aigroup-workflow 2.2.0 → 2.2.2

package/skills/database/postgres-pro/references/replication.md

@@ -1,446 +1,446 @@
-# PostgreSQL Replication
-
-## Streaming Replication (Physical)
-
-### Primary Server Setup
-
-```sql
--- postgresql.conf
-wal_level = replica
-max_wal_senders = 10
-max_replication_slots = 10
-wal_keep_size = 1GB  # Or 1024MB for older versions
-hot_standby = on
-archive_mode = on
-archive_command = 'cp %p /var/lib/postgresql/wal_archive/%f'
-
--- pg_hba.conf (allow replication connections)
-host replication replicator 10.0.0.0/24 scram-sha-256
-```
-
-```sql
--- Create replication user
-CREATE ROLE replicator WITH REPLICATION LOGIN PASSWORD 'secure_password';
-
--- Create replication slot (prevents WAL deletion)
-SELECT * FROM pg_create_physical_replication_slot('replica_1');
-```
-
-### Standby Server Setup
-
-```bash
-# Stop PostgreSQL on standby
-systemctl stop postgresql
-
-# Remove data directory
-rm -rf /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/*
-
-# Base backup from primary
-pg_basebackup -h primary-host -D /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
-  -U replicator -P -v -R -X stream -S replica_1
-
-# -R creates standby.signal and recovery config
-# -X stream: stream WAL during backup
-# -S replica_1: use replication slot
-```
-
-```sql
--- standby.signal file created by pg_basebackup -R
--- recovery parameters in postgresql.auto.conf:
-primary_conninfo = 'host=primary-host port=5432 user=replicator password=secure_password'
-primary_slot_name = 'replica_1'
-```
-
-### Monitoring Replication
-
-```sql
--- On primary: Check replication status
-SELECT
-  client_addr,
-  state,
-  sync_state,
-  sent_lsn,
-  write_lsn,
-  flush_lsn,
-  replay_lsn,
-  pg_wal_lsn_diff(sent_lsn, replay_lsn) as lag_bytes
-FROM pg_stat_replication;
-
--- On standby: Check replay lag
-SELECT
-  now() - pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp() AS replication_lag;
-
--- Check replication slots
-SELECT
-  slot_name,
-  slot_type,
-  active,
-  restart_lsn,
-  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), restart_lsn) as retained_bytes
-FROM pg_replication_slots;
-```
-
-### Synchronous Replication
-
-```sql
--- postgresql.conf on primary
-synchronous_commit = on
-synchronous_standby_names = 'FIRST 1 (replica_1, replica_2)'
-# Waits for 1 standby to confirm before commit
-
-# Options:
-# FIRST n (names): Wait for n standbys
-# ANY n (names): Wait for any n standbys
-# name: Wait for specific standby
-
--- Query to check sync status
-SELECT
-  application_name,
-  sync_state,
-  state
-FROM pg_stat_replication;
--- sync_state: sync (synchronous), async, potential
-```
-
-## Logical Replication (Row-level)
-
-### Publisher Setup
-
-```sql
--- postgresql.conf
-wal_level = logical
-max_replication_slots = 10
-max_wal_senders = 10
-
--- Create publication (all tables)
-CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR ALL TABLES;
-
--- Or specific tables
-CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR TABLE users, orders;
-
--- Or tables matching pattern (PG15+)
-CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR TABLES IN SCHEMA public;
-
--- With row filters (PG15+)
-CREATE PUBLICATION active_users FOR TABLE users WHERE (active = true);
-
--- View publications
-SELECT * FROM pg_publication;
-SELECT * FROM pg_publication_tables;
-```
-
-### Subscriber Setup
-
-```sql
--- Create subscription (creates replication slot on publisher)
-CREATE SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription
-CONNECTION 'host=publisher-host port=5432 dbname=mydb user=replicator password=pass'
-PUBLICATION my_publication;
-
--- Subscription options
-CREATE SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription
-CONNECTION 'host=publisher-host dbname=mydb user=replicator'
-PUBLICATION my_publication
-WITH (
-  copy_data = true,           -- Initial data copy
-  create_slot = true,          -- Create replication slot
-  enabled = true,              -- Start immediately
-  slot_name = 'my_sub_slot',
-  synchronous_commit = 'off'   -- Performance vs durability
-);
-
--- View subscriptions
-SELECT * FROM pg_subscription;
-SELECT * FROM pg_stat_subscription;
-
--- Manage subscription
-ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription DISABLE;
-ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription ENABLE;
-ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription REFRESH PUBLICATION;
-DROP SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription;
-```
-
-### Logical Replication Monitoring
-
-```sql
--- On publisher: Check replication slots
-SELECT
-  slot_name,
-  plugin,
-  slot_type,
-  active,
-  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), confirmed_flush_lsn) as lag_bytes
-FROM pg_replication_slots
-WHERE slot_type = 'logical';
-
--- On subscriber: Check subscription status
-SELECT
-  subname,
-  pid,
-  received_lsn,
-  latest_end_lsn,
-  last_msg_send_time,
-  last_msg_receipt_time,
-  latest_end_time
-FROM pg_stat_subscription;
-```
-
-## Cascading Replication
-
-```
-Primary -> Standby1 -> Standby2
-```
-
-```sql
--- On Standby1 (acts as relay)
--- postgresql.conf
-hot_standby = on
-max_wal_senders = 10
-wal_keep_size = 1GB
-
--- Standby2 connects to Standby1
--- Same setup as regular standby, but primary_conninfo points to Standby1
-primary_conninfo = 'host=standby1-host user=replicator...'
-```
-
-## Delayed Replication (Delayed Standby)
-
-```sql
--- On standby: postgresql.conf
-recovery_min_apply_delay = '4h'
-
--- Useful for:
--- - Protection against accidental data deletion
--- - Rolling back to specific point in time
--- - Can promote delayed standby to recover dropped table
-
--- Check delay
-SELECT now() - pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp() AS current_delay;
-```
-
-## Failover and Promotion
-
-### Manual Failover
-
-```bash
-# On standby server
-# Promote standby to primary
-pg_ctl promote -D /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
-
-# Or use SQL
-SELECT pg_promote();
-
-# Verify promotion
-SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();  -- Should return false
-```
-
-### Automatic Failover with pg_auto_failover
-
-```bash
-# Install pg_auto_failover
-apt-get install pg-auto-failover
-
-# Setup monitor node
-pg_autoctl create monitor --hostname monitor-host --pgdata /var/lib/monitor
-
-# Setup primary
-pg_autoctl create postgres \
-  --hostname primary-host \
-  --pgdata /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
-  --monitor postgres://monitor-host/pg_auto_failover
-
-# Setup standby
-pg_autoctl create postgres \
-  --hostname standby-host \
-  --pgdata /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
-  --monitor postgres://monitor-host/pg_auto_failover
-
-# Check status
-pg_autoctl show state
-```
-
-### Patroni (Production HA Solution)
-
-```yaml
-# patroni.yml
-scope: postgres-cluster
-name: node1
-
-restapi:
-  listen: 0.0.0.0:8008
-  connect_address: node1:8008
-
-etcd:
-  hosts: etcd1:2379,etcd2:2379,etcd3:2379
-
-bootstrap:
-  dcs:
-    ttl: 30
-    loop_wait: 10
-    retry_timeout: 10
-    maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
-    postgresql:
-      use_pg_rewind: true
-      parameters:
-        max_connections: 100
-        max_wal_senders: 10
-        wal_level: replica
-
-postgresql:
-  listen: 0.0.0.0:5432
-  connect_address: node1:5432
-  data_dir: /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
-  authentication:
-    replication:
-      username: replicator
-      password: repl_password
-    superuser:
-      username: postgres
-      password: postgres_password
-```
-
-## Connection Pooling for HA
-
-### PgBouncer Configuration
-
-```ini
-# pgbouncer.ini
-[databases]
-mydb = host=primary-host port=5432 dbname=mydb
-
-[pgbouncer]
-listen_addr = *
-listen_port = 6432
-auth_type = scram-sha-256
-auth_file = /etc/pgbouncer/userlist.txt
-pool_mode = transaction
-max_client_conn = 1000
-default_pool_size = 25
-reserve_pool_size = 5
-```
-
-### HAProxy for Load Balancing
-
-```
-# haproxy.cfg
-frontend postgres_frontend
-    bind *:5432
-    mode tcp
-    default_backend postgres_backend
-
-backend postgres_backend
-    mode tcp
-    option tcp-check
-    tcp-check expect string is_master:true
-
-    server primary primary-host:5432 check
-    server standby1 standby1-host:5432 check backup
-    server standby2 standby2-host:5432 check backup
-```
-
-## Backup and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
-
-### WAL Archiving Setup
-
-```sql
--- postgresql.conf
-wal_level = replica
-archive_mode = on
-archive_command = 'test ! -f /backup/wal/%f && cp %p /backup/wal/%f'
-archive_timeout = 300  # Force archive every 5 minutes
-
--- Or use pg_archivecleanup
-archive_command = 'pgbackrest --stanza=main archive-push %p'
-```
-
-### Base Backup with pg_basebackup
-
-```bash
-# Full backup
-pg_basebackup -h localhost -U postgres \
-  -D /backup/base/$(date +%Y%m%d) \
-  -Ft -z -P -X fetch
-
-# -Ft: tar format
-# -z: gzip compression
-# -P: progress
-# -X fetch: include WAL files
-```
-
-### Point-in-Time Recovery
-
-```bash
-# Stop PostgreSQL
-systemctl stop postgresql
-
-# Restore base backup
-rm -rf /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/*
-tar -xzf /backup/base/20241201/base.tar.gz -C /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
-
-# Create recovery.signal
-touch /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/recovery.signal
-
-# Configure recovery
-# postgresql.conf or postgresql.auto.conf:
-restore_command = 'cp /backup/wal/%f %p'
-recovery_target_time = '2024-12-01 14:30:00'
-# Or: recovery_target_xid, recovery_target_name, recovery_target_lsn
-
-# Start PostgreSQL (will recover to target)
-systemctl start postgresql
-
-# After recovery, check
-SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();  # Should be false after recovery completes
-```
-
-## Monitoring Best Practices
-
-```sql
--- Create monitoring view
-CREATE VIEW replication_status AS
-SELECT
-  client_addr,
-  application_name,
-  state,
-  sync_state,
-  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), replay_lsn) / 1024 / 1024 AS lag_mb,
-  (pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), replay_lsn)::float /
-   (1024 * 1024 * 16))::int AS estimated_wal_segments_behind
-FROM pg_stat_replication;
-
--- Alert if lag > 100MB
-SELECT * FROM replication_status WHERE lag_mb > 100;
-
--- Check replication slot disk usage
-SELECT
-  slot_name,
-  pg_size_pretty(
-    pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), restart_lsn)
-  ) as retained_wal
-FROM pg_replication_slots;
-```
-
-## Troubleshooting
-
-```sql
--- Replication broken?
--- 1. Check pg_stat_replication on primary
-SELECT * FROM pg_stat_replication;
-
--- 2. Check logs on standby
--- tail -f /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-14-main.log
-
--- 3. Check replication slot exists
-SELECT * FROM pg_replication_slots WHERE slot_name = 'replica_1';
-
--- 4. Recreate slot if missing
-SELECT pg_create_physical_replication_slot('replica_1');
-
--- 5. Check WAL files available
--- ls -lh /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/pg_wal/
-
--- Standby too far behind?
--- Option 1: Increase wal_keep_size
--- Option 2: Use replication slots
--- Option 3: Re-run pg_basebackup
-```
+# PostgreSQL Replication
+
+## Streaming Replication (Physical)
+
+### Primary Server Setup
+
+```sql
+-- postgresql.conf
+wal_level = replica
+max_wal_senders = 10
+max_replication_slots = 10
+wal_keep_size = 1GB  # Or 1024MB for older versions
+hot_standby = on
+archive_mode = on
+archive_command = 'cp %p /var/lib/postgresql/wal_archive/%f'
+
+-- pg_hba.conf (allow replication connections)
+host replication replicator 10.0.0.0/24 scram-sha-256
+```
+
+```sql
+-- Create replication user
+CREATE ROLE replicator WITH REPLICATION LOGIN PASSWORD 'secure_password';
+
+-- Create replication slot (prevents WAL deletion)
+SELECT * FROM pg_create_physical_replication_slot('replica_1');
+```
+
+### Standby Server Setup
+
+```bash
+# Stop PostgreSQL on standby
+systemctl stop postgresql
+
+# Remove data directory
+rm -rf /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/*
+
+# Base backup from primary
+pg_basebackup -h primary-host -D /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
+  -U replicator -P -v -R -X stream -S replica_1
+
+# -R creates standby.signal and recovery config
+# -X stream: stream WAL during backup
+# -S replica_1: use replication slot
+```
+
+```sql
+-- standby.signal file created by pg_basebackup -R
+-- recovery parameters in postgresql.auto.conf:
+primary_conninfo = 'host=primary-host port=5432 user=replicator password=secure_password'
+primary_slot_name = 'replica_1'
+```
+
+### Monitoring Replication
+
+```sql
+-- On primary: Check replication status
+SELECT
+  client_addr,
+  state,
+  sync_state,
+  sent_lsn,
+  write_lsn,
+  flush_lsn,
+  replay_lsn,
+  pg_wal_lsn_diff(sent_lsn, replay_lsn) as lag_bytes
+FROM pg_stat_replication;
+
+-- On standby: Check replay lag
+SELECT
+  now() - pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp() AS replication_lag;
+
+-- Check replication slots
+SELECT
+  slot_name,
+  slot_type,
+  active,
+  restart_lsn,
+  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), restart_lsn) as retained_bytes
+FROM pg_replication_slots;
+```
+
+### Synchronous Replication
+
+```sql
+-- postgresql.conf on primary
+synchronous_commit = on
+synchronous_standby_names = 'FIRST 1 (replica_1, replica_2)'
+# Waits for 1 standby to confirm before commit
+
+# Options:
+# FIRST n (names): Wait for n standbys
+# ANY n (names): Wait for any n standbys
+# name: Wait for specific standby
+
+-- Query to check sync status
+SELECT
+  application_name,
+  sync_state,
+  state
+FROM pg_stat_replication;
+-- sync_state: sync (synchronous), async, potential
+```
+
+## Logical Replication (Row-level)
+
+### Publisher Setup
+
+```sql
+-- postgresql.conf
+wal_level = logical
+max_replication_slots = 10
+max_wal_senders = 10
+
+-- Create publication (all tables)
+CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR ALL TABLES;
+
+-- Or specific tables
+CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR TABLE users, orders;
+
+-- Or tables matching pattern (PG15+)
+CREATE PUBLICATION my_publication FOR TABLES IN SCHEMA public;
+
+-- With row filters (PG15+)
+CREATE PUBLICATION active_users FOR TABLE users WHERE (active = true);
+
+-- View publications
+SELECT * FROM pg_publication;
+SELECT * FROM pg_publication_tables;
+```
+
+### Subscriber Setup
+
+```sql
+-- Create subscription (creates replication slot on publisher)
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription
+CONNECTION 'host=publisher-host port=5432 dbname=mydb user=replicator password=pass'
+PUBLICATION my_publication;
+
+-- Subscription options
+CREATE SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription
+CONNECTION 'host=publisher-host dbname=mydb user=replicator'
+PUBLICATION my_publication
+WITH (
+  copy_data = true,           -- Initial data copy
+  create_slot = true,          -- Create replication slot
+  enabled = true,              -- Start immediately
+  slot_name = 'my_sub_slot',
+  synchronous_commit = 'off'   -- Performance vs durability
+);
+
+-- View subscriptions
+SELECT * FROM pg_subscription;
+SELECT * FROM pg_stat_subscription;
+
+-- Manage subscription
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription DISABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription ENABLE;
+ALTER SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription REFRESH PUBLICATION;
+DROP SUBSCRIPTION my_subscription;
+```
+
+### Logical Replication Monitoring
+
+```sql
+-- On publisher: Check replication slots
+SELECT
+  slot_name,
+  plugin,
+  slot_type,
+  active,
+  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), confirmed_flush_lsn) as lag_bytes
+FROM pg_replication_slots
+WHERE slot_type = 'logical';
+
+-- On subscriber: Check subscription status
+SELECT
+  subname,
+  pid,
+  received_lsn,
+  latest_end_lsn,
+  last_msg_send_time,
+  last_msg_receipt_time,
+  latest_end_time
+FROM pg_stat_subscription;
+```
+
+## Cascading Replication
+
+```
+Primary -> Standby1 -> Standby2
+```
+
+```sql
+-- On Standby1 (acts as relay)
+-- postgresql.conf
+hot_standby = on
+max_wal_senders = 10
+wal_keep_size = 1GB
+
+-- Standby2 connects to Standby1
+-- Same setup as regular standby, but primary_conninfo points to Standby1
+primary_conninfo = 'host=standby1-host user=replicator...'
+```
+
+## Delayed Replication (Delayed Standby)
+
+```sql
+-- On standby: postgresql.conf
+recovery_min_apply_delay = '4h'
+
+-- Useful for:
+-- - Protection against accidental data deletion
+-- - Rolling back to specific point in time
+-- - Can promote delayed standby to recover dropped table
+
+-- Check delay
+SELECT now() - pg_last_xact_replay_timestamp() AS current_delay;
+```
+
+## Failover and Promotion
+
+### Manual Failover
+
+```bash
+# On standby server
+# Promote standby to primary
+pg_ctl promote -D /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
+
+# Or use SQL
+SELECT pg_promote();
+
+# Verify promotion
+SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();  -- Should return false
+```
+
+### Automatic Failover with pg_auto_failover
+
+```bash
+# Install pg_auto_failover
+apt-get install pg-auto-failover
+
+# Setup monitor node
+pg_autoctl create monitor --hostname monitor-host --pgdata /var/lib/monitor
+
+# Setup primary
+pg_autoctl create postgres \
+  --hostname primary-host \
+  --pgdata /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
+  --monitor postgres://monitor-host/pg_auto_failover
+
+# Setup standby
+pg_autoctl create postgres \
+  --hostname standby-host \
+  --pgdata /var/lib/postgresql/14/main \
+  --monitor postgres://monitor-host/pg_auto_failover
+
+# Check status
+pg_autoctl show state
+```
+
+### Patroni (Production HA Solution)
+
+```yaml
+# patroni.yml
+scope: postgres-cluster
+name: node1
+
+restapi:
+  listen: 0.0.0.0:8008
+  connect_address: node1:8008
+
+etcd:
+  hosts: etcd1:2379,etcd2:2379,etcd3:2379
+
+bootstrap:
+  dcs:
+    ttl: 30
+    loop_wait: 10
+    retry_timeout: 10
+    maximum_lag_on_failover: 1048576
+    postgresql:
+      use_pg_rewind: true
+      parameters:
+        max_connections: 100
+        max_wal_senders: 10
+        wal_level: replica
+
+postgresql:
+  listen: 0.0.0.0:5432
+  connect_address: node1:5432
+  data_dir: /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
+  authentication:
+    replication:
+      username: replicator
+      password: repl_password
+    superuser:
+      username: postgres
+      password: postgres_password
+```
+
+## Connection Pooling for HA
+
+### PgBouncer Configuration
+
+```ini
+# pgbouncer.ini
+[databases]
+mydb = host=primary-host port=5432 dbname=mydb
+
+[pgbouncer]
+listen_addr = *
+listen_port = 6432
+auth_type = scram-sha-256
+auth_file = /etc/pgbouncer/userlist.txt
+pool_mode = transaction
+max_client_conn = 1000
+default_pool_size = 25
+reserve_pool_size = 5
+```
+
+### HAProxy for Load Balancing
+
+```
+# haproxy.cfg
+frontend postgres_frontend
+    bind *:5432
+    mode tcp
+    default_backend postgres_backend
+
+backend postgres_backend
+    mode tcp
+    option tcp-check
+    tcp-check expect string is_master:true
+
+    server primary primary-host:5432 check
+    server standby1 standby1-host:5432 check backup
+    server standby2 standby2-host:5432 check backup
+```
+
+## Backup and Point-in-Time Recovery (PITR)
+
+### WAL Archiving Setup
+
+```sql
+-- postgresql.conf
+wal_level = replica
+archive_mode = on
+archive_command = 'test ! -f /backup/wal/%f && cp %p /backup/wal/%f'
+archive_timeout = 300  # Force archive every 5 minutes
+
+-- Or use pg_archivecleanup
+archive_command = 'pgbackrest --stanza=main archive-push %p'
+```
+
+### Base Backup with pg_basebackup
+
+```bash
+# Full backup
+pg_basebackup -h localhost -U postgres \
+  -D /backup/base/$(date +%Y%m%d) \
+  -Ft -z -P -X fetch
+
+# -Ft: tar format
+# -z: gzip compression
+# -P: progress
+# -X fetch: include WAL files
+```
+
+### Point-in-Time Recovery
+
+```bash
+# Stop PostgreSQL
+systemctl stop postgresql
+
+# Restore base backup
+rm -rf /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/*
+tar -xzf /backup/base/20241201/base.tar.gz -C /var/lib/postgresql/14/main
+
+# Create recovery.signal
+touch /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/recovery.signal
+
+# Configure recovery
+# postgresql.conf or postgresql.auto.conf:
+restore_command = 'cp /backup/wal/%f %p'
+recovery_target_time = '2024-12-01 14:30:00'
+# Or: recovery_target_xid, recovery_target_name, recovery_target_lsn
+
+# Start PostgreSQL (will recover to target)
+systemctl start postgresql
+
+# After recovery, check
+SELECT pg_is_in_recovery();  # Should be false after recovery completes
+```
+
+## Monitoring Best Practices
+
+```sql
+-- Create monitoring view
+CREATE VIEW replication_status AS
+SELECT
+  client_addr,
+  application_name,
+  state,
+  sync_state,
+  pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), replay_lsn) / 1024 / 1024 AS lag_mb,
+  (pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), replay_lsn)::float /
+   (1024 * 1024 * 16))::int AS estimated_wal_segments_behind
+FROM pg_stat_replication;
+
+-- Alert if lag > 100MB
+SELECT * FROM replication_status WHERE lag_mb > 100;
+
+-- Check replication slot disk usage
+SELECT
+  slot_name,
+  pg_size_pretty(
+    pg_wal_lsn_diff(pg_current_wal_lsn(), restart_lsn)
+  ) as retained_wal
+FROM pg_replication_slots;
+```
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+```sql
+-- Replication broken?
+-- 1. Check pg_stat_replication on primary
+SELECT * FROM pg_stat_replication;
+
+-- 2. Check logs on standby
+-- tail -f /var/log/postgresql/postgresql-14-main.log
+
+-- 3. Check replication slot exists
+SELECT * FROM pg_replication_slots WHERE slot_name = 'replica_1';
+
+-- 4. Recreate slot if missing
+SELECT pg_create_physical_replication_slot('replica_1');
+
+-- 5. Check WAL files available
+-- ls -lh /var/lib/postgresql/14/main/pg_wal/
+
+-- Standby too far behind?
+-- Option 1: Increase wal_keep_size
+-- Option 2: Use replication slots
+-- Option 3: Re-run pg_basebackup
+```