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package/bundled-skills/expo-native-ui/references/webgpu-three.md

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+# WebGPU & Three.js for Expo
+
+**Use this skill for ANY 3D graphics, games, GPU compute, or Three.js features in React Native.**
+
+## Locked Versions (Tested & Working)
+
+```json
+{
+  "react-native-wgpu": "^0.4.1",
+  "three": "0.172.0",
+  "@react-three/fiber": "^9.4.0",
+  "wgpu-matrix": "^3.0.2",
+  "@types/three": "0.172.0"
+}
+```
+
+**Critical:** These versions are tested together. Mismatched versions cause type errors and runtime issues.
+
+## Installation
+
+```bash
+npm install react-native-wgpu@^0.4.1 three@0.172.0 @react-three/fiber@^9.4.0 wgpu-matrix@^3.0.2 @types/three@0.172.0 --legacy-peer-deps
+```
+
+**Note:** `--legacy-peer-deps` may be required due to peer dependency conflicts with canary Expo versions.
+
+## Metro Configuration
+
+Create `metro.config.js` in project root:
+
+```js
+const { getDefaultConfig } = require("expo/metro-config");
+
+const config = getDefaultConfig(__dirname);
+
+config.resolver.resolveRequest = (context, moduleName, platform) => {
+  // Force 'three' to webgpu build
+  if (moduleName.startsWith("three")) {
+    moduleName = "three/webgpu";
+  }
+
+  // Use standard react-three/fiber instead of React Native version
+  if (platform !== "web" && moduleName.startsWith("@react-three/fiber")) {
+    return context.resolveRequest(
+      {
+        ...context,
+        unstable_conditionNames: ["module"],
+        mainFields: ["module"],
+      },
+      moduleName,
+      platform
+    );
+  }
+  return context.resolveRequest(context, moduleName, platform);
+};
+
+module.exports = config;
+```
+
+## Required Lib Files
+
+Create these files in `src/lib/`:
+
+### 1. make-webgpu-renderer.ts
+
+```ts
+import type { NativeCanvas } from "react-native-wgpu";
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+
+export class ReactNativeCanvas {
+  constructor(private canvas: NativeCanvas) {}
+
+  get width() {
+    return this.canvas.width;
+  }
+  get height() {
+    return this.canvas.height;
+  }
+  set width(width: number) {
+    this.canvas.width = width;
+  }
+  set height(height: number) {
+    this.canvas.height = height;
+  }
+  get clientWidth() {
+    return this.canvas.width;
+  }
+  get clientHeight() {
+    return this.canvas.height;
+  }
+  set clientWidth(width: number) {
+    this.canvas.width = width;
+  }
+  set clientHeight(height: number) {
+    this.canvas.height = height;
+  }
+
+  addEventListener(_type: string, _listener: EventListener) {}
+  removeEventListener(_type: string, _listener: EventListener) {}
+  dispatchEvent(_event: Event) {}
+  setPointerCapture() {}
+  releasePointerCapture() {}
+}
+
+export const makeWebGPURenderer = (
+  context: GPUCanvasContext,
+  { antialias = true }: { antialias?: boolean } = {}
+) =>
+  new THREE.WebGPURenderer({
+    antialias,
+    // @ts-expect-error
+    canvas: new ReactNativeCanvas(context.canvas),
+    context,
+  });
+```
+
+### 2. fiber-canvas.tsx
+
+```tsx
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+import React, { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
+import type { ReconcilerRoot, RootState } from "@react-three/fiber";
+import {
+  extend,
+  createRoot,
+  unmountComponentAtNode,
+  events,
+} from "@react-three/fiber";
+import type { ViewProps } from "react-native";
+import { PixelRatio } from "react-native";
+import { Canvas, type CanvasRef } from "react-native-wgpu";
+
+import {
+  makeWebGPURenderer,
+  ReactNativeCanvas,
+} from "@/lib/make-webgpu-renderer";
+
+// Extend THREE namespace for R3F - add all components you use
+extend({
+  AmbientLight: THREE.AmbientLight,
+  DirectionalLight: THREE.DirectionalLight,
+  PointLight: THREE.PointLight,
+  SpotLight: THREE.SpotLight,
+  Mesh: THREE.Mesh,
+  Group: THREE.Group,
+  Points: THREE.Points,
+  BoxGeometry: THREE.BoxGeometry,
+  SphereGeometry: THREE.SphereGeometry,
+  CylinderGeometry: THREE.CylinderGeometry,
+  ConeGeometry: THREE.ConeGeometry,
+  DodecahedronGeometry: THREE.DodecahedronGeometry,
+  BufferGeometry: THREE.BufferGeometry,
+  BufferAttribute: THREE.BufferAttribute,
+  MeshStandardMaterial: THREE.MeshStandardMaterial,
+  MeshBasicMaterial: THREE.MeshBasicMaterial,
+  PointsMaterial: THREE.PointsMaterial,
+  PerspectiveCamera: THREE.PerspectiveCamera,
+  Scene: THREE.Scene,
+});
+
+interface FiberCanvasProps {
+  children: React.ReactNode;
+  style?: ViewProps["style"];
+  camera?: THREE.PerspectiveCamera;
+  scene?: THREE.Scene;
+}
+
+export const FiberCanvas = ({
+  children,
+  style,
+  scene,
+  camera,
+}: FiberCanvasProps) => {
+  const root = useRef<ReconcilerRoot<OffscreenCanvas>>(null!);
+  const canvasRef = useRef<CanvasRef>(null);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const context = canvasRef.current!.getContext("webgpu")!;
+    const renderer = makeWebGPURenderer(context);
+
+    // @ts-expect-error - ReactNativeCanvas wraps native canvas
+    const canvas = new ReactNativeCanvas(context.canvas) as HTMLCanvasElement;
+    canvas.width = canvas.clientWidth * PixelRatio.get();
+    canvas.height = canvas.clientHeight * PixelRatio.get();
+    const size = {
+      top: 0,
+      left: 0,
+      width: canvas.clientWidth,
+      height: canvas.clientHeight,
+    };
+
+    if (!root.current) {
+      root.current = createRoot(canvas);
+    }
+    root.current.configure({
+      size,
+      events,
+      scene,
+      camera,
+      gl: renderer,
+      frameloop: "always",
+      dpr: 1,
+      onCreated: async (state: RootState) => {
+        // @ts-expect-error - WebGPU renderer has init method
+        await state.gl.init();
+        const renderFrame = state.gl.render.bind(state.gl);
+        state.gl.render = (s: THREE.Scene, c: THREE.Camera) => {
+          renderFrame(s, c);
+          context?.present();
+        };
+      },
+    });
+    root.current.render(children);
+    return () => {
+      if (canvas != null) {
+        unmountComponentAtNode(canvas!);
+      }
+    };
+  });
+
+  return <Canvas ref={canvasRef} style={style} />;
+};
+```
+
+## Basic 3D Scene
+
+```tsx
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+import { View } from "react-native";
+import { useRef } from "react";
+import { useFrame, useThree } from "@react-three/fiber";
+import { FiberCanvas } from "@/lib/fiber-canvas";
+
+function RotatingBox() {
+  const ref = useRef<THREE.Mesh>(null!);
+
+  useFrame((_, delta) => {
+    ref.current.rotation.x += delta;
+    ref.current.rotation.y += delta * 0.5;
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <mesh ref={ref}>
+      <boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} />
+      <meshStandardMaterial color="hotpink" />
+    </mesh>
+  );
+}
+
+function Scene() {
+  const { camera } = useThree();
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    camera.position.set(0, 2, 5);
+    camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);
+  }, [camera]);
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ambientLight intensity={0.5} />
+      <directionalLight position={[10, 10, 5]} intensity={1} />
+      <RotatingBox />
+    </>
+  );
+}
+
+export default function App() {
+  return (
+    <View style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+      <FiberCanvas style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+        <Scene />
+      </FiberCanvas>
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Lazy Loading (Recommended)
+
+Use React.lazy to code-split Three.js for better loading:
+
+```tsx
+import React, { Suspense } from "react";
+import { ActivityIndicator, View } from "react-native";
+
+const Scene = React.lazy(() => import("@/components/scene"));
+
+export default function Page() {
+  return (
+    <View style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+      <Suspense fallback={<ActivityIndicator size="large" />}>
+        <Scene />
+      </Suspense>
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Common Geometries
+
+```tsx
+// Box
+<mesh>
+  <boxGeometry args={[width, height, depth]} />
+  <meshStandardMaterial color="red" />
+</mesh>
+
+// Sphere
+<mesh>
+  <sphereGeometry args={[radius, widthSegments, heightSegments]} />
+  <meshStandardMaterial color="blue" />
+</mesh>
+
+// Cylinder
+<mesh>
+  <cylinderGeometry args={[radiusTop, radiusBottom, height, segments]} />
+  <meshStandardMaterial color="green" />
+</mesh>
+
+// Cone
+<mesh>
+  <coneGeometry args={[radius, height, segments]} />
+  <meshStandardMaterial color="yellow" />
+</mesh>
+```
+
+## Lighting
+
+```tsx
+// Ambient (uniform light everywhere)
+<ambientLight intensity={0.5} />
+
+// Directional (sun-like)
+<directionalLight position={[10, 10, 5]} intensity={1} />
+
+// Point (light bulb)
+<pointLight position={[0, 5, 0]} intensity={2} distance={10} />
+
+// Spot (flashlight)
+<spotLight position={[0, 10, 0]} angle={0.3} penumbra={1} intensity={2} />
+```
+
+## Animation with useFrame
+
+```tsx
+import { useFrame } from "@react-three/fiber";
+import { useRef } from "react";
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+
+function AnimatedMesh() {
+  const ref = useRef<THREE.Mesh>(null!);
+
+  // Runs every frame - delta is time since last frame
+  useFrame((state, delta) => {
+    // Rotate
+    ref.current.rotation.y += delta;
+
+    // Oscillate position
+    ref.current.position.y = Math.sin(state.clock.elapsedTime) * 2;
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <mesh ref={ref}>
+      <boxGeometry />
+      <meshStandardMaterial color="orange" />
+    </mesh>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Particle Systems
+
+```tsx
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+import { useRef, useEffect } from "react";
+import { useFrame } from "@react-three/fiber";
+
+function Particles({ count = 500 }) {
+  const ref = useRef<THREE.Points>(null!);
+  const positions = useRef<Float32Array>(new Float32Array(count * 3));
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+      positions.current[i * 3] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 50;
+      positions.current[i * 3 + 1] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 50;
+      positions.current[i * 3 + 2] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 50;
+    }
+  }, [count]);
+
+  useFrame((_, delta) => {
+    // Animate particles
+    for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+      positions.current[i * 3 + 1] -= delta * 2;
+      if (positions.current[i * 3 + 1] < -25) {
+        positions.current[i * 3 + 1] = 25;
+      }
+    }
+    ref.current.geometry.attributes.position.needsUpdate = true;
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <points ref={ref}>
+      <bufferGeometry>
+        <bufferAttribute
+          attach="attributes-position"
+          args={[positions.current, 3]}
+        />
+      </bufferGeometry>
+      <pointsMaterial color="#ffffff" size={0.2} sizeAttenuation />
+    </points>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Touch Controls (Orbit)
+
+See the full `orbit-controls.tsx` implementation in the lib files. Usage:
+
+```tsx
+import { View } from "react-native";
+import { FiberCanvas } from "@/lib/fiber-canvas";
+import useControls from "@/lib/orbit-controls";
+
+function Scene() {
+  const [OrbitControls, events] = useControls();
+
+  return (
+    <View style={{ flex: 1 }} {...events}>
+      <FiberCanvas style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+        <OrbitControls />
+        {/* Your 3D content */}
+      </FiberCanvas>
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+## Common Issues & Solutions
+
+### 1. "X is not part of the THREE namespace"
+
+**Problem:** Error like `AmbientLight is not part of the THREE namespace`
+
+**Solution:** Add the missing component to the `extend()` call in fiber-canvas.tsx:
+
+```tsx
+extend({
+  AmbientLight: THREE.AmbientLight,
+  // Add other missing components...
+});
+```
+
+### 2. TypeScript Errors with Three.js
+
+**Problem:** Type mismatches between three.js and R3F
+
+**Solution:** Use `@ts-expect-error` comments where needed:
+
+```tsx
+// @ts-expect-error - WebGPU renderer types don't match
+await state.gl.init();
+```
+
+### 3. Blank Screen
+
+**Problem:** Canvas renders but nothing visible
+
+**Solution:**
+
+1. Ensure camera is positioned correctly and looking at scene
+2. Add lighting (objects are black without light)
+3. Check that `extend()` includes all components used
+
+### 4. Performance Issues
+
+**Problem:** Low frame rate or stuttering
+
+**Solution:**
+
+- Reduce polygon count in geometries
+- Use `useMemo` for static data
+- Limit particle count
+- Use `instancedMesh` for many identical objects
+
+### 5. Peer Dependency Errors
+
+**Problem:** npm install fails with ERESOLVE
+
+**Solution:** Use `--legacy-peer-deps`:
+
+```bash
+npm install <packages> --legacy-peer-deps
+```
+
+## Building
+
+WebGPU requires a custom build:
+
+```bash
+npx expo prebuild
+npx expo run:ios
+```
+
+**Note:** WebGPU does NOT work in Expo Go.
+
+## File Structure
+
+```
+src/
+├── app/
+│   └── index.tsx           # Entry point with lazy loading
+├── components/
+│   ├── scene.tsx           # Main 3D scene
+│   └── game.tsx            # Game logic
+└── lib/
+    ├── fiber-canvas.tsx    # R3F canvas wrapper
+    ├── make-webgpu-renderer.ts  # WebGPU renderer
+    └── orbit-controls.tsx  # Touch controls
+```
+
+## Decision Tree
+
+```
+Need 3D graphics?
+├── Simple shapes → mesh + geometry + material
+├── Animated objects → useFrame + refs
+├── Many objects → instancedMesh
+├── Particles → Points + BufferGeometry
+│
+Need interaction?
+├── Orbit camera → useControls hook
+├── Touch objects → onClick on mesh
+├── Gestures → react-native-gesture-handler
+│
+Performance critical?
+├── Static geometry → useMemo
+├── Many instances → InstancedMesh
+└── Complex scenes → LOD (Level of Detail)
+```
+
+## Example: Complete Game Scene
+
+```tsx
+import * as THREE from "three/webgpu";
+import { View, Text, Pressable } from "react-native";
+import { useRef, useState, useCallback } from "react";
+import { useFrame, useThree } from "@react-three/fiber";
+import { FiberCanvas } from "@/lib/fiber-canvas";
+
+function Player({ position }: { position: THREE.Vector3 }) {
+  const ref = useRef<THREE.Mesh>(null!);
+
+  useFrame(() => {
+    ref.current.position.copy(position);
+  });
+
+  return (
+    <mesh ref={ref}>
+      <coneGeometry args={[0.5, 1, 8]} />
+      <meshStandardMaterial color="#00ffff" />
+    </mesh>
+  );
+}
+
+function GameScene({ playerX }: { playerX: number }) {
+  const { camera } = useThree();
+  const playerPos = useRef(new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0));
+
+  playerPos.current.x = playerX;
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    camera.position.set(0, 10, 15);
+    camera.lookAt(0, 0, 0);
+  }, [camera]);
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      <ambientLight intensity={0.5} />
+      <directionalLight position={[5, 10, 5]} />
+      <Player position={playerPos.current} />
+    </>
+  );
+}
+
+export default function Game() {
+  const [playerX, setPlayerX] = useState(0);
+
+  return (
+    <View style={{ flex: 1, backgroundColor: "#000" }}>
+      <FiberCanvas style={{ flex: 1 }}>
+        <GameScene playerX={playerX} />
+      </FiberCanvas>
+
+      <View style={{ position: "absolute", bottom: 40, flexDirection: "row" }}>
+        <Pressable onPress={() => setPlayerX((x) => x - 1)}>
+          <Text style={{ color: "#fff", fontSize: 32 }}>◀</Text>
+        </Pressable>
+        <Pressable onPress={() => setPlayerX((x) => x + 1)}>
+          <Text style={{ color: "#fff", fontSize: 32 }}>▶</Text>
+        </Pressable>
+      </View>
+    </View>
+  );
+}
+```