@syllst/ka 0.3.7 → 0.3.8

package/dist/lesson-06-DcGxfTbB.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-06-DcGxfTbB.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-06.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-alphabet-lesson-06\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 6 — ხმოვანი თანხმოვნები\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Voiced Consonants: ბ გ დ ზ — Completing the three-way stop system with voiced stops and the fricative z\\\"\\norder: 6\\nparentId: georgian-alphabet\\ndifficulty: beginner\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - consonants\\n  - voiced\\n  - basic-characters\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 25\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-05\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-voiced-recognition\\n      description: \\\"Recognize the voiced consonants ბ გ დ ზ\\\"\\n      skill: character-recognition\\n      references: [bani, gani, doni, zeni]\\n    - id: obj-three-way-contrast\\n      description: \\\"Understand the three-way stop contrast: voiced, aspirated, and ejective\\\"\\n      skill: character-sound-mapping\\n      references: [bani, gani, doni]\\n    - id: obj-voiced-word-reading\\n      description: \\\"Read simple words using voiced consonants\\\"\\n      skill: word-recognition\\n      references: [bani, gani, doni, zeni]\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 6 (Lesson 6) — Voiced Consonants\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian has a remarkable **three-way distinction** among stop consonants that is rare among the world's languages. While English distinguishes only voiced and voiceless stops (b vs p), Georgian adds a third category: **ejective** stops. In this lesson, you learn the **voiced** members of this system, plus the voiced fricative ზ.\\n\\n## The Three-Way Stop System\\n\\nUnderstanding this system is key to Georgian phonology:\\n\\n| Type | Lips (labial) | Tongue-tip (dental) | Back (velar) |\\n|------|---------------|---------------------|---------------|\\n| **Voiced** | ბ /b/ | დ /d/ | გ /g/ |\\n| **Aspirated** | ფ /pʰ/ | თ /tʰ/ | ქ /kʰ/ |\\n| **Ejective** | პ /pʼ/ | ტ /tʼ/ | კ /kʼ/ |\\n\\n- **Voiced**: Vocal cords vibrate during the sound (like English b, d, g)\\n- **Aspirated**: A puff of air follows the release (like English p, t, k at the start of a word)\\n- **Ejective**: The glottis closes, creating a sharp, popping sound (unique to Georgian and other Caucasian languages)\\n\\n## Characters\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"georgian-voiced-consonants\\\" title=\\\"Voiced Consonants\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"bani\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"bani\\\" char=\\\"ბ\\\" name=\\\"ბ ბანი (Bani)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"b\\\" data:ipa=\\\"b\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"gani\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"gani\\\" char=\\\"გ\\\" name=\\\"გ განი (Gani)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"g\\\" data:ipa=\\\"ɡ\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"doni\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"doni\\\" char=\\\"დ\\\" name=\\\"დ დონი (Doni)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"stop\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"d\\\" data:ipa=\\\"d\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"zeni\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"zeni\\\" char=\\\"ზ\\\" name=\\\"ზ ზენი (Zeni)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"fricative\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiced\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"z\\\" data:ipa=\\\"z\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Pronunciation Guide\\n\\n### ბ (Bani) - /b/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"b\\\" in \\\"boy.\\\" This is the voiced counterpart to aspirated ფ and ejective პ. Place your hand on your throat while saying it and you should feel vibration.\\n\\n### გ (Gani) - /g/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"g\\\" in \\\"go.\\\" The voiced counterpart to aspirated ქ and ejective კ. This is a velar stop produced at the back of the mouth.\\n\\n### დ (Doni) - /d/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"d\\\" in \\\"do.\\\" The voiced counterpart to aspirated თ and ejective ტ. Georgian dental stops are produced with the tongue touching the teeth, slightly more forward than English.\\n\\n### ზ (Zeni) - /z/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"z\\\" in \\\"zoo.\\\" This is a voiced alveolar fricative. Unlike the stops above, ზ does not have a three-way contrast; it pairs only with its voiceless counterpart ს.\\n\\n## Practice Words\\n\\n| Word | Transliteration | Meaning | Notes |\\n|------|----------------|---------|-------|\\n| ბაგა | baga | garden | Uses ბ with vowels |\\n| გარი | gari | gari | Uses გ with vowels |\\n| დილა | dila | morning | Common greeting word |\\n| ზამა | zama | zama | Uses ზ with vowels |\\n\\n## Recognizing the Shapes\\n\\nEach Mkhedruli letter has a distinctive shape:\\n\\n- **ბ** has a rounded body with a descending stroke\\n- **გ** features a curved hook shape\\n- **დ** has a compact, rounded form\\n- **ზ** has a distinctive zigzag-like stroke\\n\\nPractice tracing each letter to build muscle memory for recognition.\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **Three-way contrast**: Georgian stops come in voiced/aspirated/ejective triples\\n2. **Voiced = vibration**: Feel your throat vibrate for ბ, გ, დ, ზ\\n3. **ზ is a fricative**: It pairs with voiceless ს rather than fitting the three-way stop pattern\\n4. **Dental articulation**: Georgian dental sounds are produced slightly more forward than English\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"voiced-recognition-06\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Voiced Consonant Recognition\\\" skill=\\\"character-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"bani,gani,doni,zeni\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-voiced-recognition\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each Georgian letter to its transliteration\\n\\n- ბ\\n- გ\\n- დ\\n- ზ\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- b (Bani) - voiced bilabial stop\\n- g (Gani) - voiced velar stop\\n- d (Doni) - voiced dental stop\\n- z (Zeni) - voiced alveolar fricative\\n\\n**Explanation:** These four consonants are all voiced, meaning the vocal cords vibrate during their production. The first three are stops (complete closure of airflow) while ზ is a fricative (partial obstruction).\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"three-way-contrast-06\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Three-Way Stop Contrast\\\" skill=\\\"character-sound-mapping\\\" tests=\\\"bani,gani,doni\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-three-way-contrast\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Georgian has a three-way distinction among stop consonants. Which set correctly shows the voiced, aspirated, and ejective labial stops?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- ბ (voiced), ფ (aspirated), პ (ejective)\\n- ბ (voiced), პ (aspirated), ფ (ejective)\\n- ფ (voiced), ბ (aspirated), პ (ejective)\\n- პ (voiced), ფ (aspirated), ბ (ejective)\\n\\n**Answer:** 1\\n\\n**Explanation:** The three-way labial stop system is: ბ /b/ (voiced, vocal cords vibrate), ფ /pʰ/ (aspirated, puff of air), პ /pʼ/ (ejective, glottal closure). This same pattern repeats for dental (დ/თ/ტ) and velar (გ/ქ/კ) stops.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"voiced-word-reading-06\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Simple Word Reading\\\" skill=\\\"word-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"bani,gani,doni,zeni\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-voiced-word-reading\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Read each word and identify the voiced consonant it begins with\\n\\n- ბაგა (baga - garden)\\n- გარი (gari)\\n- დილა (dila - morning)\\n- ზამა (zama)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- ბ (Bani, /b/) - voiced bilabial stop\\n- გ (Gani, /g/) - voiced velar stop\\n- დ (Doni, /d/) - voiced dental stop\\n- ზ (Zeni, /z/) - voiced alveolar fricative\\n\\n**Explanation:** Each word begins with a voiced consonant. Practice reading these words aloud, paying attention to the vibration of your vocal cords on the initial consonant.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 7, you'll learn the sibilant fricative შ and the aspirated affricates ც and ჩ, expanding your knowledge of Georgian's rich consonant system.\\n\""],"names":["lesson06"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}

package/dist/lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js

@@ -1,215 +0,0 @@
-const n = `---
-type: lesson
-id: georgian-reading-lesson-07
-title: "გაკვეთილი 7 — სათაურების კითხვა (News Headlines)"
-description: "Reading and understanding short Georgian news-style headlines and text"
-order: 7
-parentId: georgian-reading
-difficulty: intermediate
-cefrLevel: B1
-categories:
-  - reading
-  - news
-  - comprehension
-metadata:
-  estimatedTime: 35
-  prerequisites:
-    - georgian-reading-lesson-06
-  learningObjectives:
-    - id: obj-read-07-headline-decode
-      description: "Read Georgian news headlines and extract the main topic"
-      skill: text-decoding
-    - id: obj-read-07-news-comprehension
-      description: "Understand the who, what, and where of simple news sentences"
-      skill: reading-comprehension
-    - id: obj-read-07-news-vocab
-      description: "Recognize common vocabulary used in Georgian news contexts"
-      skill: word-recognition
----
-
-# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — News Headlines
-
-## Introduction
-
-News headlines use compressed, direct language. They often omit articles and some grammatical markers to fit a topic into a short phrase. Reading Georgian news-style text is excellent practice because it introduces a wider vocabulary and more complex sentence patterns while remaining short enough to analyze fully.
-
-## News Vocabulary
-
-:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-read-07-news" title="News Vocabulary"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="siakhleebi" word="სიახლეები" pronunciation="si-a-khle-e-bi" meaning="news"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="motkhrobis" word="მოვლენები" pronunciation="mov-le-ne-bi" meaning="events"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="ambebi" word="ამბები" pronunciation="am-be-bi" meaning="news / happenings (informal)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="gamocxadeba" word="გამოაცხადა" pronunciation="ga-mo-ats-kha-da" meaning="announced (3rd person past)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="gamarjveba" word="გამარჯვება" pronunciation="ga-mar-jve-ba" meaning="victory"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="shekhvedra" word="შეხვედრა" pronunciation="she-khved-ra" meaning="meeting"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="gaxsna" word="გახსნა" pronunciation="ga-khsna" meaning="opening (of an exhibition, event, etc.)"}
-
-:::
-
-## Reading Georgian Headlines
-
-Headlines in Georgian typically follow a Subject-Object-Verb pattern or use nominalized verbs. Here are sample headlines with analysis:
-
----
-
-**სათაური 1:** თბილისში ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა
-
-*(Tbilisshi akhali muzeu-mi ga-i-khsna)*
-
-**Word by word:**
-- თბილისში = in Tbilisi
-- ახალი = new
-- მუზეუმი = museum
-- გაიხსნა = opened (was opened)
-
-**Translation:** A new museum opened in Tbilisi
-
----
-
-**სათაური 2:** ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა
-
-*(Kartuli nakre-bi ga-i-mar-jva)*
-
-**Word by word:**
-- ქართული = Georgian (adjective)
-- ნაკრები = national team
-- გაიმარჯვა = won / was victorious
-
-**Translation:** The Georgian national team won
-
----
-
-**სათაური 3:** საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში
-
-*(Sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so she-khved-ra Tbi-lis-shi)*
-
-**Word by word:**
-- საერთაშორისო = international
-- შეხვედრა = meeting
-- თბილისში = in Tbilisi
-
-**Translation:** International meeting in Tbilisi
-
----
-
-:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-read-07-headline-vocab" title="Headline Vocabulary"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="muzeumiread" word="მუზეუმი" pronunciation="mu-ze-u-mi" meaning="museum"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="nakrebhi" word="ნაკრები" pronunciation="nak-re-bi" meaning="national team / selection"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="gamarkjva" word="გაიმარჯვა" pronunciation="ga-i-mar-jva" meaning="won / was victorious"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="saertashor" word="საერთაშორისო" pronunciation="sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so" meaning="international"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="akhali" word="ახალი" pronunciation="a-kha-li" meaning="new"}
-
-:::
-
-## Longer News Text
-
-Read the following short news passage:
-
----
-
-**ახალი ამბები**
-
-თბილისში ახალი კულტურის ცენტრი გაიხსნა. ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში. ხელმძღვანელმა განაცხადა: "ეს ისტორიული მომენტია ქართული კულტურისთვის."
-
----
-
-**Translation:**
-
-New Cultural Center Opens in Tbilisi. The center is located in the Old Town. The director announced: "This is a historic moment for Georgian culture."
-
-:::vocabulary-set{id="ka-read-07-passage" title="News Passage Vocabulary"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="kulturis-centri" word="კულტურის ცენტრი" pronunciation="kul-tu-ris tsen-tri" meaning="cultural center"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="mdebareobs" word="მდებარეობს" pronunciation="mde-ba-re-obs" meaning="is located"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="ganackhada" word="განაცხადა" pronunciation="ga-na-tskha-da" meaning="announced (formal)"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="istoriuli" word="ისტორიული" pronunciation="is-to-ri-u-li" meaning="historic / historical"}
-
-::vocab-item{id="kulturistvis" word="კულტურისთვის" pronunciation="kul-tu-ris-tvis" meaning="for culture"}
-
-:::
-
-## Cultural Note: Georgian Media
-
-Georgia has a vibrant independent media landscape. Georgian-language news outlets include Rustavi 2, Imedi TV, and the Public Broadcaster (GPB). The news website **civil.ge** provides English-language coverage of Georgian affairs. Reading Georgian headlines is an excellent way to maintain your language skills while staying informed about Georgia's dynamic political and cultural scene.
-
-## Practice Exercises
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-07-headline-decode" type="fill-in-blank" title="Decode the Headline" skill="text-decoding" objectiveId="obj-read-07-headline-decode"}
-
-**Question:** Translate each headline into English
-
-1. ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა = The Georgian national team ___
-2. ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა = A new museum ___
-3. საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში = International ___ in Tbilisi
-
-**Answer:**
-
-1. won
-2. opened
-3. meeting
-
-**Explanation:** ნაკრები = national team, გაიმარჯვა = won. მუზეუმი = museum, გაიხსნა = opened. შეხვედრა = meeting. These verb forms (past passive or intransitive past) are common in Georgian news reporting.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-07-news-comprehension" type="multiple-choice" title="News Comprehension" skill="reading-comprehension" objectiveId="obj-read-07-news-comprehension"}
-
-**Question:** According to the news passage, where is the new cultural center located?
-
-**Options:**
-- In a new district of Tbilisi
-- In the Old Town
-- Near the train station
-- Outside the city
-
-**Answer:** 2
-
-**Explanation:** The passage states: ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში — "The center is located in the Old Town." ძველი = old, ქალაქი = town/city, -ში = in. So ძველ ქალაქში = in the Old Town.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="ka-read-07-news-vocab" type="matching" title="News Vocabulary" skill="word-recognition" objectiveId="obj-read-07-news-vocab"}
-
-**Question:** Match the Georgian news word to its English meaning
-
-- სიახლეები
-- გაიხსნა
-- ახალი
-- საერთაშორისო
-- მდებარეობს
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- სიახლეები → news
-- გაიხსნა → opened / was opened
-- ახალი → new
-- საერთაშორისო → international
-- მდებარეობს → is located
-
-**Explanation:** სიახლეები comes from სიახლე (novelty/new thing) — literally "new things," hence "news." საერთაშორისო is a compound: საერთო (common/shared) + შორის (between) + ო (suffix) = international.
-
-:::
-
-## What's Next
-
-In the final lesson of this syllabus, you will read short cultural texts about Georgian traditions — the richest and most rewarding reading challenge yet.
-`;
-export {
-  n as default
-};
-//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js.map

package/dist/lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-07-9svk0QSq.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/reading/lessons/lesson-07.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-reading-lesson-07\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 7 — სათაურების კითხვა (News Headlines)\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Reading and understanding short Georgian news-style headlines and text\\\"\\norder: 7\\nparentId: georgian-reading\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: B1\\ncategories:\\n  - reading\\n  - news\\n  - comprehension\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 35\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-reading-lesson-06\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-read-07-headline-decode\\n      description: \\\"Read Georgian news headlines and extract the main topic\\\"\\n      skill: text-decoding\\n    - id: obj-read-07-news-comprehension\\n      description: \\\"Understand the who, what, and where of simple news sentences\\\"\\n      skill: reading-comprehension\\n    - id: obj-read-07-news-vocab\\n      description: \\\"Recognize common vocabulary used in Georgian news contexts\\\"\\n      skill: word-recognition\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — News Headlines\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nNews headlines use compressed, direct language. They often omit articles and some grammatical markers to fit a topic into a short phrase. Reading Georgian news-style text is excellent practice because it introduces a wider vocabulary and more complex sentence patterns while remaining short enough to analyze fully.\\n\\n## News Vocabulary\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news\\\" title=\\\"News Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"siakhleebi\\\" word=\\\"სიახლეები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"si-a-khle-e-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"news\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"motkhrobis\\\" word=\\\"მოვლენები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mov-le-ne-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"events\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ambebi\\\" word=\\\"ამბები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"am-be-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"news / happenings (informal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamocxadeba\\\" word=\\\"გამოაცხადა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-mo-ats-kha-da\\\" meaning=\\\"announced (3rd person past)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamarjveba\\\" word=\\\"გამარჯვება\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-mar-jve-ba\\\" meaning=\\\"victory\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"shekhvedra\\\" word=\\\"შეხვედრა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"she-khved-ra\\\" meaning=\\\"meeting\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gaxsna\\\" word=\\\"გახსნა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-khsna\\\" meaning=\\\"opening (of an exhibition, event, etc.)\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Reading Georgian Headlines\\n\\nHeadlines in Georgian typically follow a Subject-Object-Verb pattern or use nominalized verbs. Here are sample headlines with analysis:\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 1:** თბილისში ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა\\n\\n*(Tbilisshi akhali muzeu-mi ga-i-khsna)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- თბილისში = in Tbilisi\\n- ახალი = new\\n- მუზეუმი = museum\\n- გაიხსნა = opened (was opened)\\n\\n**Translation:** A new museum opened in Tbilisi\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 2:** ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა\\n\\n*(Kartuli nakre-bi ga-i-mar-jva)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- ქართული = Georgian (adjective)\\n- ნაკრები = national team\\n- გაიმარჯვა = won / was victorious\\n\\n**Translation:** The Georgian national team won\\n\\n---\\n\\n**სათაური 3:** საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში\\n\\n*(Sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so she-khved-ra Tbi-lis-shi)*\\n\\n**Word by word:**\\n- საერთაშორისო = international\\n- შეხვედრა = meeting\\n- თბილისში = in Tbilisi\\n\\n**Translation:** International meeting in Tbilisi\\n\\n---\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-headline-vocab\\\" title=\\\"Headline Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"muzeumiread\\\" word=\\\"მუზეუმი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mu-ze-u-mi\\\" meaning=\\\"museum\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"nakrebhi\\\" word=\\\"ნაკრები\\\" pronunciation=\\\"nak-re-bi\\\" meaning=\\\"national team / selection\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"gamarkjva\\\" word=\\\"გაიმარჯვა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-i-mar-jva\\\" meaning=\\\"won / was victorious\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"saertashor\\\" word=\\\"საერთაშორისო\\\" pronunciation=\\\"sa-er-ta-sho-ri-so\\\" meaning=\\\"international\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"akhali\\\" word=\\\"ახალი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"a-kha-li\\\" meaning=\\\"new\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Longer News Text\\n\\nRead the following short news passage:\\n\\n---\\n\\n**ახალი ამბები**\\n\\nთბილისში ახალი კულტურის ცენტრი გაიხსნა. ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში. ხელმძღვანელმა განაცხადა: \\\"ეს ისტორიული მომენტია ქართული კულტურისთვის.\\\"\\n\\n---\\n\\n**Translation:**\\n\\nNew Cultural Center Opens in Tbilisi. The center is located in the Old Town. The director announced: \\\"This is a historic moment for Georgian culture.\\\"\\n\\n:::vocabulary-set{id=\\\"ka-read-07-passage\\\" title=\\\"News Passage Vocabulary\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kulturis-centri\\\" word=\\\"კულტურის ცენტრი\\\" pronunciation=\\\"kul-tu-ris tsen-tri\\\" meaning=\\\"cultural center\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"mdebareobs\\\" word=\\\"მდებარეობს\\\" pronunciation=\\\"mde-ba-re-obs\\\" meaning=\\\"is located\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"ganackhada\\\" word=\\\"განაცხადა\\\" pronunciation=\\\"ga-na-tskha-da\\\" meaning=\\\"announced (formal)\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"istoriuli\\\" word=\\\"ისტორიული\\\" pronunciation=\\\"is-to-ri-u-li\\\" meaning=\\\"historic / historical\\\"}\\n\\n::vocab-item{id=\\\"kulturistvis\\\" word=\\\"კულტურისთვის\\\" pronunciation=\\\"kul-tu-ris-tvis\\\" meaning=\\\"for culture\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Cultural Note: Georgian Media\\n\\nGeorgia has a vibrant independent media landscape. Georgian-language news outlets include Rustavi 2, Imedi TV, and the Public Broadcaster (GPB). The news website **civil.ge** provides English-language coverage of Georgian affairs. Reading Georgian headlines is an excellent way to maintain your language skills while staying informed about Georgia's dynamic political and cultural scene.\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-headline-decode\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Decode the Headline\\\" skill=\\\"text-decoding\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-headline-decode\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Translate each headline into English\\n\\n1. ქართული ნაკრები გაიმარჯვა = The Georgian national team ___\\n2. ახალი მუზეუმი გაიხსნა = A new museum ___\\n3. საერთაშორისო შეხვედრა თბილისში = International ___ in Tbilisi\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n1. won\\n2. opened\\n3. meeting\\n\\n**Explanation:** ნაკრები = national team, გაიმარჯვა = won. მუზეუმი = museum, გაიხსნა = opened. შეხვედრა = meeting. These verb forms (past passive or intransitive past) are common in Georgian news reporting.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news-comprehension\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"News Comprehension\\\" skill=\\\"reading-comprehension\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-news-comprehension\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** According to the news passage, where is the new cultural center located?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- In a new district of Tbilisi\\n- In the Old Town\\n- Near the train station\\n- Outside the city\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** The passage states: ცენტრი მდებარეობს ძველ ქალაქში — \\\"The center is located in the Old Town.\\\" ძველი = old, ქალაქი = town/city, -ში = in. So ძველ ქალაქში = in the Old Town.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"ka-read-07-news-vocab\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"News Vocabulary\\\" skill=\\\"word-recognition\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-read-07-news-vocab\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match the Georgian news word to its English meaning\\n\\n- სიახლეები\\n- გაიხსნა\\n- ახალი\\n- საერთაშორისო\\n- მდებარეობს\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- სიახლეები → news\\n- გაიხსნა → opened / was opened\\n- ახალი → new\\n- საერთაშორისო → international\\n- მდებარეობს → is located\\n\\n**Explanation:** სიახლეები comes from სიახლე (novelty/new thing) — literally \\\"new things,\\\" hence \\\"news.\\\" საერთაშორისო is a compound: საერთო (common/shared) + შორის (between) + ო (suffix) = international.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn the final lesson of this syllabus, you will read short cultural texts about Georgian traditions — the richest and most rewarding reading challenge yet.\\n\""],"names":["lesson07"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}

package/dist/lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js

@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-const e = `---
-type: lesson
-id: georgian-alphabet-lesson-07
-title: "გაკვეთილი 7 — სიბილანტები და აფრიკატები I"
-description: "Sibilants & Affricates I: შ ც ჩ — The sibilant fricative sh and aspirated affricates ts, ch"
-order: 7
-parentId: georgian-alphabet
-difficulty: intermediate
-cefrLevel: A1
-categories:
-  - consonants
-  - sibilants
-  - affricates
-  - intermediate-characters
-metadata:
-  estimatedTime: 30
-  prerequisites:
-    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-06
-  learningObjectives:
-    - id: obj-sibilant-recognition
-      description: "Recognize the sibilant and affricate consonants შ ც ჩ"
-      skill: character-recognition
-      references: [shini, tsani, chini]
-    - id: obj-affricate-understanding
-      description: "Understand the difference between fricatives and affricates"
-      skill: character-sound-mapping
-      references: [shini, tsani, chini]
-    - id: obj-sibilant-word-reading
-      description: "Read words containing sibilants and affricates"
-      skill: word-recognition
-      references: [shini, tsani, chini]
----
-
-# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Sibilants & Affricates I
-
-## Introduction
-
-Georgian has a rich inventory of **sibilant** sounds, which are consonants produced with a hissing or hushing quality. This lesson introduces three key members: the **voiceless fricative** შ (sh) and two **aspirated affricates** ც (ts) and ჩ (ch). These sounds are central to everyday Georgian vocabulary.
-
-## Fricatives vs Affricates
-
-Before learning the characters, it helps to understand the distinction:
-
-- **Fricative**: Air flows continuously through a narrow gap, producing a hissing sound. Think of the "sh" in English "shoe."
-- **Affricate**: The sound begins as a stop (complete closure) and releases into a fricative. Think of the "ch" in English "church" or "ts" in "cats."
-
-Georgian affricates, like its stops, come in three varieties:
-
-| Type | Alveolar (ts-type) | Postalveolar (ch-type) |
-|------|-------------------|----------------------|
-| **Voiced** | ძ /dz/ | ჯ /dʒ/ |
-| **Aspirated** | ც /tsʰ/ | ჩ /tʃʰ/ |
-| **Ejective** | წ /tsʼ/ | ჭ /tʃʼ/ |
-
-In this lesson, you learn the **aspirated** row (ც, ჩ) plus the fricative შ.
-
-## Characters
-
-:::character-set{id="georgian-sibilants-affricates-1" title="Sibilants & Affricates I"}
-
-::character{id="shini" canonicalRef="shini" char="შ" name="შ შინი (Shini)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="fricative" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="sh" data:ipa="ʃ"}
-
-::character{id="tsani" canonicalRef="tsani" char="ც" name="ც ცანი (Tsani)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="affricate" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="ts" data:ipa="t͡sʰ"}
-
-::character{id="chini" canonicalRef="chini" char="ჩ" name="ჩ ჩინი (Chini)" charType="consonant" data:phoneticCategory="affricate" data:voicing="voiceless" data:transliteration="ch" data:ipa="t͡ʃʰ"}
-
-:::
-
-## Pronunciation Guide
-
-### შ (Shini) - /ʃ/
-
-Pronounced like English "sh" in "shoe." This is a voiceless postalveolar fricative. The tongue is positioned near the roof of the mouth, and air flows through a narrow channel to create a hushing sound. Unlike the affricates, შ has no stop component.
-
-### ც (Tsani) - /tsʰ/
-
-Pronounced like the "ts" in English "cats" but with a noticeable puff of air (aspiration). This is an **aspirated alveolar affricate**. It begins with the tongue touching the alveolar ridge (like a "t") and releases into an "s" sound. Hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel the aspiration.
-
-### ჩ (Chini) - /tʃʰ/
-
-Pronounced like English "ch" in "church" but with aspiration. This is an **aspirated postalveolar affricate**. It begins with a stop (like "t") and releases into a "sh" sound. Like ც, it has a noticeable puff of air.
-
-## The Affricate Three-Way System
-
-Just as Georgian stops have voiced/aspirated/ejective triples, so do its affricates:
-
-### Alveolar (ts-type) affricates:
-| Type | Letter | Sound | Example |
-|------|--------|-------|---------|
-| Voiced | ძ | /dz/ | (Lesson 9) |
-| Aspirated | **ც** | /tsʰ/ | ცალი (tsali) |
-| Ejective | წ | /tsʼ/ | (Lesson 10) |
-
-### Postalveolar (ch-type) affricates:
-| Type | Letter | Sound | Example |
-|------|--------|-------|---------|
-| Voiced | ჯ | /dʒ/ | (Lesson 8) |
-| Aspirated | **ჩ** | /tʃʰ/ | ჩაი (chai) |
-| Ejective | ჭ | /tʃʼ/ | (Lesson 10) |
-
-## Practice Words
-
-| Word | Transliteration | Meaning | Notes |
-|------|----------------|---------|-------|
-| შინი | shini | shini | The letter name itself |
-| ცალი | tsali | one, single | Common word using ც |
-| ჩაი | chai | tea | Borrowed word, easy to remember |
-
-## Recognizing the Shapes
-
-- **შ** has a wide, spreading form with multiple strokes branching out
-- **ც** is compact with a distinctive curved tail
-- **ჩ** resembles a hook or crescent shape
-
-The visual distinction between ც and ჩ is important since their sounds are related (both are affricates). Practice identifying them side by side.
-
-## Aspiration in Georgian
-
-A key concept for English speakers: Georgian aspirated consonants (like ც and ჩ) are similar to English unvoiced consonants at the start of words. English "ch" is naturally aspirated, so ჩ should feel familiar. However, Georgian distinguishes this from the ejective versions (წ, ჭ), which have no English equivalent.
-
-## Key Points
-
-1. **შ is a pure fricative**: Continuous airflow, no stop component
-2. **ც and ჩ are aspirated affricates**: Stop + fricative release with a puff of air
-3. **Three-way system extends to affricates**: Voiced/aspirated/ejective, just like stops
-4. **ჩაი (tea) is a great mnemonic**: The Georgian word for tea sounds like English "chai"
-
-## Practice Exercises
-
-:::exercise{id="sibilant-recognition-07" type="matching" title="Sibilant & Affricate Recognition" skill="character-recognition" tests="shini,tsani,chini" objectiveId="obj-sibilant-recognition"}
-
-**Question:** Match each Georgian letter to its sound
-
-- შ
-- ც
-- ჩ
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- sh /ʃ/ (Shini) - voiceless postalveolar fricative
-- ts /tsʰ/ (Tsani) - aspirated alveolar affricate
-- ch /tʃʰ/ (Chini) - aspirated postalveolar affricate
-
-**Explanation:** შ is a pure fricative (continuous airflow), while ც and ჩ are affricates (they begin with a stop and release into a fricative). All three are voiceless but ც and ჩ have aspiration.
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="fricative-vs-affricate-07" type="multiple-choice" title="Fricative vs Affricate" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="shini,tsani,chini" objectiveId="obj-affricate-understanding"}
-
-**Question:** What is the key difference between a fricative like შ and an affricate like ჩ?
-
-**Options:**
-- Fricatives are voiced; affricates are voiceless
-- Fricatives have continuous airflow; affricates begin with a stop and release into a fricative
-- Fricatives are louder than affricates
-- There is no difference; they are the same type of sound
-
-**Answer:** 2
-
-**Explanation:** A fricative like შ (/ʃ/) has continuous airflow through a narrow gap. An affricate like ჩ (/tʃʰ/) begins with complete closure (a stop) and then releases into a fricative. This is why "ch" sounds like a combination of "t" and "sh."
-
-:::
-
-:::exercise{id="sibilant-word-reading-07" type="fill-in-blank" title="Word Reading with Sibilants" skill="word-recognition" tests="shini,tsani,chini" objectiveId="obj-sibilant-word-reading"}
-
-**Question:** Identify the sibilant or affricate consonant in each word and give its transliteration
-
-- შინი
-- ცალი (one, single)
-- ჩაი (tea)
-
-**Answer:**
-
-- შ (sh, /ʃ/) - voiceless postalveolar fricative
-- ც (ts, /tsʰ/) - aspirated alveolar affricate
-- ჩ (ch, /tʃʰ/) - aspirated postalveolar affricate
-
-**Explanation:** Each word begins with a sibilant or affricate consonant. Notice how ჩაი (chai, tea) is easy to remember because it resembles the English word "chai."
-
-:::
-
-## What's Next
-
-In Lesson 8, you'll learn the advanced fricatives ხ, ჯ, and ჟ, including the velar fricative and the voiced affricate and fricative counterparts.
-`;
-export {
-  e as default
-};
-//# sourceMappingURL=lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js.map

package/dist/lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js.map

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"lesson-07-CoWJuUIC.js","sources":["../src/syllabi/alphabet/lessons/lesson-07.mdx?raw"],"sourcesContent":["export default \"---\\ntype: lesson\\nid: georgian-alphabet-lesson-07\\ntitle: \\\"გაკვეთილი 7 — სიბილანტები და აფრიკატები I\\\"\\ndescription: \\\"Sibilants & Affricates I: შ ც ჩ — The sibilant fricative sh and aspirated affricates ts, ch\\\"\\norder: 7\\nparentId: georgian-alphabet\\ndifficulty: intermediate\\ncefrLevel: A1\\ncategories:\\n  - consonants\\n  - sibilants\\n  - affricates\\n  - intermediate-characters\\nmetadata:\\n  estimatedTime: 30\\n  prerequisites:\\n    - georgian-alphabet-lesson-06\\n  learningObjectives:\\n    - id: obj-sibilant-recognition\\n      description: \\\"Recognize the sibilant and affricate consonants შ ც ჩ\\\"\\n      skill: character-recognition\\n      references: [shini, tsani, chini]\\n    - id: obj-affricate-understanding\\n      description: \\\"Understand the difference between fricatives and affricates\\\"\\n      skill: character-sound-mapping\\n      references: [shini, tsani, chini]\\n    - id: obj-sibilant-word-reading\\n      description: \\\"Read words containing sibilants and affricates\\\"\\n      skill: word-recognition\\n      references: [shini, tsani, chini]\\n---\\n\\n# გაკვეთილი 7 (Lesson 7) — Sibilants & Affricates I\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nGeorgian has a rich inventory of **sibilant** sounds, which are consonants produced with a hissing or hushing quality. This lesson introduces three key members: the **voiceless fricative** შ (sh) and two **aspirated affricates** ც (ts) and ჩ (ch). These sounds are central to everyday Georgian vocabulary.\\n\\n## Fricatives vs Affricates\\n\\nBefore learning the characters, it helps to understand the distinction:\\n\\n- **Fricative**: Air flows continuously through a narrow gap, producing a hissing sound. Think of the \\\"sh\\\" in English \\\"shoe.\\\"\\n- **Affricate**: The sound begins as a stop (complete closure) and releases into a fricative. Think of the \\\"ch\\\" in English \\\"church\\\" or \\\"ts\\\" in \\\"cats.\\\"\\n\\nGeorgian affricates, like its stops, come in three varieties:\\n\\n| Type | Alveolar (ts-type) | Postalveolar (ch-type) |\\n|------|-------------------|----------------------|\\n| **Voiced** | ძ /dz/ | ჯ /dʒ/ |\\n| **Aspirated** | ც /tsʰ/ | ჩ /tʃʰ/ |\\n| **Ejective** | წ /tsʼ/ | ჭ /tʃʼ/ |\\n\\nIn this lesson, you learn the **aspirated** row (ც, ჩ) plus the fricative შ.\\n\\n## Characters\\n\\n:::character-set{id=\\\"georgian-sibilants-affricates-1\\\" title=\\\"Sibilants & Affricates I\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"shini\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"shini\\\" char=\\\"შ\\\" name=\\\"შ შინი (Shini)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"fricative\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"sh\\\" data:ipa=\\\"ʃ\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"tsani\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"tsani\\\" char=\\\"ც\\\" name=\\\"ც ცანი (Tsani)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"affricate\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"ts\\\" data:ipa=\\\"t͡sʰ\\\"}\\n\\n::character{id=\\\"chini\\\" canonicalRef=\\\"chini\\\" char=\\\"ჩ\\\" name=\\\"ჩ ჩინი (Chini)\\\" charType=\\\"consonant\\\" data:phoneticCategory=\\\"affricate\\\" data:voicing=\\\"voiceless\\\" data:transliteration=\\\"ch\\\" data:ipa=\\\"t͡ʃʰ\\\"}\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## Pronunciation Guide\\n\\n### შ (Shini) - /ʃ/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"sh\\\" in \\\"shoe.\\\" This is a voiceless postalveolar fricative. The tongue is positioned near the roof of the mouth, and air flows through a narrow channel to create a hushing sound. Unlike the affricates, შ has no stop component.\\n\\n### ც (Tsani) - /tsʰ/\\n\\nPronounced like the \\\"ts\\\" in English \\\"cats\\\" but with a noticeable puff of air (aspiration). This is an **aspirated alveolar affricate**. It begins with the tongue touching the alveolar ridge (like a \\\"t\\\") and releases into an \\\"s\\\" sound. Hold your hand in front of your mouth to feel the aspiration.\\n\\n### ჩ (Chini) - /tʃʰ/\\n\\nPronounced like English \\\"ch\\\" in \\\"church\\\" but with aspiration. This is an **aspirated postalveolar affricate**. It begins with a stop (like \\\"t\\\") and releases into a \\\"sh\\\" sound. Like ც, it has a noticeable puff of air.\\n\\n## The Affricate Three-Way System\\n\\nJust as Georgian stops have voiced/aspirated/ejective triples, so do its affricates:\\n\\n### Alveolar (ts-type) affricates:\\n| Type | Letter | Sound | Example |\\n|------|--------|-------|---------|\\n| Voiced | ძ | /dz/ | (Lesson 9) |\\n| Aspirated | **ც** | /tsʰ/ | ცალი (tsali) |\\n| Ejective | წ | /tsʼ/ | (Lesson 10) |\\n\\n### Postalveolar (ch-type) affricates:\\n| Type | Letter | Sound | Example |\\n|------|--------|-------|---------|\\n| Voiced | ჯ | /dʒ/ | (Lesson 8) |\\n| Aspirated | **ჩ** | /tʃʰ/ | ჩაი (chai) |\\n| Ejective | ჭ | /tʃʼ/ | (Lesson 10) |\\n\\n## Practice Words\\n\\n| Word | Transliteration | Meaning | Notes |\\n|------|----------------|---------|-------|\\n| შინი | shini | shini | The letter name itself |\\n| ცალი | tsali | one, single | Common word using ც |\\n| ჩაი | chai | tea | Borrowed word, easy to remember |\\n\\n## Recognizing the Shapes\\n\\n- **შ** has a wide, spreading form with multiple strokes branching out\\n- **ც** is compact with a distinctive curved tail\\n- **ჩ** resembles a hook or crescent shape\\n\\nThe visual distinction between ც and ჩ is important since their sounds are related (both are affricates). Practice identifying them side by side.\\n\\n## Aspiration in Georgian\\n\\nA key concept for English speakers: Georgian aspirated consonants (like ც and ჩ) are similar to English unvoiced consonants at the start of words. English \\\"ch\\\" is naturally aspirated, so ჩ should feel familiar. However, Georgian distinguishes this from the ejective versions (წ, ჭ), which have no English equivalent.\\n\\n## Key Points\\n\\n1. **შ is a pure fricative**: Continuous airflow, no stop component\\n2. **ც and ჩ are aspirated affricates**: Stop + fricative release with a puff of air\\n3. **Three-way system extends to affricates**: Voiced/aspirated/ejective, just like stops\\n4. **ჩაი (tea) is a great mnemonic**: The Georgian word for tea sounds like English \\\"chai\\\"\\n\\n## Practice Exercises\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"sibilant-recognition-07\\\" type=\\\"matching\\\" title=\\\"Sibilant & Affricate Recognition\\\" skill=\\\"character-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"shini,tsani,chini\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-sibilant-recognition\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Match each Georgian letter to its sound\\n\\n- შ\\n- ც\\n- ჩ\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- sh /ʃ/ (Shini) - voiceless postalveolar fricative\\n- ts /tsʰ/ (Tsani) - aspirated alveolar affricate\\n- ch /tʃʰ/ (Chini) - aspirated postalveolar affricate\\n\\n**Explanation:** შ is a pure fricative (continuous airflow), while ც and ჩ are affricates (they begin with a stop and release into a fricative). All three are voiceless but ც and ჩ have aspiration.\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"fricative-vs-affricate-07\\\" type=\\\"multiple-choice\\\" title=\\\"Fricative vs Affricate\\\" skill=\\\"character-sound-mapping\\\" tests=\\\"shini,tsani,chini\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-affricate-understanding\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** What is the key difference between a fricative like შ and an affricate like ჩ?\\n\\n**Options:**\\n- Fricatives are voiced; affricates are voiceless\\n- Fricatives have continuous airflow; affricates begin with a stop and release into a fricative\\n- Fricatives are louder than affricates\\n- There is no difference; they are the same type of sound\\n\\n**Answer:** 2\\n\\n**Explanation:** A fricative like შ (/ʃ/) has continuous airflow through a narrow gap. An affricate like ჩ (/tʃʰ/) begins with complete closure (a stop) and then releases into a fricative. This is why \\\"ch\\\" sounds like a combination of \\\"t\\\" and \\\"sh.\\\"\\n\\n:::\\n\\n:::exercise{id=\\\"sibilant-word-reading-07\\\" type=\\\"fill-in-blank\\\" title=\\\"Word Reading with Sibilants\\\" skill=\\\"word-recognition\\\" tests=\\\"shini,tsani,chini\\\" objectiveId=\\\"obj-sibilant-word-reading\\\"}\\n\\n**Question:** Identify the sibilant or affricate consonant in each word and give its transliteration\\n\\n- შინი\\n- ცალი (one, single)\\n- ჩაი (tea)\\n\\n**Answer:**\\n\\n- შ (sh, /ʃ/) - voiceless postalveolar fricative\\n- ც (ts, /tsʰ/) - aspirated alveolar affricate\\n- ჩ (ch, /tʃʰ/) - aspirated postalveolar affricate\\n\\n**Explanation:** Each word begins with a sibilant or affricate consonant. Notice how ჩაი (chai, tea) is easy to remember because it resembles the English word \\\"chai.\\\"\\n\\n:::\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nIn Lesson 8, you'll learn the advanced fricatives ხ, ჯ, and ჟ, including the velar fricative and the voiced affricate and fricative counterparts.\\n\""],"names":["lesson07"],"mappings":"AAAA,MAAAA,IAAe;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;AAAA;"}