multipers 2.4.0b1__cp312-cp312-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl

multipers/gudhi/gudhi/Fields/Zp_field_shared.h

@@ -0,0 +1,492 @@
+/*    This file is part of the Gudhi Library - https://gudhi.inria.fr/ - which is released under MIT.
+ *    See file LICENSE or go to https://gudhi.inria.fr/licensing/ for full license details.
+ *    Author(s):       Hannah Schreiber
+ *
+ *    Copyright (C) 2022 Inria
+ *
+ *    Modification(s):
+ *      - YYYY/MM Author: Description of the modification
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @file Zp_field_shared.h
+ * @author Hannah Schreiber
+ * @brief Contains the @ref Gudhi::persistence_fields::Shared_Zp_field_element class.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MATRIX_FIELD_ZP_VAR_H_
+#define MATRIX_FIELD_ZP_VAR_H_
+
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+#include <climits>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace Gudhi {
+namespace persistence_fields {
+
+/**
+ * @class Shared_Zp_field_element Zp_field_shared.h gudhi/Fields/Zp_field_shared.h
+ * @ingroup persistence_fields
+ *
+ * @brief Class representing an element of the \f$ \mathbb{F}_p \f$ field for any prime number \f$ p \f$.
+ * If each instantiation of the class can represent another element, they all share the same characteristics.
+ * That is if the characteristics are set for one, they will be set for all the others. The characteristics can
+ * be set before instantiating the elements with the static @ref Shared_Zp_field_element::initialize method.
+ *
+ * @tparam Unsigned_integer_type A native unsigned integer type: unsigned int, long unsigned int, etc.
+ * Will be used as the field element type.
+ */
+template <typename Unsigned_integer_type = unsigned int,
+          class = std::enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned_v<Unsigned_integer_type> > >
+class Shared_Zp_field_element
+{
+ public:
+  using Element = Unsigned_integer_type; /**< Type for the elements in the field. */
+  using Characteristic = Element;        /**< Type for the field characteristic. */
+  template <class T>
+  using isInteger = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<T> >;
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Default constructor. Sets the element to 0.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element() : element_(0) {}
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Constructor setting the element to the given value.
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   * @param element Value of the element.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  Shared_Zp_field_element(Integer_type element) : element_(_get_value(element))
+  {}
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Copy constructor.
+   *
+   * @param toCopy Element to copy.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element(const Shared_Zp_field_element& toCopy) = default;
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Move constructor.
+   *
+   * @param toMove Element to move.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element(Shared_Zp_field_element&& toMove) noexcept : element_(std::exchange(toMove.element_, 0)) {}
+
+  ~Shared_Zp_field_element() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Initialize the field to the given characteristic.
+   * Should be called first before constructing the field elements.
+   *
+   * @param characteristic Characteristic of the field. A positive prime number.
+   */
+  static void initialize(Characteristic characteristic)
+  {
+    if (characteristic <= 1)
+      throw std::invalid_argument("Characteristic must be strictly positive and a prime number.");
+
+    inverse_.resize(characteristic);
+    inverse_[0] = 0;
+    for (Element i = 1; i < characteristic; ++i) {
+      Element inv = 1;
+      Element mult = inv * i;
+      while ((mult % characteristic) != 1) {
+        ++inv;
+        if (mult == characteristic) throw std::invalid_argument("Characteristic must be a prime number.");
+        mult = inv * i;
+      }
+      inverse_[i] = inv;
+    }
+
+    characteristic_ = characteristic;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Returns the value of the element.
+   *
+   * @return Value of the element.
+   */
+  Element get_value() const { return element_; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator+=
+   */
+  friend void operator+=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_add(f1.element_, f2.element_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator+
+   */
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator+(Shared_Zp_field_element f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1 += f2;
+    return f1;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator+=
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend void operator+=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_add(f.element_, _get_value(v));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator+
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator+(Shared_Zp_field_element f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f += v;
+    return f;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator+
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Integer_type operator+(const Integer_type& v, Shared_Zp_field_element f)
+  {
+    f += v;
+    return f.element_;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator-=
+   */
+  friend void operator-=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_subtract(f1.element_, f2.element_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator-
+   */
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator-(Shared_Zp_field_element f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1 -= f2;
+    return f1;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator-=
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend void operator-=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_subtract(f.element_, _get_value(v));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator-
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator-(Shared_Zp_field_element f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f -= v;
+    return f;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator-
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Integer_type operator-(const Integer_type& v, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f)
+  {
+    return Shared_Zp_field_element::_subtract(_get_value(v), f.element_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator*=
+   */
+  friend void operator*=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_multiply(f1.element_, f2.element_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator*
+   */
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator*(Shared_Zp_field_element f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    f1 *= f2;
+    return f1;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator*=
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend void operator*=(Shared_Zp_field_element& f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f.element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_multiply(f.element_, _get_value(v));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator*
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Shared_Zp_field_element operator*(Shared_Zp_field_element f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    f *= v;
+    return f;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator*
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic. if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend Integer_type operator*(const Integer_type& v, Shared_Zp_field_element f)
+  {
+    f *= v;
+    return f.element_;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator==
+   */
+  friend bool operator==(const Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2)
+  {
+    return f1.element_ == f2.element_;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator==
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend bool operator==(const Integer_type& v, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f)
+  {
+    return Shared_Zp_field_element::_get_value(v) == f.element_;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator==
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend bool operator==(const Shared_Zp_field_element& f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    return Shared_Zp_field_element::_get_value(v) == f.element_;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator!=
+   */
+  friend bool operator!=(const Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f2) { return !(f1 == f2); }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator!=
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend bool operator!=(const Integer_type& v, const Shared_Zp_field_element& f)
+  {
+    return !(v == f);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief operator!=
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  friend bool operator!=(const Shared_Zp_field_element& f, const Integer_type& v)
+  {
+    return !(v == f);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Assign operator.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element& operator=(Shared_Zp_field_element other)
+  {
+    std::swap(element_, other.element_);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Move assign operator.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element& operator=(Shared_Zp_field_element&& other) noexcept
+  {
+    if (this == &other) return *this;
+
+    element_ = std::exchange(other.element_, 0);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Assign operator.
+   *
+   * @tparam Integer_type A native integer type. Should be able to contain the characteristic if signed.
+   */
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  Shared_Zp_field_element& operator=(const Integer_type& value)
+  {
+    element_ = Shared_Zp_field_element::_get_value(value);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Swap operator.
+   */
+  friend void swap(Shared_Zp_field_element& f1, Shared_Zp_field_element& f2) noexcept
+  {
+    std::swap(f1.element_, f2.element_);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Casts the element into an unsigned int.
+   */
+  operator unsigned int() const { return element_; }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Returns the inverse of the element in the field.
+   *
+   * @return The inverse.
+   */
+  Shared_Zp_field_element get_inverse() const { return Shared_Zp_field_element(inverse_[element_]); }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief For interface purposes with multi-fields. Returns the inverse together with the argument.
+   *
+   * @param productOfCharacteristics Some value.
+   * @return Pair whose first element is the inverse and the second element is @p productOfCharacteristics.
+   */
+  std::pair<Shared_Zp_field_element, Characteristic> get_partial_inverse(Characteristic productOfCharacteristics) const
+  {
+    return {get_inverse(), productOfCharacteristics};
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Returns the additive identity of the field.
+   *
+   * @return 0.
+   */
+  static Shared_Zp_field_element get_additive_identity() { return Shared_Zp_field_element(); }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Returns the multiplicative identity of the field.
+   *
+   * @return 1.
+   */
+  static Shared_Zp_field_element get_multiplicative_identity() { return Shared_Zp_field_element(1); }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief For interface purposes with multi-fields. Returns the multiplicative identity of the field.
+   *
+   * @param productOfCharacteristics Some value.
+   * @return 1.
+   */
+  static Shared_Zp_field_element get_partial_multiplicative_identity(
+      [[maybe_unused]] Characteristic productOfCharacteristics)
+  {
+    return Shared_Zp_field_element(1);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * @brief Returns the current characteristic.
+   *
+   * @return The value of the current characteristic.
+   */
+  static Characteristic get_characteristic() { return characteristic_; }
+
+  // static constexpr bool handles_only_z2() { return false; }
+
+ private:
+  Element element_;                             /**< Field element. */
+  static inline Characteristic characteristic_; /**< Current characteristic of the field. */
+  static inline std::vector<Element> inverse_;  /**< All inverse elements. */
+
+  static Element _add(Element element, Element v)
+  {
+    if (UINT_MAX - element < v) {
+      // automatic unsigned integer overflow behaviour will make it work
+      element += v;
+      element -= characteristic_;
+      return element;
+    }
+
+    element += v;
+    if (element >= characteristic_) element -= characteristic_;
+
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  static Element _subtract(Element element, Element v)
+  {
+    if (element < v) {
+      element += characteristic_;
+    }
+    element -= v;
+
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  static Element _multiply(Element element, Element v)
+  {
+    Element a = element;
+    element = 0;
+    Element temp_b;
+
+    while (a != 0) {
+      if (a & 1) {
+        if (v >= characteristic_ - element) element -= characteristic_;
+        element += v;
+      }
+      a >>= 1;
+
+      temp_b = v;
+      if (v >= characteristic_ - v) temp_b -= characteristic_;
+      v += temp_b;
+    }
+
+    return element;
+  }
+
+  template <typename Integer_type, class = isInteger<Integer_type> >
+  static constexpr Element _get_value(Integer_type e)
+  {
+    if constexpr (std::is_signed_v<Integer_type>) {
+      if (e < -static_cast<Integer_type>(characteristic_)) e = e % characteristic_;
+      if (e < 0) return e += characteristic_;
+      return e < static_cast<Integer_type>(characteristic_) ? e : e % characteristic_;
+    } else {
+      return e < characteristic_ ? e : e % characteristic_;
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+}  // namespace persistence_fields
+}  // namespace Gudhi
+
+#endif  // MATRIX_FIELD_ZP_VAR_H_