matrix-synapse 1.145.0rc2__cp310-abi3-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl

synapse/handlers/room_member.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2366 @@
+#
+# This file is licensed under the Affero General Public License (AGPL) version 3.
+#
+# Copyright 2020 Sorunome
+# Copyright 2016-2020 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
+# Copyright (C) 2023 New Vector, Ltd
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the
+# License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details:
+# <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/agpl-3.0.html>.
+#
+# Originally licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0:
+# <http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>.
+#
+# [This file includes modifications made by New Vector Limited]
+#
+#
+import abc
+import logging
+import random
+from http import HTTPStatus
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Iterable
+
+from synapse import types
+from synapse.api.constants import (
+    AccountDataTypes,
+    EventContentFields,
+    EventTypes,
+    GuestAccess,
+    Membership,
+)
+from synapse.api.errors import (
+    AuthError,
+    Codes,
+    PartialStateConflictError,
+    ShadowBanError,
+    SynapseError,
+)
+from synapse.api.ratelimiting import Ratelimiter
+from synapse.event_auth import get_named_level, get_power_level_event
+from synapse.events import EventBase, is_creator
+from synapse.events.snapshot import EventContext
+from synapse.handlers.pagination import PURGE_ROOM_ACTION_NAME
+from synapse.handlers.profile import MAX_AVATAR_URL_LEN, MAX_DISPLAYNAME_LEN
+from synapse.handlers.state_deltas import MatchChange, StateDeltasHandler
+from synapse.handlers.worker_lock import NEW_EVENT_DURING_PURGE_LOCK_NAME
+from synapse.logging import opentracing
+from synapse.metrics import SERVER_NAME_LABEL, event_processing_positions
+from synapse.replication.http.push import ReplicationCopyPusherRestServlet
+from synapse.storage.databases.main.state_deltas import StateDelta
+from synapse.storage.invite_rule import InviteRule
+from synapse.types import (
+    JsonDict,
+    Requester,
+    RoomAlias,
+    RoomID,
+    StateMap,
+    UserID,
+    create_requester,
+    get_domain_from_id,
+)
+from synapse.types.state import StateFilter
+from synapse.util.async_helpers import Linearizer
+from synapse.util.distributor import user_left_room
+from synapse.util.duration import Duration
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from synapse.server import HomeServer
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class NoKnownServersError(SynapseError):
+    """No server already resident to the room was provided to the join/knock operation."""
+
+    def __init__(self, msg: str = "No known servers"):
+        super().__init__(404, msg)
+
+
+class RoomMemberHandler(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
+    # TODO(paul): This handler currently contains a messy conflation of
+    #   low-level API that works on UserID objects and so on, and REST-level
+    #   API that takes ID strings and returns pagination chunks. These concerns
+    #   ought to be separated out a lot better.
+
+    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        self.hs = hs
+        self.store = hs.get_datastores().main
+        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
+        self.auth = hs.get_auth()
+        self.state_handler = hs.get_state_handler()
+        self.config = hs.config
+        self._server_name = hs.hostname
+
+        self.federation_handler = hs.get_federation_handler()
+        self.directory_handler = hs.get_directory_handler()
+        self.identity_handler = hs.get_identity_handler()
+        self.registration_handler = hs.get_registration_handler()
+        self.profile_handler = hs.get_profile_handler()
+        self.event_creation_handler = hs.get_event_creation_handler()
+        self.account_data_handler = hs.get_account_data_handler()
+        self.event_auth_handler = hs.get_event_auth_handler()
+        self._worker_lock_handler = hs.get_worker_locks_handler()
+
+        self._membership_types_to_include_profile_data_in = {
+            Membership.JOIN,
+            Membership.KNOCK,
+        }
+        if self.hs.config.server.include_profile_data_on_invite:
+            self._membership_types_to_include_profile_data_in.add(Membership.INVITE)
+
+        self.member_linearizer: Linearizer = Linearizer(
+            name="member", clock=hs.get_clock()
+        )
+        self.member_as_limiter = Linearizer(
+            max_count=10, name="member_as_limiter", clock=hs.get_clock()
+        )
+
+        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self._spam_checker_module_callbacks = hs.get_module_api_callbacks().spam_checker
+        self._third_party_event_rules = (
+            hs.get_module_api_callbacks().third_party_event_rules
+        )
+        self._server_notices_mxid = self.config.servernotices.server_notices_mxid
+        self._enable_lookup = hs.config.registration.enable_3pid_lookup
+        self.allow_per_room_profiles = self.config.server.allow_per_room_profiles
+
+        self._join_rate_limiter_local = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_joins_local,
+        )
+        # Tracks joins from local users to rooms this server isn't a member of.
+        # I.e. joins this server makes by requesting /make_join /send_join from
+        # another server.
+        self._join_rate_limiter_remote = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_joins_remote,
+        )
+        # TODO: find a better place to keep this Ratelimiter.
+        #   It needs to be
+        #    - written to by event persistence code
+        #    - written to by something which can snoop on replication streams
+        #    - read by the RoomMemberHandler to rate limit joins from local users
+        #    - read by the FederationServer to rate limit make_joins and send_joins from
+        #      other homeservers
+        #   I wonder if a homeserver-wide collection of rate limiters might be cleaner?
+        self._join_rate_per_room_limiter = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_joins_per_room,
+        )
+
+        # Ratelimiter for invites, keyed by room (across all issuers, all
+        # recipients).
+        self._invites_per_room_limiter = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_invites_per_room,
+            ratelimit_callbacks=hs.get_module_api_callbacks().ratelimit,
+        )
+
+        # Ratelimiter for invites, keyed by recipient (across all rooms, all
+        # issuers).
+        self._invites_per_recipient_limiter = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_invites_per_user,
+            ratelimit_callbacks=hs.get_module_api_callbacks().ratelimit,
+        )
+
+        # Ratelimiter for invites, keyed by issuer (across all rooms, all
+        # recipients).
+        self._invites_per_issuer_limiter = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_invites_per_issuer,
+            ratelimit_callbacks=hs.get_module_api_callbacks().ratelimit,
+        )
+
+        self._third_party_invite_limiter = Ratelimiter(
+            store=self.store,
+            clock=self.clock,
+            cfg=hs.config.ratelimiting.rc_third_party_invite,
+        )
+
+        self.request_ratelimiter = hs.get_request_ratelimiter()
+        hs.get_notifier().add_new_join_in_room_callback(self._on_user_joined_room)
+
+        self._forgotten_room_retention_period = (
+            hs.config.server.forgotten_room_retention_period
+        )
+
+        self._is_push_writer = (
+            hs.get_instance_name() in hs.config.worker.writers.push_rules
+        )
+        self._push_writer = hs.config.worker.writers.push_rules[0]
+        self._copy_push_client = ReplicationCopyPusherRestServlet.make_client(hs)
+
+    def _on_user_joined_room(self, event_id: str, room_id: str) -> None:
+        """Notify the rate limiter that a room join has occurred.
+
+        Use this to inform the RoomMemberHandler about joins that have either
+        - taken place on another homeserver, or
+        - on another worker in this homeserver.
+        Joins actioned by this worker should use the usual `ratelimit` method, which
+        checks the limit and increments the counter in one go.
+        """
+        self._join_rate_per_room_limiter.record_action(requester=None, key=room_id)
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def _remote_join(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str],
+        room_id: str,
+        user: UserID,
+        content: dict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Try and join a room that this server is not in
+
+        Args:
+            requester: The user making the request, according to the access token.
+            remote_room_hosts: List of servers that can be used to join via.
+            room_id: Room that we are trying to join
+            user: User who is trying to join
+            content: A dict that should be used as the content of the join event.
+
+        Raises:
+            NoKnownServersError: if remote_room_hosts does not contain a server joined to
+                the room.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def remote_knock(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str],
+        room_id: str,
+        user: UserID,
+        content: dict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Try and knock on a room that this server is not in
+
+        Args:
+            remote_room_hosts: List of servers that can be used to knock via.
+            room_id: Room that we are trying to knock on.
+            user: User who is trying to knock.
+            content: A dict that should be used as the content of the knock event.
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def remote_reject_invite(
+        self,
+        invite_event_id: str,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        requester: Requester,
+        content: JsonDict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """
+        Rejects an out-of-band invite we have received from a remote server
+
+        Args:
+            invite_event_id: ID of the invite to be rejected
+            txn_id: optional transaction ID supplied by the client
+            requester: user making the rejection request, according to the access token
+            content: additional content to include in the rejection event.
+               Normally an empty dict.
+
+        Returns:
+            event id, stream_id of the leave event
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def remote_rescind_knock(
+        self,
+        knock_event_id: str,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        requester: Requester,
+        content: JsonDict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Rescind a local knock made on a remote room.
+
+        Args:
+            knock_event_id: The ID of the knock event to rescind.
+            txn_id: An optional transaction ID supplied by the client.
+            requester: The user making the request, according to the access token.
+            content: The content of the generated leave event.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple containing (event_id, stream_id of the leave event).
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    @abc.abstractmethod
+    async def _user_left_room(self, target: UserID, room_id: str) -> None:
+        """Notifies distributor on master process that the user has left the
+        room.
+
+        Args:
+            target
+            room_id
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
+    async def forget(
+        self, user: UserID, room_id: str, do_not_schedule_purge: bool = False
+    ) -> None:
+        user_id = user.to_string()
+
+        member = await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_state_event(
+            room_id=room_id, event_type=EventTypes.Member, state_key=user_id
+        )
+        membership = member.membership if member else None
+
+        if membership is not None and membership not in [
+            Membership.LEAVE,
+            Membership.BAN,
+        ]:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "User %s in room %s" % (user_id, room_id))
+
+        # In normal case this call is only required if `membership` is not `None`.
+        # But: After the last member had left the room, the background update
+        # `_background_remove_left_rooms` is deleting rows related to this room from
+        # the table `current_state_events` and `get_current_state_events` is `None`.
+        await self.store.forget(user_id, room_id)
+
+        # If everyone locally has left the room, then there is no reason for us to keep the
+        # room around and we automatically purge room after a little bit
+        if (
+            not do_not_schedule_purge
+            and self._forgotten_room_retention_period
+            and await self.store.is_locally_forgotten_room(room_id)
+        ):
+            await self.hs.get_task_scheduler().schedule_task(
+                PURGE_ROOM_ACTION_NAME,
+                resource_id=room_id,
+                timestamp=self.clock.time_msec()
+                + self._forgotten_room_retention_period,
+            )
+
+    async def ratelimit_multiple_invites(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester | None,
+        room_id: str | None,
+        n_invites: int,
+        update: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Ratelimit more than one invite sent by the given requester in the given room.
+
+        Args:
+            requester: The requester sending the invites.
+            room_id: The room the invites are being sent in.
+            n_invites: The amount of invites to ratelimit for.
+            update: Whether to update the ratelimiter's cache.
+
+        Raises:
+            LimitExceededError: The requester can't send that many invites in the room.
+        """
+        await self._invites_per_room_limiter.ratelimit(
+            requester,
+            room_id,
+            update=update,
+            n_actions=n_invites,
+        )
+
+    async def ratelimit_invite(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester | None,
+        room_id: str | None,
+        invitee_user_id: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Ratelimit invites by room and by target user.
+
+        If room ID is missing then we just rate limit by target user.
+        """
+        if room_id:
+            await self._invites_per_room_limiter.ratelimit(requester, room_id)
+
+        await self._invites_per_recipient_limiter.ratelimit(requester, invitee_user_id)
+        if requester is not None:
+            await self._invites_per_issuer_limiter.ratelimit(requester)
+
+    async def _local_membership_update(
+        self,
+        *,
+        requester: Requester,
+        target: UserID,
+        room_id: str,
+        membership: str,
+        prev_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        state_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+        txn_id: str | None = None,
+        ratelimit: bool = True,
+        content: dict | None = None,
+        require_consent: bool = True,
+        outlier: bool = False,
+        origin_server_ts: int | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """
+        Internal membership update function to get an existing event or create
+        and persist a new event for the new membership change.
+
+        Args:
+            requester: User requesting the membership change, i.e. the sender of the
+                desired membership event.
+            target: Use whose membership should change, i.e. the state_key of the
+                desired membership event.
+            room_id:
+            membership:
+            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
+            state_event_ids:
+                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
+                by the MSC2716 /batch_send endpoint. This should normally be left as
+                None, which will cause the auth_event_ids to be calculated based on the
+                room state at the prev_events.
+            depth: Override the depth used to order the event in the DAG.
+                Should normally be set to None, which will cause the depth to be calculated
+                based on the prev_events.
+
+            txn_id:
+            ratelimit:
+            content:
+            require_consent:
+
+            outlier: Indicates whether the event is an `outlier`, i.e. if
+                it's from an arbitrary point and floating in the DAG as
+                opposed to being inline with the current DAG.
+            origin_server_ts: The origin_server_ts to use if a new event is created. Uses
+                the current timestamp if set to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of event ID and stream ordering position
+        """
+        user_id = target.to_string()
+
+        if content is None:
+            content = {}
+
+        content["membership"] = membership
+        if requester.is_guest:
+            content["kind"] = "guest"
+
+        # Check if we already have an event with a matching transaction ID. (We
+        # do this check just before we persist an event as well, but may as well
+        # do it up front for efficiency.)
+        if txn_id:
+            existing_event_id = (
+                await self.event_creation_handler.get_event_id_from_transaction(
+                    requester, txn_id, room_id
+                )
+            )
+            if existing_event_id:
+                event_pos = await self.store.get_position_for_event(existing_event_id)
+                return existing_event_id, event_pos.stream
+
+        # Try several times, it could fail with PartialStateConflictError,
+        # in handle_new_client_event, cf comment in except block.
+        max_retries = 5
+        for i in range(max_retries):
+            try:
+                (
+                    event,
+                    unpersisted_context,
+                ) = await self.event_creation_handler.create_event(
+                    requester,
+                    {
+                        "type": EventTypes.Member,
+                        "content": content,
+                        "room_id": room_id,
+                        "sender": requester.user.to_string(),
+                        "state_key": user_id,
+                        # For backwards compatibility:
+                        "membership": membership,
+                        "origin_server_ts": origin_server_ts,
+                    },
+                    txn_id=txn_id,
+                    prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+                    state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
+                    depth=depth,
+                    require_consent=require_consent,
+                    outlier=outlier,
+                )
+                context = await unpersisted_context.persist(event)
+                prev_state_ids = await context.get_prev_state_ids(
+                    StateFilter.from_types([(EventTypes.Member, user_id)])
+                )
+
+                prev_member_event_id = prev_state_ids.get(
+                    (EventTypes.Member, user_id), None
+                )
+
+                with opentracing.start_active_span("handle_new_client_event"):
+                    result_event = (
+                        await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
+                            requester,
+                            events_and_context=[(event, context)],
+                            extra_users=[target],
+                            ratelimit=ratelimit,
+                        )
+                    )
+
+                if event.membership == Membership.LEAVE:
+                    if prev_member_event_id:
+                        prev_member_event = await self.store.get_event(
+                            prev_member_event_id
+                        )
+                        if prev_member_event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                            await self._user_left_room(target, room_id)
+
+                break
+            except PartialStateConflictError as e:
+                # Persisting couldn't happen because the room got un-partial stated
+                # in the meantime and context needs to be recomputed, so let's do so.
+                if i == max_retries - 1:
+                    raise e
+
+        # we know it was persisted, so should have a stream ordering
+        assert result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
+        return result_event.event_id, result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
+
+    async def copy_room_tags_and_direct_to_room(
+        self, old_room_id: str, new_room_id: str, user_id: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """Copies the tags and direct room state from one room to another.
+
+        Args:
+            old_room_id: The room ID of the old room.
+            new_room_id: The room ID of the new room.
+            user_id: The user's ID.
+        """
+        # Retrieve user account data for predecessor room
+        user_account_data = await self.store.get_global_account_data_for_user(user_id)
+
+        # Copy direct message state if applicable
+        direct_rooms = user_account_data.get(AccountDataTypes.DIRECT, {})
+
+        # Check which key this room is under
+        if isinstance(direct_rooms, dict):
+            for key, room_id_list in direct_rooms.items():
+                if old_room_id in room_id_list and new_room_id not in room_id_list:
+                    # Add new room_id to this key
+                    direct_rooms[key].append(new_room_id)
+
+                    # Save back to user's m.direct account data
+                    await self.account_data_handler.add_account_data_for_user(
+                        user_id, AccountDataTypes.DIRECT, direct_rooms
+                    )
+                    break
+
+        # Copy room tags if applicable
+        room_tags = await self.store.get_tags_for_room(user_id, old_room_id)
+
+        # Copy each room tag to the new room
+        for tag, tag_content in room_tags.items():
+            await self.account_data_handler.add_tag_to_room(
+                user_id, new_room_id, tag, tag_content
+            )
+
+    async def update_membership(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        target: UserID,
+        room_id: str,
+        action: str,
+        txn_id: str | None = None,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str] | None = None,
+        third_party_signed: dict | None = None,
+        ratelimit: bool = True,
+        content: dict | None = None,
+        new_room: bool = False,
+        require_consent: bool = True,
+        outlier: bool = False,
+        prev_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        state_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+        origin_server_ts: int | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Update a user's membership in a room.
+
+        Params:
+            requester: The user who is performing the update.
+            target: The user whose membership is being updated.
+            room_id: The room ID whose membership is being updated.
+            action: The membership change, see synapse.api.constants.Membership.
+            txn_id: The transaction ID, if given.
+            remote_room_hosts: Remote servers to send the update to.
+            third_party_signed: Information from a 3PID invite.
+            ratelimit: Whether to rate limit the request.
+            content: The content of the created event.
+            new_room: Whether the membership update is happening in the context of a room
+                creation.
+            require_consent: Whether consent is required.
+            outlier: Indicates whether the event is an `outlier`, i.e. if
+                it's from an arbitrary point and floating in the DAG as
+                opposed to being inline with the current DAG.
+            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
+            state_event_ids:
+                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
+                by the MSC2716 /batch_send endpoint. This should normally be left as
+                None, which will cause the auth_event_ids to be calculated based on the
+                room state at the prev_events.
+            depth: Override the depth used to order the event in the DAG.
+                Should normally be set to None, which will cause the depth to be calculated
+                based on the prev_events.
+            origin_server_ts: The origin_server_ts to use if a new event is created. Uses
+                the current timestamp if set to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of the new event ID and stream ID.
+
+        Raises:
+            ShadowBanError if a shadow-banned requester attempts to send an invite.
+        """
+        if ratelimit:
+            if action == Membership.JOIN:
+                # Only rate-limit if the user isn't already joined to the room, otherwise
+                # we'll end up blocking profile updates.
+                (
+                    current_membership,
+                    _,
+                ) = await self.store.get_local_current_membership_for_user_in_room(
+                    requester.user.to_string(),
+                    room_id,
+                )
+                if current_membership != Membership.JOIN:
+                    await self._join_rate_limiter_local.ratelimit(requester)
+                    await self._join_rate_per_room_limiter.ratelimit(
+                        requester, key=room_id, update=False
+                    )
+            elif action == Membership.INVITE:
+                await self.ratelimit_invite(requester, room_id, target.to_string())
+
+        if action == Membership.INVITE and requester.shadow_banned:
+            # We randomly sleep a bit just to annoy the requester.
+            await self.clock.sleep(Duration(seconds=random.randint(1, 10)))
+            raise ShadowBanError()
+
+        key = (room_id,)
+
+        as_id = object()
+        if requester.app_service:
+            as_id = requester.app_service.id
+
+        # We first linearise by the application service (to try to limit concurrent joins
+        # by application services), and then by room ID.
+        async with self.member_as_limiter.queue(as_id):
+            async with self.member_linearizer.queue(key):
+                async with self._worker_lock_handler.acquire_read_write_lock(
+                    NEW_EVENT_DURING_PURGE_LOCK_NAME, room_id, write=False
+                ):
+                    with opentracing.start_active_span("update_membership_locked"):
+                        result = await self.update_membership_locked(
+                            requester,
+                            target,
+                            room_id,
+                            action,
+                            txn_id=txn_id,
+                            remote_room_hosts=remote_room_hosts,
+                            third_party_signed=third_party_signed,
+                            ratelimit=ratelimit,
+                            content=content,
+                            new_room=new_room,
+                            require_consent=require_consent,
+                            outlier=outlier,
+                            prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+                            state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
+                            depth=depth,
+                            origin_server_ts=origin_server_ts,
+                        )
+
+        return result
+
+    async def update_membership_locked(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        target: UserID,
+        room_id: str,
+        action: str,
+        txn_id: str | None = None,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str] | None = None,
+        third_party_signed: dict | None = None,
+        ratelimit: bool = True,
+        content: dict | None = None,
+        new_room: bool = False,
+        require_consent: bool = True,
+        outlier: bool = False,
+        prev_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        state_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+        origin_server_ts: int | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Helper for update_membership.
+
+        Assumes that the membership linearizer is already held for the room.
+
+        Args:
+            requester:
+            target:
+            room_id:
+            action:
+            txn_id:
+            remote_room_hosts:
+            third_party_signed:
+            ratelimit:
+            content:
+            new_room: Whether the membership update is happening in the context of a room
+                creation.
+            require_consent:
+            outlier: Indicates whether the event is an `outlier`, i.e. if
+                it's from an arbitrary point and floating in the DAG as
+                opposed to being inline with the current DAG.
+            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
+            state_event_ids:
+                The full state at a given event. This was previously used particularly
+                by the MSC2716 /batch_send endpoint. This should normally be left as
+                None, which will cause the auth_event_ids to be calculated based on the
+                room state at the prev_events.
+            depth: Override the depth used to order the event in the DAG.
+                Should normally be set to None, which will cause the depth to be calculated
+                based on the prev_events.
+            origin_server_ts: The origin_server_ts to use if a new event is created. Uses
+                the current timestamp if set to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of the new event ID and stream ID.
+        """
+
+        content_specified = bool(content)
+        if content is None:
+            content = {}
+        else:
+            # We do a copy here as we potentially change some keys
+            # later on.
+            content = dict(content)
+
+        # allow the server notices mxid to set room-level profile
+        is_requester_server_notices_user = (
+            self._server_notices_mxid is not None
+            and requester.user.to_string() == self._server_notices_mxid
+        )
+
+        # The requester may be a regular user, but puppeted by the server.
+        request_by_server = requester.authenticated_entity == self._server_name
+
+        # If the request is initiated by the server, ignore whether the
+        # requester or target is suspended.
+        if not request_by_server:
+            requester_suspended = await self.store.get_user_suspended_status(
+                requester.user.to_string()
+            )
+            if action == Membership.INVITE and requester_suspended:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403,
+                    "Sending invites while account is suspended is not allowed.",
+                    Codes.USER_ACCOUNT_SUSPENDED,
+                )
+
+            if target.to_string() != requester.user.to_string():
+                target_suspended = await self.store.get_user_suspended_status(
+                    target.to_string()
+                )
+            else:
+                target_suspended = requester_suspended
+
+            if action == Membership.JOIN and target_suspended:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403,
+                    "Joining rooms while account is suspended is not allowed.",
+                    Codes.USER_ACCOUNT_SUSPENDED,
+                )
+            if action == Membership.KNOCK and target_suspended:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403,
+                    "Knocking on rooms while account is suspended is not allowed.",
+                    Codes.USER_ACCOUNT_SUSPENDED,
+                )
+
+        if (
+            not self.allow_per_room_profiles and not is_requester_server_notices_user
+        ) or requester.shadow_banned:
+            # Strip profile data, knowing that new profile data will be added to
+            # the event's content below using the target's global profile.
+            content.pop("displayname", None)
+            content.pop("avatar_url", None)
+
+        if len(content.get("displayname") or "") > MAX_DISPLAYNAME_LEN:
+            raise SynapseError(
+                400,
+                f"Displayname is too long (max {MAX_DISPLAYNAME_LEN})",
+                errcode=Codes.BAD_JSON,
+            )
+
+        if len(content.get("avatar_url") or "") > MAX_AVATAR_URL_LEN:
+            raise SynapseError(
+                400,
+                f"Avatar URL is too long (max {MAX_AVATAR_URL_LEN})",
+                errcode=Codes.BAD_JSON,
+            )
+
+        if "avatar_url" in content and content.get("avatar_url") is not None:
+            if not await self.profile_handler.check_avatar_size_and_mime_type(
+                content["avatar_url"],
+            ):
+                raise SynapseError(403, "This avatar is not allowed", Codes.FORBIDDEN)
+
+        # The event content should *not* include the authorising user as
+        # it won't be properly signed. Strip it out since it might come
+        # back from a client updating a display name / avatar.
+        #
+        # This only applies to restricted rooms, but there should be no reason
+        # for a client to include it. Unconditionally remove it.
+        content.pop(EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER, None)
+
+        effective_membership_state = action
+        if action in ["kick", "unban"]:
+            effective_membership_state = "leave"
+
+        if effective_membership_state not in Membership.LIST:
+            raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid membership key")
+
+        # Add profile data for joins etc, if no per-room profile.
+        if (
+            effective_membership_state
+            in self._membership_types_to_include_profile_data_in
+        ):
+            # If event doesn't include a display name, add one.
+            profile = self.profile_handler
+
+            try:
+                if "displayname" not in content:
+                    displayname = await profile.get_displayname(target)
+                    if displayname is not None:
+                        content["displayname"] = displayname
+                if "avatar_url" not in content:
+                    avatar_url = await profile.get_avatar_url(target)
+                    if avatar_url is not None:
+                        content["avatar_url"] = avatar_url
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.info("Failed to get profile information for %r: %s", target, e)
+
+        # if this is a join with a 3pid signature, we may need to turn a 3pid
+        # invite into a normal invite before we can handle the join.
+        if third_party_signed is not None:
+            await self.federation_handler.exchange_third_party_invite(
+                third_party_signed["sender"],
+                target.to_string(),
+                room_id,
+                third_party_signed,
+            )
+
+        if not remote_room_hosts:
+            remote_room_hosts = []
+
+        if effective_membership_state not in ("leave", "ban"):
+            is_blocked = await self.store.is_room_blocked(room_id)
+            if is_blocked:
+                raise SynapseError(403, "This room has been blocked on this server")
+
+        if effective_membership_state == Membership.INVITE:
+            target_id = target.to_string()
+
+            # block any attempts to invite the server notices mxid
+            if target_id == self._server_notices_mxid:
+                raise SynapseError(HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN, "Cannot invite this user")
+
+            block_invite_result: tuple[Codes, dict] | None = None
+
+            if (
+                self._server_notices_mxid is not None
+                and requester.user.to_string() == self._server_notices_mxid
+            ):
+                # allow the server notices mxid to send invites
+                is_requester_admin = True
+
+            else:
+                is_requester_admin = await self.auth.is_server_admin(requester)
+
+            if not is_requester_admin:
+                if self.config.server.block_non_admin_invites:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Blocking invite: user is not admin and non-admin "
+                        "invites disabled"
+                    )
+                    block_invite_result = (Codes.FORBIDDEN, {})
+
+                spam_check = await self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.user_may_invite(
+                    requester.user.to_string(), target_id, room_id
+                )
+                if spam_check != self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.NOT_SPAM:
+                    logger.info("Blocking invite due to spam checker")
+                    block_invite_result = spam_check
+
+            if block_invite_result is not None:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403,
+                    "Invites have been disabled on this server",
+                    errcode=block_invite_result[0],
+                    additional_fields=block_invite_result[1],
+                )
+
+            # check the invitee's configuration and apply rules. Admins on the server can bypass.
+            if not is_requester_admin:
+                invite_config = await self.store.get_invite_config_for_user(target_id)
+                rule = invite_config.get_invite_rule(requester.user.to_string())
+                if rule == InviteRule.BLOCK:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Automatically rejecting invite from %s due to the the invite filtering rules of %s",
+                        target_id,
+                        requester.user,
+                    )
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        403,
+                        "You are not permitted to invite this user.",
+                        errcode=Codes.INVITE_BLOCKED,
+                    )
+                # InviteRule.IGNORE is handled at the sync layer.
+
+        if prev_event_ids is not None:
+            return await self._local_membership_update(
+                requester=requester,
+                target=target,
+                room_id=room_id,
+                membership=effective_membership_state,
+                txn_id=txn_id,
+                ratelimit=ratelimit,
+                prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+                state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
+                depth=depth,
+                content=content,
+                require_consent=require_consent,
+                outlier=outlier,
+                origin_server_ts=origin_server_ts,
+            )
+
+        latest_event_ids = await self.store.get_prev_events_for_room(room_id)
+
+        is_partial_state_room = await self.store.is_partial_state_room(room_id)
+        partial_state_before_join = await self.state_handler.compute_state_after_events(
+            room_id, latest_event_ids, await_full_state=False
+        )
+        # `is_partial_state_room` also indicates whether `partial_state_before_join` is
+        # partial.
+
+        is_host_in_room = await self._is_host_in_room(partial_state_before_join)
+
+        # if we are not in the room, we won't have the current state
+        if is_host_in_room:
+            # TODO: Refactor into dictionary of explicitly allowed transitions
+            # between old and new state, with specific error messages for some
+            # transitions and generic otherwise
+            old_state_id = partial_state_before_join.get(
+                (EventTypes.Member, target.to_string())
+            )
+
+            if old_state_id:
+                old_state = await self.store.get_event(old_state_id, allow_none=True)
+                old_membership = (
+                    old_state.content.get("membership") if old_state else None
+                )
+                if action == "unban" and old_membership != "ban":
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        403,
+                        "Cannot unban user who was not banned"
+                        " (membership=%s)" % old_membership,
+                        errcode=Codes.BAD_STATE,
+                    )
+                if old_membership == "ban" and action not in ["ban", "unban", "leave"]:
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        403,
+                        "Cannot %s user who was banned" % (action,),
+                        errcode=Codes.BAD_STATE,
+                    )
+
+                if old_state:
+                    same_content = content == old_state.content
+                    same_membership = old_membership == effective_membership_state
+                    same_sender = requester.user.to_string() == old_state.sender
+                    if same_sender and same_membership and same_content:
+                        # duplicate event.
+                        # we know it was persisted, so must have a stream ordering.
+                        assert old_state.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
+                        return (
+                            old_state.event_id,
+                            old_state.internal_metadata.stream_ordering,
+                        )
+
+                if old_membership in ["ban", "leave"] and action == "kick":
+                    raise AuthError(403, "The target user is not in the room")
+
+                # we don't allow people to reject invites to the server notice
+                # room, but they can leave it once they are joined.
+                if (
+                    old_membership == Membership.INVITE
+                    and effective_membership_state == Membership.LEAVE
+                ):
+                    is_blocked = await self.store.is_server_notice_room(room_id)
+                    if is_blocked:
+                        raise SynapseError(
+                            HTTPStatus.FORBIDDEN,
+                            "You cannot reject this invite",
+                            errcode=Codes.CANNOT_LEAVE_SERVER_NOTICE_ROOM,
+                        )
+            else:
+                if action == "kick":
+                    raise AuthError(403, "The target user is not in the room")
+
+        if effective_membership_state == Membership.JOIN:
+            if requester.is_guest:
+                guest_can_join = await self._can_guest_join(partial_state_before_join)
+                if not guest_can_join:
+                    # This should be an auth check, but guests are a local concept,
+                    # so don't really fit into the general auth process.
+                    raise AuthError(403, "Guest access not allowed")
+
+            # Figure out whether the user is a server admin to determine whether they
+            # should be able to bypass the spam checker.
+            if (
+                self._server_notices_mxid is not None
+                and requester.user.to_string() == self._server_notices_mxid
+            ):
+                # allow the server notices mxid to join rooms
+                bypass_spam_checker = True
+
+            else:
+                bypass_spam_checker = await self.auth.is_server_admin(requester)
+
+            inviter = await self._get_inviter(target.to_string(), room_id)
+            if (
+                not bypass_spam_checker
+                # We assume that if the spam checker allowed the user to create
+                # a room then they're allowed to join it.
+                and not new_room
+            ):
+                spam_check = (
+                    await self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.user_may_join_room(
+                        target.to_string(), room_id, is_invited=inviter is not None
+                    )
+                )
+                if spam_check != self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.NOT_SPAM:
+                    raise SynapseError(
+                        403,
+                        "Not allowed to join this room",
+                        errcode=spam_check[0],
+                        additional_fields=spam_check[1],
+                    )
+
+            # Check if a remote join should be performed.
+            remote_join, remote_room_hosts = await self._should_perform_remote_join(
+                target.to_string(),
+                room_id,
+                remote_room_hosts,
+                content,
+                is_partial_state_room,
+                is_host_in_room,
+                partial_state_before_join,
+            )
+            if remote_join:
+                if ratelimit:
+                    await self._join_rate_limiter_remote.ratelimit(
+                        requester,
+                    )
+                    await self._join_rate_per_room_limiter.ratelimit(
+                        requester,
+                        key=room_id,
+                        update=False,
+                    )
+
+                inviter = await self._get_inviter(target.to_string(), room_id)
+                if inviter and not self.hs.is_mine(inviter):
+                    remote_room_hosts.append(inviter.domain)
+
+                content["membership"] = Membership.JOIN
+
+                try:
+                    profile = self.profile_handler
+                    if not content_specified:
+                        content["displayname"] = await profile.get_displayname(target)
+                        content["avatar_url"] = await profile.get_avatar_url(target)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Failed to get profile information while processing remote join for %r: %s",
+                        target,
+                        e,
+                    )
+
+                if requester.is_guest:
+                    content["kind"] = "guest"
+
+                remote_join_response = await self._remote_join(
+                    requester, remote_room_hosts, room_id, target, content
+                )
+
+                return remote_join_response
+
+        elif effective_membership_state == Membership.LEAVE:
+            if not is_host_in_room:
+                # Figure out the user's current membership state for the room
+                (
+                    current_membership_type,
+                    current_membership_event_id,
+                ) = await self.store.get_local_current_membership_for_user_in_room(
+                    target.to_string(), room_id
+                )
+                if not current_membership_type or not current_membership_event_id:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "%s sent a leave request to %s, but that is not an active room "
+                        "on this server, or there is no pending invite or knock",
+                        target,
+                        room_id,
+                    )
+
+                    raise SynapseError(404, "Not a known room")
+
+                # perhaps we've been invited
+                if current_membership_type == Membership.INVITE:
+                    invite = await self.store.get_event(current_membership_event_id)
+                    logger.info(
+                        "%s rejects invite to %s from %s",
+                        target,
+                        room_id,
+                        invite.sender,
+                    )
+
+                    if not self.hs.is_mine_id(invite.sender):
+                        # send the rejection to the inviter's HS (with fallback to
+                        # local event)
+                        return await self.remote_reject_invite(
+                            invite.event_id,
+                            txn_id,
+                            requester,
+                            content,
+                        )
+
+                    # the inviter was on our server, but has now left. Carry on
+                    # with the normal rejection codepath, which will also send the
+                    # rejection out to any other servers we believe are still in the room.
+
+                    # thanks to overzealous cleaning up of event_forward_extremities in
+                    # `delete_old_current_state_events`, it's possible to end up with no
+                    # forward extremities here. If that happens, let's just hang the
+                    # rejection off the invite event.
+                    #
+                    # see: https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/7139
+                    if len(latest_event_ids) == 0:
+                        latest_event_ids = [invite.event_id]
+
+                # or perhaps this is a remote room that a local user has knocked on
+                elif current_membership_type == Membership.KNOCK:
+                    knock = await self.store.get_event(current_membership_event_id)
+                    return await self.remote_rescind_knock(
+                        knock.event_id, txn_id, requester, content
+                    )
+
+        elif effective_membership_state == Membership.KNOCK:
+            if not is_host_in_room:
+                # we used to add the domain of the room ID to remote_room_hosts.
+                # This is not safe in MSC4291 rooms which do not have a domain.
+                content["membership"] = Membership.KNOCK
+
+                try:
+                    profile = self.profile_handler
+                    if "displayname" not in content:
+                        content["displayname"] = await profile.get_displayname(target)
+                    if "avatar_url" not in content:
+                        content["avatar_url"] = await profile.get_avatar_url(target)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    logger.info(
+                        "Failed to get profile information while processing remote knock for %r: %s",
+                        target,
+                        e,
+                    )
+
+                return await self.remote_knock(
+                    requester, remote_room_hosts, room_id, target, content
+                )
+
+        return await self._local_membership_update(
+            requester=requester,
+            target=target,
+            room_id=room_id,
+            membership=effective_membership_state,
+            txn_id=txn_id,
+            ratelimit=ratelimit,
+            prev_event_ids=latest_event_ids,
+            state_event_ids=state_event_ids,
+            depth=depth,
+            content=content,
+            require_consent=require_consent,
+            outlier=outlier,
+            origin_server_ts=origin_server_ts,
+        )
+
+    async def check_for_any_membership_in_room(
+        self, *, user_id: str, room_id: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Check if the user has any membership in the room and raise error if not.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id: The user to check.
+            room_id: The room to check.
+
+        Raises:
+            AuthError if the user doesn't have any membership in the room.
+        """
+        result = await self.store.get_local_current_membership_for_user_in_room(
+            user_id=user_id, room_id=room_id
+        )
+
+        if result is None or result == (None, None):
+            raise AuthError(403, f"User {user_id} has no membership in room {room_id}")
+
+    async def _should_perform_remote_join(
+        self,
+        user_id: str,
+        room_id: str,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str],
+        content: JsonDict,
+        is_partial_state_room: bool,
+        is_host_in_room: bool,
+        partial_state_before_join: StateMap[str],
+    ) -> tuple[bool, list[str]]:
+        """
+        Check whether the server should do a remote join (as opposed to a local
+        join) for a user.
+
+        Generally a remote join is used if:
+
+        * The server is not yet in the room.
+        * The server is in the room, the room has restricted join rules, the user
+          is not joined or invited to the room, and the server does not have
+          another user who is capable of issuing invites.
+
+        Args:
+            user_id: The user joining the room.
+            room_id: The room being joined.
+            remote_room_hosts: A list of remote room hosts.
+            content: The content to use as the event body of the join. This may
+                be modified.
+            is_partial_state_room: `True` if the server currently doesn't hold the full
+                state of the room.
+            is_host_in_room: `True` if the host is in the room.
+            partial_state_before_join: The state before the join event (i.e. the
+                resolution of the states after its parent events). May be full or
+                partial state, depending on `is_partial_state_room`.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of:
+                True if a remote join should be performed. False if the join can be
+                done locally.
+
+                A list of remote room hosts to use. This is an empty list if a
+                local join is to be done.
+        """
+        # If the host isn't in the room, pass through the prospective hosts.
+        if not is_host_in_room:
+            return True, remote_room_hosts
+
+        prev_member_event_id = partial_state_before_join.get(
+            (EventTypes.Member, user_id), None
+        )
+        previous_membership = None
+        if prev_member_event_id:
+            prev_member_event = await self.store.get_event(prev_member_event_id)
+            previous_membership = prev_member_event.membership
+
+        # If we are not fully joined yet, and the target is not already in the room,
+        # let's do a remote join so another server with the full state can validate
+        # that the user has not been banned for example.
+        # We could just accept the join and wait for state res to resolve that later on
+        # but we would then leak room history to this person until then, which is pretty
+        # bad.
+        if is_partial_state_room and previous_membership != Membership.JOIN:
+            return True, remote_room_hosts
+
+        # If the host is in the room, but not one of the authorised hosts
+        # for restricted join rules, a remote join must be used.
+        room_version = await self.store.get_room_version(room_id)
+
+        # If restricted join rules are not being used, a local join can always
+        # be used.
+        if not await self.event_auth_handler.has_restricted_join_rules(
+            partial_state_before_join, room_version
+        ):
+            return False, []
+
+        # If the user is invited to the room or already joined, the join
+        # event can always be issued locally.
+        if previous_membership in (Membership.JOIN, Membership.INVITE):
+            return False, []
+
+        # All the partial state cases are covered above. We have been given the full
+        # state of the room.
+        assert not is_partial_state_room
+        state_before_join = partial_state_before_join
+
+        # If the local host has a user who can issue invites, then a local
+        # join can be done.
+        #
+        # If not, generate a new list of remote hosts based on which
+        # can issue invites.
+        event_map = await self.store.get_events(state_before_join.values())
+        current_state = {
+            state_key: event_map[event_id]
+            for state_key, event_id in state_before_join.items()
+        }
+        allowed_servers = get_servers_from_users(
+            get_users_which_can_issue_invite(current_state)
+        )
+
+        # If the local server is not one of allowed servers, then a remote
+        # join must be done. Return the list of prospective servers based on
+        # which can issue invites.
+        if self.hs.hostname not in allowed_servers:
+            return True, list(allowed_servers)
+
+        # Ensure the member should be allowed access via membership in a room.
+        await self.event_auth_handler.check_restricted_join_rules(
+            state_before_join, room_version, user_id, previous_membership
+        )
+
+        # If this is going to be a local join, additional information must
+        # be included in the event content in order to efficiently validate
+        # the event.
+        content[
+            EventContentFields.AUTHORISING_USER
+        ] = await self.event_auth_handler.get_user_which_could_invite(
+            room_id,
+            state_before_join,
+        )
+
+        return False, []
+
+    async def transfer_room_state_on_room_upgrade(
+        self, old_room_id: str, room_id: str
+    ) -> None:
+        """Upon our server becoming aware of an upgraded room, either by upgrading a room
+        ourselves or joining one, we can transfer over information from the previous room.
+
+        Copies user state (tags/push rules) for every local user that was in the old room, as
+        well as migrating the room directory state.
+
+        Args:
+            old_room_id: The ID of the old room
+            room_id: The ID of the new room
+        """
+        logger.info("Transferring room state from %s to %s", old_room_id, room_id)
+
+        # Find all local users that were in the old room and copy over each user's state
+        local_users = await self.store.get_local_users_in_room(old_room_id)
+        await self.copy_user_state_on_room_upgrade(old_room_id, room_id, local_users)
+
+        # Add new room to the room directory if the old room was there
+        # Remove old room from the room directory
+        old_room = await self.store.get_room(old_room_id)
+        # If the old room exists and is public.
+        if old_room is not None and old_room[0]:
+            await self.store.set_room_is_public(old_room_id, False)
+            await self.store.set_room_is_public(room_id, True)
+
+        # Transfer alias mappings in the room directory
+        await self.store.update_aliases_for_room(old_room_id, room_id)
+
+    async def copy_user_state_on_room_upgrade(
+        self, old_room_id: str, new_room_id: str, user_ids: Iterable[str]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Copy user-specific information when they join a new room when that new room is the
+        result of a room upgrade
+
+        Args:
+            old_room_id: The ID of upgraded room
+            new_room_id: The ID of the new room
+            user_ids: User IDs to copy state for
+        """
+
+        logger.debug(
+            "Copying over room tags and push rules from %s to %s for users %s",
+            old_room_id,
+            new_room_id,
+            user_ids,
+        )
+
+        for user_id in user_ids:
+            try:
+                # It is an upgraded room. Copy over old tags
+                await self.copy_room_tags_and_direct_to_room(
+                    old_room_id, new_room_id, user_id
+                )
+                # Copy over push rules
+                if self._is_push_writer:
+                    await self.store.copy_push_rules_from_room_to_room_for_user(
+                        old_room_id, new_room_id, user_id
+                    )
+                else:
+                    await self._copy_push_client(
+                        instance_name=self._push_writer,
+                        user_id=user_id,
+                        old_room_id=old_room_id,
+                        new_room_id=new_room_id,
+                    )
+            except Exception:
+                logger.exception(
+                    "Error copying tags and/or push rules from rooms %s to %s for user %s. "
+                    "Skipping...",
+                    old_room_id,
+                    new_room_id,
+                    user_id,
+                )
+                continue
+
+    async def send_membership_event(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester | None,
+        event: EventBase,
+        context: EventContext,
+        ratelimit: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Change the membership status of a user in a room.
+
+        Args:
+            requester: The local user who requested the membership
+                event. If None, certain checks, like whether this homeserver can
+                act as the sender, will be skipped.
+            event: The membership event.
+            context: The context of the event.
+            ratelimit: Whether to rate limit this request.
+        Raises:
+            SynapseError if there was a problem changing the membership.
+            PartialStateConflictError: if attempting to persist a partial state event in
+                a room that has been un-partial stated.
+        """
+        target_user = UserID.from_string(event.state_key)
+        room_id = event.room_id
+
+        if requester is not None:
+            sender = UserID.from_string(event.sender)
+            assert sender == requester.user, (
+                "Sender (%s) must be same as requester (%s)" % (sender, requester.user)
+            )
+            assert self.hs.is_mine(sender), "Sender must be our own: %s" % (sender,)
+        else:
+            requester = types.create_requester(target_user)
+
+        prev_state_ids = await context.get_prev_state_ids(
+            StateFilter.from_types([(EventTypes.GuestAccess, "")])
+        )
+        if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+            if requester.is_guest:
+                guest_can_join = await self._can_guest_join(prev_state_ids)
+                if not guest_can_join:
+                    # This should be an auth check, but guests are a local concept,
+                    # so don't really fit into the general auth process.
+                    raise AuthError(403, "Guest access not allowed")
+
+        if event.membership not in (Membership.LEAVE, Membership.BAN):
+            is_blocked = await self.store.is_room_blocked(room_id)
+            if is_blocked:
+                raise SynapseError(403, "This room has been blocked on this server")
+
+        event = await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
+            requester,
+            events_and_context=[(event, context)],
+            extra_users=[target_user],
+            ratelimit=ratelimit,
+        )
+
+        if event.membership == Membership.LEAVE:
+            prev_state_ids = await context.get_prev_state_ids(
+                StateFilter.from_types([(EventTypes.Member, event.state_key)])
+            )
+            prev_member_event_id = prev_state_ids.get(
+                (EventTypes.Member, event.state_key), None
+            )
+
+            if prev_member_event_id:
+                prev_member_event = await self.store.get_event(prev_member_event_id)
+                if prev_member_event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                    await self._user_left_room(target_user, room_id)
+
+    async def _can_guest_join(self, partial_current_state_ids: StateMap[str]) -> bool:
+        """
+        Returns whether a guest can join a room based on its current state.
+
+        Args:
+            partial_current_state_ids: The current state of the room. May be full or
+                partial state.
+        """
+        guest_access_id = partial_current_state_ids.get(
+            (EventTypes.GuestAccess, ""), None
+        )
+        if not guest_access_id:
+            return False
+
+        guest_access = await self.store.get_event(guest_access_id)
+
+        return bool(
+            guest_access
+            and guest_access.content
+            and guest_access.content.get(EventContentFields.GUEST_ACCESS)
+            == GuestAccess.CAN_JOIN
+        )
+
+    async def kick_guest_users(self, current_state: Iterable[EventBase]) -> None:
+        """Kick any local guest users from the room.
+
+        This is called when the room state changes from guests allowed to not-allowed.
+
+        Params:
+            current_state: the current state of the room. We will iterate this to look
+               for guest users to kick.
+        """
+        for member_event in current_state:
+            try:
+                if member_event.type != EventTypes.Member:
+                    continue
+
+                if not self.hs.is_mine_id(member_event.state_key):
+                    continue
+
+                if member_event.content["membership"] not in {
+                    Membership.JOIN,
+                    Membership.INVITE,
+                }:
+                    continue
+
+                if (
+                    "kind" not in member_event.content
+                    or member_event.content["kind"] != "guest"
+                ):
+                    continue
+
+                # We make the user choose to leave, rather than have the
+                # event-sender kick them. This is partially because we don't
+                # need to worry about power levels, and partially because guest
+                # users are a concept which doesn't hugely work over federation,
+                # and having homeservers have their own users leave keeps more
+                # of that decision-making and control local to the guest-having
+                # homeserver.
+                target_user = UserID.from_string(member_event.state_key)
+                requester = create_requester(
+                    target_user, is_guest=True, authenticated_entity=self._server_name
+                )
+                handler = self.hs.get_room_member_handler()
+                await handler.update_membership(
+                    requester,
+                    target_user,
+                    member_event.room_id,
+                    "leave",
+                    ratelimit=False,
+                    require_consent=False,
+                )
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.exception("Error kicking guest user: %s", e)
+
+    async def lookup_room_alias(
+        self, room_alias: RoomAlias
+    ) -> tuple[RoomID, list[str]]:
+        """
+        Get the room ID associated with a room alias.
+
+        Args:
+            room_alias: The alias to look up.
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of:
+                The room ID as a RoomID object.
+                Hosts likely to be participating in the room ([str]).
+        Raises:
+            SynapseError if room alias could not be found.
+        """
+        directory_handler = self.directory_handler
+        mapping = await directory_handler.get_association(room_alias)
+
+        if not mapping:
+            raise SynapseError(404, "No such room alias")
+
+        room_id = mapping["room_id"]
+        servers = mapping["servers"]
+
+        # put the server which owns the alias at the front of the server list.
+        if room_alias.domain in servers:
+            servers.remove(room_alias.domain)
+            servers.insert(0, room_alias.domain)
+
+        return RoomID.from_string(room_id), servers
+
+    async def _get_inviter(self, user_id: str, room_id: str) -> UserID | None:
+        invite = await self.store.get_invite_for_local_user_in_room(
+            user_id=user_id, room_id=room_id
+        )
+        if invite:
+            return UserID.from_string(invite.sender)
+        return None
+
+    async def do_3pid_invite(
+        self,
+        room_id: str,
+        inviter: UserID,
+        medium: str,
+        address: str,
+        id_server: str,
+        requester: Requester,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        id_access_token: str,
+        prev_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Invite a 3PID to a room.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id: The room to invite the 3PID to.
+            inviter: The user sending the invite.
+            medium: The 3PID's medium.
+            address: The 3PID's address.
+            id_server: The identity server to use.
+            requester: The user making the request.
+            txn_id: The transaction ID this is part of, or None if this is not
+                part of a transaction.
+            id_access_token: Identity server access token.
+            depth: Override the depth used to order the event in the DAG.
+            prev_event_ids: The event IDs to use as the prev events
+                Should normally be set to None, which will cause the depth to be calculated
+                based on the prev_events.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tuple of event ID and stream ordering position
+
+        Raises:
+            ShadowBanError if the requester has been shadow-banned.
+        """
+        if self.config.server.block_non_admin_invites:
+            is_requester_admin = await self.auth.is_server_admin(requester)
+            if not is_requester_admin:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403, "Invites have been disabled on this server", Codes.FORBIDDEN
+                )
+
+        if requester.shadow_banned:
+            # We randomly sleep a bit just to annoy the requester.
+            await self.clock.sleep(Duration(seconds=random.randint(1, 10)))
+            raise ShadowBanError()
+
+        # We need to rate limit *before* we send out any 3PID invites, so we
+        # can't just rely on the standard ratelimiting of events.
+        await self._third_party_invite_limiter.ratelimit(requester)
+
+        can_invite = await self._third_party_event_rules.check_threepid_can_be_invited(
+            medium, address, room_id
+        )
+        if not can_invite:
+            raise SynapseError(
+                403,
+                "This third-party identifier can not be invited in this room",
+                Codes.FORBIDDEN,
+            )
+
+        if not self._enable_lookup:
+            raise SynapseError(
+                403, "Looking up third-party identifiers is denied from this server"
+            )
+
+        invitee = await self.identity_handler.lookup_3pid(
+            id_server, medium, address, id_access_token
+        )
+
+        if invitee:
+            # Note that update_membership with an action of "invite" can raise
+            # a ShadowBanError, but this was done above already.
+            # We don't check the invite against the spamchecker(s) here (through
+            # user_may_invite) because we'll do it further down the line anyway (in
+            # update_membership_locked).
+            event_id, stream_id = await self.update_membership(
+                requester, UserID.from_string(invitee), room_id, "invite", txn_id=txn_id
+            )
+        else:
+            # Check if the spamchecker(s) allow this invite to go through.
+            spam_check = (
+                await self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.user_may_send_3pid_invite(
+                    inviter_userid=requester.user.to_string(),
+                    medium=medium,
+                    address=address,
+                    room_id=room_id,
+                )
+            )
+            if spam_check != self._spam_checker_module_callbacks.NOT_SPAM:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    403,
+                    "Cannot send threepid invite",
+                    errcode=spam_check[0],
+                    additional_fields=spam_check[1],
+                )
+
+            event, stream_id = await self._make_and_store_3pid_invite(
+                requester,
+                id_server,
+                medium,
+                address,
+                room_id,
+                inviter,
+                txn_id=txn_id,
+                id_access_token=id_access_token,
+                prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+                depth=depth,
+            )
+            event_id = event.event_id
+
+        return event_id, stream_id
+
+    async def _make_and_store_3pid_invite(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        id_server: str,
+        medium: str,
+        address: str,
+        room_id: str,
+        user: UserID,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        id_access_token: str,
+        prev_event_ids: list[str] | None = None,
+        depth: int | None = None,
+    ) -> tuple[EventBase, int]:
+        room_state = await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_state(
+            room_id,
+            StateFilter.from_types(
+                [
+                    (EventTypes.Member, user.to_string()),
+                    (EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, ""),
+                    (EventTypes.Name, ""),
+                    (EventTypes.Create, ""),
+                    (EventTypes.JoinRules, ""),
+                    (EventTypes.RoomAvatar, ""),
+                ]
+            ),
+        )
+
+        inviter_display_name = ""
+        inviter_avatar_url = ""
+        member_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.Member, user.to_string()))
+        if member_event:
+            inviter_display_name = member_event.content.get("displayname", "")
+            inviter_avatar_url = member_event.content.get("avatar_url", "")
+
+        # if user has no display name, default to their MXID
+        if not inviter_display_name:
+            inviter_display_name = user.to_string()
+
+        canonical_room_alias = ""
+        canonical_alias_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.CanonicalAlias, ""))
+        if canonical_alias_event:
+            canonical_room_alias = canonical_alias_event.content.get("alias", "")
+
+        room_name = ""
+        room_name_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.Name, ""))
+        if room_name_event:
+            room_name = room_name_event.content.get("name", "")
+
+        room_type = None
+        room_create_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.Create, ""))
+        if room_create_event:
+            room_type = room_create_event.content.get(EventContentFields.ROOM_TYPE)
+
+        room_join_rules = ""
+        join_rules_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.JoinRules, ""))
+        if join_rules_event:
+            room_join_rules = join_rules_event.content.get("join_rule", "")
+
+        room_avatar_url = ""
+        room_avatar_event = room_state.get((EventTypes.RoomAvatar, ""))
+        if room_avatar_event:
+            room_avatar_url = room_avatar_event.content.get("url", "")
+
+        (
+            token,
+            public_keys,
+            fallback_public_key,
+            display_name,
+        ) = await self.identity_handler.ask_id_server_for_third_party_invite(
+            requester=requester,
+            id_server=id_server,
+            medium=medium,
+            address=address,
+            room_id=room_id,
+            inviter_user_id=user.to_string(),
+            room_alias=canonical_room_alias,
+            room_avatar_url=room_avatar_url,
+            room_join_rules=room_join_rules,
+            room_name=room_name,
+            room_type=room_type,
+            inviter_display_name=inviter_display_name,
+            inviter_avatar_url=inviter_avatar_url,
+            id_access_token=id_access_token,
+        )
+
+        (
+            event,
+            stream_id,
+        ) = await self.event_creation_handler.create_and_send_nonmember_event(
+            requester,
+            {
+                "type": EventTypes.ThirdPartyInvite,
+                "content": {
+                    "display_name": display_name,
+                    "public_keys": public_keys,
+                    # For backwards compatibility:
+                    "key_validity_url": fallback_public_key["key_validity_url"],
+                    "public_key": fallback_public_key["public_key"],
+                },
+                "room_id": room_id,
+                "sender": user.to_string(),
+                "state_key": token,
+            },
+            ratelimit=False,
+            txn_id=txn_id,
+            prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+            depth=depth,
+        )
+        return event, stream_id
+
+    async def _is_host_in_room(self, partial_current_state_ids: StateMap[str]) -> bool:
+        """Returns whether the homeserver is in the room based on its current state.
+
+        Args:
+            partial_current_state_ids: The current state of the room. May be full or
+                partial state.
+        """
+        # Have we just created the room, and is this about to be the very
+        # first member event?
+        create_event_id = partial_current_state_ids.get(("m.room.create", ""))
+        if len(partial_current_state_ids) == 1 and create_event_id:
+            # We can only get here if we're in the process of creating the room
+            return True
+
+        for etype, state_key in partial_current_state_ids:
+            if etype != EventTypes.Member or not self.hs.is_mine_id(state_key):
+                continue
+
+            event_id = partial_current_state_ids[(etype, state_key)]
+            event = await self.store.get_event(event_id, allow_none=True)
+            if not event:
+                continue
+
+            if event.membership == Membership.JOIN:
+                return True
+
+        return False
+
+
+class RoomMemberMasterHandler(RoomMemberHandler):
+    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        super().__init__(hs)
+
+        self.distributor = hs.get_distributor()
+        self.distributor.declare("user_left_room")
+
+    async def _is_remote_room_too_complex(
+        self, room_id: str, remote_room_hosts: list[str]
+    ) -> bool | None:
+        """
+        Check if complexity of a remote room is too great.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id
+            remote_room_hosts
+
+        Returns: bool of whether the complexity is too great, or None
+            if unable to be fetched
+        """
+        max_complexity = self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.complexity
+        complexity = await self.federation_handler.get_room_complexity(
+            remote_room_hosts, room_id
+        )
+
+        if complexity:
+            return complexity["v1"] > max_complexity
+        return None
+
+    async def _is_local_room_too_complex(self, room_id: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if the complexity of a local room is too great.
+
+        Args:
+            room_id: The room ID to check for complexity.
+        """
+        max_complexity = self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.complexity
+        complexity = await self.store.get_room_complexity(room_id)
+
+        return complexity["v1"] > max_complexity
+
+    async def _remote_join(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str],
+        room_id: str,
+        user: UserID,
+        content: dict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._remote_join"""
+        # filter ourselves out of remote_room_hosts: do_invite_join ignores it
+        # and if it is the only entry we'd like to return a 404 rather than a
+        # 500.
+        remote_room_hosts = [
+            host for host in remote_room_hosts if host != self.hs.hostname
+        ]
+
+        if len(remote_room_hosts) == 0:
+            raise NoKnownServersError(
+                "Can't join remote room because no servers "
+                "that are in the room have been provided.",
+            )
+
+        check_complexity = self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.enabled
+        if (
+            check_complexity
+            and self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.admins_can_join
+        ):
+            check_complexity = not await self.store.is_server_admin(user.to_string())
+
+        if check_complexity:
+            # Fetch the room complexity
+            too_complex = await self._is_remote_room_too_complex(
+                room_id, remote_room_hosts
+            )
+            if too_complex is True:
+                raise SynapseError(
+                    code=400,
+                    msg=self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.complexity_error,
+                    errcode=Codes.RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED,
+                )
+
+        # We don't do an auth check if we are doing an invite
+        # join dance for now, since we're kinda implicitly checking
+        # that we are allowed to join when we decide whether or not we
+        # need to do the invite/join dance.
+        event_id, stream_id = await self.federation_handler.do_invite_join(
+            remote_room_hosts, room_id, user.to_string(), content
+        )
+
+        # Check the room we just joined wasn't too large, if we didn't fetch the
+        # complexity of it before.
+        if check_complexity:
+            if too_complex is False:
+                # We checked, and we're under the limit.
+                return event_id, stream_id
+
+            # Check again, but with the local state events
+            too_complex = await self._is_local_room_too_complex(room_id)
+
+            if too_complex is False:
+                # We're under the limit.
+                return event_id, stream_id
+
+            # The room is too large. Leave.
+            requester = types.create_requester(
+                user, authenticated_entity=self._server_name
+            )
+            await self.update_membership(
+                requester=requester, target=user, room_id=room_id, action="leave"
+            )
+            raise SynapseError(
+                code=400,
+                msg=self.hs.config.server.limit_remote_rooms.complexity_error,
+                errcode=Codes.RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED,
+            )
+
+        return event_id, stream_id
+
+    async def remote_reject_invite(
+        self,
+        invite_event_id: str,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        requester: Requester,
+        content: JsonDict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """
+        Rejects an out-of-band invite received from a remote user
+
+        Implements RoomMemberHandler.remote_reject_invite
+        """
+        invite_event = await self.store.get_event(invite_event_id)
+        room_id = invite_event.room_id
+        target_user = invite_event.state_key
+
+        # first of all, try doing a rejection via the inviting server
+        fed_handler = self.federation_handler
+        try:
+            inviter_id = UserID.from_string(invite_event.sender)
+            event, stream_id = await fed_handler.do_remotely_reject_invite(
+                [inviter_id.domain], room_id, target_user, content=content
+            )
+            return event.event_id, stream_id
+        except Exception as e:
+            # if we were unable to reject the invite, we will generate our own
+            # leave event.
+            #
+            # The 'except' clause is very broad, but we need to
+            # capture everything from DNS failures upwards
+            #
+            logger.warning("Failed to reject invite: %s", e)
+
+            return await self._generate_local_out_of_band_leave(
+                invite_event, txn_id, requester, content
+            )
+
+    async def remote_rescind_knock(
+        self,
+        knock_event_id: str,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        requester: Requester,
+        content: JsonDict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """
+        Rescinds a local knock made on a remote room
+
+        Args:
+            knock_event_id: The ID of the knock event to rescind.
+            txn_id: The transaction ID to use.
+            requester: The originator of the request.
+            content: The content of the leave event.
+
+        Implements RoomMemberHandler.remote_rescind_knock
+        """
+        # TODO: We don't yet support rescinding knocks over federation
+        # as we don't know which homeserver to send it to. An obvious
+        # candidate is the remote homeserver we originally knocked through,
+        # however we don't currently store that information.
+
+        # Just rescind the knock locally
+        knock_event = await self.store.get_event(knock_event_id)
+        return await self._generate_local_out_of_band_leave(
+            knock_event, txn_id, requester, content
+        )
+
+    async def _generate_local_out_of_band_leave(
+        self,
+        previous_membership_event: EventBase,
+        txn_id: str | None,
+        requester: Requester,
+        content: JsonDict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Generate a local leave event for a room
+
+        This can be called after we e.g fail to reject an invite via a remote server.
+        It generates an out-of-band membership event locally.
+
+        Args:
+            previous_membership_event: the previous membership event for this user
+            txn_id: optional transaction ID supplied by the client
+            requester: user making the request, according to the access token
+            content: additional content to include in the leave event.
+               Normally an empty dict.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple containing (event_id, stream_id of the leave event)
+        """
+        room_id = previous_membership_event.room_id
+        target_user = previous_membership_event.state_key
+
+        content["membership"] = Membership.LEAVE
+
+        event_dict = {
+            "type": EventTypes.Member,
+            "room_id": room_id,
+            "sender": target_user,
+            "content": content,
+            "state_key": target_user,
+        }
+
+        # the auth events for the new event are the same as that of the previous event, plus
+        # the event itself.
+        #
+        # the prev_events consist solely of the previous membership event.
+        prev_event_ids = [previous_membership_event.event_id]
+        auth_event_ids = (
+            list(previous_membership_event.auth_event_ids()) + prev_event_ids
+        )
+
+        # Try several times, it could fail with PartialStateConflictError
+        # in handle_new_client_event, cf comment in except block.
+        max_retries = 5
+        for i in range(max_retries):
+            try:
+                (
+                    event,
+                    unpersisted_context,
+                ) = await self.event_creation_handler.create_event(
+                    requester,
+                    event_dict,
+                    txn_id=txn_id,
+                    prev_event_ids=prev_event_ids,
+                    auth_event_ids=auth_event_ids,
+                    outlier=True,
+                )
+                context = await unpersisted_context.persist(event)
+                event.internal_metadata.out_of_band_membership = True
+
+                result_event = (
+                    await self.event_creation_handler.handle_new_client_event(
+                        requester,
+                        events_and_context=[(event, context)],
+                        extra_users=[UserID.from_string(target_user)],
+                    )
+                )
+
+                break
+            except PartialStateConflictError as e:
+                # Persisting couldn't happen because the room got un-partial stated
+                # in the meantime and context needs to be recomputed, so let's do so.
+                if i == max_retries - 1:
+                    raise e
+
+        # we know it was persisted, so must have a stream ordering
+        assert result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
+
+        return result_event.event_id, result_event.internal_metadata.stream_ordering
+
+    async def remote_knock(
+        self,
+        requester: Requester,
+        remote_room_hosts: list[str],
+        room_id: str,
+        user: UserID,
+        content: dict,
+    ) -> tuple[str, int]:
+        """Sends a knock to a room. Attempts to do so via one remote out of a given list.
+
+        Args:
+            remote_room_hosts: A list of homeservers to try knocking through.
+            room_id: The ID of the room to knock on.
+            user: The user to knock on behalf of.
+            content: The content of the knock event.
+
+        Returns:
+            A tuple of (event ID, stream ID).
+        """
+        # filter ourselves out of remote_room_hosts
+        remote_room_hosts = [
+            host for host in remote_room_hosts if host != self.hs.hostname
+        ]
+
+        if len(remote_room_hosts) == 0:
+            raise NoKnownServersError()
+
+        return await self.federation_handler.do_knock(
+            remote_room_hosts, room_id, user.to_string(), content=content
+        )
+
+    async def _user_left_room(self, target: UserID, room_id: str) -> None:
+        """Implements RoomMemberHandler._user_left_room"""
+        user_left_room(self.distributor, target, room_id)
+
+
+class RoomForgetterHandler(StateDeltasHandler):
+    """Forgets rooms when they are left, when enabled in the homeserver config.
+
+    For the purposes of this feature, kicks, bans and "leaves" via state resolution
+    weirdness are all considered to be leaves.
+
+    Derived from `StatsHandler` and `UserDirectoryHandler`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
+        super().__init__(hs)
+
+        self._hs = hs
+        self.server_name = hs.hostname
+        self._store = hs.get_datastores().main
+        self._storage_controllers = hs.get_storage_controllers()
+        self._clock = hs.get_clock()
+        self._notifier = hs.get_notifier()
+        self._room_member_handler = hs.get_room_member_handler()
+
+        # The current position in the current_state_delta stream
+        self.pos: int | None = None
+
+        # Guard to ensure we only process deltas one at a time
+        self._is_processing = False
+
+        if hs.config.worker.run_background_tasks:
+            self._notifier.add_replication_callback(self.notify_new_event)
+
+            # We kick this off to pick up outstanding work from before the last restart.
+            self._clock.call_later(
+                Duration(seconds=0),
+                self.notify_new_event,
+            )
+
+    def notify_new_event(self) -> None:
+        """Called when there may be more deltas to process"""
+        if self._is_processing:
+            return
+
+        self._is_processing = True
+
+        async def process() -> None:
+            try:
+                await self._unsafe_process()
+            finally:
+                self._is_processing = False
+
+        self._hs.run_as_background_process("room_forgetter.notify_new_event", process)
+
+    async def _unsafe_process(self) -> None:
+        # If self.pos is None then means we haven't fetched it from DB
+        if self.pos is None:
+            self.pos = await self._store.get_room_forgetter_stream_pos()
+            room_max_stream_ordering = self._store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
+            if self.pos > room_max_stream_ordering:
+                # apparently, we've processed more events than exist in the database!
+                # this can happen if events are removed with history purge or similar.
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Event stream ordering appears to have gone backwards (%i -> %i): "
+                    "rewinding room forgetter processor",
+                    self.pos,
+                    room_max_stream_ordering,
+                )
+                self.pos = room_max_stream_ordering
+
+        if not self._hs.config.room.forget_on_leave:
+            # Update the processing position, so that if the server admin turns
+            # the feature on at a later date, we don't decide to forget every
+            # room that has ever been left in the past.
+            #
+            # We wait for a short time so that we don't "tight" loop just
+            # keeping the table up to date.
+            await self._clock.sleep(Duration(milliseconds=500))
+
+            self.pos = self._store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
+            await self._store.update_room_forgetter_stream_pos(self.pos)
+            return
+
+        # Loop round handling deltas until we're up to date
+
+        while True:
+            # Be sure to read the max stream_ordering *before* checking if there are any outstanding
+            # deltas, since there is otherwise a chance that we could miss updates which arrive
+            # after we check the deltas.
+            room_max_stream_ordering = self._store.get_room_max_stream_ordering()
+            if self.pos == room_max_stream_ordering:
+                break
+
+            logger.debug(
+                "Processing room forgetting %s->%s", self.pos, room_max_stream_ordering
+            )
+            (
+                max_pos,
+                deltas,
+            ) = await self._storage_controllers.state.get_current_state_deltas(
+                self.pos, room_max_stream_ordering
+            )
+
+            logger.debug("Handling %d state deltas", len(deltas))
+            await self._handle_deltas(deltas)
+
+            self.pos = max_pos
+
+            # Expose current event processing position to prometheus
+            event_processing_positions.labels(
+                name="room_forgetter", **{SERVER_NAME_LABEL: self.server_name}
+            ).set(max_pos)
+
+            await self._store.update_room_forgetter_stream_pos(max_pos)
+
+    async def _handle_deltas(self, deltas: list[StateDelta]) -> None:
+        """Called with the state deltas to process"""
+        for delta in deltas:
+            if delta.event_type != EventTypes.Member:
+                continue
+
+            if not self._hs.is_mine_id(delta.state_key):
+                continue
+
+            change = await self._get_key_change(
+                delta.prev_event_id,
+                delta.event_id,
+                key_name="membership",
+                public_value=Membership.JOIN,
+            )
+            is_leave = change is MatchChange.now_false
+
+            if is_leave:
+                try:
+                    await self._room_member_handler.forget(
+                        UserID.from_string(delta.state_key), delta.room_id
+                    )
+                except SynapseError as e:
+                    if e.code == 400:
+                        # The user is back in the room.
+                        pass
+                    else:
+                        raise
+
+
+def get_users_which_can_issue_invite(auth_events: StateMap[EventBase]) -> list[str]:
+    """
+    Return the list of users which can issue invites.
+
+    This is done by exploring the joined users and comparing their power levels
+    to the necessyar power level to issue an invite.
+
+    Args:
+        auth_events: state in force at this point in the room
+
+    Returns:
+        The users which can issue invites.
+    """
+    invite_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "invite", 0)
+    users_default_level = get_named_level(auth_events, "users_default", 0)
+    power_level_event = get_power_level_event(auth_events)
+
+    # Custom power-levels for users.
+    if power_level_event:
+        users = power_level_event.content.get("users", {})
+    else:
+        users = {}
+
+    result = []
+
+    # Check which members are able to invite by ensuring they're joined and have
+    # the necessary power level.
+    create_event = auth_events[(EventTypes.Create, "")]
+    for (event_type, state_key), event in auth_events.items():
+        if event_type != EventTypes.Member:
+            continue
+
+        if event.membership != Membership.JOIN:
+            continue
+
+        if create_event.room_version.msc4289_creator_power_enabled and is_creator(
+            create_event, state_key
+        ):
+            result.append(state_key)
+        # Check if the user has a custom power level.
+        elif users.get(state_key, users_default_level) >= invite_level:
+            result.append(state_key)
+
+    return result
+
+
+def get_servers_from_users(users: list[str]) -> set[str]:
+    """
+    Resolve a list of users into their servers.
+
+    Args:
+        users: A list of users.
+
+    Returns:
+        A set of servers.
+    """
+    servers = set()
+    for user in users:
+        try:
+            servers.add(get_domain_from_id(user))
+        except SynapseError:
+            pass
+    return servers