@torrent-tv/proxy 2.87.10 → 2.87.11

package/test/local-encoding-data.test.js

@@ -1,273 +1,273 @@
-/**
- * @file Step 14 of roadmap item 97: which modes this machine may encode with,
- * what each costs at every size, and what the proxy keeps between runs about
- * its own admitted encodes — all on fakes. Nothing here runs ffmpeg, starts a
- * torrent client or touches a swarm; the one file written is in a temporary
- * directory.
- */
-
-import test from "node:test";
-import assert from "node:assert/strict";
-import { mkdtempSync, readFileSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
-import os from "node:os";
-import path from "node:path";
-import {
-  configurationKeyOf,
-  kindOfEncoderName,
-  parseFfmpegVersion,
-  parseNvidiaSmi,
-  parseX264Version,
-  UNKNOWN
-} from "../services/encode/fingerprint.js";
-import { interpolationErrorOf, throughputAt } from "../services/encode/throughput.js";
-import { calibrateEncoder, HostCalibration } from "../services/encode/calibration.js";
-import { canSustainOutput, pickSoftwarePreset } from "../services/encode/hwaccel.js";
-import { contentOf, LocalObservations } from "../services/encode/LocalObservations.js";
-import { OutputSpec, VideoOutput, CutGrid } from "../services/encode/output/index.js";
-import { PEAK_CLASS, videoLoadOfSpec } from "../services/encode/quality/link-budget.js";
-import { SoftwareEncoder } from "../services/encode/SoftwareEncoder.js";
-import { NvencEncoder } from "../services/encode/NvencEncoder.js";
-
-const FINGERPRINT = Object.freeze({
-  ffmpeg: "8.1.2",
-  x264: "core 164 r3108 31e19f9",
-  cpu: "Cortex-A72",
-  threads: 4,
-  devices: { vaapi: { model: "0x8086:0x9a49", driver: "i915 (kernel 6.6.31)" } }
-});
-
-/** A re-encoded picture's spec, the way `OutputOpening` builds one. */
-function specAt({ encoder = "libx264", width = 1280, height = 720, fps = 24, preset = "veryfast", rateControl = null } = {}) {
-  return new OutputSpec({
-    sourceKey: "src",
-    segmentFormatId: "fmp4",
-    grid: new CutGrid({ kind: "uniform", fileIndex: 0 }),
-    video: new VideoOutput({ fileIndex: 0, encode: { encoder, width, height, fps, preset, tonemap: false, rateControl } }),
-    audio: null
-  });
-}
-
-// --- The configuration key -------------------------------------------------
-
-test("the builds and devices are read out of what the tools print", () => {
-  assert.equal(parseFfmpegVersion("ffmpeg version 8.1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2025\nbuilt with gcc"), "8.1.2");
-  assert.equal(parseFfmpegVersion("garbage"), UNKNOWN);
-  const stream = Buffer.from("\0\0\x01\x06\x05x264 - core 164 r3108 31e19f9 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec", "latin1");
-  assert.equal(parseX264Version(stream), "core 164 r3108 31e19f9");
-  assert.equal(parseX264Version(Buffer.from("no version here")), UNKNOWN);
-  assert.deepEqual(parseNvidiaSmi("NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada Generation, 550.54.14\n"), {
-    model: "NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada Generation",
-    driver: "550.54.14"
-  });
-  assert.equal(kindOfEncoderName("h264_nvenc"), "nvenc");
-  assert.equal(kindOfEncoderName("libx264"), "software");
-});
-
-test("a driver update invalidates what a device was seen doing, and nothing about software", () => {
-  const vaapi = { name: "h264_vaapi", kind: "vaapi" };
-  const software = { name: "libx264", kind: "software" };
-  const updated = { ...FINGERPRINT, devices: { vaapi: { model: "0x8086:0x9a49", driver: "i915 (kernel 6.8.0)" } } };
-  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, vaapi), configurationKeyOf(updated, vaapi));
-  assert.equal(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf(updated, software));
-  // Another x264 build or another thread count is another software configuration.
-  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf({ ...FINGERPRINT, threads: 14 }, software));
-  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf({ ...FINGERPRINT, x264: "core 165" }, software));
-});
-
-// --- Throughput by size ----------------------------------------------------
-
-const READINGS = [
-  { width: 256, height: 144, pixelsPerSec: 40e6 },
-  { width: 640, height: 360, pixelsPerSec: 36e6 },
-  { width: 1280, height: 720, pixelsPerSec: 30e6 }
-];
-
-test("a size is priced from the readings around it, lowered by the error measured for interpolating", () => {
-  const error = interpolationErrorOf(READINGS);
-  assert.ok(error !== null && error >= 0, "three readings give a measured bound");
-  const entry = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: error };
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 640, height: 360 }), 36e6, "a size read is its own reading");
-  const between = throughputAt(entry, { width: 854, height: 480 });
-  assert.ok(between < 36e6 && between > 30e6 * (1 - error), `between the two readings, got ${between}`);
-});
-
-test("a size beyond what was read is not a size this machine has shown it can do", () => {
-  const entry = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 };
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 1920, height: 1080 }), null);
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 128, height: 72 }), null);
-  // Two readings measure no interpolation error: only the sizes read are known.
-  const two = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS.slice(0, 2), interpolationError: null };
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(two, { width: 426, height: 240 }), null);
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(two, { width: 640, height: 360 }), 36e6);
-  // An entry with no readings by size answers with its one figure, as before.
-  assert.equal(throughputAt({ preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 5e6 }, { width: 1920, height: 1080 }), 5e6);
-});
-
-test("the offer does not keep a rung at a size no mode was measured at", () => {
-  const benchmark = [{ preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 }];
-  const at1080 = canSustainOutput({ benchmark, outputPixelsPerSec: 1920 * 1080 * 24, frame: { width: 1920, height: 1080 } });
-  assert.deepEqual(at1080, { speed: null, sustainable: false });
-  // The same mode at a size it WAS read at, with decoding priced: 30 Mpx/s
-  // against 1280x720x24 is 1.36x, and a decode at 10x leaves 1.19x.
-  const at720 = canSustainOutput({
-    benchmark,
-    outputPixelsPerSec: 1280 * 720 * 24,
-    frame: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
-    observedDecodeCostSec: 0.1
-  });
-  assert.equal(at720.sustainable, true);
-  assert.ok(Math.abs(at720.speed - 1 / (0.1 + (1280 * 720 * 24) / 30e6)) < 1e-9);
-});
-
-test("a preset not measured at a size is not chosen there", () => {
-  const benchmark = [
-    { preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 20e6, bySize: READINGS.slice(0, 2), interpolationError: null },
-    { preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 60e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 }
-  ];
-  assert.equal(pickSoftwarePreset(benchmark, 1280 * 720 * 24, {}, { width: 1280, height: 720 }), "ultrafast");
-});
-
-// --- The calibration walk --------------------------------------------------
-
-/**
- * A calibration with every reading replaced: `speeds` maps "rung@WxH" to how
- * many times realtime that mode encodes there, `failing` the rungs whose
- * segments do not decode.
- */
-async function calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds, failing = [] }) {
-  const asked = [];
-  const result = await calibrateEncoder({
-    ffmpegBin: "never-run",
-    encoder,
-    measure: {
-      check: async ({ rung }) => (failing.includes(rung)
-        ? { ok: false, reason: "a segment does not decode", segmentKbps: null }
-        : { ok: true, reason: "", segmentKbps: { averageKbps: 900, peakKbps: 1400 } }),
-      rawFrames: async (frame) => `raw-${frame.width}x${frame.height}`,
-      speed: async (rung, rawPath, frame) => {
-        asked.push(`${rung}@${frame.width}x${frame.height}`);
-        return speeds[`${rung}@${frame.width}x${frame.height}`] ?? null;
-      },
-      release: () => {}
-    }
-  });
-  return { ...result, asked };
-}
-
-test("a mode whose segments do not decode is not used at all", async () => {
-  const encoder = new SoftwareEncoder();
-  const speeds = {};
-  for (const rung of encoder.selectableRungs) {
-    for (const size of ["256x144", "640x360", "1280x720", "1920x1080", "3840x2160"]) {
-      speeds[`${rung}@${size}`] = 2;
-    }
-  }
-  const { modes, refused } = await calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds, failing: ["faster"] });
-  assert.ok(!modes.some((mode) => mode.preset === "faster"));
-  assert.ok(refused.some((one) => one.preset === "faster" && /decode/.test(one.reason)));
-  assert.equal(modes.length, encoder.selectableRungs.length - 1);
-});
-
-test("slower modes are not read where a faster one fell behind, nor larger sizes where the fastest did", async () => {
-  const encoder = new SoftwareEncoder();
-  const speeds = {
-    "ultrafast@256x144": 20, "superfast@256x144": 15, "veryfast@256x144": 10, "faster@256x144": 8, "fast@256x144": 6,
-    "ultrafast@640x360": 6, "superfast@640x360": 4, "veryfast@640x360": 0.8,
-    "ultrafast@1280x720": 0.9
-  };
-  const { modes, asked } = await calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds });
-  assert.ok(!asked.includes("faster@640x360"), "a mode slower than one that fell behind is not read");
-  assert.ok(!asked.some((one) => one.endsWith("@1920x1080")), "a size larger than one the fastest could not hold is not read");
-  const ultrafast = modes.find((mode) => mode.preset === "ultrafast");
-  assert.deepEqual(ultrafast.bySize.map((reading) => `${reading.width}x${reading.height}`), ["256x144", "640x360", "1280x720"]);
-  assert.equal(ultrafast.pixelsPerSec, 640 * 360 * 24 * 6, "the reference figure is the 640x360 reading");
-  const fast = modes.find((mode) => mode.preset === "fast");
-  assert.equal(throughputAt(fast, { width: 640, height: 360 }), null, "fast was never read at 640x360");
-});
-
-test("a device is calibrated only at the one setting its arguments pass", () => {
-  assert.deepEqual(new NvencEncoder().selectableRungs, ["p4"]);
-  assert.ok(new NvencEncoder().buildVideoArgs({ targetWidth: 1280, targetHeight: 720, segmentDurationSec: 4 }).includes("p4"));
-});
-
-test("the modes of the encoder in use are what prices, and software is kept for the fallback", () => {
-  const calibration = new HostCalibration({ byKind: { vaapi: [{ preset: "h264_vaapi", pixelsPerSec: 1 }], software: [] }, fingerprint: FINGERPRINT });
-  assert.equal(calibration.modesFor("vaapi").length, 1);
-  assert.deepEqual(calibration.modesFor("software"), [], "calibrated, nothing qualified");
-  assert.equal(calibration.modesFor("nvenc"), null, "not calibrated at all");
-});
-
-// --- Local observations ----------------------------------------------------
-
-test("what is kept applies only on the configuration it was seen on, and survives a restart on it", () => {
-  const directory = mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ttv-observations-"));
-  const filePath = path.join(directory, "local-observations.json");
-  try {
-    const first = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
-    const content = { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 8 };
-    first.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content, aloneSpeedX: 1.7, segmentKbps: { averageKbps: 2100, peakKbps: 3900 } });
-    first.notePreparation({ spec: specAt(), seconds: 6.5, bufferedSec: 41 });
-
-    const software = configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" });
-    const again = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
-    again.load([software]);
-    assert.equal(again.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), content), 1.7);
-    assert.equal(again.peakMbps(specAt()), 3.9);
-    assert.equal(again.longestPreparationSec(specAt()), 6.5);
-
-    // Another libx264 build: nothing kept matches, and the file is rewritten without it.
-    const rebuilt = { ...FINGERPRINT, x264: "core 165 r3200 abc" };
-    const afterUpdate = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: rebuilt, filePath });
-    afterUpdate.load([configurationKeyOf(rebuilt, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" })]);
-    assert.equal(afterUpdate.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), content), null);
-    assert.equal(afterUpdate.peakMbps(specAt()), null);
-    assert.equal(JSON.parse(readFileSync(filePath, "utf8")).entries.speed && Object.keys(JSON.parse(readFileSync(filePath, "utf8")).entries.speed).length, 0);
-  } finally {
-    rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  }
-});
-
-test("a speed seen on easier material is not applied to harder material, and the slowest comparable one is used", () => {
-  const observations = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath: "" });
-  const light = { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 4 };
-  const heavy = { ...light, megabitsPerSecond: 12 };
-  observations.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content: light, aloneSpeedX: 2.4, segmentKbps: null });
-  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), heavy), null, "a lighter source says nothing about a heavier one");
-  observations.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content: heavy, aloneSpeedX: 1.3, segmentKbps: null });
-  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), light), 1.3, "both apply to the lighter source, and the slower wins");
-  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), { ...light, codec: "h264" }), null, "another codec is not comparable");
-  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt({ preset: "fast" }), light), null, "another mode is not this one");
-});
-
-test("an encoder with no bound of its own takes the peak seen, as an estimate and never as a bound", () => {
-  const hardware = specAt({ encoder: "h264_vaapi", preset: null });
-  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(hardware, null).peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.UNKNOWN);
-  const seen = videoLoadOfSpec(hardware, null, 5.2);
-  assert.equal(seen.peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.ESTIMATED);
-  assert.equal(seen.mbps, 5.2);
-  // A bound the encoder is held to is never replaced by what was seen.
-  const bounded = specAt({ rateControl: { maxrateKbps: 3900, bufsizeKbps: 4500, level: "3.1" } });
-  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(bounded, null, 9.9).peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.KNOWN);
-  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(bounded, null, 9.9).mbps, 3.9);
-});
-
-test("a file of another shape is not read as observations", () => {
-  const directory = mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ttv-observations-"));
-  const filePath = path.join(directory, "local-observations.json");
-  try {
-    writeFileSync(filePath, JSON.stringify({ version: 0, entries: { speed: { x: [1] } } }));
-    const observations = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
-    observations.load([configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" })]);
-    assert.equal(observations.peakMbps(specAt()), null);
-  } finally {
-    rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
-  }
-});
-
-test("what an encode was made from is described by the file's own facts", () => {
-  assert.deepEqual(
-    contentOf({ width: 1920, height: 1080, decode: { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, megabitsPerSecond: 8, megapixelsPerSecond: 50 } }),
-    { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 8 }
-  );
-  assert.equal(contentOf({ width: 0, height: 0, decode: null }), null);
-});
+/**
+ * @file Step 14 of roadmap item 97: which modes this machine may encode with,
+ * what each costs at every size, and what the proxy keeps between runs about
+ * its own admitted encodes — all on fakes. Nothing here runs ffmpeg, starts a
+ * torrent client or touches a swarm; the one file written is in a temporary
+ * directory.
+ */
+
+import test from "node:test";
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { mkdtempSync, readFileSync, rmSync, writeFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import {
+  configurationKeyOf,
+  kindOfEncoderName,
+  parseFfmpegVersion,
+  parseNvidiaSmi,
+  parseX264Version,
+  UNKNOWN
+} from "../services/encode/fingerprint.js";
+import { interpolationErrorOf, throughputAt } from "../services/encode/throughput.js";
+import { calibrateEncoder, HostCalibration } from "../services/encode/calibration.js";
+import { canSustainOutput, pickSoftwarePreset } from "../services/encode/hwaccel.js";
+import { contentOf, LocalObservations } from "../services/encode/LocalObservations.js";
+import { OutputSpec, VideoOutput, CutGrid } from "../services/encode/output/index.js";
+import { PEAK_CLASS, videoLoadOfSpec } from "../services/encode/quality/link-budget.js";
+import { SoftwareEncoder } from "../services/encode/SoftwareEncoder.js";
+import { NvencEncoder } from "../services/encode/NvencEncoder.js";
+
+const FINGERPRINT = Object.freeze({
+  ffmpeg: "8.1.2",
+  x264: "core 164 r3108 31e19f9",
+  cpu: "Cortex-A72",
+  threads: 4,
+  devices: { vaapi: { model: "0x8086:0x9a49", driver: "i915 (kernel 6.6.31)" } }
+});
+
+/** A re-encoded picture's spec, the way `OutputOpening` builds one. */
+function specAt({ encoder = "libx264", width = 1280, height = 720, fps = 24, preset = "veryfast", rateControl = null } = {}) {
+  return new OutputSpec({
+    sourceKey: "src",
+    segmentFormatId: "fmp4",
+    grid: new CutGrid({ kind: "uniform", fileIndex: 0 }),
+    video: new VideoOutput({ fileIndex: 0, encode: { encoder, width, height, fps, preset, tonemap: false, rateControl } }),
+    audio: null
+  });
+}
+
+// --- The configuration key -------------------------------------------------
+
+test("the builds and devices are read out of what the tools print", () => {
+  assert.equal(parseFfmpegVersion("ffmpeg version 8.1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2025\nbuilt with gcc"), "8.1.2");
+  assert.equal(parseFfmpegVersion("garbage"), UNKNOWN);
+  const stream = Buffer.from("\0\0\x01\x06\x05x264 - core 164 r3108 31e19f9 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec", "latin1");
+  assert.equal(parseX264Version(stream), "core 164 r3108 31e19f9");
+  assert.equal(parseX264Version(Buffer.from("no version here")), UNKNOWN);
+  assert.deepEqual(parseNvidiaSmi("NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada Generation, 550.54.14\n"), {
+    model: "NVIDIA RTX 4000 SFF Ada Generation",
+    driver: "550.54.14"
+  });
+  assert.equal(kindOfEncoderName("h264_nvenc"), "nvenc");
+  assert.equal(kindOfEncoderName("libx264"), "software");
+});
+
+test("a driver update invalidates what a device was seen doing, and nothing about software", () => {
+  const vaapi = { name: "h264_vaapi", kind: "vaapi" };
+  const software = { name: "libx264", kind: "software" };
+  const updated = { ...FINGERPRINT, devices: { vaapi: { model: "0x8086:0x9a49", driver: "i915 (kernel 6.8.0)" } } };
+  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, vaapi), configurationKeyOf(updated, vaapi));
+  assert.equal(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf(updated, software));
+  // Another x264 build or another thread count is another software configuration.
+  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf({ ...FINGERPRINT, threads: 14 }, software));
+  assert.notEqual(configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, software), configurationKeyOf({ ...FINGERPRINT, x264: "core 165" }, software));
+});
+
+// --- Throughput by size ----------------------------------------------------
+
+const READINGS = [
+  { width: 256, height: 144, pixelsPerSec: 40e6 },
+  { width: 640, height: 360, pixelsPerSec: 36e6 },
+  { width: 1280, height: 720, pixelsPerSec: 30e6 }
+];
+
+test("a size is priced from the readings around it, lowered by the error measured for interpolating", () => {
+  const error = interpolationErrorOf(READINGS);
+  assert.ok(error !== null && error >= 0, "three readings give a measured bound");
+  const entry = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: error };
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 640, height: 360 }), 36e6, "a size read is its own reading");
+  const between = throughputAt(entry, { width: 854, height: 480 });
+  assert.ok(between < 36e6 && between > 30e6 * (1 - error), `between the two readings, got ${between}`);
+});
+
+test("a size beyond what was read is not a size this machine has shown it can do", () => {
+  const entry = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 };
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 1920, height: 1080 }), null);
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(entry, { width: 128, height: 72 }), null);
+  // Two readings measure no interpolation error: only the sizes read are known.
+  const two = { preset: "veryfast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS.slice(0, 2), interpolationError: null };
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(two, { width: 426, height: 240 }), null);
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(two, { width: 640, height: 360 }), 36e6);
+  // An entry with no readings by size answers with its one figure, as before.
+  assert.equal(throughputAt({ preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 5e6 }, { width: 1920, height: 1080 }), 5e6);
+});
+
+test("the offer does not keep a rung at a size no mode was measured at", () => {
+  const benchmark = [{ preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 36e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 }];
+  const at1080 = canSustainOutput({ benchmark, outputPixelsPerSec: 1920 * 1080 * 24, frame: { width: 1920, height: 1080 } });
+  assert.deepEqual(at1080, { speed: null, sustainable: false });
+  // The same mode at a size it WAS read at, with decoding priced: 30 Mpx/s
+  // against 1280x720x24 is 1.36x, and a decode at 10x leaves 1.19x.
+  const at720 = canSustainOutput({
+    benchmark,
+    outputPixelsPerSec: 1280 * 720 * 24,
+    frame: { width: 1280, height: 720 },
+    observedDecodeCostSec: 0.1
+  });
+  assert.equal(at720.sustainable, true);
+  assert.ok(Math.abs(at720.speed - 1 / (0.1 + (1280 * 720 * 24) / 30e6)) < 1e-9);
+});
+
+test("a preset not measured at a size is not chosen there", () => {
+  const benchmark = [
+    { preset: "fast", pixelsPerSec: 20e6, bySize: READINGS.slice(0, 2), interpolationError: null },
+    { preset: "ultrafast", pixelsPerSec: 60e6, bySize: READINGS, interpolationError: 0.05 }
+  ];
+  assert.equal(pickSoftwarePreset(benchmark, 1280 * 720 * 24, {}, { width: 1280, height: 720 }), "ultrafast");
+});
+
+// --- The calibration walk --------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * A calibration with every reading replaced: `speeds` maps "rung@WxH" to how
+ * many times realtime that mode encodes there, `failing` the rungs whose
+ * segments do not decode.
+ */
+async function calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds, failing = [] }) {
+  const asked = [];
+  const result = await calibrateEncoder({
+    ffmpegBin: "never-run",
+    encoder,
+    measure: {
+      check: async ({ rung }) => (failing.includes(rung)
+        ? { ok: false, reason: "a segment does not decode", segmentKbps: null }
+        : { ok: true, reason: "", segmentKbps: { averageKbps: 900, peakKbps: 1400 } }),
+      rawFrames: async (frame) => `raw-${frame.width}x${frame.height}`,
+      speed: async (rung, rawPath, frame) => {
+        asked.push(`${rung}@${frame.width}x${frame.height}`);
+        return speeds[`${rung}@${frame.width}x${frame.height}`] ?? null;
+      },
+      release: () => {}
+    }
+  });
+  return { ...result, asked };
+}
+
+test("a mode whose segments do not decode is not used at all", async () => {
+  const encoder = new SoftwareEncoder();
+  const speeds = {};
+  for (const rung of encoder.selectableRungs) {
+    for (const size of ["256x144", "640x360", "1280x720", "1920x1080", "3840x2160"]) {
+      speeds[`${rung}@${size}`] = 2;
+    }
+  }
+  const { modes, refused } = await calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds, failing: ["faster"] });
+  assert.ok(!modes.some((mode) => mode.preset === "faster"));
+  assert.ok(refused.some((one) => one.preset === "faster" && /decode/.test(one.reason)));
+  assert.equal(modes.length, encoder.selectableRungs.length - 1);
+});
+
+test("slower modes are not read where a faster one fell behind, nor larger sizes where the fastest did", async () => {
+  const encoder = new SoftwareEncoder();
+  const speeds = {
+    "ultrafast@256x144": 20, "superfast@256x144": 15, "veryfast@256x144": 10, "faster@256x144": 8, "fast@256x144": 6,
+    "ultrafast@640x360": 6, "superfast@640x360": 4, "veryfast@640x360": 0.8,
+    "ultrafast@1280x720": 0.9
+  };
+  const { modes, asked } = await calibrateWith({ encoder, speeds });
+  assert.ok(!asked.includes("faster@640x360"), "a mode slower than one that fell behind is not read");
+  assert.ok(!asked.some((one) => one.endsWith("@1920x1080")), "a size larger than one the fastest could not hold is not read");
+  const ultrafast = modes.find((mode) => mode.preset === "ultrafast");
+  assert.deepEqual(ultrafast.bySize.map((reading) => `${reading.width}x${reading.height}`), ["256x144", "640x360", "1280x720"]);
+  assert.equal(ultrafast.pixelsPerSec, 640 * 360 * 24 * 6, "the reference figure is the 640x360 reading");
+  const fast = modes.find((mode) => mode.preset === "fast");
+  assert.equal(throughputAt(fast, { width: 640, height: 360 }), null, "fast was never read at 640x360");
+});
+
+test("a device is calibrated only at the one setting its arguments pass", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(new NvencEncoder().selectableRungs, ["p4"]);
+  assert.ok(new NvencEncoder().buildVideoArgs({ targetWidth: 1280, targetHeight: 720, segmentDurationSec: 4 }).includes("p4"));
+});
+
+test("the modes of the encoder in use are what prices, and software is kept for the fallback", () => {
+  const calibration = new HostCalibration({ byKind: { vaapi: [{ preset: "h264_vaapi", pixelsPerSec: 1 }], software: [] }, fingerprint: FINGERPRINT });
+  assert.equal(calibration.modesFor("vaapi").length, 1);
+  assert.deepEqual(calibration.modesFor("software"), [], "calibrated, nothing qualified");
+  assert.equal(calibration.modesFor("nvenc"), null, "not calibrated at all");
+});
+
+// --- Local observations ----------------------------------------------------
+
+test("what is kept applies only on the configuration it was seen on, and survives a restart on it", () => {
+  const directory = mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ttv-observations-"));
+  const filePath = path.join(directory, "local-observations.json");
+  try {
+    const first = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
+    const content = { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 8 };
+    first.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content, aloneSpeedX: 1.7, segmentKbps: { averageKbps: 2100, peakKbps: 3900 } });
+    first.notePreparation({ spec: specAt(), seconds: 6.5, bufferedSec: 41 });
+
+    const software = configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" });
+    const again = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
+    again.load([software]);
+    assert.equal(again.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), content), 1.7);
+    assert.equal(again.peakMbps(specAt()), 3.9);
+    assert.equal(again.longestPreparationSec(specAt()), 6.5);
+
+    // Another libx264 build: nothing kept matches, and the file is rewritten without it.
+    const rebuilt = { ...FINGERPRINT, x264: "core 165 r3200 abc" };
+    const afterUpdate = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: rebuilt, filePath });
+    afterUpdate.load([configurationKeyOf(rebuilt, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" })]);
+    assert.equal(afterUpdate.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), content), null);
+    assert.equal(afterUpdate.peakMbps(specAt()), null);
+    assert.equal(JSON.parse(readFileSync(filePath, "utf8")).entries.speed && Object.keys(JSON.parse(readFileSync(filePath, "utf8")).entries.speed).length, 0);
+  } finally {
+    rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+});
+
+test("a speed seen on easier material is not applied to harder material, and the slowest comparable one is used", () => {
+  const observations = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath: "" });
+  const light = { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 4 };
+  const heavy = { ...light, megabitsPerSecond: 12 };
+  observations.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content: light, aloneSpeedX: 2.4, segmentKbps: null });
+  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), heavy), null, "a lighter source says nothing about a heavier one");
+  observations.noteEncode({ spec: specAt(), content: heavy, aloneSpeedX: 1.3, segmentKbps: null });
+  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), light), 1.3, "both apply to the lighter source, and the slower wins");
+  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt(), { ...light, codec: "h264" }), null, "another codec is not comparable");
+  assert.equal(observations.slowestAloneSpeed(specAt({ preset: "fast" }), light), null, "another mode is not this one");
+});
+
+test("an encoder with no bound of its own takes the peak seen, as an estimate and never as a bound", () => {
+  const hardware = specAt({ encoder: "h264_vaapi", preset: null });
+  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(hardware, null).peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.UNKNOWN);
+  const seen = videoLoadOfSpec(hardware, null, 5.2);
+  assert.equal(seen.peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.ESTIMATED);
+  assert.equal(seen.mbps, 5.2);
+  // A bound the encoder is held to is never replaced by what was seen.
+  const bounded = specAt({ rateControl: { maxrateKbps: 3900, bufsizeKbps: 4500, level: "3.1" } });
+  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(bounded, null, 9.9).peakClass, PEAK_CLASS.KNOWN);
+  assert.equal(videoLoadOfSpec(bounded, null, 9.9).mbps, 3.9);
+});
+
+test("a file of another shape is not read as observations", () => {
+  const directory = mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "ttv-observations-"));
+  const filePath = path.join(directory, "local-observations.json");
+  try {
+    writeFileSync(filePath, JSON.stringify({ version: 0, entries: { speed: { x: [1] } } }));
+    const observations = new LocalObservations({ fingerprint: FINGERPRINT, filePath });
+    observations.load([configurationKeyOf(FINGERPRINT, { name: "libx264", kind: "software" })]);
+    assert.equal(observations.peakMbps(specAt()), null);
+  } finally {
+    rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+  }
+});
+
+test("what an encode was made from is described by the file's own facts", () => {
+  assert.deepEqual(
+    contentOf({ width: 1920, height: 1080, decode: { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, megabitsPerSecond: 8, megapixelsPerSecond: 50 } }),
+    { codec: "hevc", bitDepth: 10, width: 1920, height: 1080, megabitsPerSecond: 8 }
+  );
+  assert.equal(contentOf({ width: 0, height: 0, decode: null }), null);
+});