ring-native 0.0.0

data/vendor/ring/crypto/ec/simple.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1007 @@
+/* Originally written by Bodo Moeller for the OpenSSL project.
+ * ====================================================================
+ * Copyright (c) 1998-2005 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+ * are met:
+ *
+ * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
+ *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+ *    distribution.
+ *
+ * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
+ *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
+ *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+ *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+ *
+ * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
+ *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+ *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
+ *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
+ *
+ * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
+ *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
+ *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
+ *
+ * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
+ *    acknowledgment:
+ *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
+ *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
+ * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+ * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
+ * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+ * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+ * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+ * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+ * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
+ * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ * ====================================================================
+ *
+ * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
+ * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
+ * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
+ *
+ */
+/* ====================================================================
+ * Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
+ *
+ * Portions of the attached software ("Contribution") are developed by
+ * SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC., and are contributed to the OpenSSL project.
+ *
+ * The Contribution is licensed pursuant to the OpenSSL open source
+ * license provided above.
+ *
+ * The elliptic curve binary polynomial software is originally written by
+ * Sheueling Chang Shantz and Douglas Stebila of Sun Microsystems
+ * Laboratories. */
+
+#include <openssl/ec.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/mem.h>
+
+#include "internal.h"
+
+
+/* Most method functions in this file are designed to work with non-trivial
+ * representations of field elements if necessary (see ecp_mont.c): while
+ * standard modular addition and subtraction are used, the field_mul and
+ * field_sqr methods will be used for multiplication, and field_encode and
+ * field_decode (if defined) will be used for converting between
+ * representations.
+
+ * Functions ec_GFp_simple_points_make_affine() and
+ * ec_GFp_simple_point_get_affine_coordinates() specifically assume that if a
+ * non-trivial representation is used, it is a Montgomery representation (i.e.
+ * 'encoding' means multiplying by some factor R). */
+
+unsigned ec_GFp_simple_group_get_degree(const EC_GROUP *group) {
+  return BN_num_bits(&group->field);
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_point_init(EC_POINT *point) {
+  BN_init(&point->X);
+  BN_init(&point->Y);
+  BN_init(&point->Z);
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+void ec_GFp_simple_point_finish(EC_POINT *point) {
+  BN_free(&point->X);
+  BN_free(&point->Y);
+  BN_free(&point->Z);
+}
+
+void ec_GFp_simple_point_clear_finish(EC_POINT *point) {
+  BN_clear_free(&point->X);
+  BN_clear_free(&point->Y);
+  BN_clear_free(&point->Z);
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_point_copy(EC_POINT *dest, const EC_POINT *src) {
+  if (!BN_copy(&dest->X, &src->X) ||
+      !BN_copy(&dest->Y, &src->Y) ||
+      !BN_copy(&dest->Z, &src->Z)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_point_set_to_infinity(const EC_GROUP *group,
+                                        EC_POINT *point) {
+  BN_zero(&point->Z);
+  return 1;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_set_Jprojective_coordinates_GFp(
+    const EC_GROUP *group, EC_POINT *point, const BIGNUM *x, const BIGNUM *y,
+    const BIGNUM *z, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (x != NULL) {
+    if (!BN_nnmod(&point->X, x, &group->field, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    if (group->meth->field_encode &&
+        !group->meth->field_encode(group, &point->X, &point->X, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (y != NULL) {
+    if (!BN_nnmod(&point->Y, y, &group->field, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    if (group->meth->field_encode &&
+        !group->meth->field_encode(group, &point->Y, &point->Y, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (z != NULL) {
+    if (!BN_nnmod(&point->Z, z, &group->field, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    int Z_is_one = BN_is_one(&point->Z);
+    if (group->meth->field_encode) {
+      if (Z_is_one && (group->meth->field_set_to_one != 0)) {
+        if (!group->meth->field_set_to_one(group, &point->Z, ctx)) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+      } else if (!group->meth->field_encode(group, &point->Z, &point->Z, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ret = 1;
+
+err:
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_point_set_affine_coordinates(const EC_GROUP *group,
+                                               EC_POINT *point, const BIGNUM *x,
+                                               const BIGNUM *y, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  if (x == NULL || y == NULL) {
+    /* unlike for projective coordinates, we do not tolerate this */
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(EC, ERR_R_PASSED_NULL_PARAMETER);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (!ec_point_set_Jprojective_coordinates_GFp(group, point, x, y,
+                                                BN_value_one(), ctx)) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (!ec_GFp_simple_is_on_curve(group, point, ctx)) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(EC, EC_R_POINT_IS_NOT_ON_CURVE);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_point_get_affine_coordinates(const EC_GROUP *group,
+                                               const EC_POINT *point, BIGNUM *x,
+                                               BIGNUM *y, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *Z, *Z_1, *Z_2, *Z_3;
+  const BIGNUM *Z_;
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, point)) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(EC, EC_R_POINT_AT_INFINITY);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  Z = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Z_1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Z_2 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Z_3 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (Z == NULL || Z_1 == NULL || Z_2 == NULL || Z_3 == NULL) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  /* transform  (X, Y, Z)  into  (x, y) := (X/Z^2, Y/Z^3) */
+
+  if (group->meth->field_decode) {
+    if (!group->meth->field_decode(group, Z, &point->Z, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    Z_ = Z;
+  } else {
+    Z_ = &point->Z;
+  }
+
+  if (BN_is_one(Z_)) {
+    if (group->meth->field_decode) {
+      if (x != NULL && !group->meth->field_decode(group, x, &point->X, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      if (y != NULL && !group->meth->field_decode(group, y, &point->Y, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (x != NULL && !BN_copy(x, &point->X)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+      if (y != NULL && !BN_copy(y, &point->Y)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (!BN_mod_inverse(Z_1, Z_, &group->field, ctx)) {
+      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(EC, ERR_R_BN_LIB);
+      goto err;
+    }
+
+    if (group->meth->field_encode == 0) {
+      /* field_sqr works on standard representation */
+      if (!group->meth->field_sqr(group, Z_2, Z_1, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    } else if (!BN_mod_sqr(Z_2, Z_1, &group->field, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+
+    /* in the Montgomery case, field_mul will cancel out Montgomery factor in
+     * X: */
+    if (x != NULL && !group->meth->field_mul(group, x, &point->X, Z_2, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+
+    if (y != NULL) {
+      if (group->meth->field_encode == 0) {
+        /* field_mul works on standard representation */
+        if (!group->meth->field_mul(group, Z_3, Z_2, Z_1, ctx)) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+      } else if (!BN_mod_mul(Z_3, Z_2, Z_1, &group->field, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      /* in the Montgomery case, field_mul will cancel out Montgomery factor in
+       * Y: */
+      if (!group->meth->field_mul(group, y, &point->Y, Z_3, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ret = 1;
+
+err:
+  BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_add(const EC_GROUP *group, EC_POINT *r, const EC_POINT *a,
+                      const EC_POINT *b, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  int (*field_mul)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
+                   BN_CTX *);
+  int (*field_sqr)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BN_CTX *);
+  const BIGNUM *p;
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *n0, *n1, *n2, *n3, *n4, *n5, *n6;
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  if (a == b) {
+    return ec_GFp_simple_dbl(group, r, a, ctx);
+  }
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, a)) {
+    return ec_GFp_simple_point_copy(r, b);
+  }
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, b)) {
+    return ec_GFp_simple_point_copy(r, a);
+  }
+
+  field_mul = group->meth->field_mul;
+  field_sqr = group->meth->field_sqr;
+  p = &group->field;
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  n0 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n2 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n3 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n4 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n5 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n6 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (n6 == NULL) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  /* Note that in this function we must not read components of 'a' or 'b'
+   * once we have written the corresponding components of 'r'.
+   * ('r' might be one of 'a' or 'b'.)
+   */
+
+  /* n1, n2 */
+  int b_Z_is_one = BN_cmp(&b->Z, &group->one) == 0;
+
+  if (b_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!BN_copy(n1, &a->X) || !BN_copy(n2, &a->Y)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n1 = X_a */
+    /* n2 = Y_a */
+  } else {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, n0, &b->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, n1, &a->X, n0, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n1 = X_a * Z_b^2 */
+
+    if (!field_mul(group, n0, n0, &b->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, n2, &a->Y, n0, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n2 = Y_a * Z_b^3 */
+  }
+
+  /* n3, n4 */
+  int a_Z_is_one = BN_cmp(&a->Z, &group->one) == 0;
+  if (a_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!BN_copy(n3, &b->X) || !BN_copy(n4, &b->Y)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n3 = X_b */
+    /* n4 = Y_b */
+  } else {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, n0, &a->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, n3, &b->X, n0, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n3 = X_b * Z_a^2 */
+
+    if (!field_mul(group, n0, n0, &a->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, n4, &b->Y, n0, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* n4 = Y_b * Z_a^3 */
+  }
+
+  /* n5, n6 */
+  if (!BN_mod_sub_quick(n5, n1, n3, p) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(n6, n2, n4, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* n5 = n1 - n3 */
+  /* n6 = n2 - n4 */
+
+  if (BN_is_zero(n5)) {
+    if (BN_is_zero(n6)) {
+      /* a is the same point as b */
+      BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+      ret = ec_GFp_simple_dbl(group, r, a, ctx);
+      ctx = NULL;
+      goto end;
+    } else {
+      /* a is the inverse of b */
+      BN_zero(&r->Z);
+      ret = 1;
+      goto end;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* 'n7', 'n8' */
+  if (!BN_mod_add_quick(n1, n1, n3, p) ||
+      !BN_mod_add_quick(n2, n2, n4, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* 'n7' = n1 + n3 */
+  /* 'n8' = n2 + n4 */
+
+  /* Z_r */
+  if (a_Z_is_one && b_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!BN_copy(&r->Z, n5)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (a_Z_is_one) {
+      if (!BN_copy(n0, &b->Z)) {
+        goto end;
+      }
+    } else if (b_Z_is_one) {
+      if (!BN_copy(n0, &a->Z)) {
+        goto end;
+      }
+    } else if (!field_mul(group, n0, &a->Z, &b->Z, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    if (!field_mul(group, &r->Z, n0, n5, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Z_r = Z_a * Z_b * n5 */
+
+  /* X_r */
+  if (!field_sqr(group, n0, n6, ctx) ||
+      !field_sqr(group, n4, n5, ctx) ||
+      !field_mul(group, n3, n1, n4, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(&r->X, n0, n3, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* X_r = n6^2 - n5^2 * 'n7' */
+
+  /* 'n9' */
+  if (!BN_mod_lshift1_quick(n0, &r->X, p) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(n0, n3, n0, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* n9 = n5^2 * 'n7' - 2 * X_r */
+
+  /* Y_r */
+  if (!field_mul(group, n0, n0, n6, ctx) ||
+      !field_mul(group, n5, n4, n5, ctx)) {
+    goto end; /* now n5 is n5^3 */
+  }
+  if (!field_mul(group, n1, n2, n5, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(n0, n0, n1, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  if (BN_is_odd(n0) && !BN_add(n0, n0, p)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* now  0 <= n0 < 2*p,  and n0 is even */
+  if (!BN_rshift1(&r->Y, n0)) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+  /* Y_r = (n6 * 'n9' - 'n8' * 'n5^3') / 2 */
+
+  ret = 1;
+
+end:
+  if (ctx) {
+    /* otherwise we already called BN_CTX_end */
+    BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  }
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_dbl(const EC_GROUP *group, EC_POINT *r, const EC_POINT *a,
+                      BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  int (*field_mul)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
+                   BN_CTX *);
+  int (*field_sqr)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BN_CTX *);
+  const BIGNUM *p;
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *n0, *n1, *n2, *n3;
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, a)) {
+    BN_zero(&r->Z);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  field_mul = group->meth->field_mul;
+  field_sqr = group->meth->field_sqr;
+  p = &group->field;
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  n0 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n2 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  n3 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (n3 == NULL) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  /* Note that in this function we must not read components of 'a'
+   * once we have written the corresponding components of 'r'.
+   * ('r' might the same as 'a'.)
+   */
+
+  /* n1 */
+  if (BN_cmp(&a->Z, &group->one) == 0) {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, n0, &a->X, ctx) ||
+        !BN_mod_lshift1_quick(n1, n0, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(n0, n0, n1, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(n1, n0, &group->a, p)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    /* n1 = 3 * X_a^2 + a_curve */
+  } else {
+    /* ring: This assumes a == -3. */
+    if (!field_sqr(group, n1, &a->Z, ctx) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(n0, &a->X, n1, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_sub_quick(n2, &a->X, n1, p) ||
+        !field_mul(group, n1, n0, n2, ctx) ||
+        !BN_mod_lshift1_quick(n0, n1, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(n1, n0, n1, p)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    /* n1 = 3 * (X_a + Z_a^2) * (X_a - Z_a^2)
+     *    = 3 * X_a^2 - 3 * Z_a^4 */
+  }
+
+  /* Z_r */
+  if (BN_cmp(&a->Z, &group->one) == 0) {
+    if (!BN_copy(n0, &a->Y)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  } else if (!field_mul(group, n0, &a->Y, &a->Z, ctx)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  if (!BN_mod_lshift1_quick(&r->Z, n0, p)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  /* Z_r = 2 * Y_a * Z_a */
+
+  /* n2 */
+  if (!field_sqr(group, n3, &a->Y, ctx) ||
+      !field_mul(group, n2, &a->X, n3, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_lshift_quick(n2, n2, 2, p)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  /* n2 = 4 * X_a * Y_a^2 */
+
+  /* X_r */
+  if (!BN_mod_lshift1_quick(n0, n2, p) ||
+      !field_sqr(group, &r->X, n1, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(&r->X, &r->X, n0, p)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  /* X_r = n1^2 - 2 * n2 */
+
+  /* n3 */
+  if (!field_sqr(group, n0, n3, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_lshift_quick(n3, n0, 3, p)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  /* n3 = 8 * Y_a^4 */
+
+  /* Y_r */
+  if (!BN_mod_sub_quick(n0, n2, &r->X, p) ||
+      !field_mul(group, n0, n1, n0, ctx) ||
+      !BN_mod_sub_quick(&r->Y, n0, n3, p)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  /* Y_r = n1 * (n2 - X_r) - n3 */
+
+  ret = 1;
+
+err:
+  BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_invert(const EC_GROUP *group, EC_POINT *point, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, point) || BN_is_zero(&point->Y)) {
+    /* point is its own inverse */
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return BN_usub(&point->Y, &group->field, &point->Y);
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_is_at_infinity(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *point) {
+  return BN_is_zero(&point->Z);
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_is_on_curve(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *point,
+                              BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  int (*field_mul)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
+                   BN_CTX *);
+  int (*field_sqr)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BN_CTX *);
+  const BIGNUM *p;
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *rh, *tmp, *Z4, *Z6;
+  int ret = -1;
+
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, point)) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  field_mul = group->meth->field_mul;
+  field_sqr = group->meth->field_sqr;
+  p = &group->field;
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  rh = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  tmp = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Z4 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Z6 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (Z6 == NULL) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  /* We have a curve defined by a Weierstrass equation
+   *      y^2 = x^3 + a*x + b.
+   * The point to consider is given in Jacobian projective coordinates
+   * where  (X, Y, Z)  represents  (x, y) = (X/Z^2, Y/Z^3).
+   * Substituting this and multiplying by  Z^6  transforms the above equation
+   * into
+   *      Y^2 = X^3 + a*X*Z^4 + b*Z^6.
+   * To test this, we add up the right-hand side in 'rh'.
+   */
+
+  /* rh := X^2 */
+  if (!field_sqr(group, rh, &point->X, ctx)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  if (BN_cmp(&point->Z, &group->one) != 0) {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, tmp, &point->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_sqr(group, Z4, tmp, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, Z6, Z4, tmp, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+
+    /* rh := (rh + a*Z^4)*X */
+    /* ring: This assumes a == -3. */
+    if (!BN_mod_lshift1_quick(tmp, Z4, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(tmp, tmp, Z4, p) ||
+        !BN_mod_sub_quick(rh, rh, tmp, p) ||
+        !field_mul(group, rh, rh, &point->X, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+
+    /* rh := rh + b*Z^6 */
+    if (!field_mul(group, tmp, &group->b, Z6, ctx) ||
+        !BN_mod_add_quick(rh, rh, tmp, p)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  } else {
+    /* rh := (rh + a)*X */
+    if (!BN_mod_add_quick(rh, rh, &group->a, p) ||
+        !field_mul(group, rh, rh, &point->X, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+    /* rh := rh + b */
+    if (!BN_mod_add_quick(rh, rh, &group->b, p)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* 'lh' := Y^2 */
+  if (!field_sqr(group, tmp, &point->Y, ctx)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  ret = (0 == BN_ucmp(tmp, rh));
+
+err:
+  BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_cmp(const EC_GROUP *group, const EC_POINT *a,
+                      const EC_POINT *b, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  /* return values:
+   *  -1   error
+   *   0   equal (in affine coordinates)
+   *   1   not equal
+   */
+
+  int (*field_mul)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *,
+                   BN_CTX *);
+  int (*field_sqr)(const EC_GROUP *, BIGNUM *, const BIGNUM *, BN_CTX *);
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *tmp1, *tmp2, *Za23, *Zb23;
+  const BIGNUM *tmp1_, *tmp2_;
+  int ret = -1;
+
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, a)) {
+    return EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, b) ? 0 : 1;
+  }
+
+  if (EC_POINT_is_at_infinity(group, b)) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  int a_Z_is_one = BN_cmp(&a->Z, &group->one) == 0;
+  int b_Z_is_one = BN_cmp(&b->Z, &group->one) == 0;
+
+  if (a_Z_is_one && b_Z_is_one) {
+    return ((BN_cmp(&a->X, &b->X) == 0) && BN_cmp(&a->Y, &b->Y) == 0) ? 0 : 1;
+  }
+
+  field_mul = group->meth->field_mul;
+  field_sqr = group->meth->field_sqr;
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  tmp1 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  tmp2 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Za23 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  Zb23 = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (Zb23 == NULL) {
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  /* We have to decide whether
+   *     (X_a/Z_a^2, Y_a/Z_a^3) = (X_b/Z_b^2, Y_b/Z_b^3),
+   * or equivalently, whether
+   *     (X_a*Z_b^2, Y_a*Z_b^3) = (X_b*Z_a^2, Y_b*Z_a^3).
+   */
+
+  if (!b_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, Zb23, &b->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, tmp1, &a->X, Zb23, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    tmp1_ = tmp1;
+  } else {
+    tmp1_ = &a->X;
+  }
+  if (!a_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!field_sqr(group, Za23, &a->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, tmp2, &b->X, Za23, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    tmp2_ = tmp2;
+  } else {
+    tmp2_ = &b->X;
+  }
+
+  /* compare  X_a*Z_b^2  with  X_b*Z_a^2 */
+  if (BN_cmp(tmp1_, tmp2_) != 0) {
+    ret = 1; /* points differ */
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+
+  if (!b_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!field_mul(group, Zb23, Zb23, &b->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, tmp1, &a->Y, Zb23, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* tmp1_ = tmp1 */
+  } else {
+    tmp1_ = &a->Y;
+  }
+  if (!a_Z_is_one) {
+    if (!field_mul(group, Za23, Za23, &a->Z, ctx) ||
+        !field_mul(group, tmp2, &b->Y, Za23, ctx)) {
+      goto end;
+    }
+    /* tmp2_ = tmp2 */
+  } else {
+    tmp2_ = &b->Y;
+  }
+
+  /* compare  Y_a*Z_b^3  with  Y_b*Z_a^3 */
+  if (BN_cmp(tmp1_, tmp2_) != 0) {
+    ret = 1; /* points differ */
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  /* points are equal */
+  ret = 0;
+
+end:
+  BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_points_make_affine(const EC_GROUP *group, size_t num,
+                                     EC_POINT *points[], BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  BN_CTX *new_ctx = NULL;
+  BIGNUM *tmp, *tmp_Z;
+  BIGNUM **prod_Z = NULL;
+  size_t i;
+  int ret = 0;
+
+  if (num == 0) {
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  if (ctx == NULL) {
+    ctx = new_ctx = BN_CTX_new();
+    if (ctx == NULL) {
+      return 0;
+    }
+  }
+
+  BN_CTX_start(ctx);
+  tmp = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  tmp_Z = BN_CTX_get(ctx);
+  if (tmp == NULL || tmp_Z == NULL) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  prod_Z = OPENSSL_malloc(num * sizeof(prod_Z[0]));
+  if (prod_Z == NULL) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+  memset(prod_Z, 0, num * sizeof(prod_Z[0]));
+  for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+    prod_Z[i] = BN_new();
+    if (prod_Z[i] == NULL) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Set each prod_Z[i] to the product of points[0]->Z .. points[i]->Z,
+   * skipping any zero-valued inputs (pretend that they're 1). */
+
+  if (!BN_is_zero(&points[0]->Z)) {
+    if (!BN_copy(prod_Z[0], &points[0]->Z)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (group->meth->field_set_to_one != 0) {
+      if (!group->meth->field_set_to_one(group, prod_Z[0], ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (!BN_one(prod_Z[0])) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (i = 1; i < num; i++) {
+    if (!BN_is_zero(&points[i]->Z)) {
+      if (!group->meth->field_mul(group, prod_Z[i], prod_Z[i - 1],
+                                  &points[i]->Z, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (!BN_copy(prod_Z[i], prod_Z[i - 1])) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Now use a single explicit inversion to replace every
+   * non-zero points[i]->Z by its inverse. */
+
+  if (!BN_mod_inverse(tmp, prod_Z[num - 1], &group->field, ctx)) {
+    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(EC, ERR_R_BN_LIB);
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  if (group->meth->field_encode != NULL) {
+    /* In the Montgomery case, we just turned R*H (representing H)
+     * into 1/(R*H), but we need R*(1/H) (representing 1/H);
+     * i.e. we need to multiply by the Montgomery factor twice. */
+    if (!group->meth->field_encode(group, tmp, tmp, ctx) ||
+        !group->meth->field_encode(group, tmp, tmp, ctx)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (i = num - 1; i > 0; --i) {
+    /* Loop invariant: tmp is the product of the inverses of
+     * points[0]->Z .. points[i]->Z (zero-valued inputs skipped). */
+    if (BN_is_zero(&points[i]->Z)) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    /* Set tmp_Z to the inverse of points[i]->Z (as product
+     * of Z inverses 0 .. i, Z values 0 .. i - 1). */
+    if (!group->meth->field_mul(group, tmp_Z, prod_Z[i - 1], tmp, ctx) ||
+        /* Update tmp to satisfy the loop invariant for i - 1. */
+        !group->meth->field_mul(group, tmp, tmp, &points[i]->Z, ctx) ||
+        /* Replace points[i]->Z by its inverse. */
+        !BN_copy(&points[i]->Z, tmp_Z)) {
+      goto err;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /* Replace points[0]->Z by its inverse. */
+  if (!BN_is_zero(&points[0]->Z) && !BN_copy(&points[0]->Z, tmp)) {
+    goto err;
+  }
+
+  /* Finally, fix up the X and Y coordinates for all points. */
+  for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+    EC_POINT *p = points[i];
+
+    if (!BN_is_zero(&p->Z)) {
+      /* turn (X, Y, 1/Z) into (X/Z^2, Y/Z^3, 1). */
+      if (!group->meth->field_sqr(group, tmp, &p->Z, ctx) ||
+          !group->meth->field_mul(group, &p->X, &p->X, tmp, ctx) ||
+          !group->meth->field_mul(group, tmp, tmp, &p->Z, ctx) ||
+          !group->meth->field_mul(group, &p->Y, &p->Y, tmp, ctx)) {
+        goto err;
+      }
+
+      if (group->meth->field_set_to_one != NULL) {
+        if (!group->meth->field_set_to_one(group, &p->Z, ctx)) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (!BN_one(&p->Z)) {
+          goto err;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  ret = 1;
+
+err:
+  BN_CTX_end(ctx);
+  BN_CTX_free(new_ctx);
+  if (prod_Z != NULL) {
+    for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+      if (prod_Z[i] == NULL) {
+        break;
+      }
+      BN_clear_free(prod_Z[i]);
+    }
+    OPENSSL_free(prod_Z);
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_field_mul(const EC_GROUP *group, BIGNUM *r, const BIGNUM *a,
+                            const BIGNUM *b, BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  return BN_mod_mul(r, a, b, &group->field, ctx);
+}
+
+int ec_GFp_simple_field_sqr(const EC_GROUP *group, BIGNUM *r, const BIGNUM *a,
+                            BN_CTX *ctx) {
+  return BN_mod_sqr(r, a, &group->field, ctx);
+}