blockmine 1.24.0 → 1.25.0

package/.claude/skills/cloud-engineering/resources/migration-strategies.md

@@ -1,820 +0,0 @@
-# Cloud Migration Strategies
-
-Comprehensive guide to cloud migration approaches, patterns, and best practices for moving workloads to AWS, Azure, and GCP.
-
-## The 6 R's of Migration
-
-```
-┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
-│                  Migration Strategies                        │
-├──────────────┬──────────────┬──────────────┬────────────────┤
-│   Rehost     │  Replatform  │   Refactor   │   Repurchase   │
-│ "Lift & Shift"│ "Lift, Tinker│  "Re-architect│ "Drop & Shop"  │
-│              │   & Shift"   │              │                │
-│  Fastest     │   Balanced   │  Most Value  │   Strategic    │
-│  Least Cost  │   Moderate   │  Highest Cost│   Vendor Lock  │
-├──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼────────────────┤
-│   Retire     │   Retain     │              │                │
-│ "Decommission"│ "Keep as-is" │              │                │
-│              │              │              │                │
-│ Cost Savings │  No Change   │              │                │
-└──────────────┴──────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────┘
-```
-
-### 1. Rehost (Lift and Shift)
-
-**When to Use:**
-- Quick migration needed
-- Minimal application changes
-- Legacy applications
-- Limited cloud expertise
-- Tight timeline
-
-**AWS Migration:**
-```hcl
-# AWS Application Migration Service (MGN)
-resource "aws_mgn_replication_configuration_template" "default" {
-  associate_default_security_group = false
-  bandwidth_throttling             = 0
-  create_public_ip                 = false
-  data_plane_routing               = "PRIVATE_IP"
-  default_large_staging_disk_type  = "GP3"
-  ebs_encryption                   = "DEFAULT"
-  replication_server_instance_type = "t3.small"
-  replication_servers_security_groups_ids = [aws_security_group.replication.id]
-  staging_area_subnet_id           = aws_subnet.private[0].id
-  staging_area_tags = {
-    Environment = "migration"
-  }
-  use_dedicated_replication_server = false
-}
-
-# Launch template for migrated instances
-resource "aws_launch_template" "migrated_app" {
-  name = "migrated-app-template"
-
-  block_device_mappings {
-    device_name = "/dev/sda1"
-
-    ebs {
-      volume_size           = 100
-      volume_type           = "gp3"
-      encrypted             = true
-      kms_key_id            = aws_kms_key.main.arn
-      delete_on_termination = true
-    }
-  }
-
-  iam_instance_profile {
-    arn = aws_iam_instance_profile.app.arn
-  }
-
-  network_interfaces {
-    associate_public_ip_address = false
-    security_groups             = [aws_security_group.app.id]
-    subnet_id                   = aws_subnet.private_app[0].id
-  }
-
-  tag_specifications {
-    resource_type = "instance"
-    tags = {
-      Name        = "migrated-app"
-      Environment = "production"
-      Migration   = "rehost"
-    }
-  }
-
-  user_data = base64encode(<<-EOF
-    #!/bin/bash
-    # Post-migration configuration
-    systemctl enable cloudwatch-agent
-    systemctl start cloudwatch-agent
-  EOF
-  )
-}
-```
-
-**Azure Migrate:**
-```hcl
-resource "azurerm_site_recovery_replication_policy" "main" {
-  name                                                 = "migration-policy"
-  resource_group_name                                  = azurerm_resource_group.recovery.name
-  recovery_vault_name                                  = azurerm_recovery_services_vault.main.name
-  recovery_point_retention_in_minutes                  = 24 * 60
-  application_consistent_snapshot_frequency_in_minutes = 4 * 60
-}
-
-resource "azurerm_site_recovery_protection_container_mapping" "main" {
-  name                                      = "migration-mapping"
-  resource_group_name                       = azurerm_resource_group.recovery.name
-  recovery_vault_name                       = azurerm_recovery_services_vault.main.name
-  recovery_fabric_name                      = azurerm_site_recovery_fabric.primary.name
-  recovery_source_protection_container_name = azurerm_site_recovery_protection_container.primary.name
-  recovery_target_protection_container_id   = azurerm_site_recovery_protection_container.secondary.id
-  recovery_replication_policy_id            = azurerm_site_recovery_replication_policy.main.id
-}
-```
-
-### 2. Replatform (Lift, Tinker, and Shift)
-
-**When to Use:**
-- Want cloud benefits without full refactoring
-- Database migrations to managed services
-- Minor optimizations acceptable
-- Balance between speed and benefit
-
-**Database Migration Example:**
-```hcl
-# AWS Database Migration Service
-resource "aws_dms_replication_instance" "main" {
-  replication_instance_id   = "db-migration-instance"
-  replication_instance_class = "dms.c5.xlarge"
-  allocated_storage         = 100
-  vpc_security_group_ids    = [aws_security_group.dms.id]
-  replication_subnet_group_id = aws_dms_replication_subnet_group.main.id
-  publicly_accessible       = false
-  multi_az                  = true
-
-  tags = {
-    Name = "database-migration"
-  }
-}
-
-# Source endpoint (on-premises PostgreSQL)
-resource "aws_dms_endpoint" "source" {
-  endpoint_id   = "source-postgres"
-  endpoint_type = "source"
-  engine_name   = "postgres"
-  server_name   = var.onprem_db_host
-  port          = 5432
-  database_name = "production"
-  username      = var.db_username
-  password      = var.db_password
-  ssl_mode      = "require"
-
-  tags = {
-    Name = "source-database"
-  }
-}
-
-# Target endpoint (RDS)
-resource "aws_dms_endpoint" "target" {
-  endpoint_id   = "target-rds"
-  endpoint_type = "target"
-  engine_name   = "postgres"
-  server_name   = aws_db_instance.main.address
-  port          = 5432
-  database_name = "production"
-  username      = var.rds_username
-  password      = var.rds_password
-  ssl_mode      = "require"
-
-  tags = {
-    Name = "target-database"
-  }
-}
-
-# Migration task
-resource "aws_dms_replication_task" "main" {
-  migration_type            = "full-load-and-cdc"
-  replication_instance_arn  = aws_dms_replication_instance.main.replication_instance_arn
-  replication_task_id       = "postgres-migration"
-  source_endpoint_arn       = aws_dms_endpoint.source.endpoint_arn
-  target_endpoint_arn       = aws_dms_endpoint.target.endpoint_arn
-  table_mappings            = jsonencode({
-    rules = [
-      {
-        rule-type = "selection"
-        rule-id   = "1"
-        rule-name = "1"
-        object-locator = {
-          schema-name = "public"
-          table-name  = "%"
-        }
-        rule-action = "include"
-      }
-    ]
-  })
-
-  tags = {
-    Name = "postgres-migration-task"
-  }
-}
-
-# Target RDS instance
-resource "aws_db_instance" "main" {
-  identifier     = "migrated-database"
-  engine         = "postgres"
-  engine_version = "14.7"
-  instance_class = "db.r6g.xlarge"
-
-  allocated_storage     = 100
-  storage_type          = "gp3"
-  storage_encrypted     = true
-  kms_key_id            = aws_kms_key.rds.arn
-
-  db_name  = "production"
-  username = var.rds_username
-  password = var.rds_password
-
-  multi_az               = true
-  db_subnet_group_name   = aws_db_subnet_group.main.name
-  vpc_security_group_ids = [aws_security_group.rds.id]
-
-  backup_retention_period = 7
-  backup_window           = "03:00-04:00"
-  maintenance_window      = "sun:04:00-sun:05:00"
-
-  enabled_cloudwatch_logs_exports = ["postgresql", "upgrade"]
-
-  tags = {
-    Name        = "migrated-database"
-    Migration   = "replatform"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-### 3. Refactor (Re-architect)
-
-**When to Use:**
-- Modernize applications
-- Need cloud-native features
-- Improve scalability and resilience
-- Long-term investment
-
-**Monolith to Microservices:**
-```hcl
-# ECS Cluster for microservices
-resource "aws_ecs_cluster" "main" {
-  name = "microservices-cluster"
-
-  setting {
-    name  = "containerInsights"
-    value = "enabled"
-  }
-
-  configuration {
-    execute_command_configuration {
-      logging = "OVERRIDE"
-
-      log_configuration {
-        cloud_watch_log_group_name = aws_cloudwatch_log_group.ecs.name
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-# Service Discovery
-resource "aws_service_discovery_private_dns_namespace" "main" {
-  name = "services.local"
-  vpc  = aws_vpc.main.id
-}
-
-# Microservice: User Service
-module "user_service" {
-  source = "./modules/microservice"
-
-  name          = "user-service"
-  cluster_id    = aws_ecs_cluster.main.id
-  image         = "user-service:latest"
-  cpu           = 512
-  memory        = 1024
-  desired_count = 3
-
-  environment = [
-    {
-      name  = "DB_HOST"
-      value = aws_db_instance.users.endpoint
-    }
-  ]
-
-  secrets = [
-    {
-      name      = "DB_PASSWORD"
-      valueFrom = aws_secretsmanager_secret.user_db_password.arn
-    }
-  ]
-
-  service_discovery_namespace_id = aws_service_discovery_private_dns_namespace.main.id
-  vpc_id                         = aws_vpc.main.id
-  subnet_ids                     = aws_subnet.private_app[*].id
-  security_group_ids             = [aws_security_group.user_service.id]
-}
-
-# API Gateway for microservices
-resource "aws_api_gateway_rest_api" "main" {
-  name        = "microservices-api"
-  description = "API Gateway for microservices"
-
-  endpoint_configuration {
-    types = ["REGIONAL"]
-  }
-}
-
-# VPC Link for private integration
-resource "aws_api_gateway_vpc_link" "main" {
-  name        = "microservices-vpc-link"
-  target_arns = [aws_lb.internal.arn]
-}
-```
-
-**Serverless Refactor:**
-```yaml
-# AWS SAM template for serverless migration
-AWSTemplateFormatVersion: '2010-09-09'
-Transform: AWS::Serverless-2016-10-31
-
-Globals:
-  Function:
-    Runtime: python3.11
-    Timeout: 30
-    MemorySize: 256
-    Environment:
-      Variables:
-        TABLE_NAME: !Ref DynamoDBTable
-        QUEUE_URL: !Ref ProcessingQueue
-
-Resources:
-  # API Gateway
-  ApiGateway:
-    Type: AWS::Serverless::Api
-    Properties:
-      StageName: prod
-      Auth:
-        DefaultAuthorizer: CognitoAuthorizer
-        Authorizers:
-          CognitoAuthorizer:
-            UserPoolArn: !GetAtt UserPool.Arn
-
-  # Lambda: API Handler
-  ApiFunction:
-    Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
-    Properties:
-      CodeUri: functions/api/
-      Handler: app.handler
-      Events:
-        GetResource:
-          Type: Api
-          Properties:
-            RestApiId: !Ref ApiGateway
-            Path: /resources/{id}
-            Method: GET
-      Policies:
-        - DynamoDBReadPolicy:
-            TableName: !Ref DynamoDBTable
-
-  # Lambda: Async Processing
-  ProcessorFunction:
-    Type: AWS::Serverless::Function
-    Properties:
-      CodeUri: functions/processor/
-      Handler: app.handler
-      Events:
-        SQSEvent:
-          Type: SQS
-          Properties:
-            Queue: !GetAtt ProcessingQueue.Arn
-            BatchSize: 10
-      Policies:
-        - DynamoDBCrudPolicy:
-            TableName: !Ref DynamoDBTable
-        - S3CrudPolicy:
-            BucketName: !Ref DataBucket
-
-  # DynamoDB Table
-  DynamoDBTable:
-    Type: AWS::DynamoDB::Table
-    Properties:
-      BillingMode: PAY_PER_REQUEST
-      AttributeDefinitions:
-        - AttributeName: id
-          AttributeType: S
-      KeySchema:
-        - AttributeName: id
-          KeyType: HASH
-      StreamSpecification:
-        StreamViewType: NEW_AND_OLD_IMAGES
-
-  # SQS Queue
-  ProcessingQueue:
-    Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
-    Properties:
-      VisibilityTimeout: 180
-      MessageRetentionPeriod: 1209600
-      RedrivePolicy:
-        deadLetterTargetArn: !GetAtt DeadLetterQueue.Arn
-        maxReceiveCount: 3
-
-  DeadLetterQueue:
-    Type: AWS::SQS::Queue
-    Properties:
-      MessageRetentionPeriod: 1209600
-```
-
-### 4. Repurchase (Drop and Shop)
-
-**When to Use:**
-- Moving to SaaS solutions
-- Legacy system replacement
-- Cost-effective alternative exists
-- Avoid maintaining custom software
-
-**Migration to SaaS:**
-```
-On-Premises CRM → Salesforce
-Self-hosted Email → Office 365 / Google Workspace
-Custom HR System → Workday
-On-prem Analytics → Snowflake / Databricks
-```
-
-### 5. Retire
-
-**Decommission unused applications:**
-```bash
-#!/bin/bash
-# Application retirement checklist
-
-# 1. Identify unused applications
-echo "Analyzing application usage..."
-aws cloudwatch get-metric-statistics \
-  --namespace AWS/ApplicationELB \
-  --metric-name RequestCount \
-  --dimensions Name=LoadBalancer,Value=app-alb \
-  --start-time $(date -u -d '30 days ago' +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S) \
-  --end-time $(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S) \
-  --period 86400 \
-  --statistics Sum
-
-# 2. Archive data if needed
-echo "Archiving application data..."
-aws s3 sync s3://app-bucket/ s3://archive-bucket/app-$(date +%Y%m%d)/ \
-  --storage-class GLACIER_DEEP_ARCHIVE
-
-# 3. Document retirement
-echo "Creating retirement documentation..."
-cat > retirement-report.md <<EOF
-# Application Retirement: Legacy App
-
-**Date:** $(date)
-**Reason:** No usage in 90 days
-**Data Archived:** s3://archive-bucket/app-$(date +%Y%m%d)/
-**Annual Savings:** \$50,000
-
-## Decommissioned Resources:
-- EC2 instances: 5
-- RDS database: 1
-- S3 buckets: 3
-- Load balancer: 1
-EOF
-
-# 4. Shutdown resources
-echo "Shutting down resources..."
-# (Would use Terraform destroy in practice)
-```
-
-### 6. Retain
-
-**Reasons to retain on-premises:**
-- Regulatory requirements
-- Data sovereignty
-- Performance-sensitive applications
-- Migration not yet justified
-
-## Migration Assessment
-
-### Discovery and Assessment
-
-**AWS Migration Hub:**
-```hcl
-# Migration Hub configuration
-resource "aws_migrationhub_home_region_control" "main" {
-  home_region = "us-east-1"
-}
-
-# Discovery connector
-data "aws_ssm_parameter" "discovery_agent" {
-  name = "/aws/service/migration-hub/discovery-agent/latest/linux/amd64"
-}
-
-# Application groups
-resource "aws_applicationinsights_application" "main" {
-  resource_group_name = aws_resourcegroups_group.migration.name
-  auto_config_enabled = true
-}
-
-resource "aws_resourcegroups_group" "migration" {
-  name = "migration-wave-1"
-
-  resource_query {
-    query = jsonencode({
-      ResourceTypeFilters = ["AWS::EC2::Instance", "AWS::RDS::DBInstance"]
-      TagFilters = [
-        {
-          Key    = "MigrationWave"
-          Values = ["1"]
-        }
-      ]
-    })
-  }
-}
-```
-
-**Assessment Script:**
-```python
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""
-Cloud migration assessment tool
-Analyzes on-premises infrastructure for cloud readiness
-"""
-
-import json
-from typing import Dict, List
-
-class MigrationAssessment:
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.inventory = []
-        self.recommendations = []
-
-    def assess_application(self, app_config: Dict) -> Dict:
-        """Assess application for migration strategy"""
-
-        assessment = {
-            'name': app_config['name'],
-            'current_state': app_config['infrastructure'],
-            'recommended_strategy': None,
-            'target_services': [],
-            'estimated_cost': 0,
-            'complexity': 'medium',
-            'migration_time': '3-6 months'
-        }
-
-        # Assess based on criteria
-        if app_config.get('custom_code', False):
-            if app_config.get('cloud_native_compatible', False):
-                assessment['recommended_strategy'] = 'refactor'
-                assessment['target_services'] = [
-                    'ECS Fargate',
-                    'RDS',
-                    'ElastiCache'
-                ]
-                assessment['complexity'] = 'high'
-            else:
-                assessment['recommended_strategy'] = 'rehost'
-                assessment['target_services'] = ['EC2', 'EBS']
-                assessment['complexity'] = 'low'
-        else:
-            assessment['recommended_strategy'] = 'repurchase'
-            assessment['target_services'] = ['SaaS alternative']
-
-        # Calculate costs
-        assessment['estimated_cost'] = self._estimate_cost(
-            assessment['target_services'],
-            app_config.get('usage_pattern', {})
-        )
-
-        return assessment
-
-    def _estimate_cost(self, services: List[str], usage: Dict) -> float:
-        """Estimate monthly cloud cost"""
-        cost_map = {
-            'EC2': 100,
-            'ECS Fargate': 150,
-            'RDS': 200,
-            'ElastiCache': 50,
-            'Lambda': 20
-        }
-
-        total = sum(cost_map.get(svc, 0) for svc in services)
-        return total * usage.get('multiplier', 1.0)
-
-    def generate_migration_plan(self) -> Dict:
-        """Generate phased migration plan"""
-        return {
-            'phases': [
-                {
-                    'name': 'Wave 1: Low-risk Applications',
-                    'strategy': 'rehost',
-                    'duration': '1-2 months',
-                    'applications': ['static-website', 'internal-tools']
-                },
-                {
-                    'name': 'Wave 2: Databases',
-                    'strategy': 'replatform',
-                    'duration': '2-3 months',
-                    'applications': ['customer-db', 'analytics-db']
-                },
-                {
-                    'name': 'Wave 3: Core Applications',
-                    'strategy': 'refactor',
-                    'duration': '6-9 months',
-                    'applications': ['api-service', 'web-app']
-                }
-            ],
-            'total_duration': '9-14 months',
-            'estimated_cost': 500000
-        }
-
-# Example usage
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    assessment = MigrationAssessment()
-
-    app = {
-        'name': 'Customer Portal',
-        'infrastructure': {
-            'servers': 5,
-            'databases': 2,
-            'storage_tb': 10
-        },
-        'custom_code': True,
-        'cloud_native_compatible': True,
-        'usage_pattern': {'multiplier': 1.5}
-    }
-
-    result = assessment.assess_application(app)
-    print(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
-
-    plan = assessment.generate_migration_plan()
-    print(json.dumps(plan, indent=2))
-```
-
-## Cutover Planning
-
-### Zero-Downtime Migration
-
-**Blue-Green Deployment:**
-```hcl
-# Route 53 weighted routing for cutover
-resource "aws_route53_record" "app" {
-  zone_id = aws_route53_zone.main.zone_id
-  name    = "app.example.com"
-  type    = "A"
-
-  weighted_routing_policy {
-    weight = var.blue_weight  # Start: 100, End: 0
-  }
-
-  set_identifier = "blue-environment"
-
-  alias {
-    name                   = aws_lb.blue.dns_name
-    zone_id                = aws_lb.blue.zone_id
-    evaluate_target_health = true
-  }
-}
-
-resource "aws_route53_record" "app_green" {
-  zone_id = aws_route53_zone.main.zone_id
-  name    = "app.example.com"
-  type    = "A"
-
-  weighted_routing_policy {
-    weight = var.green_weight  # Start: 0, End: 100
-  }
-
-  set_identifier = "green-environment"
-
-  alias {
-    name                   = aws_lb.green.dns_name
-    zone_id                = aws_lb.green.zone_id
-    evaluate_target_health = true
-  }
-}
-```
-
-**Database Cutover Script:**
-```bash
-#!/bin/bash
-set -euo pipefail
-
-echo "=== Database Migration Cutover ==="
-
-# 1. Final sync
-echo "Performing final replication sync..."
-aws dms start-replication-task \
-  --replication-task-arn "$TASK_ARN" \
-  --start-replication-task-type reload-target
-
-# 2. Monitor lag
-echo "Monitoring replication lag..."
-while true; do
-  LAG=$(aws dms describe-replication-tasks \
-    --filters Name=replication-task-arn,Values="$TASK_ARN" \
-    --query 'ReplicationTasks[0].ReplicationTaskStats.ElapsedTimeMillis' \
-    --output text)
-
-  if [ "$LAG" -lt 1000 ]; then
-    echo "Lag under 1 second, ready for cutover"
-    break
-  fi
-  sleep 5
-done
-
-# 3. Maintenance mode
-echo "Enabling maintenance mode..."
-aws ssm send-command \
-  --document-name "AWS-RunShellScript" \
-  --targets "Key=tag:App,Values=legacy" \
-  --parameters 'commands=["systemctl stop application"]'
-
-# 4. Final sync
-sleep 10
-echo "Final replication sync..."
-# Wait for replication to catch up
-
-# 5. Cutover DNS
-echo "Updating DNS to point to new environment..."
-aws route53 change-resource-record-sets \
-  --hosted-zone-id "$ZONE_ID" \
-  --change-batch file://dns-cutover.json
-
-# 6. Verify
-echo "Verifying new environment..."
-for i in {1..10}; do
-  if curl -f https://app.example.com/health; then
-    echo "Health check passed"
-    break
-  fi
-  sleep 5
-done
-
-echo "=== Cutover Complete ==="
-```
-
-## Post-Migration Optimization
-
-```hcl
-# Cost optimization - Reserved Instances
-resource "aws_ec2_capacity_reservation" "main" {
-  instance_type     = "m5.xlarge"
-  instance_platform = "Linux/UNIX"
-  availability_zone = "us-east-1a"
-  instance_count    = 10
-
-  tags = {
-    Name = "app-capacity-reservation"
-  }
-}
-
-# Right-sizing based on CloudWatch metrics
-resource "aws_autoscaling_policy" "scale_down" {
-  name                   = "scale-down"
-  scaling_adjustment     = -1
-  adjustment_type        = "ChangeInCapacity"
-  cooldown               = 300
-  autoscaling_group_name = aws_autoscaling_group.main.name
-}
-
-resource "aws_cloudwatch_metric_alarm" "cpu_low" {
-  alarm_name          = "cpu-utilization-low"
-  comparison_operator = "LessThanThreshold"
-  evaluation_periods  = "2"
-  metric_name         = "CPUUtilization"
-  namespace           = "AWS/EC2"
-  period              = "300"
-  statistic           = "Average"
-  threshold           = "20"
-
-  dimensions = {
-    AutoScalingGroupName = aws_autoscaling_group.main.name
-  }
-
-  alarm_actions = [aws_autoscaling_policy.scale_down.arn]
-}
-```
-
-## Best Practices
-
-1. **Assessment:**
-   - Comprehensive discovery
-   - Identify dependencies
-   - Assess technical debt
-   - Calculate TCO
-
-2. **Planning:**
-   - Phased approach (waves)
-   - Pilot migrations first
-   - Define success criteria
-   - Plan rollback strategy
-
-3. **Execution:**
-   - Automate where possible
-   - Test thoroughly
-   - Monitor continuously
-   - Document everything
-
-4. **Optimization:**
-   - Right-size resources
-   - Leverage reserved capacity
-   - Implement auto-scaling
-   - Regular cost reviews
-
-## Anti-Patterns
-
-- Big-bang migrations
-- No pilot testing
-- Ignoring dependencies
-- No rollback plan
-- Insufficient testing
-- Poor communication
-- No post-migration optimization
-- Recreating on-premises architecture in cloud