@wentorai/research-plugins 1.0.0 → 1.2.0

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (415) hide show
  1. package/README.md +22 -22
  2. package/curated/analysis/README.md +82 -56
  3. package/curated/domains/README.md +225 -69
  4. package/curated/literature/README.md +115 -46
  5. package/curated/research/README.md +106 -58
  6. package/curated/tools/README.md +107 -87
  7. package/curated/writing/README.md +92 -45
  8. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/alphafold-mcp.json +20 -0
  9. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/brightspace-mcp.json +21 -0
  10. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/climatiq-mcp.json +20 -0
  11. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/gibs-mcp.json +20 -0
  12. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/gis-mcp-server.json +22 -0
  13. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/google-earth-engine-mcp.json +21 -0
  14. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/m4-clinical-mcp.json +21 -0
  15. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/medical-mcp.json +21 -0
  16. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/nexonco-mcp.json +20 -0
  17. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/omop-mcp.json +20 -0
  18. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/onekgpd-mcp.json +20 -0
  19. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/openedu-mcp.json +20 -0
  20. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/opengenes-mcp.json +20 -0
  21. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/openstax-mcp.json +21 -0
  22. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/openstreetmap-mcp.json +21 -0
  23. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/opentargets-mcp.json +21 -0
  24. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/pdb-mcp.json +21 -0
  25. package/mcp-configs/academic-db/smithsonian-mcp.json +20 -0
  26. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/magi-researchers.json +21 -0
  27. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/mcp-academic-researcher.json +22 -0
  28. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/open-paper-machine.json +21 -0
  29. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/paper-intelligence.json +21 -0
  30. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/paper-reader.json +21 -0
  31. package/mcp-configs/ai-platform/paperdebugger.json +21 -0
  32. package/mcp-configs/browser/exa-mcp.json +20 -0
  33. package/mcp-configs/browser/mcp-searxng.json +21 -0
  34. package/mcp-configs/browser/mcp-webresearch.json +20 -0
  35. package/mcp-configs/cloud-docs/confluence-mcp.json +37 -0
  36. package/mcp-configs/cloud-docs/google-drive-mcp.json +35 -0
  37. package/mcp-configs/cloud-docs/notion-mcp.json +29 -0
  38. package/mcp-configs/communication/discord-mcp.json +29 -0
  39. package/mcp-configs/communication/discourse-mcp.json +21 -0
  40. package/mcp-configs/communication/slack-mcp.json +29 -0
  41. package/mcp-configs/communication/telegram-mcp.json +28 -0
  42. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/automl-stat-mcp.json +21 -0
  43. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/jefferson-stats-mcp.json +22 -0
  44. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/mcp-excel-server.json +21 -0
  45. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/mcp-stata.json +21 -0
  46. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/mcpstack-jupyter.json +21 -0
  47. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/ml-mcp.json +21 -0
  48. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/nasdaq-data-link-mcp.json +20 -0
  49. package/mcp-configs/data-platform/numpy-mcp.json +21 -0
  50. package/mcp-configs/database/neo4j-mcp.json +37 -0
  51. package/mcp-configs/database/postgres-mcp.json +28 -0
  52. package/mcp-configs/database/sqlite-mcp.json +29 -0
  53. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/geogebra-mcp.json +21 -0
  54. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/github-mcp.json +31 -0
  55. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/gitlab-mcp.json +34 -0
  56. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/latex-mcp-server.json +21 -0
  57. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/manim-mcp.json +20 -0
  58. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/mcp-echarts.json +20 -0
  59. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/panel-viz-mcp.json +20 -0
  60. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/paperbanana.json +20 -0
  61. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/texflow-mcp.json +20 -0
  62. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/texmcp.json +20 -0
  63. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/typst-mcp.json +21 -0
  64. package/mcp-configs/dev-platform/vizro-mcp.json +20 -0
  65. package/mcp-configs/email/email-mcp.json +40 -0
  66. package/mcp-configs/email/gmail-mcp.json +37 -0
  67. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/local-faiss-mcp.json +21 -0
  68. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/mcp-memory-service.json +21 -0
  69. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/mcp-obsidian.json +23 -0
  70. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/mcp-ragdocs.json +20 -0
  71. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/mcp-summarizer.json +21 -0
  72. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/mediawiki-mcp.json +21 -0
  73. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/openzim-mcp.json +20 -0
  74. package/mcp-configs/note-knowledge/zettelkasten-mcp.json +21 -0
  75. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/academic-paper-mcp-http.json +20 -0
  76. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/academix.json +20 -0
  77. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/arxiv-research-mcp.json +21 -0
  78. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/google-scholar-abstract-mcp.json +19 -0
  79. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/google-scholar-mcp.json +20 -0
  80. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mcp-paperswithcode.json +21 -0
  81. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mcp-scholarly.json +20 -0
  82. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mcp-simple-arxiv.json +20 -0
  83. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mcp-simple-pubmed.json +20 -0
  84. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mcp-zotero.json +21 -0
  85. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/mendeley-mcp.json +20 -0
  86. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/ncbi-mcp-server.json +22 -0
  87. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/onecite.json +21 -0
  88. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/paper-search-mcp.json +21 -0
  89. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/pubmed-search-mcp.json +21 -0
  90. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/scholar-mcp.json +21 -0
  91. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/scholar-multi-mcp.json +21 -0
  92. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/seerai.json +21 -0
  93. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/semantic-scholar-fastmcp.json +21 -0
  94. package/mcp-configs/reference-mgr/sourcelibrary.json +20 -0
  95. package/mcp-configs/registry.json +178 -149
  96. package/mcp-configs/repository/dataverse-mcp.json +33 -0
  97. package/mcp-configs/repository/huggingface-mcp.json +29 -0
  98. package/openclaw.plugin.json +2 -2
  99. package/package.json +2 -2
  100. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/algorithm-visualizer-guide/SKILL.md +259 -0
  101. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/bokeh-visualization-guide/SKILL.md +270 -0
  102. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/chart-image-generator/SKILL.md +229 -0
  103. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/citation-map-guide/SKILL.md +184 -0
  104. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/d3-visualization-guide/SKILL.md +281 -0
  105. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/data-visualization-principles/SKILL.md +171 -0
  106. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/echarts-visualization-guide/SKILL.md +250 -0
  107. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/metabase-analytics-guide/SKILL.md +242 -0
  108. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/plotly-interactive-guide/SKILL.md +266 -0
  109. package/skills/analysis/dataviz/redash-analytics-guide/SKILL.md +284 -0
  110. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/econml-causal-guide/SKILL.md +163 -0
  111. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/empirical-paper-analysis/SKILL.md +192 -0
  112. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/mostly-harmless-guide/SKILL.md +139 -0
  113. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/panel-data-analyst/SKILL.md +259 -0
  114. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/panel-data-regression-workflow/SKILL.md +267 -0
  115. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/python-causality-guide/SKILL.md +134 -0
  116. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/stata-accounting-guide/SKILL.md +269 -0
  117. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/stata-analyst-guide/SKILL.md +245 -0
  118. package/skills/analysis/econometrics/stata-reference-guide/SKILL.md +293 -0
  119. package/skills/analysis/statistics/data-anomaly-detection/SKILL.md +157 -0
  120. package/skills/analysis/statistics/general-statistics-guide/SKILL.md +226 -0
  121. package/skills/analysis/statistics/infiagent-benchmark-guide/SKILL.md +106 -0
  122. package/skills/analysis/statistics/ml-experiment-tracker/SKILL.md +212 -0
  123. package/skills/analysis/statistics/pywayne-statistics-guide/SKILL.md +192 -0
  124. package/skills/analysis/statistics/quantitative-methods-guide/SKILL.md +193 -0
  125. package/skills/analysis/statistics/senior-data-scientist-guide/SKILL.md +223 -0
  126. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/claude-data-analysis-guide/SKILL.md +100 -0
  127. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/csv-data-analyzer/SKILL.md +170 -0
  128. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/data-cleaning-pipeline/SKILL.md +266 -0
  129. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/data-cog-guide/SKILL.md +178 -0
  130. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/open-data-scientist-guide/SKILL.md +197 -0
  131. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/stata-data-cleaning/SKILL.md +276 -0
  132. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/streamline-analyst-guide/SKILL.md +119 -0
  133. package/skills/analysis/wrangling/survey-data-processing/SKILL.md +298 -0
  134. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/ai-agent-papers-guide/SKILL.md +146 -0
  135. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/ai-model-benchmarking/SKILL.md +209 -0
  136. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/annotated-dl-papers-guide/SKILL.md +159 -0
  137. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/anomaly-detection-papers-guide/SKILL.md +167 -0
  138. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/autonomous-agents-papers-guide/SKILL.md +178 -0
  139. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/dl-transformer-finetune/SKILL.md +239 -0
  140. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/domain-adaptation-papers-guide/SKILL.md +173 -0
  141. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/generative-ai-guide/SKILL.md +146 -0
  142. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/graph-learning-papers-guide/SKILL.md +125 -0
  143. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/huggingface-inference-guide/SKILL.md +196 -0
  144. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/keras-deep-learning/SKILL.md +210 -0
  145. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/kolmogorov-arnold-networks-guide/SKILL.md +185 -0
  146. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/llm-from-scratch-guide/SKILL.md +124 -0
  147. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/ml-pipeline-guide/SKILL.md +295 -0
  148. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/nlp-toolkit-guide/SKILL.md +247 -0
  149. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/npcpy-research-guide/SKILL.md +137 -0
  150. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/pytorch-guide/SKILL.md +281 -0
  151. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/pytorch-lightning-guide/SKILL.md +244 -0
  152. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/responsible-ai-guide/SKILL.md +126 -0
  153. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/tensorflow-guide/SKILL.md +241 -0
  154. package/skills/domains/ai-ml/vmas-simulator-guide/SKILL.md +129 -0
  155. package/skills/domains/biomedical/bioagents-guide/SKILL.md +308 -0
  156. package/skills/domains/biomedical/clawbio-guide/SKILL.md +167 -0
  157. package/skills/domains/biomedical/clinical-dialogue-agents-guide/SKILL.md +145 -0
  158. package/skills/domains/biomedical/ena-sequence-api/SKILL.md +175 -0
  159. package/skills/domains/biomedical/genomas-guide/SKILL.md +126 -0
  160. package/skills/domains/biomedical/genotex-benchmark-guide/SKILL.md +125 -0
  161. package/skills/domains/biomedical/med-researcher-guide/SKILL.md +161 -0
  162. package/skills/domains/biomedical/med-researcher-r1-guide/SKILL.md +146 -0
  163. package/skills/domains/biomedical/medgeclaw-guide/SKILL.md +345 -0
  164. package/skills/domains/biomedical/medical-imaging-guide/SKILL.md +305 -0
  165. package/skills/domains/biomedical/ncbi-blast-api/SKILL.md +195 -0
  166. package/skills/domains/biomedical/ncbi-datasets-api/SKILL.md +220 -0
  167. package/skills/domains/biomedical/quickgo-api/SKILL.md +181 -0
  168. package/skills/domains/business/architecture-design-guide/SKILL.md +279 -0
  169. package/skills/domains/business/innovation-management-guide/SKILL.md +257 -0
  170. package/skills/domains/business/operations-research-guide/SKILL.md +258 -0
  171. package/skills/domains/business/xpert-bi-guide/SKILL.md +84 -0
  172. package/skills/domains/chemistry/cactus-cheminformatics-guide/SKILL.md +89 -0
  173. package/skills/domains/chemistry/chemeagle-guide/SKILL.md +147 -0
  174. package/skills/domains/chemistry/chemgraph-agent-guide/SKILL.md +120 -0
  175. package/skills/domains/chemistry/molecular-dynamics-guide/SKILL.md +237 -0
  176. package/skills/domains/chemistry/pubchem-api-guide/SKILL.md +180 -0
  177. package/skills/domains/chemistry/spectroscopy-analysis-guide/SKILL.md +290 -0
  178. package/skills/domains/cs/ai-security-papers-guide/SKILL.md +103 -0
  179. package/skills/domains/cs/code-llm-papers-guide/SKILL.md +131 -0
  180. package/skills/domains/cs/distributed-systems-guide/SKILL.md +268 -0
  181. package/skills/domains/cs/formal-verification-guide/SKILL.md +298 -0
  182. package/skills/domains/cs/gaussian-splatting-papers-guide/SKILL.md +158 -0
  183. package/skills/domains/cs/llm-aiops-guide/SKILL.md +70 -0
  184. package/skills/domains/cs/software-heritage-api/SKILL.md +200 -0
  185. package/skills/domains/ecology/species-distribution-guide/SKILL.md +343 -0
  186. package/skills/domains/economics/imf-data-api-guide/SKILL.md +174 -0
  187. package/skills/domains/economics/nber-working-papers-api/SKILL.md +177 -0
  188. package/skills/domains/economics/post-labor-economics/SKILL.md +254 -0
  189. package/skills/domains/economics/pricing-psychology-guide/SKILL.md +273 -0
  190. package/skills/domains/economics/repec-economics-api/SKILL.md +188 -0
  191. package/skills/domains/economics/world-bank-data-guide/SKILL.md +179 -0
  192. package/skills/domains/education/academic-study-methods/SKILL.md +228 -0
  193. package/skills/domains/education/assessment-design-guide/SKILL.md +213 -0
  194. package/skills/domains/education/educational-research-methods/SKILL.md +179 -0
  195. package/skills/domains/education/edumcp-guide/SKILL.md +74 -0
  196. package/skills/domains/education/mooc-analytics-guide/SKILL.md +206 -0
  197. package/skills/domains/education/open-syllabus-api/SKILL.md +171 -0
  198. package/skills/domains/finance/akshare-finance-data/SKILL.md +207 -0
  199. package/skills/domains/finance/finsight-research-guide/SKILL.md +113 -0
  200. package/skills/domains/finance/options-analytics-agent-guide/SKILL.md +117 -0
  201. package/skills/domains/finance/portfolio-optimization-guide/SKILL.md +279 -0
  202. package/skills/domains/finance/risk-modeling-guide/SKILL.md +260 -0
  203. package/skills/domains/finance/stata-accounting-research/SKILL.md +372 -0
  204. package/skills/domains/geoscience/climate-modeling-guide/SKILL.md +215 -0
  205. package/skills/domains/geoscience/pangaea-data-api/SKILL.md +197 -0
  206. package/skills/domains/geoscience/satellite-remote-sensing/SKILL.md +193 -0
  207. package/skills/domains/geoscience/seismology-data-guide/SKILL.md +208 -0
  208. package/skills/domains/humanities/digital-humanities-methods/SKILL.md +232 -0
  209. package/skills/domains/humanities/ethical-philosophy-guide/SKILL.md +244 -0
  210. package/skills/domains/humanities/history-research-guide/SKILL.md +260 -0
  211. package/skills/domains/humanities/political-history-guide/SKILL.md +241 -0
  212. package/skills/domains/law/caselaw-access-api/SKILL.md +149 -0
  213. package/skills/domains/law/legal-agent-skills-guide/SKILL.md +132 -0
  214. package/skills/domains/law/legal-nlp-guide/SKILL.md +236 -0
  215. package/skills/domains/law/legal-research-methods/SKILL.md +190 -0
  216. package/skills/domains/law/opencontracts-guide/SKILL.md +168 -0
  217. package/skills/domains/law/patent-analysis-guide/SKILL.md +257 -0
  218. package/skills/domains/law/regulatory-compliance-guide/SKILL.md +267 -0
  219. package/skills/domains/math/lean-theorem-proving-guide/SKILL.md +140 -0
  220. package/skills/domains/math/symbolic-computation-guide/SKILL.md +263 -0
  221. package/skills/domains/math/topology-data-analysis/SKILL.md +305 -0
  222. package/skills/domains/pharma/clinical-trial-design-guide/SKILL.md +271 -0
  223. package/skills/domains/pharma/drug-target-interaction/SKILL.md +242 -0
  224. package/skills/domains/pharma/madd-drug-discovery-guide/SKILL.md +153 -0
  225. package/skills/domains/pharma/pharmacovigilance-guide/SKILL.md +216 -0
  226. package/skills/domains/physics/astrophysics-data-guide/SKILL.md +305 -0
  227. package/skills/domains/physics/particle-physics-guide/SKILL.md +287 -0
  228. package/skills/domains/social-science/ipums-microdata-api/SKILL.md +211 -0
  229. package/skills/domains/social-science/network-analysis-guide/SKILL.md +310 -0
  230. package/skills/domains/social-science/psychology-research-guide/SKILL.md +270 -0
  231. package/skills/domains/social-science/sociology-research-guide/SKILL.md +238 -0
  232. package/skills/domains/social-science/sociology-research-methods/SKILL.md +181 -0
  233. package/skills/literature/discovery/arxiv-paper-monitoring/SKILL.md +233 -0
  234. package/skills/literature/discovery/paper-recommendation-guide/SKILL.md +120 -0
  235. package/skills/literature/discovery/papers-we-love-guide/SKILL.md +169 -0
  236. package/skills/literature/discovery/semantic-paper-radar/SKILL.md +144 -0
  237. package/skills/literature/discovery/zotero-arxiv-daily-guide/SKILL.md +94 -0
  238. package/skills/literature/fulltext/bioc-pmc-api/SKILL.md +146 -0
  239. package/skills/literature/fulltext/core-api-guide/SKILL.md +144 -0
  240. package/skills/literature/fulltext/dataverse-api/SKILL.md +215 -0
  241. package/skills/literature/fulltext/hal-archive-api/SKILL.md +218 -0
  242. package/skills/literature/fulltext/institutional-repository-guide/SKILL.md +212 -0
  243. package/skills/literature/fulltext/open-access-mining-guide/SKILL.md +341 -0
  244. package/skills/literature/fulltext/osf-api/SKILL.md +212 -0
  245. package/skills/literature/fulltext/pmc-ftp-bulk-download/SKILL.md +182 -0
  246. package/skills/literature/fulltext/zotero-ai-butler-guide/SKILL.md +166 -0
  247. package/skills/literature/fulltext/zotero-scihub-guide/SKILL.md +168 -0
  248. package/skills/literature/metadata/academic-paper-summarizer/SKILL.md +101 -0
  249. package/skills/literature/metadata/bibliometrix-guide/SKILL.md +164 -0
  250. package/skills/literature/metadata/crossref-event-data-api/SKILL.md +183 -0
  251. package/skills/literature/metadata/doi-content-negotiation/SKILL.md +202 -0
  252. package/skills/literature/metadata/orkg-api/SKILL.md +153 -0
  253. package/skills/literature/metadata/plumx-metrics-api/SKILL.md +188 -0
  254. package/skills/literature/metadata/ror-organization-api/SKILL.md +208 -0
  255. package/skills/literature/metadata/sophosia-reference-guide/SKILL.md +110 -0
  256. package/skills/literature/metadata/viaf-authority-api/SKILL.md +209 -0
  257. package/skills/literature/metadata/wikidata-api-guide/SKILL.md +156 -0
  258. package/skills/literature/metadata/zoplicate-dedup-guide/SKILL.md +147 -0
  259. package/skills/literature/metadata/zotero-actions-tags-guide/SKILL.md +212 -0
  260. package/skills/literature/metadata/zotmoov-guide/SKILL.md +120 -0
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  262. package/skills/literature/search/arxiv-batch-reporting/SKILL.md +133 -0
  263. package/skills/literature/search/arxiv-cli-tools/SKILL.md +172 -0
  264. package/skills/literature/search/arxiv-osiris/SKILL.md +199 -0
  265. package/skills/literature/search/arxiv-paper-processor/SKILL.md +141 -0
  266. package/skills/literature/search/baidu-scholar-guide/SKILL.md +110 -0
  267. package/skills/literature/search/base-academic-search/SKILL.md +196 -0
  268. package/skills/literature/search/chatpaper-guide/SKILL.md +122 -0
  269. package/skills/literature/search/citeseerx-api/SKILL.md +183 -0
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1
+ ---
2
+ name: history-research-guide
3
+ description: "Historical research from primary sources to scholarly analysis"
4
+ metadata:
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+ openclaw:
6
+ emoji: "📜"
7
+ category: "domains"
8
+ subcategory: "humanities"
9
+ keywords: ["history", "primary sources", "archives", "historiography", "digital humanities", "periodization"]
10
+ source: "https://github.com/historicalsources"
11
+ ---
12
+
13
+ # History Research Guide
14
+
15
+ ## Overview
16
+
17
+ Historical research transforms raw evidence from the past -- documents, artifacts, images, oral testimonies -- into interpretive accounts that explain how and why things happened. The discipline demands a distinctive set of skills: source criticism, archival navigation, contextual reasoning, and the ability to construct arguments that are both evidence-based and theoretically informed.
18
+
19
+ The digital turn has expanded the historian's toolkit dramatically. Digitized archives, text mining, GIS mapping, and network analysis now complement traditional close reading. But the fundamentals remain unchanged: rigorous engagement with primary sources, awareness of historiographical debates, and transparent argumentation.
20
+
21
+ This guide covers the full research workflow for historians: finding and evaluating primary sources, navigating archives (physical and digital), applying source criticism, structuring historical arguments, and leveraging digital tools for analysis. It serves researchers at all levels, from graduate students designing their first archival project to established scholars integrating computational methods.
22
+
23
+ ## Source Criticism: The Foundation
24
+
25
+ ### External Criticism (Authenticity)
26
+
27
+ ```
28
+ Questions to establish source authenticity:
29
+
30
+ 1. PROVENANCE
31
+ - Where did this document come from?
32
+ - What is the chain of custody?
33
+ - Has it been reproduced, translated, or edited?
34
+
35
+ 2. DATING
36
+ - When was it created? (Internal evidence: dates, references to events)
37
+ - Does the material form match the claimed period? (paper, ink, typeface)
38
+ - Are there anachronisms in language or content?
39
+
40
+ 3. AUTHORSHIP
41
+ - Who created it? How do we know?
42
+ - Is the attribution reliable? (Handwriting analysis, stylistic evidence)
43
+ - Could it be pseudonymous or falsely attributed?
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+
45
+ 4. INTEGRITY
46
+ - Is the document complete or fragmentary?
47
+ - Has it been altered, censored, or interpolated?
48
+ - Are there multiple versions? Which is closest to the original?
49
+ ```
50
+
51
+ ### Internal Criticism (Reliability and Meaning)
52
+
53
+ ```
54
+ Questions to interpret source content:
55
+
56
+ 1. CONTEXT
57
+ - What was happening when this was written?
58
+ - What was the author's social position, education, ideology?
59
+ - What genre conventions shaped the document?
60
+
61
+ 2. INTENTION
62
+ - Why was this created? (Inform, persuade, record, entertain)
63
+ - Who was the intended audience?
64
+ - What was the author trying to achieve?
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+
66
+ 3. RELIABILITY
67
+ - Was the author in a position to know what they describe?
68
+ - What biases might shape the account?
69
+ - How does it compare with other sources on the same events?
70
+
71
+ 4. SILENCES
72
+ - What is NOT said? Who is absent from the account?
73
+ - What topics does the source avoid or minimize?
74
+ - What perspectives are excluded?
75
+ ```
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+
77
+ ## Archival Research
78
+
79
+ ### Preparing for the Archive
80
+
81
+ ```
82
+ Pre-visit checklist:
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+
84
+ 1. FINDING AIDS
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+ - Search online catalogs and finding aids before visiting
86
+ - Identify relevant record groups, series, and box numbers
87
+ - Contact the archivist: they know the collection better than anyone
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+
89
+ 2. PRACTICAL PREPARATION
90
+ - Check policies: photography allowed? Laptop permitted?
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+ - Bring: pencils (no pens), laptop, camera, white gloves, notebook
92
+ - Register in advance (many archives require pre-registration)
93
+ - Book a desk (popular archives fill up, especially in summer)
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+
95
+ 3. RESEARCH PLAN
96
+ - Prioritize: You cannot read everything. What is essential?
97
+ - Prepare a list of specific documents, people, dates to search for
98
+ - Allow time for serendipity -- unexpected finds are common
99
+
100
+ 4. DOCUMENTATION
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+ - Record full archival citations for every document:
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+ [Archive Name], [Collection Name], [Series], [Box], [Folder], [Item]
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+ - Photograph everything you might need (storage is cheap)
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+ - Take contextual notes alongside transcriptions
105
+ ```
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+
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+ ### Major Digital Archives
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+
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+ | Archive | Coverage | Access |
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+ |---------|----------|--------|
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+ | Internet Archive | 835B+ web pages, 44M+ books | Free |
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+ | HathiTrust | 17M+ volumes from research libraries | Free (public domain) |
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+ | JSTOR | 12M+ academic articles | Institutional subscription |
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+ | Europeana | 50M+ cultural heritage objects | Free |
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+ | Gallica (BnF) | French national library digitized | Free |
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+ | DPLA | US libraries, archives, museums | Free |
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+ | National Archives (US) | Federal government records | Free |
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+ | British National Archives | UK government records | Free/paid |
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+ | Google Books | Millions of scanned books | Partial free |
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+ | ProQuest Historical Newspapers | Major newspaper archives | Institutional |
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+
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+ ## Historiographical Frameworks
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+
124
+ ### Schools of Historical Thought
125
+
126
+ | School | Key Ideas | Key Figures |
127
+ |--------|-----------|-------------|
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+ | Rankean positivism | "wie es eigentlich gewesen" (as it actually was) | Ranke |
129
+ | Annales School | Longue duree, mentalites, total history | Bloch, Braudel, Le Roy Ladurie |
130
+ | Marxist historiography | Class struggle, mode of production | Thompson, Hobsbawm, Hill |
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+ | Social history | History from below, ordinary people | Thompson, Zinn |
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+ | Cultural history | Representations, meaning, symbols | Darnton, Chartier, Burke |
133
+ | Postcolonial history | Subaltern voices, decolonizing the archive | Said, Spivak, Chakrabarty |
134
+ | Gender history | Gender as analytical category | Scott, Butler |
135
+ | Microhistory | Intensive study of small units | Ginzburg, Davis |
136
+ | Digital history | Computational methods, big data | Moretti, Underwood |
137
+ | Global history | Connected, entangled, transnational | Bayly, Conrad |
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+
139
+ ### Braudel's Three Temporalities
140
+
141
+ ```
142
+ Time layers in historical analysis:
143
+
144
+ 1. LONGUE DUREE (centuries)
145
+ - Geography, climate, demographics
146
+ - Slow structural change
147
+ - Example: Mediterranean trade routes, 500 BCE - 1500 CE
148
+
149
+ 2. CONJUNCTURES (decades)
150
+ - Economic cycles, social trends, institutional change
151
+ - Medium-term patterns
152
+ - Example: Rise and fall of Atlantic slave trade, 1500-1888
153
+
154
+ 3. EVENTS (days to years)
155
+ - Political events, battles, treaties, revolutions
156
+ - Surface history, "l'histoire evenementielle"
157
+ - Example: Fall of the Berlin Wall, November 9, 1989
158
+
159
+ Research tip: Strong historical arguments often operate across
160
+ multiple temporalities simultaneously.
161
+ ```
162
+
163
+ ## Digital Methods for Historians
164
+
165
+ ### Text Mining Historical Sources
166
+
167
+ ```python
168
+ # Example: Word frequency analysis across a corpus of historical documents
169
+ from collections import Counter
170
+ import re
171
+
172
+ def analyze_historical_corpus(texts: list, period_labels: list) -> dict:
173
+ """
174
+ Track keyword frequency across historical periods.
175
+ Useful for tracing conceptual change (Begriffsgeschichte).
176
+ """
177
+ period_counts = {}
178
+ for text, period in zip(texts, period_labels):
179
+ words = re.findall(r'\b[a-z]+\b', text.lower())
180
+ if period not in period_counts:
181
+ period_counts[period] = Counter()
182
+ period_counts[period].update(words)
183
+
184
+ return period_counts
185
+
186
+ # Track usage of key concepts over time
187
+ def track_concept(period_counts: dict, concept_terms: list) -> dict:
188
+ """Track normalized frequency of concept terms across periods."""
189
+ results = {}
190
+ for period, counts in sorted(period_counts.items()):
191
+ total = sum(counts.values())
192
+ concept_freq = sum(counts.get(term, 0) for term in concept_terms)
193
+ results[period] = {
194
+ "raw_count": concept_freq,
195
+ "per_million": (concept_freq / total) * 1_000_000 if total > 0 else 0,
196
+ }
197
+ return results
198
+
199
+ # Example: Track "liberty" vs. "order" in political texts
200
+ # liberty_trend = track_concept(corpus, ["liberty", "freedom", "rights"])
201
+ # order_trend = track_concept(corpus, ["order", "authority", "stability"])
202
+ ```
203
+
204
+ ### GIS for Historical Analysis
205
+
206
+ ```
207
+ Applications of GIS in historical research:
208
+
209
+ - Mapping migration patterns (transatlantic slave trade routes)
210
+ - Spatial analysis of urban development (Paris renovation, 1853-1870)
211
+ - Battle reconstruction (troop movements, terrain analysis)
212
+ - Disease mapping (John Snow's cholera map, modernized)
213
+ - Trade network visualization (Silk Road, maritime routes)
214
+ - Land use change over time (enclosure, deforestation)
215
+
216
+ Tools: QGIS (free), ArcGIS, Google Earth Engine
217
+ Data: HGIS (Historical GIS), Natural Earth, GADM
218
+ ```
219
+
220
+ ## Writing Historical Research
221
+
222
+ ```
223
+ Article structure (American Historical Review style):
224
+
225
+ 1. OPENING (1-2 pages)
226
+ - Narrative opening or striking primary source quotation
227
+ - Situate within historiographical debate
228
+ - Thesis statement (explicit and arguable)
229
+
230
+ 2. BODY (15-25 pages)
231
+ - Organized chronologically OR thematically
232
+ - Each section advances the argument
233
+ - Primary source evidence drives every claim
234
+ - Engage with counterarguments and alternative interpretations
235
+ - Footnotes: full citations, also substantive discussion
236
+
237
+ 3. CONCLUSION (1-2 pages)
238
+ - Restate thesis in light of evidence presented
239
+ - Broader implications for the field
240
+ - Open questions for future research
241
+
242
+ Citation style: Chicago Manual of Style (notes-bibliography)
243
+ ```
244
+
245
+ ## Best Practices
246
+
247
+ - **Always return to the primary source.** Secondary sources summarize; primary sources surprise.
248
+ - **Triangulate.** Use multiple independent sources to corroborate claims.
249
+ - **Historicize your categories.** "Democracy," "race," "the state" meant different things in different periods.
250
+ - **Acknowledge what the sources cannot tell you.** Silence is data.
251
+ - **Read against the grain.** Sources reveal not just what they intend but what they take for granted.
252
+ - **Cite archival sources precisely.** Other researchers must be able to find the same document.
253
+
254
+ ## References
255
+
256
+ - Bloch, M. (1953). The Historian's Craft. Vintage Books.
257
+ - Tosh, J. (2015). The Pursuit of History: Aims, Methods and New Directions. Routledge, 6th ed.
258
+ - [Zotero](https://www.zotero.org/) -- Reference management with Chicago style support
259
+ - [Internet Archive](https://archive.org/) -- Universal access to human knowledge
260
+ - [Programming Historian](https://programminghistorian.org/) -- Digital methods tutorials for historians
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
1
+ ---
2
+ name: political-history-guide
3
+ description: "Chinese and European political struggle history and comparative analysis"
4
+ metadata:
5
+ openclaw:
6
+ emoji: "🗳️"
7
+ category: "domains"
8
+ subcategory: "humanities"
9
+ keywords: ["political history", "comparative politics", "Chinese history", "European history", "state formation", "revolution"]
10
+ source: "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/political-history/"
11
+ ---
12
+
13
+ # Political History Guide
14
+
15
+ ## Overview
16
+
17
+ Political history examines the struggle for power, the formation of states, the dynamics of revolution and reform, and the evolution of political ideas across time and space. This guide focuses on comparative political history, drawing on Chinese and European traditions to illuminate how different civilizations have organized political authority, managed conflict, and theorized the relationship between rulers and ruled.
18
+
19
+ Comparing Chinese and European political development is one of the most productive exercises in historical social science. Both civilizations produced sophisticated state systems, bureaucratic administrations, and political philosophies -- but through radically different paths. Understanding these divergences helps researchers avoid Eurocentric assumptions and develop more robust theories of political change.
20
+
21
+ This guide covers key periods and themes in both traditions, methods for comparative historical analysis, and the theoretical frameworks that scholars use to explain political transformation. It is designed for researchers working on political history, comparative politics, historical sociology, or area studies who need to engage with both traditions.
22
+
23
+ ## Chinese Political History: Key Periods
24
+
25
+ ### Imperial State Formation
26
+
27
+ | Period | Key Development | Significance |
28
+ |--------|----------------|--------------|
29
+ | Warring States (475-221 BCE) | Competing state systems, Legalism | Earliest bureaucratic experiments |
30
+ | Qin Unification (221-206 BCE) | Centralized empire, standardization | Template for imperial governance |
31
+ | Han Dynasty (206 BCE-220 CE) | Confucian-Legalist synthesis, civil service | "Confucianization" of the state |
32
+ | Tang Dynasty (618-907) | Imperial examination system, cosmopolitan empire | Meritocratic bureaucracy matured |
33
+ | Song Dynasty (960-1279) | Neo-Confucianism, commercial revolution | Civilian-military tension, reform debates |
34
+ | Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) | Autocratic centralization, eunuch politics | Limits of centralization |
35
+ | Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) | Multi-ethnic empire, late reform crisis | Confrontation with modernity |
36
+
37
+ ### Political Struggle in Late Imperial China
38
+
39
+ ```
40
+ The Wang Anshi Reforms (1069-1076) -- Paradigmatic reform struggle:
41
+
42
+ REFORMERS (New Policies faction):
43
+ - Wang Anshi, chief architect
44
+ - Goal: Strengthen the state against Jurchen/Liao military threat
45
+ - Policies: State loans to farmers, militia system, merchant taxes,
46
+ reform of examination content
47
+
48
+ CONSERVATIVES (Old Policies faction):
49
+ - Sima Guang, Su Shi, Ouyang Xiu
50
+ - Goal: Preserve Confucian moral governance, limit state intervention
51
+ - Argument: State activism corrupts both officials and people
52
+
53
+ DYNAMICS:
54
+ 1. Emperor Shenzong backs Wang Anshi (1069)
55
+ 2. Conservatives purged from court
56
+ 3. Policies implemented with mixed results
57
+ 4. Emperor dies (1085), conservatives recalled
58
+ 5. Reform faction returns (1094), purges conservatives
59
+ 6. Cycle of factional purges weakens Northern Song
60
+
61
+ ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK:
62
+ - Not simply "progressive vs. conservative"
63
+ - Two competing visions of state-society relations
64
+ - Both grounded in Confucian political philosophy
65
+ - Structural issue: factional competition without institutional checks
66
+ ```
67
+
68
+ ## European Political History: Key Periods
69
+
70
+ ### State Formation and Political Struggle
71
+
72
+ | Period | Key Development | Significance |
73
+ |--------|----------------|--------------|
74
+ | Athenian democracy (5th c. BCE) | Direct democracy, citizen participation | Foundational political model |
75
+ | Roman Republic/Empire | Republican institutions, imperial autocracy | Mixed constitution theory |
76
+ | Feudalism (9th-15th c.) | Decentralized authority, vassal obligations | Fragmented sovereignty |
77
+ | Magna Carta (1215) | Limited royal authority | Constitutional principle |
78
+ | Protestant Reformation (16th c.) | Religious wars, cuius regio | Sovereignty and conscience |
79
+ | English Civil War (1642-1651) | Parliamentary sovereignty | Constitutionalism vs. absolutism |
80
+ | French Revolution (1789) | Popular sovereignty, rights of man | Democratic revolution template |
81
+ | 1848 Revolutions | Liberal nationalism, class conflict | Limits of liberal revolution |
82
+ | Welfare state (20th c.) | Social rights, managed capitalism | State-market-society bargain |
83
+
84
+ ### The French Revolution: Anatomy of Political Struggle
85
+
86
+ ```
87
+ Phases of revolutionary escalation:
88
+
89
+ 1. FISCAL CRISIS (1787-1789)
90
+ - State bankruptcy from war debts
91
+ - Estates-General convened (first since 1614)
92
+ - Third Estate declares National Assembly
93
+
94
+ 2. LIBERAL REVOLUTION (1789-1791)
95
+ - Declaration of the Rights of Man
96
+ - Constitutional monarchy
97
+ - Abolition of feudal privileges
98
+
99
+ 3. RADICALIZATION (1792-1794)
100
+ - War with Austria and Prussia
101
+ - Republic declared, king executed
102
+ - Committee of Public Safety, Terror
103
+ - Factional struggle: Girondins vs. Jacobins vs. sans-culottes
104
+
105
+ 4. THERMIDORIAN REACTION (1794-1799)
106
+ - Fall of Robespierre
107
+ - Conservative republic (Directory)
108
+ - Military coup by Napoleon (1799)
109
+
110
+ ANALYTICAL TAKEAWAYS:
111
+ - Revolutions rarely achieve their initial goals
112
+ - Radicalization driven by external war + internal factional competition
113
+ - "Revolutionary devouring its children" pattern
114
+ - Fiscal crisis as trigger, but ideology shapes trajectory
115
+ ```
116
+
117
+ ## Comparative Analysis
118
+
119
+ ### Divergence in State Formation
120
+
121
+ ```
122
+ Why did China centralize early while Europe remained fragmented?
123
+
124
+ CHINESE CENTRALIZATION:
125
+ - Geographic: North China Plain enabled large-scale agriculture and armies
126
+ - Ideological: Mandate of Heaven legitimized universal rule
127
+ - Administrative: Examination system created loyalist bureaucracy
128
+ - Economic: State monopolies (salt, iron) funded centralization
129
+
130
+ EUROPEAN FRAGMENTATION:
131
+ - Geographic: Mountains, seas, rivers created defensible boundaries
132
+ - Ideological: Church vs. state dual authority
133
+ - Administrative: Feudal loyalties vs. centralized bureaucracy
134
+ - Economic: Commercial city-states resisted centralization
135
+
136
+ COMPARATIVE INSIGHT:
137
+ Neither path is "superior" -- each produced distinctive political capacities:
138
+ - China: Administrative efficiency, cultural unity, but brittle to dynastic collapse
139
+ - Europe: Innovation through competition, but chronic warfare and instability
140
+ ```
141
+
142
+ ### Comparative Methods
143
+
144
+ | Method | Description | Example |
145
+ |--------|-------------|---------|
146
+ | Mill's Method of Difference | Same outcome, different conditions | Why revolution in France but not England? |
147
+ | Mill's Method of Agreement | Different contexts, same outcome | Revolutions in France, Russia, China |
148
+ | Process tracing | Causal mechanisms within a case | How fiscal crisis led to revolution |
149
+ | Path dependence | Early choices constrain later options | Examination system locks in bureaucratic model |
150
+ | Critical junctures | Moments of structural contingency | 1911: Qing collapse opens multiple paths |
151
+ | Counterfactual analysis | "What if" reasoning | What if Wang Anshi reforms had succeeded? |
152
+
153
+ ### Comparative Political Concepts
154
+
155
+ ```
156
+ Concepts that translate across traditions (with caution):
157
+
158
+ LEGITIMACY
159
+ - Chinese: Mandate of Heaven (tianming 天命) -- cosmic-moral authority
160
+ - European: Social contract -- consent of the governed
161
+ - Both: Performance-based (good governance sustains legitimacy)
162
+ - Divergence: Hereditary vs. meritocratic principles
163
+
164
+ BUREAUCRACY
165
+ - Chinese: Scholar-officials selected by examination
166
+ - European: Patrimonial officeholders → Weberian rational bureaucracy
167
+ - Both: Tension between expertise and political loyalty
168
+ - Key difference: China 1000+ years earlier
169
+
170
+ POLITICAL OPPOSITION
171
+ - Chinese: Remonstrance (jian 谏) -- loyal criticism within the system
172
+ - European: Institutionalized opposition (parliament, parties)
173
+ - Both: Risk of punishment for dissent
174
+ - Key difference: Legitimate organized opposition vs. individual moral courage
175
+
176
+ REVOLUTION
177
+ - Chinese: Dynastic cycle (geming 革命 = change of mandate)
178
+ - European: Progressive transformation (revolution as social rupture)
179
+ - Both: Violence as mechanism of political change
180
+ - Key difference: Cyclical vs. linear models of change
181
+ ```
182
+
183
+ ## Research Methods for Political History
184
+
185
+ ### Archival Sources for Political History
186
+
187
+ ```
188
+ Chinese political history sources:
189
+ - Veritable Records (shilu 实录): Official court records
190
+ - Standard Histories (zhengshi 正史): 24 dynastic histories
191
+ - Memorials (zouzhe 奏折): Official communications to the emperor
192
+ - Local gazetteers (difangzhi 地方志): Provincial/county records
193
+ - Private collections (wenji 文集): Literati writings and correspondence
194
+
195
+ European political history sources:
196
+ - Parliamentary records (Hansard, Archives parlementaires)
197
+ - Diplomatic correspondence (state papers, foreign office files)
198
+ - Police and intelligence reports
199
+ - Pamphlets and political press
200
+ - Personal papers of political actors
201
+ - Constitutional and legal documents
202
+ ```
203
+
204
+ ## Writing Comparative Political History
205
+
206
+ ```
207
+ Structure for a comparative article:
208
+
209
+ 1. INTRODUCTION: Present the comparison and why it matters
210
+ 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: State your analytical categories
211
+ 3. CASE 1: Detailed analysis (e.g., Chinese reform)
212
+ 4. CASE 2: Detailed analysis (e.g., European reform)
213
+ 5. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: Systematic comparison
214
+ - Similarities explained
215
+ - Differences explained
216
+ - Theoretical implications
217
+ 6. CONCLUSION: What does the comparison teach us?
218
+
219
+ Common pitfalls:
220
+ - Treating one case as the "norm" and the other as "deviant"
221
+ - Superficial comparison (listing similarities without analysis)
222
+ - Ignoring the internal diversity within each case
223
+ - Anachronism: applying modern concepts to pre-modern societies
224
+ ```
225
+
226
+ ## Best Practices
227
+
228
+ - **Learn the languages.** Serious comparative work requires reading sources in the original.
229
+ - **Avoid teleology.** Do not explain the past as inevitably leading to the present.
230
+ - **Historicize your categories.** "State," "class," "revolution" meant different things in different times and places.
231
+ - **Engage with area studies scholarship.** Comparativists must respect the depth of specialist knowledge.
232
+ - **Be explicit about your units of comparison.** What exactly is being compared, and at what level?
233
+ - **Acknowledge asymmetries.** Chinese and European archives have different biases, gaps, and preservation histories.
234
+
235
+ ## References
236
+
237
+ - Skocpol, T. (1979). States and Social Revolutions. Cambridge UP.
238
+ - Tilly, C. (1992). Coercion, Capital, and European States. Wiley-Blackwell.
239
+ - Zhao, D. (2015). The Confucian-Legalist State: A New Theory of Chinese History. Oxford UP.
240
+ - Fukuyama, F. (2011). The Origins of Political Order. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
241
+ - [Cambridge History of China](https://www.cambridge.org/core/series/cambridge-history-of-china/) -- Standard reference
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
1
+ ---
2
+ name: caselaw-access-api
3
+ description: "Query 360+ years of US case law via the Harvard Caselaw Access Project"
4
+ metadata:
5
+ openclaw:
6
+ emoji: "⚖️"
7
+ category: "domains"
8
+ subcategory: "law"
9
+ keywords: ["case law", "legal database", "court opinions", "Harvard law", "judicial data", "legal research"]
10
+ source: "https://case.law/"
11
+ ---
12
+
13
+ # Caselaw Access Project API
14
+
15
+ ## Overview
16
+
17
+ The Caselaw Access Project (CAP) by Harvard Law School provides free access to 6.9 million US court opinions spanning 360+ years. The REST API enables searching, filtering, and downloading full-text case opinions from all federal and state courts. No authentication required for metadata; API key (free registration) required for full text of post-1923 cases.
18
+
19
+ ## API Endpoints
20
+
21
+ ### Base URL
22
+
23
+ ```
24
+ https://api.case.law/v1/
25
+ ```
26
+
27
+ ### Cases
28
+
29
+ ```bash
30
+ # Search cases by keyword
31
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/cases/?search=free+speech&decision_date_min=2020-01-01"
32
+
33
+ # Get a specific case by ID
34
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/cases/12345678/"
35
+
36
+ # Filter by jurisdiction and court
37
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/cases/?jurisdiction=us&court=us-sup-ct&search=miranda+rights"
38
+
39
+ # Filter by date range
40
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/cases/?decision_date_min=2015-01-01&decision_date_max=2025-12-31"
41
+
42
+ # Get full text (requires API key for post-1923)
43
+ curl -H "Authorization: Token YOUR_API_KEY" \
44
+ "https://api.case.law/v1/cases/12345678/?full_case=true"
45
+ ```
46
+
47
+ ### Query Parameters
48
+
49
+ | Parameter | Description | Example |
50
+ |-----------|-------------|---------|
51
+ | `search` | Full-text search | `search=due+process` |
52
+ | `jurisdiction` | Filter by jurisdiction slug | `jurisdiction=cal` (California) |
53
+ | `court` | Filter by court slug | `court=us-sup-ct` |
54
+ | `decision_date_min` | Earliest date | `decision_date_min=2020-01-01` |
55
+ | `decision_date_max` | Latest date | `decision_date_max=2025-12-31` |
56
+ | `cite` | Search by citation | `cite=410+U.S.+113` |
57
+ | `name_abbreviation` | Case name | `name_abbreviation=Roe+v.+Wade` |
58
+ | `ordering` | Sort results | `ordering=-decision_date` |
59
+ | `page_size` | Results per page (max 100) | `page_size=50` |
60
+ | `full_case` | Include full text | `full_case=true` |
61
+
62
+ ### Courts and Jurisdictions
63
+
64
+ ```bash
65
+ # List all courts
66
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/courts/"
67
+
68
+ # List all jurisdictions
69
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/jurisdictions/"
70
+
71
+ # List all reporters (case report series)
72
+ curl "https://api.case.law/v1/reporters/"
73
+ ```
74
+
75
+ ## Python Usage
76
+
77
+ ```python
78
+ import requests
79
+
80
+ BASE_URL = "https://api.case.law/v1"
81
+
82
+ def search_cases(query: str, jurisdiction: str = None,
83
+ court: str = None, max_results: int = 20) -> list:
84
+ """Search US case law."""
85
+ params = {"search": query, "page_size": min(max_results, 100)}
86
+ if jurisdiction:
87
+ params["jurisdiction"] = jurisdiction
88
+ if court:
89
+ params["court"] = court
90
+
91
+ resp = requests.get(f"{BASE_URL}/cases/", params=params)
92
+ resp.raise_for_status()
93
+ data = resp.json()
94
+
95
+ cases = []
96
+ for case in data.get("results", []):
97
+ cases.append({
98
+ "id": case["id"],
99
+ "name": case["name_abbreviation"],
100
+ "citation": case["citations"][0]["cite"] if case.get("citations") else None,
101
+ "court": case["court"]["name"],
102
+ "date": case["decision_date"],
103
+ "url": case["frontend_url"]
104
+ })
105
+ return cases
106
+
107
+ # Search Supreme Court cases
108
+ results = search_cases("fourth amendment", court="us-sup-ct")
109
+ for case in results:
110
+ print(f"{case['citation']}: {case['name']} ({case['date']})")
111
+ ```
112
+
113
+ ## Bulk Data Access
114
+
115
+ For large-scale research, download bulk datasets instead of querying the API:
116
+
117
+ ```bash
118
+ # Bulk data available at:
119
+ # https://case.law/bulk/download/
120
+ # Formats: JSON (full case data) or text-only
121
+ # Organized by jurisdiction and reporter
122
+ ```
123
+
124
+ ## Key Jurisdictions
125
+
126
+ | Slug | Jurisdiction | Cases |
127
+ |------|-------------|-------|
128
+ | `us` | Federal (all) | ~1.5M |
129
+ | `us-sup-ct` | US Supreme Court | ~65K |
130
+ | `cal` | California | ~500K |
131
+ | `ny` | New York | ~600K |
132
+ | `tex` | Texas | ~300K |
133
+ | `ill` | Illinois | ~250K |
134
+
135
+ ## Authentication
136
+
137
+ ```
138
+ 1. Register at https://case.law/user/register/
139
+ 2. Get API token from your account page
140
+ 3. Include in requests: Authorization: Token YOUR_TOKEN
141
+ ```
142
+
143
+ Free accounts get full text for pre-1923 cases. Post-1923 full text requires an API token (still free).
144
+
145
+ ## References
146
+
147
+ - [CAP API Documentation](https://case.law/api/)
148
+ - [CAP Bulk Data](https://case.law/bulk/download/)
149
+ - [Harvard Library Innovation Lab](https://lil.law.harvard.edu/)