passagemath-gap-pkg-semigroups 10.6.29__cp312-abi3-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl

gap/pkg/semigroups/gap/greens/acting.gi

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+#############################################################################
+##
+##  greens/acting.gi
+##  Copyright (C) 2015-2022                              James D. Mitchell
+##
+##  Licensing information can be found in the README file of this package.
+##
+#############################################################################
+##
+
+#############################################################################
+## This file contains methods for Green's classes etc for acting semigroups.
+## It is organized as follows:
+##
+##   1. Helper functions for the creation of Green's classes, and lambda-rho
+##      stuff.
+##
+##   2. Technical Green's stuff (types, representative, etc)
+##
+##   3. Individual Green's classes (constructors, size, membership)
+##
+##   4. Collections of Green's classes (GreensXClasses, XClassReps, NrXClasses)
+##
+##   5. Idempotents and NrIdempotents
+##
+##   6. Regularity of Green's classes
+##
+##   7. Iterators and enumerators
+##
+#############################################################################
+
+#############################################################################
+## Green's classes are created as follows:
+##
+##   1. Create the class C using SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass, this sets the type,
+##      equivalence relations, whether or not the class is NC, the parent, and
+##      the element used to create the class (stored in C!.rep)
+##
+##   2. Copy or set the lambda/rho orbits using SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda/Rho and
+##      SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda/Rho. After calling any combination of these two
+##      functions Lambda/RhoOrb and Lambda/RhoOrbSCCIndex for the class are
+##      set.
+##
+##      The former simply copies the orbit and the index of the strongly
+##      connected component containing the lambda/rho value of the element used
+##      to create the class. This is useful, for example, when trying to create
+##      an R-class of a D-class, when the lambda orbit and scc index are just
+##      the same as those for the D-class.
+##
+##      The latter uses the lambda/rho orbit of the whole semigroup if it is
+##      known and the class is not nc. Otherwise it creates/finds the graded
+##      lambda/rho orbit. If the graded lambda/rho orbit is created/found, then
+##      the position of the lambda/rho value of C!.rep (the element used to
+##      create the class) in the orbit is stored in C!.Lambda/RhoPos.
+##
+##   3. Rectify the lambda/rho value of the representative. The representative
+##      of an R-class, for example, must have its lambda-value in the first
+##      position of the scc containing it. Representatives of L-classes must
+##      have the rho-value in the first position of the scc containing
+##      it, D-class reps must have both lambda- and rho-values in the
+##      respective first positions, the lambda- and rho-values of H-class reps
+##      must not be modified. The functions SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda/Rho can
+##      used to modify C!.rep (in place) so that its lambda/rho-value is in the
+##      first place of its scc. These functions depend on the previous 2 steps
+##      being called.
+##
+## Note that a Green's class does not satisfies IsGreensClassNC if it is known
+## that its representative is an element of the underlying semigroup, not if it
+## is known to be an element of another Green's class. Also a class in
+## IsGreensClassNC makes the assumption that the representative belongs to the
+## containing object, and reuses the lambda/rho orbit from the container. So,
+## it might be that the representative of a class created using an NC method,
+## has lambda/rho value not belonging to the lambda/rho orbit of the class.
+#############################################################################
+
+#############################################################################
+## 1. Helper functions for the creation of Green's classes . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+# same method for regular/different for inverse
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass := function(args, type, rel)
+  local S, nc, rep, irep, erep, C;
+
+  if Length(args) = 1 then  # arg is a Green's class
+    # for creating bigger classes containing smaller ones
+    Assert(1, IsActingSemigroupGreensClass(args[1]));
+    S := Parent(args[1]);
+    nc := IsGreensClassNC(args[1]);
+    rep := args[1]!.rep;
+  else  # arg is semigroup/Green's class, rep, and boolean
+        # for creating smaller classes inside bigger ones
+    if IsGreensClass(args[1]) then
+      S := Parent(args[1]);
+    else
+      S := args[1];
+    fi;
+    rep := args[2];
+    nc := args[3];
+  fi;
+
+  irep := ConvertToInternalElement(S, rep);
+  erep := ConvertToExternalElement(S, rep);
+
+  C := rec(rep := irep);
+  ObjectifyWithAttributes(C, type(S),
+                          ParentAttr, S,
+                          IsGreensClassNC, nc,
+                          EquivalenceClassRelation, rel(S),
+                          Representative, erep);
+
+  if IsInverseActingSemigroupRep(S) then
+    SetFilterObj(C, IsInverseActingRepGreensClass);
+  elif IsRegularActingSemigroupRep(S) then
+    SetFilterObj(C, IsRegularActingRepGreensClass);
+  elif HasIsRegularSemigroup(S) and IsRegularSemigroup(S) then
+    if type <> HClassType then
+      SetIsRegularGreensClass(C, true);
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  return C;
+end;
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass := function(arg...)
+  return SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass(arg, DClassType, GreensDRelation);
+end;
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass := function(arg...)
+  return SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass(arg, RClassType, GreensRRelation);
+end;
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CreateLClass := function(arg...)
+  return SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass(arg, LClassType, GreensLRelation);
+end;
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CreateHClass := function(arg...)
+  return SEMIGROUPS.CreateXClass(arg, HClassType, GreensHRelation);
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda := function(C)
+  local S, o;
+
+  S := Parent(C);
+  if HasLambdaOrb(S) and IsClosedOrbit(LambdaOrb(S))
+      and not IsGreensClassNC(C) then
+    SetLambdaOrb(C, LambdaOrb(S));
+    SetLambdaOrbSCCIndex(C, OrbSCCIndex(LambdaOrb(S), LambdaFunc(S)(C!.rep)));
+  else
+    o := GradedLambdaOrb(S, C!.rep, IsGreensClassNC(C) <> true, C);
+    SetLambdaOrb(C, o);
+    SetLambdaOrbSCCIndex(C, OrbSCCLookup(o)[C!.LambdaPos]);
+  fi;
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.SetRho := function(C)
+  local S, o;
+
+  S := Parent(C);
+  if HasRhoOrb(S) and IsClosedOrbit(RhoOrb(S)) and not IsGreensClassNC(C) then
+    SetRhoOrb(C, RhoOrb(S));
+    SetRhoOrbSCCIndex(C, OrbSCCIndex(RhoOrb(S), RhoFunc(S)(C!.rep)));
+  else
+    o := GradedRhoOrb(S, C!.rep, IsGreensClassNC(C) <> true, C);
+    SetRhoOrb(C, o);
+    SetRhoOrbSCCIndex(C, OrbSCCLookup(o)[C!.RhoPos]);
+  fi;
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda := function(old, new)
+  SetLambdaOrb(new, LambdaOrb(old));
+  SetLambdaOrbSCCIndex(new, LambdaOrbSCCIndex(old));
+  return;
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho := function(old, new)
+  SetRhoOrb(new, RhoOrb(old));
+  SetRhoOrbSCCIndex(new, RhoOrbSCCIndex(old));
+  return;
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda := function(C)
+  local o, i, m;
+  Assert(1, not IsGreensHClass(C));
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(C);
+
+  if not IsBound(C!.LambdaPos) then
+    i := Position(o, LambdaFunc(Parent(C))(C!.rep));
+  else
+    i := C!.LambdaPos;
+  fi;
+
+  m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(C);
+
+  if i <> OrbSCC(o)[m][1] then
+    C!.rep := C!.rep * LambdaOrbMult(o, m, i)[2];
+    # don't set Representative in case we must also rectify Rho
+  fi;
+
+  return;
+end;
+
+SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho := function(C)
+  local o, i, m;
+  Assert(1, not IsGreensHClass(C));
+  o := RhoOrb(C);
+
+  if not IsBound(C!.RhoPos) then
+    i := Position(o, RhoFunc(Parent(C))(C!.rep));
+  else
+    i := C!.RhoPos;
+  fi;
+
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(C);
+
+  if i <> OrbSCC(o)[m][1] then
+    C!.rep := RhoOrbMult(o, m, i)[2] * C!.rep;
+    # don't set Representative in case we must also rectify Lambda
+  fi;
+
+  return;
+end;
+
+# helper function, for: Green's class, lambda/rho value, rho/lambda scc,
+# rho/lambda orbit, and boolean
+
+SEMIGROUPS.Idempotents := function(x, value, scc, o, onright)
+  local S, out, j, tester, creator, i;
+  Assert(1, IsActingSemigroupGreensClass(x));
+
+  if HasIsRegularGreensClass(x) and not IsRegularGreensClass(x) then
+    return [];
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(x);
+
+  if IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S)
+      and IsMultiplicativeElementWithOneCollection(S)
+      and ActionRank(S)(x!.rep) = ActionDegree(x!.rep) then
+    return [One(S)];
+  fi;
+
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc));
+  j := 0;
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+  creator := IdempotentCreator(S);
+
+  if onright then
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(o[i], value) then
+        j := j + 1;
+        out[j] := ConvertToExternalElement(S, creator(o[i], value));
+      fi;
+    od;
+  else
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(value, o[i]) then
+        j := j + 1;
+        out[j] := ConvertToExternalElement(S, creator(value, o[i]));
+      fi;
+    od;
+  fi;
+
+  if not HasIsRegularGreensClass(x) then
+    SetIsRegularGreensClass(x, j <> 0);
+  fi;
+
+  # can't set NrIdempotents here since we sometimes input a D-class here.
+
+  ShrinkAllocationPlist(out);
+  return out;
+end;
+
+# helper function, for: Green's class, lambda/rho value, rho/lambda scc,
+# rho/lambda orbit, and boolean
+
+SEMIGROUPS.NrIdempotents := function(x, value, scc, o, onright)
+  local S, data, m, nr, tester, i;
+
+  if HasIsRegularGreensClass(x) and not IsRegularGreensClass(x) then
+    return 0;
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(x);
+
+  # check if we already know this...
+  if HasSemigroupDataIndex(x)
+      and not (HasIsRegularGreensClass(x) and IsRegularGreensClass(x)) then
+    data := SemigroupData(S);
+    m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(x);
+    if data!.repslens[m][data!.orblookup1[SemigroupDataIndex(x)]] > 1 then
+      return 0;
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  # is r the group of units...
+  if IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S) and
+      ActionRank(S)(x!.rep) = ActionDegree(x!.rep) then
+    return 1;
+  fi;
+
+  nr := 0;
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+
+  if onright then
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(o[i], value) then
+        nr := nr + 1;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  else
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(value, o[i]) then
+        nr := nr + 1;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  fi;
+
+  if not HasIsRegularGreensClass(x) then
+    SetIsRegularGreensClass(x, nr <> 0);
+  fi;
+
+  return nr;
+end;
+
+# helper function, for: Green's class, lambda/rho value, rho/lambda scc,
+# rho/lambda orbit, and boolean
+
+SEMIGROUPS.IsRegularGreensClass := function(x, value, scc, o, onright)
+  local S, data, m, tester, i;
+
+  if HasNrIdempotents(x) then
+    return NrIdempotents(x) <> 0;
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(x);
+
+  if HasSemigroupDataIndex(x) then
+    data := SemigroupData(S);
+    m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(x);
+    if data!.repslens[m][data!.orblookup1[SemigroupDataIndex(x)]] > 1 then
+      return false;
+    fi;
+  fi;
+
+  # is x the group of units...
+  if IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S) and
+      ActionRank(S)(x!.rep) = ActionDegree(x!.rep) then
+    return true;
+  fi;
+
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+
+  if onright then
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(o[i], value) then
+        return true;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  else
+    for i in scc do
+      if tester(value, o[i]) then
+        return true;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  fi;
+
+  return false;
+end;
+
+# Lambda-Rho stuff
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(LambdaOrbSCC, "for a Green's class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensClass],
+C -> OrbSCC(LambdaOrb(C))[LambdaOrbSCCIndex(C)]);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RhoOrbSCC, "for a Green's class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensClass],
+C -> OrbSCC(RhoOrb(C))[RhoOrbSCCIndex(C)]);
+
+# not required for regular/inverse, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(LambdaCosets, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  return RightTransversal(LambdaOrbSchutzGp(LambdaOrb(D),
+                                            LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D)),
+                          SchutzenbergerGroup(D));
+end);
+
+# not required for regular/inverse, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RhoCosets, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local o, m, S;
+  o := RhoOrb(D);
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(D);
+  S := Parent(D);
+  return RightTransversal(RhoOrbSchutzGp(o, m) ^
+                          LambdaConjugator(S)(RhoOrbRep(o, m),
+                                              D!.rep),
+                          SchutzenbergerGroup(D));
+end);
+
+# note that the RhoCosets of the D-class containing an L-class are not the same
+# as the RhoCosets of the L-class. The RhoCosets of a D-class correspond to the
+# lambda value of the rep of the D-class (which is in the first place of its
+# scc) and the rep of the D-class but the RhoCosets of the L-class should
+# correspond to the lambda value of the rep of the L-class which is not nec in
+# the first place of its scc.
+
+# different method for regular, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RhoCosets, "for a L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local D, S, rep, m, o, pos, x, conj;
+
+  D := DClassOfLClass(L);
+  S := Parent(L);
+  o := LambdaOrb(D);
+  m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D);
+
+  if IsRegularGreensClass(L) or Length(RhoCosets(D)) = 1 then
+    # Maybe <L> is regular and doesn't know it!
+    return [LambdaIdentity(S)(LambdaRank(S)(o[OrbSCC(o)[m][1]]))];
+  fi;
+
+  rep := L!.rep;
+  pos := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(rep));
+
+  if pos = OrbSCC(o)[m][1] then
+    return RhoCosets(D);
+  else
+    x := rep * LambdaOrbMult(o, m, pos)[2];
+    conj := LambdaConjugator(S)(x, rep) * LambdaPerm(S)(x, D!.rep);
+    return List(RhoCosets(D), x -> x ^ conj);
+  fi;
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RhoOrbStabChain, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+D -> RhoOrbStabChain(GreensLClassOfElementNC(D, D!.rep)));
+
+# same method for regular, not required for inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RhoOrbStabChain, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local G;
+
+  G := SchutzenbergerGroup(L);
+
+  if IsTrivial(G) then
+    return false;
+  elif IsNaturalSymmetricGroup(G) and
+      NrMovedPoints(G) = ActionRank(Parent(L))(L!.rep) then
+    return true;
+  elif IsPermGroup(G) then
+    return StabChainImmutable(G);
+  else  # if IsMatrixGroup(g)
+    return G;
+  fi;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(SemigroupDataIndex,
+"for an acting semigroup Green's class",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+C -> Position(SemigroupData(Parent(C)), Representative(C)));
+
+# different method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(SchutzenbergerGroup, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local o, m, lambda_schutz, lambda_stab, rho_schutz, rho_stab, schutz, p;
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(D);
+  m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D);
+  lambda_schutz := LambdaOrbSchutzGp(o, m);
+  lambda_stab := LambdaOrbStabChain(o, m);
+
+  o := RhoOrb(D);
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(D);
+  rho_schutz := RhoOrbSchutzGp(o, m);
+  rho_stab := RhoOrbStabChain(o, m);
+
+  if rho_stab = true then
+    schutz := lambda_schutz;
+    if lambda_stab = true then
+      SetRhoOrbStabChain(D, true);
+      # Right transversal required so can use PositionCanonical
+      SetRhoCosets(D, RightTransversal(schutz, schutz));
+      return lambda_schutz;
+    fi;
+  elif rho_stab = false then
+    SetRhoOrbStabChain(D, false);
+    SetRhoCosets(D, RightTransversal(rho_schutz, rho_schutz));
+    return rho_schutz;
+  fi;
+
+  # Use D!.rep because it might be different that Representative(D)
+  p := LambdaConjugator(Parent(D))(RhoOrbRep(o, m), D!.rep);
+  rho_schutz := rho_schutz ^ p;
+
+  if IsPermGroup(rho_schutz) then
+    SetRhoOrbStabChain(D, StabChainImmutable(rho_schutz));
+  else  # if IsMatrixGroup(g)
+    SetRhoOrbStabChain(D, rho_schutz);
+  fi;
+
+  if lambda_stab = false then
+    SetRhoCosets(D, Enumerator(rho_schutz));
+    return lambda_schutz;
+  elif lambda_stab = true then
+    schutz := rho_schutz;
+  else
+    schutz := Intersection(lambda_schutz, rho_schutz);
+  fi;
+
+  SetRhoCosets(D, RightTransversal(rho_schutz, schutz));
+  return schutz;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(SchutzenbergerGroup, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+R -> LambdaOrbSchutzGp(LambdaOrb(R), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R)));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(SchutzenbergerGroup, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local o, m, p;
+  o := RhoOrb(L);
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(L);
+  p := LambdaConjugator(Parent(L))(RhoOrbRep(o, m), L!.rep);
+  return RhoOrbSchutzGp(o, m) ^ p;
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(SchutzenbergerGroup, "for a H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local lambda_o, lambda_m, lambda_schutz, lambda_stab, rho_o, rho_m,
+   rho_schutz, rho_stab, S, rep, lambda_mult, lambda_p, rho_mult, rho_p;
+
+  lambda_o := LambdaOrb(H);
+  lambda_m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(H);
+  lambda_schutz := LambdaOrbSchutzGp(lambda_o, lambda_m);
+  lambda_stab := LambdaOrbStabChain(lambda_o, lambda_m);
+
+  if lambda_stab = false then
+    return lambda_schutz;
+  fi;
+
+  rho_o := RhoOrb(H);
+  rho_m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(H);
+  rho_schutz := RhoOrbSchutzGp(rho_o, rho_m);
+  rho_stab := RhoOrbStabChain(rho_o, rho_m);
+
+  if rho_stab = false then
+    return rho_schutz;
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(H);
+  rep := H!.rep;
+
+  lambda_mult := LambdaOrbMult(lambda_o,
+                               lambda_m,
+                               Position(lambda_o, LambdaFunc(S)(rep)))[2];
+
+  # the points acted on by LambdaSchutzGp mapped to the lambda value of rep
+  lambda_p := LambdaConjugator(S)(rep * lambda_mult, rep);
+
+  if rho_stab = true then
+    return lambda_schutz ^ lambda_p;
+  fi;
+
+  rho_mult := RhoOrbMult(rho_o, rho_m, Position(rho_o, RhoFunc(S)(rep)))[2];
+  # the points acted on by RhoSchutzGp mapped to the corresponding points for
+  # rep (the rho value mapped through the rep so that it is on the right)
+  rho_p := LambdaConjugator(S)(RhoOrbRep(rho_o, rho_m), rho_mult * rep);
+
+  return Intersection(lambda_schutz ^ lambda_p, rho_schutz ^ rho_p);
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 2. Technical Green's classes stuff . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+# Different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(\<, "for Green's D-classes of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass,
+ IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, y)
+  local scc;
+  if Parent(x) <> Parent(y) or x = y then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+  scc  := OrbSCCLookup(SemigroupData(Parent(x)));
+  return scc[SemigroupDataIndex(x)] < scc[SemigroupDataIndex(y)];
+end);
+
+# Different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(\<, "for Green's R-classes of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass,
+ IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, y)
+  if Parent(x) <> Parent(y) or x = y then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+  return SemigroupDataIndex(x) < SemigroupDataIndex(y);
+end);
+
+# TODO(later) a method for L-classes?
+
+InstallMethod(IsRegularDClass, "for a Green's D-class",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass], IsRegularGreensClass);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(DClassType, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  return NewType(FamilyObj(S), IsEquivalenceClass
+                               and IsEquivalenceClassDefaultRep
+                               and IsGreensDClass
+                               and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(HClassType, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  return NewType(FamilyObj(S), IsEquivalenceClass
+                               and IsEquivalenceClassDefaultRep
+                               and IsGreensHClass
+                               and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(LClassType, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  return NewType(FamilyObj(S), IsEquivalenceClass
+                               and IsEquivalenceClassDefaultRep
+                               and IsGreensLClass
+                               and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(RClassType, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  return NewType(FamilyObj(S), IsEquivalenceClass
+                               and IsEquivalenceClassDefaultRep
+                               and IsGreensRClass
+                               and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass);
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 3. Individual classes . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(DClassOfLClass, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local D;
+  D := SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass(L);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(L, D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(D);
+  return D;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(DClassOfRClass, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(R)
+  local D;
+  D := SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass(R);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(R, D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetRho(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(D);
+  return D;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular, different method for inverse semigroups,
+# same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(DClassOfHClass, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local D;
+  D := SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass(H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(H, D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(H, D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(D);
+  return D;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(LClassOfHClass, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local L;
+  L := SEMIGROUPS.CreateLClass(H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(H, L);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(L);
+  return L;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RClassOfHClass, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local R;
+  R := SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass(H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(H, R);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(R);
+  return R;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensDClassOfElement, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensDClassOfElementNC(S, x, false);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensDClassOfElementNC, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{S, x} -> GreensDClassOfElementNC(S, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensDClassOfElementNC,
+"for an acting semigroup, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsBool],
+function(S, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local D;
+  D := SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass(S, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetRho(D);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(D);
+  return D;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElement, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensLClassOfElementNC(S, x, false);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElementNC, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{S, x} -> GreensLClassOfElementNC(S, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElementNC,
+"for an acting semigroup, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsBool],
+function(S, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local L;
+  L := SEMIGROUPS.CreateLClass(S, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetRho(L);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(L);
+  return L;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElement,
+"for D-class of acting semigroup and element",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(D, x)
+  if not x in D then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a Green's D-class)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensLClassOfElementNC(D, x, IsGreensClassNC(D));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElementNC, "for D-class and multiplicative element",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{D, x} -> GreensLClassOfElementNC(D, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClassOfElementNC,
+"for D-class, multiplicative element, and bool",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement,
+ IsBool],
+function(D, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local L;
+  L := SEMIGROUPS.CreateLClass(D, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  # this is a special case, D might not be an inverse-op class but
+  # L might be an inverse-op class.
+  if IsInverseActingRepGreensClass(L) then
+    SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(D, L);
+    SEMIGROUPS.InverseRectifyRho(L);
+  else
+    SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(D, L);
+    SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho(L);
+  fi;
+  SetDClassOfLClass(L, D);
+  return L;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElement, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a semigroup)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensRClassOfElementNC(S, x, false);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElementNC, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{S, x} -> GreensRClassOfElementNC(S, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElementNC,
+"for an acting semigroup, multiplicative element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsBool],
+function(S, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local R;
+  R := SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass(S, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda(R);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(R);
+  return R;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElement,
+"for an acting semigroup D-class and multiplicative element",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(D, x)
+  if not x in D then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a Green's D-class)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensRClassOfElementNC(D, x, IsGreensClassNC(D));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElementNC, "for D-class and multiplicative element",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{D, x} -> GreensRClassOfElementNC(D, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClassOfElementNC,
+"for a D-class, multiplicative element, and bool",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement,
+ IsBool],
+function(D, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local R;
+  R := SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass(D, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(D, R);
+  SEMIGROUPS.RectifyLambda(R);
+  SetDClassOfRClass(R, D);
+  return R;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElement, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, x)
+  if not x in S then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the element does not belong to the semigroup");
+  fi;
+  return GreensHClassOfElementNC(S, x, false);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC, "for an acting semigroup and element",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{S, x} -> GreensHClassOfElementNC(S, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC,
+"for an acting semigroup, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsBool],
+function(S, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local H;
+  H := SEMIGROUPS.CreateHClass(S, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda(H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetRho(H);
+  return H;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElement, "for a D/H-class and element",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(C, x)
+  if not x in C then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (a mult. elt.) does not belong ",
+                  "to the 1st argument (a Green's class)");
+  fi;
+  return GreensHClassOfElementNC(C, x, IsGreensClassNC(C));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC, "for a D/H-class and element",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensClass, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+{C, x} -> GreensHClassOfElementNC(C, x, true));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC, "for a D/H-class, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensClass,
+ IsMultiplicativeElement,
+ IsBool],
+function(C, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local H;
+  H := SEMIGROUPS.CreateHClass(C, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(C, H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(C, H);
+  if IsGreensDClass(C) then
+    SetDClassOfHClass(H, C);
+  fi;
+  return H;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC, "for an L-class, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensLClass, IsMultiplicativeElement,
+ IsBool],
+function(L, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local H;
+  H := SEMIGROUPS.CreateHClass(L, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho(L, H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetLambda(H);
+  SetLClassOfHClass(H, L);
+  return H;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClassOfElementNC, "for an R-class, element, and bool",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensRClass, IsMultiplicativeElement,
+ IsBool],
+function(R, x, isGreensClassNC)
+  local H;
+  H := SEMIGROUPS.CreateHClass(R, x, isGreensClassNC);
+  SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda(R, H);
+  SEMIGROUPS.SetRho(H);
+  SetRClassOfHClass(H, R);
+  return H;
+end);
+
+# different method for inverse/regular, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(Size, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local L, R;
+  L := LambdaOrbSchutzGp(LambdaOrb(D), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D));
+  R := RhoOrbSchutzGp(RhoOrb(D), RhoOrbSCCIndex(D));
+  return Size(R) * Size(L) * Length(LambdaOrbSCC(D)) * Length(RhoOrbSCC(D)) /
+   Size(SchutzenbergerGroup(D));
+end);
+
+# same method for inverse/regular/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(Size, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+R -> Size(SchutzenbergerGroup(R)) * Length(LambdaOrbSCC(R)));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method of inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Size, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+L -> Size(SchutzenbergerGroup(L)) * Length(RhoOrbSCC(L)));
+
+# same method for inverse/regular/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(Size, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+H -> Size(SchutzenbergerGroup(H)));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(\in, "for mult. elt. and D-class of acting semigroup",
+[IsMultiplicativeElement, IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, D)
+  local S, rep, o, m, scc, l, schutz, cosets, membership, one, p;
+
+  S := Parent(D);
+  rep := Representative(D);
+
+  if ElementsFamily(FamilyObj(S)) <> FamilyObj(x)
+      or (IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S)
+          and ActionDegree(x) <> ActionDegree(rep))
+      or ActionRank(S)(x) <> ActionRank(S)(rep) then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  x := ConvertToInternalElement(S, x);
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(D);
+  m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D);
+  scc := OrbSCC(o);
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(x));
+
+  if l = fail or OrbSCCLookup(o)[l] <> m then
+    return false;
+  elif l <> scc[m][1] then
+    x := x * LambdaOrbMult(o, m, l)[2];
+  fi;
+
+  o := RhoOrb(D);
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(D);
+  scc := OrbSCC(o);
+  l := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(x));
+  schutz := RhoOrbStabChain(D);
+
+  if l = fail or OrbSCCLookup(o)[l] <> m then
+    return false;
+  elif schutz = true then
+    return true;
+  elif l <> scc[m][1] then
+    x := RhoOrbMult(o, m, l)[2] * x;
+  fi;
+
+  cosets := LambdaCosets(D);
+  rep := D!.rep;
+  x := LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x);
+  membership := SchutzGpMembership(S);
+  one := LambdaIdentity(S)(ActionRank(S)(rep));
+
+  if schutz <> false then
+    for p in cosets do
+      if membership(schutz, x / p) then
+        return true;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  else
+    for p in cosets do
+      if x / p = one then
+        return true;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  fi;
+
+  return false;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(\in, "for multiplicative element and L-class of acting semigroup",
+[IsMultiplicativeElement, IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, L)
+  local S, rep, o, m, scc, l, schutz;
+
+  S := Parent(L);
+  rep := Representative(L);
+
+  if ElementsFamily(FamilyObj(S)) <> FamilyObj(x)
+      or (IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S)
+          and ActionDegree(x) <> ActionDegree(rep))
+      or ActionRank(S)(x) <> ActionRank(S)(rep)
+      or LambdaFunc(S)(x) <> LambdaFunc(S)(rep) then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  x := ConvertToInternalElement(S, x);
+  rep := L!.rep;
+
+  o := RhoOrb(L);
+  m := RhoOrbSCCIndex(L);
+  scc := OrbSCC(o);
+  l := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(x));
+  schutz := RhoOrbStabChain(L);
+
+  if l = fail or OrbSCCLookup(o)[l] <> m then
+    return false;
+  elif schutz = true then
+    return true;
+  elif l <> scc[m][1] then
+    x := RhoOrbMult(o, m, l)[2] * x;
+  fi;
+
+  if x = rep then
+    return true;
+  elif schutz = false then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  return SchutzGpMembership(S)(schutz, LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(\in, "for multiplicative element and R-class of acting semigroup",
+[IsMultiplicativeElement, IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, R)
+  local S, rep, o, m, scc, l, schutz;
+
+  S := Parent(R);
+  rep := Representative(R);
+
+  if ElementsFamily(FamilyObj(S)) <> FamilyObj(x)
+      or (IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S)
+          and ActionDegree(x) <> ActionDegree(rep))
+      or ActionRank(S)(x) <> ActionRank(S)(rep)
+      or RhoFunc(S)(x) <> RhoFunc(S)(rep) then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  x := ConvertToInternalElement(S, x);
+  rep := R!.rep;
+
+  o := LambdaOrb(R);
+  m := LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R);
+  scc := OrbSCC(o);
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(x));
+  schutz := LambdaOrbStabChain(o, m);
+
+  if l = fail or OrbSCCLookup(o)[l] <> m then
+    return false;
+  elif schutz = true then
+    return true;
+  elif l <> scc[m][1] then
+    x := x * LambdaOrbMult(o, m, l)[2];
+  fi;
+
+  if x = rep then
+    return true;
+  elif schutz = false then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  return SchutzGpMembership(S)(schutz, LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(\in, "for element and acting semigroup H-class",
+[IsMultiplicativeElement, IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(x, H)
+  local S, rep;
+
+  S := Parent(H);
+  rep := Representative(H);
+
+  if ElementsFamily(FamilyObj(S)) <> FamilyObj(x)
+      or (IsActingSemigroupWithFixedDegreeMultiplication(S)
+          and ActionDegree(x) <> ActionDegree(rep))
+      or ActionRank(S)(x) <> ActionRank(S)(rep)
+      or RhoFunc(S)(x) <> RhoFunc(S)(rep)
+      or LambdaFunc(S)(x) <> LambdaFunc(S)(rep) then
+    return false;
+  fi;
+
+  x := ConvertToInternalElement(S, x);
+  rep := H!.rep;
+
+  return LambdaPerm(S)(rep, x) in SchutzenbergerGroup(H);
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 4. Collections of classes, and reps
+#############################################################################
+
+# These are not rho-rectified!
+
+# different methods for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(DClassReps, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local data, scc, out, i;
+
+  data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S), infinity, ReturnFalse);
+  scc := OrbSCC(data);
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc) - 1);
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(scc)] do
+    out[i - 1] := ConvertToExternalElement(S, data[scc[i][1]][4]);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(RelativeDClassReps, "for an acting semigroup and subsemigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S, T)
+  local data, D, gens, genstoapply, x, i, j;
+
+  if not IsSubsemigroup(S, T) then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (an acting semigroup) must be ",
+                  "a subsemigroup of the 1st argument (an acting semigroup)");
+  fi;
+
+  data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S, RelativeLambdaOrb(S, T)));
+  D    := List([1 .. Length(data)], x -> []);
+  gens := GeneratorsOfSemigroup(T);
+  genstoapply := [1 .. Length(gens)];
+  for i in [2 .. Length(data)] do
+    x := data[i][4];
+    for j in genstoapply do
+      Add(D[i], Position(data, gens[j] * x));
+    od;
+  od;
+  D := DigraphStronglyConnectedComponents(Digraph(D)).comps;
+  D := List(D, x -> x[1]){[2 .. Length(D)]};
+  return List(data{D}, x -> x[4]);
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(RelativeRClassReps, "for an acting semigroup and subsemigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S, T)
+  local data;
+  if not IsSubsemigroup(S, T) then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (an acting semigroup) must be ",
+                  "a subsemigroup of the 1st argument (an acting semigroup)");
+  fi;
+
+  data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S, RelativeLambdaOrb(S, T)));
+  return List(data, x -> x[4]);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensDClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local data, scc, out, CreateDClass, RectifyRho, next, D, i;
+
+  data         := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S), infinity, ReturnFalse);
+  scc          := OrbSCC(data);
+  out          := EmptyPlist(Length(scc));
+  CreateDClass := SEMIGROUPS.CreateDClass;
+  RectifyRho   := SEMIGROUPS.RectifyRho;
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(scc)] do
+    next := data[scc[i][1]];
+    # don't use GreensDClassOfElementNC here since we don't have to lookup scc
+    # indices or rectify lambda
+    D := CreateDClass(S, next[4], false);
+    SetLambdaOrb(D, LambdaOrb(S));
+    SetLambdaOrbSCCIndex(D, next[2]);
+    SetRhoOrb(D, RhoOrb(S));
+    SetRhoOrbSCCIndex(D, OrbSCCLookup(RhoOrb(S))[data!.rholookup[next[6]]]);
+    RectifyRho(D);
+    SetSemigroupDataIndex(D, next[6]);
+    out[i - 1] := D;
+  od;
+
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(LClassReps, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Concatenation(List(GreensDClasses(S), LClassReps)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Concatenation(List(GreensDClasses(S), GreensLClasses)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(LClassReps, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local scc, mults, cosets, rep, act, out, nr, x, p, i;
+
+  scc := LambdaOrbSCC(D);
+  mults := LambdaOrbMults(LambdaOrb(D), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(D));
+  cosets := LambdaCosets(D);
+  rep := D!.rep;
+  act := StabilizerAction(Parent(D));
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc) * Length(cosets));
+  nr := 0;
+
+  for p in cosets do
+    x := act(rep, p);
+    for i in scc do
+      nr := nr + 1;
+      # don't use GreensLClassOfElementNC cos we don't need to rectify the
+      # rho-value
+      out[nr] := x * mults[i][1];
+    od;
+  od;
+
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensLClasses, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensDClass],
+function(D)
+  local reps, out, CreateLClass, CopyRho, i;
+
+  reps := LClassReps(D);
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(reps));
+  CreateLClass := SEMIGROUPS.CreateLClass;
+  CopyRho      := SEMIGROUPS.CopyRho;
+
+  for i in [1 .. Length(reps)] do
+    # don't use GreensLClassOfElementNC cos we don't need to rectify the
+    # rho-value
+    out[i] := CreateLClass(D, reps[i], IsGreensClassNC(D));
+    CopyRho(D, out[i]);
+    SetDClassOfLClass(out[i], D);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(RClassReps, "for an acting semigroup", [IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local data, out, i;
+
+  data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S));
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(data) - 1);
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(data)] do
+    out[i - 1] := data[i][4];
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local reps, out, data, CreateRClass, i;
+
+  reps := RClassReps(S);
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(reps));
+  data := SemigroupData(S);
+  CreateRClass := SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass;
+  for i in [1 .. Length(reps)] do
+    # don't use GreensRClassOfElementNC cos we don't need to rectify the
+    # lambda-value
+    out[i] := CreateRClass(S, reps[i], false);
+    SetLambdaOrb(out[i], LambdaOrb(S));
+    SetLambdaOrbSCCIndex(out[i], data[i + 1][2]);
+    SetSemigroupDataIndex(out[i], i + 1);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(RClassReps, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensDClass],
+function(D)
+  local scc, mults, cosets, rep, act, out, nr, x, i, p;
+
+  scc := RhoOrbSCC(D);
+  mults := RhoOrbMults(RhoOrb(D), RhoOrbSCCIndex(D));
+  cosets := RhoCosets(D);
+  rep := D!.rep;
+  act := StabilizerAction(Parent(D));
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc) * Length(cosets));
+  nr := 0;
+
+  for p in cosets do
+    x := act(rep, p ^ -1);
+    for i in scc do
+      nr := nr + 1;
+      out[nr] := mults[i][1] * x;
+    od;
+  od;
+
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensRClasses, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensDClass],
+function(D)
+  local reps, out, CreateRClass, CopyLambda, i;
+
+  reps         := RClassReps(D);
+  out          := EmptyPlist(Length(reps));
+  CreateRClass := SEMIGROUPS.CreateRClass;
+  CopyLambda   := SEMIGROUPS.CopyLambda;
+
+  for i in [1 .. Length(reps)] do
+    # don't use GreensRClassOfElementNC cos we don't need to rectify the
+    # lambda-value
+    out[i] := CreateRClass(D, reps[i], IsGreensClassNC(D));
+    CopyLambda(D, out[i]);
+    SetDClassOfRClass(out[i], D);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(HClassReps, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup], S -> Concatenation(List(GreensRClasses(S), HClassReps)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Concatenation(List(GreensDClasses(S), GreensHClasses)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(HClassReps, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+D -> Concatenation(List(GreensRClasses(D), HClassReps)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClasses, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+D -> Concatenation(List(GreensRClasses(D), GreensHClasses)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(HClassReps, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(R)
+  local scc, mults, cosets, rep, act, out, nr, x, i, p;
+
+  scc := LambdaOrbSCC(R);
+  mults := LambdaOrbMults(LambdaOrb(R), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R));
+  cosets := LambdaCosets(DClassOfRClass(R));
+  rep := R!.rep;
+  act := StabilizerAction(Parent(R));
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc) * Length(cosets));
+  nr := 0;
+
+  for p in cosets do
+    x := act(rep, p);
+    for i in scc do
+      nr := nr + 1;
+      out[nr] := ConvertToExternalElement(Parent(R), x * mults[i][1]);
+    od;
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClasses, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(R)
+  local reps, out, i;
+  reps := HClassReps(R);
+  out := [GreensHClassOfElementNC(R, reps[1], IsGreensClassNC(R))];
+  # do this rather than GreensHClassOfElement(R, reps[i]) to
+  # avoid recomputing the RhoOrb.
+  for i in [2 .. Length(reps)] do
+    out[i] := GreensHClassOfElementNC(out[1], reps[i], IsGreensClassNC(R));
+    SetRClassOfHClass(out[i], R);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(HClassReps, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local scc, mults, cosets, rep, act, out, nr, x, p, i;
+
+  scc := RhoOrbSCC(L);
+  mults := RhoOrbMults(RhoOrb(L), RhoOrbSCCIndex(L));
+  cosets := RhoCosets(L);
+  # These are the rho cosets of the D-class containing L rectified so that they
+  # correspond to the lambda value of the rep of L and not the lambda value of
+  # the rep of the D-class.
+  rep := L!.rep;
+  act := StabilizerAction(Parent(L));
+  out := EmptyPlist(Length(scc) * Length(cosets));
+  nr := 0;
+
+  for p in cosets do
+    x := act(rep, p ^ -1);
+    for i in scc do
+      nr := nr + 1;
+      out[nr] := ConvertToExternalElement(Parent(L), mults[i][1] * x);
+    od;
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GreensHClasses, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local reps, out, i;
+  reps := HClassReps(L);
+  out := [GreensHClassOfElementNC(L, reps[1], IsGreensClassNC(L))];
+  # do this rather than GreensHClassOfElement(L, reps[i]) to
+  # avoid recomputing the RhoOrb.
+  for i in [2 .. Length(reps)] do
+    out[i] := GreensHClassOfElementNC(out[1], reps[i], IsGreensClassNC(L));
+    SetLClassOfHClass(out[i], L);
+  od;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrDClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Length(OrbSCC(SemigroupData(S))) - 1);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrLClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup], S -> Sum(List(GreensDClasses(S), NrLClasses)));
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrLClasses, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensDClass],
+D -> Length(LambdaCosets(D)) * Length(LambdaOrbSCC(D)));
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrRClasses, "for an acting semigroup", [IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Length(Enumerate(SemigroupData(S), infinity, ReturnFalse)) - 1);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrRClasses, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroupGreensClass and IsGreensDClass],
+D -> Length(RhoCosets(D)) * Length(RhoOrbSCC(D)));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrHClasses, "for an acting semigroup", [IsActingSemigroup],
+S -> Sum(List(GreensDClasses(S), NrHClasses)));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(GroupHClassOfGreensDClass,
+"for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local S, rho, o, scc, tester, rep, i;
+
+  if HasIsRegularGreensClass(D) and not IsRegularGreensClass(D) then
+    return fail;
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(D);
+  rho := RhoFunc(S)(D!.rep);
+  o := LambdaOrb(D);
+  scc := LambdaOrbSCC(D);
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+
+  for i in scc do
+    if tester(o[i], rho) then
+      if not HasIsRegularGreensClass(D) then
+        SetIsRegularGreensClass(D, true);
+      fi;
+      rep := ConvertToExternalElement(S, IdempotentCreator(S)(o[i], rho));
+      return GreensHClassOfElementNC(D, rep, IsGreensClassNC(D));
+    fi;
+  od;
+
+  if not HasIsRegularGreensClass(D) then
+    SetIsRegularGreensClass(D, false);
+  fi;
+  return fail;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsGroupHClass, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local S, x;
+  S := Parent(H);
+  x := H!.rep;
+  return IdempotentTester(S)(LambdaFunc(S)(x), RhoFunc(S)(x));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsomorphismPermGroup, "for H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local map, id, iso, inv;
+
+  if not IsGroupHClass(H) then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the argument (a Green's H-class) is not a group");
+  elif not IsPermGroup(SchutzenbergerGroup(H)) then
+    map := IsomorphismPermGroup(SchutzenbergerGroup(H));
+  else
+    map := IdentityMapping(SchutzenbergerGroup(H));
+  fi;
+
+  id := ConvertToInternalElement(Parent(H), MultiplicativeNeutralElement(H));
+
+  iso := function(x)
+    if not x in H then
+      ErrorNoReturn("the argument does not belong to the domain of the ",
+                    "function");
+    fi;
+    x := ConvertToInternalElement(Parent(H), x);
+    return LambdaPerm(Parent(H))(id, x) ^ map;
+  end;
+  inv := function(x)
+    local S, act;
+    if not x in Image(map) then
+      ErrorNoReturn("the argument does not belong to the domain of the ",
+                    "function");
+    fi;
+    S := Parent(H);
+    act := StabilizerAction(S);
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S,
+                                    act(id, x ^ InverseGeneralMapping(map)));
+  end;
+  return MappingByFunction(H, Range(map), iso, inv);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(PartialOrderOfDClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local D, n, out, data, gens, graph, datalookup, i, j, k, x, f;
+
+  D := GreensDClasses(S);
+  n := Length(D);
+  out := List([1 .. n], x -> []);
+
+  data       := SemigroupData(S);
+  gens       := data!.gens;
+  graph      := data!.graph;
+  datalookup := OrbSCCLookup(data) - 1;
+
+  for i in [1 .. n] do
+    # collect info about left multiplying R-class reps of D[i] by gens
+    for j in OrbSCC(data)[OrbSCCLookup(data)[SemigroupDataIndex(D[i])]] do
+      for k in graph[j] do
+        AddSet(out[i], datalookup[k]);
+      od;
+    od;
+
+    for x in gens do
+      for f in LClassReps(D[i]) do
+        AddSet(out[i], datalookup[Position(data, f * x)]);
+      od;
+    od;
+  od;
+  Perform(out, ShrinkAllocationPlist);
+  D := DigraphNC(IsMutableDigraph, out);
+  DigraphRemoveLoops(D);
+  MakeImmutable(D);
+  return D;
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(LeftGreensMultiplierNC,
+"for an acting semigroup and L-related elements",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, a, b)
+  local o, l, m, result, p;
+
+  o := Enumerate(RhoOrb(S));
+  l := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(a));
+  m := OrbSCCLookup(o)[l];
+
+  # back to the first pos. in scc
+  result := RhoOrbMult(o, m, l)[2];
+  l := Position(o, RhoFunc(S)(b));
+  # out to the same pos. as b
+  result := RhoOrbMult(o, m, l)[1] * result;
+
+  # result * a * LambdaPerm(S)(result * a, b) = b
+  p := LambdaPerm(S)(result * a, b);
+  # Apply the inverse of the bijection \Psi in Proposition 3.11 of the Citrus
+  # paper, to convert p from acting on the right to action on the left
+  return result * StabilizerAction(S)(a, p) * WeakInverse(a);
+end);
+
+InstallMethod(RightGreensMultiplierNC,
+"for an acting semigroup and R-related elements",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsMultiplicativeElement, IsMultiplicativeElement],
+function(S, a, b)
+  local o, l, m, result, p;
+
+  o := Enumerate(LambdaOrb(S));
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(a));
+  m := OrbSCCLookup(o)[l];
+
+  # back to the first pos. in scc
+  result := LambdaOrbMult(o, m, l)[2];
+  l := Position(o, LambdaFunc(S)(b));
+  # out to the same pos. as b
+  result := result * LambdaOrbMult(o, m, l)[1];
+
+  # At this point StabilizerAction(a * result, LambdaPerm(S)(a * result, b)) =
+  # b.
+  p := LambdaPerm(S)(a * result, b);
+  return WeakInverse(a) * StabilizerAction(S)(a * result, p);
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 5. Idempotents . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents, "for an acting semigroup", [IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local out, nr, tester, creator, rho_o, scc, lambda_o, gens, rhofunc, lookup,
+   rep, rho, j, i, k;
+
+  if HasRClasses(S) or not IsRegularSemigroup(S) then
+    return Concatenation(List(GreensRClasses(S), Idempotents));
+  fi;
+
+  out := [];
+  nr := 0;
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+  creator := IdempotentCreator(S);
+  rho_o := RhoOrb(S);
+  scc := OrbSCC(rho_o);
+  lambda_o := LambdaOrb(S);
+  Enumerate(lambda_o, infinity);
+  gens := lambda_o!.gens;
+  rhofunc := RhoFunc(S);
+  lookup := OrbSCCLookup(rho_o);
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(lambda_o)] do
+    # TODO(later) this could be better, just take the product with the next
+    # schreiergen every time
+    rep := EvaluateWord(lambda_o, TraceSchreierTreeForward(lambda_o, i));
+    rho := rhofunc(rep);
+    j := lookup[Position(rho_o, rho)];
+
+    for k in scc[j] do
+      if tester(lambda_o[i], rho_o[k]) then
+        nr := nr + 1;
+        out[nr] := creator(lambda_o[i], rho_o[k]);
+      fi;
+    od;
+  od;
+
+  if not HasNrIdempotents(S) then
+    SetNrIdempotents(S, nr);
+  fi;
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents,
+"for an acting semigroup and a positive integer",
+[IsActingSemigroup, IsInt],
+function(S, n)
+  local out, nr, tester, creator, rho_o, scc, lambda_o, gens, rhofunc, lookup,
+   rank, rep, rho, j, i, k;
+
+  if n < 0 then
+    ErrorNoReturn("the 2nd argument (an integer) is not non-negative");
+  elif n > Maximum(List(GeneratorsOfSemigroup(S), x -> ActionRank(S)(x))) then
+    return [];
+  elif HasIdempotents(S) or not IsRegularSemigroup(S) then
+    return Filtered(Idempotents(S), x -> ActionRank(S)(x) = n);
+  fi;
+
+  out      := [];
+  nr       := 0;
+  tester   := IdempotentTester(S);
+  creator  := IdempotentCreator(S);
+  rho_o    := RhoOrb(S);
+  scc      := OrbSCC(rho_o);
+  lambda_o := LambdaOrb(S);
+  gens     := lambda_o!.gens;
+  rhofunc  := RhoFunc(S);
+  lookup   := OrbSCCLookup(rho_o);
+  rank     := RhoRank(S);
+
+  Enumerate(lambda_o, infinity);
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(lambda_o)] do
+    # TODO(later) this could be better, just take the product with the next
+    # schreiergen every time
+    rep := EvaluateWord(lambda_o, TraceSchreierTreeForward(lambda_o, i));
+    rho := rhofunc(rep);
+    j := lookup[Position(rho_o, rho)];
+    if rank(rho_o[scc[j][1]]) = n then
+      for k in scc[j] do
+        if tester(lambda_o[i], rho_o[k]) then
+          nr := nr + 1;
+          out[nr] := creator(lambda_o[i], rho_o[k]);
+        fi;
+      od;
+    fi;
+  od;
+
+  return out;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  if HasIsRegularGreensClass(D) and not IsRegularGreensClass(D) then
+    # this avoids creating the R-classes, which is an unnecessary overhead
+    return [];
+  fi;
+  return Concatenation(List(GreensRClasses(D), Idempotents));
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+L -> SEMIGROUPS.Idempotents(L,
+                            LambdaFunc(Parent(L))(L!.rep),
+                            RhoOrbSCC(L),
+                            RhoOrb(L),
+                            false));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+R -> SEMIGROUPS.Idempotents(R,
+                            RhoFunc(Parent(R))(R!.rep),
+                            LambdaOrbSCC(R),
+                            LambdaOrb(R),
+                            true));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(Idempotents, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local S, x;
+
+  if not IsGroupHClass(H) then
+    return [];
+  fi;
+
+  S := Parent(H);
+  x := H!.rep;
+  return [ConvertToExternalElement(S,
+                                   IdempotentCreator(S)(LambdaFunc(S)(x),
+                                                        RhoFunc(S)(x)))];
+end);
+
+# Number of idempotents . . .
+
+# different method for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrIdempotents, "for an acting semigroup", [IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local data, lambda, rho, scc, lenreps, repslens, rholookup, repslookup,
+  tester, nr, rhoval, m, ind, i;
+
+  if HasIdempotents(S) then
+    return Length(Idempotents(S));
+  fi;
+
+  data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(S), infinity, ReturnFalse);
+
+  lambda := LambdaOrb(S);
+  rho := RhoOrb(S);
+  scc := OrbSCC(lambda);
+
+  lenreps := data!.lenreps;
+  repslens := data!.repslens;
+  rholookup := data!.rholookup;
+  repslookup := data!.repslookup;
+
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+
+  nr := 0;
+  for m in [2 .. Length(scc)] do
+    for ind in [1 .. lenreps[m]] do
+      if repslens[m][ind] = 1 then
+        rhoval := rho[rholookup[repslookup[m][ind][1]]];
+        for i in scc[m] do
+          if tester(lambda[i], rhoval) then
+            nr := nr + 1;
+          fi;
+        od;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  od;
+
+  return nr;
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrIdempotents, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+D -> Sum(List(GreensRClasses(D), NrIdempotents)));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(NrIdempotents, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+L -> SEMIGROUPS.NrIdempotents(L,
+                              LambdaFunc(Parent(L))(L!.rep),
+                              RhoOrbSCC(L),
+                              RhoOrb(L),
+                              false));
+
+# same method for regular/ideals, different method inverse
+
+InstallMethod(NrIdempotents, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+R -> SEMIGROUPS.NrIdempotents(R,
+                              RhoFunc(Parent(R))(R!.rep),
+                              LambdaOrbSCC(R),
+                              LambdaOrb(R),
+                              true));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrIdempotents, "for a H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  if IsGroupHClass(H) then
+    return 1;
+  fi;
+  return 0;
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 6. Regular classes . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+# not required for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsRegularGreensClass, "for an D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+D -> SEMIGROUPS.IsRegularGreensClass(D,
+                                     RhoFunc(Parent(D))(D!.rep),
+                                     LambdaOrbSCC(D),
+                                     LambdaOrb(D),
+                                     true));
+
+# not required for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsRegularGreensClass, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+L -> SEMIGROUPS.IsRegularGreensClass(L,
+                                     LambdaFunc(Parent(L))(L!.rep),
+                                     RhoOrbSCC(L),
+                                     RhoOrb(L),
+                                     false));
+
+# not required for regular/inverse, same for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsRegularGreensClass, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+R -> SEMIGROUPS.IsRegularGreensClass(R,
+                                     RhoFunc(Parent(R))(R!.rep),
+                                     LambdaOrbSCC(R),
+                                     LambdaOrb(R),
+                                     true));
+
+# same method for regular/inverse, same method for ideals
+
+InstallMethod(IsRegularGreensClass, "for an H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass], IsGroupHClass);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse/ideals
+
+InstallMethod(NrRegularDClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local data, datascc, rho, lambda, scc, rholookup, tester, nr, j, rhoval, i,
+   k;
+
+  data := SemigroupData(S);
+  datascc := OrbSCC(data);
+  rho := RhoOrb(S);
+  lambda := LambdaOrb(S);
+  scc := OrbSCC(lambda);
+  rholookup := data!.rholookup;
+  tester := IdempotentTester(S);
+  nr := 0;
+
+  for i in [2 .. Length(datascc)] do
+    j := datascc[i][1];
+    # data of the first R-class in the D-class corresponding to x
+    rhoval := rho[rholookup[j]];
+    for k in scc[data[j][2]] do
+      if tester(lambda[k], rhoval) then
+        nr := nr + 1;
+        break;
+      fi;
+    od;
+  od;
+  return nr;
+end);
+
+#############################################################################
+## 7. Iterators and enumerators . . .
+#############################################################################
+
+#############################################################################
+## 7.a. for all classes
+#############################################################################
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(IteratorOfRClassReps, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local record;
+
+  record := rec();
+
+  record.i := 1;
+
+  record.parent := S;
+
+  record.NextIterator := function(iter)
+    local data;
+    iter!.i := iter!.i + 1;
+    data := Enumerate(SemigroupData(iter!.parent), iter!.i, ReturnFalse);
+    if iter!.i > Length(data!.orbit) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+    return data[iter!.i][4];
+  end;
+
+  record.ShallowCopy := iter -> rec(i := 1, parent := iter!.parent);
+
+  return IteratorByNextIterator(record);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(IteratorOfRClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local record;
+
+  if HasGreensRClasses(S) then
+    return IteratorList(GreensRClasses(S));
+  fi;
+
+  record := rec();
+  record.parent := S;
+
+  return WrappedIterator(IteratorOfRClassReps(S),
+                         {iter, x} -> GreensRClassOfElementNC(iter!.parent, x),
+                         record);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(IteratorOfDClasses, "for an acting semigroup",
+[IsActingSemigroup],
+function(S)
+  local iter, convert, isnew;
+
+  if IsClosedData(SemigroupData(S)) then
+    return IteratorList(GreensDClasses(S));
+  fi;
+
+  convert := function(iter, x)
+    local D;
+    D := DClassOfRClass(GreensRClassOfElementNC(S, x));
+    Add(iter!.classes, D);
+    return D;
+  end;
+
+  isnew := {iter, x} -> x = fail or ForAll(iter!.classes, D -> not x in D);
+
+  return WrappedIterator(IteratorOfRClassReps(S),
+                         convert,
+                         rec(classes := []),
+                         isnew);
+end);
+
+########################################################################
+# 7.b. for individual classes
+########################################################################
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Enumerator, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+  local record, convert_out, convert_in, i;
+
+  record := rec();
+
+  record.parent           := D;  # required by WrappedEnumerator
+  record.underlying_enums := List(GreensRClasses(D), Enumerator);
+  record.lengths          := [];
+
+  for i in [1 .. NrRClasses(D)] do
+    record.lengths[i] := Sum(record.underlying_enums{[1 .. i]}, Length);
+  od;
+
+  convert_out := function(enum, pos)
+    local index;
+    index := PositionSorted(enum!.lengths, pos);
+    if index > 1 then
+      pos := pos - enum!.lengths[index - 1];
+    fi;
+    return enum!.underlying_enums[index][pos];
+  end;
+
+  convert_in := function(enum, elt)
+    local R, index, pos;
+    if not elt in enum!.parent then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+    R     := GreensRClassOfElement(enum!.parent, elt);
+    index := Position(GreensRClasses(D), R);
+    pos   := Position(enum!.underlying_enums[index], elt);
+    if index <> 1 then
+      return pos + enum!.lengths[index - 1];
+    else
+      return pos;
+    fi;
+  end;
+
+  return WrappedEnumerator(record, [1 .. Size(D)], convert_out, convert_in);
+end);
+
+# different method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Iterator, "for a D-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensDClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(D)
+
+  if HasAsList(D) then
+    return IteratorList(AsList(D));
+  fi;
+  return ChainIterators(GreensRClasses(D));
+end);
+
+# same method for inverse/regular
+
+InstallMethod(Enumerator, "for an H-class of acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local convert_in, convert_out;
+
+  convert_in := function(enum, elt)
+    local H, S, rep;
+    H   := enum!.parent;
+    S   := Parent(H);
+    rep := H!.rep;
+    elt := ConvertToInternalElement(S, elt);
+
+    if LambdaFunc(S)(elt) <> LambdaFunc(S)(rep)
+        or RhoFunc(S)(elt) <> RhoFunc(S)(rep) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+    return LambdaPerm(S)(rep, elt);
+  end;
+
+  convert_out := function(enum, perm)
+    local H, S;
+    H := enum!.parent;
+    S := Parent(H);
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S,
+                                    StabilizerAction(S)(H!.rep, perm));
+  end;
+
+  return WrappedEnumerator(H,
+                           Enumerator(SchutzenbergerGroup(H)),
+                           convert_out,
+                           convert_in);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Iterator, "for a H-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensHClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(H)
+  local record, unwrap;
+
+  if HasAsList(H) then
+    return IteratorList(AsList(H));
+  fi;
+
+  record        := rec();
+  record.parent := H;
+  record.rep    := H!.rep;
+
+  unwrap := function(iter, x)
+    local S, rep;
+    S   := Parent(iter!.parent);
+    rep := iter!.rep;
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S, StabilizerAction(S)(rep, x));
+  end;
+
+  return WrappedIterator(Iterator(SchutzenbergerGroup(H)), unwrap, record);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Enumerator, "for L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local convert_out, convert_in, scc, enum;
+
+  convert_in := function(enum, elt)
+    local L, S, i, f;
+
+    L := enum!.parent;
+    S := Parent(L);
+
+    elt := ConvertToInternalElement(S, elt);
+
+    if LambdaFunc(S)(elt) <> LambdaFunc(S)(L!.rep) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+
+    i := Position(RhoOrb(L), RhoFunc(S)(elt));
+    if i = fail or OrbSCCLookup(RhoOrb(L))[i] <> RhoOrbSCCIndex(L) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+
+    f := RhoOrbMult(RhoOrb(L), RhoOrbSCCIndex(L), i)[2] * elt;
+
+    return [i, LambdaPerm(S)(L!.rep, f)];
+  end;
+
+  convert_out := function(enum, tuple)
+    local L, S, rep, act, result;
+
+    L   := enum!.parent;
+    S   := Parent(L);
+    rep := L!.rep;
+    act := StabilizerAction(S);
+
+    result := act(RhoOrbMult(RhoOrb(L),
+                             RhoOrbSCCIndex(L),
+                             tuple[1])[1] * rep,
+                  tuple[2]);
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S, result);
+  end;
+
+  scc  := OrbSCC(RhoOrb(L))[RhoOrbSCCIndex(L)];
+  enum := EnumeratorOfCartesianProduct(scc, SchutzenbergerGroup(L));
+  return WrappedEnumerator(L, enum, convert_out, convert_in);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular, different method for inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Iterator, "for an L-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensLClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(L)
+  local it, record, unwrap;
+
+  if HasAsSSortedList(L) then
+    return IteratorList(AsSSortedList(L));
+  fi;
+
+  it := IteratorOfCartesianProduct(OrbSCC(RhoOrb(L))[RhoOrbSCCIndex(L)],
+                                   Enumerator(SchutzenbergerGroup(L)));
+
+  record := rec();
+  record.parent := L;
+
+  unwrap := function(iter, x)
+    local L, S, rep, result;
+    L   := iter!.parent;
+    S   := Parent(L);
+    rep := L!.rep;
+    result := StabilizerAction(S)(RhoOrbMult(RhoOrb(L),
+                                             RhoOrbSCCIndex(L),
+                                             x[1])[1] * rep,
+                                  x[2]);
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S, result);
+  end;
+
+  return WrappedIterator(it, unwrap, record);
+end);
+
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Enumerator, "for R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(R)
+  local convert_out, convert_in, scc, enum;
+
+  convert_in := function(enum, elt)
+    local R, S, i, f;
+
+    R := enum!.parent;
+    S := Parent(R);
+
+    elt := ConvertToInternalElement(S, elt);
+
+    if RhoFunc(S)(elt) <> RhoFunc(S)(R!.rep) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+
+    i := Position(LambdaOrb(R), LambdaFunc(S)(elt));
+
+    if i = fail or OrbSCCLookup(LambdaOrb(R))[i] <> LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R) then
+      return fail;
+    fi;
+    f := elt * LambdaOrbMult(LambdaOrb(R), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R), i)[2];
+
+    return [LambdaPerm(S)(R!.rep, f), i];
+  end;
+
+  convert_out := function(enum, tuple)
+    local R, S, rep, act, result;
+
+    R   := enum!.parent;
+    S := Parent(R);
+    rep := R!.rep;
+    act := StabilizerAction(S);
+    result := act(rep, tuple[1]) * LambdaOrbMult(LambdaOrb(R),
+                                                 LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R),
+                                                 tuple[2])[1];
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S, result);
+  end;
+
+  scc  := OrbSCC(LambdaOrb(R))[LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R)];
+  enum := EnumeratorOfCartesianProduct(SchutzenbergerGroup(R), scc);
+  return WrappedEnumerator(R, enum, convert_out, convert_in);
+end);
+
+# This method makes Iterator of a semigroup much better!!
+# same method for regular/inverse
+
+InstallMethod(Iterator, "for an R-class of an acting semigroup",
+[IsGreensRClass and IsActingSemigroupGreensClass],
+function(R)
+  local it, record, unwrap;
+
+  if HasAsSSortedList(R) then
+    return IteratorList(AsSSortedList(R));
+  fi;
+
+  it := IteratorOfCartesianProduct(Enumerator(SchutzenbergerGroup(R)),
+                                   OrbSCC(LambdaOrb(R))[LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R)]);
+
+  record        := rec();
+  record.parent := R;
+
+  unwrap := function(iter, x)
+    local R, S, rep, result;
+    R := iter!.parent;
+    S := Parent(R);
+    rep := R!.rep;
+    result := StabilizerAction(S)(rep, x[1])
+              * LambdaOrbMult(LambdaOrb(R), LambdaOrbSCCIndex(R), x[2])[1];
+    return ConvertToExternalElement(S, result);
+  end;
+
+  return WrappedIterator(it, unwrap, record);
+end);