@ruaruababa/vibe-kit 1.0.0

package/skills/prompt-engineering-patterns/references/prompt-optimization.md

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+# Prompt Optimization Guide
+
+## Systematic Refinement Process
+
+### 1. Baseline Establishment
+```python
+def establish_baseline(prompt, test_cases):
+    results = {
+        'accuracy': 0,
+        'avg_tokens': 0,
+        'avg_latency': 0,
+        'success_rate': 0
+    }
+
+    for test_case in test_cases:
+        response = llm.complete(prompt.format(**test_case['input']))
+
+        results['accuracy'] += evaluate_accuracy(response, test_case['expected'])
+        results['avg_tokens'] += count_tokens(response)
+        results['avg_latency'] += measure_latency(response)
+        results['success_rate'] += is_valid_response(response)
+
+    # Average across test cases
+    n = len(test_cases)
+    return {k: v/n for k, v in results.items()}
+```
+
+### 2. Iterative Refinement Workflow
+```
+Initial Prompt → Test → Analyze Failures → Refine → Test → Repeat
+```
+
+```python
+class PromptOptimizer:
+    def __init__(self, initial_prompt, test_suite):
+        self.prompt = initial_prompt
+        self.test_suite = test_suite
+        self.history = []
+
+    def optimize(self, max_iterations=10):
+        for i in range(max_iterations):
+            # Test current prompt
+            results = self.evaluate_prompt(self.prompt)
+            self.history.append({
+                'iteration': i,
+                'prompt': self.prompt,
+                'results': results
+            })
+
+            # Stop if good enough
+            if results['accuracy'] > 0.95:
+                break
+
+            # Analyze failures
+            failures = self.analyze_failures(results)
+
+            # Generate refinement suggestions
+            refinements = self.generate_refinements(failures)
+
+            # Apply best refinement
+            self.prompt = self.select_best_refinement(refinements)
+
+        return self.get_best_prompt()
+```
+
+### 3. A/B Testing Framework
+```python
+class PromptABTest:
+    def __init__(self, variant_a, variant_b):
+        self.variant_a = variant_a
+        self.variant_b = variant_b
+
+    def run_test(self, test_queries, metrics=['accuracy', 'latency']):
+        results = {
+            'A': {m: [] for m in metrics},
+            'B': {m: [] for m in metrics}
+        }
+
+        for query in test_queries:
+            # Randomly assign variant (50/50 split)
+            variant = 'A' if random.random() < 0.5 else 'B'
+            prompt = self.variant_a if variant == 'A' else self.variant_b
+
+            response, metrics_data = self.execute_with_metrics(
+                prompt.format(query=query['input'])
+            )
+
+            for metric in metrics:
+                results[variant][metric].append(metrics_data[metric])
+
+        return self.analyze_results(results)
+
+    def analyze_results(self, results):
+        from scipy import stats
+
+        analysis = {}
+        for metric in results['A'].keys():
+            a_values = results['A'][metric]
+            b_values = results['B'][metric]
+
+            # Statistical significance test
+            t_stat, p_value = stats.ttest_ind(a_values, b_values)
+
+            analysis[metric] = {
+                'A_mean': np.mean(a_values),
+                'B_mean': np.mean(b_values),
+                'improvement': (np.mean(b_values) - np.mean(a_values)) / np.mean(a_values),
+                'statistically_significant': p_value < 0.05,
+                'p_value': p_value,
+                'winner': 'B' if np.mean(b_values) > np.mean(a_values) else 'A'
+            }
+
+        return analysis
+```
+
+## Optimization Strategies
+
+### Token Reduction
+```python
+def optimize_for_tokens(prompt):
+    optimizations = [
+        # Remove redundant phrases
+        ('in order to', 'to'),
+        ('due to the fact that', 'because'),
+        ('at this point in time', 'now'),
+
+        # Consolidate instructions
+        ('First, ...\\nThen, ...\\nFinally, ...', 'Steps: 1) ... 2) ... 3) ...'),
+
+        # Use abbreviations (after first definition)
+        ('Natural Language Processing (NLP)', 'NLP'),
+
+        # Remove filler words
+        (' actually ', ' '),
+        (' basically ', ' '),
+        (' really ', ' ')
+    ]
+
+    optimized = prompt
+    for old, new in optimizations:
+        optimized = optimized.replace(old, new)
+
+    return optimized
+```
+
+### Latency Reduction
+```python
+def optimize_for_latency(prompt):
+    strategies = {
+        'shorter_prompt': reduce_token_count(prompt),
+        'streaming': enable_streaming_response(prompt),
+        'caching': add_cacheable_prefix(prompt),
+        'early_stopping': add_stop_sequences(prompt)
+    }
+
+    # Test each strategy
+    best_strategy = None
+    best_latency = float('inf')
+
+    for name, modified_prompt in strategies.items():
+        latency = measure_average_latency(modified_prompt)
+        if latency < best_latency:
+            best_latency = latency
+            best_strategy = modified_prompt
+
+    return best_strategy
+```
+
+### Accuracy Improvement
+```python
+def improve_accuracy(prompt, failure_cases):
+    improvements = []
+
+    # Add constraints for common failures
+    if has_format_errors(failure_cases):
+        improvements.append("Output must be valid JSON with no additional text.")
+
+    # Add examples for edge cases
+    edge_cases = identify_edge_cases(failure_cases)
+    if edge_cases:
+        improvements.append(f"Examples of edge cases:\\n{format_examples(edge_cases)}")
+
+    # Add verification step
+    if has_logical_errors(failure_cases):
+        improvements.append("Before responding, verify your answer is logically consistent.")
+
+    # Strengthen instructions
+    if has_ambiguity_errors(failure_cases):
+        improvements.append(clarify_ambiguous_instructions(prompt))
+
+    return integrate_improvements(prompt, improvements)
+```
+
+## Performance Metrics
+
+### Core Metrics
+```python
+class PromptMetrics:
+    @staticmethod
+    def accuracy(responses, ground_truth):
+        return sum(r == gt for r, gt in zip(responses, ground_truth)) / len(responses)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def consistency(responses):
+        # Measure how often identical inputs produce identical outputs
+        from collections import defaultdict
+        input_responses = defaultdict(list)
+
+        for inp, resp in responses:
+            input_responses[inp].append(resp)
+
+        consistency_scores = []
+        for inp, resps in input_responses.items():
+            if len(resps) > 1:
+                # Percentage of responses that match the most common response
+                most_common_count = Counter(resps).most_common(1)[0][1]
+                consistency_scores.append(most_common_count / len(resps))
+
+        return np.mean(consistency_scores) if consistency_scores else 1.0
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def token_efficiency(prompt, responses):
+        avg_prompt_tokens = np.mean([count_tokens(prompt.format(**r['input'])) for r in responses])
+        avg_response_tokens = np.mean([count_tokens(r['output']) for r in responses])
+        return avg_prompt_tokens + avg_response_tokens
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def latency_p95(latencies):
+        return np.percentile(latencies, 95)
+```
+
+### Automated Evaluation
+```python
+def evaluate_prompt_comprehensively(prompt, test_suite):
+    results = {
+        'accuracy': [],
+        'consistency': [],
+        'latency': [],
+        'tokens': [],
+        'success_rate': []
+    }
+
+    # Run each test case multiple times for consistency measurement
+    for test_case in test_suite:
+        runs = []
+        for _ in range(3):  # 3 runs per test case
+            start = time.time()
+            response = llm.complete(prompt.format(**test_case['input']))
+            latency = time.time() - start
+
+            runs.append(response)
+            results['latency'].append(latency)
+            results['tokens'].append(count_tokens(prompt) + count_tokens(response))
+
+        # Accuracy (best of 3 runs)
+        accuracies = [evaluate_accuracy(r, test_case['expected']) for r in runs]
+        results['accuracy'].append(max(accuracies))
+
+        # Consistency (how similar are the 3 runs?)
+        results['consistency'].append(calculate_similarity(runs))
+
+        # Success rate (all runs successful?)
+        results['success_rate'].append(all(is_valid(r) for r in runs))
+
+    return {
+        'avg_accuracy': np.mean(results['accuracy']),
+        'avg_consistency': np.mean(results['consistency']),
+        'p95_latency': np.percentile(results['latency'], 95),
+        'avg_tokens': np.mean(results['tokens']),
+        'success_rate': np.mean(results['success_rate'])
+    }
+```
+
+## Failure Analysis
+
+### Categorizing Failures
+```python
+class FailureAnalyzer:
+    def categorize_failures(self, test_results):
+        categories = {
+            'format_errors': [],
+            'factual_errors': [],
+            'logic_errors': [],
+            'incomplete_responses': [],
+            'hallucinations': [],
+            'off_topic': []
+        }
+
+        for result in test_results:
+            if not result['success']:
+                category = self.determine_failure_type(
+                    result['response'],
+                    result['expected']
+                )
+                categories[category].append(result)
+
+        return categories
+
+    def generate_fixes(self, categorized_failures):
+        fixes = []
+
+        if categorized_failures['format_errors']:
+            fixes.append({
+                'issue': 'Format errors',
+                'fix': 'Add explicit format examples and constraints',
+                'priority': 'high'
+            })
+
+        if categorized_failures['hallucinations']:
+            fixes.append({
+                'issue': 'Hallucinations',
+                'fix': 'Add grounding instruction: "Base your answer only on provided context"',
+                'priority': 'critical'
+            })
+
+        if categorized_failures['incomplete_responses']:
+            fixes.append({
+                'issue': 'Incomplete responses',
+                'fix': 'Add: "Ensure your response fully addresses all parts of the question"',
+                'priority': 'medium'
+            })
+
+        return fixes
+```
+
+## Versioning and Rollback
+
+### Prompt Version Control
+```python
+class PromptVersionControl:
+    def __init__(self, storage_path):
+        self.storage = storage_path
+        self.versions = []
+
+    def save_version(self, prompt, metadata):
+        version = {
+            'id': len(self.versions),
+            'prompt': prompt,
+            'timestamp': datetime.now(),
+            'metrics': metadata.get('metrics', {}),
+            'description': metadata.get('description', ''),
+            'parent_id': metadata.get('parent_id')
+        }
+        self.versions.append(version)
+        self.persist()
+        return version['id']
+
+    def rollback(self, version_id):
+        if version_id < len(self.versions):
+            return self.versions[version_id]['prompt']
+        raise ValueError(f"Version {version_id} not found")
+
+    def compare_versions(self, v1_id, v2_id):
+        v1 = self.versions[v1_id]
+        v2 = self.versions[v2_id]
+
+        return {
+            'diff': generate_diff(v1['prompt'], v2['prompt']),
+            'metrics_comparison': {
+                metric: {
+                    'v1': v1['metrics'].get(metric),
+                    'v2': v2['metrics'].get(metric'),
+                    'change': v2['metrics'].get(metric, 0) - v1['metrics'].get(metric, 0)
+                }
+                for metric in set(v1['metrics'].keys()) | set(v2['metrics'].keys())
+            }
+        }
+```
+
+## Best Practices
+
+1. **Establish Baseline**: Always measure initial performance
+2. **Change One Thing**: Isolate variables for clear attribution
+3. **Test Thoroughly**: Use diverse, representative test cases
+4. **Track Metrics**: Log all experiments and results
+5. **Validate Significance**: Use statistical tests for A/B comparisons
+6. **Document Changes**: Keep detailed notes on what and why
+7. **Version Everything**: Enable rollback to previous versions
+8. **Monitor Production**: Continuously evaluate deployed prompts
+
+## Common Optimization Patterns
+
+### Pattern 1: Add Structure
+```
+Before: "Analyze this text"
+After: "Analyze this text for:\n1. Main topic\n2. Key arguments\n3. Conclusion"
+```
+
+### Pattern 2: Add Examples
+```
+Before: "Extract entities"
+After: "Extract entities\\n\\nExample:\\nText: Apple released iPhone\\nEntities: {company: Apple, product: iPhone}"
+```
+
+### Pattern 3: Add Constraints
+```
+Before: "Summarize this"
+After: "Summarize in exactly 3 bullet points, 15 words each"
+```
+
+### Pattern 4: Add Verification
+```
+Before: "Calculate..."
+After: "Calculate... Then verify your calculation is correct before responding."
+```
+
+## Tools and Utilities
+
+- Prompt diff tools for version comparison
+- Automated test runners
+- Metric dashboards
+- A/B testing frameworks
+- Token counting utilities
+- Latency profilers