passagemath-plot 10.6.31rc3__cp314-cp314-manylinux_2_27_x86_64.manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl

sage/plot/circle.py

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+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-plot
+"""
+Circles
+"""
+#*****************************************************************************
+#       Copyright (C) 2006 Alex Clemesha <clemesha@gmail.com>,
+#                          William Stein <wstein@gmail.com>,
+#                     2008 Mike Hansen <mhansen@gmail.com>,
+#
+#  Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL)
+#
+#    This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+#    General Public License for more details.
+#
+#  The full text of the GPL is available at:
+#
+#                  http://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+#*****************************************************************************
+from .primitive import GraphicPrimitive
+from sage.misc.decorators import options, rename_keyword
+from sage.plot.colors import to_mpl_color
+from math import sin, cos, pi
+
+
+class Circle(GraphicPrimitive):
+    """
+    Primitive class for the :class:`Circle` graphics type.  See ``circle?`` for information
+    about actually plotting circles.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``x`` -- `x`-coordinate of center of Circle
+
+    - ``y`` -- `y`-coordinate of center of Circle
+
+    - ``r`` -- radius of Circle object
+
+    - ``options`` -- dictionary of valid plot options to pass to constructor
+
+    EXAMPLES:
+
+    Note this should normally be used indirectly via ``circle``::
+
+        sage: from sage.plot.circle import Circle
+        sage: C = Circle(2,3,5,{'zorder':2})
+        sage: C
+        Circle defined by (2.0,3.0) with r=5.0
+        sage: C.options()['zorder']
+        2
+        sage: C.r
+        5.0
+
+    TESTS:
+
+    We test creating a circle::
+
+        sage: C = circle((2,3), 5)
+    """
+    def __init__(self, x, y, r, options):
+        """
+        Initialize base class Circle.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: C = circle((2,3), 5, edgecolor='red', alpha=.5, fill=True)
+            sage: C[0].x
+            2.0
+            sage: C[0].r
+            5.0
+            sage: C[0].options()['edgecolor']
+            'red'
+            sage: C[0].options()['alpha']
+            0.500000000000000
+        """
+        self.x = float(x)
+        self.y = float(y)
+        self.r = float(r)
+        GraphicPrimitive.__init__(self, options)
+
+    def get_minmax_data(self):
+        """
+        Return a dictionary with the bounding box data.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: p = circle((3, 3), 1)
+            sage: d = p.get_minmax_data()
+            sage: d['xmin']
+            2.0
+            sage: d['ymin']
+            2.0
+        """
+        from sage.plot.plot import minmax_data
+        return minmax_data([self.x - self.r, self.x + self.r],
+                           [self.y - self.r, self.y + self.r],
+                           dict=True)
+
+    def _allowed_options(self):
+        """
+        Return the allowed options for the Circle class.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: p = circle((3, 3), 1)
+            sage: p[0]._allowed_options()['alpha']
+            'How transparent the figure is.'
+            sage: p[0]._allowed_options()['facecolor']
+            '2D only: The color of the face as an RGB tuple.'
+        """
+        return {'alpha': 'How transparent the figure is.',
+                'fill': 'Whether or not to fill the circle.',
+                'legend_label': 'The label for this item in the legend.',
+                'legend_color': 'The color of the legend text.',
+                'thickness': 'How thick the border of the circle is.',
+                'edgecolor': '2D only: The color of the edge as an RGB tuple.',
+                'facecolor': '2D only: The color of the face as an RGB tuple.',
+                'rgbcolor': 'The color (edge and face) as an RGB tuple.',
+                'hue': 'The color given as a hue.',
+                'zorder': '2D only: The layer level in which to draw',
+                'linestyle': "2D only: The style of the line, which is one of "
+                "'dashed', 'dotted', 'solid', 'dashdot', or '--', ':', '-', '-.', "
+                "respectively.",
+                'clip': 'Whether or not to clip the circle.'}
+
+    def _repr_(self):
+        """
+        String representation of Circle primitive.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: C = circle((2,3), 5)
+            sage: c = C[0]; c
+            Circle defined by (2.0,3.0) with r=5.0
+        """
+        return f"Circle defined by ({self.x},{self.y}) with r={self.r}"
+
+    def _render_on_subplot(self, subplot):
+        """
+        TESTS::
+
+            sage: from math import pi
+            sage: C = circle((2,pi), 2, edgecolor='black', facecolor='green', fill=True)
+        """
+        import matplotlib.patches as patches
+        from sage.plot.misc import get_matplotlib_linestyle
+
+        options = self.options()
+        p = patches.Circle((float(self.x), float(self.y)), float(self.r), clip_on=options['clip'])
+        if not options['clip']:
+            self._bbox_extra_artists = [p]
+        p.set_linewidth(float(options['thickness']))
+        p.set_fill(options['fill'])
+        a = float(options['alpha'])
+        p.set_alpha(a)
+        ec = to_mpl_color(options['edgecolor'])
+        fc = to_mpl_color(options['facecolor'])
+        if 'rgbcolor' in options:
+            ec = fc = to_mpl_color(options['rgbcolor'])
+        p.set_edgecolor(ec)
+        p.set_facecolor(fc)
+        p.set_linestyle(get_matplotlib_linestyle(options['linestyle'],return_type='long'))
+        p.set_label(options['legend_label'])
+        z = int(options.pop('zorder', 0))
+        p.set_zorder(z)
+        subplot.add_patch(p)
+
+    def plot3d(self, z=0, **kwds):
+        """
+        Plots a 2D circle (actually a 50-gon) in 3D,
+        with default height zero.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``z`` -- (optional) 3D height above `xy`-plane
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: circle((0,0), 1).plot3d()
+            Graphics3d Object
+
+        This example uses this method implicitly, but does not pass
+        the optional parameter z to this method::
+
+            sage: sum(circle((random(),random()), random()).plot3d(z=random())
+            ....:     for _ in range(20))
+            Graphics3d Object
+
+        .. PLOT::
+
+            P = sum([circle((random(),random()), random()).plot3d(z=random()) for _ in range(20)])
+            sphinx_plot(P)
+
+        These examples are explicit, and pass z to this method::
+
+            sage: from math import pi
+            sage: C = circle((2,pi), 2, hue=.8, alpha=.3, fill=True)
+            sage: c = C[0]
+            sage: d = c.plot3d(z=2)
+            sage: d.texture.opacity
+            0.3
+
+        ::
+
+            sage: C = circle((2,pi), 2, hue=.8, alpha=.3, linestyle='dotted')
+            sage: c = C[0]
+            sage: d = c.plot3d(z=2)
+            sage: d.jmol_repr(d.testing_render_params())[0][-1]
+            'color $line_1 translucent 0.7 [204,0,255]'
+        """
+        options = dict(self.options())
+        fill = options['fill']
+        for s in ['clip', 'edgecolor', 'facecolor', 'fill', 'linestyle',
+                'zorder']:
+            if s in options:
+                del options[s]
+
+        n = 50
+        dt = float(2*pi/n)
+        x, y, r = self.x, self.y, self.r
+        xdata = [x+r*cos(t*dt) for t in range(n+1)]
+        ydata = [y+r*sin(t*dt) for t in range(n+1)]
+        if fill:
+            from .polygon import Polygon
+            return Polygon(xdata, ydata, options).plot3d(z)
+        else:
+            from .line import Line
+            return Line(xdata, ydata, options).plot3d().translate((0,0,z))
+
+
+@rename_keyword(color='rgbcolor')
+@options(alpha=1, fill=False, thickness=1, edgecolor='blue', facecolor='blue', linestyle='solid',
+         zorder=5, legend_label=None, legend_color=None, clip=True, aspect_ratio=1.0)
+def circle(center, radius, **options):
+    """
+    Return a circle at a point center = `(x,y)` (or `(x,y,z)` and
+    parallel to the `xy`-plane) with radius = `r`.  Type
+    ``circle.options`` to see all options.
+
+    OPTIONS:
+
+    - ``alpha`` -- (default: 1)
+
+    - ``fill`` -- (default: ``False``)
+
+    - ``thickness`` -- (default: 1)
+
+    - ``linestyle`` -- (default: ``'solid'``) (2D plotting only) the style of the
+      line, which is one of ``'dashed'``, ``'dotted'``, ``'solid'``, ``'dashdot'``,
+      or ``'--'``, ``':'``, ``'-'``, ``'-.'``, respectively
+
+    - ``edgecolor`` -- (default: ``'blue'``) 2D plotting only
+
+    - ``facecolor`` -- (default: ``'blue'``) 2D plotting only, useful only
+      if ``fill=True``
+
+    - ``rgbcolor`` -- 2D or 3D plotting.  This option overrides
+      ``edgecolor`` and ``facecolor`` for 2D plotting
+
+    - ``legend_label`` -- the label for this item in the legend
+
+    - ``legend_color`` -- the color for the legend label
+
+    EXAMPLES:
+
+    The default color is blue, the default linestyle is solid, but this is easy to change::
+
+        sage: c = circle((1,1), 1)
+        sage: c
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        sphinx_plot(circle((1,1), 1))
+
+    ::
+
+        sage: c = circle((1,1), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0), linestyle='-.')
+        sage: c
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        c = circle((1,1), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0), linestyle='-.')
+        sphinx_plot(c)
+
+    We can also use this command to plot three-dimensional circles parallel
+    to the `xy`-plane::
+
+        sage: c = circle((1,1,3), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0))
+        sage: c
+        Graphics3d Object
+        sage: type(c)
+        <class 'sage.plot.plot3d.base.TransformGroup'>
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        c = circle((1,1,3), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0))
+        sphinx_plot(c)
+
+    To correct the aspect ratio of certain graphics, it is necessary
+    to show with a ``figsize`` of square dimensions::
+
+        sage: c.show(figsize=[5,5],xmin=-1,xmax=3,ymin=-1,ymax=3)
+
+    Here we make a more complicated plot, with many circles of different colors::
+
+        sage: g = Graphics()
+        sage: step = 6; ocur = 1/5; paths = 16
+        sage: PI = math.pi    # numerical for speed -- fine for graphics
+        sage: for r in range(1,paths+1):
+        ....:     for x,y in [((r+ocur)*math.cos(n), (r+ocur)*math.sin(n))
+        ....:                 for n in srange(0, 2*PI+PI/step, PI/step)]:
+        ....:         g += circle((x,y), ocur, rgbcolor=hue(r/paths))
+        ....:     rnext = (r+1)^2
+        ....:     ocur = (rnext-r)-ocur
+        sage: g.show(xmin=-(paths+1)^2, xmax=(paths+1)^2,
+        ....:        ymin=-(paths+1)^2, ymax=(paths+1)^2, figsize=[6,6])
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        g = Graphics()
+        step=6; ocur=1/5; paths=16;
+        PI = math.pi    # numerical for speed -- fine for graphics
+        for r in range(1,paths+1):
+             for x,y in [((r+ocur)*math.cos(n), (r+ocur)*math.sin(n)) for n in srange(0, 2*PI+PI/step, PI/step)]:
+                 g += circle((x,y), ocur, rgbcolor=hue(r*1.0/paths))
+             rnext = (r+1)**2
+             ocur = (rnext-r)-ocur
+        g.set_axes_range(-(paths+1)**2,(paths+1)**2,-(paths+1)**2,(paths+1)**2)
+        sphinx_plot(g)
+
+    Note that the ``rgbcolor`` option overrides the other coloring options.
+    This produces red fill in a blue circle::
+
+        sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', facecolor='red')
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        sphinx_plot(circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', facecolor='red'))
+
+    This produces an all-green filled circle::
+
+        sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green')
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        sphinx_plot(circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green'))
+
+    The option ``hue`` overrides *all* other options, so be careful with its use.
+    This produces a purplish filled circle::
+
+        sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green', hue=.8)
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        C = circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green', hue=.8)
+        sphinx_plot(C)
+
+    And circles with legends::
+
+        sage: circle((4,5), 1, rgbcolor='yellow', fill=True,
+        ....:        legend_label='the sun').show(xmin=0, ymin=0)
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        C = circle((4,5), 1, rgbcolor='yellow', fill=True, legend_label='the sun')
+        C.set_axes_range(xmin=0, ymin=0)
+        sphinx_plot(C)
+
+    ::
+
+        sage: circle((4,5), 1,
+        ....:        legend_label='the sun', legend_color='yellow').show(xmin=0, ymin=0)
+
+    .. PLOT::
+
+        C = circle((4,5), 1, legend_label='the sun', legend_color='yellow')
+        C.set_axes_range(xmin=0, ymin=0)
+        sphinx_plot(C)
+
+    Extra options will get passed on to show(), as long as they are valid::
+
+        sage: circle((0, 0), 2, figsize=[10,10])  # That circle is huge!
+        Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
+
+    ::
+
+        sage: circle((0, 0), 2).show(figsize=[10,10])  # These are equivalent
+
+    TESTS:
+
+    We cannot currently plot circles in more than three dimensions::
+
+        sage: circle((1,1,1,1), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0))
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        ValueError: the center of a plotted circle should have two or three coordinates
+
+    The default aspect ratio for a circle is 1.0::
+
+        sage: P = circle((1,1), 1)
+        sage: P.aspect_ratio()
+        1.0
+
+    Verify that :issue:`36153` does not arise::
+
+        sage: C = circle((1,1), 1, legend_label='test')
+    """
+    from sage.plot.all import Graphics
+
+    # Reset aspect_ratio to 'automatic' in case scale is 'semilog[xy]'.
+    # Otherwise matplotlib complains.
+    scale = options.get('scale', None)
+    if isinstance(scale, (list, tuple)):
+        scale = scale[0]
+    if scale == 'semilogy' or scale == 'semilogx':
+        options['aspect_ratio'] = 'automatic'
+
+    g = Graphics()
+    g._set_extra_kwds(Graphics._extract_kwds_for_show(options))
+    g.add_primitive(Circle(center[0], center[1], radius, options))
+    if options['legend_label']:
+        g.legend(True)
+        g._legend_colors = [options['legend_color']]
+    if len(center) == 2:
+        return g
+    elif len(center) == 3:
+        return g[0].plot3d(z=center[2])
+    raise ValueError('the center of a plotted circle should have '
+                     'two or three coordinates')