@needle-tools/engine 4.5.0-alpha.6 → 4.5.0

package/lib/engine-components/export/usdz/ThreeUSDZExporter.js

@@ -1,1783 +1,1783 @@
-import '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
-import { BufferAttribute, Color, DoubleSide, LinearFilter, Material, MathUtils, Matrix4, Mesh, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshStandardMaterial, OrthographicCamera, PerspectiveCamera, PlaneGeometry, Quaternion, RGBAFormat, Scene, ShaderMaterial, SkinnedMesh, SRGBColorSpace, Uniform, UnsignedByteType, Vector3, Vector4, WebGLRenderer, WebGLRenderTarget } from 'three';
-import * as fflate from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/fflate.module.js';
-import { VERSION } from "../../../engine/engine_constants.js";
-import { Progress } from '../../../engine/engine_time_utils.js';
-function makeNameSafe(str) {
-    // Remove characters that are not allowed in USD ASCII identifiers
-    str = str.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '');
-    // If name doesn't start with a-zA-Z_, add _ to the beginning – required by USD
-    if (!str.match(/^[a-zA-Z_]/))
-        str = '_' + str;
-    return str;
-}
-function makeDisplayNameSafe(str) {
-    str = str.replace("\"", "\\\"");
-    return str;
-}
-// TODO check if this works when bones in the skeleton are completely unordered
-function findCommonAncestor(objects) {
-    if (objects.length === 0)
-        return null;
-    const ancestors = objects.map((obj) => {
-        const objAncestors = new Array();
-        while (obj.parent) {
-            objAncestors.unshift(obj.parent);
-            obj = obj.parent;
-        }
-        return objAncestors;
-    });
-    //@ts-ignore – findLast seems to be missing in TypeScript types pre-5.x
-    const commonAncestor = ancestors[0].findLast((ancestor) => {
-        return ancestors.every((a) => a.includes(ancestor));
-    });
-    return commonAncestor || null;
-}
-function findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones) {
-    const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
-    // find all structural nodes – parents of bones that are not bones themselves
-    const structuralNodes = new Set();
-    for (const bone of bones) {
-        let current = bone.parent;
-        while (current && current !== commonAncestor) {
-            if (!bones.includes(current)) {
-                structuralNodes.add(current);
-            }
-            current = current.parent;
-        }
-    }
-    return structuralNodes;
-}
-const PositionIdentity = new Vector3();
-const QuaternionIdentity = new Quaternion();
-const ScaleIdentity = new Vector3(1, 1, 1);
-class USDObject {
-    static USDObject_export_id = 0;
-    uuid;
-    name;
-    /** If no type is provided, type is chosen automatically (Xform or Mesh) */
-    type;
-    /** MaterialBindingAPI and SkelBindingAPI are handled automatically, extra schemas can be added here */
-    extraSchemas = [];
-    displayName;
-    visibility; // defaults to "inherited" in USD
-    getMatrix() {
-        if (!this.transform)
-            return new Matrix4();
-        const { position, quaternion, scale } = this.transform;
-        const matrix = new Matrix4();
-        matrix.compose(position || PositionIdentity, quaternion || QuaternionIdentity, scale || ScaleIdentity);
-        return matrix;
-    }
-    setMatrix(value) {
-        if (!value || !(value instanceof Matrix4)) {
-            this.transform = null;
-            return;
-        }
-        const position = new Vector3();
-        const quaternion = new Quaternion();
-        const scale = new Vector3();
-        value.decompose(position, quaternion, scale);
-        this.transform = { position, quaternion, scale };
-    }
-    /** @deprecated Use `transform`, or `getMatrix()` if you really need the matrix */
-    get matrix() { return this.getMatrix(); }
-    /** @deprecated Use `transform`, or `setMatrix()` if you really need the matrix */
-    set matrix(value) { this.setMatrix(value); }
-    transform = null;
-    _isDynamic;
-    get isDynamic() { return this._isDynamic; }
-    set isDynamic(value) { this._isDynamic = value; }
-    geometry;
-    material;
-    camera;
-    parent;
-    skinnedMesh;
-    children = [];
-    animations;
-    _eventListeners;
-    // these are for tracking which xformops are needed
-    needsTranslate = false;
-    needsOrient = false;
-    needsScale = false;
-    static createEmptyParent(object) {
-        const emptyParent = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), object.name + '_empty_' + (USDObject.USDObject_export_id++), object.transform);
-        const parent = object.parent;
-        if (parent)
-            parent.add(emptyParent);
-        emptyParent.add(object);
-        emptyParent.isDynamic = true;
-        object.transform = null;
-        return emptyParent;
-    }
-    static createEmpty() {
-        const empty = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), 'Empty_' + (USDObject.USDObject_export_id++));
-        empty.isDynamic = true;
-        return empty;
-    }
-    constructor(id, name, transform = null, mesh = null, material = null, camera = null, skinnedMesh = null, animations = null) {
-        this.uuid = id;
-        this.name = makeNameSafe(name);
-        this.displayName = name;
-        if (!transform)
-            this.transform = null;
-        else
-            this.transform = {
-                position: transform.position?.clone() || null,
-                quaternion: transform.quaternion?.clone() || null,
-                scale: transform.scale?.clone() || null
-            };
-        this.geometry = mesh;
-        this.material = material;
-        this.camera = camera;
-        this.parent = null;
-        this.children = [];
-        this._eventListeners = {};
-        this._isDynamic = false;
-        this.skinnedMesh = skinnedMesh;
-        this.animations = animations;
-    }
-    is(obj) {
-        if (!obj)
-            return false;
-        return this.uuid === obj.uuid;
-    }
-    isEmpty() {
-        return !this.geometry;
-    }
-    clone() {
-        const clone = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), this.name, this.transform, this.geometry, this.material);
-        clone.isDynamic = this.isDynamic;
-        return clone;
-    }
-    deepClone() {
-        const clone = this.clone();
-        for (const child of this.children) {
-            if (!child)
-                continue;
-            clone.add(child.deepClone());
-        }
-        return clone;
-    }
-    getPath() {
-        let current = this.parent;
-        let path = this.name;
-        while (current) {
-            // StageRoot has a special path right now since there's additional Xforms for encapsulation.
-            // Better would be to actually model them as part of our object graph, but they're written separately,
-            // so currently we don't and instead work around that here.
-            const currentName = current.parent ? current.name : (current.name + "/Scenes/Scene");
-            path = currentName + '/' + path;
-            current = current.parent;
-        }
-        return '</' + path + '>';
-    }
-    add(child) {
-        if (child.parent) {
-            child.parent.remove(child);
-        }
-        child.parent = this;
-        this.children.push(child);
-    }
-    remove(child) {
-        const index = this.children.indexOf(child);
-        if (index >= 0) {
-            if (child.parent === this)
-                child.parent = null;
-            this.children.splice(index, 1);
-        }
-    }
-    addEventListener(evt, listener) {
-        if (!this._eventListeners[evt])
-            this._eventListeners[evt] = [];
-        this._eventListeners[evt].push(listener);
-    }
-    removeEventListener(evt, listener) {
-        if (!this._eventListeners[evt])
-            return;
-        const index = this._eventListeners[evt].indexOf(listener);
-        if (index >= 0) {
-            this._eventListeners[evt].splice(index, 1);
-        }
-    }
-    onSerialize(writer, context) {
-        const listeners = this._eventListeners['serialize'];
-        if (listeners)
-            listeners.forEach(listener => listener(writer, context));
-    }
-}
-class USDDocument extends USDObject {
-    stageLength;
-    get isDocumentRoot() {
-        return true;
-    }
-    get isDynamic() {
-        return false;
-    }
-    constructor() {
-        super(undefined, 'StageRoot', null, null, null, null);
-        this.children = [];
-        this.stageLength = 200;
-    }
-    add(child) {
-        child.parent = this;
-        this.children.push(child);
-    }
-    remove(child) {
-        const index = this.children.indexOf(child);
-        if (index >= 0) {
-            if (child.parent === this)
-                child.parent = null;
-            this.children.splice(index, 1);
-        }
-    }
-    traverse(callback, current = null) {
-        if (current !== null)
-            callback(current);
-        else
-            current = this;
-        if (current.children) {
-            for (const child of current.children) {
-                this.traverse(callback, child);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    findById(uuid) {
-        let found = false;
-        function search(current) {
-            if (found)
-                return undefined;
-            if (current.uuid === uuid) {
-                found = true;
-                return current;
-            }
-            if (current.children) {
-                for (const child of current.children) {
-                    if (!child)
-                        continue;
-                    const res = search(child);
-                    if (res)
-                        return res;
-                }
-            }
-            return undefined;
-        }
-        return search(this);
-    }
-    buildHeader(_context) {
-        const animationExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'animation');
-        const behaviorExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'Behaviour');
-        const physicsExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'Physics');
-        const startTimeCode = animationExtension?.getStartTimeCode() ?? 0;
-        const endTimeCode = animationExtension?.getEndTimeCode() ?? 0;
-        let comment = "";
-        const registeredClips = animationExtension?.registeredClips;
-        if (registeredClips) {
-            for (const clip of registeredClips) {
-                comment += `\t# Animation: ${clip.name}, start=${animationExtension.getStartTimeByClip(clip) * 60}, length=${clip.duration * 60}\n`;
-            }
-        }
-        const comments = comment;
-        return `#usda 1.0
-(
-	customLayerData = {
-		string creator = "Needle Engine ${VERSION}"
-		dictionary Needle = {
-			bool animations = ${animationExtension ? 1 : 0}
-			bool interactive = ${behaviorExtension ? 1 : 0}
-			bool physics = ${physicsExtension ? 1 : 0}
-			bool quickLookCompatible = ${_context.quickLookCompatible ? 1 : 0}
-		}
-	}
-	defaultPrim = "${makeNameSafe(this.name)}"
-	metersPerUnit = 1
-	upAxis = "Y"
-	startTimeCode = ${startTimeCode}
-	endTimeCode = ${endTimeCode}
-	timeCodesPerSecond = 60
-	framesPerSecond = 60
-	doc = """Generated by Needle Engine USDZ Exporter ${VERSION}"""
-${comments}
-)
-`;
-    }
-}
-const newLine = '\n';
-const materialRoot = '</StageRoot/Materials';
-class USDWriter {
-    str;
-    indent;
-    constructor() {
-        this.str = '';
-        this.indent = 0;
-    }
-    clear() {
-        this.str = '';
-        this.indent = 0;
-    }
-    beginBlock(str = undefined, char = '{', createNewLine = true) {
-        if (str !== undefined) {
-            str = this.applyIndent(str);
-            this.str += str;
-            if (createNewLine) {
-                this.str += newLine;
-                this.str += this.applyIndent(char);
-            }
-            else {
-                this.str += " " + char;
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            this.str += this.applyIndent(char);
-        }
-        this.str += newLine;
-        this.indent += 1;
-    }
-    closeBlock(char = '}') {
-        this.indent -= 1;
-        this.str += this.applyIndent(char) + newLine;
-    }
-    beginArray(str) {
-        str = this.applyIndent(str + ' = [');
-        this.str += str;
-        this.str += newLine;
-        this.indent += 1;
-    }
-    closeArray() {
-        this.indent -= 1;
-        this.str += this.applyIndent(']') + newLine;
-    }
-    appendLine(str = '') {
-        str = this.applyIndent(str);
-        this.str += str;
-        this.str += newLine;
-    }
-    toString() {
-        return this.str;
-    }
-    applyIndent(str) {
-        let indents = '';
-        for (let i = 0; i < this.indent; i++)
-            indents += '\t';
-        return indents + str;
-    }
-}
-class USDZExporterContext {
-    root;
-    exporter;
-    extensions = [];
-    quickLookCompatible;
-    exportInvisible;
-    materials;
-    textures;
-    files;
-    document;
-    output;
-    animations;
-    constructor(root, exporter, options) {
-        this.root = root;
-        this.exporter = exporter;
-        this.quickLookCompatible = options.quickLookCompatible;
-        this.exportInvisible = options.exportInvisible;
-        if (options.extensions)
-            this.extensions = options.extensions;
-        this.materials = new Map();
-        this.textures = {};
-        this.files = {};
-        this.document = new USDDocument();
-        this.output = '';
-        this.animations = [];
-    }
-}
-class USDZExporterOptions {
-    ar = {
-        anchoring: { type: 'plane' },
-        planeAnchoring: { alignment: 'horizontal' }
-    };
-    quickLookCompatible = false;
-    extensions = [];
-    maxTextureSize = 4096;
-    exportInvisible = false;
-}
-class USDZExporter {
-    debug;
-    pruneUnusedNodes;
-    sceneAnchoringOptions = new USDZExporterOptions();
-    extensions = [];
-    keepObject;
-    beforeWritingDocument;
-    constructor() {
-        this.debug = false;
-        this.pruneUnusedNodes = true;
-    }
-    async parse(scene, options = new USDZExporterOptions()) {
-        options = Object.assign(new USDZExporterOptions(), options);
-        this.sceneAnchoringOptions = options;
-        const context = new USDZExporterContext(scene, this, options);
-        this.extensions = context.extensions;
-        const files = context.files;
-        const modelFileName = 'model.usda';
-        // model file should be first in USDZ archive so we init it here
-        files[modelFileName] = null;
-        const materials = context.materials;
-        const textures = context.textures;
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Invoking onBeforeBuildDocument");
-        await invokeAll(context, 'onBeforeBuildDocument');
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Done onBeforeBuildDocument");
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Reparent bones to common ancestor");
-        // Find all skeletons and reparent them to their skelroot / armature / uppermost bone parent.
-        // This may not be correct in all cases.
-        const reparentings = [];
-        const allReparentingObjects = new Set();
-        scene?.traverse(object => {
-            if (!options.exportInvisible && !object.visible)
-                return;
-            if (object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
-                const bones = object.skeleton.bones;
-                const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
-                if (commonAncestor) {
-                    const newReparenting = { object, originalParent: object.parent, newParent: commonAncestor };
-                    reparentings.push(newReparenting);
-                    // keep track of which nodes are important for skeletal export consistency
-                    allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.object.uuid);
-                    if (newReparenting.newParent)
-                        allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.newParent.uuid);
-                    if (newReparenting.originalParent)
-                        allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.originalParent.uuid);
-                }
-            }
-        });
-        for (const reparenting of reparentings) {
-            const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
-            newParent.add(object);
-        }
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Traversing hierarchy");
-        if (scene)
-            traverse(scene, context.document, context, this.keepObject);
-        // Root object should have identity matrix
-        // so that root transformations don't end up in the resulting file.
-        // if (context.document.children?.length > 0)
-        // 	context.document.children[0]?.matrix.identity(); //.multiply(new Matrix4().makeRotationY(Math.PI));
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Invoking onAfterBuildDocument");
-        await invokeAll(context, 'onAfterBuildDocument');
-        // At this point, we know all animated objects, all skinned mesh objects, and all objects targeted by behaviors.
-        // We can prune all empty nodes (no geometry or material) depth-first.
-        // This avoids unnecessary export of e.g. animated bones as nodes when they have no children
-        // (for example, a sword attached to a hand still needs that entire hierarchy exported)
-        const behaviorExt = context.extensions.find(ext => ext.extensionName === 'Behaviour');
-        const allBehaviorTargets = behaviorExt?.getAllTargetUuids() ?? new Set();
-        // Prune pass. Depth-first removal of nodes that don't affect the outcome of the scene.
-        if (this.pruneUnusedNodes) {
-            const options = {
-                allBehaviorTargets,
-                debug: false,
-                boneReparentings: allReparentingObjects,
-                quickLookCompatible: context.quickLookCompatible,
-            };
-            if (this.debug)
-                logUsdHierarchy(context.document, "Hierarchy BEFORE pruning", options);
-            prune(context.document, options);
-            if (this.debug)
-                logUsdHierarchy(context.document, "Hierarchy AFTER pruning");
-        }
-        else if (this.debug) {
-            console.log("Pruning of empty nodes is disabled. This may result in a larger USDZ file.");
-        }
-        Progress.report('export-usdz', { message: "Parsing document", autoStep: 10 });
-        await parseDocument(context, () => {
-            // injected after stageRoot.
-            // TODO property use context/writer instead of string concat
-            Progress.report('export-usdz', "Building materials");
-            const result = buildMaterials(materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible);
-            return result;
-        });
-        Progress.report("export-usdz", "Invoking onAfterSerialize");
-        await invokeAll(context, 'onAfterSerialize');
-        // repair the parenting again
-        for (const reparenting of reparentings) {
-            const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
-            if (originalParent)
-                originalParent.add(object);
-        }
-        // Moved into parseDocument callback for proper defaultPrim encapsulation
-        // context.output += buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
-        // callback for validating after all export has been done
-        context.exporter?.beforeWritingDocument?.();
-        const header = context.document.buildHeader(context);
-        const final = header + '\n' + context.output;
-        // full output file
-        if (this.debug)
-            console.log(final);
-        files[modelFileName] = fflate.strToU8(final);
-        context.output = '';
-        Progress.report("export-usdz", { message: "Exporting textures", autoStep: 10 });
-        Progress.start("export-usdz-textures", { parentScope: "export-usdz", logTimings: false });
-        const decompressionRenderer = new WebGLRenderer({
-            antialias: false,
-            alpha: true,
-            premultipliedAlpha: false,
-            preserveDrawingBuffer: true
-        });
-        const textureCount = Object.keys(textures).length;
-        Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { totalSteps: textureCount * 3, currentStep: 0 });
-        const convertTexture = async (id) => {
-            const textureData = textures[id];
-            const texture = textureData.texture;
-            const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes(texture.format);
-            // Change: we need to always read back the texture now, otherwise the unpremultiplied workflow doesn't work.
-            let img = {
-                imageData: texture.image
-            };
-            Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "read back texture", autoStep: true });
-            const anyColorScale = textureData.scale !== undefined && textureData.scale.x !== 1 && textureData.scale.y !== 1 && textureData.scale.z !== 1 && textureData.scale.w !== 1;
-            // @ts-ignore
-            if (texture.isCompressedTexture || texture.isRenderTargetTexture || anyColorScale) {
-                img = await decompressGpuTexture(texture, options.maxTextureSize, decompressionRenderer, textureData.scale);
-            }
-            Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "convert texture to canvas", autoStep: true });
-            const canvas = await imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied(img.imageBitmap || img.imageData, options.maxTextureSize).catch(err => {
-                console.error("Error converting texture to canvas", texture, err);
-            });
-            if (canvas) {
-                Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "convert canvas to blob", autoStep: true });
-                const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob({ type: isRGBA ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg', quality: 0.95 });
-                files[`textures/${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}`] = new Uint8Array(await blob.arrayBuffer());
-            }
-            else {
-                console.warn('Can`t export texture: ', texture);
-            }
-        };
-        for (const id in textures) {
-            await convertTexture(id);
-        }
-        decompressionRenderer.dispose();
-        // 64 byte alignment
-        // https://github.com/101arrowz/fflate/issues/39#issuecomment-777263109
-        Progress.end("export-usdz-textures");
-        let offset = 0;
-        for (const filename in files) {
-            const file = files[filename];
-            const headerSize = 34 + filename.length;
-            offset += headerSize;
-            const offsetMod64 = offset & 63;
-            if (offsetMod64 !== 4) {
-                const padLength = 64 - offsetMod64;
-                const padding = new Uint8Array(padLength);
-                files[filename] = [file, { extra: { 12345: padding } }];
-            }
-            offset = file.length;
-        }
-        Progress.report("export-usdz", "zip archive");
-        return fflate.zipSync(files, { level: 0 });
-    }
-}
-function traverse(object, parentModel, context, keepObject) {
-    if (!context.exportInvisible && !object.visible)
-        return;
-    let model = undefined;
-    let geometry = undefined;
-    let material = undefined;
-    const transform = { position: object.position, quaternion: object.quaternion, scale: object.scale };
-    if (object.position.x === 0 && object.position.y === 0 && object.position.z === 0)
-        transform.position = null;
-    if (object.quaternion.x === 0 && object.quaternion.y === 0 && object.quaternion.z === 0 && object.quaternion.w === 1)
-        transform.quaternion = null;
-    if (object.scale.x === 1 && object.scale.y === 1 && object.scale.z === 1)
-        transform.scale = null;
-    if (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
-        geometry = object.geometry;
-        material = object.material;
-    }
-    // API for an explicit choice to discard this object – for example, a geometry that should not be exported,
-    // but childs should still be exported.
-    if (keepObject && !keepObject(object)) {
-        geometry = undefined;
-        material = undefined;
-    }
-    if ((object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) &&
-        material &&
-        (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ||
-            material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial ||
-            (material instanceof Material && material.type === "MeshLineMaterial"))) {
-        const name = getObjectId(object);
-        const skinnedMeshObject = object instanceof SkinnedMesh ? object : null;
-        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, geometry, material, undefined, skinnedMeshObject, object.animations);
-    }
-    else if (object instanceof PerspectiveCamera || object instanceof OrthographicCamera) {
-        const name = getObjectId(object);
-        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, undefined, undefined, object);
-    }
-    else {
-        const name = getObjectId(object);
-        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, object.animations);
-    }
-    if (model) {
-        model.displayName = object.userData?.name || object.name;
-        model.visibility = object.visible ? undefined : "invisible";
-        if (parentModel) {
-            parentModel.add(model);
-        }
-        parentModel = model;
-        if (context.extensions) {
-            for (const ext of context.extensions) {
-                if (ext.onExportObject)
-                    ext.onExportObject.call(ext, object, model, context);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        const name = getObjectId(object);
-        const empty = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, { position: object.position, quaternion: object.quaternion, scale: object.scale });
-        if (parentModel) {
-            parentModel.add(empty);
-        }
-        parentModel = empty;
-    }
-    for (const ch of object.children) {
-        traverse(ch, parentModel, context, keepObject);
-    }
-}
-function logUsdHierarchy(object, prefix, ...extraLogObjects) {
-    const item = {};
-    let itemCount = 0;
-    function collectItem(object, current) {
-        itemCount++;
-        let name = object.displayName || object.name;
-        name += " (" + object.uuid + ")";
-        const hasAny = object.geometry || object.material || object.camera || object.skinnedMesh;
-        if (hasAny) {
-            name += " (" + (object.geometry ? "geo, " : "") + (object.material ? "mat, " : "") + (object.camera ? "cam, " : "") + (object.skinnedMesh ? "skin, " : "") + ")";
-        }
-        current[name] = {};
-        const props = { object };
-        if (object.material)
-            props['mat'] = true;
-        if (object.geometry)
-            props['geo'] = true;
-        if (object.camera)
-            props['cam'] = true;
-        if (object.skinnedMesh)
-            props['skin'] = true;
-        current[name]._self = props;
-        for (const child of object.children) {
-            if (child) {
-                collectItem(child, current[name]);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    collectItem(object, item);
-    console.log(prefix + " (" + itemCount + " nodes)", item, ...extraLogObjects);
-}
-function prune(object, options) {
-    let allChildsWerePruned = true;
-    const prunedChilds = new Array();
-    const keptChilds = new Array();
-    if (object.children.length === 0) {
-        allChildsWerePruned = true;
-    }
-    else {
-        const childs = [...object.children];
-        for (const child of childs) {
-            if (child) {
-                const childWasPruned = prune(child, options);
-                if (options.debug) {
-                    if (childWasPruned)
-                        prunedChilds.push(child);
-                    else
-                        keptChilds.push(child);
-                }
-                allChildsWerePruned = allChildsWerePruned && childWasPruned;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    // check if this object is referenced by any behavior
-    const isBehaviorSourceOrTarget = options.allBehaviorTargets.has(object.uuid);
-    // check if this object has any material or geometry
-    const isVisible = object.geometry || object.material || (object.camera && !options.quickLookCompatible) || object.skinnedMesh || false;
-    // check if this object is part of any reparenting
-    const isBoneReparenting = options.boneReparentings.has(object.uuid);
-    const canBePruned = allChildsWerePruned && !isBehaviorSourceOrTarget && !isVisible && !isBoneReparenting;
-    if (canBePruned) {
-        if (options.debug)
-            console.log("Pruned object:", (object.displayName || object.name) + " (" + object.uuid + ")", {
-                isVisible,
-                isBehaviorSourceOrTarget,
-                allChildsWerePruned,
-                isBoneReparenting,
-                object,
-                prunedChilds,
-                keptChilds
-            });
-        object.parent?.remove(object);
-    }
-    else {
-        if (options.debug)
-            console.log("Kept object:", (object.displayName || object.name) + " (" + object.uuid + ")", {
-                isVisible,
-                isBehaviorSourceOrTarget,
-                allChildsWerePruned,
-                isBoneReparenting,
-                object,
-                prunedChilds,
-                keptChilds
-            });
-    }
-    // if it has no children and is not a behavior source or target, and is not visible, prune it
-    return canBePruned;
-}
-async function parseDocument(context, afterStageRoot) {
-    Progress.start("export-usdz-resources", "export-usdz");
-    const resources = [];
-    for (const child of context.document.children) {
-        addResources(child, context, resources);
-    }
-    // addResources now only collects promises for better progress reporting.
-    // We are resolving them here and reporting progress on that:
-    const total = resources.length;
-    for (let i = 0; i < total; i++) {
-        Progress.report("export-usdz-resources", { totalSteps: total, currentStep: i });
-        await new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
-            resources[i]();
-            resolve();
-        });
-    }
-    Progress.end("export-usdz-resources");
-    const writer = new USDWriter();
-    const arAnchoringOptions = context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar;
-    writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "${context.document.name}"`);
-    writer.beginBlock(`def Scope "Scenes" (
-		kind = "sceneLibrary"
-	)`);
-    writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "Scene"`, '(', false);
-    writer.appendLine(`apiSchemas = ["Preliminary_AnchoringAPI"]`);
-    writer.appendLine(`customData = {`);
-    writer.appendLine(`	bool preliminary_collidesWithEnvironment = 0`);
-    writer.appendLine(`	string sceneName = "Scene"`);
-    writer.appendLine(`}`);
-    writer.appendLine(`sceneName = "Scene"`);
-    writer.closeBlock(')');
-    writer.beginBlock();
-    writer.appendLine(`token preliminary:anchoring:type = "${arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type}"`);
-    if (arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type === 'plane')
-        writer.appendLine(`token preliminary:planeAnchoring:alignment = "${arAnchoringOptions.planeAnchoring.alignment}"`);
-    // bit hacky as we don't have a callback here yet. Relies on the fact that the image is named identical in the ImageTracking extension.
-    if (arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type === 'image')
-        writer.appendLine(`rel preliminary:imageAnchoring:referenceImage = </${context.document.name}/Scenes/Scene/AnchoringReferenceImage>`);
-    writer.appendLine();
-    const count = (object) => {
-        if (!object)
-            return 0;
-        let total = 1;
-        for (const child of object.children)
-            total += count(child);
-        return total;
-    };
-    const totalXformCount = count(context.document);
-    Progress.start("export-usdz-xforms", "export-usdz");
-    Progress.report("export-usdz-xforms", { totalSteps: totalXformCount, currentStep: 1 });
-    for (const child of context.document.children) {
-        buildXform(child, writer, context);
-    }
-    Progress.end("export-usdz-xforms");
-    Progress.report("export-usdz", "invoke onAfterHierarchy");
-    invokeAll(context, 'onAfterHierarchy', writer);
-    writer.closeBlock();
-    writer.closeBlock();
-    writer.appendLine(afterStageRoot());
-    writer.closeBlock();
-    Progress.report("export-usdz", "write to string");
-    context.output += writer.toString();
-}
-function addResources(object, context, resources) {
-    if (!object)
-        return;
-    const geometry = object.geometry;
-    const material = object.material;
-    if (geometry) {
-        if (material && ('isMeshStandardMaterial' in material && material.isMeshStandardMaterial ||
-            'isMeshBasicMaterial' in material && material.isMeshBasicMaterial ||
-            material.type === "MeshLineMaterial")) { // TODO convert unlit to lit+emissive
-            const geometryFileName = 'geometries/' + getGeometryName(geometry, object.name) + '.usda';
-            if (!(geometryFileName in context.files)) {
-                const action = () => {
-                    const meshObject = buildMeshObject(geometry, object.skinnedMesh?.skeleton?.bones, context.quickLookCompatible);
-                    context.files[geometryFileName] = buildUSDFileAsString(meshObject, context);
-                };
-                resources.push(action);
-            }
-        }
-        else {
-            console.warn('NeedleUSDZExporter: Unsupported material type (USDZ only supports MeshStandardMaterial)', material?.name);
-        }
-    }
-    if (material) {
-        if (!(material.uuid in context.materials)) {
-            context.materials[material.uuid] = material;
-        }
-    }
-    for (const ch of object.children) {
-        addResources(ch, context, resources);
-    }
-}
-async function invokeAll(context, name, writer = null) {
-    if (context.extensions) {
-        for (const ext of context.extensions) {
-            if (!ext)
-                continue;
-            if (typeof ext[name] === 'function') {
-                const method = ext[name];
-                const res = method.call(ext, context, writer);
-                if (res instanceof Promise) {
-                    await res;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-let _renderer = null;
-let renderTarget = null;
-let fullscreenQuadGeometry;
-let fullscreenQuadMaterial;
-let fullscreenQuad;
-/** Reads back a texture from the GPU (can be compressed, a render texture, or anything), optionally applies RGBA colorScale to it, and returns CPU data for further usage.
- * Note that there are WebGL / WebGPU rules preventing some use of data between WebGL contexts.
-*/
-async function decompressGpuTexture(texture, maxTextureSize = Infinity, renderer = null, colorScale = undefined) {
-    if (!fullscreenQuadGeometry)
-        fullscreenQuadGeometry = new PlaneGeometry(2, 2, 1, 1);
-    if (!fullscreenQuadMaterial)
-        fullscreenQuadMaterial = new ShaderMaterial({
-            uniforms: {
-                blitTexture: new Uniform(texture),
-                flipY: new Uniform(false),
-                scale: new Uniform(new Vector4(1, 1, 1, 1)),
-            },
-            vertexShader: `
-            varying vec2 vUv;
-			uniform bool flipY;
-            void main(){
-                vUv = uv;
-				if (flipY)
-					vUv.y = 1. - vUv.y;
-                gl_Position = vec4(position.xy * 1.0,0.,.999999);
-            }`,
-            fragmentShader: `
-            uniform sampler2D blitTexture;
-			uniform vec4 scale; 
-            varying vec2 vUv;
-
-            void main(){ 
-                gl_FragColor = vec4(vUv.xy, 0, 1);
-                
-                #ifdef IS_SRGB
-                gl_FragColor = sRGBTransferOETF( texture2D( blitTexture, vUv) );
-                #else
-                gl_FragColor = texture2D( blitTexture, vUv);
-                #endif
-				
-				gl_FragColor.rgba *= scale.rgba;
-            }`
-        });
-    // update uniforms
-    const uniforms = fullscreenQuadMaterial.uniforms;
-    uniforms.blitTexture.value = texture;
-    uniforms.flipY.value = false;
-    uniforms.scale.value = new Vector4(1, 1, 1, 1);
-    if (colorScale !== undefined)
-        uniforms.scale.value.copy(colorScale);
-    fullscreenQuadMaterial.defines.IS_SRGB = texture.colorSpace == SRGBColorSpace;
-    fullscreenQuadMaterial.needsUpdate = true;
-    if (!fullscreenQuad) {
-        fullscreenQuad = new Mesh(fullscreenQuadGeometry, fullscreenQuadMaterial);
-        fullscreenQuad.frustumCulled = false;
-    }
-    const _camera = new PerspectiveCamera();
-    const _scene = new Scene();
-    _scene.add(fullscreenQuad);
-    if (!renderer) {
-        renderer = _renderer = new WebGLRenderer({ antialias: false, alpha: true, premultipliedAlpha: false, preserveDrawingBuffer: true });
-    }
-    const width = Math.min(texture.image.width, maxTextureSize);
-    const height = Math.min(texture.image.height, maxTextureSize);
-    // dispose render target if the size is wrong
-    if (renderTarget && (renderTarget.width !== width || renderTarget.height !== height)) {
-        renderTarget.dispose();
-        renderTarget = null;
-    }
-    if (!renderTarget) {
-        renderTarget = new WebGLRenderTarget(width, height, { format: RGBAFormat, type: UnsignedByteType, minFilter: LinearFilter, magFilter: LinearFilter });
-    }
-    renderer.setRenderTarget(renderTarget);
-    renderer.setSize(width, height);
-    renderer.clear();
-    renderer.render(_scene, _camera);
-    if (_renderer) {
-        _renderer.dispose();
-        _renderer = null;
-    }
-    const buffer = new Uint8ClampedArray(renderTarget.width * renderTarget.height * 4);
-    renderer.readRenderTargetPixels(renderTarget, 0, 0, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height, buffer);
-    const imageData = new ImageData(buffer, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height, undefined);
-    const bmp = await createImageBitmap(imageData, { premultiplyAlpha: "none" });
-    return {
-        imageData,
-        imageBitmap: bmp
-    };
-}
-/** Checks if the given image is of a type with readable data and width/height */
-function isImageBitmap(image) {
-    return (typeof HTMLImageElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLImageElement) ||
-        (typeof HTMLCanvasElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLCanvasElement) ||
-        (typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && image instanceof OffscreenCanvas) ||
-        (typeof ImageBitmap !== 'undefined' && image instanceof ImageBitmap);
-}
-/** This method uses a 'bitmaprenderer' context and doesn't do any pixel manipulation.
- * This way, we can keep the alpha channel as it was, but we're losing the ability to do pixel manipulations or resize operations. */
-async function imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied(image, maxTextureSize = 4096) {
-    const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max(image.width, image.height);
-    const width = image.width * Math.min(1, scale);
-    const height = image.height * Math.min(1, scale);
-    const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(width, height);
-    const settings = { premultiplyAlpha: "none" };
-    if (image.width !== width)
-        settings.resizeWidth = width;
-    if (image.height !== height)
-        settings.resizeHeight = height;
-    const imageBitmap = await createImageBitmap(image, settings);
-    const ctx = canvas.getContext("bitmaprenderer");
-    if (ctx) {
-        ctx.transferFromImageBitmap(imageBitmap);
-    }
-    return canvas;
-}
-/** This method uses a '2d' canvas context for pixel manipulation, and can apply a color scale or Y flip to the given image.
- * Unfortunately, canvas always uses premultiplied data, and thus images with low alpha values (or multiplying by a=0) will result in black pixels.
- */
-async function imageToCanvas(image, color = undefined, flipY = false, maxTextureSize = 4096) {
-    if (isImageBitmap(image)) {
-        // max. canvas size on Safari is still 4096x4096
-        const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max(image.width, image.height);
-        const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(image.width * Math.min(1, scale), image.height * Math.min(1, scale));
-        const context = canvas.getContext('2d', { alpha: true, premultipliedAlpha: false });
-        if (!context)
-            throw new Error('Could not get canvas 2D context');
-        if (flipY === true) {
-            context.translate(0, canvas.height);
-            context.scale(1, -1);
-        }
-        context.drawImage(image, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
-        // Currently only used to apply opacity scale since QuickLook and usdview don't support that yet
-        if (color !== undefined) {
-            const r = color.x;
-            const g = color.y;
-            const b = color.z;
-            const a = color.w;
-            const imagedata = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
-            const data = imagedata.data;
-            for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
-                data[i + 0] = data[i + 0] * r;
-                data[i + 1] = data[i + 1] * g;
-                data[i + 2] = data[i + 2] * b;
-                data[i + 3] = data[i + 3] * a;
-            }
-            context.putImageData(imagedata, 0, 0);
-        }
-        return canvas;
-    }
-    else {
-        throw new Error('NeedleUSDZExporter: No valid image data found. Unable to process texture.');
-    }
-}
-//
-const PRECISION = 7;
-function buildHeader() {
-    return `#usda 1.0
-(
-    customLayerData = {
-        string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
-    }
-    metersPerUnit = 1
-    upAxis = "Y"
-)
-`;
-}
-function buildUSDFileAsString(dataToInsert, _context) {
-    let output = buildHeader();
-    output += dataToInsert;
-    return fflate.strToU8(output);
-}
-function getObjectId(object) {
-    return object.name.replace(/[-<>\(\)\[\]§$%&\/\\\=\?\,\;]/g, '') + '_' + object.id;
-}
-function getBoneName(bone) {
-    return makeNameSafe(bone.name || 'bone_' + bone.uuid);
-}
-function getGeometryName(geometry, _fallbackName) {
-    // Using object names here breaks instancing...
-    // So we removed fallbackName again. Downside: geometries don't have nice names...
-    // A better workaround would be that we actually name them on glTF import (so the geometry has a name, not the object)
-    return makeNameSafe(geometry.name || 'Geometry') + "_" + geometry.id;
-}
-function getMaterialName(material) {
-    return makeNameSafe(material.name || 'Material') + "_" + material.id;
-}
-function getPathToSkeleton(bone, assumedRoot) {
-    let path = getBoneName(bone);
-    let current = bone.parent;
-    while (current && current !== assumedRoot) {
-        path = getBoneName(current) + '/' + path;
-        current = current.parent;
-    }
-    return path;
-}
-// Xform
-export function buildXform(model, writer, context) {
-    if (model == null)
-        return;
-    Progress.report("export-usdz-xforms", { message: "buildXform " + model.displayName || model.name, autoStep: true });
-    // const matrix = model.matrix;
-    const transform = model.transform;
-    const geometry = model.geometry;
-    const material = model.material;
-    const camera = model.camera;
-    const name = model.name;
-    if (model.animations) {
-        for (const animation of model.animations) {
-            context.animations.push(animation);
-        }
-    }
-    // const transform = buildMatrix( matrix );
-    /*
-    if ( matrix.determinant() < 0 ) {
-
-        console.warn( 'NeedleUSDZExporter: USDZ does not support negative scales', name );
-
-    }
-    */
-    const isSkinnedMesh = geometry && geometry.isBufferGeometry && geometry.attributes.skinIndex !== undefined && geometry.attributes.skinIndex.count > 0;
-    const objType = isSkinnedMesh ? 'SkelRoot' : 'Xform';
-    const _apiSchemas = new Array();
-    // Specific case: the material is white unlit, the mesh has vertex colors, so we can
-    // export as displayColor directly
-    const isUnlitDisplayColor = material && material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial &&
-        material.color && material.color.r === 1 && material.color.g === 1 && material.color.b === 1 &&
-        !material.map && material.opacity === 1 &&
-        geometry?.attributes.color;
-    if (geometry?.attributes.color && !isUnlitDisplayColor) {
-        console.warn("NeedleUSDZExporter: Geometry has vertex colors. Vertex colors will only be shown in QuickLook for unlit materials with white color and no texture. Otherwise, they will be ignored.", model.displayName);
-    }
-    writer.appendLine();
-    if (geometry) {
-        writer.beginBlock(`def ${objType} "${name}"`, "(", false);
-        // NE-4084: To use the doubleSided workaround with skeletal meshes we'd have to 
-        // also emit extra data for jointIndices etc., so we're skipping skinned meshes here.
-        if (context.quickLookCompatible && material && material.side === DoubleSide && !isSkinnedMesh)
-            writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/${getGeometryName(geometry, name)}.usda@</Geometry_doubleSided>`);
-        else
-            writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/${getGeometryName(geometry, name)}.usda@</Geometry>`);
-        if (!isUnlitDisplayColor)
-            _apiSchemas.push("MaterialBindingAPI");
-        if (isSkinnedMesh)
-            _apiSchemas.push("SkelBindingAPI");
-    }
-    else if (camera && !context.quickLookCompatible)
-        writer.beginBlock(`def Camera "${name}"`, "(", false);
-    else if (model.type !== undefined)
-        writer.beginBlock(`def ${model.type} "${name}"`);
-    else // if (model.type === undefined)
-        writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "${name}"`, "(", false);
-    if (model.type === undefined) {
-        if (model.extraSchemas?.length)
-            _apiSchemas.push(...model.extraSchemas);
-        if (_apiSchemas.length)
-            writer.appendLine(`prepend apiSchemas = [${_apiSchemas.map(s => `"${s}"`).join(', ')}]`);
-    }
-    if (model.displayName)
-        writer.appendLine(`displayName = "${makeDisplayNameSafe(model.displayName)}"`);
-    if (camera || model.type === undefined) {
-        writer.closeBlock(")");
-        writer.beginBlock();
-    }
-    if (geometry && material) {
-        if (!isUnlitDisplayColor) {
-            const materialName = getMaterialName(material);
-            writer.appendLine(`rel material:binding = </StageRoot/Materials/${materialName}>`);
-        }
-        // Turns out QuickLook / RealityKit doesn't support the doubleSided attribute, so we
-        // work around that by emitting additional indices above, and then we shouldn't emit the attribute either as geometry is
-        // already doubleSided then.
-        if (!context.quickLookCompatible && material.side === DoubleSide) {
-            // double-sided is a mesh property in USD, we can apply it as `over` here
-            writer.beginBlock(`over "Geometry" `);
-            writer.appendLine(`uniform bool doubleSided = 1`);
-            writer.closeBlock();
-        }
-    }
-    let haveWrittenAnyXformOps = false;
-    if (isSkinnedMesh) {
-        writer.appendLine(`rel skel:skeleton = <Rig>`);
-        writer.appendLine(`rel skel:animationSource = <Rig/_anim>`);
-        haveWrittenAnyXformOps = false;
-        // writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${buildMatrix(new Matrix4())}` ); // always identity / in world space
-    }
-    else if (model.type === undefined) {
-        if (transform) {
-            haveWrittenAnyXformOps = haveWrittenAnyXformOps || (transform.position !== null || transform.quaternion !== null || transform.scale !== null);
-            if (transform.position) {
-                model.needsTranslate = true;
-                writer.appendLine(`double3 xformOp:translate = (${fn(transform.position.x)}, ${fn(transform.position.y)}, ${fn(transform.position.z)})`);
-            }
-            if (transform.quaternion) {
-                model.needsOrient = true;
-                writer.appendLine(`quatf xformOp:orient = (${fn(transform.quaternion.w)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.x)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.y)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.z)})`);
-            }
-            if (transform.scale) {
-                model.needsScale = true;
-                writer.appendLine(`double3 xformOp:scale = (${fn(transform.scale.x)}, ${fn(transform.scale.y)}, ${fn(transform.scale.z)})`);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    if (model.visibility !== undefined)
-        writer.appendLine(`token visibility = "${model.visibility}"`);
-    if (camera && !context.quickLookCompatible) {
-        if ('isOrthographicCamera' in camera && camera.isOrthographicCamera) {
-            writer.appendLine(`float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near}, ${camera.far})`);
-            writer.appendLine(`float horizontalAperture = ${((Math.abs(camera.left) + Math.abs(camera.right)) * 10).toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-            writer.appendLine(`float verticalAperture = ${((Math.abs(camera.top) + Math.abs(camera.bottom)) * 10).toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-            writer.appendLine('token projection = "orthographic"');
-        }
-        else if ('isPerspectiveCamera' in camera && camera.isPerspectiveCamera) {
-            writer.appendLine(`float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${camera.far.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
-            writer.appendLine(`float focalLength = ${camera.getFocalLength().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-            writer.appendLine(`float focusDistance = ${camera.focus.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-            writer.appendLine(`float horizontalAperture = ${camera.getFilmWidth().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-            writer.appendLine('token projection = "perspective"');
-            writer.appendLine(`float verticalAperture = ${camera.getFilmHeight().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-        }
-    }
-    if (model.onSerialize) {
-        model.onSerialize(writer, context);
-    }
-    // after serialization, we know which xformops to actually define here:
-    if (model.type === undefined) {
-        // TODO only write the necessary ones – this isn't trivial though because we need to know
-        // if some of them are animated, and then we need to include those.
-        // Best approach would likely be to write xformOpOrder _after_ onSerialize
-        // and keep track of what was written in onSerialize (e.g. model.needsTranslate = true)
-        const ops = new Array();
-        if (model.needsTranslate)
-            ops.push('"xformOp:translate"');
-        if (model.needsOrient)
-            ops.push('"xformOp:orient"');
-        if (model.needsScale)
-            ops.push('"xformOp:scale"');
-        if (ops.length)
-            writer.appendLine(`uniform token[] xformOpOrder = [${ops.join(', ')}]`);
-    }
-    if (model.children) {
-        writer.appendLine();
-        for (const ch of model.children) {
-            buildXform(ch, writer, context);
-        }
-    }
-    writer.closeBlock();
-}
-function fn(num) {
-    return Number.isInteger(num) ? num.toString() : num.toFixed(10);
-}
-function buildMatrix(matrix) {
-    const array = matrix.elements;
-    return `( ${buildMatrixRow(array, 0)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 4)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 8)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 12)} )`;
-}
-function buildMatrixRow(array, offset) {
-    return `(${fn(array[offset + 0])}, ${fn(array[offset + 1])}, ${fn(array[offset + 2])}, ${fn(array[offset + 3])})`;
-}
-// Mesh
-function buildMeshObject(geometry, bonesArray = [], quickLookCompatible = true) {
-    const mesh = buildMesh(geometry, bonesArray, quickLookCompatible);
-    return `
-def "Geometry"
-${mesh}
-`;
-}
-function buildMesh(geometry, bones = [], quickLookCompatible = true) {
-    const name = 'Geometry';
-    const attributes = geometry.attributes;
-    const count = attributes.position.count;
-    const hasBones = bones && bones.length > 0;
-    // We need to sort bones and all skinning data by path –
-    // Neither glTF nor three.js care, but in USD they must be sorted
-    // since the array defines the virtual hierarchy and is evaluated in that order
-    const sortedBones = [];
-    const indexMapping = [];
-    let sortedSkinIndex = new Array();
-    let sortedSkinIndexAttribute = attributes.skinIndex;
-    let bonesArray = "";
-    if (hasBones) {
-        const uuidsFound = [];
-        for (const bone of bones) {
-            // if (bone.parent!.type !== 'Bone')
-            {
-                sortedBones.push({ bone: bone, index: bones.indexOf(bone) });
-                uuidsFound.push(bone.uuid);
-            }
-        }
-        let maxSteps = 10_000;
-        while (uuidsFound.length < bones.length && maxSteps-- > 0) {
-            for (const sortedBone of sortedBones) {
-                const children = sortedBone.bone.children;
-                for (const childBone of children) {
-                    if (uuidsFound.indexOf(childBone.uuid) === -1 && bones.indexOf(childBone) !== -1) {
-                        sortedBones.push({ bone: childBone, index: bones.indexOf(childBone) });
-                        uuidsFound.push(childBone.uuid);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (maxSteps <= 0)
-            console.error("Failed to sort bones in skinned mesh", sortedBones, bones, uuidsFound);
-        // add structural nodes to the list of bones
-        for (const structuralNode of findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones)) {
-            sortedBones.push({ bone: structuralNode, index: sortedBones.length });
-        }
-        // sort bones by path – need to be sorted in the same order as during mesh export
-        const assumedRoot = sortedBones[0].bone.parent;
-        sortedBones.sort((a, b) => getPathToSkeleton(a.bone, assumedRoot) > getPathToSkeleton(b.bone, assumedRoot) ? 1 : -1);
-        bonesArray = sortedBones.map(x => "\"" + getPathToSkeleton(x.bone, assumedRoot) + "\"").join(', ');
-        // TODO we can probably skip the expensive attribute re-ordering if the bones were already in a correct order.
-        // That doesn't mean that they are strictly sorted by path – just that all parents strictly need to come first.
-        // build index mapping
-        for (const i in sortedBones) {
-            indexMapping[sortedBones[i].index] = parseInt(i);
-        }
-        // remap skin index attributes
-        const skinIndex = attributes.skinIndex;
-        sortedSkinIndex = new Array();
-        for (let i = 0; i < skinIndex.count; i++) {
-            const x = skinIndex.getX(i);
-            const y = skinIndex.getY(i);
-            const z = skinIndex.getZ(i);
-            const w = skinIndex.getW(i);
-            sortedSkinIndex.push(indexMapping[x], indexMapping[y], indexMapping[z], indexMapping[w]);
-        }
-        // turn it back into an attribute so the rest of the code doesn't need to learn a new thing
-        sortedSkinIndexAttribute = new BufferAttribute(new Uint16Array(sortedSkinIndex), 4);
-    }
-    const isSkinnedMesh = attributes.skinWeight && attributes.skinIndex;
-    return `
-{	
-    def Mesh "${name}" ${isSkinnedMesh ? `(
-        prepend apiSchemas = ["SkelBindingAPI"]
-    )` : ''}
-    {
-        int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount(geometry)}]
-        int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry)}]
-		${attributes.normal || quickLookCompatible ? // in QuickLook, normals are required, otherwise double-sided rendering doesn't work.
-        `normal3f[] normals = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.normal, count)}] (
-            interpolation = "vertex"
-        )` : ''}
-        point3f[] points = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.position, count)}]
-        ${attributes.uv ?
-        `texCoord2f[] primvars:st = [${buildVector2Array(attributes.uv, count, true)}] (
-            interpolation = "vertex"
-        )` : ''}
-		${attributes.uv1 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st1', attributes.uv1) : ''}
-		${attributes.uv2 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st2', attributes.uv2) : ''}
-		${attributes.uv3 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st3', attributes.uv3) : ''}
-		${isSkinnedMesh ?
-        `matrix4d primvars:skel:geomBindTransform = ( (1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1) ) (
-				elementSize = 1
-				interpolation = "constant"
-			)` : ''}
-		${attributes.skinIndex ?
-        `int[] primvars:skel:jointIndices = [${buildVector4Array(sortedSkinIndexAttribute, true)}] (
-			elementSize = 4
-			interpolation = "vertex"
-		)` : ''}
-		${attributes.skinWeight ?
-        `float[] primvars:skel:jointWeights = [${buildVector4Array(attributes.skinWeight)}] (
-			elementSize = 4
-			interpolation = "vertex"
-		)` : ''}
-		${attributes.color ?
-        `color3f[] primvars:displayColor = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.color, count)}] (
-			interpolation = "vertex"
-		)` : ''}
-        uniform token subdivisionScheme = "none"
-    }
-}
-${quickLookCompatible ? `
-# This is a workaround for QuickLook/RealityKit not supporting the doubleSided attribute. We're adding a second
-# geometry definition here, that uses the same mesh data but appends extra faces with reversed winding order.
-def "${name}_doubleSided" (
-	prepend references = </Geometry>
-)
-{
-	over "Geometry"
-	{
-		int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount(geometry) + ", " + buildMeshVertexCount(geometry)}]
-		int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry) + ", " + buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry, true)}]
-	}
-}
-` : ''}
-`;
-}
-function buildMeshVertexCount(geometry) {
-    const count = geometry.index !== null ? geometry.index.count : geometry.attributes.position.count;
-    return Array(Math.floor(count / 3)).fill(3).join(', ');
-}
-function buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry, reverseWinding = false) {
-    const index = geometry.index;
-    const array = [];
-    if (index !== null) {
-        for (let i = 0; i < index.count; i++) {
-            let val = i;
-            if (reverseWinding)
-                val = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
-            array.push(index.getX(val));
-        }
-    }
-    else {
-        const length = geometry.attributes.position.count;
-        for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-            let val = i;
-            if (reverseWinding)
-                val = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
-            array.push(val);
-        }
-    }
-    return array.join(', ');
-}
-/** Returns a string with the correct attribute declaration for the given attribute. Could have 2,3,4 components. */
-function buildCustomAttributeAccessor(primvarName, attribute) {
-    const count = attribute.itemSize;
-    switch (count) {
-        case 2:
-            // TODO: Check if we want to flip Y here as well. We do that for texcoords, but the data in UV1..N could be intended for other purposes.
-            return `texCoord2f[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector2Array(attribute, count, true)}] (
-				interpolation = "vertex"
-			)`;
-        case 3:
-            return `texCoord3f[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector3Array(attribute, count)}] (
-				interpolation = "vertex"
-			)`;
-        case 4:
-            return `double4[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector4Array2(attribute, count)}] (
-				interpolation = "vertex"
-			)`;
-        default:
-            console.warn('USDZExporter: Attribute with ' + count + ' components are currently not supported. Results may be undefined for ' + primvarName + '.');
-            return '';
-    }
-}
-function buildVector3Array(attribute, count) {
-    if (attribute === undefined) {
-        console.warn('USDZExporter: A mesh attribute is missing and will be set with placeholder data. The result may look incorrect.');
-        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0, 1)').join(', ');
-    }
-    const array = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
-        const x = attribute.getX(i);
-        const y = attribute.getY(i);
-        const z = attribute.getZ(i);
-        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${z.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
-    }
-    return array.join(', ');
-}
-function buildVector4Array2(attribute, count) {
-    if (attribute === undefined) {
-        console.warn('USDZExporter: Attribute is missing. Results may be undefined.');
-        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0, 0, 0)').join(', ');
-    }
-    const array = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
-        const x = attribute.getX(i);
-        const y = attribute.getY(i);
-        const z = attribute.getZ(i) || 0;
-        const w = attribute.getW(i) || 0;
-        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${z.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${w.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
-    }
-    return array.join(', ');
-}
-function buildVector4Array(attribute, ints = false) {
-    const array = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
-        const x = attribute.getX(i);
-        const y = attribute.getY(i);
-        const z = attribute.getZ(i);
-        const w = attribute.getW(i);
-        array.push(`${ints ? x : x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-        array.push(`${ints ? y : y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-        array.push(`${ints ? z : z.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-        array.push(`${ints ? w : w.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
-    }
-    return array.join(', ');
-}
-function buildVector2Array(attribute, count, flipY = false) {
-    if (attribute === undefined) {
-        console.warn('USDZExporter: UVs missing.');
-        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0)').join(', ');
-    }
-    const array = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
-        const x = attribute.getX(i);
-        let y = attribute.getY(i);
-        if (flipY)
-            y = 1 - y;
-        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
-    }
-    return array.join(', ');
-}
-// Materials
-function buildMaterials(materials, textures, quickLookCompatible = false) {
-    const array = [];
-    for (const uuid in materials) {
-        const material = materials[uuid];
-        array.push(buildMaterial(material, textures, quickLookCompatible));
-    }
-    return `
-	def "Materials"
-    {
-${array.join('')}
-    }`;
-}
-function buildMaterial(material, textures, quickLookCompatible = false) {
-    const materialName = getMaterialName(material);
-    // Special case: occluder material
-    // Supported on iOS 18+ and visionOS 1+
-    const isShadowCatcherMaterial = material.colorWrite === false ||
-        (material.userData?.isShadowCatcherMaterial || material.userData?.isLightBlendMaterial);
-    if (isShadowCatcherMaterial) {
-        // Two options here:
-        // - ND_realitykit_occlusion_surfaceshader (non-shadow receiving)
-        // - ND_realitykit_shadowreceiver_surfaceshader (shadow receiving)
-        const mode = (material.userData.isLightBlendMaterial || material.userData.isShadowCatcherMaterial)
-            ? "ND_realitykit_shadowreceiver_surfaceshader"
-            : "ND_realitykit_occlusion_surfaceshader";
-        return `
-
-		def Material "${materialName}" ${material.name ? `(
-			displayName = "${material.name}"
-		)` : ''}
-		{
-			token outputs:mtlx:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/Occlusion.outputs:out>
-
-			def Shader "Occlusion"
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "${mode}"
-				token outputs:out
-			}
-		}`;
-    }
-    // https://graphics.pixar.com/usd/docs/UsdPreviewSurface-Proposal.html
-    const pad = '                ';
-    const inputs = [];
-    const samplers = [];
-    const usedUVChannels = new Set();
-    function texName(tex) {
-        // If we have a source, we only want to use the source's id, not the texture's id
-        // to avoid exporting the same underlying data multiple times.
-        return makeNameSafe(tex.name) + '_' + (tex.source?.id ?? tex.id);
-    }
-    function buildTexture(texture, mapType, color = undefined, opacity = undefined) {
-        const name = texName(texture);
-        // File names need to be unique; so when we're baking color and/or opacity into a texture we need to keep track of that.
-        // TODO This currently results in textures potentially being exported multiple times that are actually identical!
-        // const colorHex = color ? color.getHexString() : undefined;
-        // const colorId = ( color && colorHex != 'ffffff' ? '_' + color.getHexString() : '' );
-        const id = name + (opacity !== undefined && opacity !== 1.0 ? '_' + opacity : '');
-        // Seems neither QuickLook nor usdview support scale/bias on .a values, so we need to bake opacity multipliers into
-        // the texture. This is not ideal.
-        const opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale = quickLookCompatible && opacity !== undefined && opacity !== 1.0;
-        const scaleToApply = opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale ? new Vector4(1, 1, 1, opacity) : undefined;
-        // Treat undefined opacity as 1
-        if (opacity === undefined)
-            opacity = 1.0;
-        // When we're baking opacity into the texture, we shouldn't apply it as scale as well – so we set it to 1.
-        if (opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale)
-            opacity = 1.0;
-        // sanitize scaleToApply.w === 0 - this isn't working right now, seems the PNG can't be read back properly.
-        if (scaleToApply && scaleToApply.w <= 0.05)
-            scaleToApply.w = 0.05;
-        textures[id] = { texture, scale: scaleToApply };
-        const uv = texture.channel > 0 ? 'st' + texture.channel : 'st';
-        usedUVChannels.add(texture.channel);
-        const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes(texture.format);
-        const WRAPPINGS = {
-            1000: 'repeat',
-            1001: 'clamp',
-            1002: 'mirror' // MirroredRepeatWrapping
-        };
-        const repeat = texture.repeat.clone();
-        const offset = texture.offset.clone();
-        const rotation = texture.rotation;
-        // rotation is around the wrong point. after rotation we need to shift offset again so that we're rotating around the right spot
-        const xRotationOffset = Math.sin(rotation);
-        const yRotationOffset = Math.cos(rotation);
-        // texture coordinates start in the opposite corner, need to correct
-        offset.y = 1 - offset.y - repeat.y;
-        // turns out QuickLook is buggy and interprets texture repeat inverted.
-        // Apple Feedback: 	FB10036297 and FB11442287
-        if (quickLookCompatible) {
-            // This is NOT correct yet in QuickLook, but comes close for a range of models.
-            // It becomes more incorrect the bigger the offset is
-            // sanitize repeat values to avoid NaNs
-            if (repeat.x === 0)
-                repeat.x = 0.0001;
-            if (repeat.y === 0)
-                repeat.y = 0.0001;
-            offset.x = offset.x / repeat.x;
-            offset.y = offset.y / repeat.y;
-            offset.x += xRotationOffset / repeat.x;
-            offset.y += yRotationOffset - 1;
-        }
-        else {
-            // results match glTF results exactly. verified correct in usdview.
-            offset.x += xRotationOffset * repeat.x;
-            offset.y += (1 - yRotationOffset) * repeat.y;
-        }
-        const needsTextureTransform = (repeat.x != 1 || repeat.y != 1 || offset.x != 0 || offset.y != 0 || rotation != 0);
-        const textureTransformInput = `${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${'uvReader_' + uv}.outputs:result>`;
-        const textureTransformOutput = `${materialRoot}/${materialName}/Transform2d_${mapType}.outputs:result>`;
-        const needsTextureScale = mapType !== 'normal' && (color && (color.r !== 1 || color.g !== 1 || color.b !== 1 || opacity !== 1)) || false;
-        const needsNormalScaleAndBias = mapType === 'normal';
-        const normalScale = material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ? (material.normalScale ? material.normalScale.x * 2 : 2) : 2;
-        const normalScaleValueString = normalScale.toFixed(PRECISION);
-        const normalBiasString = (-1 * (normalScale / 2)).toFixed(PRECISION);
-        const normalBiasZString = (1 - normalScale).toFixed(PRECISION);
-        return `
-			${needsTextureTransform ? `def Shader "Transform2d_${mapType}" (
-				sdrMetadata = {
-					string role = "math"
-				}
-			)
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "UsdTransform2d"
-				float2 inputs:in.connect = ${textureTransformInput}
-				float2 inputs:scale = ${buildVector2(repeat)}
-				float2 inputs:translation = ${buildVector2(offset)}
-				float inputs:rotation = ${(rotation / Math.PI * 180).toFixed(PRECISION)}
-				float2 outputs:result
-			}
-			` : ''}
-			def Shader "${name}_${mapType}"
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "UsdUVTexture"
-				asset inputs:file = @textures/${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}@
-				token inputs:sourceColorSpace = "${texture.colorSpace === 'srgb' ? 'sRGB' : 'raw'}"
-				float2 inputs:st.connect = ${needsTextureTransform ? textureTransformOutput : textureTransformInput}
-				${needsTextureScale ? `
-				float4 inputs:scale = (${color ? color.r + ', ' + color.g + ', ' + color.b : '1, 1, 1'}, ${opacity})
-				` : ``}
-				${needsNormalScaleAndBias ? `
-				float4 inputs:scale = (${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, 1)
-				float4 inputs:bias = (${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasZString}, 0)
-				` : ``}
-				token inputs:wrapS = "${WRAPPINGS[texture.wrapS]}"
-				token inputs:wrapT = "${WRAPPINGS[texture.wrapT]}"
-				float outputs:r
-				float outputs:g
-				float outputs:b
-				float3 outputs:rgb
-				${material.transparent || material.alphaTest > 0.0 ? 'float outputs:a' : ''}
-			}`;
-    }
-    let effectiveOpacity = (material.transparent || material.alphaTest) ? material.opacity : 1;
-    let haveConnectedOpacity = false;
-    let haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = false;
-    if (material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial && material.transmission !== undefined) {
-        // TODO does not help when a roughnessMap is used
-        effectiveOpacity *= (1 - material.transmission * (1 - (material.roughness * 0.5)));
-    }
-    if (material.map) {
-        inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:rgb>`);
-        // Enforce alpha hashing in QuickLook for unlit materials
-        if (material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial && material.transparent && material.alphaTest == 0.0 && quickLookCompatible) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
-            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
-            // see below – QuickLook applies alpha hashing instead of pure blending when
-            // both opacity and opacityThreshold are connected
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${0.0000000001}`);
-            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
-        }
-        else if (material.transparent) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
-            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
-        }
-        else if (material.alphaTest > 0.0) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
-            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}`);
-            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
-        }
-        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.map, 'diffuse', material.color, effectiveOpacity));
-    }
-    else {
-        inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor = ${buildColor(material.color)}`);
-    }
-    if (material.alphaHash && quickLookCompatible) {
-        // Seems we can do this to basically enforce alpha hashing / dithered transparency in QuickLook – 
-        // works completely different in usdview though...
-        if (haveConnectedOpacityThreshold) {
-            console.warn('Opacity threshold for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping alphaHash opacity threshold.');
-        }
-        else {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0000000001`);
-            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
-        }
-    }
-    if (material.aoMap) {
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:occlusion.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.aoMap)}_occlusion.outputs:r>`);
-        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.aoMap, 'occlusion'));
-    }
-    if (material.alphaMap) {
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.alphaMap)}_opacity.outputs:r>`);
-        // TODO this is likely not correct and will prevent blending from working correctly – masking will be used instead
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0000000001`);
-        haveConnectedOpacity = true;
-        haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
-        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.alphaMap, 'opacity', new Color(1, 1, 1), effectiveOpacity));
-    }
-    else { // opacity will always be connected if we have a map
-        if (haveConnectedOpacity) {
-            console.warn('Opacity for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping default opacity.');
-        }
-        else {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity = ${effectiveOpacity}`);
-            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
-        }
-        if (material.alphaTest > 0.0) {
-            if (haveConnectedOpacityThreshold) {
-                console.warn('Opacity threshold for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping default opacity threshold.');
-            }
-            else {
-                inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}`);
-                haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    if (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial) {
-        if (material.emissiveMap) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.emissiveMap)}_emissive.outputs:rgb>`);
-            const color = material.emissive.clone();
-            color.multiplyScalar(material.emissiveIntensity);
-            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.emissiveMap, 'emissive', color));
-        }
-        else if (material.emissive?.getHex() > 0) {
-            const color = material.emissive.clone();
-            color.multiplyScalar(material.emissiveIntensity);
-            inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = ${buildColor(color)}`);
-        }
-        else {
-            // We don't need to export (0,0,0) as emissive color
-            // inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = (0, 0, 0)` );
-        }
-        if (material.normalMap) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}normal3f inputs:normal.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.normalMap)}_normal.outputs:rgb>`);
-            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.normalMap, 'normal'));
-        }
-        if (material.roughnessMap && material.roughness === 1) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:roughness.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.roughnessMap)}_roughness.outputs:g>`);
-            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.roughnessMap, 'roughness'));
-        }
-        else {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:roughness = ${material.roughness !== undefined ? material.roughness : 1}`);
-        }
-        if (material.metalnessMap && material.metalness === 1) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:metallic.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.metalnessMap)}_metallic.outputs:b>`);
-            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.metalnessMap, 'metallic'));
-        }
-        else {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:metallic = ${material.metalness !== undefined ? material.metalness : 0}`);
-        }
-    }
-    if (material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial) {
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:clearcoat = ${material.clearcoat}`);
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:clearcoatRoughness = ${material.clearcoatRoughness}`);
-        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:ior = ${material.ior}`);
-        if (!material.transparent && !(material.alphaTest > 0.0) && material.transmissionMap) {
-            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.transmissionMap)}_transmission.outputs:r>`);
-            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.transmissionMap, 'transmission'));
-        }
-    }
-    // check if usedUVChannels contains any data besides exactly 0 or 1
-    if (usedUVChannels.size > 2) {
-        console.warn('USDZExporter: Material ' + material.name + ' uses more than 2 UV channels. Currently, only UV0 and UV1 are supported.');
-    }
-    else if (usedUVChannels.size === 2) {
-        // check if it's exactly 0 and 1
-        if (!usedUVChannels.has(0) || !usedUVChannels.has(1)) {
-            console.warn('USDZExporter: Material ' + material.name + ' uses UV channels other than 0 and 1. Currently, only UV0 and UV1 are supported.');
-        }
-    }
-    return `
-
-		def Material "${materialName}" ${material.name ? `(
-			displayName = "${makeDisplayNameSafe(material.name)}"
-		)` : ''}
-		{
-			token outputs:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>
-
-			def Shader "PreviewSurface"
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
-${inputs.join('\n')}
-				int inputs:useSpecularWorkflow = ${material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial ? '1' : '0'}
-				token outputs:surface
-			}
-${samplers.length > 0 ? `
-${usedUVChannels.has(0) ? `
-			def Shader "uvReader_st"
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
-				token inputs:varname = "st"
-				float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
-				float2 outputs:result
-			}
-` : ''}
-${usedUVChannels.has(1) ? `
-			def Shader "uvReader_st1"
-			{
-				uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
-				token inputs:varname = "st1"
-				float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
-				float2 outputs:result
-			}
-` : ''}
-${samplers.join('\n')}` : ''}
-		}`;
-}
-function buildColor(color) {
-    return `(${color.r}, ${color.g}, ${color.b})`;
-}
-function buildVector2(vector) {
-    return `(${vector.x}, ${vector.y})`;
-}
-const formatsWithAlphaChannel = [
-    // uncompressed formats with alpha channel
-    1023,
-    // compressed formats with alpha channel
-    33777,
-    33778,
-    33779,
-    35842,
-    35843,
-    37496,
-    37808,
-    37809,
-    37810,
-    37811,
-    37812,
-    37813,
-    37814,
-    37815,
-    37816,
-    37817,
-    37818,
-    37819,
-    37820,
-    37821,
-    36492, // RGBA_BPTC_Format
-];
-export { buildMatrix, decompressGpuTexture, findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy, getBoneName, getMaterialName as getMaterialNameForUSD, getPathToSkeleton, imageToCanvas, imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied, makeNameSafe as makeNameSafeForUSD, USDDocument, fn as usdNumberFormatting, USDObject, USDWriter, USDZExporter, USDZExporterContext, };
+import '../../../engine/engine_shims.js';
+import { BufferAttribute, Color, DoubleSide, LinearFilter, Material, MathUtils, Matrix4, Mesh, MeshBasicMaterial, MeshPhysicalMaterial, MeshStandardMaterial, OrthographicCamera, PerspectiveCamera, PlaneGeometry, Quaternion, RGBAFormat, Scene, ShaderMaterial, SkinnedMesh, SRGBColorSpace, Uniform, UnsignedByteType, Vector3, Vector4, WebGLRenderer, WebGLRenderTarget } from 'three';
+import * as fflate from 'three/examples/jsm/libs/fflate.module.js';
+import { VERSION } from "../../../engine/engine_constants.js";
+import { Progress } from '../../../engine/engine_time_utils.js';
+function makeNameSafe(str) {
+    // Remove characters that are not allowed in USD ASCII identifiers
+    str = str.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9_]/g, '');
+    // If name doesn't start with a-zA-Z_, add _ to the beginning – required by USD
+    if (!str.match(/^[a-zA-Z_]/))
+        str = '_' + str;
+    return str;
+}
+function makeDisplayNameSafe(str) {
+    str = str.replace("\"", "\\\"");
+    return str;
+}
+// TODO check if this works when bones in the skeleton are completely unordered
+function findCommonAncestor(objects) {
+    if (objects.length === 0)
+        return null;
+    const ancestors = objects.map((obj) => {
+        const objAncestors = new Array();
+        while (obj.parent) {
+            objAncestors.unshift(obj.parent);
+            obj = obj.parent;
+        }
+        return objAncestors;
+    });
+    //@ts-ignore – findLast seems to be missing in TypeScript types pre-5.x
+    const commonAncestor = ancestors[0].findLast((ancestor) => {
+        return ancestors.every((a) => a.includes(ancestor));
+    });
+    return commonAncestor || null;
+}
+function findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones) {
+    const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
+    // find all structural nodes – parents of bones that are not bones themselves
+    const structuralNodes = new Set();
+    for (const bone of bones) {
+        let current = bone.parent;
+        while (current && current !== commonAncestor) {
+            if (!bones.includes(current)) {
+                structuralNodes.add(current);
+            }
+            current = current.parent;
+        }
+    }
+    return structuralNodes;
+}
+const PositionIdentity = new Vector3();
+const QuaternionIdentity = new Quaternion();
+const ScaleIdentity = new Vector3(1, 1, 1);
+class USDObject {
+    static USDObject_export_id = 0;
+    uuid;
+    name;
+    /** If no type is provided, type is chosen automatically (Xform or Mesh) */
+    type;
+    /** MaterialBindingAPI and SkelBindingAPI are handled automatically, extra schemas can be added here */
+    extraSchemas = [];
+    displayName;
+    visibility; // defaults to "inherited" in USD
+    getMatrix() {
+        if (!this.transform)
+            return new Matrix4();
+        const { position, quaternion, scale } = this.transform;
+        const matrix = new Matrix4();
+        matrix.compose(position || PositionIdentity, quaternion || QuaternionIdentity, scale || ScaleIdentity);
+        return matrix;
+    }
+    setMatrix(value) {
+        if (!value || !(value instanceof Matrix4)) {
+            this.transform = null;
+            return;
+        }
+        const position = new Vector3();
+        const quaternion = new Quaternion();
+        const scale = new Vector3();
+        value.decompose(position, quaternion, scale);
+        this.transform = { position, quaternion, scale };
+    }
+    /** @deprecated Use `transform`, or `getMatrix()` if you really need the matrix */
+    get matrix() { return this.getMatrix(); }
+    /** @deprecated Use `transform`, or `setMatrix()` if you really need the matrix */
+    set matrix(value) { this.setMatrix(value); }
+    transform = null;
+    _isDynamic;
+    get isDynamic() { return this._isDynamic; }
+    set isDynamic(value) { this._isDynamic = value; }
+    geometry;
+    material;
+    camera;
+    parent;
+    skinnedMesh;
+    children = [];
+    animations;
+    _eventListeners;
+    // these are for tracking which xformops are needed
+    needsTranslate = false;
+    needsOrient = false;
+    needsScale = false;
+    static createEmptyParent(object) {
+        const emptyParent = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), object.name + '_empty_' + (USDObject.USDObject_export_id++), object.transform);
+        const parent = object.parent;
+        if (parent)
+            parent.add(emptyParent);
+        emptyParent.add(object);
+        emptyParent.isDynamic = true;
+        object.transform = null;
+        return emptyParent;
+    }
+    static createEmpty() {
+        const empty = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), 'Empty_' + (USDObject.USDObject_export_id++));
+        empty.isDynamic = true;
+        return empty;
+    }
+    constructor(id, name, transform = null, mesh = null, material = null, camera = null, skinnedMesh = null, animations = null) {
+        this.uuid = id;
+        this.name = makeNameSafe(name);
+        this.displayName = name;
+        if (!transform)
+            this.transform = null;
+        else
+            this.transform = {
+                position: transform.position?.clone() || null,
+                quaternion: transform.quaternion?.clone() || null,
+                scale: transform.scale?.clone() || null
+            };
+        this.geometry = mesh;
+        this.material = material;
+        this.camera = camera;
+        this.parent = null;
+        this.children = [];
+        this._eventListeners = {};
+        this._isDynamic = false;
+        this.skinnedMesh = skinnedMesh;
+        this.animations = animations;
+    }
+    is(obj) {
+        if (!obj)
+            return false;
+        return this.uuid === obj.uuid;
+    }
+    isEmpty() {
+        return !this.geometry;
+    }
+    clone() {
+        const clone = new USDObject(MathUtils.generateUUID(), this.name, this.transform, this.geometry, this.material);
+        clone.isDynamic = this.isDynamic;
+        return clone;
+    }
+    deepClone() {
+        const clone = this.clone();
+        for (const child of this.children) {
+            if (!child)
+                continue;
+            clone.add(child.deepClone());
+        }
+        return clone;
+    }
+    getPath() {
+        let current = this.parent;
+        let path = this.name;
+        while (current) {
+            // StageRoot has a special path right now since there's additional Xforms for encapsulation.
+            // Better would be to actually model them as part of our object graph, but they're written separately,
+            // so currently we don't and instead work around that here.
+            const currentName = current.parent ? current.name : (current.name + "/Scenes/Scene");
+            path = currentName + '/' + path;
+            current = current.parent;
+        }
+        return '</' + path + '>';
+    }
+    add(child) {
+        if (child.parent) {
+            child.parent.remove(child);
+        }
+        child.parent = this;
+        this.children.push(child);
+    }
+    remove(child) {
+        const index = this.children.indexOf(child);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            if (child.parent === this)
+                child.parent = null;
+            this.children.splice(index, 1);
+        }
+    }
+    addEventListener(evt, listener) {
+        if (!this._eventListeners[evt])
+            this._eventListeners[evt] = [];
+        this._eventListeners[evt].push(listener);
+    }
+    removeEventListener(evt, listener) {
+        if (!this._eventListeners[evt])
+            return;
+        const index = this._eventListeners[evt].indexOf(listener);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            this._eventListeners[evt].splice(index, 1);
+        }
+    }
+    onSerialize(writer, context) {
+        const listeners = this._eventListeners['serialize'];
+        if (listeners)
+            listeners.forEach(listener => listener(writer, context));
+    }
+}
+class USDDocument extends USDObject {
+    stageLength;
+    get isDocumentRoot() {
+        return true;
+    }
+    get isDynamic() {
+        return false;
+    }
+    constructor() {
+        super(undefined, 'StageRoot', null, null, null, null);
+        this.children = [];
+        this.stageLength = 200;
+    }
+    add(child) {
+        child.parent = this;
+        this.children.push(child);
+    }
+    remove(child) {
+        const index = this.children.indexOf(child);
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            if (child.parent === this)
+                child.parent = null;
+            this.children.splice(index, 1);
+        }
+    }
+    traverse(callback, current = null) {
+        if (current !== null)
+            callback(current);
+        else
+            current = this;
+        if (current.children) {
+            for (const child of current.children) {
+                this.traverse(callback, child);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    findById(uuid) {
+        let found = false;
+        function search(current) {
+            if (found)
+                return undefined;
+            if (current.uuid === uuid) {
+                found = true;
+                return current;
+            }
+            if (current.children) {
+                for (const child of current.children) {
+                    if (!child)
+                        continue;
+                    const res = search(child);
+                    if (res)
+                        return res;
+                }
+            }
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return search(this);
+    }
+    buildHeader(_context) {
+        const animationExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'animation');
+        const behaviorExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'Behaviour');
+        const physicsExtension = _context.extensions?.find(ext => ext?.extensionName === 'Physics');
+        const startTimeCode = animationExtension?.getStartTimeCode() ?? 0;
+        const endTimeCode = animationExtension?.getEndTimeCode() ?? 0;
+        let comment = "";
+        const registeredClips = animationExtension?.registeredClips;
+        if (registeredClips) {
+            for (const clip of registeredClips) {
+                comment += `\t# Animation: ${clip.name}, start=${animationExtension.getStartTimeByClip(clip) * 60}, length=${clip.duration * 60}\n`;
+            }
+        }
+        const comments = comment;
+        return `#usda 1.0
+(
+	customLayerData = {
+		string creator = "Needle Engine ${VERSION}"
+		dictionary Needle = {
+			bool animations = ${animationExtension ? 1 : 0}
+			bool interactive = ${behaviorExtension ? 1 : 0}
+			bool physics = ${physicsExtension ? 1 : 0}
+			bool quickLookCompatible = ${_context.quickLookCompatible ? 1 : 0}
+		}
+	}
+	defaultPrim = "${makeNameSafe(this.name)}"
+	metersPerUnit = 1
+	upAxis = "Y"
+	startTimeCode = ${startTimeCode}
+	endTimeCode = ${endTimeCode}
+	timeCodesPerSecond = 60
+	framesPerSecond = 60
+	doc = """Generated by Needle Engine USDZ Exporter ${VERSION}"""
+${comments}
+)
+`;
+    }
+}
+const newLine = '\n';
+const materialRoot = '</StageRoot/Materials';
+class USDWriter {
+    str;
+    indent;
+    constructor() {
+        this.str = '';
+        this.indent = 0;
+    }
+    clear() {
+        this.str = '';
+        this.indent = 0;
+    }
+    beginBlock(str = undefined, char = '{', createNewLine = true) {
+        if (str !== undefined) {
+            str = this.applyIndent(str);
+            this.str += str;
+            if (createNewLine) {
+                this.str += newLine;
+                this.str += this.applyIndent(char);
+            }
+            else {
+                this.str += " " + char;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            this.str += this.applyIndent(char);
+        }
+        this.str += newLine;
+        this.indent += 1;
+    }
+    closeBlock(char = '}') {
+        this.indent -= 1;
+        this.str += this.applyIndent(char) + newLine;
+    }
+    beginArray(str) {
+        str = this.applyIndent(str + ' = [');
+        this.str += str;
+        this.str += newLine;
+        this.indent += 1;
+    }
+    closeArray() {
+        this.indent -= 1;
+        this.str += this.applyIndent(']') + newLine;
+    }
+    appendLine(str = '') {
+        str = this.applyIndent(str);
+        this.str += str;
+        this.str += newLine;
+    }
+    toString() {
+        return this.str;
+    }
+    applyIndent(str) {
+        let indents = '';
+        for (let i = 0; i < this.indent; i++)
+            indents += '\t';
+        return indents + str;
+    }
+}
+class USDZExporterContext {
+    root;
+    exporter;
+    extensions = [];
+    quickLookCompatible;
+    exportInvisible;
+    materials;
+    textures;
+    files;
+    document;
+    output;
+    animations;
+    constructor(root, exporter, options) {
+        this.root = root;
+        this.exporter = exporter;
+        this.quickLookCompatible = options.quickLookCompatible;
+        this.exportInvisible = options.exportInvisible;
+        if (options.extensions)
+            this.extensions = options.extensions;
+        this.materials = new Map();
+        this.textures = {};
+        this.files = {};
+        this.document = new USDDocument();
+        this.output = '';
+        this.animations = [];
+    }
+}
+class USDZExporterOptions {
+    ar = {
+        anchoring: { type: 'plane' },
+        planeAnchoring: { alignment: 'horizontal' }
+    };
+    quickLookCompatible = false;
+    extensions = [];
+    maxTextureSize = 4096;
+    exportInvisible = false;
+}
+class USDZExporter {
+    debug;
+    pruneUnusedNodes;
+    sceneAnchoringOptions = new USDZExporterOptions();
+    extensions = [];
+    keepObject;
+    beforeWritingDocument;
+    constructor() {
+        this.debug = false;
+        this.pruneUnusedNodes = true;
+    }
+    async parse(scene, options = new USDZExporterOptions()) {
+        options = Object.assign(new USDZExporterOptions(), options);
+        this.sceneAnchoringOptions = options;
+        const context = new USDZExporterContext(scene, this, options);
+        this.extensions = context.extensions;
+        const files = context.files;
+        const modelFileName = 'model.usda';
+        // model file should be first in USDZ archive so we init it here
+        files[modelFileName] = null;
+        const materials = context.materials;
+        const textures = context.textures;
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Invoking onBeforeBuildDocument");
+        await invokeAll(context, 'onBeforeBuildDocument');
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Done onBeforeBuildDocument");
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Reparent bones to common ancestor");
+        // Find all skeletons and reparent them to their skelroot / armature / uppermost bone parent.
+        // This may not be correct in all cases.
+        const reparentings = [];
+        const allReparentingObjects = new Set();
+        scene?.traverse(object => {
+            if (!options.exportInvisible && !object.visible)
+                return;
+            if (object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
+                const bones = object.skeleton.bones;
+                const commonAncestor = findCommonAncestor(bones);
+                if (commonAncestor) {
+                    const newReparenting = { object, originalParent: object.parent, newParent: commonAncestor };
+                    reparentings.push(newReparenting);
+                    // keep track of which nodes are important for skeletal export consistency
+                    allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.object.uuid);
+                    if (newReparenting.newParent)
+                        allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.newParent.uuid);
+                    if (newReparenting.originalParent)
+                        allReparentingObjects.add(newReparenting.originalParent.uuid);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+        for (const reparenting of reparentings) {
+            const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
+            newParent.add(object);
+        }
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Traversing hierarchy");
+        if (scene)
+            traverse(scene, context.document, context, this.keepObject);
+        // Root object should have identity matrix
+        // so that root transformations don't end up in the resulting file.
+        // if (context.document.children?.length > 0)
+        // 	context.document.children[0]?.matrix.identity(); //.multiply(new Matrix4().makeRotationY(Math.PI));
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', "Invoking onAfterBuildDocument");
+        await invokeAll(context, 'onAfterBuildDocument');
+        // At this point, we know all animated objects, all skinned mesh objects, and all objects targeted by behaviors.
+        // We can prune all empty nodes (no geometry or material) depth-first.
+        // This avoids unnecessary export of e.g. animated bones as nodes when they have no children
+        // (for example, a sword attached to a hand still needs that entire hierarchy exported)
+        const behaviorExt = context.extensions.find(ext => ext.extensionName === 'Behaviour');
+        const allBehaviorTargets = behaviorExt?.getAllTargetUuids() ?? new Set();
+        // Prune pass. Depth-first removal of nodes that don't affect the outcome of the scene.
+        if (this.pruneUnusedNodes) {
+            const options = {
+                allBehaviorTargets,
+                debug: false,
+                boneReparentings: allReparentingObjects,
+                quickLookCompatible: context.quickLookCompatible,
+            };
+            if (this.debug)
+                logUsdHierarchy(context.document, "Hierarchy BEFORE pruning", options);
+            prune(context.document, options);
+            if (this.debug)
+                logUsdHierarchy(context.document, "Hierarchy AFTER pruning");
+        }
+        else if (this.debug) {
+            console.log("Pruning of empty nodes is disabled. This may result in a larger USDZ file.");
+        }
+        Progress.report('export-usdz', { message: "Parsing document", autoStep: 10 });
+        await parseDocument(context, () => {
+            // injected after stageRoot.
+            // TODO property use context/writer instead of string concat
+            Progress.report('export-usdz', "Building materials");
+            const result = buildMaterials(materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible);
+            return result;
+        });
+        Progress.report("export-usdz", "Invoking onAfterSerialize");
+        await invokeAll(context, 'onAfterSerialize');
+        // repair the parenting again
+        for (const reparenting of reparentings) {
+            const { object, originalParent, newParent } = reparenting;
+            if (originalParent)
+                originalParent.add(object);
+        }
+        // Moved into parseDocument callback for proper defaultPrim encapsulation
+        // context.output += buildMaterials( materials, textures, options.quickLookCompatible );
+        // callback for validating after all export has been done
+        context.exporter?.beforeWritingDocument?.();
+        const header = context.document.buildHeader(context);
+        const final = header + '\n' + context.output;
+        // full output file
+        if (this.debug)
+            console.log(final);
+        files[modelFileName] = fflate.strToU8(final);
+        context.output = '';
+        Progress.report("export-usdz", { message: "Exporting textures", autoStep: 10 });
+        Progress.start("export-usdz-textures", { parentScope: "export-usdz", logTimings: false });
+        const decompressionRenderer = new WebGLRenderer({
+            antialias: false,
+            alpha: true,
+            premultipliedAlpha: false,
+            preserveDrawingBuffer: true
+        });
+        const textureCount = Object.keys(textures).length;
+        Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { totalSteps: textureCount * 3, currentStep: 0 });
+        const convertTexture = async (id) => {
+            const textureData = textures[id];
+            const texture = textureData.texture;
+            const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes(texture.format);
+            // Change: we need to always read back the texture now, otherwise the unpremultiplied workflow doesn't work.
+            let img = {
+                imageData: texture.image
+            };
+            Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "read back texture", autoStep: true });
+            const anyColorScale = textureData.scale !== undefined && textureData.scale.x !== 1 && textureData.scale.y !== 1 && textureData.scale.z !== 1 && textureData.scale.w !== 1;
+            // @ts-ignore
+            if (texture.isCompressedTexture || texture.isRenderTargetTexture || anyColorScale) {
+                img = await decompressGpuTexture(texture, options.maxTextureSize, decompressionRenderer, textureData.scale);
+            }
+            Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "convert texture to canvas", autoStep: true });
+            const canvas = await imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied(img.imageBitmap || img.imageData, options.maxTextureSize).catch(err => {
+                console.error("Error converting texture to canvas", texture, err);
+            });
+            if (canvas) {
+                Progress.report("export-usdz-textures", { message: "convert canvas to blob", autoStep: true });
+                const blob = await canvas.convertToBlob({ type: isRGBA ? 'image/png' : 'image/jpeg', quality: 0.95 });
+                files[`textures/${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}`] = new Uint8Array(await blob.arrayBuffer());
+            }
+            else {
+                console.warn('Can`t export texture: ', texture);
+            }
+        };
+        for (const id in textures) {
+            await convertTexture(id);
+        }
+        decompressionRenderer.dispose();
+        // 64 byte alignment
+        // https://github.com/101arrowz/fflate/issues/39#issuecomment-777263109
+        Progress.end("export-usdz-textures");
+        let offset = 0;
+        for (const filename in files) {
+            const file = files[filename];
+            const headerSize = 34 + filename.length;
+            offset += headerSize;
+            const offsetMod64 = offset & 63;
+            if (offsetMod64 !== 4) {
+                const padLength = 64 - offsetMod64;
+                const padding = new Uint8Array(padLength);
+                files[filename] = [file, { extra: { 12345: padding } }];
+            }
+            offset = file.length;
+        }
+        Progress.report("export-usdz", "zip archive");
+        return fflate.zipSync(files, { level: 0 });
+    }
+}
+function traverse(object, parentModel, context, keepObject) {
+    if (!context.exportInvisible && !object.visible)
+        return;
+    let model = undefined;
+    let geometry = undefined;
+    let material = undefined;
+    const transform = { position: object.position, quaternion: object.quaternion, scale: object.scale };
+    if (object.position.x === 0 && object.position.y === 0 && object.position.z === 0)
+        transform.position = null;
+    if (object.quaternion.x === 0 && object.quaternion.y === 0 && object.quaternion.z === 0 && object.quaternion.w === 1)
+        transform.quaternion = null;
+    if (object.scale.x === 1 && object.scale.y === 1 && object.scale.z === 1)
+        transform.scale = null;
+    if (object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) {
+        geometry = object.geometry;
+        material = object.material;
+    }
+    // API for an explicit choice to discard this object – for example, a geometry that should not be exported,
+    // but childs should still be exported.
+    if (keepObject && !keepObject(object)) {
+        geometry = undefined;
+        material = undefined;
+    }
+    if ((object instanceof Mesh || object instanceof SkinnedMesh) &&
+        material &&
+        (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ||
+            material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial ||
+            (material instanceof Material && material.type === "MeshLineMaterial"))) {
+        const name = getObjectId(object);
+        const skinnedMeshObject = object instanceof SkinnedMesh ? object : null;
+        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, geometry, material, undefined, skinnedMeshObject, object.animations);
+    }
+    else if (object instanceof PerspectiveCamera || object instanceof OrthographicCamera) {
+        const name = getObjectId(object);
+        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, undefined, undefined, object);
+    }
+    else {
+        const name = getObjectId(object);
+        model = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, transform, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, object.animations);
+    }
+    if (model) {
+        model.displayName = object.userData?.name || object.name;
+        model.visibility = object.visible ? undefined : "invisible";
+        if (parentModel) {
+            parentModel.add(model);
+        }
+        parentModel = model;
+        if (context.extensions) {
+            for (const ext of context.extensions) {
+                if (ext.onExportObject)
+                    ext.onExportObject.call(ext, object, model, context);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        const name = getObjectId(object);
+        const empty = new USDObject(object.uuid, name, { position: object.position, quaternion: object.quaternion, scale: object.scale });
+        if (parentModel) {
+            parentModel.add(empty);
+        }
+        parentModel = empty;
+    }
+    for (const ch of object.children) {
+        traverse(ch, parentModel, context, keepObject);
+    }
+}
+function logUsdHierarchy(object, prefix, ...extraLogObjects) {
+    const item = {};
+    let itemCount = 0;
+    function collectItem(object, current) {
+        itemCount++;
+        let name = object.displayName || object.name;
+        name += " (" + object.uuid + ")";
+        const hasAny = object.geometry || object.material || object.camera || object.skinnedMesh;
+        if (hasAny) {
+            name += " (" + (object.geometry ? "geo, " : "") + (object.material ? "mat, " : "") + (object.camera ? "cam, " : "") + (object.skinnedMesh ? "skin, " : "") + ")";
+        }
+        current[name] = {};
+        const props = { object };
+        if (object.material)
+            props['mat'] = true;
+        if (object.geometry)
+            props['geo'] = true;
+        if (object.camera)
+            props['cam'] = true;
+        if (object.skinnedMesh)
+            props['skin'] = true;
+        current[name]._self = props;
+        for (const child of object.children) {
+            if (child) {
+                collectItem(child, current[name]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    collectItem(object, item);
+    console.log(prefix + " (" + itemCount + " nodes)", item, ...extraLogObjects);
+}
+function prune(object, options) {
+    let allChildsWerePruned = true;
+    const prunedChilds = new Array();
+    const keptChilds = new Array();
+    if (object.children.length === 0) {
+        allChildsWerePruned = true;
+    }
+    else {
+        const childs = [...object.children];
+        for (const child of childs) {
+            if (child) {
+                const childWasPruned = prune(child, options);
+                if (options.debug) {
+                    if (childWasPruned)
+                        prunedChilds.push(child);
+                    else
+                        keptChilds.push(child);
+                }
+                allChildsWerePruned = allChildsWerePruned && childWasPruned;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // check if this object is referenced by any behavior
+    const isBehaviorSourceOrTarget = options.allBehaviorTargets.has(object.uuid);
+    // check if this object has any material or geometry
+    const isVisible = object.geometry || object.material || (object.camera && !options.quickLookCompatible) || object.skinnedMesh || false;
+    // check if this object is part of any reparenting
+    const isBoneReparenting = options.boneReparentings.has(object.uuid);
+    const canBePruned = allChildsWerePruned && !isBehaviorSourceOrTarget && !isVisible && !isBoneReparenting;
+    if (canBePruned) {
+        if (options.debug)
+            console.log("Pruned object:", (object.displayName || object.name) + " (" + object.uuid + ")", {
+                isVisible,
+                isBehaviorSourceOrTarget,
+                allChildsWerePruned,
+                isBoneReparenting,
+                object,
+                prunedChilds,
+                keptChilds
+            });
+        object.parent?.remove(object);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (options.debug)
+            console.log("Kept object:", (object.displayName || object.name) + " (" + object.uuid + ")", {
+                isVisible,
+                isBehaviorSourceOrTarget,
+                allChildsWerePruned,
+                isBoneReparenting,
+                object,
+                prunedChilds,
+                keptChilds
+            });
+    }
+    // if it has no children and is not a behavior source or target, and is not visible, prune it
+    return canBePruned;
+}
+async function parseDocument(context, afterStageRoot) {
+    Progress.start("export-usdz-resources", "export-usdz");
+    const resources = [];
+    for (const child of context.document.children) {
+        addResources(child, context, resources);
+    }
+    // addResources now only collects promises for better progress reporting.
+    // We are resolving them here and reporting progress on that:
+    const total = resources.length;
+    for (let i = 0; i < total; i++) {
+        Progress.report("export-usdz-resources", { totalSteps: total, currentStep: i });
+        await new Promise((resolve, _reject) => {
+            resources[i]();
+            resolve();
+        });
+    }
+    Progress.end("export-usdz-resources");
+    const writer = new USDWriter();
+    const arAnchoringOptions = context.exporter.sceneAnchoringOptions.ar;
+    writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "${context.document.name}"`);
+    writer.beginBlock(`def Scope "Scenes" (
+		kind = "sceneLibrary"
+	)`);
+    writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "Scene"`, '(', false);
+    writer.appendLine(`apiSchemas = ["Preliminary_AnchoringAPI"]`);
+    writer.appendLine(`customData = {`);
+    writer.appendLine(`	bool preliminary_collidesWithEnvironment = 0`);
+    writer.appendLine(`	string sceneName = "Scene"`);
+    writer.appendLine(`}`);
+    writer.appendLine(`sceneName = "Scene"`);
+    writer.closeBlock(')');
+    writer.beginBlock();
+    writer.appendLine(`token preliminary:anchoring:type = "${arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type}"`);
+    if (arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type === 'plane')
+        writer.appendLine(`token preliminary:planeAnchoring:alignment = "${arAnchoringOptions.planeAnchoring.alignment}"`);
+    // bit hacky as we don't have a callback here yet. Relies on the fact that the image is named identical in the ImageTracking extension.
+    if (arAnchoringOptions.anchoring.type === 'image')
+        writer.appendLine(`rel preliminary:imageAnchoring:referenceImage = </${context.document.name}/Scenes/Scene/AnchoringReferenceImage>`);
+    writer.appendLine();
+    const count = (object) => {
+        if (!object)
+            return 0;
+        let total = 1;
+        for (const child of object.children)
+            total += count(child);
+        return total;
+    };
+    const totalXformCount = count(context.document);
+    Progress.start("export-usdz-xforms", "export-usdz");
+    Progress.report("export-usdz-xforms", { totalSteps: totalXformCount, currentStep: 1 });
+    for (const child of context.document.children) {
+        buildXform(child, writer, context);
+    }
+    Progress.end("export-usdz-xforms");
+    Progress.report("export-usdz", "invoke onAfterHierarchy");
+    invokeAll(context, 'onAfterHierarchy', writer);
+    writer.closeBlock();
+    writer.closeBlock();
+    writer.appendLine(afterStageRoot());
+    writer.closeBlock();
+    Progress.report("export-usdz", "write to string");
+    context.output += writer.toString();
+}
+function addResources(object, context, resources) {
+    if (!object)
+        return;
+    const geometry = object.geometry;
+    const material = object.material;
+    if (geometry) {
+        if (material && ('isMeshStandardMaterial' in material && material.isMeshStandardMaterial ||
+            'isMeshBasicMaterial' in material && material.isMeshBasicMaterial ||
+            material.type === "MeshLineMaterial")) { // TODO convert unlit to lit+emissive
+            const geometryFileName = 'geometries/' + getGeometryName(geometry, object.name) + '.usda';
+            if (!(geometryFileName in context.files)) {
+                const action = () => {
+                    const meshObject = buildMeshObject(geometry, object.skinnedMesh?.skeleton?.bones, context.quickLookCompatible);
+                    context.files[geometryFileName] = buildUSDFileAsString(meshObject, context);
+                };
+                resources.push(action);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            console.warn('NeedleUSDZExporter: Unsupported material type (USDZ only supports MeshStandardMaterial)', material?.name);
+        }
+    }
+    if (material) {
+        if (!(material.uuid in context.materials)) {
+            context.materials[material.uuid] = material;
+        }
+    }
+    for (const ch of object.children) {
+        addResources(ch, context, resources);
+    }
+}
+async function invokeAll(context, name, writer = null) {
+    if (context.extensions) {
+        for (const ext of context.extensions) {
+            if (!ext)
+                continue;
+            if (typeof ext[name] === 'function') {
+                const method = ext[name];
+                const res = method.call(ext, context, writer);
+                if (res instanceof Promise) {
+                    await res;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+let _renderer = null;
+let renderTarget = null;
+let fullscreenQuadGeometry;
+let fullscreenQuadMaterial;
+let fullscreenQuad;
+/** Reads back a texture from the GPU (can be compressed, a render texture, or anything), optionally applies RGBA colorScale to it, and returns CPU data for further usage.
+ * Note that there are WebGL / WebGPU rules preventing some use of data between WebGL contexts.
+*/
+async function decompressGpuTexture(texture, maxTextureSize = Infinity, renderer = null, colorScale = undefined) {
+    if (!fullscreenQuadGeometry)
+        fullscreenQuadGeometry = new PlaneGeometry(2, 2, 1, 1);
+    if (!fullscreenQuadMaterial)
+        fullscreenQuadMaterial = new ShaderMaterial({
+            uniforms: {
+                blitTexture: new Uniform(texture),
+                flipY: new Uniform(false),
+                scale: new Uniform(new Vector4(1, 1, 1, 1)),
+            },
+            vertexShader: `
+            varying vec2 vUv;
+			uniform bool flipY;
+            void main(){
+                vUv = uv;
+				if (flipY)
+					vUv.y = 1. - vUv.y;
+                gl_Position = vec4(position.xy * 1.0,0.,.999999);
+            }`,
+            fragmentShader: `
+            uniform sampler2D blitTexture;
+			uniform vec4 scale; 
+            varying vec2 vUv;
+
+            void main(){ 
+                gl_FragColor = vec4(vUv.xy, 0, 1);
+                
+                #ifdef IS_SRGB
+                gl_FragColor = sRGBTransferOETF( texture2D( blitTexture, vUv) );
+                #else
+                gl_FragColor = texture2D( blitTexture, vUv);
+                #endif
+				
+				gl_FragColor.rgba *= scale.rgba;
+            }`
+        });
+    // update uniforms
+    const uniforms = fullscreenQuadMaterial.uniforms;
+    uniforms.blitTexture.value = texture;
+    uniforms.flipY.value = false;
+    uniforms.scale.value = new Vector4(1, 1, 1, 1);
+    if (colorScale !== undefined)
+        uniforms.scale.value.copy(colorScale);
+    fullscreenQuadMaterial.defines.IS_SRGB = texture.colorSpace == SRGBColorSpace;
+    fullscreenQuadMaterial.needsUpdate = true;
+    if (!fullscreenQuad) {
+        fullscreenQuad = new Mesh(fullscreenQuadGeometry, fullscreenQuadMaterial);
+        fullscreenQuad.frustumCulled = false;
+    }
+    const _camera = new PerspectiveCamera();
+    const _scene = new Scene();
+    _scene.add(fullscreenQuad);
+    if (!renderer) {
+        renderer = _renderer = new WebGLRenderer({ antialias: false, alpha: true, premultipliedAlpha: false, preserveDrawingBuffer: true });
+    }
+    const width = Math.min(texture.image.width, maxTextureSize);
+    const height = Math.min(texture.image.height, maxTextureSize);
+    // dispose render target if the size is wrong
+    if (renderTarget && (renderTarget.width !== width || renderTarget.height !== height)) {
+        renderTarget.dispose();
+        renderTarget = null;
+    }
+    if (!renderTarget) {
+        renderTarget = new WebGLRenderTarget(width, height, { format: RGBAFormat, type: UnsignedByteType, minFilter: LinearFilter, magFilter: LinearFilter });
+    }
+    renderer.setRenderTarget(renderTarget);
+    renderer.setSize(width, height);
+    renderer.clear();
+    renderer.render(_scene, _camera);
+    if (_renderer) {
+        _renderer.dispose();
+        _renderer = null;
+    }
+    const buffer = new Uint8ClampedArray(renderTarget.width * renderTarget.height * 4);
+    renderer.readRenderTargetPixels(renderTarget, 0, 0, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height, buffer);
+    const imageData = new ImageData(buffer, renderTarget.width, renderTarget.height, undefined);
+    const bmp = await createImageBitmap(imageData, { premultiplyAlpha: "none" });
+    return {
+        imageData,
+        imageBitmap: bmp
+    };
+}
+/** Checks if the given image is of a type with readable data and width/height */
+function isImageBitmap(image) {
+    return (typeof HTMLImageElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLImageElement) ||
+        (typeof HTMLCanvasElement !== 'undefined' && image instanceof HTMLCanvasElement) ||
+        (typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && image instanceof OffscreenCanvas) ||
+        (typeof ImageBitmap !== 'undefined' && image instanceof ImageBitmap);
+}
+/** This method uses a 'bitmaprenderer' context and doesn't do any pixel manipulation.
+ * This way, we can keep the alpha channel as it was, but we're losing the ability to do pixel manipulations or resize operations. */
+async function imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied(image, maxTextureSize = 4096) {
+    const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max(image.width, image.height);
+    const width = image.width * Math.min(1, scale);
+    const height = image.height * Math.min(1, scale);
+    const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(width, height);
+    const settings = { premultiplyAlpha: "none" };
+    if (image.width !== width)
+        settings.resizeWidth = width;
+    if (image.height !== height)
+        settings.resizeHeight = height;
+    const imageBitmap = await createImageBitmap(image, settings);
+    const ctx = canvas.getContext("bitmaprenderer");
+    if (ctx) {
+        ctx.transferFromImageBitmap(imageBitmap);
+    }
+    return canvas;
+}
+/** This method uses a '2d' canvas context for pixel manipulation, and can apply a color scale or Y flip to the given image.
+ * Unfortunately, canvas always uses premultiplied data, and thus images with low alpha values (or multiplying by a=0) will result in black pixels.
+ */
+async function imageToCanvas(image, color = undefined, flipY = false, maxTextureSize = 4096) {
+    if (isImageBitmap(image)) {
+        // max. canvas size on Safari is still 4096x4096
+        const scale = maxTextureSize / Math.max(image.width, image.height);
+        const canvas = new OffscreenCanvas(image.width * Math.min(1, scale), image.height * Math.min(1, scale));
+        const context = canvas.getContext('2d', { alpha: true, premultipliedAlpha: false });
+        if (!context)
+            throw new Error('Could not get canvas 2D context');
+        if (flipY === true) {
+            context.translate(0, canvas.height);
+            context.scale(1, -1);
+        }
+        context.drawImage(image, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
+        // Currently only used to apply opacity scale since QuickLook and usdview don't support that yet
+        if (color !== undefined) {
+            const r = color.x;
+            const g = color.y;
+            const b = color.z;
+            const a = color.w;
+            const imagedata = context.getImageData(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
+            const data = imagedata.data;
+            for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
+                data[i + 0] = data[i + 0] * r;
+                data[i + 1] = data[i + 1] * g;
+                data[i + 2] = data[i + 2] * b;
+                data[i + 3] = data[i + 3] * a;
+            }
+            context.putImageData(imagedata, 0, 0);
+        }
+        return canvas;
+    }
+    else {
+        throw new Error('NeedleUSDZExporter: No valid image data found. Unable to process texture.');
+    }
+}
+//
+const PRECISION = 7;
+function buildHeader() {
+    return `#usda 1.0
+(
+    customLayerData = {
+        string creator = "Needle Engine USDZExporter"
+    }
+    metersPerUnit = 1
+    upAxis = "Y"
+)
+`;
+}
+function buildUSDFileAsString(dataToInsert, _context) {
+    let output = buildHeader();
+    output += dataToInsert;
+    return fflate.strToU8(output);
+}
+function getObjectId(object) {
+    return object.name.replace(/[-<>\(\)\[\]§$%&\/\\\=\?\,\;]/g, '') + '_' + object.id;
+}
+function getBoneName(bone) {
+    return makeNameSafe(bone.name || 'bone_' + bone.uuid);
+}
+function getGeometryName(geometry, _fallbackName) {
+    // Using object names here breaks instancing...
+    // So we removed fallbackName again. Downside: geometries don't have nice names...
+    // A better workaround would be that we actually name them on glTF import (so the geometry has a name, not the object)
+    return makeNameSafe(geometry.name || 'Geometry') + "_" + geometry.id;
+}
+function getMaterialName(material) {
+    return makeNameSafe(material.name || 'Material') + "_" + material.id;
+}
+function getPathToSkeleton(bone, assumedRoot) {
+    let path = getBoneName(bone);
+    let current = bone.parent;
+    while (current && current !== assumedRoot) {
+        path = getBoneName(current) + '/' + path;
+        current = current.parent;
+    }
+    return path;
+}
+// Xform
+export function buildXform(model, writer, context) {
+    if (model == null)
+        return;
+    Progress.report("export-usdz-xforms", { message: "buildXform " + model.displayName || model.name, autoStep: true });
+    // const matrix = model.matrix;
+    const transform = model.transform;
+    const geometry = model.geometry;
+    const material = model.material;
+    const camera = model.camera;
+    const name = model.name;
+    if (model.animations) {
+        for (const animation of model.animations) {
+            context.animations.push(animation);
+        }
+    }
+    // const transform = buildMatrix( matrix );
+    /*
+    if ( matrix.determinant() < 0 ) {
+
+        console.warn( 'NeedleUSDZExporter: USDZ does not support negative scales', name );
+
+    }
+    */
+    const isSkinnedMesh = geometry && geometry.isBufferGeometry && geometry.attributes.skinIndex !== undefined && geometry.attributes.skinIndex.count > 0;
+    const objType = isSkinnedMesh ? 'SkelRoot' : 'Xform';
+    const _apiSchemas = new Array();
+    // Specific case: the material is white unlit, the mesh has vertex colors, so we can
+    // export as displayColor directly
+    const isUnlitDisplayColor = material && material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial &&
+        material.color && material.color.r === 1 && material.color.g === 1 && material.color.b === 1 &&
+        !material.map && material.opacity === 1 &&
+        geometry?.attributes.color;
+    if (geometry?.attributes.color && !isUnlitDisplayColor) {
+        console.warn("NeedleUSDZExporter: Geometry has vertex colors. Vertex colors will only be shown in QuickLook for unlit materials with white color and no texture. Otherwise, they will be ignored.", model.displayName);
+    }
+    writer.appendLine();
+    if (geometry) {
+        writer.beginBlock(`def ${objType} "${name}"`, "(", false);
+        // NE-4084: To use the doubleSided workaround with skeletal meshes we'd have to 
+        // also emit extra data for jointIndices etc., so we're skipping skinned meshes here.
+        if (context.quickLookCompatible && material && material.side === DoubleSide && !isSkinnedMesh)
+            writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/${getGeometryName(geometry, name)}.usda@</Geometry_doubleSided>`);
+        else
+            writer.appendLine(`prepend references = @./geometries/${getGeometryName(geometry, name)}.usda@</Geometry>`);
+        if (!isUnlitDisplayColor)
+            _apiSchemas.push("MaterialBindingAPI");
+        if (isSkinnedMesh)
+            _apiSchemas.push("SkelBindingAPI");
+    }
+    else if (camera && !context.quickLookCompatible)
+        writer.beginBlock(`def Camera "${name}"`, "(", false);
+    else if (model.type !== undefined)
+        writer.beginBlock(`def ${model.type} "${name}"`);
+    else // if (model.type === undefined)
+        writer.beginBlock(`def Xform "${name}"`, "(", false);
+    if (model.type === undefined) {
+        if (model.extraSchemas?.length)
+            _apiSchemas.push(...model.extraSchemas);
+        if (_apiSchemas.length)
+            writer.appendLine(`prepend apiSchemas = [${_apiSchemas.map(s => `"${s}"`).join(', ')}]`);
+    }
+    if (model.displayName)
+        writer.appendLine(`displayName = "${makeDisplayNameSafe(model.displayName)}"`);
+    if (camera || model.type === undefined) {
+        writer.closeBlock(")");
+        writer.beginBlock();
+    }
+    if (geometry && material) {
+        if (!isUnlitDisplayColor) {
+            const materialName = getMaterialName(material);
+            writer.appendLine(`rel material:binding = </StageRoot/Materials/${materialName}>`);
+        }
+        // Turns out QuickLook / RealityKit doesn't support the doubleSided attribute, so we
+        // work around that by emitting additional indices above, and then we shouldn't emit the attribute either as geometry is
+        // already doubleSided then.
+        if (!context.quickLookCompatible && material.side === DoubleSide) {
+            // double-sided is a mesh property in USD, we can apply it as `over` here
+            writer.beginBlock(`over "Geometry" `);
+            writer.appendLine(`uniform bool doubleSided = 1`);
+            writer.closeBlock();
+        }
+    }
+    let haveWrittenAnyXformOps = false;
+    if (isSkinnedMesh) {
+        writer.appendLine(`rel skel:skeleton = <Rig>`);
+        writer.appendLine(`rel skel:animationSource = <Rig/_anim>`);
+        haveWrittenAnyXformOps = false;
+        // writer.appendLine( `matrix4d xformOp:transform = ${buildMatrix(new Matrix4())}` ); // always identity / in world space
+    }
+    else if (model.type === undefined) {
+        if (transform) {
+            haveWrittenAnyXformOps = haveWrittenAnyXformOps || (transform.position !== null || transform.quaternion !== null || transform.scale !== null);
+            if (transform.position) {
+                model.needsTranslate = true;
+                writer.appendLine(`double3 xformOp:translate = (${fn(transform.position.x)}, ${fn(transform.position.y)}, ${fn(transform.position.z)})`);
+            }
+            if (transform.quaternion) {
+                model.needsOrient = true;
+                writer.appendLine(`quatf xformOp:orient = (${fn(transform.quaternion.w)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.x)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.y)}, ${fn(transform.quaternion.z)})`);
+            }
+            if (transform.scale) {
+                model.needsScale = true;
+                writer.appendLine(`double3 xformOp:scale = (${fn(transform.scale.x)}, ${fn(transform.scale.y)}, ${fn(transform.scale.z)})`);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (model.visibility !== undefined)
+        writer.appendLine(`token visibility = "${model.visibility}"`);
+    if (camera && !context.quickLookCompatible) {
+        if ('isOrthographicCamera' in camera && camera.isOrthographicCamera) {
+            writer.appendLine(`float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near}, ${camera.far})`);
+            writer.appendLine(`float horizontalAperture = ${((Math.abs(camera.left) + Math.abs(camera.right)) * 10).toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+            writer.appendLine(`float verticalAperture = ${((Math.abs(camera.top) + Math.abs(camera.bottom)) * 10).toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+            writer.appendLine('token projection = "orthographic"');
+        }
+        else if ('isPerspectiveCamera' in camera && camera.isPerspectiveCamera) {
+            writer.appendLine(`float2 clippingRange = (${camera.near.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${camera.far.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
+            writer.appendLine(`float focalLength = ${camera.getFocalLength().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+            writer.appendLine(`float focusDistance = ${camera.focus.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+            writer.appendLine(`float horizontalAperture = ${camera.getFilmWidth().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+            writer.appendLine('token projection = "perspective"');
+            writer.appendLine(`float verticalAperture = ${camera.getFilmHeight().toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+        }
+    }
+    if (model.onSerialize) {
+        model.onSerialize(writer, context);
+    }
+    // after serialization, we know which xformops to actually define here:
+    if (model.type === undefined) {
+        // TODO only write the necessary ones – this isn't trivial though because we need to know
+        // if some of them are animated, and then we need to include those.
+        // Best approach would likely be to write xformOpOrder _after_ onSerialize
+        // and keep track of what was written in onSerialize (e.g. model.needsTranslate = true)
+        const ops = new Array();
+        if (model.needsTranslate)
+            ops.push('"xformOp:translate"');
+        if (model.needsOrient)
+            ops.push('"xformOp:orient"');
+        if (model.needsScale)
+            ops.push('"xformOp:scale"');
+        if (ops.length)
+            writer.appendLine(`uniform token[] xformOpOrder = [${ops.join(', ')}]`);
+    }
+    if (model.children) {
+        writer.appendLine();
+        for (const ch of model.children) {
+            buildXform(ch, writer, context);
+        }
+    }
+    writer.closeBlock();
+}
+function fn(num) {
+    return Number.isInteger(num) ? num.toString() : num.toFixed(10);
+}
+function buildMatrix(matrix) {
+    const array = matrix.elements;
+    return `( ${buildMatrixRow(array, 0)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 4)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 8)}, ${buildMatrixRow(array, 12)} )`;
+}
+function buildMatrixRow(array, offset) {
+    return `(${fn(array[offset + 0])}, ${fn(array[offset + 1])}, ${fn(array[offset + 2])}, ${fn(array[offset + 3])})`;
+}
+// Mesh
+function buildMeshObject(geometry, bonesArray = [], quickLookCompatible = true) {
+    const mesh = buildMesh(geometry, bonesArray, quickLookCompatible);
+    return `
+def "Geometry"
+${mesh}
+`;
+}
+function buildMesh(geometry, bones = [], quickLookCompatible = true) {
+    const name = 'Geometry';
+    const attributes = geometry.attributes;
+    const count = attributes.position.count;
+    const hasBones = bones && bones.length > 0;
+    // We need to sort bones and all skinning data by path –
+    // Neither glTF nor three.js care, but in USD they must be sorted
+    // since the array defines the virtual hierarchy and is evaluated in that order
+    const sortedBones = [];
+    const indexMapping = [];
+    let sortedSkinIndex = new Array();
+    let sortedSkinIndexAttribute = attributes.skinIndex;
+    let bonesArray = "";
+    if (hasBones) {
+        const uuidsFound = [];
+        for (const bone of bones) {
+            // if (bone.parent!.type !== 'Bone')
+            {
+                sortedBones.push({ bone: bone, index: bones.indexOf(bone) });
+                uuidsFound.push(bone.uuid);
+            }
+        }
+        let maxSteps = 10_000;
+        while (uuidsFound.length < bones.length && maxSteps-- > 0) {
+            for (const sortedBone of sortedBones) {
+                const children = sortedBone.bone.children;
+                for (const childBone of children) {
+                    if (uuidsFound.indexOf(childBone.uuid) === -1 && bones.indexOf(childBone) !== -1) {
+                        sortedBones.push({ bone: childBone, index: bones.indexOf(childBone) });
+                        uuidsFound.push(childBone.uuid);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (maxSteps <= 0)
+            console.error("Failed to sort bones in skinned mesh", sortedBones, bones, uuidsFound);
+        // add structural nodes to the list of bones
+        for (const structuralNode of findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy(bones)) {
+            sortedBones.push({ bone: structuralNode, index: sortedBones.length });
+        }
+        // sort bones by path – need to be sorted in the same order as during mesh export
+        const assumedRoot = sortedBones[0].bone.parent;
+        sortedBones.sort((a, b) => getPathToSkeleton(a.bone, assumedRoot) > getPathToSkeleton(b.bone, assumedRoot) ? 1 : -1);
+        bonesArray = sortedBones.map(x => "\"" + getPathToSkeleton(x.bone, assumedRoot) + "\"").join(', ');
+        // TODO we can probably skip the expensive attribute re-ordering if the bones were already in a correct order.
+        // That doesn't mean that they are strictly sorted by path – just that all parents strictly need to come first.
+        // build index mapping
+        for (const i in sortedBones) {
+            indexMapping[sortedBones[i].index] = parseInt(i);
+        }
+        // remap skin index attributes
+        const skinIndex = attributes.skinIndex;
+        sortedSkinIndex = new Array();
+        for (let i = 0; i < skinIndex.count; i++) {
+            const x = skinIndex.getX(i);
+            const y = skinIndex.getY(i);
+            const z = skinIndex.getZ(i);
+            const w = skinIndex.getW(i);
+            sortedSkinIndex.push(indexMapping[x], indexMapping[y], indexMapping[z], indexMapping[w]);
+        }
+        // turn it back into an attribute so the rest of the code doesn't need to learn a new thing
+        sortedSkinIndexAttribute = new BufferAttribute(new Uint16Array(sortedSkinIndex), 4);
+    }
+    const isSkinnedMesh = attributes.skinWeight && attributes.skinIndex;
+    return `
+{	
+    def Mesh "${name}" ${isSkinnedMesh ? `(
+        prepend apiSchemas = ["SkelBindingAPI"]
+    )` : ''}
+    {
+        int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount(geometry)}]
+        int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry)}]
+		${attributes.normal || quickLookCompatible ? // in QuickLook, normals are required, otherwise double-sided rendering doesn't work.
+        `normal3f[] normals = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.normal, count)}] (
+            interpolation = "vertex"
+        )` : ''}
+        point3f[] points = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.position, count)}]
+        ${attributes.uv ?
+        `texCoord2f[] primvars:st = [${buildVector2Array(attributes.uv, count, true)}] (
+            interpolation = "vertex"
+        )` : ''}
+		${attributes.uv1 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st1', attributes.uv1) : ''}
+		${attributes.uv2 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st2', attributes.uv2) : ''}
+		${attributes.uv3 ? buildCustomAttributeAccessor('st3', attributes.uv3) : ''}
+		${isSkinnedMesh ?
+        `matrix4d primvars:skel:geomBindTransform = ( (1, 0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0, 0), (0, 0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 0, 1) ) (
+				elementSize = 1
+				interpolation = "constant"
+			)` : ''}
+		${attributes.skinIndex ?
+        `int[] primvars:skel:jointIndices = [${buildVector4Array(sortedSkinIndexAttribute, true)}] (
+			elementSize = 4
+			interpolation = "vertex"
+		)` : ''}
+		${attributes.skinWeight ?
+        `float[] primvars:skel:jointWeights = [${buildVector4Array(attributes.skinWeight)}] (
+			elementSize = 4
+			interpolation = "vertex"
+		)` : ''}
+		${attributes.color ?
+        `color3f[] primvars:displayColor = [${buildVector3Array(attributes.color, count)}] (
+			interpolation = "vertex"
+		)` : ''}
+        uniform token subdivisionScheme = "none"
+    }
+}
+${quickLookCompatible ? `
+# This is a workaround for QuickLook/RealityKit not supporting the doubleSided attribute. We're adding a second
+# geometry definition here, that uses the same mesh data but appends extra faces with reversed winding order.
+def "${name}_doubleSided" (
+	prepend references = </Geometry>
+)
+{
+	over "Geometry"
+	{
+		int[] faceVertexCounts = [${buildMeshVertexCount(geometry) + ", " + buildMeshVertexCount(geometry)}]
+		int[] faceVertexIndices = [${buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry) + ", " + buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry, true)}]
+	}
+}
+` : ''}
+`;
+}
+function buildMeshVertexCount(geometry) {
+    const count = geometry.index !== null ? geometry.index.count : geometry.attributes.position.count;
+    return Array(Math.floor(count / 3)).fill(3).join(', ');
+}
+function buildMeshVertexIndices(geometry, reverseWinding = false) {
+    const index = geometry.index;
+    const array = [];
+    if (index !== null) {
+        for (let i = 0; i < index.count; i++) {
+            let val = i;
+            if (reverseWinding)
+                val = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
+            array.push(index.getX(val));
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        const length = geometry.attributes.position.count;
+        for (let i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            let val = i;
+            if (reverseWinding)
+                val = i % 3 === 0 ? i + 2 : i % 3 === 2 ? i - 2 : i;
+            array.push(val);
+        }
+    }
+    return array.join(', ');
+}
+/** Returns a string with the correct attribute declaration for the given attribute. Could have 2,3,4 components. */
+function buildCustomAttributeAccessor(primvarName, attribute) {
+    const count = attribute.itemSize;
+    switch (count) {
+        case 2:
+            // TODO: Check if we want to flip Y here as well. We do that for texcoords, but the data in UV1..N could be intended for other purposes.
+            return `texCoord2f[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector2Array(attribute, count, true)}] (
+				interpolation = "vertex"
+			)`;
+        case 3:
+            return `texCoord3f[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector3Array(attribute, count)}] (
+				interpolation = "vertex"
+			)`;
+        case 4:
+            return `double4[] primvars:${primvarName} = [${buildVector4Array2(attribute, count)}] (
+				interpolation = "vertex"
+			)`;
+        default:
+            console.warn('USDZExporter: Attribute with ' + count + ' components are currently not supported. Results may be undefined for ' + primvarName + '.');
+            return '';
+    }
+}
+function buildVector3Array(attribute, count) {
+    if (attribute === undefined) {
+        console.warn('USDZExporter: A mesh attribute is missing and will be set with placeholder data. The result may look incorrect.');
+        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0, 1)').join(', ');
+    }
+    const array = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
+        const x = attribute.getX(i);
+        const y = attribute.getY(i);
+        const z = attribute.getZ(i);
+        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${z.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
+    }
+    return array.join(', ');
+}
+function buildVector4Array2(attribute, count) {
+    if (attribute === undefined) {
+        console.warn('USDZExporter: Attribute is missing. Results may be undefined.');
+        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0, 0, 0)').join(', ');
+    }
+    const array = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
+        const x = attribute.getX(i);
+        const y = attribute.getY(i);
+        const z = attribute.getZ(i) || 0;
+        const w = attribute.getW(i) || 0;
+        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${z.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${w.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
+    }
+    return array.join(', ');
+}
+function buildVector4Array(attribute, ints = false) {
+    const array = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
+        const x = attribute.getX(i);
+        const y = attribute.getY(i);
+        const z = attribute.getZ(i);
+        const w = attribute.getW(i);
+        array.push(`${ints ? x : x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+        array.push(`${ints ? y : y.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+        array.push(`${ints ? z : z.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+        array.push(`${ints ? w : w.toPrecision(PRECISION)}`);
+    }
+    return array.join(', ');
+}
+function buildVector2Array(attribute, count, flipY = false) {
+    if (attribute === undefined) {
+        console.warn('USDZExporter: UVs missing.');
+        return Array(count).fill('(0, 0)').join(', ');
+    }
+    const array = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < attribute.count; i++) {
+        const x = attribute.getX(i);
+        let y = attribute.getY(i);
+        if (flipY)
+            y = 1 - y;
+        array.push(`(${x.toPrecision(PRECISION)}, ${y.toPrecision(PRECISION)})`);
+    }
+    return array.join(', ');
+}
+// Materials
+function buildMaterials(materials, textures, quickLookCompatible = false) {
+    const array = [];
+    for (const uuid in materials) {
+        const material = materials[uuid];
+        array.push(buildMaterial(material, textures, quickLookCompatible));
+    }
+    return `
+	def "Materials"
+    {
+${array.join('')}
+    }`;
+}
+function buildMaterial(material, textures, quickLookCompatible = false) {
+    const materialName = getMaterialName(material);
+    // Special case: occluder material
+    // Supported on iOS 18+ and visionOS 1+
+    const isShadowCatcherMaterial = material.colorWrite === false ||
+        (material.userData?.isShadowCatcherMaterial || material.userData?.isLightBlendMaterial);
+    if (isShadowCatcherMaterial) {
+        // Two options here:
+        // - ND_realitykit_occlusion_surfaceshader (non-shadow receiving)
+        // - ND_realitykit_shadowreceiver_surfaceshader (shadow receiving)
+        const mode = (material.userData.isLightBlendMaterial || material.userData.isShadowCatcherMaterial)
+            ? "ND_realitykit_shadowreceiver_surfaceshader"
+            : "ND_realitykit_occlusion_surfaceshader";
+        return `
+
+		def Material "${materialName}" ${material.name ? `(
+			displayName = "${material.name}"
+		)` : ''}
+		{
+			token outputs:mtlx:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/Occlusion.outputs:out>
+
+			def Shader "Occlusion"
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "${mode}"
+				token outputs:out
+			}
+		}`;
+    }
+    // https://graphics.pixar.com/usd/docs/UsdPreviewSurface-Proposal.html
+    const pad = '                ';
+    const inputs = [];
+    const samplers = [];
+    const usedUVChannels = new Set();
+    function texName(tex) {
+        // If we have a source, we only want to use the source's id, not the texture's id
+        // to avoid exporting the same underlying data multiple times.
+        return makeNameSafe(tex.name) + '_' + (tex.source?.id ?? tex.id);
+    }
+    function buildTexture(texture, mapType, color = undefined, opacity = undefined) {
+        const name = texName(texture);
+        // File names need to be unique; so when we're baking color and/or opacity into a texture we need to keep track of that.
+        // TODO This currently results in textures potentially being exported multiple times that are actually identical!
+        // const colorHex = color ? color.getHexString() : undefined;
+        // const colorId = ( color && colorHex != 'ffffff' ? '_' + color.getHexString() : '' );
+        const id = name + (opacity !== undefined && opacity !== 1.0 ? '_' + opacity : '');
+        // Seems neither QuickLook nor usdview support scale/bias on .a values, so we need to bake opacity multipliers into
+        // the texture. This is not ideal.
+        const opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale = quickLookCompatible && opacity !== undefined && opacity !== 1.0;
+        const scaleToApply = opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale ? new Vector4(1, 1, 1, opacity) : undefined;
+        // Treat undefined opacity as 1
+        if (opacity === undefined)
+            opacity = 1.0;
+        // When we're baking opacity into the texture, we shouldn't apply it as scale as well – so we set it to 1.
+        if (opacityIsAppliedToTextureAndNotAsScale)
+            opacity = 1.0;
+        // sanitize scaleToApply.w === 0 - this isn't working right now, seems the PNG can't be read back properly.
+        if (scaleToApply && scaleToApply.w <= 0.05)
+            scaleToApply.w = 0.05;
+        textures[id] = { texture, scale: scaleToApply };
+        const uv = texture.channel > 0 ? 'st' + texture.channel : 'st';
+        usedUVChannels.add(texture.channel);
+        const isRGBA = formatsWithAlphaChannel.includes(texture.format);
+        const WRAPPINGS = {
+            1000: 'repeat',
+            1001: 'clamp',
+            1002: 'mirror' // MirroredRepeatWrapping
+        };
+        const repeat = texture.repeat.clone();
+        const offset = texture.offset.clone();
+        const rotation = texture.rotation;
+        // rotation is around the wrong point. after rotation we need to shift offset again so that we're rotating around the right spot
+        const xRotationOffset = Math.sin(rotation);
+        const yRotationOffset = Math.cos(rotation);
+        // texture coordinates start in the opposite corner, need to correct
+        offset.y = 1 - offset.y - repeat.y;
+        // turns out QuickLook is buggy and interprets texture repeat inverted.
+        // Apple Feedback: 	FB10036297 and FB11442287
+        if (quickLookCompatible) {
+            // This is NOT correct yet in QuickLook, but comes close for a range of models.
+            // It becomes more incorrect the bigger the offset is
+            // sanitize repeat values to avoid NaNs
+            if (repeat.x === 0)
+                repeat.x = 0.0001;
+            if (repeat.y === 0)
+                repeat.y = 0.0001;
+            offset.x = offset.x / repeat.x;
+            offset.y = offset.y / repeat.y;
+            offset.x += xRotationOffset / repeat.x;
+            offset.y += yRotationOffset - 1;
+        }
+        else {
+            // results match glTF results exactly. verified correct in usdview.
+            offset.x += xRotationOffset * repeat.x;
+            offset.y += (1 - yRotationOffset) * repeat.y;
+        }
+        const needsTextureTransform = (repeat.x != 1 || repeat.y != 1 || offset.x != 0 || offset.y != 0 || rotation != 0);
+        const textureTransformInput = `${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${'uvReader_' + uv}.outputs:result>`;
+        const textureTransformOutput = `${materialRoot}/${materialName}/Transform2d_${mapType}.outputs:result>`;
+        const needsTextureScale = mapType !== 'normal' && (color && (color.r !== 1 || color.g !== 1 || color.b !== 1 || opacity !== 1)) || false;
+        const needsNormalScaleAndBias = mapType === 'normal';
+        const normalScale = material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial ? (material.normalScale ? material.normalScale.x * 2 : 2) : 2;
+        const normalScaleValueString = normalScale.toFixed(PRECISION);
+        const normalBiasString = (-1 * (normalScale / 2)).toFixed(PRECISION);
+        const normalBiasZString = (1 - normalScale).toFixed(PRECISION);
+        return `
+			${needsTextureTransform ? `def Shader "Transform2d_${mapType}" (
+				sdrMetadata = {
+					string role = "math"
+				}
+			)
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "UsdTransform2d"
+				float2 inputs:in.connect = ${textureTransformInput}
+				float2 inputs:scale = ${buildVector2(repeat)}
+				float2 inputs:translation = ${buildVector2(offset)}
+				float inputs:rotation = ${(rotation / Math.PI * 180).toFixed(PRECISION)}
+				float2 outputs:result
+			}
+			` : ''}
+			def Shader "${name}_${mapType}"
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "UsdUVTexture"
+				asset inputs:file = @textures/${id}.${isRGBA ? 'png' : 'jpg'}@
+				token inputs:sourceColorSpace = "${texture.colorSpace === 'srgb' ? 'sRGB' : 'raw'}"
+				float2 inputs:st.connect = ${needsTextureTransform ? textureTransformOutput : textureTransformInput}
+				${needsTextureScale ? `
+				float4 inputs:scale = (${color ? color.r + ', ' + color.g + ', ' + color.b : '1, 1, 1'}, ${opacity})
+				` : ``}
+				${needsNormalScaleAndBias ? `
+				float4 inputs:scale = (${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, ${normalScaleValueString}, 1)
+				float4 inputs:bias = (${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasString}, ${normalBiasZString}, 0)
+				` : ``}
+				token inputs:wrapS = "${WRAPPINGS[texture.wrapS]}"
+				token inputs:wrapT = "${WRAPPINGS[texture.wrapT]}"
+				float outputs:r
+				float outputs:g
+				float outputs:b
+				float3 outputs:rgb
+				${material.transparent || material.alphaTest > 0.0 ? 'float outputs:a' : ''}
+			}`;
+    }
+    let effectiveOpacity = (material.transparent || material.alphaTest) ? material.opacity : 1;
+    let haveConnectedOpacity = false;
+    let haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = false;
+    if (material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial && material.transmission !== undefined) {
+        // TODO does not help when a roughnessMap is used
+        effectiveOpacity *= (1 - material.transmission * (1 - (material.roughness * 0.5)));
+    }
+    if (material.map) {
+        inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:rgb>`);
+        // Enforce alpha hashing in QuickLook for unlit materials
+        if (material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial && material.transparent && material.alphaTest == 0.0 && quickLookCompatible) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
+            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
+            // see below – QuickLook applies alpha hashing instead of pure blending when
+            // both opacity and opacityThreshold are connected
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${0.0000000001}`);
+            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
+        }
+        else if (material.transparent) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
+            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
+        }
+        else if (material.alphaTest > 0.0) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.map)}_diffuse.outputs:a>`);
+            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}`);
+            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
+        }
+        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.map, 'diffuse', material.color, effectiveOpacity));
+    }
+    else {
+        inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:diffuseColor = ${buildColor(material.color)}`);
+    }
+    if (material.alphaHash && quickLookCompatible) {
+        // Seems we can do this to basically enforce alpha hashing / dithered transparency in QuickLook – 
+        // works completely different in usdview though...
+        if (haveConnectedOpacityThreshold) {
+            console.warn('Opacity threshold for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping alphaHash opacity threshold.');
+        }
+        else {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0000000001`);
+            haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
+        }
+    }
+    if (material.aoMap) {
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:occlusion.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.aoMap)}_occlusion.outputs:r>`);
+        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.aoMap, 'occlusion'));
+    }
+    if (material.alphaMap) {
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.alphaMap)}_opacity.outputs:r>`);
+        // TODO this is likely not correct and will prevent blending from working correctly – masking will be used instead
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = 0.0000000001`);
+        haveConnectedOpacity = true;
+        haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
+        samplers.push(buildTexture(material.alphaMap, 'opacity', new Color(1, 1, 1), effectiveOpacity));
+    }
+    else { // opacity will always be connected if we have a map
+        if (haveConnectedOpacity) {
+            console.warn('Opacity for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping default opacity.');
+        }
+        else {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity = ${effectiveOpacity}`);
+            haveConnectedOpacity = true;
+        }
+        if (material.alphaTest > 0.0) {
+            if (haveConnectedOpacityThreshold) {
+                console.warn('Opacity threshold for ' + material.name + ' was already connected. Skipping default opacity threshold.');
+            }
+            else {
+                inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacityThreshold = ${material.alphaTest}`);
+                haveConnectedOpacityThreshold = true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (material instanceof MeshStandardMaterial) {
+        if (material.emissiveMap) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.emissiveMap)}_emissive.outputs:rgb>`);
+            const color = material.emissive.clone();
+            color.multiplyScalar(material.emissiveIntensity);
+            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.emissiveMap, 'emissive', color));
+        }
+        else if (material.emissive?.getHex() > 0) {
+            const color = material.emissive.clone();
+            color.multiplyScalar(material.emissiveIntensity);
+            inputs.push(`${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = ${buildColor(color)}`);
+        }
+        else {
+            // We don't need to export (0,0,0) as emissive color
+            // inputs.push( `${pad}color3f inputs:emissiveColor = (0, 0, 0)` );
+        }
+        if (material.normalMap) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}normal3f inputs:normal.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.normalMap)}_normal.outputs:rgb>`);
+            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.normalMap, 'normal'));
+        }
+        if (material.roughnessMap && material.roughness === 1) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:roughness.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.roughnessMap)}_roughness.outputs:g>`);
+            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.roughnessMap, 'roughness'));
+        }
+        else {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:roughness = ${material.roughness !== undefined ? material.roughness : 1}`);
+        }
+        if (material.metalnessMap && material.metalness === 1) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:metallic.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.metalnessMap)}_metallic.outputs:b>`);
+            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.metalnessMap, 'metallic'));
+        }
+        else {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:metallic = ${material.metalness !== undefined ? material.metalness : 0}`);
+        }
+    }
+    if (material instanceof MeshPhysicalMaterial) {
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:clearcoat = ${material.clearcoat}`);
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:clearcoatRoughness = ${material.clearcoatRoughness}`);
+        inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:ior = ${material.ior}`);
+        if (!material.transparent && !(material.alphaTest > 0.0) && material.transmissionMap) {
+            inputs.push(`${pad}float inputs:opacity.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/${texName(material.transmissionMap)}_transmission.outputs:r>`);
+            samplers.push(buildTexture(material.transmissionMap, 'transmission'));
+        }
+    }
+    // check if usedUVChannels contains any data besides exactly 0 or 1
+    if (usedUVChannels.size > 2) {
+        console.warn('USDZExporter: Material ' + material.name + ' uses more than 2 UV channels. Currently, only UV0 and UV1 are supported.');
+    }
+    else if (usedUVChannels.size === 2) {
+        // check if it's exactly 0 and 1
+        if (!usedUVChannels.has(0) || !usedUVChannels.has(1)) {
+            console.warn('USDZExporter: Material ' + material.name + ' uses UV channels other than 0 and 1. Currently, only UV0 and UV1 are supported.');
+        }
+    }
+    return `
+
+		def Material "${materialName}" ${material.name ? `(
+			displayName = "${makeDisplayNameSafe(material.name)}"
+		)` : ''}
+		{
+			token outputs:surface.connect = ${materialRoot}/${materialName}/PreviewSurface.outputs:surface>
+
+			def Shader "PreviewSurface"
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "UsdPreviewSurface"
+${inputs.join('\n')}
+				int inputs:useSpecularWorkflow = ${material instanceof MeshBasicMaterial ? '1' : '0'}
+				token outputs:surface
+			}
+${samplers.length > 0 ? `
+${usedUVChannels.has(0) ? `
+			def Shader "uvReader_st"
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
+				token inputs:varname = "st"
+				float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
+				float2 outputs:result
+			}
+` : ''}
+${usedUVChannels.has(1) ? `
+			def Shader "uvReader_st1"
+			{
+				uniform token info:id = "UsdPrimvarReader_float2"
+				token inputs:varname = "st1"
+				float2 inputs:fallback = (0.0, 0.0)
+				float2 outputs:result
+			}
+` : ''}
+${samplers.join('\n')}` : ''}
+		}`;
+}
+function buildColor(color) {
+    return `(${color.r}, ${color.g}, ${color.b})`;
+}
+function buildVector2(vector) {
+    return `(${vector.x}, ${vector.y})`;
+}
+const formatsWithAlphaChannel = [
+    // uncompressed formats with alpha channel
+    1023,
+    // compressed formats with alpha channel
+    33777,
+    33778,
+    33779,
+    35842,
+    35843,
+    37496,
+    37808,
+    37809,
+    37810,
+    37811,
+    37812,
+    37813,
+    37814,
+    37815,
+    37816,
+    37817,
+    37818,
+    37819,
+    37820,
+    37821,
+    36492, // RGBA_BPTC_Format
+];
+export { buildMatrix, decompressGpuTexture, findStructuralNodesInBoneHierarchy, getBoneName, getMaterialName as getMaterialNameForUSD, getPathToSkeleton, imageToCanvas, imageToCanvasUnpremultiplied, makeNameSafe as makeNameSafeForUSD, USDDocument, fn as usdNumberFormatting, USDObject, USDWriter, USDZExporter, USDZExporterContext, };
 //# sourceMappingURL=ThreeUSDZExporter.js.map