameters = {"sigma": sigma}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _sigma = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, sigma")
+    complex_amp = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle)
+    envelope_expr = complex_amp * sym.sech((_t - (_duration / 2)) / _sigma)
+
+    if zero_ends:
+        shift_val = complex_amp * sym.sech((-1 - (_duration / 2)) / _sigma)
+        envelope_expr = complex_amp * (envelope_expr - shift_val) / (complex_amp - shift_val)
+
+    consts_expr = _sigma > 0
+
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) <= 1.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="Sech",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )
+
+
+def SechDeriv(
+    duration: Union[int, ParameterExpression],
+    amp: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    sigma: Union[float, ParameterExpression],
+    angle: Optional[Union[float, ParameterExpression]] = 0.0,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+    limit_amplitude: Optional[bool] = None,
+) -> ScalableSymbolicPulse:
+    """An unnormalized sech derivative pulse.
+
+    The sech function is centered around the halfway point of the pulse, and the envelope of the
+    pulse is given by:
+
+    .. math::
+
+        f(x) = \\text{A}\\frac{d}{dx}\\left[\\text{sech}
+            \\left(\\frac{x-\\mu}{\\text{sigma}}\\right)\\right]  ,  0 <= x < duration
+
+    where :math:`\\text{A} = \\text{amp} \\times\\exp\\left(i\\times\\text{angle}\\right)`,
+    :math:`\\mu=\\text{duration}/2`, and :math:`d/dx` is a derivative with respect to `x`.
+
+    Args:
+        duration: Pulse length in terms of the sampling period `dt`.
+        amp: The magnitude of the amplitude of the pulse (the value of the corresponding sech
+            function at the midpoint `duration`/2).
+        sigma: A measure of how wide or narrow the corresponding sech peak is, in terms of `dt`;
+            described mathematically in the class docstring.
+        angle: The angle in radians of the complex phase factor uniformly
+            scaling the pulse. Default value 0.
+        name: Display name for this pulse envelope.
+        limit_amplitude: If ``True``, then limit the amplitude of the
+            waveform to 1. The default is ``True`` and the amplitude is constrained to 1.
+
+    Returns:
+        ScalableSymbolicPulse instance.
+    """
+    parameters = {"sigma": sigma}
+
+    # Prepare symbolic expressions
+    _t, _duration, _amp, _angle, _sigma = sym.symbols("t, duration, amp, angle, sigma")
+    time_argument = (_t - (_duration / 2)) / _sigma
+    sech_deriv = -sym.tanh(time_argument) * sym.sech(time_argument) / _sigma
+
+    envelope_expr = _amp * sym.exp(sym.I * _angle) * sech_deriv
+
+    consts_expr = _sigma > 0
+
+    valid_amp_conditions_expr = sym.Abs(_amp) / _sigma <= 2.0
+
+    return ScalableSymbolicPulse(
+        pulse_type="SechDeriv",
+        duration=duration,
+        amp=amp,
+        angle=angle,
+        parameters=parameters,
+        name=name,
+        limit_amplitude=limit_amplitude,
+        envelope=envelope_expr,
+        constraints=consts_expr,
+        valid_amp_conditions=valid_amp_conditions_expr,
+    )