@r-universe/webr 2023.6.11 → 2023.6.21

package/dist/vfs/usr/lib/R/tests/Examples/splines-Ex.Rout.save

@@ -0,0 +1,599 @@
+
+R Under development (unstable) (2023-04-13 r84246) -- "Unsuffered Consequences"
+Copyright (C) 2023 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
+Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
+
+R is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
+You are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.
+Type 'license()' or 'licence()' for distribution details.
+
+  Natural language support but running in an English locale
+
+R is a collaborative project with many contributors.
+Type 'contributors()' for more information and
+'citation()' on how to cite R or R packages in publications.
+
+Type 'demo()' for some demos, 'help()' for on-line help, or
+'help.start()' for an HTML browser interface to help.
+Type 'q()' to quit R.
+
+> pkgname <- "splines"
+> source(file.path(R.home("share"), "R", "examples-header.R"))
+> options(warn = 1)
+> library('splines')
+> 
+> base::assign(".oldSearch", base::search(), pos = 'CheckExEnv')
+> base::assign(".old_wd", base::getwd(), pos = 'CheckExEnv')
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("asVector")
+> ### * asVector
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: asVector
+> ### Title: Coerce an Object to a Vector
+> ### Aliases: asVector
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(stats)
+> ispl <- interpSpline( weight ~ height,  women )
+> pred <- predict(ispl)
+> class(pred)
+[1] "xyVector"
+> utils::str(pred)
+List of 2
+ $ x: num [1:51] 58 58.3 58.6 58.8 59.1 ...
+ $ y: num [1:51] 115 115 116 117 117 ...
+ - attr(*, "class")= chr "xyVector"
+> asVector(pred)
+ [1] 115.0000 115.4908 116.0170 116.6137 117.3153 118.1214 118.9894 119.8747
+ [9] 120.7384 121.5787 122.4078 123.2380 124.0759 124.9181 125.7601 126.5980
+[17] 127.4340 128.2735 129.1220 129.9792 130.8301 131.6572 132.4454 133.2228
+[25] 134.0528 135.0000 136.1000 137.2727 138.4090 139.4026 140.2416 141.0276
+[33] 141.8690 142.8564 143.9707 145.1507 146.3356 147.4868 148.6046 149.6935
+[41] 150.7604 151.8353 152.9613 154.1817 155.5178 156.9329 158.3808 159.8173
+[49] 161.2269 162.6180 164.0000
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("backSpline")
+> ### * backSpline
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: backSpline
+> ### Title: Monotone Inverse Spline
+> ### Aliases: backSpline
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics)
+> ispl <- interpSpline( women$height, women$weight )
+> bspl <- backSpline( ispl )
+> plot( bspl )                   # plots over the range of the knots
+> points( women$weight, women$height )
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("bs")
+> ### * bs
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: bs
+> ### Title: B-Spline Basis for Polynomial Splines
+> ### Aliases: bs
+> ### Keywords: smooth
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(stats); require(graphics)
+> bs(women$height, df = 5)
+                 1           2           3            4           5
+ [1,] 0.000000e+00 0.000000000 0.000000000 0.000000e+00 0.000000000
+ [2,] 4.534439e-01 0.059857872 0.001639942 0.000000e+00 0.000000000
+ [3,] 5.969388e-01 0.203352770 0.013119534 0.000000e+00 0.000000000
+ [4,] 5.338010e-01 0.376366618 0.044278426 0.000000e+00 0.000000000
+ [5,] 3.673469e-01 0.524781341 0.104956268 0.000000e+00 0.000000000
+ [6,] 2.001640e-01 0.595025510 0.204719388 9.110787e-05 0.000000000
+ [7,] 9.110787e-02 0.566326531 0.336734694 5.830904e-03 0.000000000
+ [8,] 3.125000e-02 0.468750000 0.468750000 3.125000e-02 0.000000000
+ [9,] 5.830904e-03 0.336734694 0.566326531 9.110787e-02 0.000000000
+[10,] 9.110787e-05 0.204719388 0.595025510 2.001640e-01 0.000000000
+[11,] 0.000000e+00 0.104956268 0.524781341 3.673469e-01 0.002915452
+[12,] 0.000000e+00 0.044278426 0.376366618 5.338010e-01 0.045553936
+[13,] 0.000000e+00 0.013119534 0.203352770 5.969388e-01 0.186588921
+[14,] 0.000000e+00 0.001639942 0.059857872 4.534439e-01 0.485058309
+[15,] 0.000000e+00 0.000000000 0.000000000 0.000000e+00 1.000000000
+attr(,"degree")
+[1] 3
+attr(,"knots")
+[1] 62.66667 67.33333
+attr(,"Boundary.knots")
+[1] 58 72
+attr(,"intercept")
+[1] FALSE
+attr(,"class")
+[1] "bs"     "basis"  "matrix"
+> summary(fm1 <- lm(weight ~ bs(height, df = 5), data = women))
+
+Call:
+lm(formula = weight ~ bs(height, df = 5), data = women)
+
+Residuals:
+     Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
+-0.31764 -0.13441  0.03922  0.11096  0.35086 
+
+Coefficients:
+                    Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
+(Intercept)         114.8799     0.2167 530.146  < 2e-16 ***
+bs(height, df = 5)1   3.4657     0.4595   7.543 3.53e-05 ***
+bs(height, df = 5)2  13.0300     0.3965  32.860 1.10e-10 ***
+bs(height, df = 5)3  27.6161     0.4571  60.415 4.70e-13 ***
+bs(height, df = 5)4  40.8481     0.3866 105.669 3.09e-15 ***
+bs(height, df = 5)5  49.1296     0.3090 158.979  < 2e-16 ***
+---
+Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
+
+Residual standard error: 0.2276 on 9 degrees of freedom
+Multiple R-squared:  0.9999,	Adjusted R-squared:  0.9998 
+F-statistic: 1.298e+04 on 5 and 9 DF,  p-value: < 2.2e-16
+
+> 
+> ## example of safe prediction
+> plot(women, xlab = "Height (in)", ylab = "Weight (lb)")
+> ht <- seq(57, 73, length.out = 200)
+> lines(ht, predict(fm1, data.frame(height = ht)))
+Warning in bs(height, degree = 3L, knots = c(62.6666666666667, 67.3333333333333 :
+  some 'x' values beyond boundary knots may cause ill-conditioned bases
+> ## Don't show: 
+> ## Consistency:
+> x <- c(1:3, 5:6)
+> stopifnot(identical(bs(x), bs(x, df = 3)),
++           identical(bs(x, df = 4), bs(x, df = 4, knots = NULL)), # not true till 2.15.2
++           !is.null(kk <- attr(bs(x), "knots")), # not true till 1.5.1
++           length(kk) == 0)
+> ## End(Don't show)
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("interpSpline")
+> ### * interpSpline
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: interpSpline
+> ### Title: Create an Interpolation Spline
+> ### Aliases: interpSpline
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics); require(stats)
+> ispl <- interpSpline( women$height, women$weight )
+> ispl2 <- interpSpline( weight ~ height,  women )
+> # ispl and ispl2 should be the same
+> plot( predict( ispl, seq( 55, 75, length.out = 51 ) ), type = "l" )
+> points( women$height, women$weight )
+> plot( ispl )    # plots over the range of the knots
+> points( women$height, women$weight )
+> splineKnots( ispl )
+ [1] 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("ns")
+> ### * ns
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: ns
+> ### Title: Generate a Basis Matrix for Natural Cubic Splines
+> ### Aliases: ns
+> ### Keywords: smooth
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(stats); require(graphics)
+> ns(women$height, df = 5)
+                 1            2           3          4             5
+ [1,] 0.000000e+00 0.000000e+00  0.00000000 0.00000000  0.0000000000
+ [2,] 7.592323e-03 0.000000e+00 -0.08670223 0.26010669 -0.1734044626
+ [3,] 6.073858e-02 0.000000e+00 -0.15030440 0.45091320 -0.3006088020
+ [4,] 2.047498e-01 6.073858e-05 -0.16778345 0.50335034 -0.3355668952
+ [5,] 4.334305e-01 1.311953e-02 -0.13244035 0.39732106 -0.2648807067
+ [6,] 6.256681e-01 8.084305e-02 -0.07399720 0.22199159 -0.1479943948
+ [7,] 6.477162e-01 2.468416e-01 -0.02616007 0.07993794 -0.0532919575
+ [8,] 4.791667e-01 4.791667e-01  0.01406302 0.02031093 -0.0135406187
+ [9,] 2.468416e-01 6.477162e-01  0.09733619 0.02286023 -0.0152401533
+[10,] 8.084305e-02 6.256681e-01  0.27076826 0.06324188 -0.0405213106
+[11,] 1.311953e-02 4.334305e-01  0.48059836 0.12526031 -0.0524087186
+[12,] 6.073858e-05 2.047498e-01  0.59541597 0.19899261  0.0007809246
+[13,] 0.000000e+00 6.073858e-02  0.50097182 0.27551020  0.1627793975
+[14,] 0.000000e+00 7.592323e-03  0.22461127 0.35204082  0.4157555879
+[15,] 0.000000e+00 0.000000e+00 -0.14285714 0.42857143  0.7142857143
+attr(,"degree")
+[1] 3
+attr(,"knots")
+[1] 60.8 63.6 66.4 69.2
+attr(,"Boundary.knots")
+[1] 58 72
+attr(,"intercept")
+[1] FALSE
+attr(,"class")
+[1] "ns"     "basis"  "matrix"
+> summary(fm1 <- lm(weight ~ ns(height, df = 5), data = women))
+
+Call:
+lm(formula = weight ~ ns(height, df = 5), data = women)
+
+Residuals:
+     Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max 
+-0.38333 -0.12585  0.07083  0.15401  0.30426 
+
+Coefficients:
+                    Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
+(Intercept)         114.7447     0.2338  490.88  < 2e-16 ***
+ns(height, df = 5)1  15.9474     0.3699   43.12 9.69e-12 ***
+ns(height, df = 5)2  25.1695     0.4323   58.23 6.55e-13 ***
+ns(height, df = 5)3  33.2582     0.3541   93.93 8.91e-15 ***
+ns(height, df = 5)4  50.7894     0.6062   83.78 2.49e-14 ***
+ns(height, df = 5)5  45.0363     0.2784  161.75  < 2e-16 ***
+---
+Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
+
+Residual standard error: 0.2645 on 9 degrees of freedom
+Multiple R-squared:  0.9998,	Adjusted R-squared:  0.9997 
+F-statistic:  9609 on 5 and 9 DF,  p-value: < 2.2e-16
+
+> 
+> ## To see what knots were selected
+> attr(terms(fm1), "predvars")
+list(weight, ns(height, knots = c(60.8, 63.6, 66.4, 69.2), Boundary.knots = c(58, 
+72), intercept = FALSE))
+> 
+> ## example of safe prediction
+> plot(women, xlab = "Height (in)", ylab = "Weight (lb)")
+> ht <- seq(57, 73, length.out = 200) ; nD <- data.frame(height = ht)
+> lines(ht, p1 <- predict(fm1, nD))
+> stopifnot(all.equal(p1, predict(update(fm1, . ~
++                             splines::ns(height, df=5)), nD)))
+>           # not true in R < 3.5.0
+> ## Don't show: 
+> ## Consistency:
+> x <- c(1:3, 5:6)
+> stopifnot(identical(ns(x), ns(x, df = 1)),
++           identical(ns(x, df = 2),
++                     ns(x, df = 2, knots = NULL)), # not true till 2.15.2
++           !is.null(kk <- attr(ns(x), "knots")), # not true till 1.5.1
++           length(kk) == 0)
+> ## End(Don't show)
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("periodicSpline")
+> ### * periodicSpline
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: periodicSpline
+> ### Title: Create a Periodic Interpolation Spline
+> ### Aliases: periodicSpline
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics); require(stats)
+> xx <- seq( -pi, pi, length.out = 16 )[-1]
+> yy <- sin( xx )
+> frm <- data.frame( xx, yy )
+> pispl <- periodicSpline( xx, yy, period = 2 * pi)
+> pispl2 <- periodicSpline( yy ~ xx, frm, period = 2 * pi )
+> stopifnot(all.equal(pispl, pispl2))  # pispl and pispl2 are the same
+> 
+> plot( pispl )          # displays over one period
+> points( yy ~ xx, col = "brown")
+> plot( predict( pispl, seq(-3*pi, 3*pi, length.out = 101) ), type = "l" )
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("polySpline")
+> ### * polySpline
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: polySpline
+> ### Title: Piecewise Polynomial Spline Representation
+> ### Aliases: polySpline as.polySpline
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics)
+> ispl <- polySpline(interpSpline( weight ~ height,  women, bSpline = TRUE))
+> ## IGNORE_RDIFF_BEGIN
+> print( ispl )   # print the piecewise polynomial representation
+polynomial representation of spline for weight ~ height
+   constant   linear   quadratic       cubic
+58      115 1.731918  0.00000000  0.26808191
+59      117 2.536164  0.80424574 -0.34040957
+60      120 3.123427 -0.21698298  0.09355638
+61      123 2.970130  0.06368616 -0.03381595
+62      126 2.996054 -0.03776168  0.04170740
+63      129 3.045653  0.08736054 -0.13301367
+64      132 2.821333 -0.31168048  0.49034728
+65      135 3.669014  1.15936136 -0.82837545
+66      139 3.502610 -1.32576498  0.82315452
+67      142 3.320544  1.14369857 -0.46424262
+68      146 4.215213 -0.24902928  0.03381595
+69      150 3.818603 -0.14758144  0.32897883
+70      154 4.510376  0.83935505 -0.34973127
+71      159 5.139893 -0.20983876  0.06994625
+72      164 4.930054  0.00000000  0.00000000
+> ## IGNORE_RDIFF_END
+> plot( ispl )    # plots over the range of the knots
+> points( women$height, women$weight )
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("predict.bSpline")
+> ### * predict.bSpline
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: predict.bSpline
+> ### Title: Evaluate a Spline at New Values of x
+> ### Aliases: predict.bSpline predict.nbSpline predict.pbSpline
+> ###   predict.npolySpline predict.ppolySpline
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics); require(stats)
+> ispl <- interpSpline( weight ~ height,  women )
+> opar <- par(mfrow = c(2, 2), las = 1)
+> plot(predict(ispl, nseg = 201),     # plots over the range of the knots
++      main = "Original data with interpolating spline", type = "l",
++      xlab = "height", ylab = "weight")
+> points(women$height, women$weight, col = 4)
+> plot(predict(ispl, nseg = 201, deriv = 1),
++      main = "First derivative of interpolating spline", type = "l",
++      xlab = "height", ylab = "weight")
+> plot(predict(ispl, nseg = 201, deriv = 2),
++      main = "Second derivative of interpolating spline", type = "l",
++      xlab = "height", ylab = "weight")
+> plot(predict(ispl, nseg = 401, deriv = 3),
++      main = "Third derivative of interpolating spline", type = "l",
++      xlab = "height", ylab = "weight")
+> par(opar)
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> graphics::par(get("par.postscript", pos = 'CheckExEnv'))
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("predict.bs")
+> ### * predict.bs
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: predict.bs
+> ### Title: Evaluate a Spline Basis
+> ### Aliases: predict.bs predict.ns
+> ### Keywords: smooth
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(stats)
+> basis <- ns(women$height, df = 5)
+> newX <- seq(58, 72, length.out = 51)
+> # evaluate the basis at the new data
+> predict(basis, newX)
+                 1            2            3          4            5
+ [1,] 0.0000000000 0.0000000000  0.000000000 0.00000000  0.000000000
+ [2,] 0.0001666667 0.0000000000 -0.025270112 0.07581034 -0.050540224
+ [3,] 0.0013333333 0.0000000000 -0.050033132 0.15009940 -0.100066264
+ [4,] 0.0045000000 0.0000000000 -0.073781966 0.22134590 -0.147563933
+ [5,] 0.0106666667 0.0000000000 -0.096009523 0.28802857 -0.192019047
+ [6,] 0.0208333333 0.0000000000 -0.116208710 0.34862613 -0.232417420
+ [7,] 0.0360000000 0.0000000000 -0.133872434 0.40161730 -0.267744868
+ [8,] 0.0571666667 0.0000000000 -0.148493603 0.44548081 -0.296987205
+ [9,] 0.0853333333 0.0000000000 -0.159565123 0.47869537 -0.319130247
+[10,] 0.1215000000 0.0000000000 -0.166579904 0.49973971 -0.333159807
+[11,] 0.1666666667 0.0000000000 -0.169030851 0.50709255 -0.338061702
+[12,] 0.2211666667 0.0001666667 -0.166622161 0.49986648 -0.333244323
+[13,] 0.2826666667 0.0013333333 -0.159903185 0.47970955 -0.319806370
+[14,] 0.3481666667 0.0045000000 -0.149634561 0.44890368 -0.299269122
+[15,] 0.4146666667 0.0106666667 -0.136576928 0.40973078 -0.273153855
+[16,] 0.4791666667 0.0208333333 -0.121490924 0.36447277 -0.242981848
+[17,] 0.5386666667 0.0360000000 -0.105137189 0.31541157 -0.210274379
+[18,] 0.5901666667 0.0571666667 -0.088276362 0.26482909 -0.176552724
+[19,] 0.6306666667 0.0853333333 -0.071669081 0.21500724 -0.143338162
+[20,] 0.6571666667 0.1215000000 -0.056075985 0.16822795 -0.112151970
+[21,] 0.6666666667 0.1666666667 -0.042257713 0.12677314 -0.084515425
+[22,] 0.6571666667 0.2211666667 -0.030651111 0.09245333 -0.061635555
+[23,] 0.6306666667 0.2826666667 -0.020397854 0.06519356 -0.043462374
+[24,] 0.5901666667 0.3481666667 -0.010315824 0.04444747 -0.029631648
+[25,] 0.5386666667 0.4146666667  0.000777096 0.02966871 -0.019779141
+[26,] 0.4791666667 0.4791666667  0.014063024 0.02031093 -0.013540619
+[27,] 0.4146666667 0.5386666667  0.030724078 0.01582777 -0.010551844
+[28,] 0.3481666667 0.5901666667  0.051942375 0.01567287 -0.010448583
+[29,] 0.2826666667 0.6306666667  0.078900034 0.01929990 -0.012866600
+[30,] 0.2211666667 0.6571666667  0.112779171 0.02616249 -0.017441658
+[31,] 0.1666666667 0.6666666667  0.154761905 0.03571429 -0.023809524
+[32,] 0.1215000000 0.6571666667  0.205345238 0.04746429 -0.031476190
+[33,] 0.0853333333 0.6306666667  0.262285714 0.06114286 -0.039428571
+[34,] 0.0571666667 0.5901666667  0.322654762 0.07653571 -0.046523810
+[35,] 0.0360000000 0.5386666667  0.383523810 0.09342857 -0.051619048
+[36,] 0.0208333333 0.4791666667  0.441964286 0.11160714 -0.053571429
+[37,] 0.0106666667 0.4146666667  0.495047619 0.13085714 -0.051238095
+[38,] 0.0045000000 0.3481666667  0.539845238 0.15096429 -0.043476190
+[39,] 0.0013333333 0.2826666667  0.573428571 0.17171429 -0.029142857
+[40,] 0.0001666667 0.2211666667  0.592869048 0.19289286 -0.007095238
+[41,] 0.0000000000 0.1666666667  0.595238095 0.21428571  0.023809524
+[42,] 0.0000000000 0.1215000000  0.578428571 0.23571429  0.064357143
+[43,] 0.0000000000 0.0853333333  0.543619048 0.25714286  0.113904762
+[44,] 0.0000000000 0.0571666667  0.492809524 0.27857143  0.171452381
+[45,] 0.0000000000 0.0360000000  0.428000000 0.30000000  0.236000000
+[46,] 0.0000000000 0.0208333333  0.351190476 0.32142857  0.306547619
+[47,] 0.0000000000 0.0106666667  0.264380952 0.34285714  0.382095238
+[48,] 0.0000000000 0.0045000000  0.169571429 0.36428571  0.461642857
+[49,] 0.0000000000 0.0013333333  0.068761905 0.38571429  0.544190476
+[50,] 0.0000000000 0.0001666667 -0.036047619 0.40714286  0.628738095
+[51,] 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 -0.142857143 0.42857143  0.714285714
+attr(,"degree")
+[1] 3
+attr(,"knots")
+[1] 60.8 63.6 66.4 69.2
+attr(,"Boundary.knots")
+[1] 58 72
+attr(,"intercept")
+[1] FALSE
+attr(,"class")
+[1] "ns"     "basis"  "matrix"
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("splineDesign")
+> ### * splineDesign
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: splineDesign
+> ### Title: Design Matrix for B-splines
+> ### Aliases: splineDesign spline.des
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(graphics)
+> splineDesign(knots = 1:10, x = 4:7)
+          [,1]      [,2]      [,3]      [,4]      [,5]      [,6]
+[1,] 0.1666667 0.6666667 0.1666667 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000
+[2,] 0.0000000 0.1666667 0.6666667 0.1666667 0.0000000 0.0000000
+[3,] 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.1666667 0.6666667 0.1666667 0.0000000
+[4,] 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.1666667 0.6666667 0.1666667
+> splineDesign(knots = 1:10, x = 4:7, derivs = 1)
+     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4] [,5] [,6]
+[1,] -0.5  0.0  0.5  0.0  0.0  0.0
+[2,]  0.0 -0.5  0.0  0.5  0.0  0.0
+[3,]  0.0  0.0 -0.5  0.0  0.5  0.0
+[4,]  0.0  0.0  0.0 -0.5  0.0  0.5
+> ## visualize band structure
+> 
+> knots <- c(1,1.8,3:5,6.5,7,8.1,9.2,10)  # 10 => 10-4 = 6 Basis splines
+> x <- seq(min(knots)-1, max(knots)+1, length.out = 501)
+> bb <- splineDesign(knots, x = x, outer.ok = TRUE)
+> 
+> plot(range(x), c(0,1), type = "n", xlab = "x", ylab = "",
++      main =  "B-splines - sum to 1 inside inner knots")
+> mtext(expression(B[j](x) *"  and "* sum(B[j](x), j == 1, 6)), adj = 0)
+> abline(v = knots, lty = 3, col = "light gray")
+> abline(v = knots[c(4,length(knots)-3)], lty = 3, col = "gray10")
+> lines(x, rowSums(bb), col = "gray", lwd = 2)
+> matlines(x, bb, ylim = c(0,1), lty = 1)
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("splineKnots")
+> ### * splineKnots
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: splineKnots
+> ### Title: Knot Vector from a Spline
+> ### Aliases: splineKnots
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> ispl <- interpSpline( weight ~ height, women )
+> splineKnots( ispl )
+ [1] 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("splineOrder")
+> ### * splineOrder
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: splineOrder
+> ### Title: Determine the Order of a Spline
+> ### Aliases: splineOrder
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> splineOrder( interpSpline( weight ~ height, women ) )
+[1] 4
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> cleanEx()
+> nameEx("xyVector")
+> ### * xyVector
+> 
+> flush(stderr()); flush(stdout())
+> 
+> ### Name: xyVector
+> ### Title: Construct an 'xyVector' Object
+> ### Aliases: xyVector
+> ### Keywords: models
+> 
+> ### ** Examples
+> 
+> require(stats); require(graphics)
+> ispl <- interpSpline( weight ~ height, women )
+> weights <- predict( ispl, seq( 55, 75, length.out = 51 ))
+> class( weights )
+[1] "xyVector"
+> plot( weights, type = "l", xlab = "height", ylab = "weight" )
+> points( women$height, women$weight )
+> weights
+$x
+ [1] 55.0 55.4 55.8 56.2 56.6 57.0 57.4 57.8 58.2 58.6 59.0 59.4 59.8 60.2 60.6
+[16] 61.0 61.4 61.8 62.2 62.6 63.0 63.4 63.8 64.2 64.6 65.0 65.4 65.8 66.2 66.6
+[31] 67.0 67.4 67.8 68.2 68.6 69.0 69.4 69.8 70.2 70.6 71.0 71.4 71.8 72.2 72.6
+[46] 73.0 73.4 73.8 74.2 74.6 75.0
+
+$y
+ [1] 109.8042 110.4970 111.1898 111.8825 112.5753 113.2681 113.9608 114.6536
+ [9] 115.3485 116.0971 117.0000 118.1214 119.3694 120.6168 121.8162 123.0000
+[17] 124.1961 125.3995 126.5980 127.7930 129.0000 130.2237 131.4243 132.5557
+[25] 133.6865 135.0000 136.6001 138.2531 139.6541 140.8021 142.0000 143.4815
+[33] 145.1507 146.8334 148.4468 150.0000 151.5249 153.1289 154.9329 156.9329
+[41] 159.0000 161.0269 163.0134 164.9860 166.9580 168.9301 170.9021 172.8741
+[49] 174.8461 176.8181 178.7902
+
+attr(,"class")
+[1] "xyVector"
+> 
+> 
+> 
+> ### * <FOOTER>
+> ###
+> cleanEx()
+> options(digits = 7L)
+> base::cat("Time elapsed: ", proc.time() - base::get("ptime", pos = 'CheckExEnv'),"\n")
+Time elapsed:  0.129 0.023 0.168 0 0 
+> grDevices::dev.off()
+null device 
+          1 
+> ###
+> ### Local variables: ***
+> ### mode: outline-minor ***
+> ### outline-regexp: "\\(> \\)?### [*]+" ***
+> ### End: ***
+> quit('no')