@xelauvas/xela-cli 0.1.0

package/src/hooks/useVirtualScroll.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,721 @@
+import type { RefObject } from 'react'
+import {
+  useCallback,
+  useDeferredValue,
+  useLayoutEffect,
+  useMemo,
+  useRef,
+  useSyncExternalStore,
+} from 'react'
+import type { ScrollBoxHandle } from '../ink/components/ScrollBox.js'
+import type { DOMElement } from '../ink/dom.js'
+
+/**
+ * Estimated height (rows) for items not yet measured. Intentionally LOW:
+ * overestimating causes blank space (we stop mounting too early and the
+ * viewport bottom shows empty spacer), while underestimating just mounts
+ * a few extra items into overscan. The asymmetry means we'd rather err low.
+ */
+const DEFAULT_ESTIMATE = 3
+/**
+ * Extra rows rendered above and below the viewport. Generous because real
+ * heights can be 10x the estimate for long tool results.
+ */
+const OVERSCAN_ROWS = 80
+/** Items rendered before the ScrollBox has laid out (viewportHeight=0). */
+const COLD_START_COUNT = 30
+/**
+ * scrollTop quantization for the useSyncExternalStore snapshot. Without
+ * this, every wheel tick (3-5 per notch) triggers a full React commit +
+ * Yoga calculateLayout() + Ink diff cycle — the CPU spike. Visual scroll
+ * stays smooth regardless: ScrollBox.forceRender fires on every scrollBy
+ * and Ink reads the REAL scrollTop from the DOM node, independent of what
+ * React thinks. React only needs to re-render when the mounted range must
+ * shift; half of OVERSCAN_ROWS is the tightest safe bin (guarantees ≥40
+ * rows of overscan remain before the new range is needed).
+ */
+const SCROLL_QUANTUM = OVERSCAN_ROWS >> 1
+/**
+ * Worst-case height assumed for unmeasured items when computing coverage.
+ * A MessageRow can be as small as 1 row (single-line tool call). Using 1
+ * here guarantees the mounted span physically reaches the viewport bottom
+ * regardless of how small items actually are — at the cost of over-mounting
+ * when items are larger (which is fine, overscan absorbs it).
+ */
+const PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT = 1
+/** Cap on mounted items to bound fiber allocation even in degenerate cases. */
+const MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS = 300
+/**
+ * Max NEW items to mount in a single commit. Scrolling into a fresh range
+ * with PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT=1 would mount 194 items at once (OVERSCAN_ROWS*2+
+ * viewportH = 194); each fresh MessageRow render costs ~1.5ms (marked lexer
+ * + formatToken + ~11 createInstance) = ~290ms sync block. Sliding the range
+ * toward the target over multiple commits keeps per-commit mount cost
+ * bounded. The render-time clamp (scrollClampMin/Max) holds the viewport at
+ * the edge of mounted content so there's no blank during catch-up.
+ */
+const SLIDE_STEP = 25
+
+const NOOP_UNSUB = () => {}
+
+export type VirtualScrollResult = {
+  /** [startIndex, endIndex) half-open slice of items to render. */
+  range: readonly [number, number]
+  /** Height (rows) of spacer before the first rendered item. */
+  topSpacer: number
+  /** Height (rows) of spacer after the last rendered item. */
+  bottomSpacer: number
+  /**
+   * Callback ref factory. Attach `measureRef(itemKey)` to each rendered
+   * item's root Box; after Yoga layout, the computed height is cached.
+   */
+  measureRef: (key: string) => (el: DOMElement | null) => void
+  /**
+   * Attach to the topSpacer Box. Its Yoga computedTop IS listOrigin
+   * (first child of the virtualized region, so its top = cumulative
+   * height of everything rendered before the list in the ScrollBox).
+   * Drift-free: no subtraction of offsets, no dependence on item
+   * heights that change between renders (tmux resize).
+   */
+  spacerRef: RefObject<DOMElement | null>
+  /**
+   * Cumulative y-offset of each item in list-wrapper coords (NOT scrollbox
+   * coords — logo/siblings before this list shift the origin).
+   * offsets[i] = rows above item i; offsets[n] = totalHeight.
+   * Recomputed every render — don't memo on identity.
+   */
+  offsets: ArrayLike<number>
+  /**
+   * Read Yoga computedTop for item at index. Returns -1 if the item isn't
+   * mounted or hasn't been laid out. Item Boxes are direct Yoga children
+   * of the ScrollBox content wrapper (fragments collapse in the Ink DOM),
+   * so this is content-wrapper-relative — same coordinate space as
+   * scrollTop. Yoga layout is scroll-independent (translation happens
+   * later in renderNodeToOutput), so positions stay valid across scrolls
+   * without waiting for Ink to re-render. StickyTracker walks the mount
+   * range with this to find the viewport boundary at per-scroll-tick
+   * granularity (finer than the 40-row quantum this hook re-renders at).
+   */
+  getItemTop: (index: number) => number
+  /**
+   * Get the mounted DOMElement for item at index, or null. For
+   * ScrollBox.scrollToElement — anchoring by element ref defers the
+   * Yoga-position read to render time (deterministic; no throttle race).
+   */
+  getItemElement: (index: number) => DOMElement | null
+  /** Measured Yoga height. undefined = not yet measured; 0 = rendered nothing. */
+  getItemHeight: (index: number) => number | undefined
+  /**
+   * Scroll so item `i` is in the mounted range. Sets scrollTop =
+   * offsets[i] + listOrigin. The range logic finds start from
+   * scrollTop vs offsets[] — BOTH use the same offsets value, so they
+   * agree by construction regardless of whether offsets[i] is the
+   * "true" position. Item i mounts; its screen position may be off by
+   * a few-dozen rows (overscan-worth of estimate drift), but it's in
+   * the DOM. Follow with getItemTop(i) for the precise position.
+   */
+  scrollToIndex: (i: number) => void
+}
+
+/**
+ * React-level virtualization for items inside a ScrollBox.
+ *
+ * The ScrollBox already does Ink-output-level viewport culling
+ * (render-node-to-output.ts:617 skips children outside the visible window),
+ * but all React fibers + Yoga nodes are still allocated. At ~250 KB RSS per
+ * MessageRow, a 1000-message session costs ~250 MB of grow-only memory
+ * (Ink screen buffer, WASM linear memory, JSC page retention all grow-only).
+ *
+ * This hook mounts only items in viewport + overscan. Spacer boxes hold the
+ * scroll height constant for the rest at O(1) fiber cost each.
+ *
+ * Height estimation: fixed DEFAULT_ESTIMATE for unmeasured items, replaced
+ * by real Yoga heights after first layout. No scroll anchoring — overscan
+ * absorbs estimate errors. If drift is noticeable in practice, anchoring
+ * (scrollBy(delta) when topSpacer changes) is a straightforward followup.
+ *
+ * stickyScroll caveat: render-node-to-output.ts:450 sets scrollTop=maxScroll
+ * during Ink's render phase, which does NOT fire ScrollBox.subscribe. The
+ * at-bottom check below handles this — when pinned to the bottom, we render
+ * the last N items regardless of what scrollTop claims.
+ */
+export function useVirtualScroll(
+  scrollRef: RefObject<ScrollBoxHandle | null>,
+  itemKeys: readonly string[],
+  /**
+   * Terminal column count. On change, cached heights are stale (text
+   * rewraps) — SCALED by oldCols/newCols rather than cleared. Clearing
+   * made the pessimistic coverage back-walk mount ~190 items (every
+   * uncached item → PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT=1 → walk 190 to reach
+   * viewport+2×overscan). Each fresh mount runs marked.lexer + syntax
+   * highlighting ≈ 3ms; ~600ms React reconcile on first resize with a
+   * long conversation. Scaling keeps heightCache populated → back-walk
+   * uses real-ish heights → mount range stays tight. Scaled estimates
+   * are overwritten by real Yoga heights on next useLayoutEffect.
+   *
+   * Scaled heights are close enough that the black-screen-on-widen bug
+   * (inflated pre-resize offsets overshoot post-resize scrollTop → end
+   * loop stops short of tail) doesn't trigger: ratio<1 on widen scales
+   * heights DOWN, keeping offsets roughly aligned with post-resize Yoga.
+   */
+  columns: number,
+): VirtualScrollResult {
+  const heightCache = useRef(new Map<string, number>())
+  // Bump whenever heightCache mutates so offsets rebuild on next read. Ref
+  // (not state) — checked during render phase, zero extra commits.
+  const offsetVersionRef = useRef(0)
+  // scrollTop at last commit, for detecting fast-scroll mode (slide cap gate).
+  const lastScrollTopRef = useRef(0)
+  const offsetsRef = useRef<{ arr: Float64Array; version: number; n: number }>({
+    arr: new Float64Array(0),
+    version: -1,
+    n: -1,
+  })
+  const itemRefs = useRef(new Map<string, DOMElement>())
+  const refCache = useRef(new Map<string, (el: DOMElement | null) => void>())
+  // Inline ref-compare: must run before offsets is computed below. The
+  // skip-flag guards useLayoutEffect from re-populating heightCache with
+  // PRE-resize Yoga heights (useLayoutEffect reads Yoga from the frame
+  // BEFORE this render's calculateLayout — the one that had the old width).
+  // Next render's useLayoutEffect reads post-resize Yoga → correct.
+  const prevColumns = useRef(columns)
+  const skipMeasurementRef = useRef(false)
+  // Freeze the mount range for the resize-settling cycle. Already-mounted
+  // items have warm useMemo (marked.lexer, highlighting); recomputing range
+  // from scaled/pessimistic estimates causes mount/unmount churn (~3ms per
+  // fresh mount = ~150ms visible as a second flash). The pre-resize range is
+  // as good as any — items visible at old width are what the user wants at
+  // new width. Frozen for 2 renders: render #1 has skipMeasurement (Yoga
+  // still pre-resize), render #2's useLayoutEffect reads post-resize Yoga
+  // into heightCache. Render #3 has accurate heights → normal recompute.
+  const prevRangeRef = useRef<readonly [number, number] | null>(null)
+  const freezeRendersRef = useRef(0)
+  if (prevColumns.current !== columns) {
+    const ratio = prevColumns.current / columns
+    prevColumns.current = columns
+    for (const [k, h] of heightCache.current) {
+      heightCache.current.set(k, Math.max(1, Math.round(h * ratio)))
+    }
+    offsetVersionRef.current++
+    skipMeasurementRef.current = true
+    freezeRendersRef.current = 2
+  }
+  const frozenRange = freezeRendersRef.current > 0 ? prevRangeRef.current : null
+  // List origin in content-wrapper coords. scrollTop is content-wrapper-
+  // relative, but offsets[] are list-local (0 = first virtualized item).
+  // Siblings that render BEFORE this list inside the ScrollBox — Logo,
+  // StatusNotices, truncation divider in Messages.tsx — shift item Yoga
+  // positions by their cumulative height. Without subtracting this, the
+  // non-sticky branch's effLo/effHi are inflated and start advances past
+  // items that are actually in view (blank viewport on click/scroll when
+  // sticky breaks while scrollTop is near max). Read from the topSpacer's
+  // Yoga computedTop — it's the first child of the virtualized region, so
+  // its top IS listOrigin. No subtraction of offsets → no drift when item
+  // heights change between renders (tmux resize: columns change → re-wrap
+  // → heights shrink → the old item-sample subtraction went negative →
+  // effLo inflated → black screen). One-frame lag like heightCache.
+  const listOriginRef = useRef(0)
+  const spacerRef = useRef<DOMElement | null>(null)
+
+  // useSyncExternalStore ties re-renders to imperative scroll. Snapshot is
+  // scrollTop QUANTIZED to SCROLL_QUANTUM bins — Object.is sees no change
+  // for small scrolls (most wheel ticks), so React skips the commit + Yoga
+  // + Ink cycle entirely until the accumulated delta crosses a bin.
+  // Sticky is folded into the snapshot (sign bit) so sticky→broken also
+  // triggers: scrollToBottom sets sticky=true without moving scrollTop
+  // (Ink moves it later), and the first scrollBy after may land in the
+  // same bin. NaN sentinel = ref not attached.
+  const subscribe = useCallback(
+    (listener: () => void) =>
+      scrollRef.current?.subscribe(listener) ?? NOOP_UNSUB,
+    [scrollRef],
+  )
+  useSyncExternalStore(subscribe, () => {
+    const s = scrollRef.current
+    if (!s) return NaN
+    // Snapshot uses the TARGET (scrollTop + pendingDelta), not committed
+    // scrollTop. scrollBy only mutates pendingDelta (renderer drains it
+    // across frames); committed scrollTop lags. Using target means
+    // notify() on scrollBy actually changes the snapshot → React remounts
+    // children for the destination before Ink's drain frames need them.
+    const target = s.getScrollTop() + s.getPendingDelta()
+    const bin = Math.floor(target / SCROLL_QUANTUM)
+    return s.isSticky() ? ~bin : bin
+  })
+  // Read the REAL committed scrollTop (not quantized) for range math —
+  // quantization is only the re-render gate, not the position.
+  const scrollTop = scrollRef.current?.getScrollTop() ?? -1
+  // Range must span BOTH committed scrollTop (where Ink is rendering NOW)
+  // and target (where pending will drain to). During drain, intermediate
+  // frames render at scrollTops between the two — if we only mount for
+  // the target, those frames find no children (blank rows).
+  const pendingDelta = scrollRef.current?.getPendingDelta() ?? 0
+  const viewportH = scrollRef.current?.getViewportHeight() ?? 0
+  // True means the ScrollBox is pinned to the bottom. This is the ONLY
+  // stable "at bottom" signal: scrollTop/scrollHeight both reflect the
+  // PREVIOUS render's layout, which depends on what WE rendered (topSpacer +
+  // items), creating a feedback loop (range → layout → atBottom → range).
+  // stickyScroll is set by user action (scrollToBottom/scrollBy), the initial
+  // attribute, AND by render-node-to-output when its positional follow fires
+  // (scrollTop>=prevMax → pin to new max → set flag). The renderer write is
+  // feedback-safe: it only flips false→true, only when already at the
+  // positional bottom, and the flag being true here just means "tail-walk,
+  // clear clamp" — the same behavior as if we'd read scrollTop==maxScroll
+  // directly, minus the instability. Default true: before the ref attaches,
+  // assume bottom (sticky will pin us there on first Ink render).
+  const isSticky = scrollRef.current?.isSticky() ?? true
+
+  // GC stale cache entries (compaction, /clear, screenToggleId bump). Only
+  // runs when itemKeys identity changes — scrolling doesn't touch keys.
+  // itemRefs self-cleans via ref(null) on unmount.
+  // eslint-disable-next-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps -- refs are stable
+  useMemo(() => {
+    const live = new Set(itemKeys)
+    let dirty = false
+    for (const k of heightCache.current.keys()) {
+      if (!live.has(k)) {
+        heightCache.current.delete(k)
+        dirty = true
+      }
+    }
+    for (const k of refCache.current.keys()) {
+      if (!live.has(k)) refCache.current.delete(k)
+    }
+    if (dirty) offsetVersionRef.current++
+  }, [itemKeys])
+
+  // Offsets cached across renders, invalidated by offsetVersion ref bump.
+  // The previous approach allocated new Array(n+1) + ran n Map.get per
+  // render; for n≈27k at key-repeat scroll rate (~11 commits/sec) that's
+  // ~300k lookups/sec on a freshly-allocated array → GC churn + ~2ms/render.
+  // Version bumped by heightCache writers (measureRef, resize-scale, GC).
+  // No setState — the rebuild is read-side-lazy via ref version check during
+  // render (same commit, zero extra schedule). The flicker that forced
+  // inline-recompute came from setState-driven invalidation.
+  const n = itemKeys.length
+  if (
+    offsetsRef.current.version !== offsetVersionRef.current ||
+    offsetsRef.current.n !== n
+  ) {
+    const arr =
+      offsetsRef.current.arr.length >= n + 1
+        ? offsetsRef.current.arr
+        : new Float64Array(n + 1)
+    arr[0] = 0
+    for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+      arr[i + 1] =
+        arr[i]! + (heightCache.current.get(itemKeys[i]!) ?? DEFAULT_ESTIMATE)
+    }
+    offsetsRef.current = { arr, version: offsetVersionRef.current, n }
+  }
+  const offsets = offsetsRef.current.arr
+  const totalHeight = offsets[n]!
+
+  let start: number
+  let end: number
+
+  if (frozenRange) {
+    // Column just changed. Keep the pre-resize range to avoid mount churn.
+    // Clamp to n in case messages were removed (/clear, compaction).
+    ;[start, end] = frozenRange
+    start = Math.min(start, n)
+    end = Math.min(end, n)
+  } else if (viewportH === 0 || scrollTop < 0) {
+    // Cold start: ScrollBox hasn't laid out yet. Render the tail — sticky
+    // scroll pins to the bottom on first Ink render, so these are the items
+    // the user actually sees. Any scroll-up after that goes through
+    // scrollBy → subscribe fires → we re-render with real values.
+    start = Math.max(0, n - COLD_START_COUNT)
+    end = n
+  } else {
+    if (isSticky) {
+      // Sticky-scroll fallback. render-node-to-output may have moved scrollTop
+      // without notifying us, so trust "at bottom" over the stale snapshot.
+      // Walk back from the tail until we've covered viewport + overscan.
+      const budget = viewportH + OVERSCAN_ROWS
+      start = n
+      while (start > 0 && totalHeight - offsets[start - 1]! < budget) {
+        start--
+      }
+      end = n
+    } else {
+      // User has scrolled up. Compute start from offsets (estimate-based:
+      // may undershoot which is fine — we just start mounting a bit early).
+      // Then extend end by CUMULATIVE BEST-KNOWN HEIGHT, not estimated
+      // offsets. The invariant is:
+      //   topSpacer + sum(real_heights[start..end]) >= scrollTop + viewportH + overscan
+      // Since topSpacer = offsets[start] ≤ scrollTop - overscan, we need:
+      //   sum(real_heights) >= viewportH + 2*overscan
+      // For unmeasured items, assume PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT=1 — the smallest a
+      // MessageRow can be. This over-mounts when items are large, but NEVER
+      // leaves the viewport showing empty spacer during fast scroll through
+      // unmeasured territory. Once heights are cached (next render),
+      // coverage is computed with real values and the range tightens.
+      // Advance start past item K only if K is safe to fold into topSpacer
+      // without a visible jump. Two cases are safe:
+      //   (a) K is NOT currently mounted (itemRefs has no entry). Its
+      //       contribution to offsets has ALWAYS been the estimate — the
+      //       spacer already matches what was there. No layout change.
+      //   (b) K is mounted AND its height is cached. offsets[start+1] uses
+      //       the real height, so topSpacer = offsets[start+1] exactly
+      //       equals the Yoga span K occupied. Seamless unmount.
+      // The unsafe case — K is mounted but uncached — is the one-render
+      // window between mount and useLayoutEffect measurement. Keeping K
+      // mounted that one extra render lets the measurement land.
+      // Mount range spans [committed, target] so every drain frame is
+      // covered. Clamp at 0: aggressive wheel-up can push pendingDelta
+      // far past zero (MX Master free-spin), but scrollTop never goes
+      // negative. Without the clamp, effLo drags start to 0 while effHi
+      // stays at the current (high) scrollTop — span exceeds what
+      // MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS can cover and early drain frames see blank.
+      // listOrigin translates scrollTop (content-wrapper coords) into
+      // list-local coords before comparing against offsets[]. Without
+      // this, pre-list siblings (Logo+notices in Messages.tsx) inflate
+      // scrollTop by their height and start over-advances — eats overscan
+      // first, then visible rows once the inflation exceeds OVERSCAN_ROWS.
+      const listOrigin = listOriginRef.current
+      // Cap the [committed..target] span. When input outpaces render,
+      // pendingDelta grows unbounded → effLo..effHi covers hundreds of
+      // unmounted rows → one commit mounts 194 fresh MessageRows → 3s+
+      // sync block → more input queues → bigger delta next time. Death
+      // spiral. Capping the span bounds fresh mounts per commit; the
+      // clamp (setClampBounds) shows edge-of-mounted during catch-up so
+      // there's no blank screen — scroll reaches target over a few
+      // frames instead of freezing once for seconds.
+      const MAX_SPAN_ROWS = viewportH * 3
+      const rawLo = Math.min(scrollTop, scrollTop + pendingDelta)
+      const rawHi = Math.max(scrollTop, scrollTop + pendingDelta)
+      const span = rawHi - rawLo
+      const clampedLo =
+        span > MAX_SPAN_ROWS
+          ? pendingDelta < 0
+            ? rawHi - MAX_SPAN_ROWS // scrolling up: keep near target (low end)
+            : rawLo // scrolling down: keep near committed
+          : rawLo
+      const clampedHi = clampedLo + Math.min(span, MAX_SPAN_ROWS)
+      const effLo = Math.max(0, clampedLo - listOrigin)
+      const effHi = clampedHi - listOrigin
+      const lo = effLo - OVERSCAN_ROWS
+      // Binary search for start — offsets is monotone-increasing. The
+      // linear while(start++) scan iterated ~27k times per render for the
+      // 27k-msg session (scrolling from bottom, start≈27200). O(log n).
+      {
+        let l = 0
+        let r = n
+        while (l < r) {
+          const m = (l + r) >> 1
+          if (offsets[m + 1]! <= lo) l = m + 1
+          else r = m
+        }
+        start = l
+      }
+      // Guard: don't advance past mounted-but-unmeasured items. During the
+      // one-render window between mount and useLayoutEffect measurement,
+      // unmounting such items would use DEFAULT_ESTIMATE in topSpacer,
+      // which doesn't match their (unknown) real span → flicker. Mounted
+      // items are in [prevStart, prevEnd); scan that, not all n.
+      {
+        const p = prevRangeRef.current
+        if (p && p[0] < start) {
+          for (let i = p[0]; i < Math.min(start, p[1]); i++) {
+            const k = itemKeys[i]!
+            if (itemRefs.current.has(k) && !heightCache.current.has(k)) {
+              start = i
+              break
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      const needed = viewportH + 2 * OVERSCAN_ROWS
+      const maxEnd = Math.min(n, start + MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS)
+      let coverage = 0
+      end = start
+      while (
+        end < maxEnd &&
+        (coverage < needed || offsets[end]! < effHi + viewportH + OVERSCAN_ROWS)
+      ) {
+        coverage +=
+          heightCache.current.get(itemKeys[end]!) ?? PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT
+        end++
+      }
+    }
+    // Same coverage guarantee for the atBottom path (it walked start back
+    // by estimated offsets, which can undershoot if items are small).
+    const needed = viewportH + 2 * OVERSCAN_ROWS
+    const minStart = Math.max(0, end - MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS)
+    let coverage = 0
+    for (let i = start; i < end; i++) {
+      coverage += heightCache.current.get(itemKeys[i]!) ?? PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT
+    }
+    while (start > minStart && coverage < needed) {
+      start--
+      coverage +=
+        heightCache.current.get(itemKeys[start]!) ?? PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT
+    }
+    // Slide cap: limit how many NEW items mount this commit. Scrolling into
+    // a fresh range would otherwise mount 194 items at PESSIMISTIC_HEIGHT=1
+    // coverage — ~290ms React render block. Gates on scroll VELOCITY
+    // (|scrollTop delta since last commit| > 2×viewportH — key-repeat PageUp
+    // moves ~viewportH/2 per press, 3+ presses batched = fast mode). Covers
+    // both scrollBy (pendingDelta) and scrollTo (direct write). Normal
+    // single-PageUp or sticky-break jumps skip this. The clamp
+    // (setClampBounds) holds the viewport at the mounted edge during
+    // catch-up. Only caps range GROWTH; shrinking is unbounded.
+    const prev = prevRangeRef.current
+    const scrollVelocity =
+      Math.abs(scrollTop - lastScrollTopRef.current) + Math.abs(pendingDelta)
+    if (prev && scrollVelocity > viewportH * 2) {
+      const [pS, pE] = prev
+      if (start < pS - SLIDE_STEP) start = pS - SLIDE_STEP
+      if (end > pE + SLIDE_STEP) end = pE + SLIDE_STEP
+      // A large forward jump can push start past the capped end (start
+      // advances via binary search while end is capped at pE + SLIDE_STEP).
+      // Mount SLIDE_STEP items from the new start so the viewport isn't
+      // blank during catch-up.
+      if (start > end) end = Math.min(start + SLIDE_STEP, n)
+    }
+    lastScrollTopRef.current = scrollTop
+  }
+
+  // Decrement freeze AFTER range is computed. Don't update prevRangeRef
+  // during freeze so both frozen renders reuse the ORIGINAL pre-resize
+  // range (not the clamped-to-n version if messages changed mid-freeze).
+  if (freezeRendersRef.current > 0) {
+    freezeRendersRef.current--
+  } else {
+    prevRangeRef.current = [start, end]
+  }
+  // useDeferredValue lets React render with the OLD range first (cheap —
+  // all memo hits) then transition to the NEW range (expensive — fresh
+  // mounts with marked.lexer + formatToken). The urgent render keeps Ink
+  // painting at input rate; fresh mounts happen in a non-blocking
+  // background render. This is React's native time-slicing: the 62ms
+  // fresh-mount block becomes interruptible. The clamp (setClampBounds)
+  // already handles viewport pinning so there's no visual artifact from
+  // the deferred range lagging briefly behind scrollTop.
+  //
+  // Only defer range GROWTH (start moving earlier / end moving later adds
+  // fresh mounts). Shrinking is cheap (unmount = remove fiber, no parse)
+  // and the deferred value lagging shrink causes stale overscan to stay
+  // mounted one extra tick — harmless but fails tests checking exact
+  // range after measurement-driven tightening.
+  const dStart = useDeferredValue(start)
+  const dEnd = useDeferredValue(end)
+  let effStart = start < dStart ? dStart : start
+  let effEnd = end > dEnd ? dEnd : end
+  // A large jump can make effStart > effEnd (start jumps forward while dEnd
+  // still holds the old range's end). Skip deferral to avoid an inverted
+  // range. Also skip when sticky — scrollToBottom needs the tail mounted
+  // NOW so scrollTop=maxScroll lands on content, not bottomSpacer. The
+  // deferred dEnd (still at old range) would render an incomplete tail,
+  // maxScroll stays at the old content height, and "jump to bottom" stops
+  // short. Sticky snap is a single frame, not continuous scroll — the
+  // time-slicing benefit doesn't apply.
+  if (effStart > effEnd || isSticky) {
+    effStart = start
+    effEnd = end
+  }
+  // Scrolling DOWN (pendingDelta > 0): bypass effEnd deferral so the tail
+  // mounts immediately. Without this, the clamp (based on effEnd) holds
+  // scrollTop short of the real bottom — user scrolls down, hits clampMax,
+  // stops, React catches up effEnd, clampMax widens, but the user already
+  // released. Feels stuck-before-bottom. effStart stays deferred so
+  // scroll-UP keeps time-slicing (older messages parse on mount — the
+  // expensive direction).
+  if (pendingDelta > 0) {
+    effEnd = end
+  }
+  // Final O(viewport) enforcement. The intermediate caps (maxEnd=start+
+  // MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS, slide cap, deferred-intersection) bound [start,end]
+  // but the deferred+bypass combinations above can let [effStart,effEnd]
+  // slip: e.g. during sustained PageUp when concurrent mode interleaves
+  // dStart updates with effEnd=end bypasses across commits, the effective
+  // window can drift wider than either immediate or deferred alone. On a
+  // 10K-line resumed session this showed as +270MB RSS during PageUp spam
+  // (yoga Node constructor + createWorkInProgress fiber alloc proportional
+  // to scroll distance). Trim the far edge — by viewport position — to keep
+  // fiber count O(viewport) regardless of deferred-value scheduling.
+  if (effEnd - effStart > MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS) {
+    // Trim side is decided by viewport POSITION, not pendingDelta direction.
+    // pendingDelta drains to 0 between frames while dStart/dEnd lag under
+    // concurrent scheduling; a direction-based trim then flips from "trim
+    // tail" to "trim head" mid-settle, bumping effStart → effTopSpacer →
+    // clampMin → setClampBounds yanks scrollTop down → scrollback vanishes.
+    // Position-based: keep whichever end the viewport is closer to.
+    const mid = (offsets[effStart]! + offsets[effEnd]!) / 2
+    if (scrollTop - listOriginRef.current < mid) {
+      effEnd = effStart + MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS
+    } else {
+      effStart = effEnd - MAX_MOUNTED_ITEMS
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Write render-time clamp bounds in a layout effect (not during render —
+  // mutating DOM during React render violates purity). render-node-to-output
+  // clamps scrollTop to this span so burst scrollTo calls that race past
+  // React's async re-render show the EDGE of mounted content (the last/first
+  // visible message) instead of blank spacer.
+  //
+  // Clamp MUST use the EFFECTIVE (deferred) range, not the immediate one.
+  // During fast scroll, immediate [start,end] may already cover the new
+  // scrollTop position, but the children still render at the deferred
+  // (older) range. If clamp uses immediate bounds, the drain-gate in
+  // render-node-to-output sees scrollTop within clamp → drains past the
+  // deferred children's span → viewport lands in spacer → white flash.
+  // Using effStart/effEnd keeps clamp synced with what's actually mounted.
+  //
+  // Skip clamp when sticky — render-node-to-output pins scrollTop=maxScroll
+  // authoritatively. Clamping during cold-start/load causes flicker: first
+  // render uses estimate-based offsets, clamp set, sticky-follow moves
+  // scrollTop, measurement fires, offsets rebuild with real heights, second
+  // render's clamp differs → scrollTop clamp-adjusts → content shifts.
+  const listOrigin = listOriginRef.current
+  const effTopSpacer = offsets[effStart]!
+  // At effStart=0 there's no unmounted content above — the clamp must allow
+  // scrolling past listOrigin to see pre-list content (logo, header) that
+  // sits in the ScrollBox but outside VirtualMessageList. Only clamp when
+  // the topSpacer is nonzero (there ARE unmounted items above).
+  const clampMin = effStart === 0 ? 0 : effTopSpacer + listOrigin
+  // At effEnd=n there's no bottomSpacer — nothing to avoid racing past. Using
+  // offsets[n] here would bake in heightCache (one render behind Yoga), and
+  // when the tail item is STREAMING its cached height lags its real height by
+  // however much arrived since last measure. Sticky-break then clamps
+  // scrollTop below the real max, pushing the streaming text off-viewport
+  // (the "scrolled up, response disappeared" bug). Infinity = unbounded:
+  // render-node-to-output's own Math.min(cur, maxScroll) governs instead.
+  const clampMax =
+    effEnd === n
+      ? Infinity
+      : Math.max(effTopSpacer, offsets[effEnd]! - viewportH) + listOrigin
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    if (isSticky) {
+      scrollRef.current?.setClampBounds(undefined, undefined)
+    } else {
+      scrollRef.current?.setClampBounds(clampMin, clampMax)
+    }
+  })
+
+  // Measure heights from the PREVIOUS Ink render. Runs every commit (no
+  // deps) because Yoga recomputes layout without React knowing. yogaNode
+  // heights for items mounted ≥1 frame ago are valid; brand-new items
+  // haven't been laid out yet (that happens in resetAfterCommit → onRender,
+  // after this effect).
+  //
+  // Distinguishing "h=0: Yoga hasn't run" (transient, skip) from "h=0:
+  // MessageRow rendered null" (permanent, cache it): getComputedWidth() > 0
+  // proves Yoga HAS laid out this node (width comes from the container,
+  // always non-zero for a Box in a column). If width is set and height is
+  // 0, the item is genuinely empty — cache 0 so the start-advance gate
+  // doesn't block on it forever. Without this, a null-rendering message
+  // at the start boundary freezes the range (seen as blank viewport when
+  // scrolling down after scrolling up).
+  //
+  // NO setState. A setState here would schedule a second commit with
+  // shifted offsets, and since Ink writes stdout on every commit
+  // (reconciler.resetAfterCommit → onRender), that's two writes with
+  // different spacer heights → visible flicker. Heights propagate to
+  // offsets on the next natural render. One-frame lag, absorbed by overscan.
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const spacerYoga = spacerRef.current?.yogaNode
+    if (spacerYoga && spacerYoga.getComputedWidth() > 0) {
+      listOriginRef.current = spacerYoga.getComputedTop()
+    }
+    if (skipMeasurementRef.current) {
+      skipMeasurementRef.current = false
+      return
+    }
+    let anyChanged = false
+    for (const [key, el] of itemRefs.current) {
+      const yoga = el.yogaNode
+      if (!yoga) continue
+      const h = yoga.getComputedHeight()
+      const prev = heightCache.current.get(key)
+      if (h > 0) {
+        if (prev !== h) {
+          heightCache.current.set(key, h)
+          anyChanged = true
+        }
+      } else if (yoga.getComputedWidth() > 0 && prev !== 0) {
+        heightCache.current.set(key, 0)
+        anyChanged = true
+      }
+    }
+    if (anyChanged) offsetVersionRef.current++
+  })
+
+  // Stable per-key callback refs. React's ref-swap dance (old(null) then
+  // new(el)) is a no-op when the callback is identity-stable, avoiding
+  // itemRefs churn on every render. GC'd alongside heightCache above.
+  // The ref(null) path also captures height at unmount — the yogaNode is
+  // still valid then (reconciler calls ref(null) before removeChild →
+  // freeRecursive), so we get the final measurement before WASM release.
+  const measureRef = useCallback((key: string) => {
+    let fn = refCache.current.get(key)
+    if (!fn) {
+      fn = (el: DOMElement | null) => {
+        if (el) {
+          itemRefs.current.set(key, el)
+        } else {
+          const yoga = itemRefs.current.get(key)?.yogaNode
+          if (yoga && !skipMeasurementRef.current) {
+            const h = yoga.getComputedHeight()
+            if (
+              (h > 0 || yoga.getComputedWidth() > 0) &&
+              heightCache.current.get(key) !== h
+            ) {
+              heightCache.current.set(key, h)
+              offsetVersionRef.current++
+            }
+          }
+          itemRefs.current.delete(key)
+        }
+      }
+      refCache.current.set(key, fn)
+    }
+    return fn
+  }, [])
+
+  const getItemTop = useCallback(
+    (index: number) => {
+      const yoga = itemRefs.current.get(itemKeys[index]!)?.yogaNode
+      if (!yoga || yoga.getComputedWidth() === 0) return -1
+      return yoga.getComputedTop()
+    },
+    [itemKeys],
+  )
+
+  const getItemElement = useCallback(
+    (index: number) => itemRefs.current.get(itemKeys[index]!) ?? null,
+    [itemKeys],
+  )
+  const getItemHeight = useCallback(
+    (index: number) => heightCache.current.get(itemKeys[index]!),
+    [itemKeys],
+  )
+  const scrollToIndex = useCallback(
+    (i: number) => {
+      // offsetsRef.current holds latest cached offsets (event handlers run
+      // between renders; a render-time closure would be stale).
+      const o = offsetsRef.current
+      if (i < 0 || i >= o.n) return
+      scrollRef.current?.scrollTo(o.arr[i]! + listOriginRef.current)
+    },
+    [scrollRef],
+  )
+
+  const effBottomSpacer = totalHeight - offsets[effEnd]!
+
+  return {
+    range: [effStart, effEnd],
+    topSpacer: effTopSpacer,
+    bottomSpacer: effBottomSpacer,
+    measureRef,
+    spacerRef,
+    offsets,
+    getItemTop,
+    getItemElement,
+    getItemHeight,
+    scrollToIndex,
+  }
+}